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Wu F, Zhang Z, Ma S, He Y, He Y, Ma L, Lei N, Deng W, Wang F. Microenvironment-responsive nanosystems for ischemic stroke therapy. Theranostics 2024; 14:5571-5595. [PMID: 39310102 PMCID: PMC11413776 DOI: 10.7150/thno.99822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a common neurological disorder caused by impaired blood supply to the brain, presents a therapeutic challenge. Conventional treatments like thrombolysis and neuroprotection drugs lack ideal drug delivery systems, limiting their effectiveness. Selectively delivering therapies to the ischemic cerebral tissue holds great potential for preventing and/or treating ischemia-related pathological symptoms. The unique pathological microenvironment of the brain after ischemic stroke, characterized by hypoxia, acidity, and inflammation, offers new possibilities for targeted drug delivery. Pathological microenvironment-responsive nanosystems, extensively investigated in tumors with hypoxia-responsive systems as an example, could also respond to the ischemic cerebral microenvironment and achieve brain-targeted drug delivery and release. These emerging nanosystems are gaining traction for ischemic stroke treatment. In this review, we expound on the cerebral pathological microenvironment and clinical treatment strategies of ischemic stroke, highlight various stimulus-responsive materials employed in constructing ischemic stroke microenvironment-responsive nano delivery systems, and discuss the application of these microenvironment-responsive nanosystems in microenvironment regulation for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wu
- Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shengnan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Prevention and Therapy & Intelligent Health Management, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yanyan He
- Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lixia Ma
- Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ningjing Lei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Fazhan Wang
- Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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Dhapola R, Medhi B, HariKrishnaReddy D. Insight into the pathophysiological advances and molecular mechanisms underlying cerebral stroke: current status. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:649. [PMID: 38733445 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Molecular pathways involved in cerebral stroke are diverse. The major pathophysiological events that are observed in stroke comprises of excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cellular acidosis, blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal swelling and neuronal network mutilation. Various biomolecules are involved in these pathways and several major proteins are upregulated and/or suppressed following stroke. Different types of receptors, ion channels and transporters are activated. Fluctuations in levels of various ions and neurotransmitters have been observed. Cells involved in immune responses and various mediators involved in neuro-inflammation get upregulated progressing the pathogenesis of the disease. Despite of enormity of the problem, there is not a single therapy that can limit infarction and neurological disability due to stroke. This is because of poor understanding of the complex interplay between these pathophysiological processes. This review focuses upon the past to present research on pathophysiological events that are involved in stroke and various factors that are leading to neuronal death following cerebral stroke. This will pave a way to researchers for developing new potent therapeutics that can aid in the treatment of cerebral stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Dhapola
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, 160012, India
| | - Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy
- Advanced Pharmacology and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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Golubnitschaja O, Polivka J, Potuznik P, Pesta M, Stetkarova I, Mazurakova A, Lackova L, Kubatka P, Kropp M, Thumann G, Erb C, Fröhlich H, Wang W, Baban B, Kapalla M, Shapira N, Richter K, Karabatsiakis A, Smokovski I, Schmeel LC, Gkika E, Paul F, Parini P, Polivka J. The paradigm change from reactive medical services to 3PM in ischemic stroke: a holistic approach utilising tear fluid multi-omics, mitochondria as a vital biosensor and AI-based multi-professional data interpretation. EPMA J 2024; 15:1-23. [PMID: 38463624 PMCID: PMC10923756 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Worldwide stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of death and disability combined. The estimated global economic burden by stroke is over US$891 billion per year. Within three decades (1990-2019), the incidence increased by 70%, deaths by 43%, prevalence by 102%, and DALYs by 143%. Of over 100 million people affected by stroke, about 76% are ischemic stroke (IS) patients recorded worldwide. Contextually, ischemic stroke moves into particular focus of multi-professional groups including researchers, healthcare industry, economists, and policy-makers. Risk factors of ischemic stroke demonstrate sufficient space for cost-effective prevention interventions in primary (suboptimal health) and secondary (clinically manifested collateral disorders contributing to stroke risks) care. These risks are interrelated. For example, sedentary lifestyle and toxic environment both cause mitochondrial stress, systemic low-grade inflammation and accelerated ageing; inflammageing is a low-grade inflammation associated with accelerated ageing and poor stroke outcomes. Stress overload, decreased mitochondrial bioenergetics and hypomagnesaemia are associated with systemic vasospasm and ischemic lesions in heart and brain of all age groups including teenagers. Imbalanced dietary patterns poor in folate but rich in red and processed meat, refined grains, and sugary beverages are associated with hyperhomocysteinaemia, systemic inflammation, small vessel disease, and increased IS risks. Ongoing 3PM research towards vulnerable groups in the population promoted by the European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (EPMA) demonstrates promising results for the holistic patient-friendly non-invasive approach utilising tear fluid-based health risk assessment, mitochondria as a vital biosensor and AI-based multi-professional data interpretation as reported here by the EPMA expert group. Collected data demonstrate that IS-relevant risks and corresponding molecular pathways are interrelated. For examples, there is an evident overlap between molecular patterns involved in IS and diabetic retinopathy as an early indicator of IS risk in diabetic patients. Just to exemplify some of them such as the 5-aminolevulinic acid/pathway, which are also characteristic for an altered mitophagy patterns, insomnia, stress regulation and modulation of microbiota-gut-brain crosstalk. Further, ceramides are considered mediators of oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiometabolic disease, negatively affecting mitochondrial respiratory chain function and fission/fusion activity, altered sleep-wake behaviour, vascular stiffness and remodelling. Xanthine/pathway regulation is involved in mitochondrial homeostasis and stress-driven anxiety-like behaviour as well as molecular mechanisms of arterial stiffness. In order to assess individual health risks, an application of machine learning (AI tool) is essential for an accurate data interpretation performed by the multiparametric analysis. Aspects presented in the paper include the needs of young populations and elderly, personalised risk assessment in primary and secondary care, cost-efficacy, application of innovative technologies and screening programmes, advanced education measures for professionals and general population-all are essential pillars for the paradigm change from reactive medical services to 3PM in the overall IS management promoted by the EPMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jiri Polivka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Potuznik
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Plzen and Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pesta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Stetkarova
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Department of Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Lackova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martina Kropp
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Thumann
- Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carl Erb
- Private Institute of Applied Ophthalmology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Fröhlich
- Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Group, Fraunhofer SCAI, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Bonn-Aachen International Center for IT (B-It), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wei Wang
- Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Babak Baban
- The Dental College of Georgia, Departments of Neurology and Surgery, The Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Marko Kapalla
- Negentropic Systems, Ružomberok, Slovakia
- PPPM Centre, s.r.o., Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Niva Shapira
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Kneginja Richter
- CuraMed Tagesklinik Nürnberg GmbH, Nuremberg, Germany
- Technische Hochschule Nürnberg GSO, Nuremberg, Germany
- University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Karabatsiakis
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology II, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivica Smokovski
- University Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Skopje, University Goce Delcev, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Stip, North Macedonia
| | - Leonard Christopher Schmeel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Parini
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Medicine Huddinge, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiri Polivka
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Plzen and Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Du W, Yang J, Lou Y, You J, Wang Q. Relationship between baseline bicarbonate and 30-day mortality in patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1310327. [PMID: 38234976 PMCID: PMC10793108 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1310327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the relationship between baseline bicarbonate levels and 30-day mortality in individuals with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods Patients with non-traumatic SAH were chosen from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database. The relationship between baseline bicarbonate and 30-day mortality was examined using Cox regression models. Restricted cubic splines were used to test the hypothesis that there was an association between bicarbonate and mortality. With the use of Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis, we looked deeper into the validity of these correlations. To find subgroups with differences, interaction tests were utilized. Results This retrospective cohort study consisted of 521 participants in total. Bicarbonate had a negative association with death at 30 days (HR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.88-0.98, p = 0.004). Next, we divided bicarbonate into quartile groups. In comparison to the reference group Q1 (20 mEq/L), groups Q3 (23-25 mEq/L) and Q4 (26 mEq/L) had adjusted HR values of 0.47 (95%CI: 0.27-0.82, p = 0.007) and 0.56 (95%CI: 0.31-0.99, p = 0.047). No definite conclusions can be derived from this study, since there is no obvious curve link between baseline bicarbonate and 30-day mortality. Patients' 30-day mortality increased statistically significantly (p < 0.001, K-M analysis) in patients with low bicarbonate levels. The relationship between bicarbonate and 30-day mortality remained consistent in the stratified analysis, with no observed interactions. Conclusion Finally, 30-day mortality was negatively associated with baseline bicarbonate levels. Patients with non-traumatic SAH are more at risk of mortality if their bicarbonate levels are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Du
- Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingmian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanfang Lou
- Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiahua You
- Department of Neurology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Patanè GT, Putaggio S, Tellone E, Barreca D, Ficarra S, Maffei C, Calderaro A, Laganà G. Ferroptosis: Emerging Role in Diseases and Potential Implication of Bioactive Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17279. [PMID: 38139106 PMCID: PMC10744228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that is distinguished from other types of death for its peculiar characteristics of death regulated by iron accumulation, increase in ROS, and lipid peroxidation. In the past few years, experimental evidence has correlated ferroptosis with various pathological processes including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Ferroptosis also is involved in several types of cancer because it has been shown to induce tumor cell death. In particular, the pharmacological induction of ferroptosis, contributing to the inhibition of the proliferative process, provides new ideas for the pharmacological treatment of cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that certain mechanisms including the Xc- system, GPx4, and iron chelators play a key role in the regulation of ferroptosis and can be used to block the progression of many diseases. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanism of ferroptosis and the latest advances in its multiple regulatory pathways, underlining ferroptosis' involvement in the diseases. Finally, we focused on several types of ferroptosis inducers and inhibitors, evaluating their impact on the cell death principal targets to provide new perspectives in the treatment of the diseases and a potential pharmacological development of new clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Putaggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.T.P.); (D.B.); (S.F.); (C.M.); (A.C.); (G.L.)
| | - Ester Tellone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.T.P.); (D.B.); (S.F.); (C.M.); (A.C.); (G.L.)
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6
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Jiang C, Zhou Y, Chen R, Yang M, Zhou H, Tang Z, Shi H, Qin D. Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2669. [PMID: 38140010 PMCID: PMC10748360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the world. At present, reperfusion therapy and neuroprotective therapy, as guidelines for identifying effective and adjuvant treatment methods, are limited by treatment time windows, drug bioavailability, and side effects. Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems have the characteristics of extending half-life, increasing bioavailability, targeting drug delivery, controllable drug release, and low toxicity, thus being used in the treatment of ischemic stroke to increase the therapeutic effects of drugs. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems from nanocarriers, targeting ligands and stimulus factors of drug release, aiming to find the best combination of nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems for ischemic stroke. Finally, future research areas on nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems in ischemic stroke and the implications of the current knowledge for the development of novel treatment for ischemic stroke were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengting Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China;
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Mengjia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Haimei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhengxiu Tang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
| | - Hongling Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (C.J.); (M.Y.)
- School of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; (R.C.); (H.Z.); (Z.T.)
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Everaerts K, Thapaliya P, Pape N, Durry S, Eitelmann S, Roussa E, Ullah G, Rose CR. Inward Operation of Sodium-Bicarbonate Cotransporter 1 Promotes Astrocytic Na + Loading and Loss of ATP in Mouse Neocortex during Brief Chemical Ischemia. Cells 2023; 12:2675. [PMID: 38067105 PMCID: PMC10705779 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic conditions cause an increase in the sodium concentration of astrocytes, driving the breakdown of ionic homeostasis and exacerbating cellular damage. Astrocytes express high levels of the electrogenic sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter1 (NBCe1), which couples intracellular Na+ homeostasis to regulation of pH and operates close to its reversal potential under physiological conditions. Here, we analyzed its mode of operation during transient energy deprivation via imaging astrocytic pH, Na+, and ATP in organotypic slice cultures of the mouse neocortex, complemented with patch-clamp and ion-selective microelectrode recordings and computational modeling. We found that a 2 min period of metabolic failure resulted in a transient acidosis accompanied by a Na+ increase in astrocytes. Inhibition of NBCe1 increased the acidosis while decreasing the Na+ load. Similar results were obtained when comparing ion changes in wild-type and Nbce1-deficient mice. Mathematical modeling replicated these findings and further predicted that NBCe1 activation contributes to the loss of cellular ATP under ischemic conditions, a result confirmed experimentally using FRET-based imaging of ATP. Altogether, our data demonstrate that transient energy failure stimulates the inward operation of NBCe1 in astrocytes. This causes a significant amelioration of ischemia-induced astrocytic acidification, albeit at the expense of increased Na+ influx and a decline in cellular ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Everaerts
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.E.); (N.P.); (S.D.); (S.E.)
| | - Pawan Thapaliya
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (P.T.); (G.U.)
| | - Nils Pape
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.E.); (N.P.); (S.D.); (S.E.)
| | - Simone Durry
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.E.); (N.P.); (S.D.); (S.E.)
| | - Sara Eitelmann
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.E.); (N.P.); (S.D.); (S.E.)
| | - Eleni Roussa
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 17, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Ghanim Ullah
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (P.T.); (G.U.)
| | - Christine R. Rose
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (K.E.); (N.P.); (S.D.); (S.E.)
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Wang 王宇扬 Y, Little AG, Aristizabal MJ, Robertson RM. Low Glycolysis Is Neuroprotective during Anoxic Spreading Depolarization (SD) and Reoxygenation in Locusts. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0325-23.2023. [PMID: 37932046 PMCID: PMC10683553 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0325-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Migratory locusts enter a reversible hypometabolic coma to survive environmental anoxia, wherein the cessation of CNS activity is driven by spreading depolarization (SD). While glycolysis is recognized as a crucial anaerobic energy source contributing to animal anoxia tolerance, its influence on the anoxic SD trajectory and recovery outcomes remains poorly understood. We investigated the effects of varying glycolytic capacity on adult female locust anoxic SD parameters, using glucose or the glycolytic inhibitors 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) or monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). Surprisingly, 2DG treatment shared similarities with glucose yet had opposite effects compared with MIA. Specifically, although SD onset was not affected, both glucose and 2DG expedited the recovery of CNS electrical activity during reoxygenation, whereas MIA delayed it. Additionally, glucose and MIA, but not 2DG, increased tissue damage and neural cell death following anoxia-reoxygenation. Notably, glucose-induced injuries were associated with heightened CO2 output during the early phase of reoxygenation. Conversely, 2DG resulted in a bimodal response, initially dampening CO2 output and gradually increasing it throughout the recovery period. Given the discrepancies between effects of 2DG and MIA, the current results require cautious interpretations. Nonetheless, our findings present evidence that glycolysis is not a critical metabolic component in either anoxic SD onset or recovery and that heightened glycolysis during reoxygenation may exacerbate CNS injuries. Furthermore, we suggest that locust anoxic recovery is not solely dependent on energy availability, and the regulation of metabolic flux during early reoxygenation may constitute a strategy to mitigate damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang 王宇扬
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Maria J Aristizabal
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - R Meldrum Robertson
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Zhong Y, Sun H, Chen H, Jing W, Chen W, Ma J. Association between lactate/albumin ratio and 28-day all-cause mortality in ischemic stroke patients without reperfusion therapy: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1271391. [PMID: 37900597 PMCID: PMC10601632 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1271391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The lactate/albumin ratio (LAR) has been used as a novel prognostic indicator for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, sepsis, heart failure, and acute respiratory failure. However, its potential in predicting all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) has not been evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the correlation between LAR and 28-day all-cause mortality in IS patients without reperfusion therapy. Methods This retrospective cohort study used data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) (v2.0) database. It included 568 IS adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The correlation between LAR and ICU 28-day all-cause mortality rate was analyzed using multiple COX regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were used to assess the relationship between LAR and 28-day mortality. In addition, a subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the impact of other influencing factors on outcomes. The primary outcome was the ability of LAR to predict 28-day mortality in IS patients. Results Among the 568 patients with IS, 370 survived (survival group) and 198 died (non-survival group) within 28 days of admission (mortality rate: 34.9%). A multivariate COX regression analysis indicated that LAR was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality within 28 days after admission for patients with IS (hazard ratio: 1.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.68; P = 0.025). We constructed a model that included LAR, age, race, sex, white blood cell count, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and anion gap (AG) and established a prediction model with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 71.5% (95% confidence interval: 67.1%-75.8%). The optimal cutoff value of LAR that separated the survival group and the non-survival group based on the Youden index was 0.55. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves plotted using this critical value showed that patients with LAR ≥ 0.55 had a significantly higher 28-day all-cause mortality rate than patients with LAR < 0.55 (P = 0.0083). Conclusion LAR can serve as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality within 28 days after admission for patients with IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongzhuang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjuan Jing
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junqiang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Song G, Chen Y, Luo X, Gong T, Yang H, Zhou J, Li C, Chen M. Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI features of acute ischemic stroke subtypes. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4983. [PMID: 37259224 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a highly heterogeneous disorder with distinct subtypes, and the stroke subtype influences the outcome. Amide proton transfer-weighted (APTW) MRI has been demonstrated to be promising in stroke patients, but the image characteristics of stroke subtypes have not been sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the APTW MRI features of different subtypes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Ninety-two AIS patients presenting within 96 h of symptom onset were enrolled and examined with a 3.0-T MRI system. Patients were grouped into four subtypes: lacunar circulation infarcts (LACI, n = 33); total anterior circulation infarcts (TACI, n = 9); partial anterior circulation infarcts (PACI, n = 28); and posterior circulation infarcts (POCI, n = 22). APTW values in the lesion (APTWlesion ) and the contralateral normal-appearing region (APTWcontral ) were measured. The change in APTW values between the acute ischemic lesion and the contralateral normal-appearing region (APTWles-con ) was calculated. A two-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and the Chi-square method were used. There were significant differences between APTWlesion and APTWcontral in the three categories of nonlacunar strokes (TACI, PACI, and POCI, all p < 0.01), but not for lacunar strokes (LACI, p = 0.080). TACI patients had the lowest APTWlesion and APTWles-con in all groups (p < 0.05). In the POCI group, patients with supratentorial infarcts showed significant differences between APTWlesion and APTWcontral (p = 0.001), while the differences were not significant for infratentorial infarcts (p = 0.135). Our results suggest that the APT effect was heterogeneous in different stroke subtypes, and that APTW MRI gave an excellent performence in depicting nonlacunar AIS in supratentorial locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Song
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Luo
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhou
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Chichai AS, Popova TN, Kryl'skii ED, Oleinik SA, Razuvaev GA. Indole-3-carbinol mitigates oxidative stress and inhibits inflammation in rat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model. Biochimie 2023; 213:1-11. [PMID: 37120006 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia is a significant pathogenetic factor of stroke with very limited treatment options. The objective of our research was to evaluate the protective properties of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its effect on redox status parameters, inflammation, and apoptosis intensity in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats. I3C administration to CIRI rats decreased levels of oxidative stress markers and improved aerobic metabolism compared to the animals with CIRI. A decrease in myeloperoxidase activity, proinflammatory cytokines mRNA levels, and expression of redox-sensitive factor Nuclear Factor-κB was observed in rats with CIRI that received I3C. I3C-treated rats with pathology showed decreased caspase activity and apoptosis-inducing factor expression, compared to the animals in the CIRI group. Obtained data indicate that I3C has a neuroprotective and anti-ischemic effect in CIRI that may be related to its antioxidant properties and ability to reduce the inflammatory response and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sergeevna Chichai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Tatyana Nikolaevna Popova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Evgenii Dmitrievich Kryl'skii
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Sergei Aleksandrovich Oleinik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Grigorii Andreevich Razuvaev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya Sq. 1, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
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12
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Zhang Z, Chen M, Zhan W, Chen Y, Wang T, Chen Z, Fu Y, Zhao G, Mao D, Ruan J, Yuan FL. Acid-sensing ion channel 1a modulation of apoptosis in acidosis-related diseases: implications for therapeutic intervention. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:330. [PMID: 37666823 PMCID: PMC10477349 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a), a prominent member of the acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) superfamily activated by extracellular protons, is ubiquitously expressed throughout the human body, including the nervous system and peripheral tissues. Excessive accumulation of Ca2+ ions via ASIC1a activation may occur in the acidified microenvironment of blood or local tissues. ASIC1a-mediated Ca2+‑induced apoptosis has been implicated in numerous pathologies, including neurological disorders, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis. This review summarizes the role of ASIC1a in the modulation of apoptosis via various signaling pathways across different disease states to provide insights for future studies on the underlying mechanisms and development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Minnan Chen
- Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenjing Zhan
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuechun Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Yifei Fu
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Dong Mao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, 214062, China.
| | - Jingjing Ruan
- Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng-Lai Yuan
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214041, China.
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13
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Tam HH, Zhu D, Ho SSK, Vong HW, Wong VKW, Mok SWF, Wong IN. Potential enhancement of post-stroke angiogenic response by targeting the oligomeric aggregation of p53 protein. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1193362. [PMID: 37534043 PMCID: PMC10393283 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1193362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor gene p53 and its aggregate have been found to be involved in many angiogenesis-related pathways. We explored the possible p53 aggregation formation mechanisms commonly occur after ischemic stroke, such as hypoxia and the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The angiogenic pathways involving p53 mainly occur in nucleus or cytoplasm, with one exception that occurs in mitochondria. Considering the high mitochondrial density in brain and endothelial cells, we proposed that the cyclophilin D (CypD)-dependent vascular endothelial cell (VECs) necrosis pathway occurring in the mitochondria is one of the major factors that affects angiogenesis. Hence, targeting p53 aggregation, a key intermediate in the pathway, could be an alternative therapeutic target for post-stroke management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Hei Tam
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Samuel Sze King Ho
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Heng Wai Vong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Simon Wing-Fai Mok
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Io Nam Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
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14
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Prakash R, Vyawahare A, Sakla R, Kumari N, Kumar A, Ansari MM, Jori C, Waseem A, Siddiqui AJ, Khan MA, Robertson AAB, Khan R, Raza SS. NLRP3 Inflammasome-Targeting Nanomicelles for Preventing Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Inflammatory Injury. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8680-8693. [PMID: 37102996 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a disease process that affects several vital organs. There is widespread agreement that the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway plays a crucial role in the development of I/R injury. We have developed transferrin-conjugated, pH-responsive nanomicelles for the entrapment of MCC950 drug. These nanomicelles specifically bind to the transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) expressed on the cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and thus help the cargo to cross the BBB. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of nanomicelles was assessed using in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo models of I/R injury. Nanomicelles were injected into the common carotid artery (CCA) of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model to achieve maximum accretion of nanomicelles into the brain as blood flows toward the brain in the CCA. The current study reveals that the treatment with nanomicelles significantly alleviates the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome biomarkers which were found to be increased in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated SH-SY5Y cells, the I/R-damaged right vitelline artery (RVA) of chick embryos, and the MCAO rat model. The supplementation with nanomicelles significantly enhanced the overall survival of MCAO rats. Overall, nanomicelles exerted therapeutic effects against I/R injury, which might be due to the suppression of the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Prakash
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Akshay Vyawahare
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rahul Sakla
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Md Meraj Ansari
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Sector 67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Chandrashekhar Jori
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Arshi Waseem
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Abu Junaid Siddiqui
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
| | | | - Avril A B Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rehan Khan
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow 226003, India
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15
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Kurvits S, Harro A, Reigo A, Ott A, Laur S, Särg D, Tampuu A, Alasoo K, Vilo J, Milani L, Haller T. Common clinical blood and urine biomarkers for ischemic stroke: an Estonian Electronic Health Records database study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:133. [PMID: 36966315 PMCID: PMC10039346 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major health risk without generally usable effective measures of primary prevention. Early warning signals that are easy to detect and widely available can save lives. Estonia has one nation-wide Electronic Health Record (EHR) database for the storage of medical information of patients from hospitals and primary care providers. METHODS We extracted structured and unstructured data from the EHRs of participants of the Estonian Biobank (EstBB) and evaluated different formats of input data to understand how this continuously growing dataset should be prepared for best prediction. The utility of the EHR database for finding blood- and urine-based biomarkers for IS was demonstrated by applying different analytical and machine learning (ML) methods. RESULTS Several early trends in common clinical laboratory parameter changes (set of red blood indices, lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio, etc.) were established for IS prediction. The developed ML models predicted the future occurrence of IS with very high accuracy and Random Forests was proved as the most applicable method to EHR data. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the EHR database and the risk factors uncovered are valuable resources in screening the population for risk of IS as well as constructing disease risk scores and refining prediction models for IS by ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siim Kurvits
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ainika Harro
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Reigo
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Ott
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Software Technology and Applications Competence Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sven Laur
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Software Technology and Applications Competence Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dage Särg
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Software Technology and Applications Competence Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ardi Tampuu
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Kaur Alasoo
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Vilo
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Software Technology and Applications Competence Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
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Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Rezaee M, Hossein-Khannazer N, Babajani A, Aghdaei HA, Arki MK, Afaghi S, Niknejad H, Vosough M. Exosomes for angiogenesis induction in ischemic disorders. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:763-787. [PMID: 36786037 PMCID: PMC10003030 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic disorders are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the current therapeutic approaches have improved life expectancy and quality of life, they are unable to "cure" ischemic diseases and instate regeneration of damaged tissues. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with an average size of 100-150 nm, secreted by many cell types and considered a potent factor of cells for paracrine effects. Since exosomes contain multiple bioactive components such as growth factors, molecular intermediates of different intracellular pathways, microRNAs and nucleic acids, they are considered as cell-free therapeutics. Besides, exosomes do not rise cell therapy concerns such as teratoma formation, alloreactivity and thrombotic events. In addition, exosomes are stored and utilized more convenient. Interestingly, exosomes could be an ideal complementary therapeutic tool for ischemic disorders. In this review, we discussed therapeutic functions of exosomes in ischemic disorders including angiogenesis induction through various mechanisms with specific attention to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. Furthermore, different delivery routes of exosomes and different modification strategies including cell preconditioning, gene modification and bioconjugation, were highlighted. Finally, pre-clinical and clinical investigations in which exosomes were used were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Kazem Arki
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Afaghi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Ho E, Deng Y, Akbar D, Da K, Létourneau M, Morshead CM, Chatenet D, Shoichet MS. Tunable Surface Charge Enables the Electrostatic Adsorption-Controlled Release of Neuroprotective Peptides from a Hydrogel-Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:91-105. [PMID: 36520607 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We exploit the electrostatic interactions between the positively charged neuroprotective peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), and negatively charged poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles to control PACAP release from the surface of nanoparticles dispersed in a hyaluronan-methylcellulose (HAMC) hydrogel composite. PACAP is a promising therapeutic for the treatment of neurological disorders, yet it has been difficult to deliver in vivo. Herein, the PACAP release rate was tuned by manipulating peptide adsorption onto the surface of blank nanoparticles by modifying either nanoparticle loading in the hydrogel or nanoparticle surface charge. This peptide-nanoparticle interaction was controlled by the pH-responsive carboxylic acid end terminal groups of PLGA. We further validated this system with the controlled release of a novel stabilized PACAP analog: Ac-[Ala15, Ala20]PACAP-propylamide, which masks its recognition to peptidases in circulation. Both wild-type and stabilized PACAP released from the vehicle increased the production of neuroprotective Interleukin-6 from cultured primary astrocytes. Using computational fluid dynamics methods, PACAP release from the composite was predicted based on experimentally derived adsorption isotherms, which exhibited similar release profiles to experimental data. This versatile adsorption-based system was used to deliver PACAP locally to the brains of stroke-injured mice over a 10 day period in vivo, highlighting its effectiveness for the controlled release of PACAP to the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Yaoqi Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Dania Akbar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Kevin Da
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Myriam Létourneau
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QuebecH7 V 1B7, Canada
| | - Cindi M Morshead
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E1, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E1, Canada
| | - David Chatenet
- INRS, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QuebecH7 V 1B7, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3H6, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E1, Canada
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Shehjar F, Maktabi B, Rahman ZA, Bahader GA, James AW, Naqvi A, Mahajan R, Shah ZA. Stroke: Molecular mechanisms and therapies: Update on recent developments. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105458. [PMID: 36460240 PMCID: PMC9839659 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Stroke, a neurological disease, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, resulting in long-term disability in most survivors. Annual stroke costs in the United States alone were estimated at $46 billion recently. Stroke pathophysiology is complex, involving multiple causal factors, among which atherosclerosis, thrombus, and embolus are prevalent. The molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology are essential to understanding targeted drug development. Some common mechanisms are excitotoxicity and calcium overload, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. In addition, various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors increase the chances of stroke manifolds. Once a patient encounters a stroke, complete restoration of motor ability and cognitive skills is often rare. Therefore, shaping therapeutic strategies is paramount for finding a viable therapeutic agent. Apart from tPA, an FDA-approved therapy that is applied in most stroke cases, many other therapeutic strategies have been met with limited success. Stroke therapies often involve a combination of multiple strategies to restore the patient's normal function. Certain drugs like Gamma-aminobutyric receptor agonists (GABA), Glutamate Receptor inhibitors, Sodium, and Calcium channel blockers, and fibrinogen-depleting agents have shown promise in stroke treatment. Recently, a drug, DM199, a recombinant (synthetic) form of a naturally occurring protein called human tissue kallikrein-1 (KLK1), has shown great potential in treating stroke with fewer side effects. Furthermore, DM199 has been found to overcome the limitations presented when using tPA and/or mechanical thrombectomy. Cell-based therapies like Neural Stem Cells, Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUCB-MSCs) are also being explored as a treatment of choice for stroke. These therapeutic agents come with merits and demerits, but continuous research and efforts are being made to develop the best therapeutic strategies to minimize the damage post-stroke and restore complete neurological function in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Shehjar
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Briana Maktabi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Zainab A Rahman
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ghaith A Bahader
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Antonisamy William James
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ahmed Naqvi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Reetika Mahajan
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Zahoor A Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA.
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Kecskés S, Menyhárt Á, Bari F, Farkas E. Nimodipine augments cerebrovascular reactivity in aging but runs the risk of local perfusion reduction in acute cerebral ischemia. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1175281. [PMID: 37181624 PMCID: PMC10174256 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1175281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The efficacy of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is taken as an indicator of cerebrovascular health. Methods and Results We found that CVR tested with the inhalation of 10 % CO2 declined in the parietal cortex of 18-20-month-old rats. The CVR deficit in old rats was coincident with cerebrovascular smooth muscle cell and astrocyte senescence, revealed by the immuno-labeling of the cellular senescence marker p16 in these cells. In a next series of experiments, CVR was severely impaired in the acute phase of incomplete global forebrain ischemia produced by the bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries in young adult rats. In acute ischemia, CVR impairment often manifested as a perfusion drop rather than blood flow elevation in response to hypercapnia. Next, nimodipine, an L-type voltage-gated calcium channel antagonist was administered topically to rescue CVR in both aging, and cerebra ischemia. Nimodipine augmented CVR in the aged brain, but worsened CVR impairment in acute cerebral ischemia. Discussion A careful evaluation of benefits and side effects of nimodipine is recommended, especially in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Kecskés
- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Research Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine – University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Menyhárt
- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Research Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine – University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bari
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Research Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine – University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Eszter Farkas,
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Yu J, Zhang X, Yang J, Wang Z, Zhao H, Yuan X, Fan Z, Liu H. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study of the effects of video game-based bilateral upper limb training on brain cortical activation and functional connectivity. Exp Gerontol 2022; 169:111962. [PMID: 36162532 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Video game-based therapies are widely used in rehabilitation. Compared with conventional bilateral upper limb training (CBULT), the effects of video game-based bilateral upper limb training (VGBULT) on brain cortical activation and functional connectivity, still not fully clear. We have developed a VGBULT system, and measured the brain activity of 20 elderly subjects (10 male, mean age = 62.4 ± 5.8) while performing CBULT and VGBULT tasks by using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The results showed that the cerebral cortex of the two groups both showed significant activation (p < 0.05), compared with the baseline; In the VGBLUT group, the activation of motor cortex (MC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) was stronger, and the functional connectivity between PFC and MC was also enhanced. This study showed that VGBULT is potentially more beneficial for the elderly neural activities and cognitive control, and provides a theoretical basis for future research and development of such rehabilitation products. Moreover, fNIRS is a reliable tool for tracking brain activation in the evaluation of retraining regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulong Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilin Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - HuaChao Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yuan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Fan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Heshan Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Liao J, Li Y, Luo Y, Meng S, Zhang C, Xiong L, Wang T, Lu Y. Recent Advances in Targeted Nanotherapies for Ischemic Stroke. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3026-3041. [PMID: 35905397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease caused by the narrowing or occlusion of cerebral blood vessels and is known for high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates. Clinically available treatments of stroke include the surgical removal of the thrombus and thrombolysis with tissue fibrinogen activator. Pharmaceuticals targeting IS are uncommon, and the development of new therapies is hindered by the low bioavailability and stability of many drugs. Nanomedicine provides new opportunities for the development of novel neuroprotective and thrombolytic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of IS. Numerous nanotherapeutics with different physicochemical properties are currently being developed to facilitate drug delivery by accumulation and controlled release and to improve their restorative properties. In this review, we discuss recent developments in IS therapy, including assisted drug delivery and targeting, neuroprotection through regulation of the neuron environment, and sources of endogenous biomimetic specific targeting. In addition, we discuss the role and neurotoxic effects of inorganic metal nanoparticles in IS therapy. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of nano-IS therapies that may contribute to the development of new strategies for a range of embolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yunchun Luo
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sha Meng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Liyan Xiong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ying Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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22
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Majagi S, Mangat S, Chu XP. Commentary: Pharmacological Validation of ASIC1a as a Druggable Target for Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia Using an Intravenously Available Small Molecule Inhibitor. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:938748. [PMID: 35865964 PMCID: PMC9294732 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.938748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Pozdnyakov DI, Dayronas ZV, Zolotych DS, Geraschenko AD, Shabanova NB. Neuroprotective effects of a 40% ethanol extract of the black walnut bark (Juglans nigra L.). RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.77172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Neuroprotection is a promising area of adjuvant therapy of ischemic brain lesions. At the same time, among potentially effective neuroprotectors, herbal remedies are distinguished due to their high efficiency and safety of use. In this work, some aspects of the neuroprotective effect of 40% ethanol extract of black walnut bark were investigated in comparison with its major component juglone.
Materials and methods: The work was performed on male Wistar rats, which were simulated with cerebral ischemia by irreversible occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The acute toxicity of the extract was preliminarily evaluated. During the work, the following parameters were determined: changes in the behavior of animals in the Morris water maze, cerebral blood flow, brain necrosis zone area, the activity of mitochondrial complexes, citrate synthase activity, lactic, pyruvic, and ATP concentrations. The activity of the studied extract was compared with juglone in a concentration of 1 mg/kg (per os).
Discussion: The study showed that the use of black walnut bark extract in conditions of cerebral ischemia contributed to an increase in the activity of mitochondrial complexes I-V, citrate synthase, which in turn led to the normalization of aerobic-anaerobic metabolism reactions. The increase in the activity of respiratory complexes is probably mediated by the antioxidant properties of juglone, which is a major component of the test extract of black walnut bark.
Conclusion: Thus, the test extract can be a potentially effective neuroprotective agent and requires further study.
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24
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Imenez Silva PH, Wagner CA. Physiological relevance of proton-activated GPCRs. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:487-504. [PMID: 35247105 PMCID: PMC8993716 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The detection of H+ concentration variations in the extracellular milieu is accomplished by a series of specialized and non-specialized pH-sensing mechanisms. The proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) GPR4 (Gpr4), TDAG8 (Gpr65), and OGR1 (Gpr68) form a subfamily of proteins capable of triggering intracellular signaling in response to alterations in extracellular pH around physiological values, i.e., in the range between pH 7.5 and 6.5. Expression of these receptors is widespread for GPR4 and OGR1 with particularly high levels in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, respectively, while expression of TDAG8 appears to be more restricted to the immune compartment. These receptors have been linked to several well-studied pH-dependent physiological activities including central control of respiration, renal adaption to changes in acid-base status, secretion of insulin and peripheral responsiveness to insulin, mechanosensation, and cellular chemotaxis. Their role in pathological processes such as the genesis and progression of several inflammatory diseases (asthma, inflammatory bowel disease), and tumor cell metabolism and invasiveness, is increasingly receiving more attention and makes these receptors novel and interesting targets for therapy. In this review, we cover the role of these receptors in physiological processes and will briefly discuss some implications for disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Imenez Silva
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich, Switzerland.
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25
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Wei J, Tian J, Tang C, Fang X, Miao R, Wu H, Wang X, Tong X. The Influence of Different Types of Diabetes on Vascular Complications. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:3448618. [PMID: 35242879 PMCID: PMC8888068 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3448618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The final outcome of diabetes is chronic complications, of which vascular complications are the most serious, which is the main cause of death for diabetic patients and the direct cause of the increase in the cost of diabetes. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the main types of diabetes, and their pathogenesis is completely different. Type 1 diabetes is caused by genetics and immunity to destroy a large number of β cells, and insulin secretion is absolutely insufficient, which is more prone to microvascular complications. Type 2 diabetes is dominated by insulin resistance, leading to atherosclerosis, which is more likely to progress to macrovascular complications. This article explores the pathogenesis of two types of diabetes, analyzes the pathogenesis of different vascular complications, and tries to explain the different trends in the progression of different types of diabetes to vascular complications, in order to better prevent diabetes and its vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Wei
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xinyi Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Runyu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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26
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Larkin JR, Foo LS, Sutherland BA, Khrapitchev A, Tee YK. Magnetic Resonance pH Imaging in Stroke – Combining the Old With the New. Front Physiol 2022; 12:793741. [PMID: 35185600 PMCID: PMC8852727 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.793741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of stroke has historically made use of traditional spectroscopy techniques to provide the ground truth for parameters like pH. However, techniques like 31P spectroscopy have limitations, in particular poor temporal and spatial resolution, coupled with a need for a high field strength and specialized coils. More modern magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-based imaging techniques like chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) have been developed to counter some of these limitations but lack the definitive gold standard for pH that 31P spectroscopy provides. In this perspective, both the traditional (31P spectroscopy) and emerging (CEST) techniques in the measurement of pH for ischemic imaging will be discussed. Although each has its own advantages and limitations, it is likely that CEST may be preferable simply due to the hardware, acquisition time and image resolution advantages. However, more experiments on CEST are needed to determine the specificity of endogenous CEST to absolute pH, and 31P MRS can be used to calibrate CEST for pH measurement in the preclinical model to enhance our understanding of the relationship between CEST and pH. Combining the two imaging techniques, one old and one new, we may be able to obtain new insights into stroke physiology that would not be possible otherwise with either alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Larkin
- Department of Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: James R. Larkin,
| | - Lee Sze Foo
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Brad A. Sutherland
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Alexandre Khrapitchev
- Department of Oncology, Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yee Kai Tee
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
- Yee Kai Tee,
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27
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Cheng Y, Cheng A, Jia Y, Yang L, Ning Y, Xu L, Zhong Y, Zhuang Z, Guan J, Zhang X, Lin Y, Zhou T, Fan X, Li J, Liu P, Yan G, Wu R. pH-Responsive Multifunctional Theranostic Rapamycin-Loaded Nanoparticles for Imaging and Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56909-56922. [PMID: 34807583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally and the most common cause of severe disability. Several barriers need to be addressed more effectively to treat stroke, including efficient delivery of therapeutic agents, rapid release at the infarct site, precise imaging of the infarct site, and drug distribution monitoring. The present study aimed to develop a bio-responsive theranostic nanoplatform with signal-amplifying capability to deliver rapamycin (RAPA) to ischemic brain tissues and visually monitor drug distribution. A pH-sensitive theranostic RAPA-loaded nanoparticle system was designed since ischemic tissues have a low-pH microenvironment compared with normal tissues. The nanoparticles demonstrated good stability and biocompatibility and could efficiently load rapamycin, followed by its rapid release in acidic environments, thereby improving therapeutic accuracy. The nano-drug-delivery system also exhibited acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging signal properties, enabling accurate multimodal imaging with minimal background noise, thus improving drug tracing and diagnostic accuracy. Finally, in vivo experiments confirmed that the nanoparticles preferentially aggregated in the ischemic hemisphere and exerted a neuroprotective effect in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). These pH-sensitive multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles could serve as a potential nanoplatform for drug tracing as well as the treatment and even diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. Moreover, they could be a universal solution to achieve accurate in vivo imaging and treatment of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Airong Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Chengwu County People's Hospital, Chengwu 274200, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlong Jia
- Department of Radiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei 441021, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Ning
- Department of TCM, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518028, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yazhi Zhong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zerui Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jitian Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Teng Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiusong Fan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwu Li
- Transfusion Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, China
| | - Gen Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Renhua Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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28
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Cullinan MM, Klipp RC, Bankston JR. Regulation of acid-sensing ion channels by protein binding partners. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:635-647. [PMID: 34704535 PMCID: PMC8555555 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1976946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are a family of proton-gated cation channels that contribute to a diverse array of functions including pain sensation, cell death during ischemia, and more broadly to neurotransmission in the central nervous system. There is an increasing interest in understanding the physiological regulatory mechanisms of this family of channels. ASICs have relatively short N- and C-termini, yet a number of proteins have been shown to interact with these domains both in vitro and in vivo. These proteins can impact ASIC gating, localization, cell-surface expression, and regulation. Like all ion channels, it is important to understand the cellular context under which ASICs function in neurons and other cells. Here we will review what is known about a number of these potentially important regulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Cullinan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert C Klipp
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John R Bankston
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Plasma Anion Gap and Risk of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: Analysis from the MIMIC-IV Database. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101004. [PMID: 34683145 PMCID: PMC8541378 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between the plasma anion gap (AG) and in-hospital mortality among patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In total, 1236 AIS patients were enrolled using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Database IV. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The patients were divided into four groups according to AG category. The mean age and Charlson comorbidity index increased as the AG category increased. The fourth AG category was most related to the in-hospital mortality (hazards ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.77, 1.60-4.71), even after adjusting for possible confounding variables (Model 1: HR, 95% CI: 3.37, 1.81-6.09; Model 2: HR, 95% CI: 3.57, 1.91-6.69). Moreover, intensive care unit mortality (p = 0.008) was higher in the highest AG category, but the intracranial hemorrhage (p = 0.071) did not associate with the plasma AG. The plasma AG had a satisfactory predictive ability for in-hospital mortality among AIS patients (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.631). The plasma AG is an independent risk factor that can satisfactorily predict the in-hospital mortality among AIS patients.
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30
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William M, Cegielski V, Chu XP. Commentary: Slowing of the Time Course of Acidification Decreases the Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a Current Amplitude and Modulates Action Potential Firing in Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:714204. [PMID: 34335195 PMCID: PMC8322612 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.714204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew William
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Victoria Cegielski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Xiang-Ping Chu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
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Brain Damage and Repair: From Molecular Effects to Central Nervous System Disorders. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060489. [PMID: 34072805 PMCID: PMC8229987 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronical exposures to biological, chemical and physical stressors can be particularly detrimental during the early phase of embryonic development, increasing the risk of brain dysfunctions after birth [...].
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32
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van Putten MJ, Fahlke C, Kafitz KW, Hofmeijer J, Rose CR. Dysregulation of Astrocyte Ion Homeostasis and Its Relevance for Stroke-Induced Brain Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5679. [PMID: 34073593 PMCID: PMC8198632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and chronic disability. Either recovery or progression towards irreversible failure of neurons and astrocytes occurs within minutes to days, depending on remaining perfusion levels. Initial damage arises from energy depletion resulting in a failure to maintain homeostasis and ion gradients between extra- and intracellular spaces. Astrocytes play a key role in these processes and are thus central players in the dynamics towards recovery or progression of stroke-induced brain damage. Here, we present a synopsis of the pivotal functions of astrocytes at the tripartite synapse, which form the basis of physiological brain functioning. We summarize the evidence of astrocytic failure and its consequences under ischemic conditions. Special emphasis is put on the homeostasis and stroke-induced dysregulation of the major monovalent ions, namely Na+, K+, H+, and Cl-, and their involvement in maintenance of cellular volume and generation of cerebral edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel J.A.M. van Putten
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands; (M.J.A.M.v.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Christoph Fahlke
- Institut für Biologische Informationsprozesse, Molekular-und Zellphysiologie (IBI-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Karl W. Kafitz
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Jeannette Hofmeijer
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands; (M.J.A.M.v.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Christine R. Rose
- Institute of Neurobiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
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33
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Nerve Growth Factor Peptides Bind Copper(II) with High Affinity: A Thermodynamic Approach to Unveil Overlooked Neurotrophin Roles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105085. [PMID: 34064906 PMCID: PMC8150721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a protein essential to neurons survival, which interacts with its receptor as a non-covalent dimer. Peptides belonging to NGF N-terminal domain are able to mimic the activity of the whole protein. Such activity is affected by the presence of copper ions. The metal is released in the synaptic cleft where proteins, not yet identified, may bind and transfer to human copper transporter 1 (hCtr1), for copper uptake in neurons. The measurements of the stability constants of copper complexes formed by amyloid beta and hCtr1 peptide fragments suggest that beta-amyloid (Aβ) can perform this task. In this work, the stability constant values of copper complex species formed with the dimeric form of N-terminal domain, sequence 1–15 of the protein, were determined by means of potentiometric measurements. At physiological pH, NGF peptides bind one equivalent of copper ion with higher affinity of Aβ and lower than hCtr1 peptide fragments. Therefore, in the synaptic cleft, NGF may act as a potential copper chelating molecule, ionophore or chaperone for hCtr1 for metal uptake. Copper dyshomeostasis and mild acidic environment may modify the balance between metal, NGF, and Aβ, with consequences on the metal cellular uptake and therefore be among causes of the Alzheimer’s disease onset.
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Bulli I, Dettori I, Coppi E, Cherchi F, Venturini M, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Nocentini A, Supuran CT, Pugliese AM, Pedata F. Role of Carbonic Anhydrase in Cerebral Ischemia and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors as Putative Protective Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5029. [PMID: 34068564 PMCID: PMC8126098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The only pharmacological treatment available to date for cerebral ischemia is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and the search for successful therapeutic strategies still remains a major challenge. The loss of cerebral blood flow leads to reduced oxygen and glucose supply and a subsequent switch to the glycolytic pathway, which leads to tissue acidification. Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) is the enzyme responsible for converting carbon dioxide into a protons and bicarbonate, thus contributing to pH regulation and metabolism, with many CA isoforms present in the brain. Recently, numerous studies have shed light on several classes of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) as possible new pharmacological agents for the management of brain ischemia. In the present review we summarized pharmacological, preclinical and clinical findings regarding the role of CAIs in strokes and we discuss their potential protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bulli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Ilaria Dettori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Coppi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Federica Cherchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Martina Venturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Pugliese
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Felicita Pedata
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
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Frank R, Bari F, Menyhárt Á, Farkas E. Comparative analysis of spreading depolarizations in brain slices exposed to osmotic or metabolic stress. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:33. [PMID: 33941084 PMCID: PMC8094470 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur in stroke and traumatic brain injury and are considered as a hallmark of injury progression. The complexity of conditions associated with SD in the living brain encouraged researchers to study SD in live brain slice preparations, yet methodological differences among laboratories complicate integrative data interpretation. Here we provide a comparative evaluation of SD evolution in live brain slices, in response to selected SD triggers and in various media, under otherwise standardized experimental conditions. METHODS Rat live coronal brain slices (350 μm) were prepared (n = 51). Hypo-osmotic medium (Na+ content reduced from 130 to 60 mM, HM) or oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) were applied to cause osmotic or ischemic challenge. Brain slices superfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) served as control. SDs were evoked in the control condition with pressure injection of KCl or electric stimulation. Local field potential (LFP) was recorded via an intracortical glass capillary electrode, or intrinsic optical signal imaging was conducted at white light illumination to characterize SDs. TTC and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to assess tissue damage. RESULTS Severe osmotic stress or OGD provoked a spontaneous SD. In contrast with SDs triggered in aCSF, these spontaneous depolarizations were characterized by incomplete repolarization and prolonged duration. Further, cortical SDs under HM or OGD propagated over the entire cortex and occassionally invaded the striatum, while SDs in aCSF covered a significantly smaller cortical area before coming to a halt, and never spread to the striatum. SDs in HM displayed the greatest amplitude and the most rapid propagation velocity. Finally, spontaneous SD in HM and especially under OGD was followed by tissue injury. CONCLUSIONS While the failure of Na+/K+ ATP-ase is thought to impair tissue recovery from OGD-related SD, the tissue swelling-related hyper excitability and the exhaustion of astrocyte buffering capacity are suggested to promote SD evolution under osmotic stress. In contrast with OGD, SD propagating under hypo-osmotic condition is not terminal, yet it is associated with irreversible tissue injury. Further investigation is required to understand the mechanistic similarities or differences between the evolution of SDs spontaneously occurring in HM and under OGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Frank
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 9, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bari
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 9, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Menyhárt
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 9, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 9, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
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Balança B, Desmurs L, Grelier J, Perret-Liaudet A, Lukaszewicz AC. DAMPs and RAGE Pathophysiology at the Acute Phase of Brain Injury: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052439. [PMID: 33670976 PMCID: PMC7957733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early or primary injury due to brain aggression, such as mechanical trauma, hemorrhage or is-chemia, triggers the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the extracellular space. Some DAMPs, such as S100B, participate in the regulation of cell growth and survival but may also trigger cellular damage as their concentration increases in the extracellular space. When DAMPs bind to pattern-recognition receptors, such as the receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), they lead to non-infectious inflammation that will contribute to necrotic cell clearance but may also worsen brain injury. In this narrative review, we describe the role and ki-netics of DAMPs and RAGE at the acute phase of brain injury. We searched the MEDLINE database for “DAMPs” or “RAGE” or “S100B” and “traumatic brain injury” or “subarachnoid hemorrhage” or “stroke”. We selected original articles reporting data on acute brain injury pathophysiology, from which we describe DAMPs release and clearance upon acute brain injury, and the implication of RAGE in the development of brain injury. We will also discuss the clinical strategies that emerge from this overview in terms of biomarkers and therapeutic perspectives
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Balança
- Department of Neurological Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Bron, France;
- Team TIGER, Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69500 Bron, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-6-2391-0594
| | - Laurent Desmurs
- Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Bron, France; (L.D.); (A.P.-L.)
| | - Jérémy Grelier
- Department of Neurological Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Bron, France;
| | - Armand Perret-Liaudet
- Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, 69500 Bron, France; (L.D.); (A.P.-L.)
- Team BIORAN, Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Anne-Claire Lukaszewicz
- Department of Neurological Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France;
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