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Qiu Z, Jia X, Li Y, Fu Y, Xiao Y. Screen time in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) : a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Endocrine 2024; 85:158-167. [PMID: 38347339 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between screen time and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using Mendelian randomization. METHODS Two-sample Mendelian randomization was conducted, utilizing genetic variants associated with different types of screen time as instrumental variables. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to assess the primary outcome, which was the risk of developing T2DM. RESULTS The analysis revealed a significant positive causal association between television viewing time and the risk of T2DM. Specifically, excessive television viewing time was found to increase the risk of developing T2DM (OR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.90 to 3.00, P < 0.01). However, no significant causal relationship was observed between computer usage time and the risk of T2DM. Additionally, mobile phone use time showed a positive correlation with the risk of T2DM (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.64, P = 0.02), albeit to a lesser extent than television viewing time. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate a significant causal association between certain types of screen time, specifically television viewing and mobile phone use, and an increased risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Qiu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Est. Seak Pai Van Praia Park, Rés-Do-Chão R, Coloane, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Xueyuan Jia
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Est. Seak Pai Van Praia Park, Rés-Do-Chão R, Coloane, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Est. Seak Pai Van Praia Park, Rés-Do-Chão R, Coloane, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yancheng Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Est. Seak Pai Van Praia Park, Rés-Do-Chão R, Coloane, Macao, 999078, China.
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Mei YX, Yang K, Zhang L, Jin Y, Yang N, Yang H, Zheng YL, Pang YS, Gong YJ, Zhou H, Zuo YL, Ding WJ. Dysrhythmic saliva microbiota in mobile phone addicts with sleep disorders and restored by acupuncture. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1335554. [PMID: 38957739 PMCID: PMC11217316 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1335554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile phone addiction (MPA) greatly affects the biological clock and sleep quality and is emerging as a behavioral disorder. The saliva microbiota has been linked to circadian rhythms, and our previous research revealed dysrhythmic saliva metabolites in MPA subjects with sleep disorders (MPASD). In addition, acupuncture had positive effects. However, the dysbiotic saliva microbiota in MPASD patients and the restorative effects of acupuncture are unclear. Objectives To probe the circadian dysrhythmic characteristics of the saliva microbiota and acupunctural restoration in MPASD patients. Methods MPASD patients and healthy volunteers were recruited by the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Saliva samples were collected every 4 h for 72 h. After saliva sampling, six MPDSD subjects (group M) were acupuncturally treated (group T), and subsequent saliva sampling was conducted posttreatment. Finally, all the samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Results Significantly increased MPATS and PSQI scores were observed in MPDSD patients (p< 0.01), but these scores decreased (p<0.001) after acupuncture intervention. Compared with those in healthy controls, the diversity and structure of the saliva microbiota in MPASD patients were markedly disrupted. Six genera with circadian rhythms were detected in all groups, including Sulfurovum, Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas and Prevotella. There were five genera with circadian rhythmicity in healthy people, of which the rhythmicities of the genera Rothia and Lautropia disappeared in MPASD patients but effectively resumed after acupuncture intervention. Conclusions This work revealed dysrhythmic salivary microbes in MPASD patients, and acupuncture, as a potential intervention, could be effective in mitigating this ever-rising behavioral epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Xiu Mei
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Li Zheng
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue-Shan Pang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yan-Ju Gong
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Lin Zuo
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Jun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tao Y, Tang Q, Wang S, Zou X, Ma Z, Zhang L, Liu G, Liu X. The impact of long-term online learning on social anxiety and problematic smartphone use symptoms among secondary school students with different levels of fear of missing out: Evidence from a symptom network and longitudinal panel network analysis. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:102-119. [PMID: 38206330 PMCID: PMC10988399 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The advancement of communication technology and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to an increased reliance on online education. However, the effects of the long-term use of smart devices for online learning on students' social anxiety and problematic smartphone use (PSU) and the role of fear of missing out (FoMO) in this process have yet to be fully explored. Methods This study analysed longitudinal data from 2,356 high school students (female = 1,137 (48.26%), mean age = 13.84, SD age = 1.37) in China, divided into high- and low-FoMO groups based on their scores on the FoMO scale, to examine the impact of four months of online learning on social anxiety and PSU. The Social Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) were used to assess social anxiety and PSU symptoms. Results The undirected symptom networks revealed more bridge symptoms among the students in the high-FoMO group, although their overall symptom scores decreased. The results of the directed cross-lagged panel networks showed that "productivity loss" predicted other symptoms in the low-FoMO group but that "afraid of negative evaluation" was the predictor in the high-FoMO group. Meanwhile, "withdrawal/escape" and "productivity loss" were the symptoms that were most affected by other symptoms in the high-FoMO and low-FoMO groups, respectively. Conclusions The current study therefore sheds light on the changes in social anxiety and PSU symptoms among secondary school students during long-term online learning, as well as the moderating role of FoMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qihui Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyuan Zou
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, South Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College Students' Mental Health Education Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, 100875, China
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Zhang K, Guo H, Zhang X, Yang H, Yuan G, Zhu Z, Lu X, Zhang J, Du J, Shi H, Jin G, Ren J, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Zhang Z. Effects of aerobic exercise or Tai Chi Chuan interventions on problematic mobile phone use and the potential role of intestinal flora: A multi-arm randomized controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:394-407. [PMID: 38218013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic use of mobile phones (PMPU) has been described as a serious public health issue. METHODS This study was a parallel three-arm randomized controlled trial and has completed registration (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05843591). Ninety college students with PMPU were randomly assigned to the aerobic exercise group (AE group, n = 30), the Tai Chi Chuan group (TCC group, n = 30), or the wait-list control group (WLC group, n = 30). At the end of the intervention, stool samples from the study participants were collected for biological analysis based on 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology. The primary outcome was addiction symptoms assessed by the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The secondary outcomes are emotional symptoms, physical symptoms, and flora species. RESULTS Compared with the WLC group, the AE and TCC groups showed reductions in PMPU levels, physical and mental fatigue, but there was no difference between the two groups. Moreover, the effect of increasing self-esteem embodied in the TCC group was not present in the AE group. Compared to the WLC group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides were lower in the AE group, while the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae and Alistipes were lower in the TCC group. And the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroides, and Alistipes were significantly and negatively correlated with the decline in PMPU scores. CONCLUSION AE or TCC is an effective, safe and efficient intervention for college students with PMPU, providing some physiological and psychological benefits and having some impact on their intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Ren
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Yang LL, Guo C, Li GY, Gan KP, Luo JH. Mobile phone addiction and mental health: the roles of sleep quality and perceived social support. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1265400. [PMID: 37809316 PMCID: PMC10556235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1265400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As a global phenomenon, mobile phone addiction has become an increasingly common issue among Chinese university students. Although previous research explored the link between mobile phone addiction and mental health, the possible mechanism underlying the above association is unclear. We administered a cross-sectional survey to 585 participants from two universities in Kunming, southwest China, from October 2021 to January 2022. Our results suggested that mobile phone addiction was negatively associated with mental health, and sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between mobile phone addiction and mental health. Furthermore, perceived social support positively moderated the direct effect of sleep quality on mental health, as well as the indirect effect of mobile phone addiction on mental health. These findings provide a new insight into the underlying mechanism by which mobile phone addiction affects university students' mental health. The results emphasize a necessary task for administrators, health workers, and family members to attach importance to the overuse of mobile phones among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Yang
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Guo
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Geng-Yin Li
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai-Peng Gan
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Huan Luo
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
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Nikolic A, Bukurov B, Kocic I, Vukovic M, Ladjevic N, Vrhovac M, Pavlović Z, Grujicic J, Kisic D, Sipetic S. Smartphone addiction, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1252371. [PMID: 37744504 PMCID: PMC10512032 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1252371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies consistently link excessive smartphone use to poor sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and stress. This study specifically aimed to investigate these associations among medical students in Belgrade and Nis (Central Serbia). Materials and methods The cross-sectional study included a sample of 761 students, who were selected from both the Faculties of Medicine at the University of Belgrade and the University of Nis. Questionnaires, including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version (SAS-SV), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 items (DASS-21), were completed by the participants. Statistical analysis techniques, such as the Chi-square test, student's t-test, and logistic regression, were employed to examine the relationship between smartphone addiction, physical activity, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and stress. Results The findings indicated a prevalence of smartphone addiction among medical students at 21.7%, with rates of 22.9% among males and 21.1% among females. Females exhibited significantly higher scores on the SAS-SV scale compared to males (p = 0.032). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between smartphone addiction and spending over 4 h daily on smartphones (OR = 2.39; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.65; p = 0,005), as well as elevated levels of stress (OR = 1.75; p = 0.003), anxiety (OR = 2.04; p < 0.001), and depression (OR = 2.29; p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis identified spending more than 4 h daily on smartphones (OR = 2.39; p < 0.001) and increased levels of depression (OR = 2.51; p < 0.001) as independent significant factors associated with smartphone addiction. Conclusion This study sheds light on the prevalence of smartphone addiction among medical students, with spending excessive time on smartphones and higher levels of depression standing out as significant factors. Future research should delve into the underlying mechanisms and causal relationships between smartphone addiction and these psychosocial factors. Understanding these connections will aid in developing effective interventions and strategies to tackle this growing public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nikolic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Bukurov
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilija Kocic
- Covid Hospital Krusevac, University Clinical Center of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Milica Vukovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Social Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Ladjevic
- Urology Hospital, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miljana Vrhovac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Pavlović
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Grujicic
- University of Arkansans for Medical Science, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Darija Kisic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Sipetic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Liu Y, Chen J, Chen K, Liu J, Wang W. The associations between academic stress and depression among college students: A moderated chain mediation model of negative affect, sleep quality, and social support. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 239:104014. [PMID: 37633175 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing competition in tight job market and academic excellence as a social norm in Asian culture have made Chinese college students burdened with immense academic stress. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the associations between academic stress and depression, and the mediating roles of negative affect and sleep quality, as well as the moderating role of social support in the relationship between negative affect and sleep quality. METHODOLOGY A convenience sample of 221 male and 479 female college students aged between 17 and 25 completed questionnaires on academic stress, depression, negative affect, sleep quality and social support. RESULTS Results indicated that academic stress could not only directly affect depression (b = 0.31, p < 001), but also affect depression through the mediation role of negative affect and sleep quality. The chain mediating effects includes three paths, namely, the mediating role of negative affect (indirect effect = 0.21, percentage of total effect = 69.58 %), the mediating role of sleep quality (indirect effect = 0.06, percentage of total effect = 21.03 %), and the chain mediating role of negative affect and sleep quality (indirect effect = 0.06, percentage of total effect = 19.86 %). Social support moderated the adverse influence of negative affect on sleep quality. Social support decreases the impact of negative affect on sleep quality. Specifically, the association between negative affect and sleep quality was stronger for college students with low (bsimple = 0.44, p < 0.001) social support than those with high (bsimple = 0.32, p < 0.001) social support. IMPLICATIONS The results advanced our understanding of how academic stress affects college students' depression. These findings provide implications on the cultivation of stress coping strategies, promotion of emotion regulation skills, exaltation of sleep quality, and improvement of the social support level aiming for future depression preventions and interventions. Specific measures include setting up psychological health courses, teaching emotion management strategies, and establishing web-based programme steming from acceptance and commitment therapy. It should be noted that the cross-sectional design means the causal associations among the variables could not be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Liu
- Department of Education Policy and Leadership, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Educational, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Education Policy and Leadership, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Educational Technology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Journalism, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China.
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Yang Y, Luo Y, Chen M, Zhai J. Life Events, Boredom Proneness and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis Based on Latent Growth Modeling (LGM). Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2407-2416. [PMID: 37426385 PMCID: PMC10327903 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s416183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mobile phone addiction has motivated a widespread concern in recent years. From a developmental perspective, this study explored the predictive relations between life events, boredom proneness (BP), and mobile phone addiction tendency (MPAT) among undergraduate students. It also tested the longitudinal mediation of BP between life events and MPAT. Methods Five hundred and eighty-four undergraduate students completed the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, and the Boredom Proneness Scale-Short Form. A longitudinal mediation analysis based on latent growth modeling was conducted to test the hypothesized relationships among life events, BP and MPAT. Results Latent growth modeling (LGM) showed that the BP and MPAT of undergraduate students both increased linearly. A longitudinal model based on LGM showed that negative life events both directly and indirectly affected the initial level and the growth rate of the MPAT through the mediating effect of the initial level of BP. Conclusion These results reveal that negative life events are an indicator of the development of MPAT. It has practical implications for calling for adopting health coping styles when facing negative life events. Supported for reducing college students' boredom proneness in order to lessen the tendency towards mobile phone addiction to improve their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntong Yang
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Luo
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhai
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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Zhu X, Zheng T, Ding L, Zhang X. Exploring associations between eHealth literacy, cyberchondria, online health information seeking and sleep quality among university students: A cross-section study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17521. [PMID: 37408886 PMCID: PMC10319213 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background University students are increasingly inclined to use the Internet for health-related purposes, and their sleep problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Currently, the relationship between sleep quality and online health-related searches is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to exam the associations of sleep quality, Internet use, eHealth literacy, online health information seeking and cyberchondria in the sample of Chinese university students. Methods A total of 2744 students completed self-reported questionnaires online containing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), eHealth Literacy Scale, Online Health Information Seeking, Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) and questions regarding sleep duration, Internet use, health status, and demographic information. Results The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI >7) among the university students was 19.9% and 15.6% students slept less than 7 h per day. As time spent on online daily and playing phone before bed increased, the prevalence of sleep disturbance gained. Sleep disturbance was significantly associated with cyberchondria (OR = 1.545, p = 0.001), health status [good (OR = 0.625, p = 0.039), poor (OR = 3.128, p = 0.010), and fair (OR = 1.932, p = 0.001)]. Sleep quality, online health information seeking and eHealth literacy positively influenced with cyberchondria. Compared to 7-8 h sleep duration, online health information seeking (OR = 0.750, p = 0.012) was significantly associated with ≥8 h sleep duration. Conclusion Our findings highlighted poor health status, too much time spent on online daily and high cyberchondria level might decrease sleep quality in the sample of Chinese university students, further suggesting the need for developing interventions based on online health-related searches for improving sleep quality among university students.
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Zhang J, Yuan G, Guo H, Zhang X, Zhang K, Lu X, Yang H, Zhu Z, Jin G, Shi H, Du J, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Yang L, Zhang Z. Longitudinal association between problematic smartphone use and sleep disorder among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Addict Behav 2023; 144:107715. [PMID: 37059002 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic smartphone use (PSU) and sleep disorders (SD) are common public health problems among college students. While previous cross-sectional studies have found a relationship between PSU and SD, the causal direction of this relationship remains unclear. This study aims to examine the longitudinal changes of PSU and SD during the COVID-19 pandemic, determine the causal relationship between them, and identify confounding factors that affect this association. METHODS The study sample consisted of 1186 Chinese college students (47.7% male) with a mean age of 18.08 years. Participants completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version (SAS-SV) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at both baseline and follow-up surveys, conducted one year apart. The cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) was used to examine the causal relationship between PSU and SD, stratified by gender and duration of daily physical activity. The fixed effect panel regression was used to confirm the findings of CLPM. RESULTS The results of the CLPM analysis showed a significant bidirectional relationship between PSU and SD for the overall sample, which was consistent with the fixed effects model findings. However, subgroup analyses revealed that the bidirectional association disappeared among males or those who engaged in daily physical activity for more than 1 h. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows a significant bidirectional association between PSU and SD, with variations across gender and daily physical activity levels. Encouraging physical activity may serve as a potential intervention to disrupt the bidirectional association between PSU and SD, which has important implications for public health strategies aimed at reducing the negative consequences of PSU and SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Wei XY, Ren L, Jiang HB, Liu C, Wang HX, Geng JY, Gao T, Wang J, Lei L. Does adolescents’ social anxiety trigger problematic smartphone use, or vice versa? A comparison between problematic and unproblematic smartphone users. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Zhang K, Guo H, Wang T, Zhang J, Yuan G, Ren J, Zhang X, Yang H, Lu X, Zhu Z, Du J, Shi H, Jin G, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Zhang Z. A bidirectional association between smartphone addiction and depression among college students: A cross-lagged panel model. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1083856. [PMID: 36761134 PMCID: PMC9902510 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1083856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Smartphone addiction (SA) is associated with adverse consequences, especially for freshmen. Evidence indicates that SA is associated with depression, and it is necessary to conduct a longitudinal study to explore the association further. Methods SA (measured by the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version) and depression (measured by the Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale) among 1,186 freshmen were surveyed at baseline and a respective 12-month follow-up for each participant. The application of a cross-lagged panel model approach (CLPM) revealed an association between SA and depression after adjusting for demographic variables. Results The CLPM results showed a significant path from baseline SA to follow-up depression (β = 0.08, P < 0.001) and a significant path from baseline depression to follow-up SA (β = 0.08, P < 0.001). Compared with the overall cross-lagged model, the cross-lagged coefficient of the path from baseline SA to follow-up depression increased in the female group (β = 0.10, P = 0.015), and the cross-lagged coefficient of the path from baseline depression to follow-up SA also increased significantly (β = 0.15, P < 0.001). In contrast, the cross-lagged model in the male group showed no predictive effect between SA and depression (P > 0.05). Conclusions The current study showed a significant bidirectional association between smartphone addiction and depression among freshmen, but only in the female population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Ren
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Zhihua Zhang ✉
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13
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Karaş H, Küçükparlak İ, Özbek MG, Yılmaz T. Addictive smartphone use in the elderly: relationship with depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:116-125. [PMID: 36366976 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between addictive smartphone use (ASU) and depressive symptoms, anxiety and sleep quality in elderly adults. METHODS The study sample included smartphone users over the age of 65 years. The research data were obtained from social networking sites via a Google survey link. In addition to filling out a sociodemographic data form, the participants were also assessed with Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Geriatric Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index tools. RESULTS The correlation analysis revealed the SAS score to be positively correlated with depression and anxiety, and negatively correlated with sleep quality. In the regression analysis, depressive symptoms, anxiety level and sleep quality were all found to have an effect on the SAS total score. Furthermore, the SAS score was found to have an effect on depressive symptoms, anxiety and sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a bidirectional relationship between ASU and depressive, anxiety symptoms and impaired sleep quality in elderly adults. It is important to question smartphone use patterns in people with sleep problems, symptoms of depression or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Karaş
- Psychology Department, Istanbul Gelişim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Taner Yılmaz
- Psychology Department, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Kim NH, Lee JM, Yang SH, Lee JM. Association between smartphone overdependency and mental health in Korean adolescents during the COVID pandemic; Age-and gender-matched study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1056693. [PMID: 36620253 PMCID: PMC9810752 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1056693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone dependency (SD) and mental health (MH) in adolescents in order to develop and implement plans pertaining to SD control. Methods Raw data from the 16th Online Adolescent Health Behavior Survey in 2020 were analyzed. A total of 482 respondents were selected as study subjects based on their experience of smartphone overdependence (SO), specifically, 241 participants whose score for SO was 37 or higher (Group 2) and age- and gender-matched 241 participants whose score was lower than 10 (Group 1). Results Frequency analysis, cross-tab analysis (χ2 test), and multinomial logistic regression were performed Analysis shows that the MH affecting the increase in SO is the subjective perception of happiness, subjective perception of stress, sadness and despair, and experience of Loneliness. But, the variable affecting the reduction is the subjective evaluation of sleep quality. The likelihood of SO increased as adolescents felt unhappier [Exp (β) = 2.408] and more stressed [Exp (β) = 4.453] and more often felt lonely [Exp (β) = 8.149], but the likelihood decreased as they had neither sufficient nor insufficient sleep duration [Exp (β) = 0.344]. The findings suggest that it is necessary to develop aggressive measures for the prevention and management of MH in adolescents showing SO because mental health is closely linked to SD. In developing the measures, realistic approaches to widely pervasive SO among adolescents should be explored by taking into account MH factors, that is, predictors of SO, and the characteristics of youths, such that they can self-control smartphone use and form desirable life habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hye Kim
- Department of Taekwondo, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - Jae-Moo Lee
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Seo-Hyung Yang
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong-si, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Sports Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea,Department of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea,*Correspondence: Jung-Min Lee
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15
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Liu J, Magielski J, Glenn A, Raine A. The bidirectional relationship between sleep and externalizing behavior: A systematic review. SLEEP EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 2:100039. [PMID: 38405369 PMCID: PMC10888506 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepe.2022.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
It is well-established that sleep and behavior are interrelated. Although studies have investigated this association, not many have evaluated the bidirectional relationship between the two. To our knowledge this is the first systematic review providing a comprehensive analysis of a reciprocal relationship between sleep and externalizing behavior. Five databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were utilized to yield a total of 3,762 studies of which 20 eligible studies, empirical articles examining bidirectionality of sleep and externalizing behavior, were selected for analysis. According to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the varying methodological approaches used in these studies were analyzed and synthesized, including examining differences and similarities in outcomes between distinct study designs (longitudinal vs cross-sectional), sleep measures (objective vs subjective vs a combination of both), informants (parents, self-report, teachers), and recruited participants (clinical, subclinical and typical populations). The assessment of risk of bias and quality of studies was guided by the instruments employed in research on sleep and behavior in the past. This review establishes that a bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and externalizing behavior clearly exists, and identifies limitations in the existing literature. Furthermore, the importance of early interventions that target both externalizing behaviors and sleep problems is highlighted as a potentially effective way of breaking the sleep-externalizing behavior relationship. Nonetheless, causality cannot be claimed until more trials that manipulate sleep and evaluate changes in externalizing behavior are conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- Schools of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6096, United States
| | - Jan Magielski
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - Andrea Glenn
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, AL, United States
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Criminology, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States
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16
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang K, Lu X, Yuan G, Yang H, Guo H, Zhu Z, Wang T, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Yang L, Zhang Z. An updated of meta-analysis on the relationship between mobile phone addiction and sleep disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 305:94-101. [PMID: 35149136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To conduct a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the association between mobile phone addiction (MPA) and sleep disorder (SD) by reviewing current evidence from observational studies. METHODS The meta-analysis was conducted by searching Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of science using a retrieval strategy related to MPA and SD. Pooled Odds ratios and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated by R software using a random effects model. RESULTS 29 studies including a total of 20041 participants were identified. We found that MPA was significantly associated with an increased risk of adolescents having SD (OR = 2.25, 95%CI= 1.72-2.94). Additionally, the findings also demonstrated that weak-to-moderate positive correlations were found between MPA and SD (summary r = 0.30, 95%CI= 0.25-0.34). The meta-regression analysis and subgroup analysis suggested that the geographic location and the measurement of MPA might be the sources of heterogeneity, and the robustness of the findings was confirmed by sensitivity analysis. LIMITATIONS The information collected was self-reported, and the recall bias was inevitable. CONCLUSIONS This study updated the findings of the association between MPA and SD from the previous reviews and was also the first meta-analysis to assess the association between MPA and SD using Odds Radios and correlation coefficients concurrently. The result of this study re-emphasized that paying more attention to the public health concerns of MPA and SD is needed in the future, whether implementation more relevant researches or developing targeted policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Li Y, Wang Z, You W, Liu X. Core self-evaluation, mental health and mobile phone dependence in Chinese high school students: why should we care. Ital J Pediatr 2022; 48:28. [PMID: 35164819 PMCID: PMC8842945 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-022-01217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile phone dependence is a common problem in the population of high school students. We aimed to evaluate the core self-evaluation, mental health and mobile phone dependence in Chinese high school students, to provide reliable evidence to the support of high school students. Methods We conducted a survey of high school students in Xiamen, China. The self-assessment questionnaire on mobile phone use dependence among teenagers (SQAPMPU), Mental Health Scale for Middle School Students (MSSMHS) and Core self-evaluation scale were used to evaluate the mobile phone dependence, mental health and core self-evaluation. t-tests, Pearson correlation and multiple linear stepwise regression analyses were conducted to analyze the potential relationships. Results A total of 1692 students were enrolled. The total score of mobile phone dependence of students in grades 10–12 was higher than that of students in grades 7–9. A total of 329 students in grades 7–9 and 371 students in grades 10–12 had abnormal mental status. The detection rate of psychological abnormalities among students in grades 10–12 was higher than that of students in grades 10–12. Core self-evaluation had significantly negative correlation with various factors of mental health (P < 0.01). The worse the mental health, the higher the degree of mobile phone dependence, core self-evaluation played a mediating role between mental health and mobile phone dependence (8.03%). Conclusions Core self-evaluation is an important factor affecting the mental health of high school students and mobile phone dependence. Educators should strengthen core self-evaluation of high school students to improve the mental health and reduce the mobile phone dependence.
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Acikgoz A, Acikgoz B, Acikgoz O. The effect of internet addiction and smartphone addiction on sleep quality among Turkish adolescents. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12876. [PMID: 35178305 PMCID: PMC8817630 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep quality plays a principal role in the protection of health. There is an increasing number of studies in the literature demonstrating that internet addiction and smartphone addiction impair sleep quality. However, the number of studies on Turkish adolescents is very limited. Therefore, this study examined the effects of internet addiction and smartphone addiction on sleep quality among Turkish adolescents. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 910 adolescents aged 13-18 years. Data were collected with the Short Internet Addiction Test, Smartphone Addiction Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. In addition, a questionnaire was used to gather information about the demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics. Pearson's Chi-square test, Chi-square test for trend, Mann-Whitney U test, logistic regression analysis, and Spearman's correlation analysis were used in the analysis. Results: The sleep quality of 58.7% of the adolescents was poor. Additionally, girls and adolescents ≥16 years old had poor sleep quality. Sleep quality deteriorated as perceived health status and perceived economic status of family deteriorated. Compared to participants with normal internet addiction scores, poor sleep quality was 1.83 (95% CI [1.22-2.74]) times higher in those with problematic internet addiction and 1.99 (95% CI [1.23-3.87]) times higher in those with pathological internet addiction. One point increase in Smartphone Addiction Scale total score increased poor sleep quality 1.01 (95% CI [1.00-1.02]) times. Sleep quality scale were positively correlated with the smartphone addiction and internet addiction. However, there was no positive correlation between habitual sleep efficiency subcomponent of sleep quality and smartphone addiction and internet addiction. Conclusions: Internet addiction and smartphone addiction were associated with poor sleep quality in adolescents. Older adolescents (≥16 years), gender (female), poor health perception, and perception of moderate economic status of the family were other factors associated with poor sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Acikgoz
- Vocational School of Health Services, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Acikgoz
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Osman Acikgoz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
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Wang D, Nie X, Zhang D, Hu Y. The relationship between parental psychological control and problematic smartphone use in early Chinese adolescence: A repeated-measures study at two time-points. Addict Behav 2022; 125:107142. [PMID: 34673361 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the bidirectional relationship between parental psychological control and problematic smartphone use (PSU) in early Chinese adolescence using a two time-points repeated-measures study and explored the role of psychological security and insomnia in the relationship between parental psychological control and subsequent PSU in early adolescence. The sample consisted of 2128 fourth- and fifth-grade students (55.69% male, age = 9 to 13, Mage ± SD = 10.91 ± 0.80) who participated in two measurements and completed questionnaires about parental psychological control, PSU, psychological security and insomnia. The results indicated that: (1) Autoregressive cross-lagged models showed a reciprocal relationship between parental psychological control and PSU severity in early adolescence. (2) Both psychological security and insomnia mediate the link between parental psychological control and subsequent PSU severity. (3) Psychological security and insomnia play serial mediating roles between parental psychological control and subsequent PSU severity. These findings indicate that reducing parental psychological control, boosting psychological security and alleviating insomnia symptoms in adolescents are all conducive to decrease PSU severity in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, China
| | - Xinxiao Nie
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, China
| | - Dexiu Zhang
- Zaozhuang Shizhong Experimental Middle School, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, China.
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Mei S, Hu Y, Wu X, Cao R, Kong Y, Zhang L, Lin X, liu Q, Hu Y, Li L. Health Risks of Mobile Phone Addiction Among College Students in China. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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21
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Zhang X, Gao F, Kang Z, Zhou H, Zhang J, Li J, Yan J, Wang J, Liu H, Wu Q, Liu B. Perceived Academic Stress and Depression: The Mediation Role of Mobile Phone Addiction and Sleep Quality. Front Public Health 2022; 10:760387. [PMID: 35145942 PMCID: PMC8821519 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.760387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although academic stress is a well-known risk factor for students' depression, little is known about the possible psychological mechanisms underlying this association. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression and sleep disturbance among Chinese students, examined the relationship between perceived academic stress and depression, considered if mobile phone addiction and sleep quality is a mediator of this relationship, and tested if mobile phone addiction and sleep quality together play a serial mediating role in the influence of perceived academic stress on depression. METHOD A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students from September to December 2018 in Heilongjiang Province, China. The final analysis included 5,109 students. Mobile phone addiction, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Mobile Phone Addiction Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scales, respectively. The serial mediation model was used to analyse the relationship between perceived academic stress, mobile phone addiction, sleep quality, and depression. RESULTS Among all participants, the prevalence of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance was 28.69 and 27.95%, respectively. High school students showed the highest scores of perceived academic stress (2.68 ± 1.06), and the highest prevalence of depressive symptoms (33.14%) and sleep disturbance (36.47%). The serial mediation model indicated that perceived academic stress was a significant predictor of depression (B = 0.10, SE = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.06 - 0.13). Additionally, mobile phone addiction (B = 0.08, 95% boot CI = 0.06-0.11) and sleep quality (B = 0.27, 95% boot CI = 0.22-0.33) played a mediating role between perceived academic stress and depression. Mobile phone addiction and sleep quality together played a serial mediating role in the influence of perceived academic stress on depression (B = 0.11, 95% boot CI = 0.08-0.14). Furthermore, the indirect effect (i.e., the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and sleep quality) was significant and accounted for 64.01% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS Our research results underscore the need for stakeholders-including family members, educators, and policy makers-to take preventative intervention measures to address depression among Chinese students, especially high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Food Safety and School Health, Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng Kang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongguo Zhou
- Department of Educational Administration, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and School Health, Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Institute of Food Safety and School Health, Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Institute of Food Safety and School Health, Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qunhong Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Department of Elderly Healthcare and Management, School of Health Services and Management, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
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Song Y, Sznajder K, Cui C, Yang Y, Li Y, Yang X. Anxiety and its relationship with sleep disturbance and problematic smartphone use among Chinese medical students during COVID-19 home confinement - A structural equation model analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 296:315-321. [PMID: 34600968 PMCID: PMC8484230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of medical students in China have experienced home confinement and a reliance on online resources to study medicine since the outbreak of COVID-19. More time spent studying online during the COVID-19 pandemic may be a potential risk factor for problematic smartphone use, since smartphones have become the most commonly used device for accessing the internet. The objective of the present study was to explore the association between anxiety, smartphone problematic use and sleep disturbance among medical students during the enforced COVID-19 home confinement. METHODS Altogether, 666 medical students validly answered a self-administered questionnaire, which included the Chinese version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, Smartphone addiction scale - short version, and the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance scale (short form). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were employed to explore the associated factors of anxiety. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test hypothesized associations. RESULTS Anxiety was significantly associated with problematic smartphone use and sleep disturbance among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Problematic smartphone use not only directly affected anxiety, but also exerted a significant indirect effect on anxiety via sleep disturbance. A significant decrease of the path coefficient of problematic smartphone use on anxiety (from β=0.53 to β=0.22, P<0.01) was observed with sleep disturbance being modeled as a mediator. LIMITATIONS Limitations include its cross-sectional design and samples recruited from only one medical school. CONCLUSIONS The detrimental impact of problematic smartphone use and the importance of sleep health on mitigating anxiety should be highlighted and incorporated into medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of English, Institute of Foreign Languages, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Kristin Sznajder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 17033, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Yilong Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Office of Personnel Training and Discipline Research Management, School of Public Health, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoshi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, College of Health Management, China Medical University, 110122, Shenyang, China.
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23
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Li G, Liu H, Qiu C, Tang W. Fear of COVID-19, prolonged smartphone use, sleep disturbances, and depression in the time of COVID-19: A nation-wide survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:971800. [PMID: 36311498 PMCID: PMC9614217 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.971800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of behavioral and psychological effects on the general population. This study examined the relationship between fear of COVID-19, daily smartphone use, sleep disturbance, and depression in the general population during the early stage of COVID-19. METHODS An online nation-wide survey was conducted from March 20 to April 10, 2020. Sociodemographic information, including age, gender, educational attainment, vocation, and duration of self-isolation, was collected; fear of COVID-19 and other objective exposures, daily hours of smartphone use, night sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms were measured with structured questions and PHQ-9. There were 1,280 questionnaires in total, and 1,250 valid questionnaires remained. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep disturbance and depression were found to be 13.1 and 10.7%, respectively. Feelings of extreme fear, longer smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening were significant risk factors for depression. Daily hours of smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening partially mediated the association between feeling extremely scared of the pandemic and depression. CONCLUSION Psychological interventions in a major public health crisis should focus more on the subjective perception of pandemic fear. At the same time, daily smartphone use and sleep disturbances could serve as targets for monitoring and intervention for depression during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqin Li
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Zhao C, Ding N, Yang X, Xu H, Lai X, Tu X, Lv Y, Xu D, Zhang G. Longitudinal Effects of Stressful Life Events on Problematic Smartphone Use and the Mediating Roles of Mental Health Problems in Chinese Undergraduate Students. Front Public Health 2021; 9:752210. [PMID: 34926377 PMCID: PMC8678111 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.752210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: This three-wave longitudinal study investigated the effects of stressful life events on problematic smartphone use and the mediating roles of mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and suicidal ideation) in Chinese undergraduate students. Methods: A total of 197 undergraduate students completed the three-wave surveys. Their severity of stressful life events, mental health problems, and problematic smartphone use were assessed. Results: Regression analyses revealed that stressful life events at T1 was significantly associated with problematic smartphone use at T3. Mediation analyses showed that mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and suicidal ideation) at T2 fully mediated the association between stressful life events at T1 and problematic smartphone use at T3 (B = 0.042, 0.034, and 0.022, respectively). Conclusions: The present study revealed that stressful life events and mental health problems (i.e., depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, and suicidal ideation) are predictors of problematic smartphone use in Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjia Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nani Ding
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Faculty of Medicine, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Lai
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaolian Tu
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yijun Lv
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongwu Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang (P)rovince, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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25
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Cui G, Yin Y, Li S, Chen L, Liu X, Tang K, Li Y. Longitudinal relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students: a cross-lagged panel analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:449. [PMID: 34507561 PMCID: PMC8431882 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have found that problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms are strongly associated. However, studies are inconsistent regarding whether problematic mobile phone use predicts depressive symptoms or vice versa, and sleep factors have been infrequently focused on in this regard. In addition, few studies have examined the longitudinal associations and directions of effects between these factors. Therefore, this study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms in college students. METHODS Overall, 1181 college students completed questionnaires on problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms at two time points 12 months apart. A cross-lagged model was used to examine the longitudinal relationship between these factors. RESULTS Cross-lagged analyses showed significant bidirectional relationships of problematic mobile phone use with bedtime procrastination and depressive symptoms. Additionally, there were also significant bidirectional relationships of sleep quality with bedtime procrastination and depressive symptoms. Problematic mobile phone use predicted subsequent sleep quality one-way, and bedtime procrastination predicted subsequent depressive symptoms one-way. CONCLUSIONS This study further expands our understanding of the longitudinal and bidirectional relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms and helps school mental health educators design targeted interventions to reduce problematic mobile phone use, sleep problems, and depressive symptoms among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Cui
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Yongtian Yin
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Shaojie Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Xinyao Liu
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Kaixuan Tang
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Yawen Li
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
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26
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Reciprocal Relationships between Sleep Problems and Problematic Smartphone Use in Taiwan: Cross-Lagged Panel Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147438. [PMID: 34299887 PMCID: PMC8306125 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have suggested a link between sleep problems and problematic smartphone use. However, the causal relationships between these two variables have not been identified, particularly in adolescence. Utilizing longitudinal panel data from Taiwan, this report examined the temporal relationships between sleep problems and problematic smartphone use among adolescents. One thousand and thirty-nine students (Grades 7-12) were surveyed at two-time points with a 6-month interval. The results of cross-lagged panel analysis showed that sleep problems at Time 1 significantly predicted problematic smartphone use at Time 2. Problematic smartphone use at Time 1 also significantly predicted sleep problems at Time 2. These findings applied to boys and girls and suggested that temporal relationships between sleep problems and problematic smartphone use among teenagers are reciprocal. Accordingly, increasing sleep quality may prevent future problematic smartphone use, while reducing problematic smartphone use may prevent sleep problems in adolescents.
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27
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Diurnal preference and depressive symptomatology: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12003. [PMID: 34099766 PMCID: PMC8184740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Eveningness, a preference for later sleep and rise times, has been associated with a number of negative outcomes in terms of both physical and mental health. A large body of evidence links eveningness to Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, to date, evidence quantifying this association is limited. The current meta-analysis included 43 effect sizes from a total 27,996 participants. Using a random-effects model it was demonstrated that eveningness is associated with a small effect size (Fisher's Z = - 2.4, 95% CI [- 0.27. - 0.21], p < 0.001). Substantial heterogeneity between studies was observed, with meta-regression analyses demonstrating a significant effect of mean age on the association between diurnal preference and depression. There was also evidence of potential publication bias as assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger's test. The association between diurnal preference and depression is small in magnitude and heterogenous. A better understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings linking diurnal preference to depression and suitably powered prospective studies that allow causal inference are required.
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28
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O J, Pugh-Jones C, Clark B, Trott J, Chang L. The Evolutionarily Mismatched Impact of Urbanization on Insomnia Symptoms: a Short Review of the Recent Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:28. [PMID: 33797626 PMCID: PMC8018921 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW For the most part of human existence, individuals have been living a rural lifestyle in a rural setting. However, such sleep-conducive conditions have largely been transformed dramatically by urbanization within a relatively short span of time in recent history, and the resulting evolved mechanisms-environment mismatch is theorized to bring about an increased risk for insomnia symptoms. This brief review of the recent literature is designed to evaluate the veracity of this proposition. RECENT FINDINGS The majority of recent findings have suggested that most proposed evolutionarily mismatched urban factors are indeed related to the presence of insomnia symptoms. However, there is a general paucity of longitudinal evidence (and for some other factors, a lack of enough evidence of any kind). Although there is a preponderance of recent findings indicating a link between evolutionarily mismatched urban phenomena and insomnia symptoms, more longitudinal data are needed before any causative conclusion can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing O
- Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK.
| | | | | | - Jenna Trott
- Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China
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29
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Wu R, Guo L, Rong H, Shi J, Li W, Zhu M, He Y, Wang W, Lu C. The Role of Problematic Smartphone Uses and Psychological Distress in the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Disordered Eating Behaviors Among Chinese College Students. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:793506. [PMID: 34966312 PMCID: PMC8710586 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.793506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep problems and eating disorders (EDs) are both serious public health concerns often seen in young adults. Yet, the underlying mechanisms for such associations are largely unknown. This study aims to examine potential serial multiple mediation effects of problematic smartphone use (PSU) and psychological distress (i.e., depressive and anxiety symptoms) in the relationship between sleep quality and disordered eating behaviors/attitudes (DEBs). Methods: A total of 4,325 students from two Tibet universities in China (2,657 females and 1,668 males) completed an online survey that included the following measurements: Eating Attitude Test-26 for disordered eating behaviors/attitudes, the Chinese Version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI), Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) for problematic smartphone use, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for psychological distress. Results: While the direct path linking sleep quality and DEBs was not found to be significant (Standardized β = 0.006, 95% CI = -0.0667~0.0970), both PSU (Standardized β = 0.016, 95% CI = 0.0256~0.0591) and anxiety symptoms (Standardized β = 0.014, 95% CI = 0.0203~0.0526) may mediate a link between sleep quality and DEBs; serial multiple mediation analysis revealed that a serial indirect pathway of "sleep quality -> PSU -> anxiety symptoms -> DEBs" existed(Standardized β = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.0002~0.0012). Similarly, while the direct path linking sleep quality and DEBs was not found to be significant (Standardized β = 0.006, 95% CI = -0.0667~0.0970), both PSU (Standardized β = 0.020, 95% CI = 0.0337~0.0692) and depressive symptoms (Standardized β = 0.015, 95% CI = 0.0139~0.0652) may mediate a link between sleep quality and DEBs; serial multiple mediation analysis revealed that a serial indirect pathway of "sleep quality -> PSU -> depressive symptoms -> DEBs" existed (Standardized β = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.0006~0.0038). Conclusions: Psychological and behavioral factors may comprehensively work together, leading to flow-on effects from sleep problems to disordered eating behaviors among university students. Appropriate interventions that target problematic smartphone use could thus potentially reduce anxiety and depression levels, which in turn will provide a buffer against the negative impact of poor sleep quality on eating disorder symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Rong
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jingming Shi
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yongjun He
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Wanxin Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Yang C, Chen P, Xie J, He Y, Wang Y, Yang X. Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Depressive Symptoms of Young Adults: Mediating Role of Childhood Trauma. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:706559. [PMID: 34916967 PMCID: PMC8670566 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.706559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that low childhood socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with a high prevalence of depressive symptoms. Childhood trauma, as a potential consequence of low SES, may play an important part, but the mediation effect of childhood trauma remains to be elucidated. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,807 university students. The MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Economic Status-Youth Version, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory were used to measure childhood SES, childhood trauma, and current depressive symptoms, respectively. A structural equation model (SEM) was employed to demonstrate the mediating role of childhood trauma on the association between childhood SES and depressive symptoms. Results: The SEM demonstrated that childhood SES had significant indirect effects upon depressive symptoms via childhood trauma. Childhood trauma accounted for 89.3% of the total effect, indicating a profound mediation effect. Conclusions: The effect of childhood SES on the depressive symptoms of young adults was mediated by childhood trauma, which emphasizes the importance of early prevention and intervention of child neglect/abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiyi Chen
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Xie
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongtong He
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Gaungzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueling Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Gaungzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Ort A, Wirz DS, Fahr A. Is binge-watching addictive? Effects of motives for TV series use on the relationship between excessive media consumption and problematic viewing habits. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 13:100325. [PMID: 33457488 PMCID: PMC7797362 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge-watching frequency and motives explain problematic viewing behaviors. However, binge-watching is not a problematic behavior per se. Frequently bingeing can promote problematic viewing habits. Recreational motifs for binge-watching attenuate indicators for problematic viewing. While social interaction, learning, escapism, loneliness, and stimulation promote them. We hope this is possible. The latter interact with the frequency of use in nurturing the development of problematic habits.
This study investigates the circumstances under which binge-watching can become a problematic behavior. Applying a user-centered perspective, it demonstrates how different motivations to engage in high-dosage TV series consumption influence the occurrence of problematic viewing habits. A quantitative online survey of N = 415 media users with access to at least one streaming service was conducted. The questionnaire assessed current viewing habits, motivations to watch series, and indicators of problematic viewing habits. The results suggest that frequency of use, motives to engage in high dosage viewing sessions, as well as the combined effect of these two factors help to explain problematic viewing behaviors. Moreover, the results give cause to refrain from a generalizing problematization of binge-watching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ort
- Department of Public Health and Medicine, Universität Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - D S Wirz
- Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - A Fahr
- Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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