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Zeng X, Li Y, Li P, Zhao J, Li X, Wang X, Liu B, Ni L, Li H, Xi Y, Li J. Encapsulation of roast beef flavor by soy protein isolate/chitosan complex Pickering emulsions to improve its releasing properties during the processing of plant-based meat analogues. Food Chem 2024; 450:139313. [PMID: 38688228 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
During the production of plant-based meat analogues (PBMA), a significant loss of flavor characteristic compounds in meat-flavor essences could be observed. Pickering emulsion-based encapsulation is an effective method to improve their stability. Therefore, a soy protein isolate (SPI)/chitosan (CS) complex Pickering emulsion was fabricated to encapsulate roast beef flavor (RBF) and further applied in the processing of PBMA. Our results indicated that the network structure of emulsions was dominated by elasticity, while hydrogen and covalent bonding interactions played important roles in the encapsulation process. The release rate of flavor compounds gradually increased with the increase of pH value, glutamine transaminase, NaCl content, heating temperature or heating time, while encapsulation significantly reduced the loss of characteristic aroma compounds. In addition, the releasing characteristics of aroma compounds and textural properties of PBMA were greatly improved by treating with RBF-loaded emulsions. Consequently, the emulsions were promising to improve the flavor quality of PBMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangquan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Pan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jinling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xuejie Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xuzeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bangdi Liu
- Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Primary Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Laixue Ni
- Linyi Jinluo Win Ray Food, Co. Ltd., Linyi 276036, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yu Xi
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Processing Technology for Plant-based Food of China National Light Industry Council, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Technology and Business University, Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Chong Y, Yu D, Han R, Li Y, Gu Y, Lu Z, Nie F, Wang L, Cui H. Preparation of Luvangetin Nanoemulsions: Antimicrobial Mechanism and Role in Infected Wound Healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5493-5509. [PMID: 38882542 PMCID: PMC11178095 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s457322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Incorporation of luvangetin in nanoemulsions for antimicrobial and therapeutic use in infected wound healing. Patients and Methods Luvangetin nanoemulsions were prepared by high-speed shear method and characterized based on their appearance structure, average droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), electric potential, storage stability. Optimized formulation of luvangetin nanoemulsion by Box-Behnken design (BBD). The antimicrobial activity and antimicrobial mechanism of luvangetin nanoemulsions against common hospital pathogens, ie, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), were investigated using luvangetin nanoemulsions. The biosafety of luvangetin nanoemulsion was evaluated through cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay experiments using human normal epidermal cells and endothelial cells. Finally, the effect of luvangetin nanoemulsion on healing of infected wounds was investigated in B6 mice. Results Luvangetin nanoemulsion formulation consists of 2.5% sunflower seed oil, 10% emulsifier Span-20 and 7 minutes of shear time, and with good stability. Luvangetin nanoemulsion produces antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli by disrupting the structure of bacterial cell membranes. Luvangetin nanoemulsion are biologically safe for HaCat and HUVEC. Luvangetin nanoemulsion showed good therapeutic effect on MRSA infected wounds in mice. Conclusion For the first time, developed a new formulation called luvangetin nanoemulsion, which exhibited superior antibacterial effects against Gram-positive bacteria. Luvangetin nanoemulsion has a favorable effect in promoting infected wound healing. We have combined luvangetin, which has multiple activities, with nanoemulsions to provide a new topical fungicidal formulation, and have comprehensively evaluated its effectiveness and safety, opening up new possibilities for further applications of luvangetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Han
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Gu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengsong Nie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengmi Cui
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics and College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Liu M, Li J, Jiang P, Han D, Zhang H, Xu L, Qiu Y. Preparing a novel baicalin-loaded microemulsion-based gel for transdermal delivery and testing its anti-gout effect. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102100. [PMID: 38812945 PMCID: PMC11135029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that baicalin had efficacy against gouty arthritis (GA) by oral administration. In this paper, a novel baicalin-loaded microemulsion-based gel (B-MEG) was prepared and assessed for the transdermal delivery of baicalin against GA. The preparation method and transdermal capability of B-MEG was screened and optimized using the central composite design, Franz diffusion cell experiments, and the split-split plot design. Skin irritation tests were performed in guinea pigs. The anti-gout effects were evaluated using mice. The optimized B-MEG comprised of 50 % pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline, 4.48 % ethyl oleate, 31.64 % tween 80, 13.88 % glycerin, 2 % borneol, 0.5 % clove oil and 0.5 % xanthan gum, with a baicalin content of (10.42 ± 0.08) mg/g and particle size of (15.71 ± 0.41) nm. After 12 h, the cumulative amount of baicalin permeated from B-MEG was (672.14 ± 44.11) μg·cm-2. No significant skin irritation was observed following B-MEG application. Compared to the model group, B-MEG groups significantly decreased the rate of auricular swelling (P < 0.01) and number of twists observed in mice (P < 0.01); and also reduced the rate of paw swelling (P < 0.01) and inflammatory cell infiltration in a mouse model of GA. In conclusion, B-MEG represents a promising transdermal carrier for baicalin delivery and can be used as a potential therapy for GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhou Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Mingxue Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Peipei Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Di Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lingyun Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- School of Animal Science and Nutrition Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Balmanno A, Falconer JR, Ravuri HG, Mills PC. Strategies to Improve the Transdermal Delivery of Poorly Water-Soluble Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:675. [PMID: 38794337 PMCID: PMC11124993 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The transdermal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has the potential to overcome some of the major disadvantages relating to oral NSAID usage, such as gastrointestinal adverse events and compliance. However, the poor solubility of many of the newer NSAIDs creates challenges in incorporating the drugs into formulations suitable for application to skin and may limit transdermal permeation, particularly if the goal is therapeutic systemic drug concentrations. This review is an overview of the various strategies used to increase the solubility of poorly soluble NSAIDs and enhance their permeation through skin, such as the modification of the vehicle, the modification of or bypassing the barrier function of the skin, and using advanced nano-sized formulations. Furthermore, the simple yet highly versatile microemulsion system has been found to be a cost-effective and highly successful technology to deliver poorly water-soluble NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Balmanno
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia;
| | - James R. Falconer
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park Campus, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
| | - Halley G. Ravuri
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Paul C. Mills
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia;
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5
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Rajbanshi A, Hilton E, Dreiss CA, Murnane D, Cook MT. Stimuli-Responsive Polymers for Engineered Emulsions. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300723. [PMID: 38395416 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Emulsions are complex. Dispersing two immiscible phases, thus expanding an interface, requires effort to achieve and the resultant dispersion is thermodynamically unstable, driving the system toward coalescence. Furthermore, physical instabilities, including creaming, arise due to presence of dispersed droplets of different densities to a continuous phase. Emulsions allow the formulation of oils, can act as vehicles to solubilize both hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules, and can be tailored to desirable rheological profiles, including "gel-like" behavior and shear thinning. The usefulness of emulsions can be further expanded by imparting stimuli-responsive or "smart" behaviors by inclusion of a stimuli-responsive emulsifier, polymer or surfactant. This enables manipulation like gelation, breaking, or aggregation, by external triggers such as pH, temperature, or salt concentration changes. This platform generates functional materials for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, oil recovery, and colloid engineering, combining both smart behaviors and intrinsic benefit of emulsions. However, with increased functionality comes greater complexity. This review focuses on the use of stimuli-responsive polymers for the generation of smart emulsions, motivated by the great adaptability of polymers for this application and their efficacy as steric stabilizers. Stimuli-responsive emulsions are described according to the trigger used to provide the reader with an overview of progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Rajbanshi
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Eleanor Hilton
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Cécile A Dreiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Darragh Murnane
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Michael T Cook
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
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Sahoo A, Dwivedi K, Almalki WH, Mandal AK, Alhamyani A, Afzal O, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Alruwaili NK, Yadav PK, Barkat MA, Singh T, Rahman M. Secondary metabolites in topical infectious diseases and nanomedicine applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 38651634 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2024-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Topical infection affects nearly one-third of the world's population; it may result from poor sanitation, hygienic conditions and crowded living and working conditions that accelerate the spread of topical infectious diseases. The problems associated with the anti-infective agents are drug resistance and long-term therapy. Secondary metabolites are obtained from plants, microorganisms and animals, but they are metabolized inside the human body. The integration of nanotechnology into secondary metabolites is gaining attention due to their interaction at the subatomic and skin-tissue levels. Hydrogel, liposomes, lipidic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles are the most suitable carriers for secondary metabolite delivery. Therefore, the present review article extensively discusses the topical applications of nanomedicines for the effective delivery of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Sahoo
- College of Pharmacy, J.S. University, Shikohabad, Firozabad, Utta Pradesh, 283135, India
| | - Khusbu Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shambhunath Institute of Pharmacy, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, 211015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Waleed H Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Kumar Mandal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Abdurrahman Alhamyani
- Pharmaceuticals Chemistry Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Alaqiq, 65779-7738, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nabil K Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradip Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, Assam, India
| | - Md Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Al-Batin, 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanuja Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 10025, India
| | - Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Magrode N, Poomanee W, Kiattisin K, Ampasavate C. Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions for Topical Delivery of Tripeptide-3: From Design of Experiment to Anti-Sebum Efficacy on Facial Skin. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:554. [PMID: 38675215 PMCID: PMC11053593 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The targeted delivery of a hydrophilic Tripeptide-3 to the skin using microemulsions or nanoemulsions for facial oil reduction was the focus of this study. The impact factors affecting oil/water transparent dispersion formation, such as the surfactant system, HLB value, and co-solvent, were identified through the water titration method and pseudoternary phase diagram plots. The interfacial tension between caprylic/capric triglyceride (CCT oil) and water was significantly reduced by the surfactant/co-surfactant combination (Smix) of Cremophore® RH40 and a double-tails co-surfactant, polyglycerol-3-diisostearate, at an HLB of 13 together with a water-to-co-solvent (PG) ratio of 1:1. A two-level full factorial design of experiment (FFD-DoE) emphasized the independent variables of the HLB value, co-solvent, and CCT oil contents affecting the optimal compositions for micro- or nanoemulsion formation. The low-energy spontaneous emulsification of the optimized combination at a low Smix content (10%) yielded the translucent oil-in-water Tripeptide-3 nanoemulsions with an internal droplet size of 25.7 ± 1.20 nm, a narrow polydispersity index of 0.237 ± 0.129, and 70.6 ± 0.58% transmittance. The in vitro skin permeation study revealed a significantly higher skin penetration and retention of the Tripeptide-3 nanoemulsions compared to the high surfactant microemulsions and coarse emulsions. Skin irritation and oil control efficacy were evaluated in healthy volunteers before and after product application for 28 days. The obtained nanoemulsions not only decreased sebum production but also enhanced skin moisture levels. In conclusion, the meticulously designed nanoemulsions, incorporating suitable excipients, show a promising delivery system for hydrophilic peptides to control sebum overproduction in oily facial skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nontachai Magrode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.M.); (W.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Worrapan Poomanee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.M.); (W.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Kanokwan Kiattisin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.M.); (W.P.); (K.K.)
| | - Chadarat Ampasavate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.M.); (W.P.); (K.K.)
- Center for Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Kazlauskaite JA, Matulyte I, Marksa M, Bernatoniene J. Technological Functionalisation of Microencapsulated Genistein and Daidzein Delivery Systems Soluble in the Stomach and Intestines. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:530. [PMID: 38675191 PMCID: PMC11054921 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Encapsulating antioxidant-rich plant extracts, such as those found in red clover, within microcapsules helps protect them from degradation, thus improving stability, shelf life, and effectiveness. This study aimed to develop a microencapsulation delivery system using chitosan and alginate for microcapsules that dissolve in both the stomach and intestines, with the use of natural and synthetic emulsifiers. The microcapsules were formed using the extrusion method and employing alginate or chitosan as shell-forming material. In this study, all selected emulsifiers formed Pickering (β-CD) and traditional (white mustard extract, polysorbate 80) stable emulsions. Alginate-based emulsions resulted in microemulsions, while chitosan-based emulsions formed macroemulsions, distinguishable by oil droplet size. Although chitosan formulations with higher red clover extract (C1) concentrations showed potential, they exhibited slightly reduced firmness compared to other formulations (C2). Additionally, both alginate and chitosan formulations containing β-CD released bioactive compounds more effectively. The combined use of alginate and chitosan microcapsules in a single pill offers an innovative way to ensure dual solubility in both stomach and intestinal environments, increasing versatility for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurga Andreja Kazlauskaite
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.A.K.); (I.M.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Inga Matulyte
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.A.K.); (I.M.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (J.A.K.); (I.M.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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9
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Silva GC, Rodrigues RAF, Bottoli CBG. In vitro diffusion of plant phenolics through the skin: A review update. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:239-261. [PMID: 38083814 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Excessive skin exposure to deleterious environmental variables results in inflammation as well as molecular and cellular impairments that compromise its functionality, aesthetic qualities, and overall well-being. The implementation of topical administration of antioxidants and other compounds as a method for preventing or reversing damage is a rational approach. Numerous phenolic compounds derived from plants have demonstrated capabilities such as scavenging free radicals and promoting tissue healing. However, the primary obstacle lies in effectively delivering these compounds to the specific place on the skin, and accurately forecasting their diffusion through the skin can assist in determining the most effective tactics. Hence, this article provides a comprehensive analysis of recent literature pertaining to the in vitro skin diffusion characteristics of plant phenolics. The aim is to gain a deeper understanding of their behaviour when present in various forms such as solutions, suspensions, and formulations. METHOD The data on plant extracts and isolated plant phenolic compounds in vitro skin diffusion assays published over the last six years were compiled and discussed. RESULTS Even though the gold standard Franz diffusion cell is the most commonly used in the assessment of in vitro plant phenolic skin diffusion profiles, a plethora of skin models and assay conditions are reported for a variety of compounds and extracts in different vehicles. CONCLUSION The presence of numerous models and vehicles poses a challenge in creating correlations among the existing data on plant phenolic compounds. However, it is possible to draw some general conclusions regarding molecular, vehicle, and skin characteristics based on the gathered information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisláine C Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Instituto de Química, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rodney A F Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA), Paulínia, Brazil
| | - Carla B G Bottoli
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Instituto de Química, Campinas, Brazil
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Mishra I, Mishra R, Dubey A, Dhakad PK. A Perspective on Various Facets of Nanoemulsions and its Commercial Utilities. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:97-117. [PMID: 38489509 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a captivating contemporary technology owing to its extensive range of potential applications. This study emphasizes nanomaterials, substances with a size <100 nm, offering better qualities than coarse particles. Nanoparticles have several advantages compared with conventional drug delivery methods, including enhanced bioavailability and a larger surface area because of their smaller particle size. These characteristics make the nanoparticles a viable clinical candidate. Controlled-release drug delivery systems and targeted drug delivery systems rely heavily on nanoparticles. Because traditional drug delivery methods fail to achieve targeted drug delivery, resulting in toxicity, low bioavailability, poor therapeutic outcomes, and so on, these drug nanoparticles excel in all these areas. Researchers are already interested in developing drug delivery systems such as niosomes, bilosomes, and dendrimers. Nanoemulsion is one of these technologies; nanoemulsions outperform traditional emulsions in terms of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Nanoemulsion effectively surpasses the constraints of standard emulsions, primarily by offering enhanced bioavailability, reduced toxicity, improved absorption, and the potential to be used in targeted drug delivery or controlled-release drug delivery systems. This particular work explores several aspects of nanoemulsions, including their constituents, classification, techniques for preparation, criteria for assessment, commercial applications, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Mishra
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raghav Mishra
- Lloyd School of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mufti A, Gulati S, Kochhar KP, Alam I, Wadhwa S, Sikka K, Saxena R, Jain S. Novel Therapeutic Strategies of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation and Nanomedicine in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy Patients. Neurol India 2024; 72:248-257. [PMID: 38691468 DOI: 10.4103/ni.ni_953_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Infantile central palsy (CP) is caused due to damage to the immature developing brain usually before birth, leading to altered topography and biochemical milieu. CP is a life-limiting disorder, which causes changes in sensory, motor, cognitive, and behavioral functioning. Understanding its pathophysiology is complex, and current therapeutic modalities, oral medication, surgical treatment, physical therapy, and rehabilitation provide minimal relief. As the brain is plastic, it has an inherent capacity to adapt to altered activity; thus, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) strategies, like repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, which can modulate the neuronal activity and its function, may lead to recovery in CP patients. Further, in recent years, nanomedicine has shown a promising approach in pre-clinical studies for the treatment of central nervous system disorder because it can cross the blood-brain barrier, improve penetration, and provide sustained release of the drug. The review focuses on the principles and mechanisms of various NIBS techniques used in CP. We have also contemplated the effect of rehabilitation and nanomedicine in CP children, which will definitely lead to advancing our diagnostic as well as therapeutic abilities, in a vulnerable group of little ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Mufti
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Sheffali Gulati
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Kanwal P Kochhar
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Iqbal Alam
- Department of Physiology Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Wadhwa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Sikka
- Department of ENT, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Saxena
- Department of Rajendra Prasad Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Suman Jain
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
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Bahloul B, Ben Bnina E, Hamdi A, Castillo Henríquez L, Baccar D, Kalboussi N, Abbassi A, Mignet N, Flamini G, Vega-Baudrit JR. Investigating the Wound-Healing Potential of a Nanoemulsion-Gel Formulation of Pituranthos tortuosus Essential Oil. Gels 2024; 10:155. [PMID: 38534573 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores a nanoemulsion (NE)-based gel incorporating Tunisian Pituranthos tortuosus essential oil, with a focus on its wound-healing potential. The essential oil, extracted via hydrodistillation, underwent GC-MS analysis for compositional verification. The physicochemical characterization included dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential measurement, pH, and viscosity. The gelification of the NE facilitated topical application. The results revealed an average extraction yield of 0.45% and identified 38 compounds in the essential oil. The NE exhibited a particle size of 27 ± 0.4 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.3, and a zeta potential of -22.8 ± 1.4 mV. The stability of the gelified preparation was confirmed through thermodynamic stability studies, TEM observations, and zeta and size results. In vivo experiments confirmed significant wound-healing effects, highlighting the promising role of the NE-based gel in healthcare advancements. This research underscores the potential of novel phyto-based delivery systems in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr Bahloul
- Drug Development Laboratory LR12ES09, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Enis Ben Bnina
- LR21AGR03-Production and Protection for a Sustainable Horticulture (2PHD), Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, IRESA, University of Sousse, Chott Mariem 4042, Tunisia
| | - Assia Hamdi
- Drug Development Laboratory LR12ES09, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Luis Castillo Henríquez
- Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Dhaou Baccar
- Drug Development Laboratory LR12ES09, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Kalboussi
- Drug Development Laboratory LR12ES09, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Aïmen Abbassi
- Research Unit "Natural Bioactive Substances and Biotechnology" UR17ES49, Pharmacognosy Laboratory, College of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Nathalie Mignet
- Chemical and Biological Technologies for Health Group (UTCBS), Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), San José 1174-1200, Costa Rica
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Dragicevic N, Predic-Atkinson J, Nikolic B, Pajovic SB, Ivkovic S, Adzic M. Nanocarriers in topical photodynamic therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:279-307. [PMID: 38349540 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2318460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained significant attention due to its superiority over conventional treatments. In the context of skin cancers and nonmalignant skin diseases, topical application of photosensitizer formulations onto affected skin, followed by illumination, offers distinct advantages. Topical PDT simplifies therapy by providing easy access to the skin, increasing drug concentration within the target area, and confining residual photosensitivity to the treated skin. However, the effectiveness of topical PDT is often hindered by challenges such as limited skin penetration or photosensitizer instability. Additionally, the hypoxic tumor environment poses further limitations. Nanocarriers present a promising solution to address these challenges. AREAS COVERED The objective of this review is to comprehensively explore and highlight the role of various nanocarriers in advancing topical PDT for the treatment of skin diseases. The primary focus is to address the challenges associated with conventional topical PDT approaches and demonstrate how nanotechnology-based strategies can overcome these challenges, thereby improving the overall efficiency and efficacy of PDT. EXPERT OPINION Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of PDT, offering innovative tools to combat the unfavorable features of photosensitizers and hurdles in PDT. Nanocarriers enhance skin penetration and stability of photosensitizers, provide controlled drug release, reduce needed dose, increase production of reactive oxygen species, while reducing side effects, thereby improving PDT effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dragicevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Bojan Nikolic
- Faculty of Health and Business studies, Singidunum University, Valjevo, Serbia
| | - Snezana B Pajovic
- Institute of Nuclear sciences "Vinča", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Ivkovic
- Institute of Nuclear sciences "Vinča", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Adzic
- Institute of Nuclear sciences "Vinča", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Benitez-Llano CA, Florez-Acosta OA, Velasquez-Polo DD, Mesa-Arango AC, Zapata-Zapata C. Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Stability Study of Lippia origanoides Essential Oil-based Nanoemulsion as a Topical Delivery System. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:251-261. [PMID: 37581527 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230815155614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fungal diseases are a priority in research, development, and health care, according to the WHO, mainly due to Candida spp. Essential oils (EOs) of the genus Lippia have demonstrated broad antimicrobial biological activity. Previous studies identified the anti-Candida potential of a thymol/p-cymene chemotype EO from Lippia origanoides H.B.K coded "0018". Nanoemulsions favor the biological activity of EOs and overcome limitations such as low solubility, instability against oxidizing agents, pH, light, and low permeability. To develop, characterize, and adjust a prototype of an O/W nanoemulsion containing the "0018" EO from Lippia origanoides for its evaluation in an in vitro permeability study. METHODS Nanoemulsions were obtained using a high energy high shear method. Their particle size distribution, Z potential, viscosity, pH, encapsulation efficiency (EE), thermodynamic stability and the Turbiscan Stability Index (TSI) were evaluated. The nanoemulsion prototype was adjusted to improve performance characteristics and microbiological efficacy. Thymol was used as an analyte in the EO quantification using UHPLC-DAD. RESULTS An O/W nanoemulsion with hydrodynamic diameter <200 nm and polydispersity index <0.3, EE >95%, with TSI < 1.5, anti-Candida albicans efficiency >95% was obtained; permeable with a flow of 6.0264 μg/cm2/h and permeability coefficient of 1.3170x10-3 cm/h. CONCLUSION A pharmaceutical formulation prototype is obtained that maintains the physical and physicochemical characteristics over time. Permeability is verified in an in-vitro model. It is proposed to evaluate its antifungal activity in preclinical or clinical studies as a contribution to the treatment of topical fungal diseases caused by Candida spp., through the use of biological resources and Colombian biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Andrés Benitez-Llano
- Department of Pharmacy, Group for the Design and Formulation of Medicines, Cosmetics and Related Products (DYFOMECO), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Oscar Albeiro Florez-Acosta
- Department of Pharmacy, Group for the Design and Formulation of Medicines, Cosmetics and Related Products (DYFOMECO), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Darsy Dayana Velasquez-Polo
- Department of Pharmacy, Group for the Design and Formulation of Medicines, Cosmetics and Related Products (DYFOMECO), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana Cecilia Mesa-Arango
- Department of Mycology, Clinical Epidemiology Academic Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carolina Zapata-Zapata
- Department of Mycology, Clinical Epidemiology Academic Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Rafe MR. Drug delivery for neurodegenerative diseases is a problem, but lipid nanocarriers could provide the answer. Nanotheranostics 2024; 8:90-99. [PMID: 38164504 PMCID: PMC10750117 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.88849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders encompass diseases that involve the degeneration of neurons, particularly those within the central nervous system. These are the most commonly observed disorders among the geriatric population. The treatment or management of this condition presents additional challenges due to therapeutics that may not be as effective as desired. The primary obstacle that often hinders the efficacy of therapy is the existence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB serves as a vital safeguard for the brain, effectively obstructing the passage of drugs into the brain cells. Hence, the management of damaging neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs), Huntington's disease (HD), and Multiple sclerosis (MS) is currently the primary area of research interest. The innovative utilization of nanoparticles as drug carriers provides renewed optimism in addressing many complicated medical conditions. In this article, I have aimed to gather published information regarding various lipid nanoparticles that can efficiently transport medication to the brain to address neurodegenerative disorders. According to the published literature, liposomes, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured nanoparticles, microemulsions, and nanoemulsions are potential nanocarriers that can treat neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rajdoula Rafe
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100, Bangladesh
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Al Fatease A, Alqahtani A, Khan BA, Mohamed JMM, Farhana SA. Preparation and characterization of a curcumin nanoemulsion gel for the effective treatment of mycoses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22730. [PMID: 38123572 PMCID: PMC10733357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections of skin including mycoses are one of the most common infections in skin or skins. Mycosis is caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte moulds and yeasts. Various studies show different drugs to treat mycoses, yet there is need to treat it with applied drugs delivery. This study was designed to prepare a bio curcumin (CMN) nanoemulsion (CMN-NEs) for transdermal administration to treat mycoses. The self-nanoemulsification approach was used to prepare a nanoemulsion (NE), utilizing an oil phase consisting of Cremophor EL 100 (Cre EL), glyceryl monooleate (GMO), and polyethylene glycol 5000 (PEG 5000). Particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometric analysis, and morphological analyses were performed to evaluate the nanoemulsion (NE). The in vitro permeation of CMN was investigated using a modified vertical diffusion cell with an activated dialysis membrane bag. Among all the formulations, a stable, spontaneously produced nanoemulsion was determined with 250 mg of CMN loaded with 10 g of the oil phase. The average droplet size, ZP, and PDI of CMN-NEs were 90.0 ± 2.1 nm, - 7.4 ± 0.4, and 0.171 ± 0.03 mV, respectively. The release kinetics of CMN differed from zero order with a Higuchi release profile as a result of nanoemulsification, which also significantly increased the flux of CMN permeating from the hydrophilic matrix gel. Overall, the prepared nanoemulsion system not only increased the permeability of CMN but also protected it against chemical deterioration. Both CMN-ME (24.0 ± 0.31 mm) and CMN-NE gel (29.6 ± 0.25 mm) had zones of inhibition against Candida albicans that were significantly larger than those of marketed Itrostred gel (21.5 ± 0.34 mm). The prepared CMN-NE improved the bioavailability, better skin penetration, and the CMN-NE gel enhanced the release of CMN from the gel matrix on mycotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, 62529, Guraiger, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, 62529, Guraiger, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Barkat A Khan
- Drug Delivery and Cosmetics Lab (DDCL), GCPS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 29050, Pakistan.
| | - Jamal Moideen Muthu Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and BioMedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Syeda Ayesha Farhana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51911, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Suman SK, Chandrasekaran N, Priya Doss CG. Micro-nanoemulsion and nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery against drug-resistant tuberculosis: recent developments. Clin Microbiol Rev 2023; 36:e0008823. [PMID: 38032192 PMCID: PMC10732062 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00088-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem and the second most prevalent infectious killer after COVID-19. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and has become increasingly challenging to treat due to drug resistance. The World Health Organization declared TB a global health emergency in 1993. Drug resistance in TB is driven by mutations in the bacterial genome that can be influenced by prolonged drug exposure and poor patient adherence. The development of drug-resistant forms of TB, such as multidrug resistant, extensively drug resistant, and totally drug resistant, poses significant therapeutic challenges. Researchers are exploring new drugs and novel drug delivery systems, such as nanotechnology-based therapies, to combat drug resistance. Nanodrug delivery offers targeted and precise drug delivery, improves treatment efficacy, and reduces adverse effects. Along with nanoscale drug delivery, a new generation of antibiotics with potent therapeutic efficacy, drug repurposing, and new treatment regimens (combinations) that can tackle the problem of drug resistance in a shorter duration could be promising therapies in clinical settings. However, the clinical translation of nanomedicines faces challenges such as safety, large-scale production, regulatory frameworks, and intellectual property issues. In this review, we present the current status, most recent findings, challenges, and limiting barriers to the use of emulsions and nanoparticles against drug-resistant TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simpal Kumar Suman
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nano Biotechnology (CNBT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C. George Priya Doss
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shahid M, Alrumayyan BF, Ramzan M, Jalees Ahmed F, Malik A, Khuroo T, Alaofi AL. Impact of miconazole nitrate ferrying cationic and anionic nanoemulsion and gels on permeation profiles of across EpiDerm, artificial membrane, and skin: Instrumental evidences. Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123593. [PMID: 37956722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on our previous report, the study was extended to investigate the impact of miconazole nitrate (MCN) loaded cationic/anionic nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels on permeation behaviour across artificial-membrane, EpiDerm, and rat skin. Nanoemulsions and gels were evaluated for size, charge, viscosity, size-distribution, pH, and percent entrapment efficiency (%EE). In vitro drug diffusion across artificial membrane and EpiDerm were conducted to get diffusion coefficients. Permeation profiles were studied using rat skin to investigate mechanistic insight of formulated mediated permeation followed by CLSM (confocal laser scanning microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), AFM (atomic force microscopy), and irritation studies. Results showed that MCNE11-Rh (probed cationic nanoemulsion at pH ∼ 7.2) and MNE11-Rh (probed anionic nanoemulsion at pH ∼ 7.2) showed size values of 158 nm and 145 nm, respectively whereas MCNE11-GR (probed cationic nanoemulsion gel at pH ∼ 6.8) and MNE11-GR (probed anionic nanoemulsion gel at pH ∼ 6.8) exhibited size values 257 nm and 243 nm, respectively. The %EE values were found to be as 91.5 % and 89.6 % for MCNE11-Rh and MNE11-Rh, respectively. The gels (∼6000 cP) elicited relatively high viscosity than nanoemulsions (∼3300 - 3500 cP). MCNE11-GR showed the highest values of permeation flux, diffusion rate, diffusion coefficient (D), and permeation coefficient (P) across artificial membrane, EpiDerm, and rat skin which may be attributed to three potential factors (cationic charge, composition, and hydration by the hydrophilic gel) working in tandem. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) by the MCNE11-GR was maximum (14.4 g/m2h) than control (6.1 g/m2h) indicating augmented interaction of MCNE11-Rh with skin components. Conclusively, cationic nanoemulsion gel was promising carrier for enhanced permeation and the drug access to the dermal region to treat deep seated fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohhammad Ramzan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UIPS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India.
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Khuroo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PGx Global Foundation, 5600 S Willow Dr Houston, Duarte, TX 77035, USA.
| | - Ahmed L Alaofi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Tubtimsri S, Weerapol Y. Sustained release gel (polymer-free) of itraconazole-loaded microemulsion for oral candidiasis treatment: time-kill kinetics and cellular uptake. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2234099. [PMID: 37448320 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2234099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Itraconazole (ICZ) was prepared in a self-microemulsifying (SM) gel. This gel was intended for use in the oral mucosa, where low volume and flow of saliva result in limited solubility and absorption of drugs that are poorly water-soluble. The drug-loaded gel formulation (ICZ-SM) was selected as a clear solution in the ternary phase diagram to improve the solubility of ICZ. Seven ratios (S1-S7) were prepared by mixing polyoxyl 35 castor oils (P35), a medium chain with a blend of mono-, di-, and triglycerides (MCT), and water. Phase separation of large-sized emulsions by countering with artificial saliva were observed in dilution tests for the formulation contained MCT, P35, and water at the ratios of 70:20:10 (S1), 10:80:10 (S3), and 20:60:20 (S4). Formulations in the ratios of 15:50:35 (S5) and 19:43:38 (S6) produced strong ICZ-SM gels, as shown by rheology tests, whereas the formulations at the ratios of 30:60:10 (S2) and 10:43:47 (S7) exhibited no elasticity. A model of zero-order kinetic (S5) and first-order kinetic (S6) were found to best fit the release kinetics of ICZ from the gels. Time-killing assays revealed that S5 and S6 required less time compared with S2 and the ICZ solution. Furthermore, S5 exhibited the highest increase in cell uptake compared with S2, S6, and the ICZ solution. These findings suggest that the ICZ-SM gel was a free polymer capable of delivering an ICZ for the treatment of oral candidiasis, and that ICZ-SM gels applied locally exhibit enhanced absorption into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yotsanan Weerapol
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
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Padaraju A, Dwivedi F, Kumar G. Microemulsions, nanoemulsions and emulgels as carriers for antifungal antibiotics. Ther Deliv 2023; 14:721-740. [PMID: 38014430 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to estimates, up to 25% of the world's population has fungal skin diseases, making them the most prevalent infectious disease. Several chemical classes of antifungal drugs are available to treat fungal infections. However, the major challenges of conventional formulations of antifungal drugs include poor pharmacokinetic profiles like solubility, low permeability, side effects and decreased efficacy. Novel drug delivery is a promising approach for overcoming pharmacokinetic limitations and increasing the effectiveness of antibiotics. In this review, we have shed light on microemulsions, nanoemulsions, and emulgels as novel drug delivery approaches for the topical delivery of antifungal antibiotics. We believe these formulations have potential translational value and could be developed for treating fungal infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Padaraju
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Falguni Dwivedi
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
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Silva Pontes C, Garcia de Carvalho G, Rosa Perin Leite A, Chorilli M, Palomari Spolidorio DM. Improving Drug Delivery on Candida Albicans Using Geraniol Nanoemulsion. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2475. [PMID: 37896235 PMCID: PMC10609964 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Geraniol (GE) is a monoterpene alcohol with excellent antifungal activity. However, its low solubility and high volatility impair its use. Nanoemulsions (NE) are excellent delivery systems for poorly soluble and volatile drugs, achieving controlled release of the active ingredient. The aim of this study was to improve the delivery of geraniol (GE) incorporated in NE against Candida albicans in order to evaluate the antibiofilm effect and cytotoxicity. Nanoemulsion containing 10% oil phase (cholesterol) (w/w), 10% surfactant (mixture of soy phosphatidylcholine and Brij 58; 1:2) (w/w), and 80% aqueous phase (phosphate buffer) (w/w) was synthesized. Incorporation of GE was carried out by sonication and the final compounds were characterized by hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP), in addition to evaluation of physicochemical stability after 6 months and 1 year. The GE-NE effect was evaluated on Candida albicans biofilms and cytotoxic effect was evaluated on immortalized normal oral cell line NOK-Si. The diameter of GE-NE was 232.3 ± 2.7 nm and PDI 0.155 with exhibited homogeneity and stability in solution. GE-NE showed antibiofilm activity at a concentration of 75 μg/mL with reduction of >6.0 log10, and no cytotoxicity against NOK-Si cells at concentrations below 150 μg/mL was observed. GE-NE proved to be a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Silva Pontes
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (C.S.P.); (D.M.P.S.)
| | - Gabriel Garcia de Carvalho
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (C.S.P.); (D.M.P.S.)
| | - Andressa Rosa Perin Leite
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, International School of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Denise Madalena Palomari Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil; (C.S.P.); (D.M.P.S.)
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22
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Kang MS, Park TE, Jo HJ, Kang MS, Lee SB, Hong SW, Kim KS, Han DW. Recent Trends in Macromolecule-Based Approaches for Hair Loss Treatment. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300148. [PMID: 37245081 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Macromolecules are large, complex molecules composed of smaller subunits known as monomers. The four primary categories of macromolecules found in living organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids; they also encompass a broad range of natural and synthetic polymers. Recent studies have shown that biologically active macromolecules can help regenerate hair, providing a potential solution for current hair regeneration therapies. This review examines the latest developments in the use of macromolecules for the treatment of hair loss. The fundamental principles of hair follicle (HF) morphogenesis, hair shaft (HS) development, hair cycle regulation, and alopecia have been introduced. Microneedle (MN) and nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems are innovative treatments for hair loss. Additionally, the application of macromolecule-based tissue-engineered scaffolds for the in vitro and in vivo neogenesis of HFs is discussed. Furthermore, a new research direction is explored wherein artificial skin platforms are adopted as a promising screening method for hair loss treatment drugs. Through these multifaceted approaches, promising aspects of macromolecules for future hair loss treatments are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Eon Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Jo
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Organic Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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Siafaka PI, Özcan Bülbül E, Okur ME, Karantas ID, Üstündağ Okur N. The Application of Nanogels as Efficient Drug Delivery Platforms for Dermal/Transdermal Delivery. Gels 2023; 9:753. [PMID: 37754434 PMCID: PMC10529964 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The delivery of active molecules via the skin seems to be an efficient technology, given the various disadvantages of oral drug administration. Skin, which is the largest human organ of the body, has the important role of acting as a barrier for pathogens and other molecules including drugs; in fact, it serves as a primary defense system blocking any particle from entering the body. Therefore, to overcome the skin barriers and poor skin permeability, researchers implement novel carriers which can effectively carry out transdermal delivery of the molecules. Another significant issue which medical society tries to solve is the effective dermal delivery of molecules especially for topical wound delivery. The application of nanogels is only one of the available approaches offering promising results for both dermal and transdermal administration routes. Nanogels are polymer-based networks in nanoscale dimensions which have been explored as potent carriers of poorly soluble drugs, genes and vaccines. The nanogels present unique physicochemical properties, i.e., high surface area, biocompatibility, etc., and, importantly, can improve solubility. In this review, authors aimed to summarize the available applications of nanogels as possible vehicles for dermal and transdermal delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients and discuss their future in the pharmaceutical manufacturing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panoraia I. Siafaka
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ece Özcan Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Evren Okur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | | | - Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey;
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Castangia I, Fulgheri F, Perra M, Bacchetta G, Fancello L, Corrias F, Usach I, Peris JE, Manca ML, Manconi M. A Cocktail-Based Formula for the Design of Nanosized Cosmeceuticals as Skincare and Anti-Age Products. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2485. [PMID: 37686993 PMCID: PMC10489923 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Nasco and Bovale grape pomace extracts, alone or in association, were loaded in nanoemulsions tailored for cosmetic application, using Kolliphor®RH40 (kolliphor) as the synthetic surfactant, Olivem®1000 (olivem) as the natural one, and lecithin as the cosurfactant. Pink transparent or milky dispersions, as a function of the used extract and surfactant, were obtained to be used as cosmeceutical serum or milk. The sizes of the nanoemulsion droplets were small (≈77 nm with kolliphor and ≈141 nm with olivem), homogenously dispersed (~0.24 with kolliphor and ~0.16 with olivem), highly negatively charged (≈-43 mV irrespective of the used surfactant) and their stability either on storage or under stressing conditions was affected by the used extract and surfactant. Formulations protected the extracts from the degradation caused by UV exposition, were biocompatible against keratinocytes, protected them against oxidative damages induced using hydrogen peroxide and inhibited the release of nitrite induced in macrophages using the lipopolysaccharide inflammatory stimulus. The overall results underlined the key role played by the composition of the formula to achieve a suitable cosmeceutical for skin care but even for the prevention of premature aging and chronic damages caused by the stressing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Castangia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Federica Fulgheri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Matteo Perra
- Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Fundación de Investigación Hospital General Universitario, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Laura Fancello
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesco Corrias
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Iris Usach
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (J.E.P.)
| | - Josè Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (J.E.P.)
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
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Alharthi S, Ziora ZM, Mustafa G, Chaubey P, El Kirdasy AF, Alotaibi G. β-Caryophyllene-Loaded Microemulsion-Based Topical Hydrogel: A Promising Carrier to Enhance the Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Outcomes. Gels 2023; 9:634. [PMID: 37623089 PMCID: PMC10454053 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain and inflammation can vary from localised pain like pain in the shoulders and neck to widespread pain like fibromyalgia, and as per estimates, around 90% of humans have experienced such pain. Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently prescribed for such conditions but are associated with concerns like gastric irritation and bleeding. In the present study, a microemulsion-based gel comprising β-caryophyllene, isopropyl myristate, Tween 80, and normal saline was prepared as a topical option for managing topical pain and inflammation. The globules of the microemulsion were below 100 nm with a zetapotential of around -10 mV. The drug entrapment was >87% with a drug loading of >23%. The permeation studies established better skin permeation (20.11 ± 0.96 μg cm-2 h-1) and retention of the drug (4.96 ± 0.02%) from the developed system vis-à-vis the conventional product (9.73 ± 0.35 μg cm-2 h-1; 1.03 ± 0.01%). The dermatokinetic studies established the better pharmacokinetic profile of the bioactive in the epidermis and dermis layers of the skin. The anti-inflammatory potential in carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema was more pronounced than the conventional product (~91% vis-à-vis ~77%), indicating a better pharmacodynamic outcome from the developed system. The nanotechnology-based natural bioactive product with improved efficacy and drug loading can provide a better alternative for the management of musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitah Alharthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (G.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Zyta Maria Ziora
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QL 4072, Australia;
| | - Gulam Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (G.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Pramila Chaubey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (G.M.); (P.C.)
| | - Ahmed Farag El Kirdasy
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat City University, Sadat City 32897, Egypt;
| | - Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (G.M.); (P.C.)
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26
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Liang S. Advances in drug delivery applications of modified bacterial cellulose-based materials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1252706. [PMID: 37600320 PMCID: PMC10436498 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1252706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is generated by certain species of bacteria and comprises polysaccharides with unique physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics. Due to its outstanding biocompatibility, high purity, excellent mechanical strength, high water absorption, and highly porous structure, bacterial cellulose has been recently investigated for biomedical application. However, the pure form of bacterial cellulose is hardly used as a biomedical material due to some of its inherent shortcomings. To extend its applications in drug delivery, modifications of native bacterial cellulose are widely used to improve its properties. Usually, bacterial cellulose modifications can be carried out by physical, chemical, and biological methods. In this review, a brief introduction to bacterial cellulose and its production and fabrication is first given, followed by up-to-date and in-depth discussions of modification. Finally, we focus on the potential applications of bacterial cellulose as a drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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27
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Ranjbar S, Emamjomeh A, Sharifi F, Zarepour A, Aghaabbasi K, Dehshahri A, Sepahvand AM, Zarrabi A, Beyzaei H, Zahedi MM, Mohammadinejad R. Lipid-Based Delivery Systems for Flavonoids and Flavonolignans: Liposomes, Nanoemulsions, and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1944. [PMID: 37514130 PMCID: PMC10383758 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal chemicals with a long history in medicine have attracted a lot of attention. Flavonolignans and flavonoids are considered as two classes of the above-mentioned compounds with different functional groups which exhibit several therapeutic capabilities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Based on the studies, high hydrophobic properties of the aforementioned compounds limit their bioavailability inside the human body and restrict their wide application. Nanoscale formulations such as solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, and other types of lipid-based delivery systems have been introduced to overcome the above-mentioned challenges. This approach allows the aforementioned hydrophobic therapeutic compounds to be encapsulated between hydrophobic structures, resulting in improving their bioavailability. The above-mentioned enhanced delivery system improves delivery to the targeted sites and reduces the daily required dosage. Lowering the required daily dose improves the performance of the drug by diminishing its side effects on non-targeted tissues. The present study aims to highlight the recent improvements in implementing lipid-based nanocarriers to deliver flavonolignans and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Ranjbar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol 9861335856, Iran
| | - Abbasali Emamjomeh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol 9861335856, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kian Aghaabbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Guilan, University Campus 2, Khalij Fars Highway 5th km of Ghazvin Road, Rasht 4199613776, Iran
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mohammadi Sepahvand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7148664685, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamid Beyzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 9861335856, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Zahedi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
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Leanpolchareanchai J, Teeranachaideekul V. Topical Microemulsions: Skin Irritation Potential and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Herbal Substances. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:999. [PMID: 37513911 PMCID: PMC10384732 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microemulsions (MEs) have gained prominence as effective drug delivery systems owing to their optical transparency, low viscosity, and thermodynamic stability. MEs, when stabilized with surfactants and/or co-surfactants, exhibit enhanced drug solubilization, prolonged shelf life, and simple preparation methods. This review examines the various types of MEs, explores different preparation techniques, and investigates characterization approaches. Plant extracts and bioactive compounds are well established for their utilization as active ingredients in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Being derived from natural sources, they serve as preferable alternatives to synthetic chemicals. Furthermore, they have demonstrated a wide range of therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. However, the topical application of plant extracts and bioactive compounds has certain limitations, such as low skin absorption and stability. To overcome these challenges, the utilization of MEs enables enhanced skin absorption, thereby making them a valuable mode of administration. However, considering the significant surfactant content in MEs, this review evaluates the potential skin irritation caused by MEs containing herbal substances. Additionally, the review explores the topical application of MEs specifically for herbal substances, with an emphasis on their anti-inflammatory properties.
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Omar AAAH, Gad MF, Refaie AA, Abdelhafez HM, Mossa ATH. Benchmark Dose Approach to DNA and Liver Damage by Chlorpyrifos and Imidacloprid in Male Rats: The Protective Effect of a Clove-Oil-Based Nanoemulsion Loaded with Pomegranate Peel Extract. TOXICS 2023; 11:569. [PMID: 37505536 PMCID: PMC10383980 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used around the world to increase crop production. They also have negative impacts on animals, humans, and the ecosystem. This is the first report evaluating a novel pomegranate-extract-loaded clove-oil-based nanoemulsion (PELCN) and its potential for reducing oxidative stress and DNA damage, as well as its hepatoprotective effects against imidacloprid (IM) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) toxicity in male rats. The benchmark dose (BMD) approach was also used to study the dose-response toxicity of IM and CPF. IM and CPF were administered daily for 28 days at doses of 14, 28, and 54 mg/kg body weight (bw) of IM and 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg bw of CPF via drinking water. The PELCN was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw/day of pomegranate extract, 500 mg/kg bw of the clove oil nanoemulsion, and IM or CPF at high doses in the drinking water. In male rats, IM and CPF caused a reduction in body weight gain and hepatotoxic effects as evidenced by increases in the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP. They caused oxidative damage in the liver of male rats as indicated by the decreased liver activity of the GST, GPX, SOD, and CAT enzymes and decreased serum TAC. IM and CPF produced a significant dose-dependent increase in DNA damage in hepatocyte cells, resulting in moderate to severe liver damage with cells that are more inflammatory and have enlarged sinusoids and compacted nuclei. IM had a higher BMD than CPF for both body and liver weight, suggesting that CPF was more dose-dependently toxic than IM. Albumin was a highly sensitive liver biomarker for IM, while total protein was a biomarker for the CPF-treated rats. GPx was an extremely sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress in the IM treatment, while CAT and GPx were highly sensitive parameters in the CPF-treated rats. Therefore, at comparable doses, CPF has a higher potential to cause liver damage and oxidative stress than IM. The hepatotoxicity of IM and CPF can be mitigated by administering a nanoemulsion containing clove oil and pomegranate extract. The nanoemulsion acts as a protector against the oxidative stress caused by these insecticides, especially at high doses. The nanoemulsion based on clove oil increases the bioavailability and stability of the pomegranate extract, which has antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Ahmed Abdel-Hamid Omar
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa Farouk Gad
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Amel A Refaie
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hemmat Mansour Abdelhafez
- Cytochemistry and Histology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (For Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Tawab H Mossa
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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30
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Tomou EM, Papakyriakopoulou P, Saitani EM, Valsami G, Pippa N, Skaltsa H. Recent Advances in Nanoformulations for Quercetin Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1656. [PMID: 37376104 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE) is a flavonol that has recently received great attention from the research community due to its important pharmacological properties. However, QUE's low solubility and extended first-pass metabolism limit its oral administration. This review aims to present the potential of various nanoformulations in the development of QUE dosage forms for bioavailability enhancement. Advanced drug delivery nanosystems can be used for more efficient encapsulation, targeting, and controlled release of QUE. An overview of the primary nanosystem categories, formulation processes, and characterization techniques are described. In particular, lipid-based nanocarriers, such as liposomes, nanostructured-lipid carries, and solid-lipid nanoparticles, are widely used to improve QUE's oral absorption and targeting, increase its antioxidant activity, and ensure sustained release. Moreover, polymer-based nanocarriers exhibit unique properties for the improvement of the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicology (ADME(T)) profile. Namely, micelles and hydrogels composed of natural or synthetic polymers have been applied in QUE formulations. Furthermore, cyclodextrin, niosomes, and nanoemulsions are proposed as formulation alternatives for administration via different routes. This comprehensive review provides insight into the role of advanced drug delivery nanosystems for the formulation and delivery of QUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Section of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Papakyriakopoulou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Elmina-Marina Saitani
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Section of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
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Chaiyana W, Jiamphun S, Bezuidenhout S, Yeerong K, Krueathanasing N, Thammasorn P, Jittasai P, Tanakitvanicharoen S, Tima S, Anuchapreeda S. Enhanced Cosmeceutical Potentials of the Oil from Gryllus bimaculatus de Geer by Nanoemulsions. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2955-2972. [PMID: 37293575 PMCID: PMC10246574 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s406864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to extract the oil from Gryllus bimaculatus de Geer, evaluate its potential for cosmeceutical applications, and develop nanoemulsions to promote the cosmeceutical capabilities of the oil. Methods G. bimaculatus oil was produced by the cold pressing method. Its fatty acid compositions were assessed by fatty acid methyl ester/gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities of the oil were investigated in terms of radical scavengers, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition. The whitening effects were investigated through anti-tyrosinase activities, whilst the anti-aging effects were investigated through inhibition against collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase. The irritant effects were investigated by the hen's egg chorio-allantoic membrane test and the cytotoxicity assay in immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes and human foreskin fibroblast cells. The nanoemulsions were developed, characterized, and evaluated for their stability and cosmeceutical properties. Results G. bimaculatus oil, rich in linoleic acid (31.08 ± 0.00%), oleic acid (30.44 ± 0.01%), palmitic acid (24.80 ± 0.01%), and stearic acid (7.61 ± 0.00%), demonstrated promising cosmeceutical properties in terms of antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-skin ageing activities. Besides, the oil was safe since it induced no irritation or cytotoxicity. G. bimaculatus oil was successfully developed into nanoemulsions, and F1, composed of 1% w/w G. bimaculatus oil, 1.12% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.88% w/w sorbitan oleate, and 97% w/w DI water, had the smallest internal droplet size (53.8 ± 0.6 nm), the narrowest polydispersity index (0.129 ± 0.010), and a pronounced zeta potential (-28.23 ± 2.32 mV). All cosmeceutical activities of the oil were significantly enhanced after incorporation in the nanoemulsions (p < 0.001), particularly the whitening effects. Conclusion G. bimaculatus oil nanoemulsion was an attractive cosmeceutical formulation with potent whitening effects, along with antioxidant and anti-aging properties. Therefore, nanoemulsion technology was found to be an effective strategy for improving the cosmeceutical properties of G. bimaculatus oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Jiamphun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suchanan Bezuidenhout
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kankanit Yeerong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nutnicha Krueathanasing
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pattiya Thammasorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pipat Jittasai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Singkome Tima
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Řepka D, Kurillová A, Murtaja Y, Lapčík L. Application of Physical-Chemical Approaches for Encapsulation of Active Substances in Pharmaceutical and Food Industries. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112189. [PMID: 37297434 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Encapsulation is a valuable method used to protect active substances and enhance their physico-chemical properties. It can also be used as protection from unpleasant scents and flavors or adverse environmental conditions. METHODS In this comprehensive review, we highlight the methods commonly utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries, along with recent applications of these methods. RESULTS Through an analysis of numerous articles published in the last decade, we summarize the key methods and physico-chemical properties that are frequently considered with encapsulation techniques. CONCLUSION Encapsulation has demonstrated effectiveness and versatility in multiple industries, such as food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceuticals. Moreover, the selection of appropriate encapsulation methods is critical for the effective encapsulation of specific active compounds. Therefore, constant efforts are being made to develop novel encapsulation methods and coating materials for better encapsulation efficiency and to improve properties for specific use.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Řepka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antónia Kurillová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yousef Murtaja
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Lapčík
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Foodstuff Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nam. T.G. Masaryka 275, 762 72 Zlin, Czech Republic
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Ait-Touchente Z, Zine N, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Errachid A, Lebaz N, Fessi H, Elaissari A. Exploring the Versatility of Microemulsions in Cutaneous Drug Delivery: Opportunities and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101688. [PMID: 37242104 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions are novel drug delivery systems that have garnered significant attention in the pharmaceutical research field. These systems possess several desirable characteristics, such as transparency and thermodynamic stability, which make them suitable for delivering both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this comprehensive review, we aim to explore different aspects related to the formulation, characterization, and applications of microemulsions, with a particular emphasis on their potential for cutaneous drug delivery. Microemulsions have shown great promise in overcoming bioavailability concerns and enabling sustained drug delivery. Thus, it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of their formulation and characterization in order to optimize their effectiveness and safety. This review will delve into the different types of microemulsions, their composition, and the factors that affect their stability. Furthermore, the potential of microemulsions as drug delivery systems for skin applications will be discussed. Overall, this review will provide valuable insights into the advantages of microemulsions as drug delivery systems and their potential for improving cutaneous drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouhair Ait-Touchente
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nadia Zine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Noureddine Lebaz
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hatem Fessi
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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Tsai MJ, Chang WY, Chiu IH, Lin IL, Wu PC. Improvement in Skin Penetration Capacity of Linalool by Using Microemulsion as a Delivery Carrier: Formulation Optimization and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051446. [PMID: 37242688 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Linalool is an aromatic oil with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-UVB-induced skin damage effects. The aim of this study was to develop a linalool-loaded microemulsion formulation for topical application. In order to quickly obtain an optimal drug-loaded formulation, statistical tools of the response surface methodology and a mixed experimental design with four independent variables of oil (X1), mixed surfactant (X2), cosurfactant (X3) and water (X4) were used to design a series of model formulations in order to analyze the effect of the composition on the characteristics and permeation capacity of linalool-loaded microemulsion formulations and to obtain an appropriate drug-loaded formulation. The results showed that the droplet size, viscosity and penetration capacity of linalool-loaded formulations were significantly affected by formulation component proportions. The skin deposition amount of the drug and flux of such formulations expressively increased about 6.1-fold and 6.5-fold, respectively, when compared to the control group (5% linalool dissolved in ethanol). After 3 months of storage, the physicochemical characteristics and drug level did not show a significant change. The linalool formulation-treated rat skin showed non-significant irritation compared to skin treatments in the distilled-water-treated group. The results showed that specific microemulsion applications might be considered as potential drug delivery carriers for essential oil topical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Hui Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Lin
- Department of Medicine Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Ana RD, Gliszczyńska A, Sanchez-Lopez E, Garcia ML, Krambeck K, Kovacevic A, Souto EB. Precision Medicines for Retinal Lipid Metabolism-Related Pathologies. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040635. [PMID: 37109021 PMCID: PMC10145959 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of lipids and lipoproteins contributes to inflammation processes that promote the development of eye diseases. This is a consequence of metabolism dysregulation; for instance, that of the dysfunctional peroxisomal lipid metabolism. Dysfunction of lipid peroxidation is a critical factor in oxidative stress that causes ROS-induced cell damage. Targeting the lipid metabolism to treat ocular diseases is an interesting and effective approach that is now being considered. Indeed, among ocular structures, retina is a fundamental tissue that shows high metabolism. Lipids and glucose are fuel substrates for photoreceptor mitochondria; therefore, retina is rich in lipids, especially phospholipids and cholesterol. The imbalance in cholesterol homeostasis and lipid accumulation in the human Bruch's membrane are processes related to ocular diseases, such as AMD. In fact, preclinical tests are being performed in mice models with AMD, making this area a promising field. Nanotechnology, on the other hand, offers the opportunity to develop site-specific drug delivery systems to ocular tissues for the treatment of eye diseases. Specially, biodegradable nanoparticles constitute an interesting approach to treating metabolic eye-related pathologies. Among several drug delivery systems, lipid nanoparticles show attractive properties, e.g., no toxicological risk, easy scale-up and increased bioavailability of the loaded active compounds. This review analyses the mechanisms involved in ocular dyslipidemia, as well as their ocular manifestations. Moreover, active compounds as well as drug delivery systems which aim to target retinal lipid metabolism-related diseases are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel da Ana
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anna Gliszczyńska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elena Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria L Garcia
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karolline Krambeck
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Health Sciences School, Guarda Polytechnic Institute, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Andjelka Kovacevic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Eliana B Souto
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Uddin S, Islam MR, Moshikur RM, Wakabayashi R, Moniruzzaman M, Goto M. Modification with Conventional Surfactants to Improve a Lipid-Based Ionic-Liquid-Associated Transcutaneous Anticancer Vaccine. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072969. [PMID: 37049732 PMCID: PMC10095727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcutaneous vaccination is one of the successful, affordable, and patient-friendly advanced immunization approaches because of the presence of multiple immune-responsive cell types in the skin. However, in the absence of a preferable facilitator, the skin’s outer layer is a strong impediment to delivering biologically active foreign particles. Lipid-based biocompatible ionic-liquid-mediated nanodrug carriers represent an expedient and distinct strategy to permit transdermal drug delivery; with acceptable surfactants, the performance of drug formulations might be further enhanced. For this purpose, we formulated a lipid-based nanovaccine using a conventional (cationic/anionic/nonionic) surfactant loaded with an antigenic protein and immunomodulator in its core to promote drug delivery by penetrating the skin and boosting drug delivery and immunogenic cell activity. In a follow-up investigation, a freeze–dry emulsification process was used to prepare the nanovaccine, and its transdermal delivery, pharmacokinetic parameters, and ability to activate autoimmune cells in the tumor microenvironment were studied in a tumor-budding C57BL/6N mouse model. These analyses were performed using ELISA, nuclei and HE staining, flow cytometry, and other biological techniques. The immunomodulator-containing nanovaccine significantly (p < 0.001) increased transdermal drug delivery and anticancer immune responses (IgG, IgG1, IgG2, CD8+, CD207+, and CD103+ expression) without causing cellular or biological toxicity. Using a nanovaccination approach, it is possible to create a more targeted and efficient delivery system for cancer antigens, thereby stimulating a stronger immune response compared with conventional aqueous formulations. This might lead to more effective therapeutic and preventative outcomes for patients with cancer.
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Altay Benetti A, Tarbox T, Benetti C. Current Insights into the Formulation and Delivery of Therapeutic and Cosmeceutical Agents for Aging Skin. COSMETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics10020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
“Successful aging” counters the traditional idea of aging as a disease and is increasingly equated with minimizing age signs on the skin, face, and body. From this stems the interest in preventative aesthetic dermatology that might help with the healthy aging of skin, help treat or prevent certain cutaneous disorders, such as skin cancer, and help delay skin aging by combining local and systemic methods of therapy, instrumental devices, and invasive procedures. This review will discuss the main mechanisms of skin aging and the potential mechanisms of action for commercial products already on the market, highlighting the issues related to the permeation of the skin from different classes of compounds, the site of action, and the techniques employed to overcome aging. The purpose is to give an overall perspective on the main challenges in formulation development, especially nanoparticle formulations, which aims to defeat or slow down skin aging, and to highlight new market segments, such as matrikines and matrikine-like peptides. In conclusion, by applying enabling technologies such as those delivery systems outlined here, existing agents can be repurposed or fine-tuned, and traditional but unproven treatments can be optimized for efficacious dosing and safety.
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Comparison of the Engine Performance of Soybean Oil Biodiesel Emulsions Prepared by Phase Inversion Temperature and Mechanical Homogenization Methods. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The engine performance and emission characteristics of burning emulsions of soybean oil biodiesel in a compression-ignition diesel engine prepared through the phase inversion temperature method were compared with those of neat soybean oil biodiesel and the emulsion prepared by the mechanical homogenization method. The engine torque was set constantly at 98 N·m with varying engine speeds. The experimental results show that the emulsion prepared by the method of phase inversion temperature had higher O2 and NOx emissions, a higher excess air ratio, a higher exhaust gas temperature, and a higher brake fuel conversion efficiency than the emulsion prepared by the mechanical homogenization method, which had lower CO and CO2 emissions, a lower equivalence ratio, and lower brake-specific fuel consumption. While the neat soybean oil biodiesel was found to have the lowest fuel consumption rate, brake-specific fuel consumption, and CO and CO2 emissions, it had the highest exhaust gas temperature and brake fuel conversion efficiency, NOx and O2 emissions, and excess air ratio among those three fuels. Therefore, the phase inversion temperature method is considered promising for preparing fuel emulsions as an alternative to petro-derived diesel for compression-ignition engines.
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Roy H, Srungarapati S, Gade NJ, Gummadi A, Marry Karunasree BK, Dakkumalla M, Maddiboyina B. Citicoline loaded nanoemulsion enriched with D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate and protein: Formulation and in-silico study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Current Advances in Lipid Nanosystems Intended for Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020656. [PMID: 36839978 PMCID: PMC9967415 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin delivery is an exciting and challenging field. It is a promising approach for effective drug delivery due to its ease of administration, ease of handling, high flexibility, controlled release, prolonged therapeutic effect, adaptability, and many other advantages. The main associated challenge, however, is low skin permeability. The skin is a healthy barrier that serves as the body's primary defence mechanism against foreign particles. New advances in skin delivery (both topical and transdermal) depend on overcoming the challenges associated with drug molecule permeation and skin irritation. These limitations can be overcome by employing new approaches such as lipid nanosystems. Due to their advantages (such as easy scaling, low cost, and remarkable stability) these systems have attracted interest from the scientific community. However, for a successful formulation, several factors including particle size, surface charge, components, etc. have to be understood and controlled. This review provided a brief overview of the structure of the skin as well as the different pathways of nanoparticle penetration. In addition, the main factors influencing the penetration of nanoparticles have been highlighted. Applications of lipid nanosystems for dermal and transdermal delivery, as well as regulatory aspects, were critically discussed.
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Maleki H, Azadi H, Yousefpoor Y, Doostan M, Doostan M, Farzaei MH. Encapsulation of Ginger Extract in Nanoemulsions: Preparation, Characterization and in vivo Evaluation in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1687-1697. [PMID: 36773928 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Ginger is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant natural substance, however, its effectiveness is limited primarily due to insufficient solubility and low oral bioavailability. This study aimed to formulate ginger extract into nanoemulsion (NE) to enhance therapeutic benefits against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hence, ginger extract-loaded NEs were prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method. The NE that passed the thermodynamic stability analyses showed no phase changes or appearance of turbidity. They had an average droplet diameter of 76 ± 45 nm with a zeta potential of - 35 ± 12 mV. Besides, the high antioxidant activities (IC50 = 53.89 µg/mL), about ten times increment of the skin permeability, and no sign of skin irritancy were observed from the ginger-loaded NE. The anti-arthritic evaluations of RA-induced rats treated with ginger-loaded NE showed a significant decline in arthritic symptoms and the highest rate of paw edema inhibition (27.7 %). In addition, the level of involved inflammatory cytokines in the serum of rats was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared to the negative control, so that histopathological manifestations also approved the reduction of inflammation indications. Thus, the topical delivery of ginger-loaded NE can be an efficient approach for reducing inflammation and inhibit of RA symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Maleki
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hediyeh Azadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yaser Yousefpoor
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Khalil Abad Health Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahtab Doostan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Doostan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Science of, and insights into, thermodynamic principles for dermal formulations. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103521. [PMID: 36754143 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated the significant role of the thermodynamic activity of drugs in skin drug delivery. This thermodynamic activity works as a driving force for increasing/improving the absorption of drugs by the skin. It can be changed according to the physicochemical parameters (e.g., solubility, partition coefficient, and water activity) of the drug in the vehicle. Thermodynamic principles have been used for the development of novel topical and transdermal delivery systems, demonstrating the importance of thermodynamic activity in enhancing drug permeation through the skin. In this review, we provide insights into thermodynamic principles and their roles in optimizing topical and transdermal drug delivery systems.
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Ataide JA, Coco JC, dos Santos ÉM, Beraldo-Araujo V, Silva JRA, de Castro KC, Lopes AM, Filipczak N, Yalamarty SSK, Torchilin VP, Mazzola PG. Co-Encapsulation of Drugs for Topical Application-A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031449. [PMID: 36771111 PMCID: PMC9921006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving the best possible outcome for the therapy is the main goal of a medicine. Therefore, nanocarriers and co-delivery strategies were invented to meet this need, as they can benefit many diseases. This approach was applied specifically for cancer treatment, with some success. However, these strategies may benefit many other clinical issues. Skin is the largest and most exposed organ of the human body, with physiological and psychological properties. Due to its exposition and importance, it is not difficult to understand how many skin diseases may impact on patients' lives, representing an important burden for society. Thus, this review aims to summarize the state of the art in research concerning nanocarriers and co-delivery strategies for topical agents' applications targeting skin diseases. The challenge for the medicine of the future is to deliver the drug with spatial and temporal control. Therefore, the co-encapsulation of drugs and the appropriate form of administration for them are so important and remain as unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Artem Ataide
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julia Cedran Coco
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Mendes dos Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Beraldo-Araujo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Moreni Lopes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Vladimir P. Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-373-3206; Fax: +1-617-373-8886
| | - Priscila Gava Mazzola
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
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Mahmood T, Sarfraz RM, Ismail A, Ali M, Khan AR. Pharmaceutical Methods for Enhancing the Dissolution of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2023; 21:65-79. [PMID: 36917562 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low water solubility is the main hindrance in the growth of pharmaceutical industry. Approximately 90% of newer molecules under investigation for drugs and 40% of novel drugs have been reported to have low water solubility. The key and thought-provoking task for the formulation scientists is the development of novel techniques to overcome the solubility-related issues of these drugs. The main intention of present review is to depict the conventional and novel strategies to overcome the solubility-related problems of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class-II drugs. More than 100 articles published in the last 5 years were reviewed to have a look at the strategies used for solubility enhancement. pH modification, salt forms, amorphous forms, surfactant solubilization, cosolvency, solid dispersions, inclusion complexation, polymeric micelles, crystals, size reduction, nanonization, proliposomes, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, microemulsions, and self-emulsifying drug delivery systems are the various techniques to yield better bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. The selection of solubility enhancement technique is based on the dosage form and physiochemical characteristics of drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Rai M Sarfraz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Asmara Ismail
- Specialized Healthcare and Medical Education Department, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Specialized Healthcare and Medical Education Department, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf Khan
- Specialized Healthcare and Medical Education Department, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhang C, Zhao J, Wang W, Geng H, Wang Y, Gao B. Current advances in the application of nanomedicine in bladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114062. [PMID: 36469969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, however there are several shortcomings in current diagnostic and therapeutic measures. In terms of diagnosis, the diagnostic tools currently available are not sufficiently sensitive and specific, and imaging is poor, leading to misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses, which can delay treatment. In terms of treatment, current treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and other emerging treatments, as well as combination therapies. However, the main reasons for poor efficacy and side effects during treatment are the lack of specificity and targeting, improper dose control of drugs and photosensitizers, damage to normal cells while attacking cancer cells, and difficulty in delivering siRNA to cancer cells. Nanomedicine is an emerging approach. Among the many nanotechnologies applied in the medical field, nanocarrier-assisted drug delivery systems have attracted extensive research interest due to their great translational value. Well-designed nanoparticles can deliver agents or drugs to specific cell types within target organs through active targeting or passive targeting (enhanced permeability and retention), which allows for imaging, diagnosis, as well as treatment of cancer. This paper reviews advances in the application of various nanocarriers and their advantages and drawbacks, with a focus on their use in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Weihao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huanhuan Geng
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yinzhe Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Baoshan Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Bakhrushina EO, Shumkova MM, Sergienko FS, Novozhilova EV, Demina NB. Spray Film-Forming systems as promising topical in situ Systems: A review. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:154-169. [PMID: 36685308 PMCID: PMC9845128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spray film-forming systems (SFFSs) provide great potential for the treatment of various types of wounds. Such systems afford to prolong the action of active substances, to prevent cross-contamination, and to ensure accelerated wound healing. Spray films are known since the mid-20th century, and nowadays they are widely used to treat minor skin injuries, but numerous clinical cases describe their successful use in the treatment of burns, wounds, bedsores, etc. The current level of polymer development and composite synthesis has greatly expanded the possibilities of creating compositions of spray film-forming systems. Scattered information and lack of standardization of such delivery systems creates difficulties for pharmaceutical development. This review highlights most of the existing requirements and suggestions from studies to standardize the characteristics of SFFSs and classify them based on scientific sources and regulatory documentation, as well as the position of such systems in the pharmaceutical market. The search and evaluation of known characterization methods and their modifications, as well as the approval of their list (separately for development and for standardization) can potentially increase the research interest in the problem of spray film-forming systems development and contribute to the registration of new drugs and medical devices in this promising dosage form, including with its own pharmacological effect.
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Formulation Development and In Vitro/In Vivo Characterization of Methotrexate-Loaded Nanoemulsion Gel Formulations for Enhanced Topical Delivery. Gels 2022; 9:gels9010003. [PMID: 36661771 PMCID: PMC9857773 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate-loaded oil-in-water nanoemulsion formulations were prepared using the high shear homogenization technique. A drug excipient study (ATR-FTIR) was carried out to investigate the compatibility between the drug, the polymers, and its admixtures. The thermal stability of the nanoemulsion formulations was evaluated by subjecting them to a heating and cooling cycle. The prepared nanoemulsion formulations (FNE1 to FNE6) were evaluated for particle size, PDI value, and entrapment efficiency (EE). They were analyzed for morphological information using transmission electron microscopy. The drug (methotrexate)-loaded nanoemulsion formulations (FNE2, FNE4, and FNE6) were then converted into nanoemulsion gel formulations by adding 1% chitosan (polymer) as a gelling agent. The nanoemulsion gel formulations (FNEG2, FNEG4, and FNEG6) were investigated for physicochemical parameters, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, drug content, and skin irritation. Various penetration enhancers (olive oil, clove, and almond oil) were employed to examine the potency of the prepared nanoemulsion gel formulations. In vitro drug release, ex vivo permeation, skin drug retention, and stability tests were carried out for evaluation of the prepared nanoemulsion gel formulations (FNEG2, FNEG4, and FNEG6). The data obtained from the in vitro study were subjected to the kinetic model, and the Korsemeyer-Peppas model was best fitted to the data. The nanoemulsion gel formulation FNEG6 showed the maximum controlled drug release and followed an anomalous, non-Fickian release mechanism. The use of almond oil in the preparation of the nanoemulsion gel formulation FNEG6 helped the penetration of the drug across stratum corneum and the restructuring of the properties of skin and resulted in a higher penetration and retention of methotrexate in a deeper layer of the skin. The current study concluded that the methotrexate-loaded nanoemulsion gel formulation FNEG6 showed the best optimum release, permeation, and retention results as compared to the available oral tablets' formulations, followed by a low serum concentration and the maximum drug retention, which is beneficial in treating skin infections and reducing systemic toxicity.
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Gancitano G, Reiter RJ. The Multiple Functions of Melatonin: Applications in the Military Setting. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010005. [PMID: 36672513 PMCID: PMC9855431 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide the reader with a general overview on the rationale for the use of melatonin by military personnel. This is a technique that is being increasingly employed to manage growing psycho-physical loads. In this context, melatonin, a pleotropic and regulatory molecule, has a potential preventive and therapeutic role in maintaining the operational efficiency of military personnel. In battlefield conditions in particular, the time to treatment after an injury is often a major issue since the injured may not have immediate access to medical care. Any drug that would help to stabilize a wounded individual, especially if it can be immediately administered (e.g., per os) and has a very high safety profile over a large range of doses (as melatonin does) would be an important asset to reduce morbidity and mortality. Melatonin may also play a role in the oscillatory synchronization of the neuro-cardio-respiratory systems and, through its epigenetic action, poses the possibility of restoring the main oscillatory waves of the cardiovascular system, such as the Mayer wave and RSA (respiratory sinus arrhythmia), which, in physiological conditions, result in the oscillation of the heartbeat in synchrony with the breath. In the future, this could be a very promising field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gancitano
- 1st Carabinieri Paratrooper Regiment “Tuscania”, Italian Ministry of Defence, 57127 Livorno, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Borghi SM, Zaninelli TH, Carra JB, Heintz OK, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Therapeutic Potential of Controlled Delivery Systems in Asthma: Preclinical Development of Flavonoid-Based Treatments. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010001. [PMID: 36678631 PMCID: PMC9865502 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence and incidence, manifested by allergic inflammatory reactions, and is life-threatening for patients with severe disease. Repetitive challenges with the allergens and limitation of treatment efficacy greatly dampens successful management of asthma. The adverse events related to several drugs currently used, such as corticosteroids and β-agonists, and the low rigorous adherence to preconized protocols likely compromises a more assertive therapy. Flavonoids represent a class of natural compounds with extraordinary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with their potential benefits already demonstrated for several diseases, including asthma. Advanced technology has been used in the pharmaceutical field to improve the efficacy and safety of drugs. Notably, there is also an increasing interest for the application of these techniques using natural products as active molecules. Flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and chalcones are examples of flavonoid compounds that were tested in controlled delivery systems for asthma treatment, and which achieved better treatment results in comparison to their free forms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development of novel controlled delivery systems to enhance the therapeutic potential of flavonoids as active molecules for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M. Borghi
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina 86041-120, PR, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Carra
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Olivia K. Heintz
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
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Comparative study on the topical and transdermal delivery of diclofenac incorporated in nano-emulsions, nano-emulgels, and a colloidal suspension. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 13:1372-1389. [PMID: 36525200 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can be challenging, since the skin possesses a rate-limiting barrier, which may be overcome when APIs possess certain ideal physicochemical properties. The lack thereof would require that APIs be included in drug delivery vehicles to enhance skin permeation. Hence, diclofenac was incorporated into various drug delivery vehicles (i.e., nano-emulsions, nano-emulgels, and a colloidal suspension containing drug-loaded nanoparticles) to investigate the transdermal delivery thereof, while nano-emulsions and nano-emulgels had varying concentrations of evening primrose oil (EPO). The aim of the study was to compare the topical and transdermal diclofenac delivery from the different types of vehicles and to investigate the influence the different EPO concentrations had on diclofenac delivery. After characterization, membrane release studies were performed (to determine whether the API was successfully released from the vehicle) followed by in vitro skin diffusion studies and tape stripping (to establish whether the vehicles assisted the API in reaching the target site (transdermal delivery)). Lastly, cytotoxicity studies were conducted via methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays on human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Results showed minimal cytotoxic effects at concentrations equivalent to that which had permeated through the skin, while the membrane release and in vitro skin diffusion studies indicated that the nano-emulsions and the 10% EPO vehicles increased API release and diffusion when compared to the other vehicles. However, the colloidal suspension had the highest concentrations of API within the skin. Hence, all the vehicles were non-toxic and effectively delivered diclofenac through the transdermal route.
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