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Zhang L, Mo X, Jiang Z, Mai W, Su H, Zhang Z, Ye K, Fu D, Zhao S, Shi C. Contralateral renal change in a unilateral ureteral obstruction rat model using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2359642. [PMID: 38860328 PMCID: PMC11168327 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2359642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most functional magnetic resonance research has primarily examined alterations in the affected kidney, often neglecting the contralateral kidney. Our study aims to investigate whether imaging parameters accurately depict changes in both the renal cortex and medulla in a unilateral ureteral obstruction rat model, thereby showcasing the utility of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in evaluating contralateral renal changes. METHODS Six rats underwent MR scans and were subsequently sacrificed for baseline histological examination. Following the induction of left ureteral obstruction, 48 rats were scanned, and the histopathological examinations were conducted on days 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pure molecular diffusion (D), pseudodiffusion (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) values were measured using IVIM. RESULTS On the 10th day of obstruction, both cortical and medullary ADC values differed significantly between the UUO10 group and the sham group (p < 0.01). The cortical D values showed statistically significant differences between UUO3 group and sham group (p < 0.01) but not among UUO groups at other time point. Additionally, the cortical and medullary f values were statistically significant between the UUO21 group and the sham group (p < 0.01). Especially, the cortical f values exhibited significant differences between the UUO21 group and the UUO groups with shorter obstruction time (at time point of 3, 7, 10, 14 day) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Significant hemodynamic alterations were observed in the contralateral kidney following renal obstruction. IVIM accurately captures changes in the unobstructed kidney. Particularly, the cortical f value exhibits the highest potential for assessing contralateral renal modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtao Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xukai Mo
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijie Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenfeng Mai
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiwei Su
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Kunlin Ye
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Fu
- Medical Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, China
| | - Shuangquan Zhao
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changzheng Shi
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhong X, Huang Y, Jia J, Liu J, Su H, Hu Q, Tan R, Wang L. Astragalus mongholicus bunge and panax notoginseng formula (A&P) improves renal fibrosis in UUO mice via inhibiting the long non-coding RNA A330074K22Rik and downregulating ferroptosis signaling. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:273. [PMID: 39030535 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its associated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are significant health problems that pose a threat to human well-being. Renal fibrosis is a common feature and ultimate pathological outcome of various CKD leading to ESRD. The Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Panax notoginseng formula (A&P) is a refined compound formulated by our research group, which has been clinically administered for over a decade and has demonstrated the ability to improve the inflammatory state of various acute or chronic kidney diseases. However, the underlying mechanism by which A&P ameliorates renal fibrosis remains unclear. METHODS We established a mouse model by surgically ligating the unilateral ureter to induce renal injury in vivo. And we utilized renal in situ electroporation of a plasmid with low LncRNA A33 expression to establish the unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO)mouse model. In vitro, we stimulated primary tubular epithelial cells(pTEC) injury using TGF-β1, siRNA-A33, and pcDNA3.1-A33 plasmids were transfected into pTECs to respectively knockdown and overexpress LncRNA A33, and both in vitro and in vivo models were intervened with A&P. RESULTS The results demonstrated that A&P effectively alleviated renal fibrosis in mice. Subsequent findings indicated high expression of LncRNA A33 in the kidneys of UUO mice and TGF-β1-induced renal tubular cells. In situ, renal electroporation of a plasmid with reduced LncRNA A33 expression revealed that inhibiting LncRNA A33 significantly improved renal fibrosis in UUO mice. Moreover, A&P effectively suppressed LncRNA A33 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent downregulation of LncRNA A33 in renal tubular epithelial cells resulted in the downregulation of numerous fibrotic markers, a significant inhibition of LncRNA A33, and a notable reduction in downstream ferroptosis signaling. Cell experiments demonstrated that A&P improved renal fibrosis in UUO mice by inhibiting LncRNA A33 and downregulating ferroptosis signaling. CONCLUSION Through the inhibition of LncRNA A33 and subsequent downregulation of ferroptosis signaling, A&P showed potential as a therapeutic approach for improving renal fibrosis in UUO mice, providing a potential treatment avenue for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhong
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 187 Chunhui Avenue, Longma-Tan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Jia
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 187 Chunhui Avenue, Longma-Tan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Su
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 187 Chunhui Avenue, Longma-Tan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiongdan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Ruizhi Tan
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 187 Chunhui Avenue, Longma-Tan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 187 Chunhui Avenue, Longma-Tan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Fei S, Ma Y, Zhou B, Chen X, Zhang Y, Yue K, Li Q, Gui Y, Xiang T, Liu J, Yang B, Wang L, Huang X. Platelet membrane biomimetic nanoparticle-targeted delivery of TGF-β1 siRNA attenuates renal inflammation and fibrosis. Int J Pharm 2024; 659:124261. [PMID: 38782155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The progression of renal fibrosis to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is significantly influenced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signal pathway. This study aimed to develop nanoparticles (PMVs@PLGA complexes) with platelet membrane camouflage, which can transport interfering RNA to target and regulate the TGF-β1 pathway in damaged renal tissues. The aim is to reduce the severity of acute kidney injury and to reduce fibrosis in chronic kidney disease. Hence, we formulated PMVs@TGF-β1-siRNA NP complexes and employed them for both in vitro and in vivo therapy. From the experimental findings we know that the PMVs@siRNA NPs could effectively target the kidneys in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice and ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) mice. In animal models of treatment, PMVs@siRNA NP complexes effectively decreased the expression of TGF-β1 and mitigated inflammation and fibrosis in the kidneys by blocking the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. Therefore, these PMVs@siRNA NP complexes can serve as a promising biological delivery system for treating kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Fei
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yidan Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Kun Yue
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Qingxin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Gui
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Tianya Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Jianhang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester LE1 9HN, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China; Nantong Egens Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xinzhong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China.
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Abou Taha MA, Ali FEM, Saleh IG, Akool ES. Sorafenib and edaravone protect against renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction via inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and RIPK-3/MLKL pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03146-z. [PMID: 38874805 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common endpoint of nearly all chronic and progressive nephropathies. Cell death and sterile inflammation are the main characteristics of renal fibrosis, which can lead to end-stage renal failure. The inflammatory reaction triggered by tissue damage is strongly related to necroptosis, a type of caspase-independent, regulated cell death. Using an animal model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), the anti-fibrotic effects of sorafenib (SOF), a multi-kinase inhibitor, and edaravone (EDV), a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger, were examined in rats with obstructive nephropathy. Experimentally, animals were divided randomly into five groups: sham; UUO; UUO + SOF (5 mg/kg/day, P.O.); UUO + EDV (20 mg/kg/day, P.O.); and UUO + SOF + EDV groups. The kidney function biomarkers, oxidant/antioxidant status, renal mRNA expressions of TNF-α, collagen-1α, protein expressions of RIPK-1, RIPK-3, MLKL, caspase-8, HYP, MPO, and TNF-α were all significantly modulated by UUO. Administration of either SOF or EDV significantly attenuated cellular and molecular changes induced by UUO. Also, histopathological changes were improved. Moreover, SOF in combination with EDV, significantly improved UUO-induced renal fibrosis compared with each drug alone. Collectively, administration of either SOF or EDV or both of them significantly attenuated the rats with obstructive nephropathy, possibly by blocking the RIPK-3/MLKL necroptotic pathway and suppressing renal oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abou Taha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim G Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed Akool
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Shen P, Deng X, Li T, Chen X, Wu X. Demethylzeylasteral protects against renal interstitial fibrosis by attenuating mitochondrial complex I-mediated oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117986. [PMID: 38437887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a main pathological process in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Demethylzeylasteral (DML), a major component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., has anti-renal fibrosis effects. However, its mechanism of action remains incompletely understood. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to comprehensively examine the effects of DML on RIF and the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pathological experiments were performed to determine the therapeutic effect of DML on a mouse model of UUO-induced RIF. To determine the novel mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of DML against RIF, a comprehensive transcriptomics analysis was performed on renal tissues, which was further verified by a series of experiments. RESULTS Pathological and immunohistochemical staining showed that DML inhibited UUO-induced renal damage and reduced the expression of fibrosis-related proteins in mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the partial subunits of mitochondrial complex (MC) I and II may be targets by which DML protects against RIF. Furthermore, DML treatment reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, consequently promoting ATP production and mitigating oxidative stress-induced injury in mice and cells. Notably, this protective effect was attributed to the inhibition of MC I activity, suggesting a crucial role for this specific complex in mediating the therapeutic effects of DML against RIF. CONCLUSIONS This study provides compelling evidence that DML may be used to treat RIF by effectively suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress injury mediated by MC I. These findings offer valuable insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of DML and its potential clinical application for patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China.
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, China.
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Cui Y, Chen C, Tang Z, Yuan W, Yue K, Cui P, Qiu X, Zhang H, Li T, Zhu X, Luo J, Sun S, Li Y, Feng C, Peng L, Xie X, Guo Y, Xie Y, Jiang X, Qi Z, Thomson AW, Dai H. TREM2 deficiency aggravates renal injury by promoting macrophage apoptosis and polarization via the JAK-STAT pathway in mice. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:401. [PMID: 38849370 PMCID: PMC11161629 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is an immune receptor that affects cellular phenotypes by modulating phagocytosis and metabolism, promoting cell survival, and counteracting inflammation. Its role in renal injury, in particular, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced renal injury remains unclear. In our study, WT and Trem2-/- mice were employed to evaluate the role of TREM2 in renal macrophage infiltration and tissue injury after UUO. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from both mouse genotypes were cultured and polarized for in vitro experiments. Next, the effects of TREM2 on renal injury and macrophage polarization in IRI mice were also explored. We found that TREM2 expression was upregulated in the obstructed kidneys. TREM2 deficiency exacerbated renal inflammation and fibrosis 3 and 7 days after UUO, in association with reduced macrophage infiltration. Trem2-/- BMDM exhibited increased apoptosis and poorer survival compared with WT BMDM. Meanwhile, TREM2 deficiency augmented M1 and M2 polarization after UUO. Consistent with the in vivo observations, TREM2 deficiency led to increased polarization of BMDM towards the M1 proinflammatory phenotype. Mechanistically, TREM2 deficiency promoted M1 and M2 polarization via the JAK-STAT pathway in the presence of TGF-β1, thereby affecting cell survival by regulating mTOR signaling. Furthermore, cyclocreatine supplementation alleviated cell death caused by TREM2 deficiency. Additionally, we found that TREM2 deficiency promoted renal injury, fibrosis, and macrophage polarization in IRI mice. The current data suggest that TREM2 deficiency aggravates renal injury by promoting macrophage apoptosis and polarization via the JAK-STAT pathway. These findings have implications for the role of TREM2 in the regulation of renal injury that justify further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zhouqi Tang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wenjia Yuan
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Kaiye Yue
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Pengcheng Cui
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hedong Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Tengfang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xuejing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yaguang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Longkai Peng
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Helong Dai
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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7
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Chen H, You R, Guo J, Zhou W, Chew G, Devapragash N, Loh JZ, Gesualdo L, Li Y, Jiang Y, Tan ELS, Chen S, Pontrelli P, Pesce F, Behmoaras J, Zhang A, Petretto E. WWP2 Regulates Renal Fibrosis and the Metabolic Reprogramming of Profibrotic Myofibroblasts. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:696-718. [PMID: 38502123 PMCID: PMC11164121 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points WWP2 expression is elevated in the tubulointerstitium of fibrotic kidneys and contributes to CKD pathogenesis and progression. WWP2 uncouples the profibrotic activation and cell proliferation in renal myofibroblasts. WWP2 controls mitochondrial respiration in renal myofibroblasts through the metabolic regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha. Background Renal fibrosis is a common pathologic end point in CKD that is challenging to reverse, and myofibroblasts are responsible for the accumulation of a fibrillar collagen–rich extracellular matrix. Recent studies have unveiled myofibroblasts' diversity in proliferative and fibrotic characteristics, which are linked to different metabolic states. We previously demonstrated the regulation of extracellular matrix genes and tissue fibrosis by WWP2, a multifunctional E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase. Here, we investigate WWP2 in renal fibrosis and in the metabolic reprograming of myofibroblasts in CKD. Methods We used kidney samples from patients with CKD and WWP2 -null kidney disease mice models and leveraged single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to detail the cell-specific regulation of WWP2 in fibrotic kidneys. Experiments in primary cultured myofibroblasts by bulk-RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, metabolomics, and cellular metabolism assays were used to study the metabolic regulation of WWP2 and its downstream signaling. Results The tubulointerstitial expression of WWP2 was associated with fibrotic progression in patients with CKD and in murine kidney disease models. WWP2 deficiency promoted myofibroblast proliferation and halted profibrotic activation, reducing the severity of renal fibrosis in vivo . In renal myofibroblasts, WWP2 deficiency increased fatty acid oxidation and activated the pentose phosphate pathway, boosting mitochondrial respiration at the expense of glycolysis. WWP2 suppressed the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), a metabolic mediator of fibrotic response, and pharmacologic inhibition of PGC-1α partially abrogated the protective effects of WWP2 deficiency on myofibroblasts. Conclusions WWP2 regulates the metabolic reprogramming of profibrotic myofibroblasts by a WWP2-PGC-1α axis, and WWP2 deficiency protects against renal fibrosis in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Chen
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ran You
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gabriel Chew
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Nithya Devapragash
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Jui Zhi Loh
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Yanwei Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuteng Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Elisabeth Li Sa Tan
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Science, Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pesce
- Division of Renal Medicine, Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina—Gemelli Isola, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Centre for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- School of Science, Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Kundu S, Gairola S, Verma S, Mugale MN, Sahu BD. Chronic kidney disease activates the HDAC6-inflammatory axis in the heart and contributes to myocardial remodeling in mice: inhibition of HDAC6 alleviates chronic kidney disease-induced myocardial remodeling. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01056-y. [PMID: 38771318 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) adversely affects the heart. The underlying mechanism and the interplay between the kidney and the heart are still obscure. We examined the cardiac effect using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced CKD pre-clinical model in mice. Echocardiography, histopathology of the heart, myocardial mRNA expression of ANP and BNP, the extent of fibrotic (TGF-β, α-SMA, and collagen I) and epigenetic (histone deacetylases, namely HDAC3, HDAC4, and HDAC6) proteins, and myocardial inflammatory response were assessed. Six weeks of post-UUO surgery, we observed a compromised left-ventricular wall thickness and signs of cardiac hypertrophy, accumulation of fibrosis associated, and inflammatory proteins in the heart. In addition, we observed a perturbation of epigenetic proteins, especially HDAC3, HDAC4, and HDAC6, in the heart. Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 using ricolinostat (RIC) lessened cardiac damage and improved left-ventricular wall thickness. The RIC treatment substantially restored the serum cardiac injury markers, namely creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, ANP and BNP mRNA expression, and heart histological changes. The extent of myocardial fibrotic proteins, phospho-NF-κB (p65), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-1β) were significantly decreased in the RIC treatment group. Further findings revealed the CKD-induced infiltration of CD3, CD8a, CD11c, and F4/80 positive inflammatory cells in the heart. Treatment with RIC substantially reduced the myocardial infiltration of these inflammatory cells. From these findings, we believe that CKD-induced myocardial HDAC6 perturbation has a deteriorative effect on the heart, and inhibition of HDAC6 can be a promising approach to alleviate CKD-induced myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Shobhit Gairola
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Smriti Verma
- Department of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226 031, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Department of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226 031, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Assam, 781101, India.
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9
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Kösters P, Cazorla-Vázquez S, Krüger R, Daniel C, Vonbrunn E, Amann K, Engel FB. Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor Gpr126 ( Adgrg6) Expression Profiling in Diseased Mouse, Rat, and Human Kidneys. Cells 2024; 13:874. [PMID: 38786096 PMCID: PMC11119830 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the function of understudied G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) provides a wealth of untapped therapeutic potential. The poorly understood adhesion GPCR Gpr126 (Adgrg6) is widely expressed in developing kidneys. In adulthood, Gpr126 expression is enriched in parietal epithelial cells (PECs) and epithelial cells of the collecting duct and urothelium. Whether Gpr126 plays a role in kidney disease remains unclear. Here, we characterized Gpr126 expression in diseased kidneys in mice, rats, and humans. RT-PCR data show that Gpr126 expression is altered in kidney disease. A quantitative RNAscope® analysis utilizing cell type-specific markers revealed that Gpr126 expression upon tubular damage is mainly increased in cell types expressing Gpr126 under healthy conditions as well as in cells of the distal and proximal tubules. Upon glomerular damage, an increase was mainly detected in PECs. Notably, Gpr126 expression was upregulated in an ischemia/reperfusion model within hours, while upregulation in a glomerular damage model was only detected after weeks. An analysis of kidney microarray data from patients with lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), hypertension, and diabetes as well as single-cell RNA-seq data from kidneys of patients with acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease indicates that GPR126 expression is also altered in human kidney disease. In patients with FSGS, an RNAscope® analysis showed that GPR126 mRNA is upregulated in PECs belonging to FSGS lesions and proximal tubules. Collectively, we provide detailed insights into Gpr126 expression in kidney disease, indicating that GPR126 is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kösters
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.K.); (S.C.-V.); (C.D.); (E.V.); (K.A.)
| | - Salvador Cazorla-Vázquez
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.K.); (S.C.-V.); (C.D.); (E.V.); (K.A.)
| | - René Krüger
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.K.); (S.C.-V.); (C.D.); (E.V.); (K.A.)
| | - Eva Vonbrunn
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.K.); (S.C.-V.); (C.D.); (E.V.); (K.A.)
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.K.); (S.C.-V.); (C.D.); (E.V.); (K.A.)
| | - Felix B. Engel
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.K.); (S.C.-V.); (C.D.); (E.V.); (K.A.)
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10
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Rudman-Melnick V, Vanhoutte D, Stowers K, Sargent M, Adam M, Ma Q, Perl AKT, Miethke AG, Burg A, Shi T, Hildeman DA, Woodle ESS, Kofron JM, Devarajan P. Gucy1α1 specifically marks kidney, heart, lung and liver fibroblasts. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.15.594404. [PMID: 38798483 PMCID: PMC11118280 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.15.594404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common outcome of numerous pathologies, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), a progressive renal function deterioration. Current approaches to target activated fibroblasts, key effector contributors to fibrotic tissue remodeling, lack specificity. Here, we report Gucy1α1 as a specific kidney fibroblast marker. Gucy1α1 levels significantly increased over the course of two clinically relevant murine CKD models and directly correlated with established fibrosis markers. Immunofluorescent (IF) imaging showed that Gucy1α1 comprehensively labelled cortical and medullary quiescent and activated fibroblasts in the control kidney and throughout injury progression, respectively. Unlike traditionally used markers platelet derived growth factor receptor beta (Pdgfrβ) and vimentin (Vim), Gucy1α1 did not overlap with off-target populations such as podocytes. Notably, Gucy1α1 labelled kidney fibroblasts in both male and female mice. Furthermore, we observed elevated GUCY1α1 expression in the human fibrotic kidney and lung. Studies in the murine models of cardiac and liver fibrosis revealed Gucy1α1 elevation in activated Pdgfrβ-, Vim- and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSma)-expressing fibroblasts paralleling injury progression and resolution. Overall, we demonstrate Gucy1α1 as an exclusive fibroblast marker in both sexes. Due to its multiorgan translational potential, GUCY1α1 might provide a novel promising strategy to specifically target and mechanistically examine fibroblasts.
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11
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Feng L, Lin Z, Tang Z, Zhu L, Xu S, Tan X, Wang X, Mai J, Tan Q. Emodin improves renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis through the mediation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α). Eur J Histochem 2024; 68:3917. [PMID: 38742403 PMCID: PMC11128849 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2024.3917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading public health issue associated with high morbidity worldwide. However, there are only a few effective therapeutic strategies for CKD. Emodin, an anthraquinone compound from rhubarb, can inhibit fibrosis in tissues and cells. Our study aims to investigate the antifibrotic effect of emodin and the underlying molecular mechanism. A unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced rat model was established to evaluate the effect of emodin on renal fibrosis development. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to analyze histopathological changes and fibrotic features after emodin treatment. Subsequently, a transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced cell model was used to assess the inhibition of emodin on cell fibrosis in vitro. Furthermore, Western blot analysis and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed to validate the regulatory mechanism of emodin on renal fibrosis progression. As a result, emodin significantly improved histopathological abnormalities in rats with UUO. The expression of fibrosis biomarkers and mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins also decreased after emodin treatment. Moreover, emodin blocked TGF-β1-induced fibrotic phenotype, lipid accumulation, and mitochondrial homeostasis in NRK-52E cells. Conversely, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) silencing significantly reversed these features in emodin-treated cells. Collectively, emodin plays an important role in regulating PGC-1α-mediated mitochondria function and energy homeostasis. This indicates that emodin exhibits great inhibition against renal fibrosis and acts as a promising inhibitor of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuchang Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen.
| | - Zaoqiang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen.
| | - Zeyong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou.
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital; Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen.
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen.
| | - Xi Tan
- Medicopsychology, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen.
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Medicopsychology, School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing.
| | - Jianling Mai
- Department of Hemodialysis, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou.
| | - Qinxiang Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen.
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12
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Deng B, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang D, Cheng L, Su P, Yu T, Bao G, Li G, Hong L, Miao X, Yang W, Wang R, Xie J. Novel Peptide DR3penA as a Low-Toxicity Antirenal Fibrosis Agent by Suppressing the TGF-β1/miR-212-5p/Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class a Domain Containing 4/Smad Axis. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1126-1141. [PMID: 38633584 PMCID: PMC11020069 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a complex pathological process that contributes to the development of chronic kidney disease due to various risk factors. Conservative treatment to curb progression without dialysis or renal transplantation is widely applicable, but its effectiveness is limited. Here, the inhibitory effect of the novel peptide DR3penA (DHα-(4-pentenyl)-AlaNPQIR-NH2), which was developed by our group, on renal fibrosis was assessed in cells and mice with established fibrosis and fibrosis triggered by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), unilateral ureteral obstruction, and repeated low-dose cisplatin. DR3penA preserved renal function and ameliorated renal fibrosis at a dose approximately 100 times lower than that of captopril, which is currently used in the clinic. DR3penA also significantly reduced existing fibrosis and showed similar efficacy after subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection. Mechanistically, DR3penA repressed TGF-β1 signaling via miR-212-5p targeting of low-density lipoprotein receptor class a domain containing 4, which interacts with Smad2/3. In addition to having good pharmacological effects, DR3penA could preferentially target injured kidneys and exhibited low toxicity in acute and chronic toxicity experiments. These results unveil the advantages of DR3penA regarding efficacy and toxicity, making it a potential candidate compound for renal fibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochuan Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Medical
Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University
Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ping Su
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tingli Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guangjun Bao
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University
Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecular and Drug Discovery,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaokang Miao
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenle Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Institute
of Materia Medica and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union
Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School
of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science,
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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13
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Cascio S, Kaefer M, Bagli D, Nelson CP, Nieuwhof-Leppink A, Braga LH, Herbst KW, Garriboli M, Kalfa N, Harper L, Fossum M. The importance of animal specificity in animal experimentation, part II: Physiological challenges and opportunities in relation to pediatric urology. J Pediatr Urol 2024; 20:315-317. [PMID: 38238242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
When performing animal experimentation in Pediatric Urology studies, it is important to be aware of physiological differences between species and to understand when relevant disease models are available. Diseased animal models may be more relevant in many cases, rather than performing studies in healthy and normally developed animals. For example, they may be more appropriate for the study of congenital malformations, to investigate the secondary effects of prenatal urinary obstruction, to study the effect of prenatal exposure to endogenous or exogenous factors which may lead to disease, or in testing bioengineered structures. In this short educational article, we aim to describe some disease models that have been used to simulate human pathologies and how, if properly designed, these studies can lead to important new knowledge for human translation. In addition, we also highlight the importance of formulating a research question(s) before deciding on the animal experimental model and species to choose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cascio
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, University College Dublin and Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Kaefer
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Darius Bagli
- Division of Urology, Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children and Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caleb P Nelson
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA, United States
| | - Anka Nieuwhof-Leppink
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Luis H Braga
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McMaster University, McMaster Children's Hospital, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Katherine W Herbst
- Connecticut Children's Research Institute, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Massimo Garriboli
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Kalfa
- Service de Chirurgie Urologique Pédiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Luke Harper
- Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Pellegrin-Enfants, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - Magdalena Fossum
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Clinic C, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University, Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Finch RH, Vitry G, Siew K, Walsh SB, Behesti A, Hardiman G, da Silveira WA. Spaceflight causes strain-dependent gene expression changes associated with lipid and extracellular matrix dysregulation in the mouse kidney in vivo. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.13.584781. [PMID: 38559158 PMCID: PMC10979940 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.13.584781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
To explore new worlds we must ensure humans can survive and thrive in the space environment. Incidence of kidney stones in astronauts is a major risk factor associated with long term missions, caused by increased blood calcium levels due to bone demineralisation triggered by microgravity and space radiation. Transcriptomic changes have been observed in other tissues during spaceflight, including the kidney. We analysed kidney transcriptome patterns in two different strains of mice flown on the International Space Station, C57BL/6J and BALB/c. Here we show a link between spaceflight and transcriptome patterns associated with dysregulation of lipid and extracellular matrix metabolism and altered transforming growth factor-beta signalling. A stronger response was seen in C57BL/6J mice than BALB/c. Genetic differences in hyaluronan metabolism between strains may confer protection against extracellular matrix remodelling through downregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We intend for our findings to contribute to development of new countermeasures against kidney disease in astronauts and people here on Earth. Highlights Spaceflight has a significant effect on gene expression in the kidney.Responses in the BALB/c indicate milder transcriptomic perturbations than C57BL/6J.Lipid metabolism was altered in both strains of mice.Extracellular matrix metabolism and TGF-β signalling up in BALB/c down in C57BL/6J.Reduced gene expression of hyaluronan synthesis pathway in BALB/c but not in C57BL/6J.
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15
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Wyczanska M, Thalmeier F, Keller U, Klaus R, Narasimhan H, Ji X, Schraml BU, Wackerbarth LM, Lange-Sperandio B. Interleukin-10 enhances recruitment of immune cells in the neonatal mouse model of obstructive nephropathy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5495. [PMID: 38448513 PMCID: PMC10917785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract obstruction during renal development leads to inflammation, leukocyte infiltration, tubular cell death, and interstitial fibrosis. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, produced mainly by monocytes/macrophages and regulatory T-cells. IL-10 inhibits innate and adaptive immune responses. IL-10 has a protective role in the adult model of obstructive uropathy. However, its role in neonatal obstructive uropathy is still unclear which led us to study the role of IL-10 in neonatal mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). UUO serves as a model for congenital obstructive nephropathies, a leading cause of kidney failure in children. Newborn Il-10-/- and C57BL/6 wildtype-mice (WT) were subjected to complete UUO or sham-operation on the 2nd day of life. Neonatal kidneys were harvested at day 3, 7, and 14 of life and analyzed for different leukocyte subpopulations by FACS, for cytokines and chemokines by Luminex assay and ELISA, and for inflammation, programmed cell death, and fibrosis by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Compared to WT mice, Il-10-/- mice showed reduced infiltration of neutrophils, CD11bhi cells, conventional type 1 dendritic cells, and T-cells following UUO. Il-10-/- mice with UUO also showed a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release compared to WT with UUO, mainly of IP-10, IL-1α, MIP-2α and IL-17A. In addition, Il-10-/- mice showed less necroptosis after UUO while the rate of apoptosis was not different. Finally, α-SMA and collagen abundance as readout for fibrosis were similar in Il-10-/- and WT with UUO. Surprisingly and in contrast to adult Il-10-/- mice undergoing UUO, neonatal Il-10-/- mice with UUO showed a reduced inflammatory response compared to respective WT control mice with UUO. Notably, long term changes such as renal fibrosis were not different between neonatal Il-10-/- and neonatal WT mice with UUO suggesting that IL-10 signaling is different in neonates and adults with UUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Wyczanska
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Thalmeier
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Keller
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Klaus
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Hamsa Narasimhan
- Biomedical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Xingqi Ji
- Biomedical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Barbara U Schraml
- Biomedical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lou M Wackerbarth
- Biomedical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bärbel Lange-Sperandio
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany.
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16
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Aranda-Rivera AK, Cruz-Gregorio A, Amador-Martínez I, Medina-Campos ON, Garcia-Garcia M, Bernabe-Yepes B, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Tapia E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Sulforaphane protects from kidney damage during the release of unilateral ureteral obstruction (RUUO) by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2): Role of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:49-64. [PMID: 38141891 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Releasing unilateral ureteral obstruction (RUUO) is the gold standard for decreasing renal damage induced during unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO); however, the complete recovery after RUUO depends on factors such as the time and severity of obstruction and kidney contralateral compensatory mechanisms. Interestingly, previous studies have shown that kidney damage markers such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis are present and even increase after removal obstruction. To date, previous therapeutic strategies have been used to potentiate the recovery of renal function after RUUO; however, the mechanisms involving renal damage reduction are poorly described and sometimes focus on the recovery of renal functionality. Furthermore, using natural antioxidants has not been completely studied in the RUUO model. In this study, we selected sulforaphane (SFN) because it activates the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that induces an antioxidant response, decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation, preventing apoptosis. Thus, we pre-administrated SFN on the second day after UUO until day five, where we released the obstruction on the three days after UUO. Then, we assessed oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis markers. Interestingly, we found that SFN administration in the RUUO model activated Nrf2, inducing its translocation to the nucleus to activate its target proteins. Thus, the Nrf2 activation upregulated glutathione (GSH) content and the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), which reduced the oxidative stress markers. Moreover, the improvement of antioxidant response by SFN restored S-glutathionylation in the mitochondrial fraction. Activated Nrf2 also reduced inflammation by lessening the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) production. Reducing oxidative stress and inflammation prevented apoptosis by avoiding caspase 3 cleavage and increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) levels. Taken together, the obtained results in our study showed that the upregulation of Nrf2 by SFN decreases oxidative stress, preventing inflammation and apoptosis cell death during the release of UUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chavez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Isabel Amador-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Misael Garcia-Garcia
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Bismarck Bernabe-Yepes
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
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Thipboonchoo N, Fongsupa S, Sureram S, Sa-nguansak S, Kesornpun C, Kittakoop P, Soodvilai S. Altenusin, a fungal metabolite, alleviates TGF-β1-induced EMT in renal proximal tubular cells and renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24983. [PMID: 38318047 PMCID: PMC10839986 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), progressing toward end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic potential of altenusin, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist derived from fungi, on renal fibrosis. The effect of altenusin was determined (i) in vitro using the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human renal proximal tubular cells and (ii) in vivo using mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The findings revealed that incubation of 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 promotes morphological change in RPTEC/TERT1 cells, a human renal proximal tubular cell line, from epithelial to fibroblast-like cells. TGF-β1 markedly increased EMT markers namely α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), while decreased the epithelial marker E-cadherin. Co-incubation TGF-β1 with altenusin preserved the epithelial characteristics of the renal epithelial cells by antagonizing TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, specifically a decreased phosphorylation of Smad2/3 with an increased level of Smad7. Interestingly, the antagonizing effect of altenusin does not require FXR activation. Moreover, altenusin could reverse TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-like cells to epithelial-like cells. Treatment on UUO mice with 30 mg/kg altenusin significantly reduced the expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen type 1A1 (COL1A1). The reduction in the renal fibrosis markers is correlated with the decreased phosphorylation of Smad2/3 levels but does not improve E-cadherin protein expression. Collectively, altenusin reduces EMT in human renal proximal tubular cells and renal fibrosis by antagonizing the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natechanok Thipboonchoo
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Somsak Fongsupa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus, Thailand
| | - Sanya Sureram
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Suliporn Sa-nguansak
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Kesornpun
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Prasat Kittakoop
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Program in Chemical Sciences, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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18
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Yang B, Shen F, Zhu Y, Cai H. Downregulating ANGPTL3 by miR-144-3p promoted TGF-β1-induced renal interstitial fibrosis via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24204. [PMID: 38322878 PMCID: PMC10845249 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite observations of decreased ANGPTL3 (angiopoietin-like protein 3) levels in tubular atrophy and renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF), its functional implications and regulatory mechanisms in RIF remain unclear. This investigation employed unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice as in vivo model and human proximal kidney tubuloepithelial HK-2 cells under TGF-β1 treatment as in vitro model to explore RIF. The RIF extent was evaluated using H & E staining and Masson's trichrome staining. There was a significant decrease in ANGPTL3 levels and an increase in miR-144-3p, accompanied by heightened expressions of α-SMA, p-PI3K, p-AKT, Collagen I, and Fibronectin in the UUO mice and HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1. Enhancing ANGPTL3 expression or suppressing miR-144-3p mitigated TGF-β1-induced cellular apoptosis, inflammation, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation, as evidenced by altered levels of α-SMA, Collagen I, Fibronectin, and associated signaling markers. Using a bioinformatics approach, a miR-144-3p binding site was discovered on the ANGPTL3 mRNA, and this finding was subsequently confirmed through luciferase reporter assay. In HK-2 cells stimulated with TGF-β1, the suppression of ANGPTL3 negated the effects of inhibiting miR-144-3p. Under comparable conditions, the use of LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway, nullified the effects caused by the knockdown of ANGPTL3. Collectively, these findings indicate that miR-144-3p exacerbates RIF through PI3K/AKT pathway activation by targeting ANGPTL3, highlighting a novel potential therapeutic target for RIF management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Fengxian Shen
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Haolei Cai
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
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19
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Marstrand-Jørgensen AB, Sembach FE, Bak ST, Ougaard M, Christensen-Dalsgaard M, Rønn Madsen M, Jensen DM, Secher T, Heimbürger SMN, Fink LN, Hansen D, Hansen HH, Østergaard MV, Christensen M, Dalbøge LS. Shared and Distinct Renal Transcriptome Signatures in 3 Standard Mouse Models of Chronic Kidney Disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2024; 148:487-502. [PMID: 38354720 DOI: 10.1159/000535918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several mouse models with diverse disease etiologies are used in preclinical research for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we performed a head-to-head comparison of renal transcriptome signatures in standard mouse models of CKD to assess shared and distinct molecular changes in three mouse models commonly employed in preclinical CKD research and drug discovery. METHODS All experiments were conducted on male C57BL/6J mice. Mice underwent sham, unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO), or unilateral ischemic-reperfusion injury (uIRI) surgery and were terminated two- and 6-weeks post-surgery, respectively. The adenine-supplemented diet-induced (ADI) model of CKD was established by feeding with adenine diet for 6 weeks and compared to control diet feeding. For all models, endpoints included plasma biochemistry, kidney histology, and RNA sequencing. RESULTS All models displayed increased macrophage infiltration (F4/80 IHC) and fibrosis (collagen 1a1 IHC). Compared to corresponding controls, all models were characterized by an extensive number of renal differentially expressed genes (≥11,000), with a notable overlap in transcriptomic signatures across models. Gene expression markers of fibrosis, inflammation, and kidney injury supported histological findings. Interestingly, model-specific transcriptome signatures included several genes representing current drug targets for CKD, emphasizing advantages and limitations of the three CKD models in preclinical target and drug discovery. CONCLUSION The UUO, uIRI, and ADI mouse models of CKD have significant commonalities in their renal global transcriptome profile. Model-specific renal transcriptional signatures should be considered when selecting the specific model in preclinical target and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Secher
- Gubra A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Cell Imaging and Pharmacology, Cell Therapy R&D, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | | | - Lisbeth N Fink
- Gubra A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Biotherapeutics Screening, Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Kastrup, Denmark
| | - Ditte Hansen
- Department of Nephrology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Gu YY, Liu XS, Lan HY. Therapeutic potential for renal fibrosis by targeting Smad3-dependent noncoding RNAs. Mol Ther 2024; 32:313-324. [PMID: 38093516 PMCID: PMC10861968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a characteristic hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that ultimately results in renal failure, leaving patients with few therapeutic options. TGF-β is a master regulator of renal fibrosis and mediates progressive renal fibrosis via both canonical and noncanonical signaling pathways. In the canonical Smad signaling, Smad3 is a key mediator in tissue fibrosis and mediates renal fibrosis via a number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). In this regard, targeting Smad3-dependent ncRNAs may offer a specific therapy for renal fibrosis. This review highlights the significance and innovation of TGF-β/Smad3-associated ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in renal fibrogenesis. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of these ncRNAs and their future perspectives in the treatment of renal fibrosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Departments of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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22
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Erreger K, Cao S, Pan Y, Jiang M, Zhang MZ, Harris RC, Hamm HE. Role of protease-activated receptor 4 in mouse models of acute and chronic kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F219-F226. [PMID: 38031732 PMCID: PMC11198992 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00162.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by thrombin. In the platelet, response to thrombin PAR4 contributes to the predominant procoagulant microparticle formation, increased fibrin deposition, and initiation of platelet-stimulated inflammation. In addition, PAR4 is expressed in other cell types, including endothelial cells. Under inflammatory conditions, PAR4 is overexpressed via epigenetic demethylation of the PAR4 gene, F2RL3. PAR4 knockout (KO) studies have determined a role for PAR4 in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain, and PAR4 KO mice display normal cardiac function but present less myocyte death and cardiac dysfunction in response to acute myocardial infarction. Although PAR4 has been reported to be expressed within the kidney, the contribution of PAR4 to acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well understood. Here we report that PAR4 KO mice are protected against kidney injury in two mouse models. First, PAR4 KO mice are protected against induction of markers of both fibrosis and inflammation in two different models of kidney injury: 1) 7 days following unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) and 2) an AKI-CKD model of ischemia-reperfusion followed by 8 days of contralateral nephrectomy. We further show that PAR4 expression in the kidney is low in the control mouse kidney but induced over time following UUO. PAR4 KO mice are protected against blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) kidney function pathologies in the AKI-CKD model. Following the AKI-CKD model, PAR4 is expressed in the collecting duct colocalizing with Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), but not in the proximal tubule with Lotus tetragonolobus lectin (LTL). Collectively, the results reported in this study implicate PAR4 as contributing to the pathology in mouse models of acute and chronic kidney injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The contribution of the thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) to acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well understood. Here we report that PAR4 expression is upregulated after kidney injury and PAR4 knockout (KO) mice are protected against fibrosis following kidney injury in two mouse models. First, PAR4 KO mice are protected against unilateral ureter obstruction. Second, PAR4 KO mice are protected against an AKI-CKD model of ischemia-reperfusion followed by contralateral nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Erreger
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Shirong Cao
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Mengdi Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Heidi E Hamm
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
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23
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Saad KM, Salles ÉL, Naeini SE, Baban B, Abdelmageed ME, Abdelaziz RR, Suddek GM, Elmarakby AA. Reno-protective effect of protocatechuic acid is independent of sex-related differences in murine model of UUO-induced kidney injury. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:98-111. [PMID: 38214881 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive nephropathy is a condition often caused by urinary tract obstruction either anatomical (e.g., tumors), mechanical (e.g., urolithiasis), or compression (e.g., pregnancy) and can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies have shown sexual dimorphism in CKD, where males were found to have a more rapid decline in kidney function following kidney injury compared to age-matched females. Protocatechuic acid (PCA), an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenolic compound, has demonstrated promising effects in mitigating drug-induced kidney injuries. The current study aims to explore sexual dimorphism in kidney injury after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and assess whether PCA treatment can mitigate kidney injury in both sexes. METHODS UUO was induced in 10-12 weeks old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Mice were categorized into four groups (n = 6-8/group); Sham, Sham plus PCA (100 mg/kg, I.P daily), UUO, and UUO plus PCA. RESULTS After 2 weeks of induction of UUO, markers of kidney oxidative stress (TBARs), inflammation (IL-1α and IL-6), tubular injury (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL and urinary kidney injury molecule-1, KIM-1), fibrosis (Masson's trichrome staining, collagen IV expression, MMP-2 and MMP-9) and apoptosis (TUNEL+ cells, active caspase-1 and caspase-3) were significantly elevated in both males and females relative to their sham counterparts. Males exhibited significantly greater kidney oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis after induction of UUO when compared to females. PCA treatment significantly attenuated UUO-induced kidney injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in both sexes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a differential gender response to UUO-induced kidney injury with males being more sensitive to UUO-induced kidney inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis than age-matched females. Importantly, PCA treatment reduced UUO-induced kidney injury in a sex-independent manner which might be attributed to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Saad
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Évila Lopes Salles
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sahar Emami Naeini
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Marwa E Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elmarakby
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1450 Laney Walker Blvd, CL2126, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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24
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Goorani S, Khan AH, Mishra A, El-Meanawy A, Imig JD. Kidney Injury by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Mice Lacks Sex Differences. Kidney Blood Press Res 2024; 49:69-80. [PMID: 38185105 PMCID: PMC10877550 DOI: 10.1159/000535809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renal fibrosis is a critical event in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it is considered the final common pathway for all types of CKD. The prevalence of CKD is higher in females; however, males have a greater prevalence of end-stage renal disease. In addition, low birth weight and low nephron number are associated with increased risk for CKD. This study examined the development and severity of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis in male and female wild-type (ROP +/+) and mutant (ROP Os/+) mice, a mouse model of low nephron number. METHODS Male and female ROP +/+ and ROP Os/+ mice were subjected to UUO, and kidney tissue was collected at the end of the 10-day experimental period. Kidney histological analysis and mRNA expression determined renal fibrosis, tubular injury, collagen deposition, extracellular matrix proteins, and immune cell infiltration. RESULTS Male and female UUO mice demonstrated marked renal injury, kidney fibrosis, and renal extracellular matrix production. Renal fibrosis and α-smooth muscle actin were increased to a similar degree in ROP +/+ and ROP Os/+ mice with UUO of either sex. There were also no sex differences in renal tubular cast formation or renal infiltration of macrophage in ROP +/+ and ROP Os/+ UUO mice. Interestingly, renal fibrosis and α-smooth muscle actin were 1.5-3-fold greater in UUO-ROP +/+ compared to UUO-ROP Os/+ mice. Renal inflammation phenotypes following UUO were also 30-45% greater in ROP +/+ compared to ROP Os/+ mice. Likewise, expression of extracellular matrix and renal fibrotic genes was greater in UUO-ROP +/+ mice compared to UUO-ROP Os/+ mice. In contrast to these findings, ROP Os/+ mice with UUO demonstrated glomerular hypertrophy with 50% greater glomerular tuft area compared to ROP +/+ with UUO. Glomerular hypertrophy was not sex-dependent in any of the genotypes of ROP mice. These findings provide evidence that low nephron number contributes to UUO-induced glomerular hypertrophy in ROP Os/+ mice but does not enhance renal fibrosis, inflammation, and renal tubular injury. CONCLUSION Taken together, we demonstrate that low nephron number contributes to enhanced glomerular hypertrophy but not kidney fibrosis and tubular injury. We also demonstrate that none of the changes caused by UUO was affected by sex in any of the ROP mice genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Goorani
- Drug Discovery Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA,
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA,
| | - Abdul Hye Khan
- Drug Discovery Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Departments of Medical Physiology & Pharmacology, Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ashraf El-Meanawy
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John D Imig
- Drug Discovery Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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25
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Rudman-Melnick V, Adam M, Stowers K, Potter A, Ma Q, Chokshi SM, Vanhoutte D, Valiente-Alandi I, Lindquist DM, Nieman ML, Kofron JM, Chung E, Park JS, Potter SS, Devarajan P. Single-cell sequencing dissects the transcriptional identity of activated fibroblasts and identifies novel persistent distal tubular injury patterns in kidney fibrosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:439. [PMID: 38172172 PMCID: PMC10764314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Examining kidney fibrosis is crucial for mechanistic understanding and developing targeted strategies against chronic kidney disease (CKD). Persistent fibroblast activation and tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury are key CKD contributors. However, cellular and transcriptional landscapes of CKD and specific activated kidney fibroblast clusters remain elusive. Here, we analyzed single cell transcriptomic profiles of two clinically relevant kidney fibrosis models which induced robust kidney parenchymal remodeling. We dissected the molecular and cellular landscapes of kidney stroma and newly identified three distinctive fibroblast clusters with "secretory", "contractile" and "vascular" transcriptional enrichments. Also, both injuries generated failed repair TECs (frTECs) characterized by decline of mature epithelial markers and elevation of stromal and injury markers. Notably, frTECs shared transcriptional identity with distal nephron segments of the embryonic kidney. Moreover, we identified that both models exhibited robust and previously unrecognized distal spatial pattern of TEC injury, outlined by persistent elevation of renal TEC injury markers including Krt8 and Vcam1, while the surviving proximal tubules (PTs) showed restored transcriptional signature. We also found that long-term kidney injuries activated a prominent nephrogenic signature, including Sox4 and Hox gene elevation, which prevailed in the distal tubular segments. Our findings might advance understanding of and targeted intervention in fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rudman-Melnick
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Mike Adam
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kaitlynn Stowers
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew Potter
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qing Ma
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Saagar M Chokshi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Davy Vanhoutte
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Diana M Lindquist
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michelle L Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Matthew Kofron
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eunah Chung
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joo-Seop Park
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Steven Potter
- Division Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Prasad Devarajan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Hung CC, Chen KH, Hsu HH, Chang MY, Ko YC, Yang HY, Yang CW. Noscapine alleviates unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced inflammation and fibrosis by regulating the TGFβ1/Smads signaling pathways. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119594. [PMID: 37730129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathway leading to progressive renal function loss in various forms of chronic kidney disease. Many fibrogenic factors regulate renal fibrosis; two key players are post-injury inflammation and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced myofibroblast differentiation. Myofibroblast differentiation is tightly regulated by the microtubule polymerization. Noscapine, an antitussive plant alkaloid, is a potent microtubule-interfering agent previously identified as a potential anticancer compound. Here, we examined how noscapine affects renal fibrogenesis in an in vitro renal fibroblast model and an in vivo unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. UUO mice were intraperitoneally treated with noscapine at 1 day before UUO surgery and daily thereafter. At 7 days post-surgery, kidneys were collected for further analysis. To analyze whether noscapine inhibits downstream TGF-β1-related signaling, we pre-incubated NRK-49F fibroblasts with noscapine and then performed TGF-β1 stimulation. In UUO mice, noscapine attenuated extracellular matrix protein deposition and the expression levels of type I collagen, type IV collagen, α-smooth muscle actin, and fibronectin. In addition, noscapine decreased tubulointerstitial inflammation in UUO kidneys by reducing TLR2 expression, modulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reducing macrophage infiltration, and antagonizing the M2 macrophage phenotype. Furthermore, noscapine pre-incubation suppressed the TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation by downregulating the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathways in NRK-49F cells. These results suggest that noscapine reduces tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis in the kidneys of UUO mice and inhibits the fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation induced by TGF-β1. Noscapine is an over-the-counter antitussive that has been used safely for several decades. Therefore, noscapine is an attractive therapeutic agent for inhibiting renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Hung
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Hsing Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hao Hsu
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Chang
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Ko
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Hou L, Du Y. Neuropilin 1 promotes unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis via RACK1 in renal tubular epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F870-F884. [PMID: 37823194 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00069.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is a single-channel transmembrane glycoprotein whose role and mechanism in renal fibrosis remain incompletely elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the effect of NRP1 on renal fibrosis and its potential mechanism. NRP1 expression in the renal sections from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model was detected. Nrp1 overexpression or knockdown plasmid was transfected into mice, TKPTS mouse kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), and rat kidney fibroblasts, after which pathological injury evaluation and fibrosis marker detection were conducted. The direct interaction of the receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1) with NRP1 was validated by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis. We found that the upregulated renal NRP1 expression in patients with CKD was located in proximal TECs, consistent with the degree of interstitial fibrosis. In the UUO mouse model, NRP1 expression was upregulated in the kidney, and overexpression of Nrp1 increased the mRNA and protein expression of fibronectin (Fn) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), whereas Nrp1 knockdown significantly reduced Fn and α-SMA expression and downregulated the inflammatory response. NRP1 promoted transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced profibrotic responses in the TKPTS cells and fibroblasts, and Nrp1 knockdown partially reversed these responses. Immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry verified that NRP1 can directly bind to RACK1, and Rack1 knockdown reversed the NRP1-induced fibrotic response. In summary, NRP1 may enhance the TGF-β1 pathway by binding to RACK1, thus promoting renal fibrosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although a few studies have confirmed the correlation between neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and renal diseases, the mechanism of NRP1 in renal fibrosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of NRP1 on renal fibrosis through in vitro and in vivo experiments and explored the possible downstream mechanisms. We found that NRP1 can stimulate the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, possibly by binding to RACK1, thereby promoting renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Kianfar T, Kadkhodaee M, Seifi B, Abdi A, Adelipour M, Pishkenari BH, Malboosi N, Ranjbaran M. The effect of tannic acid on renal renin-angiotensin signaling pathway in a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction in male Wistar rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3569-3579. [PMID: 37249615 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of current study was to elucidate polyphenol tannic acid effect on renal function and activity of the renin-angiotensin system after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of six randomly: 1) Sham, 2) UUO, and 3) UUO + Tannic acid. Rats in the UUO and UUO + Tannic acid groups experienced unilateral ureteral obstruction. In the Sham group, the abdominal cavity was exposed without UUO induction. In the UUO + Tannic acid group, animals received tannic acid (20 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, 6 and 12 h after clamping the left ureter and 6 and 12 h after the right nephrectomy. Blood samples were taken to measure blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels. Kidney tissue samples were obtained for assessment of oxidative stress, inflammatory indices and the levels of renin-angiotensin system components. Tannic acid administration significantly improved UUO-induced kidney dysfunction (serum BUN: 66.42 ± 14.414 mg/dl, p < 0.05; serum creatinine: 1.67 ± 0.258 mg/dl, p < 0.05), oxidative stress (MDA level: 95.29 ± 37.35 µmol/g tissue, p < 0.05; SOD activity: 59.82 ± 13.41 U/g protein, p < 0.01) and inflammation (renal TNF-α: 57.05 ± 15.653 pg/g tissue, p < 0.05; renal IL-6: 117.015 ± 24.076 pg/g tissue, p < 0.001). The treatment caused a reduction in the amount of renal angiotensinogen, renin and ACE genes expression compared to the UUO group (Angiotensinogen: 8.9 ± onefold, p < 0.05, Renin: 6.5 ± 1.14 fold, p < 0.05, ACE: 4.9 ± 0.64 fold, p < 0.05). Angiotensin II type 1 receptor protein levels decreased in the tannic acid-treated rats in comparison with the UUO group (0.61 ± 0.136, p < 0.05). According to the result of the current study, tannic acid considerably attenuated the complications of unilateral ureteral obstruction through renin-angiotensin system modulation. Trial registration: IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1400.802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kianfar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Kadkhodaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Arash Abdi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahar Hejazi Pishkenari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Nasrin Malboosi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran.
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Chen W, Zhao S, Xing J, Yu W, Rao T, Zhou X, Ruan Y, Li S, Xia Y, Song T, Zou F, Li W, Cheng F. BMAL1 inhibits renal fibrosis and renal interstitial inflammation by targeting the ERK1/2/ELK-1/Egr-1 axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111140. [PMID: 37951191 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Renal fibrosis and renal interstitial inflammation due to hydronephrosis are associated with progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). The clock gene BMAL1 is thought to be involved in various diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, etc. However, little is known about how BMAL1 regulates renal fibrosis and renal interstitial inflammation in obstructed kidneys. METHODS The expression level of BMAL1 in UUO was examined using the GEO database. Lentivirus, siRNA and adeno-associated virus were used to modulate BMAL1 levels in HK-2 cells and mouse kidney. qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, histological analysis, ELISA and Western blot were used to determine the level of fibrin deposition and the release of inflammatory factors. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to examine the interaction between BMAL1 and the ERK1/2/ELK-1/Egr-1 axis. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis and in vivo experiments in this study showed that the expression level of BMAL1 in UUO model kidneys was higher than that in normal kidneys. We then found that downregulation of BMAL1 promoted the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and proinflammatory factors in vivo and in vitro, whereas upregulation inhibited this process. In addition, we demonstrated that the ERK1/2/ELK-1/Egr-1 axis is an important pathway for BMAL1 to play a regulatory role, and the use of PD98059 abolished the promoting effect of down-regulation of BMAL1 on fibrosis and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BAML1 can target the ERK1/2/ELK-1/Egr-1 axis to suppress fibrotic progression and inflammatory events in obstructed kidneys, thereby inhibiting the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ji Xing
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tianbao Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Hu J, Wang Z, Hu H, Zhao J, Li H, Zhang X, Bi J, Li J. In vitro and in vivo assessment of a bilayered degradable rapamycin-eluting stent for ureteral stricture caused by holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:321-329. [PMID: 37821034 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Ureteral stricture caused by holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy is one of the most challenging issues for urologists. Currently, evidence for rapamycin application in reducing ureterostenosis is not sufficient. This study aimed to assess the inhibition of ureteral stricture of rapamycin-eluting stents in vitro and in vivo. A bilayered drug-eluting ureteral stent consisted of drug blending with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PU/drug stent), which was over-layered by polycaprolactone (PCL) by ultrasonic atomizing spraying. Stent morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. A kidney-ureter-bladder model was established to simulate the stents-releasing condition, and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the drug release rate. The inhibitory proliferation was detected by CCK-8. The bladder of rats was injured through electro tome, and stents were implanted for 7, 14, and 28 days. The effects of drug-eluting stents was investigated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunofluorescence staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The bilayered stents could block the burst loss of the drug and maintained a sustained delivery period because of the 5.3 μm thickness of the PCL layer. The relative growth rates of cells plotted inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human urethral scar fibroblast cells. For in vivo results of 28 days, the bilayered stent maintained structural integrity and induced less deposition of crystals, thinner and less lamina propria connective tissues were formed, and α-SMA and TGF-β1 were downregulated. Bilayered rapamycin-eluting stent is significantly effective in alleviating fibrosis in in vitro and in vivo models. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The occurrence of ureteral stricture resulting from holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy presents a significant challenge for urologists. Traditional double J stents have not been proven to offer a shorter indwelling time or improved inhibition of tissue blocking. While drug-eluting stents containing rapamycin, paclitaxel, and other substances have been extensively used in treating artery stenosis, there is insufficient evidence supporting their application in reducing ureterostenosis. Consequently, a biodegradable polymer ureteric scaffold incorporating rapamycin was fabricated in this study, employing ultrasonic atomization spraying technology to optimize the bilayers composed of 75/25 poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL). The efficacy of the scaffold was subsequently confirmed through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Hu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China; Department of Urology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110840, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110840, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110840, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110840, China
| | - Jianbin Bi
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China; Department of Urology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110840, China.
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‘t Hart DC, van der Vlag J, Nijenhuis T. A Putative Role for TRPC6 in Immune-Mediated Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16419. [PMID: 38003608 PMCID: PMC10671681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of the immune system is the cause of a wide variety of renal diseases. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the aberrant activation of the immune system in the kidneys often remain unknown. TRPC6, a member of the Ca2+-permeant family of TRPC channels, is important in glomerular epithelial cells or podocytes for the process of glomerular filtration. In addition, TRPC6 plays a crucial role in the development of kidney injuries by inducing podocyte injury. However, an increasing number of studies suggest that TRPC6 is also responsible for tightly regulating the immune cell functions. It remains elusive whether the role of TRPC6 in the immune system and the pathogenesis of renal inflammation are intertwined. In this review, we present an overview of the current knowledge of how TRPC6 coordinates the immune cell functions and propose the hypothesis that TRPC6 might play a pivotal role in the development of kidney injury via its role in the immune system.
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Kong W, Liao Y, Zhao L, Hall N, Zhou H, Liu R, Persson PB, Lai E. Kidney Renin Release under Hypoxia and Its Potential Link with Nitric Oxide: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2984. [PMID: 38001984 PMCID: PMC10669676 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and hypoxia have a complex interaction: RAS is activated under hypoxia and activated RAS aggravates hypoxia in reverse. Renin is an aspartyl protease that catalyzes the first step of RAS and tightly regulates RAS activation. Here, we outline kidney renin expression and release under hypoxia and discuss the putative mechanisms involved. It is important that renin generally increases in response to acute hypoxemic hypoxia and intermittent hypoxemic hypoxia, but not under chronic hypoxemic hypoxia. The increase in renin activity can also be observed in anemic hypoxia and carbon monoxide-induced histotoxic hypoxia. The increased renin is contributed to by juxtaglomerular cells and the recruitment of renin lineage cells. Potential mechanisms regulating hypoxic renin expression involve hypoxia-inducible factor signaling, natriuretic peptides, nitric oxide, and Notch signaling-induced renin transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Kong
- Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yixin Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China;
| | - Nathan Hall
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China;
| | - Ruisheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Pontus B. Persson
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Enyin Lai
- Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
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Xu L, Jiang H, Xie J, Xu Q, Zhou J, Lu X, Wang M, Dong L, Zuo D. Mannan-binding lectin ameliorates renal fibrosis by suppressing macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21882. [PMID: 38034794 PMCID: PMC10685189 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a pattern-recognition molecule that plays a crucial role in innate immunity. MBL deficiency correlates with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the molecular mechanisms are not fully defined. Here, we established a CKD model in wild-type (WT) and MBL-deficient (MBL-/-) mice via unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The result showed that MBL deficiency aggravated the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in CKD mice. Strikingly, the in vivo macrophage depletion investigation revealed that macrophages play an essential role in the MBL-mediated suppression of renal fibrosis. We found that MBL limited the progression of macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) in kidney tissues of UUO mice. Further in vitro study showed that MBL-/- macrophages exhibited significantly increased levels of fibrotic-related molecules compared with WT cells upon transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) stimulation. We demonstrated that MBL inhibited the MMT process by suppressing the production of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and activation of Akt signaling. In summary, our study revealed an expected role of MBL on macrophage transition during renal fibrosis, thus offering new insight into the potential of MBL as a therapeutic target for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Clinical Research Institute of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, 524045, China
| | - Honglian Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510030, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jingwen Xie
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qishan Xu
- Clinical Research Institute of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, 524045, China
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Mingyong Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- School of Medical Technology, Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu, 476100, China
| | - Lijun Dong
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
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Jung KH, Kim SE, Go HG, Lee YJ, Park MS, Ko S, Han BS, Yoon YC, Cho YJ, Lee P, Lee SH, Kim K, Hong SS. Synergistic Renoprotective Effect of Melatonin and Zileuton by Inhibition of Ferroptosis via the AKT/mTOR/NRF2 Signaling in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:599-610. [PMID: 37183002 PMCID: PMC10616517 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent evidence, ferroptosis is a major cell death mechanism in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and fibrosis. Despite the renoprotective effects of classical ferroptosis inhibitors, therapeutic approaches targeting kidney ferroptosis remain limited. In this study, we assessed the renoprotective effects of melatonin and zileuton as a novel therapeutic strategy against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis. First, we identified RSL3-induced ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial HK-2 and HKC-8 cells. Lipid peroxidation and cell death induced by RSL3 were synergistically mitigated by the combination of melatonin and zileuton. Combination treatment significantly downregulated the expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins, 4-HNE and HO-1, and upregulated the expression of GPX4. The expression levels of p-AKT and p-mTOR also increased, in addition to that of NRF2 in renal tubular epithelial cells. When melatonin (20 mg/kg) and zileuton (20 mg/kg) were administered to a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, the combination significantly reduced tubular injury and fibrosis by decreasing the expression of profibrotic markers, such as α-SMA and fibronectin. More importantly, the combination ameliorated the increase in 4-HNE levels and decreased GPX4 expression in UUO mice. Overall, the combination of melatonin and zileuton was found to effectively ameliorate ferroptosis-related kidney injury by upregulating the AKT/mTOR/ NRF2 signaling pathway, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for protection against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Jung
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyeol Go
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ji Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Han
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Yoon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Cho
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Pureunchowon Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Kipyo Kim
- Divison of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
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Feng M, Luo F, Wu H, Chen Y, Zuo J, Weng X, Chen G, Zhong J. Network Pharmacology Analysis and Machine-Learning Models Confirmed the Ability of YiShen HuoXue Decoction to Alleviate Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Pyroptosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3169-3192. [PMID: 37900883 PMCID: PMC10612518 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s420135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose YiShen HuoXue decoction (YSHXD) is a formulation that has been used clinically for the treatment of renal fibrosis (RF) for many years. We aimed to clarify therapeutic effects of YSHXD against RF and potential pharmacological mechanisms. Materials and Methods We used network pharmacology analysis and machine-learning to screen the core components and core targets of YSHXD against RF, followed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to confirm the reliability of the results. Finally, we validated the network pharmacology analysis experimentally in HK-2 cells and a rat model of RF established by unilateral ureteral ligation (UUO). Results Quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, beta-sitosterol, wogonin, stigmasterol, isorhamnetin, baicalein, and dihydrotanshinlactone progesterone were identified as the main active components of YSHXD in the treatment of unilateral ureteral ligation-induced RF, with IL-6, IL1β, TNF, AR, and PTGS2 as core target proteins. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed the relationship between compounds and target proteins. The potential molecular mechanism of YSHXD predicted by network pharmacology analysis was confirmed in HK-2 cells and UUO rats. YSHXD downregulated NLRP3, ASC, NF-κBp65, Caspase-1, GSDMD, PTGS2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, α-SMA and upregulated HGF, effectively alleviating the RF process. Conclusion YSHXD exerts important anti-inflammatory and anti-cellular inflammatory necrosis effects by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis pathway, indicating that YSHXD represents a new strategy and complementary approach to RF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinChao Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nannig, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Luo
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nannig, People’s Republic of China
| | - HuiMin Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nannig, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yushan Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nannig, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Zuo
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nannig, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueying Weng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nannig, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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de Oliveira AS, Convento MB, Razvickas CV, Castino B, Leme AM, da Silva Luiz R, da Silva WH, da Glória MA, Guirão TP, Bondan E, Schor N, Borges FT. The Nephroprotective Effects of the Allogeneic Transplantation with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Were Potentiated by ω3 Stimulating Up-Regulation of the PPAR-γ. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1484. [PMID: 37895955 PMCID: PMC10610511 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) obtained from bone marrow are a promising tool for regenerative medicine, including kidney diseases. A step forward in MSCs studies is cellular conditioning through specific minerals and vitamins. The Omega-3 fatty acids (ω3) are essential in regulating MSCs self-renewal, cell cycle, and survival. The ω3 could act as a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). This study aimed to demonstrate that ω3 supplementation in rats could lead to the up-regulation of PPAR-γ in the MSCs. The next step was to compare the effects of these MSCs through allogeneic transplantation in rats subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Independent of ω3 supplementation in the diet of the rats, the MSCs in vitro conserved differentiation capability and phenotypic characteristics. Nevertheless, MSCs obtained from the rats supplemented with ω3 stimulated an increase in the expression of PPAR-γ. After allogeneic transplantation in rats subjected to UUO, the ω3 supplementation in the rats enhanced some nephroprotective effects of the MSCs through a higher expression of antioxidant enzyme (SOD-1), anti-inflammatory marker (IL-10), and lower expression of the inflammatory marker (IL-6), and proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Silva de Oliveira
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil;
| | - Márcia Bastos Convento
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Clara Versolato Razvickas
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Bianca Castino
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil;
| | - Ala Moana Leme
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Rafael da Silva Luiz
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Wesley Henrique da Silva
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Maria Aparecida da Glória
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Tatiana Pinotti Guirão
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Eduardo Bondan
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil;
| | - Nestor Schor
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Fernanda Teixeira Borges
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil;
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Chan CKW, Szeto CC, Lee LKC, Xiao Y, Yin B, Ding X, Lee TWY, Lau JYW, Choi CHJ. A sub-10-nm, folic acid-conjugated gold nanoparticle as self-therapeutic treatment of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305662120. [PMID: 37812696 PMCID: PMC10589645 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305662120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines for treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) are on the horizon, yet their delivery to renal tubules where tubulointerstitial fibrosis occurs remains inefficient. We report a folic acid-conjugated gold nanoparticle that can transport into renal tubules and treat tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. The 3-nm gold core allows for the dissection of bio-nano interactions in the fibrotic kidney, ensures the overall nanoparticle (~7 nm) to be small enough for glomerular filtration, and naturally inhibits the p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase in the absence of chemical or biological drugs. The folic acids support binding to selected tubule cells with overexpression of folate receptors and promote retention in the fibrotic kidney. Upon intravenous injection, this nanoparticle can selectively accumulate in the fibrotic kidney over the nonfibrotic contralateral kidney at ~3.6% of the injected dose. Delivery to the fibrotic kidney depends on nanoparticle size and disease stage. Notably, a single injection of this self-therapeutic nanoparticle reduces tissue degeneration, inhibits genes related to the extracellular matrix, and treats fibrosis more effectively than standard Captopril therapy. Our data underscore the importance of constructing CKD nanomedicines based on renal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Leo Kit Cheung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Bohan Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaofan Ding
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Thomas Wai Yip Lee
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - James Yun Wong Lau
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Watanabe M, Ando R, Sugisawa R, Sasaki N, Iwai S. A novel in vivo model of ureteral fibrosis induced by calcium oxalate beads in C57BL/6J mice. Urolithiasis 2023; 51:119. [PMID: 37801093 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-023-01491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of ureteroliths in humans is increasing, particularly posing a problem in developed countries. The most common stone type is calcium oxalate, which is associated with a high recurrence rate. In veterinary medicine, stones are the most common cause of ureteral obstruction in cats, accounting for 72-87% of cases. In cats, stones cause irreversible ureteral damage, necessitating stone treatment as well as ureteral therapy. However, the mechanisms underlying the ureteral damage caused by stones remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to create a mouse model suitable for studying the ureteral fibrosis caused by oxalate stones by artificially embedding calcium oxalate in the ureter. Pathological tissue analysis was used to compare normal ureters without ligation and ureters with sham or oxalate bead implantation. The ureters of the sham and oxalate bead groups showed granulation tissue formation, transitional epithelium exfoliation, and densely packed connective tissue in the proprietary and muscle layer regions. Particularly in the oxalate bead group, infiltration of degenerated neutrophils, presence of foreign body giant cells, and hyperplasia of the transitional epithelium were observed. The proportion of fibrosis was higher in the oxalate group than in the sham group. Overall, this mouse model created using oxalate bead implantation has the potential to efficiently induce ureteral obstruction. This mouse model is expected to be used for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of ureteral fibrosis and evaluating therapeutic drugs in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Ryo Ando
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi-23, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sugisawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Nobuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Satomi Iwai
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery 2, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, 034-8628, Japan.
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Nørregaard R, Mutsaers HAM, Frøkiær J, Kwon TH. Obstructive nephropathy and molecular pathophysiology of renal interstitial fibrosis. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2827-2872. [PMID: 37440209 PMCID: PMC10642920 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00027.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidneys play a key role in maintaining total body homeostasis. The complexity of this task is reflected in the unique architecture of the organ. Ureteral obstruction greatly affects renal physiology by altering hemodynamics, changing glomerular filtration and renal metabolism, and inducing architectural malformations of the kidney parenchyma, most importantly renal fibrosis. Persisting pathological changes lead to chronic kidney disease, which currently affects ∼10% of the global population and is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Studies on the consequences of ureteral obstruction date back to the 1800s. Even today, experimental unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) remains the standard model for tubulointerstitial fibrosis. However, the model has certain limitations when it comes to studying tubular injury and repair, as well as a limited potential for human translation. Nevertheless, ureteral obstruction has provided the scientific community with a wealth of knowledge on renal (patho)physiology. With the introduction of advanced omics techniques, the classical UUO model has remained relevant to this day and has been instrumental in understanding renal fibrosis at the molecular, genomic, and cellular levels. This review details key concepts and recent advances in the understanding of obstructive nephropathy, highlighting the pathophysiological hallmarks responsible for the functional and architectural changes induced by ureteral obstruction, with a special emphasis on renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Nørregaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jørgen Frøkiær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
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Ming WH, Luan ZL, Yao Y, Liu HC, Hu SY, Du CX, Zhang C, Zhao YH, Huang YZ, Sun XW, Qiao RF, Xu H, Guan YF, Zhang XY. Pregnane X receptor activation alleviates renal fibrosis in mice via interacting with p53 and inhibiting the Wnt7a/β-catenin signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2075-2090. [PMID: 37344564 PMCID: PMC10545797 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with various etiologies, which seriously affects the structure and function of the kidney. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and plays a critical role in regulating the genes related to xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism in mammals. Previous studies show that PXR is expressed in the kidney and has protective effect against acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the role of PXR in CKD. Adenine diet-induced CKD (AD) model was established in wild-type and PXR humanized (hPXR) mice, respectively, which were treated with pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN, 50 mg/kg, twice a week for 4 weeks) or rifampicin (RIF, 10 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 4 weeks). We showed that both PCN and RIF, which activated mouse and human PXR, respectively, improved renal function and attenuated renal fibrosis in the two types of AD mice. In addition, PCN treatment also alleviated renal fibrosis in unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) mice. On the contrary, PXR gene deficiency exacerbated renal dysfunction and fibrosis in both adenine- and UUO-induced CKD mice. We found that PCN treatment suppressed the expression of the profibrotic Wnt7a and β-catenin in AD mice and in cultured mouse renal tubular epithelial cells treated with TGFβ1 in vitro. We demonstrated that PXR was colocalized and interacted with p53 in the nuclei of tubular epithelial cells. Overexpression of p53 increased the expression of Wnt7a, β-catenin and its downstream gene fibronectin. We further revealed that p53 bound to the promoter of Wnt7a gene to increase its transcription and β-catenin activation, leading to increased expression of the downstream profibrotic genes, which was inhibited by PXR. Taken together, PXR activation alleviates renal fibrosis in mice via interacting with p53 and inhibiting the Wnt7a/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Ming
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Luan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Nuclear Receptors in Major Metabolic Diseases, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Hang-Chi Liu
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Hu
- Department of nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Du
- Division of Nephrology, Wuhu Hospital, East China Normal University, Wuhu, 241100, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yi-Hang Zhao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ying-Zhi Huang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiao-Wan Sun
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Rong-Fang Qiao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Nuclear Receptors in Major Metabolic Diseases, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - You-Fei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory for Nuclear Receptors in Major Metabolic Diseases, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
- Division of Nephrology, Wuhu Hospital, East China Normal University, Wuhu, 241100, China.
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Li X, Dong W, Yang Y, Ren S, Wang X, Zou M, Lu W, Liu L, Xue Y. Ecliptasaponin A attenuates renal fibrosis by regulating the extracellular matrix of renal tubular cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:684-696. [PMID: 37831322 PMCID: PMC10709264 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the most common manifestation of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but there is no effective treatment in renal fibrosis. Natural products are a rich source of clinical drug research and have been used in the clinical research of various diseases. In this study, we searched for traditional Chinese medicine monomers that attenuate fibrosis and assessed their effect on the fibrosis marker connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in cells which we found ecliptasaponin A. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of ecliptasaponin A on renal fibrosis in the classic renal fibrosis unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model and found that ecliptasaponin A could reduce the renal collagen fiber deposition and renal extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression in UUO mice. In vitro, ecliptasaponin A can inhibit ECM protein expression in human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells induced by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1). To further clarify the mechanism of ecliptasaponin A in attenuating renal fibrosis, we performed transcriptome sequencing of HK-2 cells treated with TGFβ1 and ecliptasaponin A. The functions and pathways were mainly enriched in the extracellular matrix and TGFβ signalling pathway. Matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP10) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) are the main differentially expressed genes in extracellular matrix regulation. Then, we measured MMP10 and MMP13 in the cells and found that ecliptasaponin A had a significant inhibitory effect on MMP13 expression but not on MMP10 expression. Furthermore, we overexpressed MMP13 in HK-2 cells treated with TGFβ1 and found that MMP13 promoted HK-2 cell injury. Our findings suggest that ecliptasaponin A can attenuate renal fibrosis, which may provide a new method for treating renal fibrosis clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shijing Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meina Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lerong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Roger E, Chadjichristos CE, Kavvadas P, Price GW, Cliff CL, Hadjadj S, Renciot J, Squires PE, Hills CE. Connexin-43 hemichannels orchestrate NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and sterile inflammation in tubular injury. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:263. [PMID: 37770948 PMCID: PMC10536814 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Without a viable cure, chronic kidney disease is a global health concern. Inflammatory damage in and around the renal tubules dictates disease severity and is contributed to by multiple cell types. Activated in response to danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) including ATP, the NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is integral to this inflammation. In vivo, we have previously observed that increased expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) is linked to inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) whilst in vitro studies in human proximal tubule cells highlight a role for aberrant Cx43 hemichannel mediated ATP release in tubule injury. A role for Cx43 hemichannels in priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in tubule epithelial cells remains to be determined. METHODS Using the Nephroseq database, analysis of unpublished transcriptomic data, examined gene expression and correlation in human CKD. The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model was combined with genetic (tubule-specific Cx43 knockout) and specific pharmacological blockade of Cx43 (Peptide5), to explore a role for Cx43-hemichannels in tubule damage. Human primary tubule epithelial cells were used as an in vitro model of CKD. RESULTS Increased Cx43 and NLRP3 expression correlates with declining glomerular filtration rate and increased proteinuria in biopsies isolated from patients with CKD. Connexin 43-tubule deletion prior to UUO protected against tubular injury, increased expression of proinflammatory molecules, and significantly reduced NLRP3 expression and downstream signalling mediators. Accompanied by a reduction in F4/80 macrophages and fibroblast specific protein (FSP1+) fibroblasts, Cx43 specific hemichannel blocker Peptide5 conferred similar protection in UUO mice. In vitro, Peptide5 determined that increased Cx43-hemichannel activity primes and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome via ATP-P2X7 receptor signalling culminating in increased secretion of chemokines and cytokines, each of which are elevated in individuals with CKD. Inhibition of NLRP3 and caspase 1 similarly decreased markers of tubular injury, whilst preventing the perpetual increase in Cx43-hemichannel activity. CONCLUSION Aberrant Cx43-hemichannel activity in kidney tubule cells contributes to tubule inflammation via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and downstream paracrine mediated cell signalling. Use of hemichannel blockers in targeting Cx43-hemichannels is an attractive future therapeutic target to slow or prevent disease progression in CKD. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Roger
- Batiment Recherche, INSERM, UMR-S1155, Tenon Hospital, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris, 75020, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Christos E Chadjichristos
- Batiment Recherche, INSERM, UMR-S1155, Tenon Hospital, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris, 75020, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Panagiotis Kavvadas
- Batiment Recherche, INSERM, UMR-S1155, Tenon Hospital, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris, 75020, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Gareth W Price
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Chelsy L Cliff
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Safia Hadjadj
- Batiment Recherche, INSERM, UMR-S1155, Tenon Hospital, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris, 75020, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Jessy Renciot
- Batiment Recherche, INSERM, UMR-S1155, Tenon Hospital, 4 Rue de la Chine, Paris, 75020, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Paul E Squires
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Claire E Hills
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK.
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Andrikopoulos P, Aron-Wisnewsky J, Chakaroun R, Myridakis A, Forslund SK, Nielsen T, Adriouch S, Holmes B, Chilloux J, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, Salem JE, Andreelli F, Belda E, Kieswich J, Chechi K, Puig-Castellvi F, Chevalier M, Le Chatelier E, Olanipekun MT, Hoyles L, Alves R, Helft G, Isnard R, Køber L, Coelho LP, Rouault C, Gauguier D, Gøtze JP, Prifti E, Froguel P, Zucker JD, Bäckhed F, Vestergaard H, Hansen T, Oppert JM, Blüher M, Nielsen J, Raes J, Bork P, Yaqoob MM, Stumvoll M, Pedersen O, Ehrlich SD, Clément K, Dumas ME. Evidence of a causal and modifiable relationship between kidney function and circulating trimethylamine N-oxide. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5843. [PMID: 37730687 PMCID: PMC10511707 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The host-microbiota co-metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is linked to increased cardiovascular risk but how its circulating levels are regulated remains unclear. We applied "explainable" machine learning, univariate, multivariate and mediation analyses of fasting plasma TMAO concentration and a multitude of phenotypes in 1,741 adult Europeans of the MetaCardis study. Here we show that next to age, kidney function is the primary variable predicting circulating TMAO, with microbiota composition and diet playing minor, albeit significant, roles. Mediation analysis suggests a causal relationship between TMAO and kidney function that we corroborate in preclinical models where TMAO exposure increases kidney scarring. Consistent with our findings, patients receiving glucose-lowering drugs with reno-protective properties have significantly lower circulating TMAO when compared to propensity-score matched control individuals. Our analyses uncover a bidirectional relationship between kidney function and TMAO that can potentially be modified by reno-protective anti-diabetic drugs and suggest a clinically actionable intervention for decreasing TMAO-associated excess cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Andrikopoulos
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Section of Genomic & Environmental Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Judith Aron-Wisnewsky
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonis Myridakis
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 86 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Sofia K Forslund
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin and the Max-Delbrück Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Trine Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Solia Adriouch
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | | | - Julien Chilloux
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Fabrizio Andreelli
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eugeni Belda
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, IRD, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, UMMISCO, F-93143, Bondy, France
| | - Julius Kieswich
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kanta Chechi
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Genomic & Environmental Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Francesc Puig-Castellvi
- European Genomics Institute for Diabetes, EGENODIA, INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR8199, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mickael Chevalier
- European Genomics Institute for Diabetes, EGENODIA, INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR8199, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Michael T Olanipekun
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Renato Alves
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerard Helft
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, INSERM, 1166, Paris, France
| | - Richard Isnard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Luis Pedro Coelho
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Rouault
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
| | - Dominique Gauguier
- INSERM UMR 1124, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Saint-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
- McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jens Peter Gøtze
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edi Prifti
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, IRD, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, UMMISCO, F-93143, Bondy, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- European Genomics Institute for Diabetes, EGENODIA, INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR8199, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jean-Daniel Zucker
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, IRD, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes, UMMISCO, F-93143, Bondy, France
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Rønne, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peer Bork
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Yonsei Frontier Lab (YFL), Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Muhammad M Yaqoob
- Diabetic Kidney Disease Centre, Renal Unit, Barts Health National Health Service Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Dusko Ehrlich
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Karine Clément
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and obesities; systemic approaches (NutriOmics), Paris, France.
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitie-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Marc-Emmanuel Dumas
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Section of Genomic & Environmental Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- European Genomics Institute for Diabetes, EGENODIA, INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR8199, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France.
- McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada.
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Han S, Choi H, Park H, Kim JJ, Lee EJ, Ham YR, Na KR, Lee KW, Chang YK, Choi DE. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Attenuate Renal Fibrosis via AMPK-Mediated Autophagy Flux Activation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2553. [PMID: 37760994 PMCID: PMC10525956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) injury model is well-known to mimic human chronic kidney disease, promoting the rapid onset and development of kidney injury. ω3-poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been observed to protect against tissue injury in many disease models. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of ω3-PUFAs in attenuating UUO injury and investigated their mechanism of action. The immortalized human proximal tubular cells human kidney-2 (HK2) were incubated for 72 h with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in various concentrations, in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. DHA/EPA reduced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the TGF-β-treated HK2 cells by enhancing autophagy flux and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups and treated as follows: sham (no treatment, n = 5), sham + ω3-PUFAs (n = 5), UUO (n = 10), and UUO + ω3-PUFAs (n = 10). Their kidneys and blood were harvested on the seventh day following UUO injury. The kidneys of the ω3-PUFAs-treated UUO mice showed less oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis compared to those of the untreated UUO mice. Greater autophagic flux, higher amounts of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II, Beclin-1, and Atg7, lower amounts of p62, and higher levels of cathepsin D and ATP6E were observed in the kidneys of the omega-3-treated UUO mice compared to those of the control UUO mice. In conclusion, ω3-PUFAs enhanced autophagic activation, leading to a renoprotective response against chronic kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Han
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Hyunsu Choi
- Clinical Research Institute, Daejeon Saint Mary’s Hospital, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyerim Park
- Department of Medical Science, Medical School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (J.-J.K.)
| | - Jwa-Jin Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Medical School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (J.-J.K.)
| | - Eu-Jin Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Young-Rok Ham
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Ki-Rayng Na
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Kang-Wook Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Yoon-Kyung Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Daejeon Saint Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Eun Choi
- Department of Nephrology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (E.-J.L.); (Y.-R.H.); (K.-R.N.); (K.-W.L.)
- Department of Medical Science, Medical School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.P.); (J.-J.K.)
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Mukherjee P, Fukuda S, Lukmanto D, Tran TH, Okada K, Makita S, El-Sadek IA, Lim Y, Yasuno Y. Renal tubular function and morphology revealed in kidney without labeling using three-dimensional dynamic optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15324. [PMID: 37714913 PMCID: PMC10504276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal tubule has distinct metabolic features and functional activity that may be altered during kidney disease. In this paper, we present label-free functional activity imaging of renal tubule in normal and obstructed mouse kidney models using three-dimensional (3D) dynamic optical coherence tomography (OCT) ex vivo. To create an obstructed kidney model, we ligated the ureter of the left kidney for either 7 or 14 days. Two different dynamic OCT (DOCT) methods were implemented to access the slow and fast activity of the renal tubules: a logarithmic intensity variance (LIV) method and a complex-correlation-based method. Three-dimensional DOCT data were acquired with a 1.3 [Formula: see text]m swept-source OCT system and repeating raster scan protocols. In the normal kidney, the renal tubule appeared as a convoluted pipe-like structure in the DOCT projection image. Such pipe-like structures were not observed in the kidneys subjected to obstruction of the ureter for several days. Instead of any anatomical structures, a superficial high dynamics appearance was observed in the perirenal cortex region of the obstructed kidneys. These findings suggest that volumetric LIV can be used as a tool to investigate kidney function during kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Mukherjee
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinichi Fukuda
- Laboratory of Advanced Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Donny Lukmanto
- Laboratory of Advanced Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Thi Hang Tran
- Laboratory of Advanced Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Ph.D. program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, Univeristy of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ibrahim Abd El-Sadek
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, 34517, New Damietta City, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Yiheng Lim
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Fan G, Jiang C, Huang Z, Tian M, Pan H, Cao Y, Lei T, Luo Q, Yuan J. 3D autofluorescence imaging of hydronephrosis and renal anatomical structure using cryo-micro-optical sectioning tomography. Theranostics 2023; 13:4885-4904. [PMID: 37771780 PMCID: PMC10526660 DOI: 10.7150/thno.86695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Mesoscopic visualization of the main anatomical structures of the whole kidney in vivo plays an important role in the pathological diagnosis and exploration of the etiology of hydronephrosis. However, traditional imaging methods cannot achieve whole-kidney imaging with micron resolution under conditions representing in vivo perfusion. Methods: We used in vivo cryofixation (IVCF) to fix acute obstructive hydronephrosis (unilateral ureteral obstruction, UUO), chronic spontaneous hydronephrosis (db/db mice), and their control mouse kidneys for cryo-micro-optical sectioning tomography (cryo-MOST) autofluorescence imaging. We quantitatively assessed the kidney-wide pathological changes in the main anatomical structures, including hydronephrosis, renal subregions, arteries, veins, glomeruli, renal tubules, and peritubular functional capillaries. Results: By comparison with microcomputed tomography imaging, we confirmed that IVCF can maintain the status of the kidney in vivo. Cryo-MOST autofluorescence imaging can display the main renal anatomical structures with a cellular resolution without contrast agents. The hydronephrosis volume reached 26.11 ± 6.00 mm3 and 13.01 ± 3.74 mm3 in 3 days after UUO and in 15-week-old db/db mouse kidneys, respectively. The volume of the cortex and inner stripe of the outer medulla (ISOM) increased while that of the inner medulla (IM) decreased in UUO mouse kidneys. Db/db mice also showed an increase in the volume of the cortex and ISOM volume but no atrophy in the IM. The diameter of the proximal convoluted tubule and proximal straight tubule increased in both UUO and db/db mouse kidneys, indicating that proximal tubules were damaged. However, some renal tubules showed abnormal central bulge highlighting in the UUO mice, but the morphology of renal tubules was normal in the db/db mice, suggesting differences in the pathology and severity of hydronephrosis between the two models. UUO mouse kidneys also showed vascular damage, including segmental artery and vein atrophy and arcuate vein dilation, and the density of peritubular functional capillaries in the cortex and IM was reduced by 37.2% and 49.5%, respectively, suggesting renal hypoxia. In contrast, db/db mouse kidneys showed a normal vascular morphology and peritubular functional capillary density. Finally, we found that the db/db mice displayed vesicoureteral reflux and bladder overactivity, which may be the cause of hydronephrosis formation. Conclusions: We observed and compared main renal structural changes in hydronephrosis under conditions representing in vivo perfusion in UUO, db/db, and control mice through cryo-MOST autofluorescence imaging. The results indicate that cryo-MOST with IVCF can serve as a simple and powerful tool to quantitatively evaluate the in vivo pathological changes in three dimensions, especially the distribution of body fluids in the whole kidney. This method is potentially applicable to the three-dimensional visualization of other tissues, organs, and even the whole body, which may provide new insights into pathological changes in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Fan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhuoyao Huang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingyu Tian
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huijuan Pan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yaru Cao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tian Lei
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainmatics, JITRI, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainmatics, JITRI, Suzhou 215123, China
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47
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Feng X, Zhang J, Yang R, Bai J, Deng B, Cheng L, Gao F, Xie J, Zhang B. The CaMKII Inhibitory Peptide AIP Alleviates Renal Fibrosis Through the TGF- β/Smad and RAF/ERK Pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:310-322. [PMID: 37419684 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that destroys and replaces the functional renal parenchyma, ultimately leading to organ failure. It is a common pathway by which chronic kidney disease can develop into end-stage renal disease, which has high global morbidity and mortality, and there are currently no good therapeutic agents available. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been indicated to be closely related to the occurrence of renal fibrosis, and its specific inhibitory peptide, autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide (AIP), was shown to directly bind the active site of CaMKII. In this study, we examined the effect of AIP on the progression of renal fibrosis and its possible mechanism. The results showed that AIP could inhibit the expression of the fibrosis markers fibronectin, collagen I, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and α-smooth muscle actin in vivo and in vitro. Further analysis revealed that AIP could inhibit the expression of various epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation-related markers, such as vimentin and Snail 1, in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, AIP could significantly inhibit the activation of CaMKII, Smad 2, Raf, and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in vitro and in vivo and reduce the expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in vivo. These results suggested that AIP could alleviate renal fibrosis by inhibiting CaMKII and blocking activation of the TGF-β/Smad2 and RAF/ERK pathways. Our study provides a possible drug candidate and demonstrates that CaMKII is a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of renal fibrosis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We have demonstrated that AIP significantly attenuated transforming growth factor-β-1-induced fibrogenesis and ameliorated unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis through the CaMKII/TGF-β/Smad and CaMKII/RAF/ERK signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides a possible drug candidate and demonstrates that CaMKII can be a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Runling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingya Bai
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bochuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feiyun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bangzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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48
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Chen M, Zuo S, Chen S, Li X, Zhang T, Yang D, Zou X, Yang Y, Long H, Peng R, Yuan H, Guo B, Liu L. Pharmacological inhibition of SMYD2 protects against cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis and inflammation. J Pharmacol Sci 2023; 153:38-45. [PMID: 37524453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SET and MYND domain protein 2 (SMYD2) can methylate histone H3 at lysine36 (H3K36) and some non-histone substrates to play a role in tumorigenesis. However, It is unclear how SMYD2 contributes to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, AZ505 or LLY507, which could inhibit SMYD2, were used in cisplatin-induced CKD to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms by which they might act. We found that high expression of SMYD2 in cisplatin-induced CKD. However, AZ505 or LLY507 can significantly inhibit its expression, improve renal function injury and fibrosis induced by cisplatin, inhibit the transition of epithelial cells to a fibrogenic phenotype and fibrosis-related proteins, inhibit the expression of Inflammatory Cytokines (such as IL-6 and TNF-α), And inhibit the phosphorylation of pro-fibrosis molecule Smad3 and signal transduction and transcription activator-3 (STAT3) and up-regulated the expression of renal protective factor Smad7. In cultured tubular epithelial cells, AZ505 also can inhibit the expression of EMT, fibrosis-related proteins, and inflammatory cytokines in cisplatin-induced tubular epithelial cells. Based on these findings, SMYD2 may be a critical regulator of cisplatin-induced CKD and targeted pharmacological inhibition of SMYD2 may prevent cisplatin-induced CKD through Smad3 or STAT3-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Siyang Zuo
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Siyu Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Center for Clinical Medical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Dan Yang
- Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Center for Clinical Medical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Xue Zou
- Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Center for Clinical Medical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Hehua Long
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Rui Peng
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Huixiong Yuan
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Lirong Liu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China; Guizhou Precision Medicine Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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49
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Poolsri W, Noitem R, Jutabha P, Raveesunthornkiat M, Danova A, Chavasiri W, Muanprasat C. Discovery of a chalcone derivative as an anti-fibrotic agent targeting transforming growth factor-β1 signaling: Potential therapy of renal fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115098. [PMID: 37437378 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As a final common pathway of renal injuries, renal fibrosis leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Currently, there is no safe and effective therapy to prevent the progression of renal fibrosis to CKD. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) pathway is proposed as one of the most promising approaches for anti-renal fibrosis therapies. This study aimed to identify novel anti-fibrotic agents using the TGF-β1-induced fibrosis in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC) and characterize their mechanism of action as well as in vivo efficacy. By screening 362 natural product-based compounds for their ability to reduce collagen accumulation assessed by picro-sirius red (PSR) staining in RPTEC cells, a chalcone derivative AD-021 was identified as an anti-fibrotic agent with IC50 of 14.93 μM. AD-021 suppressed TGF-β1-induced collagen production, expression of pro-fibrotic proteins (fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)), and Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signaling pathways via suppression of TGF-β receptor II (TGFβRII) phosphorylation in RPTEC cells. Furthermore, TGF-β1-induced mitochondrial fission in RPTEC cells was ameliorated by AD-021 via mechanisms involving inhibition of Drp1 phosphorylation. In a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis, AD-021 reduced plasma TGF-β1, ameliorated renal fibrosis and improved renal function. Collectively, AD-021 represents a novel class of natural product-based anti-fibrotic agent that has therapeutic potential in the prevention of fibrosis-associated renal disorders including CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanangkan Poolsri
- Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand; Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Phli, Samut Prakarn, Thailand
| | - Rattikarn Noitem
- Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand; Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Phli, Samut Prakarn, Thailand
| | - Promsuk Jutabha
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Phli, Samut Prakarn, Thailand
| | | | - Ade Danova
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural, 16 Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa No.10, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Warinthorn Chavasiri
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Phli, Samut Prakarn, Thailand.
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50
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Bhatt R, Vo K, Cumpanas AD, Morgan KL, Shin A, Ali SN, Rojhani A, Peta A, Brevik A, Tano ZE, Jiang P, Patel RM, Clayman RV, Landman J. Evaluation of Renal Function and Stent Durability Following Resonance Stent Placement for Benign Disease. J Endourol 2023; 37:1049-1056. [PMID: 37493542 DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The metal-based Resonance stent (RS) has traditionally been placed in patients with malignant ureteral obstruction; as such, the long-term utility of RS among patients with benign ureteral obstruction (BUO) remains underinvestigated. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database for patients with BUO who underwent RS placement between 2010 and 2020. The impact of chronic RS placement on renal function was evaluated by estimated serum creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), furosemide renal scan, and CT-based renal parenchymal volume measurement. The number of and reason for RS stent exchanges during the follow-up period, incidence of encrustation, and the average indwell time were recorded. A cost analysis of placing the RS vs a polymeric stent was performed. Results: Among 43 RS patients with BUO, at a mean follow-up of 26 months, there was no change in eGFR (p = 0.99), parenchymal volume (p = 0.44), or split renal function of the stent-bearing side on renal scan (p = 0.48). The mean RS indwell time was 9.7 months. Eleven patients (26%) underwent premature stent replacement (6 cases) or removal (5 cases). Stents in 9 patients (32%) were encrusted, of which 4 (44%) required laser lithotripsy. Overall, 25 patients (58%) and 12 patients (28%) had a mean stent indwell time of ≥6 months and ≥12 months, respectively. Placing an RS resulted in a 52%, 37%, and 5.6% cost reduction compared with a regular polymeric stent placement, where it was exchanged every 6, 4, or 3 months, respectively. Conclusions: RS deployment in the patient with a BUO results in cost-effective maintenance of renal function and of renal parenchymal volume at a mean follow-up of 2 years; however, only 28% of patients fulfilled the 1-year criterion for RS indwell time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Bhatt
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Kelvin Vo
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Andrei D Cumpanas
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Kalon L Morgan
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Andrew Shin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Sohrab N Ali
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Allen Rojhani
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Akhil Peta
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Andrew Brevik
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Zachary E Tano
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Pengbo Jiang
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Roshan M Patel
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Ralph V Clayman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Jaime Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
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