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Xu C, Li K, Li CJ, Xu H, Sun Y. Covid-19 pandemic, social normative compliance, and sustainable consumption: Evidence from experiments. Soc Sci Med 2024; 351:116952. [PMID: 38749255 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
This research aims to investigate the causal effects of consumers' Covid-19 pandemic experiences on their preferences for sustainable consumption. Drawing on social identity theory, we argue that pandemic experiences heighten consumers' awareness of the importance of adhering to collective social norms, subsequently motivating them to adopt sustainable consumption practices that promote collective interests. Through three preregistered experiments, we demonstrate that: (i) Covid-19 pandemic experiences increase consumers' preferences for sustainable consumption; (ii) this effect is more pronounced for individuals with severer pandemic experiences and females; (iii) pandemic experiences influence sustainable consumption preferences by enhancing consumers' social normative compliance. This study contributes to the understanding of Covid-19's consequences from a micro-level perspective of consumer behavior and offers insights into the factors driving consumers' sustainable consumption preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- International Business School Suzhou, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, No.8 Renai road, SIP, Suzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - KunJing Li
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Hubei University of Economics, No.8 Yangqiaohu Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China.
| | - Chang-Jun Li
- Economics and Management School, Wuhan University, No. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
| | - Hao Xu
- Carson College of Business, Washington State University, 1815 Wilson Rd, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
| | - Yanqi Sun
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, PR China.
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2
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Heino MTJ, Proverbio D, Saurio K, Siegenfeld A, Hankonen N. From a false sense of safety to resilience under uncertainty. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1346542. [PMID: 38860037 PMCID: PMC11164187 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1346542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding and acting upon risk is notably challenging, and navigating complexity with understandings developed for stable environments may inadvertently build a false sense of safety. Neglecting the potential for non-linear change or "black swan" events - highly impactful but uncommon occurrences - may lead to naive optimisation under assumed stability, exposing systems to extreme risks. For instance, loss aversion is seen as a cognitive bias in stable environments, but it can be an evolutionarily advantageous heuristic when complete destruction is possible. This paper advocates for better accounting of non-linear change in decision-making by leveraging insights from complex systems and psychological sciences, which help to identify blindspots in conventional decision-making and to develop risk mitigation plans that are interpreted contextually. In particular, we propose a framework using attractor landscapes to visualize and interpret complex system dynamics. In this context, attractors are states toward which systems naturally evolve, while tipping points - critical thresholds between attractors - can lead to profound, unexpected changes impacting a system's resilience and well-being. We present four generic attractor landscape types that provide a novel lens for viewing risks and opportunities, and serve as decision-making contexts. The main practical contribution is clarifying when to emphasize particular strategies - optimisation, risk mitigation, exploration, or stabilization - within this framework. Context-appropriate decision making should enhance system resilience and mitigate extreme risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti T. J. Heino
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Discipline of Social Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniele Proverbio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Kaisa Saurio
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Nelli Hankonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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3
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Ambrose JW, Catchpole K, Evans HL, Nemeth LS, Layne DM, Nichols M. Healthcare team resilience during COVID-19: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:459. [PMID: 38609968 PMCID: PMC11010334 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience, in the field of Resilience Engineering, has been identified as the ability to maintain the safety and the performance of healthcare systems and is aligned with the resilience potentials of anticipation, monitoring, adaptation, and learning. In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the resilience of US healthcare systems due to the lack of equipment, supply interruptions, and a shortage of personnel. The purpose of this qualitative research was to describe resilience in the healthcare team during the COVID-19 pandemic with the healthcare team situated as a cognizant, singular source of knowledge and defined by its collective identity, purpose, competence, and actions, versus the resilience of an individual or an organization. METHODS We developed a descriptive model which considered the healthcare team as a unified cognizant entity within a system designed for safe patient care. This model combined elements from the Patient Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) and the Advanced Team Decision Making (ADTM) models. Using a qualitative descriptive design and guided by our adapted model, we conducted individual interviews with healthcare team members across the United States. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and extracted codes were organized within the adapted model framework. RESULTS Five themes were identified from the interviews with acute care professionals across the US (N = 22): teamwork in a pressure cooker, consistent with working in a high stress environment; healthcare team cohesion, applying past lessons to present challenges, congruent with transferring past skills to current situations; knowledge gaps, and altruistic behaviors, aligned with sense of duty and personal responsibility to the team. Participants' described how their ability to adapt to their environment was negatively impacted by uncertainty, inconsistent communication of information, and emotions of anxiety, fear, frustration, and stress. Cohesion with co-workers, transferability of skills, and altruistic behavior enhanced healthcare team performance. CONCLUSION Working within the extreme unprecedented circumstances of COVID-19 affected the ability of the healthcare team to anticipate and adapt to the rapidly changing environment. Both team cohesion and altruistic behavior promoted resilience. Our research contributes to a growing understanding of the importance of resilience in the healthcare team. And provides a bridge between individual and organizational resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Ambrose
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Ken Catchpole
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Heather L Evans
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lynne S Nemeth
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Diana M Layne
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Michelle Nichols
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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4
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Au-Yeung T, Philpot R, Stott C, Radburn M, Drury J. Spontaneous public response to a marauding knife attack on the London underground: Sociality, coordination and a repertoire of actions evidenced by CCTV footage. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:767-791. [PMID: 38047586 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Across a range of recent terrorist attacks in the United Kingdom, the question of how crowds behave in confined public space is an important concern. Classical theoretical assumptions are that human behaviour in such contexts is relatively uniform, self-interested and pathological. We contest these assumptions by reporting on a study of public response to a marauding knife attack that occurred on London's underground rail network in 2015. The analysis draws primarily upon footage from 27 CCTV cameras positioned across the station footprint supplemented by social media, news footage, radio logs and incident reports. Using an innovative methodology, we topographically and chronologically mapped behaviours during the incident. The analysis demonstrates that while rapid egressions occurred as the threat escalated, at every phase of the incident members of the public intervened spontaneously with coordinated, purposeful, socially oriented actions. This behavioural pattern contrasts with classical assumptions of a chaotic and apathetic crowd in emergencies. We highlight eight complementary categories of actions in the public response that appeared functional for the collective safety of the crowd during the short period before the police arrived. The policy implications for emergency planning, and the methodological innovations involving the use of video data are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Au-Yeung
- Keele Policing Academic Collaboration (KPAC), School of Psychology, University of Keele, Keele, UK
| | - Richard Philpot
- Department of Psychology, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK
| | - Clifford Stott
- Keele Policing Academic Collaboration (KPAC), School of Psychology, University of Keele, Keele, UK
| | - Matt Radburn
- Keele Policing Academic Collaboration (KPAC), School of Psychology, University of Keele, Keele, UK
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Stolero N, Elkady S, Labaka L, Siman Tov M, Peleg K, Adini B. Do first responders and populations perceive risks similarly? A comparative study of seven countries. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1219927. [PMID: 38274674 PMCID: PMC10809848 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1219927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Risk perception illustrates the subjective evaluation of individuals concerning the characteristics, severity, and capacity to cope with potential hazards. Risk perception influences attitudes and actions individuals take to protect themselves from future threats. Risk perceptions might change among different stakeholder groups such as society and first responders. Identifying risk perceptions of stakeholders is essential to establish effective protective measures. Method This study investigated the commonalities and diversities in risk perception among first responders and the public, within and between seven European and beyond countries. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from both first responders and civilians. They were asked to assess their risk perception level for five categories of risks (Extreme weather-related events, nature-related events, social disruptions, critical services dependencies, and pandemics). Results Using Univariate Analysis of Variance showed disparity concerning both the levels of risk perception between the public and first responders, as well as their relative ranking. For example, concerning extreme weather-related and nature-related events, risk perception levels of the first responders is higher than that of the population in six out of the seven studied countries. In contrast, the population's risk perception is higher compared to the first responders in six out of the seven countries, concerning critical infrastructure dependencies and pandemics. Discussion The relative gaps between the first responders versus the population, within each country, vary considerably. Norway for example presents significant differences between the two internal populations concerning all risks (except for extreme weather), while in Sweden, no significant gaps were identified, concerning all five risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Stolero
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sahar Elkady
- TECNUN—University of Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Leire Labaka
- TECNUN—University of Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maya Siman Tov
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Magen David Adom, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kobi Peleg
- Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- ResWell Research Collaboration on Resilience and Well-Being, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Finell E, Tolvanen A, Shuttleworth I, Durrheim K, Vuorenmaa M. The identification environment matters: Students' social identification, perceived physical school environment, and anxiety - A cross-level interaction model. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:429-452. [PMID: 37747119 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The social identity approach to health argues that well-being depends on the psychosocial circumstances of the groups to which individuals belong. However, little is known about how the average level of identification in the group - 'the identification environment' - buffers the negative health consequences of stressors. We used multilevel modelling to investigate whether identification environment in a school modified the association between the students' perceptions of the quality of their school's physical environment and their reported levels of anxiety. In two representative samples of Finnish school students (N = 678 schools/71,392 students; N = 704 schools/85,989 students), weak identification environment was related to increased anxiety. In addition, in schools where identification environment was weaker, the student level relationship between perceived physical environment and anxiety was stronger, and students were more anxious. Our results provide evidence that identification environment needs to be considered when we analyse how group membership affects well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eerika Finell
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Asko Tolvanen
- Methodology Centre for Human Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ian Shuttleworth
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Kevin Durrheim
- Faculty of Humanities, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maaret Vuorenmaa
- Public Health and Welfare, Knowledge Management and Co-Creation, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Barr D, Drury J, Butler T, Choudhury S, Neville F. Beyond 'stampedes': Towards a new psychology of crowd crush disasters. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:52-69. [PMID: 37387244 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The Bethnal Green tube shelter disaster, in which 173 people died, is a significant event in both history and psychology. While notions of 'panic' and 'stampede' have been discredited in contemporary psychology and disaster research as explanations for crowd crushes, Bethnal Green has been put forward as the exception that proves the rule. Alternative explanations for crushing disasters focus on mismanagement and physical factors, and lack a psychology. We analysed 85 witness statements from the Bethnal Green tragedy to develop a new psychological account of crowd disasters. Contrary to the established view of the Bethnal Green disaster as caused by widespread public overreaction to the sound of rockets, our analysis suggests that public perceptions were contextually calibrated to a situation of genuine threat; that only a small minority misperceived the sound; and that therefore, this cannot account for the surge behaviour in the majority. We develop a new model, in which crowd flight behaviour in response to threat is normatively structured rather than uncontrolled, and in which crowd density combines with both limited information on obstruction and normatively expected ingress behaviour to create a crushing disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dermot Barr
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- School of Justice Studies, Liverpool John Moores University, Merseyside, UK
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Toby Butler
- Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Fergus Neville
- School of Management, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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Medina-Perucha L, Jacques-Aviñó C, López-Jiménez T, Maiz C, Berenguera A. Spanish residents' experiences of care during the first wave of the COVID-19 syndemic: a photo-elicitation study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2172798. [PMID: 36779532 PMCID: PMC9930786 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2172798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of this research was to explore experiences of care during the lockdown of the first wave of COVID-19 syndemic in Spain. METHODS This is a qualitative and explorative study using self-photo-elicitation as a data collection method. Fifteen participants (Twelve women and three men) shared 25 photographs and one video between the June 18 and August, 2020. Participants' photographs and texts were collected online. Data were analysed based on Thematic Analysis. RESULTS Three emerging categories were constructed: 1) the deconstruction of care: self-care and collective care 2) the crisis of care and gendered care, 2) beyond anthropocentrism: animalism and ecology. Findings indicate the need to understand "care" in terms of social reproduction, including self-care, care towards other humans and non-human animals, and collective care. Also, the need to care for planetary health and to be in contact with nature as a form of self-care and social care. CONCLUSIONS Care in a period of social and health crisis puts human relationships and also non-human life at the centre. Care requires adopting taking an ecological one-health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Medina-Perucha
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain
| | - Constanza Jacques-Aviñó
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain,CONTACT Constanza Jacques-Aviñó Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol) Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 587 attic, Barcelona08007, Spain
| | - Tomàs López-Jiménez
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain
| | - Catuxa Maiz
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Berenguera
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain,Departament d’Infermeria, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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9
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Altawili AA, Altawili M, Alwadai AM, Alahmadi AS, Alshehri AMA, Muyini BH, Alshwwaf AR, Almarzooq AM, Alqarni AHA, Alruwili ZAL, Alharbi MM, Alrashed YM, Almuhanna NM. An Exploration of Dietary Strategies for Hypertension Management: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e50130. [PMID: 38186513 PMCID: PMC10771610 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to clarify the influence of various nutritional approaches in the management of hypertension. An extensive search of databases, namely, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science, was performed, covering the period from January 2012 to October 2023. We used keywords, such as "hypertension," "nutrition," "nutritional management," "nutrient intake," "dietary strategies," "DASH diet," "Mediterranean diet," and related terms. Hypertension, a grave global health concern, affects more than one billion people worldwide. Lifestyle modifications, including nutritional strategies, are important in non-pharmacological interventions. Dietary patterns, such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) and Mediterranean diets, which emphasize fruit and vegetable consumption, have demonstrated efficacy in reducing blood pressure. Certain nutrients, such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium, have significant effects on blood pressure. The mechanisms underlying these dietary strategies include vasodilation, improvement in endothelial function, regulation of sodium balance, and mitigation of oxidative stress. However, successful implementation of these strategies can be hindered by various factors, such as adherence challenges, socioeconomic disparities, and cultural preferences. In conclusion, robust evidence supports the effectiveness of nutritional strategies in the management of hypertension. DASH and Mediterranean diets, along with an increased intake of specific nutrients, contribute to blood pressure reduction. Hence, comprehensive lifestyle modifications, with a focus on nutritional changes, are recommended as primary or complementary treatments for hypertension. Addressing the identified barriers could enhance the efficacy and use of these dietary approaches in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullh A Altawili
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Mohammed Altawili
- General Practice, Al Aziziyah Primary Health Care Center, Tabuk, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yahya M Alrashed
- Medical-Surgical Nursing, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
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10
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Robin C, Reynolds R, Lambert H, Hickman M, Rubin GJ, Smith LE, Yardley L, Cai S, Zhang T, Mook P, McManus O, Lasseter G, Compston P, Denford S, Zhang J, Amlôt R, Oliver I. Understanding adherence to self-isolation in the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in England: a cross-sectional mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2074. [PMID: 37872611 PMCID: PMC10594856 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the early "containment" phase of the COVID-19 response in England (January-March 2020), contact tracing was managed by Public Health England (PHE). Adherence to self-isolation during this phase and how people were making those decisions has not previously been determined. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of decisions around adherence to self-isolation during the first phase of the COVID-19 response in England. METHODS A mixed-methods cross sectional study was conducted, including an online survey and qualitative interviews. The overall pattern of adherence was described as never leaving home, leaving home for lower-contact reasons and leaving home for higher-contact reasons. Fisher's exact test was used to test associations between adherence and potentially predictive binary factors. Factors showing evidence of association overall were then considered in relation to the three aspects of adherence individually. Qualitative data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS Of 250 respondents who were advised to self-isolate, 63% reported not leaving home at all during their isolation period, 20% reported leaving only for lower-contact activities (dog walking or exercise) and 16% reported leaving for higher-contact, and therefore higher-risk, reasons. Factors associated with adherence to never going out included: the belief that following isolation advice would save lives, experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, being advised to stay in their room, having help from outside and having regular contact by text message from PHE. Factors associated with non-adherence included being angry about the advice to isolate, being unable to get groceries delivered and concerns about losing touch with friends and family. Interviews highlighted that a sense of duty motivated people to adhere to isolation guidance and where people did leave their homes, these decisions were based on rational calculations of the risk of transmission - people would only leave their homes when they thought they were unlikely to come into contact with others. CONCLUSIONS Understanding adherence to isolation and associated reasoning during the early stages of the pandemic is essential to pandemic preparedness for future emerging infectious disease outbreaks. Individuals make complex decisions around adherence by calibrating transmission risks, therefore treating adherence as binary should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Robin
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Liverpool, L3 1DS, UK.
| | - Rosy Reynolds
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Helen Lambert
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Matthew Hickman
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - G James Rubin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Louise E Smith
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Yardley
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Shenghan Cai
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Piers Mook
- UKHSA, Field Service, Health Protection Operations, London, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Oliver McManus
- UKHSA, Field Service, Health Protection Operations, London, UK
| | - Gemma Lasseter
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Polly Compston
- UKHSA, Field Service, Health Protection Operations, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Denford
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard Amlôt
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK
| | - Isabel Oliver
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- UKHSA, Field Service, Health Protection Operations, Bristol, UK
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11
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Hong Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Su Q. Motivating public health emergency preparedness cooperative behaviors: based on the expectancy disconfirmation model. J Health Organ Manag 2023; ahead-of-print. [PMID: 37723597 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-09-2022-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the expectancy disconfirmation model (EDM) was applied to explain the formation of public health emergency preparedness cooperative behavior (EPCB) as well as considering the roles of official media exposure and positive emotions. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The analysis was based on a sample of 374 respondents collected during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. A t-test was used to examine the differences in variables by sex, age and educational background. Hypothesis testing was conducted using structural equation modeling. Amos 24.0 and R 4.0.3 were used to analyze the data. FINDINGS The results indicated that (1) official media exposure has a positive impact on expectations for and perceived performance of public services, as well as positive emotions; (2) the EDM can be used to explain public satisfaction with government public health services; and (3) public satisfaction and positive emotions have positive effects on EPCB; (4) EDM and positive emotions mediate the relationship between official media exposure and EPCB. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This study provides practical implications for increasing the EPCB from the perspective of risk communication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Zhang
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Zhejiang Institute of Higher Education, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Kordoni A, Gavidia-Calderon C, Levine M, Bennaceur A, Nuseibeh B. " Are we in this together?": embedding social identity detection in drones improves emergency coordination. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1146056. [PMID: 37744604 PMCID: PMC10513421 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1146056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Autonomous systems, such as drones, are critical for emergency mitigation, management, and recovery. They provide situational awareness and deliver communication services which effectively guide emergency responders' decision making. This combination of technology and people comprises a socio-technical system. Yet, focusing on the use of drone technology as a solely operational tool, underplays its potential to enhance coordination between the different agents involved in mass emergencies, both human and non-human. This paper proposes a new methodological approach that capitalizes on social identity principles to enable this coordination in an evacuation operation. In the proposed approach, an adaptive drone uses sensor data to infer the group membership of the survivors it encounters during the operation. A corpus of 200 interactions of survivors' talk during real-life emergencies was computationally classified as being indicative of a shared identity or personal/no identity. This classification model, then, informed a game-theoretic model of human-robot interactions. Bayesian Nash Equilibrium analysis determined the predicted behavior for the human agent and the strategy that the drone needs to adopt to help with survivor evacuation. Using linguistic and synthetic data, we show that the identity-adaptive architecture outperformed two non-adaptive architectures in the number of successful evacuations. The identity-adaptive drone can infer which victims are likely to be helped by survivors and where help from emergency teams is needed. This facilitates effective coordination and adaptive performance. This study shows decision-making can be an emergent capacity that arises from the interactions of both human and non-human agents in a socio-technical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kordoni
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark Levine
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Amel Bennaceur
- School of Computing and Communications, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
- Lero – the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Software, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Bashar Nuseibeh
- School of Computing and Communications, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
- Lero – the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Software, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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13
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Enticott G. 'Good farmers' and 'real vets': social identities, behaviour change and the future of bovine tuberculosis eradication. Ir Vet J 2023; 76:17. [PMID: 37501201 PMCID: PMC10375597 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-023-00245-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper considers the role of social research and human behaviour in attempts to eradicate bTB. Future attempts to eradicate bTB are likely to involve an increasing range of sophisticated technologies. However, the acceptance and use of these technologies is likely to depend on a range of behavioural incentives. The use of appropriate behavioural nudges may facilitate bTB eradication, but the paper contends that of more value are socio-cultural approaches to understanding behaviour. Specifically, the concepts of the 'good farmer' and 'real vets' are discussed to show how bTB eradication is dependent on social identities. In conclusion, the paper outlines four key roles for social research in assisting with future bTB eradication policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Enticott
- School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3WA, Wales.
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14
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Ntontis E, Blackburn AM, Han H, Stöckli S, Milfont TL, Tuominen J, Griffin SM, Ikizer G, Jeftic A, Chrona S, Nasheedha A, Liutsko L, Vestergren S. The effects of secondary stressors, social identity, and social support on perceived stress and resilience: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 88:102007. [PMID: 37041753 PMCID: PMC10079323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Primary stressors are direct outcomes of extreme events (e.g., viruses, floodwater) whereas secondary stressors stem from pre-disaster life circumstances and societal arrangements (e.g., illness, problematic pre-disaster policies) or from inefficient responses to the extreme event. Secondary stressors can cause significant long-term damage to people affected but are also tractable and amenable to change. In this study we explored the association between secondary stressors, social identity processes, social support, and perceived stress and resilience. Pre-registered analyses of data from the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Round II (N = 14,600; 43 countries) show that secondary stressors are positively associated with perceived stress and negatively associated with resilience, even when controlling for the effects of primary stressors. Being a woman or having lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with higher exposure to secondary stressors, higher perceived stress, and lower resilience. Importantly, social identification is positively associated with expected support and with increased resilience and lower perceived stress. However, neither gender, SES, or social identification moderated the relationship between secondary stressors and perceived stress and resilience. In conclusion, systemic reforms and the availability of social support are paramount to reducing the effects of secondary stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Ntontis
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hyemin Han
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, USA
| | - Sabrina Stöckli
- Department of Consumer Behavior, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Business Administration, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jarno Tuominen
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Finland
| | | | - Gözde Ikizer
- Department of Psychology, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Turkey
| | - Alma Jeftic
- Peace Research Institute, International Christian University, Japan
| | - Stavroula Chrona
- Department of Politics, School of Law, Politics and Sociology, University of Sussex, United Kingdom
| | | | - Liudmila Liutsko
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Psychology, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Cocking C, Vestergren S, Ntontis E, Luzynska K. 'All together now': Facilitators and barriers to engagement in mutual aid during the first UK COVID-19 lockdown. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283080. [PMID: 37043513 PMCID: PMC10096193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite undeniable hardship, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic also saw an outpour of community solidarity and mutual aid towards those in need. This study explored why people participated in mutual aid during the pandemic as well as the factors that contributed to continued involvement and/or its decline. We conducted remote interviews with 17 people in South-east England who had been involved in volunteering and local community mutual aid support groups during the first UK lockdown from March to May 2020. Using thematic analysis, we identified two themes: 1) The emergence of social groups and their psychosocial effects, and 2) Enduring connections and barriers to continued participation. Participants often reported an emergent shared identity, preferring the localised nature of these groups and the associated mutual nature of support. They also reported intentions to continue providing such support, should the need arise again, and any barriers to continued involvement in mutual aid were better explained by structural and systemic issues, rather than individual motivational factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cocking
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Vestergren
- School of Psychology, Keele University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Ntontis
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Luzynska
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Haslam C, Bertschy K, Cruwys T, Griffin J, Johnson D. The group mechanism in treatment: group identification and cohesion contributes to reducing chronic lower back pain by increasing personal control. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:1332-1342. [PMID: 35403527 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2057602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is increasing recognition of the contribution that group processes, particularly identification and cohesion, make to outcomes of group delivered health treatments. This study examined the role that these particular group processes play in the treatment of lower back pain, and a theorised mechanism of personal control through which group treatment might enhance outcomes. METHODS Participants (N = 85) elected to either receive NeuroHAB®, a defined functional movement therapy of 8 weeks duration, or continue with treatment-as-usual (TAU). Pain intensity and disability were assessed at baseline (T1) and post-intervention or 8 weeks later (T2), as well as at a 1-month follow-up (T3). Only the NeuroHAB® participants additionally completed weekly questionnaires that measured treatment group identification, cohesion, and personal control. RESULTS NeuroHAB® was significantly more effective than TAU in reducing pain intensity and disability at T2 and T3. Furthermore, among NeuroHAB® recipients, stronger treatment group identification and cohesion early in the program predicted better pain outcomes over time, and this relationship was fully mediated by perceptions of personal control. CONCLUSION These data provide further support for the role of group identification and cohesion as a contributing mechanism of change in group-based treatments and extend this to the domain of pain management.Implications for RehabilitationA focus on defined functional movement therapy, as offered by the NeuroHAB® group program, was found to improve pain outcomes in patients with lower back pain.A key ingredient in the NeuroHAB® rehabilitation program was its group delivery.Group delivery supported treatment group identification and cohesion which, through enhancing the perception of personal control, reduced pain intensity and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Haslam
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kristen Bertschy
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tegan Cruwys
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Joanne Griffin
- Functional Movement Training Centre, St Andrews Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Johnson
- Functional Movement Training Centre, St Andrews Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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17
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Hamer K, McFarland S. The role of early intergroup experiences for identification with all humanity in adulthood. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1042602. [PMID: 37008867 PMCID: PMC10050495 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1042602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification with all humanity (IWAH), defined as a bond with and concern for people all over the world, predicts concern for global problems, commitment to human rights, and prosocial activities. However, it is still unknown how such a broad social identification develops and if early experiences play any role. Two studies explored the role of diverse childhood and adolescence intergroup experiences in predicting IWAH in adulthood. We focused on experiences such as being raised in diversity and having intergroup friends, helping or being helped by various others, and having experiences leading to re- or de-categorization, and introduced a new Childhood/Adolescent Intergroup Experiences (CAIE) scale. Study 1 (N = 313 U.S. students, M age = 21) and Study 2 (N = 1,000, a representative Polish sample, M age = 47) found that this kind of intergroup experiences during childhood and adolescence predicted IWAH beyond the effects of its other known predictors, such as empathy, openness to experience, universalism, right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation or ethnocentrism. These results, obtained on various samples and in countries with different ethno-cultural contexts, point to potential ways of enlarging IWAH during childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Hamer
- Institute of Psychology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sam McFarland
- Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, United States
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18
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Gennaro A, Reho M, Marinaci T, Cordella B, Castiglioni M, Caldiroli CL, Venuleo C. Social Environment and Attitudes toward COVID-19 Anti-Contagious Measures: An Explorative Study from Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3621. [PMID: 36834315 PMCID: PMC9962379 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Social and cultural aspects (i.e., political decision making, discourses in the public sphere, and people's mindsets) played a crucial role in the ways people responded to the COVID-19 pandemic. Framed with the Semiotic-Cultural Psychological Theory (SCPT), the present work aims to explore how individual ways of making sense of their social environment affected individuals' perception of government measures aimed at managing the pandemic and the adherence to such measures. An online survey was administered from January to April 2021 to the Italian population. Retrieved questionnaires (N = 378) were analyzed through a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to detect the factorial dimensions underpinning (dis)similarities in the respondents' ways of interpreting their social environment. Extracted factors were interpreted as markers of Latent Dimensions of Sense (LDSs) organizing respondents' worldviews. Finally, three regression models tested the role of LDSs in supporting the individual satisfaction with the measures adopted to contain the social contagion defined at national level, individual adherence to the containment measures and the perception of the population's adherence to them. Results highlight that all the three measures are associated with a negative view of the social environment characterized by a lack of confidence in public institutions (health system, government), public roles and other people. Findings are discussed on the one hand to shed light on the role of deep-rooted cultural views in defining personal evaluations of government measures and adherence capacity. On the other hand, we suggest that taking into account people's meaning-making can guide public health officials and policy makers to comprehend what favors or hinders adaptive responses to emergencies or social crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gennaro
- Department of Dynamic Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Reho
- Department of Dynamic Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Marinaci
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Salento University, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Barbara Cordella
- Department of Dynamic Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Castiglioni
- Department of Human Sciences “R. Massa”, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Venuleo
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Salento University, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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19
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Kossowska M, Szwed P, Szumowska E, Perek-Białas J, Czernatowicz-Kukuczka A. The role of fear, closeness, and norms in shaping help towards war refugees. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1465. [PMID: 36702839 PMCID: PMC9879956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper investigates the psychological factors associated with the unprecedented assistance that Poles have offered refugees from Ukraine since the outset of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Building on social identity theory, and examining the current social context in Poland, we focus on three social identity dimensions, i.e., a feeling of closeness towards refugees from Ukraine, anticipatory fears (of a Russian invasion), and a community norm of helping. These three dimensions predict collective helping resulting from a sense of a common fate and a feeling of togetherness with Ukrainians. We tested this hypothesis in a study (N = 1066) conducted between 11 and 17 March 2022. Participants were asked about their helping activities during the previous week; they also responded to questions on different measures of social identity processes. The results support our expectations, revealing that closeness, anticipatory fears, and social norms are associated with two forms of help: benevolent and activist. The results of the study contribute to the discussion on social identity processes underlying offers of help to people fleeing from war-zones. Thus, they enhance our understanding of the role of citizens in terms of their contribution to helping refugees, and can be used to improve responses to other humanitarian crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kossowska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paulina Szwed
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Szumowska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Perek-Białas
- Center for Evaluation and Public Policies Analysis, Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Kraków Poland and Warsaw School of Economics, Kraków, Poland
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20
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da Costa S, Páez D, Martí-González M, Díaz V, Bouchat P. Social movements and collective behavior: an integration of meta-analysis and systematic review of social psychology studies. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1096877. [PMID: 37151317 PMCID: PMC10162496 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of social movements (SMs) and collective behavior (CB) supports the relevance of approaching this phenomenon from social psychology. Several systematic reviews (10) and meta-analyses (6) have been carried out in the 21st century, but there is a lack of integration. Aim This study seeks to review the patterns of CB and corroborate the psychosocial factors that explain participation in CB and SMs, as well as the long-term psychological effects of participating in them. Method A systematic search was carried out in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Willey Online Library, EBSCO, and JSTOR for articles dated between 1969 and 2022. We searched for meta-analyses and systematic reviews that empirically evaluated social movements and collective behavior. Of the 494 initial records, after scanning and eligibility phases, 16 meta-analyses and systematic reviews were analyzed in the present work. Results The evidence reviewed shows that participation in collective gatherings and CB are common. A cross-cultural survey suggests that collective gatherings are mostly of a leisure type, to a lesser extent religious and sporting, and to an even lesser extent, demonstrations and large religious rites. World Value surveys found that one to three persons out of 10 participate in protests or CB related to SMs and four out of 10 movements achieved some kind of success. Studies challenged that CBs were characterized by unanimity of beliefs, identification and behavior, generalized excitement, as well as mass panic and riot after catastrophes. Only two out of 10 CB are violent. Meta-analysis and systematic reviews confirm that participation in CB and SMs was associated with (a) intergroup conflict and realistic threat (r = 0.30); (b) positive attitudes, expectations, or agreement with goals or collective motive (r = 0.44); (c) cognitive fraternal relative deprivation (r = 0.25); (d) collective efficacy (r = 0.36); (e) collective identity (r = 0.34); (f) emotions and affective relative deprivation (r = 0.35); (g) moral conviction and threat to moral (r = 0.29); and (h) disagreement with system justification belief (r = -0.26). Participation in successful CB and SMs provokes positive changes in emotions, social identity and social relationships, values and beliefs, and empowerment, as well as negative effects such as depression, stress, burnout, and disempowerment related to the failures of SMs. Conclusion Studies confirm the importance of explanatory factors for SMs, with data from various cultural regions. There is a lack of systematic studies of CB as well as meta-analyses and more culturally diverse studies of the effects of participation in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia da Costa
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
- *Correspondence: Silvia da Costa
| | - Dario Páez
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Social Psychology, University of Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Andrés Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariacarla Martí-González
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Education, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Virginia Díaz
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Social Psychology, University of Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pierre Bouchat
- Laboratoire Perseus, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
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21
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Kinsella EL, Muldoon OT, Lemon S, Stonebridge N, Hughes S, Sumner RC. In it together?: Exploring solidarity with frontline workers in the United Kingdom and Ireland during COVID-19. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 62:241-263. [PMID: 36097335 PMCID: PMC9538398 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The phrase 'in it together' has been used liberally since the outbreak of COVID-19, but the extent that frontline workers felt 'in it together' is not well understood. Here, we consider the factors that built (or eroded) solidarity while working through the pandemic, and how frontline workers navigated their lives through periods of disconnection. Semi-structured interviews with 21 frontline workers, across all sectors, were conducted in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The qualitative data were analysed systematically using reflexive thematic analysis. The three themes identified in the data were: (1) Solidarity as central to frontline experiences; (2) Leadership as absent, shallow and divisive: highlighting 'us-them' distinctions and (3) The rise of 'us' and 'we' among colleagues. Our research offers insights into how frontline workers make sense of their experiences of solidarity and discordance during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, with relevance for government and organizational policy-makers shaping future conditions for frontline workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine L. Kinsella
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues ResearchUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Orla T. Muldoon
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Social Issues ResearchUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Sarah Lemon
- Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of GloucestershireCheltenhamUK
| | - Natasha Stonebridge
- Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of GloucestershireCheltenhamUK
| | - Samantha Hughes
- Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of GloucestershireCheltenhamUK
| | - Rachel C. Sumner
- Health and Human Performance Global AcademyCardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiffUK
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22
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Li M, Leidner B, Hirschberger G, Park J. From Threat to Challenge: Understanding the Impact of Historical Collective Trauma on Contemporary Intergroup Conflict. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2023; 18:190-209. [PMID: 35943827 PMCID: PMC9893309 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221094540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Collective memories of trauma can have profound impact on the affected individuals and communities. In the context of intergroup conflict, in the present article, we propose a novel theoretical framework to understand the long-term impact of historical trauma on contemporary intergroup relations from both victim and perpetrator perspectives. Integrating past research on intergroup conflict and the biopsychosocial model of threat and challenge, we argue that people appraise their group's past victimization and perpetration differently, either as a threat or as a challenge. Shaped by contextual factors and individual differences, these differential appraisals will subsequently influence how group members respond to contemporary intergroup conflict, with both adaptive and maladaptive consequences. This model contributes to unifying the previous research that has shown diverse effects of historical trauma on present-day intergroup dynamics. We present preliminary empirical evidence in support of the framework and discuss its theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods,School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast,Mengyao Li, School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast
| | - Bernhard Leidner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst
| | | | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas
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23
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Kawasaki H, Yamasaki S, Yamashita K, Iki T. Exploring mutual support awareness in Japanese communities: A pilot study. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:105-113. [PMID: 36128933 PMCID: PMC10087162 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to examine life situations and perceptions related to the recognition of mutual support among Japanese people. DESIGN A quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional analysis. SAMPLE Nine hundred and nine participants who provided complete questionnaire responses. MEASUREMENTS As a disaster prevention measure, a community center conducted a "questionnaire survey evaluating the recognition of mutual support and several potentially related factors". In our study, these data from a self-administered questionnaire were used secondarily. RESULTS The perceptions that differed with regard to the sense of mutual support included family structure; satisfaction with support, security, and disaster prevention in the district; being able to ask for help with shopping; closeness of the relationship with one's neighbors; seeing oneself as providing or needing protection; and recognition of existing worries regarding evacuation. In a logistic regression model, the factors predicting the sense of mutual support included being younger than 70 years, being able to ask for help with shopping, and the closeness of the association with one's neighbors. CONCLUSIONS The study identified situations that might predict the sense of mutual support in individuals in Japanese communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kawasaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoko Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotomi Yamashita
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iki
- Faculty of Nursing, Kansai University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Awaji, Japan
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24
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Jacques-Aviñó C, Medina-Perucha L, Young-Silva Y, Granés L, Lòpez-Jiménez T, Berenguera A. [Narratives on changes in health-related behaviours during lockdown in Spain according to gender]. GACETA SANITARIA 2023; 37:102296. [PMID: 36921453 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2023.102296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore experiences related to health-oriented behaviours during lockdown in the Spanish resident population from a gender perspective. METHOD Qualitative research with a critical and feminist approach. Twenty-nine semi-structured interviews (17 women and 12 men) were conducted between June and July 2020 via telephone with people who had previously answered an online survey. The interviews were transcribed and a thematic content analysis was carried out, differentiating between the experiences of women and men. The data were triangulated by the research team. RESULTS Among women, greater diversity emerged in terms of health behaviours. Among them, the difficult experiences related to COVID-19, the complexity of living together and doing unpaid care work, as well as the importance of support networks, stood out. Among men, there were different attitudes towards sport, self-care and having time for healthy eating were positively valued, and there was a good assessment of coexistence and organisation in household chores. In both men and women, work overload and economic problems were related to emotional distress and difficulties in carrying out healthy activities. CONCLUSIONS Health-oriented behaviours during lockdown differed according to gender. They were mostly limited to COVID-19 experiences, socio-economic conditions and burden of care. It is essential to tailor public health and primary care programmes according to people's life moments, taking into account their social context and questioning traditional gender roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Jacques-Aviñó
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), España; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España.
| | - Laura Medina-Perucha
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), España; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España
| | - Yudy Young-Silva
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Girona, Girona, España; Departament d'Infermeria, Universitat de Girona, Girona, España
| | - Laura Granés
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Epidemiología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España
| | - Tomás Lòpez-Jiménez
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), España; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España
| | - Anna Berenguera
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), España; Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), España; Departament d'Infermeria, Universitat de Girona, Girona, España
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25
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Carter H, Dennis A, Williams N, Weston D. Identity-based social support predicts mental and physical health outcomes during COVID-19. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 62:845-865. [PMID: 36372928 PMCID: PMC9877754 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Kingdom implemented physical distancing measures to minimize viral transmission, which may have adversely impacted health and wellbeing. Evidence suggests that social support may be key to mitigating against adverse health impacts of such measures, particularly when such social support is identity-based. In this longitudinal study, we examined the role of social identity and perceived social support in mental and physical health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed a survey at 4 time points during the first year of the pandemic: May/June 2020 (T1; N = 443); September/October 2020 (T2; N = 235); December 2020/January 2021 (T3; N = 243); and April 2021 (T4; N = 206). Results showed that at each time point, social support was predicted by identification with multiple groups before COVID-19, identity continuity, and identification with communities. Higher identity continuity and identification with communities both predicted greater mental and physical health at the same time point, mediated by perceived social support. Interestingly, higher identity continuity and identification with communities predicted higher social support at the same time point, which in turn predicted worse mental and physical health outcomes at the subsequent time point. Findings are discussed in relation to the context of the first year of the pandemic and the changing nature of societal restrictions across the four survey time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Carter
- Behavioural Science and Insights UnitUK Health Security AgencySalisburyUK
| | - Amelia Dennis
- Behavioural Science and Insights UnitUK Health Security AgencySalisburyUK
| | - Natalie Williams
- Behavioural Science and Insights UnitUK Health Security AgencySalisburyUK
| | - Dale Weston
- Behavioural Science and Insights UnitUK Health Security AgencySalisburyUK
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26
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Shukla S, Mishra SK, Agustino RD. Reflection of Types of Prosocial Behavior During COVID-19 in Collectivistic Asian Countries-India and Indonesia. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1993-2005. [PMID: 36177963 PMCID: PMC9527149 DOI: 10.1177/10497323221129260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has widened the gap between victims and non-victims in society. Understanding how individuals support and assist COVID-19 sufferers in a pandemic crisis is critical. Thus, this study aims to qualitatively evaluate the prosocial intention and types of prosocial behavior toward COVID-19 victims by low socioeconomic individuals from India and Indonesia's collectivistic societies. We conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews during the lockdown from March to May 2020, via phone and in-person, using a purposive selection of respondents (total n = 50). The data were analyzed using the qualitative synthesis method. Five themes were discovered: 1) too scared to help, 2) love to help but scared: moral dilemma, 3) informing authority who knows how to handle, 4) caring, sharing, and supporting, but with a distance, and 5) helping at one's personal health risk. This study highlights that prosocial intentions range from minor acts of kindness to self-harm and out-of-bounds acts of kindness for COVID-19 victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanu Shukla
- Indian Institute of Management
Indore, Indore, India
| | | | - Rahmi Dian Agustino
- Josef Korbel School of International
Studies, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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27
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Hall W, Schmader T, Cyr E, Bergsieker H. Collectively constructing Gender-Inclusive work cultures in STEM. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2109294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Hall
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Toni Schmader
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emily Cyr
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Hilary Bergsieker
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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28
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Sisodia R, Jobbins G. Climate change and psychosocial resilience in drylands: the need for more evidence. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 34:520-524. [PMID: 36165759 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2118520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing recognition of the mental health and psychosocial impacts of climate change. Relatively less attention is paid to the psychosocial dimensions of climate resilience, how interplays between psychological and social factors shape the behaviour of people and groups faced with climate shocks and stresses. In drylands of the Global South, farming and pastoralist communities in drylands are exposed to multiple sources of psychosocial stress, including climate change, conflict, political marginalisation, and rapid social and economic transformation. We argue that public policy, projects, and programmes intended to reduce poverty and strengthen climate resilience in these contexts should be aware of their potential to undermine psychosocial climate resilience. However, at present, the evidence base is not sufficient to inform policy or project and programme design; there is an urgent need for more high-quality transdisciplinary research on these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshree Sisodia
- Supporting Pastoralism and Agriculture in Recurrent and Protracted Crises (SPARC), Communications Consultant, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Guy Jobbins
- ODI, Climate and Sustainability, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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29
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Sutar R, Majumdar A, Amudhan S, Satpathy P, Singh V. Disaster and Mental Health Preparedness in India: A Scoping Review. INDIAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Disaster and mental health preparedness are inseparable domains highlighted during all the major disasters in India. To build Disaster-Mental health Preparedness (Disaster MHP), one has to understand the existing strategies, systemic efforts, and ground-level implementation. In this scoping review, we have analyzed the mental health preparedness efforts during major disasters in India. Methodology: We followed the Peters MDJ et al framework for scoping review named ‘Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews. This included the searching relevant articles on PubMed and google Scholar, and concept-context of the review. Results: The review identified major efforts taken during ten disasters in past 40 years and mapping of the potential areas for development of sustainable efforts towards Disaster MHP. Conclusion: This is the first systematic scoping review from India that provides insight into strength and sustainability of disaster mental health preparedness in India. The mapping of the review focuses on the models emerged from Bhopal, Odisha, Tamilnadu and NIMHANS for the future infrastructure, capacity building, and environment required for Disaster-MHP in India.
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30
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Ntontis E, Fernandes-Jesus M, Mao G, Dines T, Kane J, Karakaya J, Perach R, Cocking C, McTague M, Schwarz A, Semlyen J, Drury J. Tracking the nature and trajectory of social support in Facebook mutual aid groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2022; 76:103043. [PMID: 35601394 PMCID: PMC9106594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, thousands of mutual aid groups were established on social media and operated as platforms through which people could offer or request social support. Considering the importance of Facebook mutual aid groups during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom but also the lack of empirical research regarding the trajectories and types of social support rendered available through the groups, our aims in this paper are threefold; first, to examine the trajectory of social support-related activity during the period between March-December 2020; second, to compare offers and requests of support during the peaks of the first and second waves; third to provide a rich analysis of the types of social support that were offered or requested through the online mutual aid groups. Quantitative findings suggest that online social support activity declined soon after the peak of the first pandemic wave and, at least in Facebook mutual aid groups, did not reach the levels observed during the first wave. Also, the number of offers of support during the first wave was higher compared to offers during the second wave, and similar was the case for requests for support. Additionally, offers for support were higher compared to requests for support during both the first and second waves. Finally, qualitative analysis showed that people used the Facebook mutual aid groups to offer and request various types of practical, emotional, and informational support. Limitations as well as implications of our study are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Ntontis
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fernandes-Jesus
- School of Education, Languages and Psychology, York St John University, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Guanlan Mao
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Dines
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, United Kingdom
| | - Jazmin Kane
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua Karakaya
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, United Kingdom
| | - Rotem Perach
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Cocking
- School of Humanities & Applied Social Sciences, University of Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna Schwarz
- The World Food Project, Hot Food for Hollingdean, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Semlyen
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
- NR2 Mutual Aid/COVID-19 Community Response, United Kingdom
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, United Kingdom
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31
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Canada's Colonial Genocide of Indigenous Peoples: A Review of the Psychosocial and Neurobiological Processes Linking Trauma and Intergenerational Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116455. [PMID: 35682038 PMCID: PMC9179992 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The policies and actions that were enacted to colonize Indigenous Peoples in Canada have been described as constituting cultural genocide. When one considers the long-term consequences from the perspective of the social and environmental determinants of health framework, the impacts of such policies on the physical and mental health of Indigenous Peoples go well beyond cultural loss. This paper addresses the impacts of key historical and current Canadian federal policies in relation to the health and well-being of Indigenous Peoples. Far from constituting a mere lesson in history, the connections between colonialist policies and actions on present-day outcomes are evaluated in terms of transgenerational and intergenerational transmission processes, including psychosocial, developmental, environmental, and neurobiological mechanisms and trauma responses. In addition, while colonialist policies have created adverse living conditions for Indigenous Peoples, resilience and the perseverance of many aspects of culture may be maintained through intergenerational processes.
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32
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Këllezi B, Wakefield JRH, Bowe M, Livingstone A, Guxholli A. Communities as conduits of harm: A social identity analysis of appraisal, coping and justice‐seeking in response to historic collective victimization. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mhairi Bowe
- NTU Psychology Nottingham Trent University Nottingham UK
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Ntontis E, Vestergren S, Saavedra P, Neville F, Jurstakova K, Cocking C, Lay S, Drury J, Stott C, Reicher S, Vignoles VL. Is it really "panic buying"? Public perceptions and experiences of extra buying at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264618. [PMID: 35213639 PMCID: PMC8880905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Shopping behaviour in response to extreme events is often characterized as "panic buying" which connotes irrationality and loss of control. However, "panic buying" has been criticized for attributing shopping behaviour to people's alleged psychological frailty while ignoring other psychological and structural factors that might be at play. We report a qualitative exploration of the experiences and understandings of shopping behaviour of members of the public at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 23 participants, we developed three themes. The first theme addresses people's understandings of "panic buying". When participants referred to "panic buying" they meant observed product shortages (rather than the underlying psychological processes that can lead to such behaviours), preparedness behaviours, or emotions such as fear and worry. The second theme focuses on the influence of the media and other people's behaviour in shaping subsequent shopping behaviours. The third theme addresses the meaningful motivations behind increased shopping, which participants described in terms of preparedness; some participants reported increased shopping behaviours as a response to other people stockpiling, to reduce their trips to supermarkets, or to prepare for product shortages and longer stays at home. Overall, despite frequently using the term 'panic', the irrationalist connotations of "panic buying" were largely absent from participants' accounts. Thus, "panic buying" is not a useful concept and should not be used as it constructs expected responses to threat as irrational or pathological. It can also facilitate such behaviours, creating a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Ntontis
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Vestergren
- School of Psychology, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - Patricio Saavedra
- Instituto de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Fergus Neville
- School of Management, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Klara Jurstakova
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Cocking
- School of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Siugmin Lay
- Centro de Medición Mide UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Clifford Stott
- School of Psychology, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Reicher
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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Davis W, Petrovic L, Whalen K, Danna L, Zeigler K, Brewton A, Joseph M, Baker CN, Overstreet S. Centering trauma‐informed approaches in schools within a social justice framework. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Davis
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Lea Petrovic
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Kathleen Whalen
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Laura Danna
- Project Fleur‐de‐lis Mercy Family Center Metairie Louisiana USA
| | - Karaline Zeigler
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Avery Brewton
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Maureen Joseph
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Courtney N. Baker
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
| | - Stacy Overstreet
- Department of Psychology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana USA
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35
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Wakefield JRH, Bowe M, Kellezi B. Who helps and why? A longitudinal exploration of volunteer role identity, between-group closeness, and community identification as predictors of coordinated helping during the COVID-19 pandemic. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 61:907-923. [PMID: 35122285 PMCID: PMC9111824 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mutual aid groups have allowed community members to respond collectively to the COVID-19 pandemic, providing essential support to the vulnerable. While research has begun to explore the benefits of participating in these groups, there is a lack of work investigating who is likely to engage in this form of aid-giving, although early accounts suggest that existing volunteers have played a significant part in the mutual aid phenomena. Taking a social identity approach, the present study sought to identify what social psychological processes predict this continued engagement by exploring predictors of coordinated COVID-19 aid-giving for pre-existing volunteers. A two-wave longitudinal online survey study (N = 214) revealed that volunteer role identity among existing volunteers at T1 (pre-pandemic) was positively associated with volunteer-beneficiary between-group closeness at T1, which in turn was positively associated with community identification at T1. This in turn positively predicted coordinated COVID-19 aid-giving at T2 (3 months later). This paper therefore reveals the intra- and intergroup predictors of pandemic-related coordinated aid-giving in pre-existing volunteers. Implications for voluntary organisations and emergency voluntary aid provision are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mhairi Bowe
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Blerina Kellezi
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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36
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Roblain A, Gale J, Abboud S, Arnal C, Bornand T, Hanioti M, Klein O, Klein PPLE, Lastrego S, Licata L, Mora YL, Nera K, Van der Linden N, Van Oost P, Toma C. Social control and solidarity during the
COVID
‐19 pandemic: The direct and indirect effects of causal attribution of insufficient compliance through perceived anomie. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 32:963-973. [PMID: 35463457 PMCID: PMC9015481 DOI: 10.1002/casp.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID‐19 pandemic is a crisis which called for two crucial modes of social regulation: social control and social solidarity. In the present pre‐registered study, we examine how the perceived non‐compliance with health measures relates to attitudes towards these modes of social regulation, as well as to the role played by the perception of disintegrated and disregulated society (anomie). Using data from an online cross‐sectional survey conducted in Belgium in April 2020 (N = 717), results show that the causal attribution of the crisis to insufficient compliance was differentially associated with support for social control and social solidarity behaviours. Specifically, greater attribution to insufficient compliance was associated with a perceived breakdown in the social fabric (disintegration), which explained stronger support for social control and fewer solidarity‐based actions. Perceived disregulation, conversely, was associated with less support for social control and more support for social solidarity. Therefore, the perception of the pandemic and associated perceived anomie tend to polarize citizens' attitudes towards these two modes of social regulation. In this way, prosocial behaviours might be inhibited by communications that attribute the pandemic's causes to incivility. Other implications of our findings for the social psychological literature on communities' reactions to the pandemic are discussed. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Roblain
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Jessica Gale
- Department of Pyschology University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Soha Abboud
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Camila Arnal
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Thierry Bornand
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Mado Hanioti
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Olivier Klein
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Pit P. L. E. Klein
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Simona Lastrego
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Laurent Licata
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Youri L. Mora
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Kenzo Nera
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Nicolas Van der Linden
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Pascaline Van Oost
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute Université Catholique de Louvain Ottignies‐Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Claudia Toma
- Center for Social and Cultural Psychology Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium
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Chung S, Lee T, Hong Y, Ahmed O, Silva WAD, Gouin JP. Viral Anxiety Mediates the Influence of Intolerance of Uncertainty on Adherence to Physical Distancing Among Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:839656. [PMID: 35733798 PMCID: PMC9207240 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.839656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were to examine the mediation effect of viral anxiety of healthcare workers on the influence of their intolerance of uncertainty on the adherence to physical distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online survey was conducted among 329 healthcare workers (female: 81.4%, nursing professionals: 59.0%, and shift workers: 22.3%) on November 29, 2021. Participants responded to questionnaires on adherence to physical distancing, health beliefs, and perceived social norms, and rating scales of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), and the Intolerance of Uncertainty-12 items (IUS-12) scale. RESULTS Adherence to physical distancing of healthcare workers was predicted by perceived benefits of physical distancing (β = 0.13, p = 0.01), personal injunctive norms (β = 0.32, p < 0.001), SAVE-6 score (β = 0.13, p = 0.02), and IUS-12 score (β = 0.10, p = 0.045) (adjusted R2 = 0.21, F = 22.3, p < 0.001). Viral anxiety mediated the association between intolerance of uncertainty and adherence to physical distancing but not the influence of perceived benefits and personal injunctive norms on adherence to physical distancing. CONCLUSION We observed that viral anxiety of healthcare workers mediated the association between intolerance of uncertainty and adherence to physical distancing. During this pandemic, exploring adherence to physical distancing and its predicting factors will be helpful for the safety of healthcare workers and the patients for whom they care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taeyeop Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youjin Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Oli Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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38
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Tanjitpiyanond P, Álvarez B, Jetten J, Bentley SV, Casara BGS, Crimston CR, Ionescu O, Jarukasemthawee S, Krug H, Selvanathan HP, Steffens NK, Wang Z, Wibisono S. Unlocking collective cooperation in the midst of COVID-19: The role of social support in predicting the social class disparity in cooperation. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 61:940-951. [PMID: 34927256 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether (the lack of) social support can explain why researchers have found lower rates of adherence to follow public health guidelines amongst people who perceived themselves as coming from lower social class backgrounds during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do this, we surveyed 5818 participants from 10 countries during the first wave of lock-down. Contrary to previous findings, social class was not related to general adherence to COVID-19 regulations or desire to engage in citizenship behaviours (e.g., showing initiatives to help others during the pandemic). However, we found evidence of an indirect effect whereby those who perceived themselves as higher social class were more likely to be both the recipient and provider of social support which in turn predicted greater adherence and desire to engage in citizenship behaviours during the earlier wave of the pandemic. Our findings highlight the importance of social support in unlocking potential for collective cooperation (i.e., adherence to COVID-19 rules and desire to engage in citizenship behaviours). They suggest that instead of enforcing strict regulations, government authorities need to address existing social support barriers within lower income communities to facilitate cooperation from everyone in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belén Álvarez
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jolanda Jetten
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah V Bentley
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Charlie R Crimston
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Octavia Ionescu
- Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale, Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint Denis, Saint Denis, France
| | - Somboon Jarukasemthawee
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Henning Krug
- Faculty of Psychology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Niklas K Steffens
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zhechen Wang
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Susilo Wibisono
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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de Ridder D, Aarts H, Benjamins J, Glebbeek M, Leplaa H, Leseman P, Potgieter R, Tummers L, Zondervan‐Zwijnenburg M. “Keep your distance for me”: A field experiment on empathy prompts to promote distancing during the
COVID
‐19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 32:755-766. [PMID: 35463459 PMCID: PMC9015613 DOI: 10.1002/casp.2593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID‐19 has turned out to be a major challenge to societies all over the globe. Curbing the pandemic requires rapid and extensive behavioural change to limit social interaction, including physical distancing. In this study, we tested the notion that inducing empathy for people vulnerable to the virus may result in actual distancing behaviour beyond the mere motivation to do so. In a large field experiment with a sequential case–control design, we found that (a) empathy prompts may increase distancing as assessed by camera recordings and (b) effectiveness of prompts depends on the dynamics of the pandemic and associated public health policies. In sum, the present study demonstrates the potential of empathy‐generating interventions to promote pro‐social behaviour and emphasizes the necessity of field experiments to assess the role of context before advising policy makers to implement measures derived from behavioural science. Please refer to Supplementary Material to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise de Ridder
- Department of Social Health & Organizational Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Henk Aarts
- Department of Social Health & Organizational Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Benjamins
- Department of Social Health & Organizational Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Psychology Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | | | - Hidde Leplaa
- Department of Methods & Statistics Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Paul Leseman
- Department of Education Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Renske Potgieter
- Department of Social Health & Organizational Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Lars Tummers
- Utrecht School of Governance, Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
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40
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Mao G, Drury J, Fernandes‐Jesus M, Ntontis E. How participation in Covid-19 mutual aid groups affects subjective well-being and how political identity moderates these effects. ANALYSES OF SOCIAL ISSUES AND PUBLIC POLICY : ASAP 2021; 21:1082-1112. [PMID: 34899075 PMCID: PMC8652987 DOI: 10.1111/asap.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutual aid groups have flourished during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, a major challenge is sustaining such groups, which tend to decline following the initial upsurge immediately after emergencies. The present study investigates one possible motivation for continued participation: the well-being benefits associated with psychological membership of groups, as suggested by the "social cure" approach. Interviews were conducted with 11 volunteers in a mutual aid group organized by ACORN, a community union and anti-poverty campaigning organization. Through qualitative analysis, we show that participation provided well-being in different ways: positive emotional experiences, increased engagement in life, improved social relationships, and greater sense of control. Participants also reported some negative emotional experiences. While all interviewees experienced benefits from participation, those who viewed their participation through a political lens were able to experience additional benefits such as feelings of empowerment. Moreover, the benefits conferred by a shared political identity appeared to be qualitatively different from the benefits conferred by other forms of shared identity. The interview data is used to hypothesize an overall process by which participants may come to attain a political identity via mutual aid. These findings have implications for how such groups retain their members and how authorities support these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlan Mao
- University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - John Drury
- University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fernandes‐Jesus
- University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- York St John University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Ntontis
- Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom
- The Open University, Milton Keynes, United KingomUK
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41
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Tekin S, Sager M, Bushey A, Deng Y, Uluğ ÖM. How do people support each other in emergencies? A qualitative exploration of altruistic and prosocial behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. ANALYSES OF SOCIAL ISSUES AND PUBLIC POLICY : ASAP 2021; 21:1113-1140. [PMID: 34899076 PMCID: PMC8653327 DOI: 10.1111/asap.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Ball State University Center for Peace and Conflict Studies in the United States has compiled altruistic stories from different countries such as India, Australia, the United States, and England since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined those stories to understand (1) who receives the most support, (2) what type of support is provided, (3) who those supporters are, and (4) why people support each other during the pandemic. Conducting a qualitative content analysis of 104 altruistic stories, we first identified that (a) older individuals , (b) people with sensitive health conditions, and disabilities, (c) frontline workers, and (d) working class and marginalized communities received the primary support. Second, we identified three types of support: (a) material, (b) social/emotional, and (c) psychological. Third, we found that support was coming from (a) different organizations, (b) advantaged groups, and (c) volunteers. Last, (a) sharing a community/humanity identity, (b) allyship, and (c) showing gratitude were the reasons behind altruistic and prosocial behavior. Our findings contribute to the literature by providing some possible reasons and ways that allies have supported disadvantaged communities via sharing the available resources and how showing gratitude can be a reason for altruism and prosocial behavior in a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yawen Deng
- Clark UniversityWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
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Fernandes-Jesus M, Mao G, Ntontis E, Cocking C, McTague M, Schwarz A, Semlyen J, Drury J. More Than a COVID-19 Response: Sustaining Mutual Aid Groups During and Beyond the Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:716202. [PMID: 34744875 PMCID: PMC8563598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutual aid groups have been an indispensable part of the public response to the COVID-19 pandemic. They have provided many forms of support, in particular grocery shopping which has enabled people to self-isolate if required. While community solidarity during emergencies and disasters is common, previous studies have shown that such solidarity behaviors tend to decline over time, even when needs remain high. In this study, we address how mutual aid groups can be sustained over time in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted 32 interviews with organizers of COVID-19 mutual aid and community support groups in the United Kingdom between September 2020 and January 2021. Based on a reflexive thematic analysis, we identified several community and group level experiences and strategies that were related to sustained participation in COVID-19 mutual aid groups. Meeting community needs over time with localized action and resources and building trust and community-based alliances were foundational elements in the COVID-19 mutual aid groups. Group processes strategies, such as a culture of care and support and regular group meetings, were used to help to sustain involvement. Some experiences resulting from participation in COVID-19 mutual aid groups were also related to sustained participation, including positive emotions (e.g., joy, pride), well-being and sense of efficacy, and an increasing sense of local community belonging and cohesion. Based on these findings, we propose four practical recommendations for sustaining mutual aid groups to assist public engagement with protective behaviors in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. We recommend providing practical and financial support to COVID-19 mutual aid groups; to mobilize the knowledge and the experiences acquired by COVID-19 mutual aid groups for developing programs and interventions for addressing the medium and long-term impacts of COVID-19; to prioritize community-level interventions; and to recognize the role of group processes as these have the potential to lead to long-term community responses. These approaches will be key for ensuring that communities effectively recover from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernandes-Jesus
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- School of Education, Language and Psychology, York St John University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Guanlan Mao
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Ntontis
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Cocking
- School of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna Schwarz
- The World Food Project, Hot Food for Hollingdean, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Semlyen
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- NR2 Mutual Aid/COVID-19 Community Response, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
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43
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Fernandes-Jesus M, Mao G, Ntontis E, Cocking C, McTague M, Schwarz A, Semlyen J, Drury J. More Than a COVID-19 Response: Sustaining Mutual Aid Groups During and Beyond the Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:716202. [PMID: 34744875 DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/p5sfd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutual aid groups have been an indispensable part of the public response to the COVID-19 pandemic. They have provided many forms of support, in particular grocery shopping which has enabled people to self-isolate if required. While community solidarity during emergencies and disasters is common, previous studies have shown that such solidarity behaviors tend to decline over time, even when needs remain high. In this study, we address how mutual aid groups can be sustained over time in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted 32 interviews with organizers of COVID-19 mutual aid and community support groups in the United Kingdom between September 2020 and January 2021. Based on a reflexive thematic analysis, we identified several community and group level experiences and strategies that were related to sustained participation in COVID-19 mutual aid groups. Meeting community needs over time with localized action and resources and building trust and community-based alliances were foundational elements in the COVID-19 mutual aid groups. Group processes strategies, such as a culture of care and support and regular group meetings, were used to help to sustain involvement. Some experiences resulting from participation in COVID-19 mutual aid groups were also related to sustained participation, including positive emotions (e.g., joy, pride), well-being and sense of efficacy, and an increasing sense of local community belonging and cohesion. Based on these findings, we propose four practical recommendations for sustaining mutual aid groups to assist public engagement with protective behaviors in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. We recommend providing practical and financial support to COVID-19 mutual aid groups; to mobilize the knowledge and the experiences acquired by COVID-19 mutual aid groups for developing programs and interventions for addressing the medium and long-term impacts of COVID-19; to prioritize community-level interventions; and to recognize the role of group processes as these have the potential to lead to long-term community responses. These approaches will be key for ensuring that communities effectively recover from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernandes-Jesus
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- School of Education, Language and Psychology, York St John University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Guanlan Mao
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Ntontis
- School of Psychology and Counselling, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Cocking
- School of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anna Schwarz
- The World Food Project, Hot Food for Hollingdean, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Semlyen
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
- NR2 Mutual Aid/COVID-19 Community Response, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
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44
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Öztürk Çopur E, Karasu F. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life and depression, anxiety, and stress levels of individuals above the age of eighteen. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1645-1655. [PMID: 33512758 PMCID: PMC8014617 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life and the depression, anxiety, and stress levels of individuals above the age of eighteen. DESIGN AND METHODS This study used the snowball method. Data were collected using the sociodemographic question form, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21, and the SF-12 Life Quality Scale. FINDINGS A statistically significant relationship (p < .05) was measured between age, gender, health condition, concomitant chronic and mental disease, fear of the COVID-19 pandemic, home confinement in this particular period, and the need for psychological support as well as mean scores of Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21, and SF-12 Life Quality Scale. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Against the likelihood of facing new pandemics in the future, a guideline could be planned to protect and improve prospective the psychosocial wellness of individuals and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Öztürk Çopur
- Department of Nursing, Yusuf Şerefoğlu Health Sciences Faculty, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
| | - Fatma Karasu
- Department of Nursing, Yusuf Şerefoğlu Health Sciences Faculty, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
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45
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Vignoles VL, Jaser Z, Taylor F, Ntontis E. Harnessing Shared Identities to Mobilize Resilient Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:817-826. [PMID: 33821062 PMCID: PMC8013210 DOI: 10.1111/pops.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Shared social identifications (family, community, nation, humanity) predict normative actions and psychological well-being and can be invoked discursively by leaders to mobilize their followers. We illustrate the potential for harnessing shared identities to mobilize resilient public responses against COVID-19. Study 1 explored which patterns of social identification predicted protective behaviors (personal hygiene, physical distancing), prosocial actions (helping proximal and distal others), and psychological well-being (mental well-being, depressive symptoms, anxiety) among 560 U.K. adults surveyed during lockdown. Study 2 contrasted Prime Minister Ardern's use of identity-based rhetoric to mobilize New Zealanders, with Prime Minister Johnson's use of individualistic appeals to the U.K. public. Our findings suggest how political leaders might beneficially use social identities in communications about extreme events.
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46
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Vignoles VL, Jaser Z, Taylor F, Ntontis E. Harnessing Shared Identities to Mobilize Resilient Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:817-826. [PMID: 33821062 DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/g9q5u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Shared social identifications (family, community, nation, humanity) predict normative actions and psychological well-being and can be invoked discursively by leaders to mobilize their followers. We illustrate the potential for harnessing shared identities to mobilize resilient public responses against COVID-19. Study 1 explored which patterns of social identification predicted protective behaviors (personal hygiene, physical distancing), prosocial actions (helping proximal and distal others), and psychological well-being (mental well-being, depressive symptoms, anxiety) among 560 U.K. adults surveyed during lockdown. Study 2 contrasted Prime Minister Ardern's use of identity-based rhetoric to mobilize New Zealanders, with Prime Minister Johnson's use of individualistic appeals to the U.K. public. Our findings suggest how political leaders might beneficially use social identities in communications about extreme events.
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47
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Haslam C, Latilla T, Muldoon OT, Cruwys T, Kearns M. Multiple group membership supports resilience and growth in response to violence and abuse. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Haslam
- School of Psychology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Tatiana Latilla
- School of Psychology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Melbourne DBT Centre Melbourne Queensland Australia
| | - Orla T. Muldoon
- Department of Psychology University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Centre for Social Issues Research University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
| | - Tegan Cruwys
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Michelle Kearns
- Department of Psychology University of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Wicklow Ireland
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48
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Effect of COVID-19 on mental health among the young population in Lebanon. Encephale 2021; 48:371-382. [PMID: 34583829 PMCID: PMC8426189 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has raised worldwide public health concerns. The wide spread of the virus has led to unprecedented disturbance to regular life for people around the globe and impacted their mental health. Aims The aims of the current study were to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms related to insomnia, depression, and anxiety, and identify risk factors contributing to psychological stress in Lebanese young population during COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional study was done on the Lebanese young population. Participants were 4397 males and females aged 18 to 35 years who filled a self-administered online questionnaire. Three validated scales were used to measure the mental health status of the participants during the COVID-19 pandemic: 7-item Insomnia Severity Index for insomnia, the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression module for depression, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale for anxiety. Results The median interquartile range scores for anxiety, insomnia, and depression, were 8 (4–13), 10 (5–14), and 9 (5–12) respectively. Higher anxiety scores were reported with female gender (P < 0.001) and alcohol usage (P = 0.04). Moderate to severe insomnia was associated with single (P = 0.02) and divorced marital status (P = 0.003), university education (P < 0.001), consumption of caffeinated beverages (P = 0.02) and energy drinks (P = 0.03). Higher depression scores were associated with status of being the only person working at home (P = 0.01), family income more than 500 USD (P = 0.008), multiple insurance plans (P = 0.01), and contact with a confirmed COVID-19 case (P = 0.01). Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrate the considerable impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on Lebanese young population's mental status such as anxiety, depression and insomnia. Further follow-up studies are warranted to assess the long-term mental effects that can be imposed by the pandemic.
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Marinaci T, Venuleo C, Gennaro A, Sammut G. Making sense of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative longitudinal study investigating the first and second wave in Italy. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07891. [PMID: 34493989 PMCID: PMC8413190 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic further highlighted the crucial role of people's compliance for the success of measures designed to protect public health. Within the frame of Semiotic Cultural Psycho-social Theory, we discuss how the analysis of people's ways of making sense of the crisis scenario can help to identify the resources or constraints underlying the ways the citizens evaluate and comply with the anti-covid measures. This study aimed to examine how Italian adults interpreted what was happening in the first wave of the pandemic and how the interpretation varied in the period up to the beginning of the second wave. Diaries were collected for six months, from 11 April to 3 November 2020. Participants were periodically asked to talk about their life 'in the last few weeks'. A total number of 606 diaries were collected. The Automated Method for Content Analysis (ACASM) procedure was applied to the texts to detect the factorial dimensions - interpreted as the markers of latent dimensions of meanings- underpinning (dis)similarities in the respondents' discourses. ANOVA were applied to examine the dissimilarities in the association between factorial dimensions and production time. Findings show that significant transitions occurred over time in the main dimensions of meaning identified. Whereas the first phase was characterized by a focus on one's own daily life and the attempt to make sense of the changes occurring in the personal sphere, in the following phases the socio-economic impact of the crisis was brought to the fore, along with the hope to returning to the "normality" of the pre-rupture scenario. We argued that, despite the differences, a low sense of the interweaving between the personal and public sphere emerged in the accounts of the pandemic crisis throughout the sixth months considered; a split that, we speculate, can explain the "free for all" movement that occurred at the end of the first wave and the beginning of the second wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Marinaci
- Laboratory of Applied Psychology and Intervention, Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Claudia Venuleo
- Laboratory of Applied Psychology and Intervention, Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gennaro
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gordon Sammut
- Department of Psychology, University of Malta, Malta
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Carter H, Weston D, Greenberg N, Oliver I, Robin C, Rubin GJ, Wessely S, Gauntlett L, Amlot R. Experiences of supported isolation in returning travellers during the early COVID-19 response: a qualitative interview study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050405. [PMID: 34301664 PMCID: PMC8313304 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To understand the experiences and perceptions of those who underwent supported isolation, particularly in relation to factors that were associated with improved compliance and well-being; (2) to inform recommendations for the management of similar supported isolation procedures. DESIGN We carried out a qualitative study using semistructured interviews to capture participants' experiences and perceptions of supported isolation. Data were analysed using the framework approach, a type of thematic analysis that is commonly used in research that has implications for policy. SETTING Telephone interviews carried out within approximately 1 month of an individual leaving supported isolation. PARTICIPANTS 26 people who underwent supported isolation at either Arrowe Park Hospital (n=18) or Kents Hill Park Conference Centre (n=8) after being repatriated from Wuhan in January to February 2020. RESULTS Six key themes were identified: factors affecting compliance with supported isolation; risk perceptions around catching COVID-19; management of supported isolation; communication with those outside supported isolation; relationship with others in supported isolation; and feelings on leaving supported isolation. Participants were willing to undergo supported isolation because they understood that it would protect themselves and others. Positive treatment by staff was fundamental to participants' willingness to comply with isolation procedures. Despite the high level of compliance, participants expressed some uncertainty about what the process would involve. CONCLUSIONS As hotel quarantine is introduced across the UK for international arrivals, our findings suggest that those in charge should: communicate effectively before, during and after quarantine, emphasising why quarantine is important and how it will protect others; avoid coercion if possible and focus on supporting and promoting voluntary compliance; facilitate shared social experiences for those in quarantine; and ensure all necessary supplies are provided. Doing so is likely to increase adherence and reduce any negative effects on well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Carter
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Dale Weston
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Neil Greenberg
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Weston Education Centre, London, UK
| | - Isabel Oliver
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Bristol, UK
| | - Charlotte Robin
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - G James Rubin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Weston Education Centre, London, UK
| | - Simon Wessely
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Weston Education Centre, London, UK
| | - Louis Gauntlett
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Richard Amlot
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
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