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Fan Y, Zou HQ. CMTM5 influences Hippo/YAP axis to promote ferroptosis in glioma through regulating WWP2-mediated LATS2 ubiquitination. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024. [PMID: 39166861 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma, a common malignancy, is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Promoting ferroptosis can delay tumor progression. Here, we aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of ferroptosis in glioma. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted using glioma cells and nude mice. The expression of genes and proteins was evaluated by RT-qPCR, Western blot assay, and immunohistochemical staining. Malignant activities of glioma cells were evaluated using MTT, EdU, and Transwell assays. The levels of Fe2+, lipid reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde were determined using commercial kits. The interplays among CMTM5, WWP2, and LATS2 were validated using Co-immunoprecipitation assay. The UALCAN database predicted downregulation of CMTM5 expression in glioma, and low expression of CMTM5 was associated with poor survival outcomes. CMTM5 overexpression inhibited cell growth and invasion and promoted ferroptosis of glioma cells. Besides, CMTM5 protein interacted with WWP2 protein and decreased WWP2 expression. WWP2 silencing attenuated LATS2 ubiquitination to enhance LATS2 expression and phosphorylation of YAP1. CMTM5 exerted a suppressive effect on cell growth and invasion and promoted ferroptosis of glioma cells by regulating the WWP2/LATS2 pathway. In the in vivo experiments, CMTM5 overexpression suppressed tumor growth and enhanced ferroptosis. CMTM5 regulated Hippo/YAP signaling to inhibit cell growth and invasion and to promote ferroptosis in glioma by regulating WWP2-mediated LATS2 ubiquitination, thereby attenuating glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Fan
- Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - He-Qin Zou
- Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
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2
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Nakka P, Jassi C, Chen MC, Liu YS, Liu JY, Yeh CM, Li CC, Chang YC, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Sensitization of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to HDACi is regulated through hsa-miR-342-5p/CFL1. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:291. [PMID: 39152428 PMCID: PMC11328471 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global health challenge. HCC chemoresistance is a clinical obstacle for its management. Aberrant miRNA expression is a hallmark for both cancer progression and drug resistance. However, it is unclear which miRNAs are involved in HCC chemoresistance. METHODS MicroRNA microarray analysis revealed a differential expression profile of microRNAs between the hepatocellular carcinoma HA22T cell line and the HDACi-R cell line, which was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). To determine the biological function of miR-342-5p and the mechanism of the microRNA-342-5p/CFL1 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma HDACi resistance, loss- and gain-of-function studies were conducted in vitro. RESULTS Here we demonstrated the molecular mechanism of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) resistance in HCC. Differential miRNA expression analysis showed significant down regulation of miR-342-5p in HDACi-R cells than in parental HA22T cells. Mimics of miR-342-5p enhanced apoptosis through upregulation of Bax, cyto-C, cleaved-caspase-3 expressions with concomitant decline in anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) in HDACi-R cells. Although HDACi did not increase cell viability of HDACi-R, overexpression of miR-342-5p decreased cofilin-1 expression, upregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated apoptosis, and sensitized HDACi-R to HDACi in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated the critical role of miR-342-5p in HDACi resistance of HCC and that this mechanism might be attributed to miR-342-5p/cofilin-1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathi Nakka
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chikondi Jassi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Li
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
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3
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Qin C, Zhao B, Wang Y, Li Z, Li T, Zhao Y, Wang W, Zhao Y. Extracellular vesicles miR-31-5p promotes pancreatic cancer chemoresistance via regulating LATS2-Hippo pathway and promoting SPARC secretion from pancreatic stellate cells. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12488. [PMID: 39104296 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignant diseases. Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is still one of the first-line systemic treatments, but chemoresistance occurs in the majority of patients. Recently, accumulated evidence has demonstrated the role of the tumour microenvironment in promoting chemoresistance. In the tumour microenvironment, pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are among the main cellular components, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are common mediators of cell‒cell communication. In this study, we showed that SP1-transcribed miR-31-5p not only targeted LATS2 in pancreatic cancer cells but also regulated the Hippo pathway in PSCs through EV transfer. Consequently, PSCs synthesized and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteins (SPARC), which was preferentially expressed in stromal cells, stimulating Extracellular Signal regulated kinase (ERK) signalling in pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, pancreatic cancer cell survival and chemoresistance were improved due to both the intrinsic Hippo pathway regulated by miR-31-5p and external SPARC-induced ERK signalling. In mouse models, miR-31-5p overexpression in pancreatic cancer cells promoted the chemoresistance of coinjected xenografts. In a tissue microarray, pancreatic cancer patients with higher miR-31-5p expression had shorter overall survival. Therefore, miR-31-5p regulates the Hippo pathway in multiple cell types within the tumour microenvironment via EVs, ultimately contributing to the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bangbo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zeru Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure on Translational Medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
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4
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Nazari A, Ghasemi T, Khalaj-Kondori M, Fathi R. Promoter of lncRNA MORT is aberrantly methylated in colorectal cancer. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38619194 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2328732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation plays essential roles in the colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis and has been demonstrated as a promising marker for cancer early detection. In this project, methylation status of the MORT promoter was studied in CRC and their marginal tissues using qMSP assay. Furthermore, we investigated the molecular function of MORT in CRC progression using computational analysis. The results showed a high methylation level of MORT promoter in CRC tissues. By in silico analysis, we found that MORT downregulation could promote the proliferation of CRC cells via sponging of has-miR-574-5p and has-miR-31-5p, and alteration of their targets expression pattern such as MYOCD and FOXP2. In conclusion, based on our results, promoter hypermethylation of MORT might be considered as a potential biomarker for CRC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylar Nazari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Ghasemi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khalaj-Kondori
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Fathi
- Department of Genetics, Molecular Cell Group, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University of Ahar, Ahar, Iran
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5
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Chen MC, Devi HS, Pien HF, Wen SFM, Sheu JL, Tsai BCK, Huang CY, Lin YJ. Novel chromium (III)-based compound for inhibition of oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer progression. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:979-995. [PMID: 38590406 PMCID: PMC10998745 DOI: 10.62347/xtrt2780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The current standard of care includes systemic chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents, offering palliative relief for severe CRC cases and serving as the primary therapy for metastatic recurrence. However, the development of chemoresistance poses a substantial obstacle in the realm of chemotherapy. This study delved into the potential of a novel chromium (III)-based compound, hexaacetotetraaquadihydroxochromium (III) diiron (III) nitrate, for CRC treatment. The therapeutic promise of this innovative chromium (III)-based compound was explored by utilizing LoVo colon cancer cells and an in-vivo mouse model of CRC. Various dosages of the compound were administered to LoVo parental cells and LoVo oxaliplatin-resistant cells. Findings unveiled that a concentration of 2000 μg/mL of the chromium (III) compound significantly inhibited mesenchymal transition and the migratory and invasive properties of LoVo oxaliplatin-resistant cells. This novel chromium (III)-based compound also demonstrated similar efficacy in other different CRC cell lines. The tumor growth was in the in-vivo mouse model was reduced by this compound. Moreover, the chromium (III)-based compound induced apoptosis by triggering the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway in LoVo oxaliplatin-resistant cells. This study illuminates the capacity of the novel chromium (III)-based compound to impede the progression and growth of chemotherapy-resistant CRC. This discovery instills confidence in the potential of this compound as a therapeutic agent for CRC, even in the face of drug resistance. It holds the promise of serving as a valuable asset in the future treatment of chemotherapy-resistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Hema Sri Devi
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi UniversityHualien, Taiwan
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6
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Hashemi M, Esbati N, Rashidi M, Gholami S, Raesi R, Bidoki SS, Goharrizi MASB, Motlagh YSM, Khorrami R, Tavakolpournegari A, Nabavi N, Zou R, Mohammadnahal L, Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K. Biological landscape and nanostructural view in development and reversal of oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101846. [PMID: 38042134 PMCID: PMC10716031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer patients has been mainly followed using chemotherapy and it is a gold standard in improving prognosis and survival rate of patients. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a third-platinum anti-cancer agent that reduces DNA synthesis in cancer cells to interfere with their growth and cell cycle progression. In spite of promising results of using OXA in cancer chemotherapy, the process of drug resistance has made some challenges. OXA is commonly applied in treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) as a malignancy of gastrointestinal tract and when CRC cells increase their proliferation and metastasis, they can obtain resistance to OXA chemotherapy. A number of molecular factors such as CHK2, SIRT1, c-Myc, LATS2 and FOXC1 have been considered as regulators of OXA response in CRC cells. The non-coding RNAs are able to function as master regulator of other molecular pathways in modulating OXA resistance. There is a close association between molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, glycolysis and EMT with OXA resistance, so that apoptosis inhibition, pro-survival autophagy induction and stimulation of EMT and glycolysis can induce OXA resistance in CRC cells. A number of anti-tumor compounds including astragaloside IV, resveratrol and nobiletin are able to enhance OXA sensitivity in CRC cells. Nanoparticles for increasing potential of OXA in CRC suppression and reversing OXA resistance have been employed in cancer chemotherapy. These subjects are covered in this review article to shed light on molecular factors resulting in OXA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Esbati
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sadaf Gholami
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahabadin Bidoki
- Faculty of medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rongjun Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Leila Mohammadnahal
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Su YC, Metzen LT, Vélez LM, Bournique E, Seldin M, Buisson R, Kuo WW, Huang CY, Kaiser P. Induction of resistance to oxaliplatin in cancer by a microRNA/Fem1B/Gli1 pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:6011-6025. [PMID: 38187042 PMCID: PMC10767360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide and a frequent cause of cancer related deaths. Oxaliplatin is the first line chemotherapeutics for treatment, but the development of resistance leads to recurrence of oxaliplatin insensitive tumors. To understand possible mechanisms of drug tolerance we developed oxaliplatin resistant derivatives (OR-LoVo) of the established LoVo cell line originally isolated from a metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. We compared the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of the cell pair and found expression of miR-29a-3p significantly increased in OR-LoVo cells compared to parent cells. In addition, miR-29a-3p was significantly elevated in tumor tissue when compared to matched surrounding tissue in human, suggesting potential clinical importance. Ectopic miR-29-a-3p expression induced chemoresistance in a number of different cancer cell lines as well as colorectal tumors in mice. We further demonstrated that miR-29-a-3p downregulates expression of the ubiquitin ligase component FEM1B and that reduction of Fem1b levels is sufficient to confer oxaliplatin resistance. FEM1B targets the glioma associated oncogene Gli1 for degradation, suggesting that increased Gli1 levels could contribute to oxaliplatin tolerance. Accordingly, knockdown of GLI1 reverted chemoresistance of OR-LoVo cells. Mechanistically, resistant cells experienced significantly lower DNA damage upon oxaliplatin treatment, which can be partially explained by reduced oxaliplatin uptake and enhanced repair. These results suggest that miR-29-a-3p overexpression induces oxaliplatin resistance through misregulation of Fem1B and Gli1 levels. TCGA analyses provides strong evidence that the reported findings regarding induced drug tolerance by the miR-29a/Fem1B axis is clinically relevant. The reported findings can help to predict oxaliplatin sensitivity and resistance of colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Su
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Landon Tyler Metzen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Leandro Martín Vélez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Elodie Bournique
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Marcus Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Rémi Buisson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationHualien 970, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia UniversityTaichung 413, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical UniversityTaichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Peter Kaiser
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaIrvine, California 92697, USA
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Barik P, Kuo WW, Kuo CH, Hsieh DJY, Day CH, Daddam J, Chen MYC, Padma VV, Shibu MA, Huang CY. Rewiring of IGF1 secretion and enhanced IGF1R signaling induced by co-chaperone carboxyl-terminus of Hsp70 interacting protein in adipose-derived stem cells provide augmented cardioprotection in aging-hypertensive rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14019-14038. [PMID: 38085649 PMCID: PMC10756089 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging-associated cardiovascular diseases depend on the longitudinal deterioration of stem cell dynamics. The entire mechanism behind it is not completely understood. However, many studies suggest that endocrine pathways, particularly the insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF1) signaling pathway are involved in cardioprotection, especially in stem-cell treatments. Here, we investigated the role of a co-chaperone, carboxyl-terminus of Hsp70 interacting protein (CHIP) in the aspects of growth factor secretion and receptor stabilization in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Briefly, we overexpressed CHIP in rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) and explored the consequences in vitro, and in vivo, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Our data revealed that CHIP overexpression in rADSCs promoted the secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) as per immunoblot/cytokine array analysis. We also found that these results were dependent on the nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in rADSCs. Further, the CHIP co-chaperone was also involved in the stabilization of the receptor of IGF1 (IGF1R); interactions between the beta transmembrane region of IGF1R, and the tetracopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of CHIP were evident. Importantly, after the transplantation of lentiviral CHIP overexpression of rADSCs (rADSCsCHIP-WT) into nine months aging-SHR led to an increase in their cardiac function - increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening (≈15% vs. control SHR) - as well as a decrease in their heart size and heart rate, respectively. Altogether, our results support the use of CHIP overexpressing stem cells for the mitigation of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling associated with late-stage hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathi Barik
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jayasimharayalu Daddam
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - V. Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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9
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Yan G, Lei W. Role of ELK1 in regulating colorectal cancer progression: miR-31-5p/CDIP1 axis in CRC pathogenesis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15602. [PMID: 37547727 PMCID: PMC10399563 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor that affects the digestive system. With the increased of modernization of society, the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased throughout the world. As a transcription factor, ELK1 has been widely studied in colorectal cancer. However, there are still many unknown factors regarding its specific mechanism of action.This study explored the role of ELK1 and its downstream pathway in CRC pathogenesis. Methods Based on clinical samples, this study examined miR-31-5p expression in CRC cells and its impact on malignant behaviors (migration, invasion, apoptosis) and autophagy. The promoter sequence of miR-31-5p was obtained from the UCSC database, and ELK1 was identified as its transcription factor. In ELK1-knockdown CRC cells, miR-31-5p was overexpressed, and its response in malignant behaviors and autophagy was analyzed. The target gene CDIP1 was predicted and verified using a dual-luciferase assay. The influence of CDIP1 on malignant behavior in CRC cells was assessed, and CDIP1 siRNA was used as a rescue treatment for miR-31-5p inhibition. The role of ELK1/miR-31-5p in tumor growth was validated in vivo. Results miR-31-5p expression was upregulated in the colorectal cancer tissues and cells. The knockdown of miR-31-5p markedly inhibited cancer cells' malignant behaviors and mediated autophagy. ELK1 was confirmed to bind with the miR-31-5p promoter and enhance miR-31-5p transcription. miR-31-5p was found to bind with the CDIP1 3'UTR and inhibit CDIP1 expression. CDIP1 siRNA partially rescued the effects of miR-31-5p knockdown on cell metastatic ability, autophagy, and apoptosis. Based on the in vivo experiments, results showed that the ELK1/miR-31-5p axis positively regulated tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion Our findings indicate that ELK1 regulates the progression of colorectal cancer via an miR-31-5p/CDIP1 axis, and the ELK1/miR-31-5p/CDIP1 axis could be a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Yan
- Department of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wang Lei
- Department of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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10
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Sweef O, Zaabout E, Bakheet A, Halawa M, Gad I, Akela M, Tousson E, Abdelghany A, Furuta S. Unraveling Therapeutic Opportunities and the Diagnostic Potential of microRNAs for Human Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2061. [PMID: 37631277 PMCID: PMC10459057 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major public health problem and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances in treatment options, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer patients remains low, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer due to their crucial roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. For example, miR-34a and miR-150, once delivered to lung cancer via liposomes or nanoparticles, can inhibit tumor growth by downregulating critical cancer promoting genes. Conversely, miR-21 and miR-155, frequently overexpressed in lung cancer, are associated with increased cell proliferation, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the roles of miRNAs in lung carcinogenesis, especially those induced by exposure to environmental pollutants, namely, arsenic and benzopyrene, which account for up to 1/10 of lung cancer cases. We then discuss the recent advances in miRNA-based cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Such information will provide new insights into lung cancer pathogenesis and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic modalities based on miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Sweef
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Zaabout
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Bakheet
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Mohamed Halawa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ibrahim Gad
- Department of Statistics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Akela
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Abdelghany
- Biomedical Research Center of University of Granada, Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Saori Furuta
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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11
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Tang B, Lu X, Tong Y, Feng Y, Mao Y, Dun G, Li J, Xu Q, Tang J, Zhang T, Deng L, He X, Lan Y, Luo H, Zeng L, Xiang Y, Li Q, Zeng D, Mao X. MicroRNA-31 induced by Fusobacterium nucleatum infection promotes colorectal cancer tumorigenesis. iScience 2023; 26:106770. [PMID: 37216106 PMCID: PMC10196571 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent Fusobacterium nucleatum infection is associated with the development of human colorectal cancer (CRC) and promotes tumorigenicity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we reported that F. nucleatum promoted the tumorigenicity of CRC, which was associated with F. nucleatum-induced microRNA-31 (miR-31) expression in CRC tissues and cells. F. nucleatum infection inhibited autophagic flux by miR-31 through inhibiting syntaxin-12 (STX12) and was associated with the increased intracellular survival of F. nucleatum. Overexpression of miR-31 in CRC cells promoted their tumorigenicity by targeting eukaryotic initiation factor 4F-binding protein 1/2 (eIF4EBP1/2), whereas miR-31 knockout mice were resistant to the formation of colorectal tumors. In conclusion, F. nucleatum, miR-31, and STX12 form a closed loop in the autophagy pathway, and continuous F. nucleatum-induced miR-31 expression promotes the tumorigenicity of CRC cells by targeting eIF4EBP1/2. These findings reveal miR-31 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in CRC patients with F. nucleatum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Jiangjin, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - Xiaoxue Lu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanan Tong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuyang Feng
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yilan Mao
- Class of 2021 undergraduate, Nursing College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guodong Dun
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Qiaolin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Xiaoyi He
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yuanzhi Lan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Huaxing Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Linghai Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Dongzhu Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Xuhu Mao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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12
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Aseervatham J. Dynamic Role of Exosome microRNAs in Cancer Cell Signaling and Their Emerging Role as Noninvasive Biomarkers. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050710. [PMID: 37237523 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that originate from endosomes and are released by all cells irrespective of their origin or type. They play an important role in cell communication and can act in an autocrine, endocrine, or paracrine fashion. They are 40-150 nm in diameter and have a similar composition to the cell of origin. An exosome released by a particular cell is unique since it carries information about the state of the cell in pathological conditions such as cancer. miRNAs carried by cancer-derived exosomes play a multifaceted role by taking part in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and immune evasion. Depending on the type of miRNA that it carries as its cargo, it can render cells chemo- or radiosensitive or resistant and can also act as a tumor suppressor. Since the composition of exosomes is affected by the cellular state, stress, and changes in the environment, they can be used as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Their unique ability to cross biological barriers makes them an excellent choice as vehicles for drug delivery. Because of their easy availability and stability, they can be used to replace cancer biopsies, which are invasive and expensive. Exosomes can also be used to follow the progression of diseases and monitor treatment strategies. A better understanding of the roles and functions of exosomal miRNA can be used to develop noninvasive, innovative, and novel treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Aseervatham
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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13
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Extracellular Vesicles in Colorectal Cancer: From Tumor Growth and Metastasis to Biomarkers and Nanomedications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041107. [PMID: 36831450 PMCID: PMC9953945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading public health concern due to its incidence and high mortality rates, highlighting the requirement of an early diagnosis. Evaluation of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) might constitute a noninvasive and reliable approach for CRC detection and for patient follow-up because EVs display the molecular features of the cells they originate. EVs are released by almost all cell types and are mainly categorized as exosomes originating from exocytosis of intraluminal vesicles from multivesicular bodies, ectosomes resulting from outward budding of the plasma membrane and apoptotic bodies' ensuing cell shrinkage. These vesicles play a critical role in intercellular communications during physiological and pathological processes. They facilitate CRC progression and premetastatic niche formation, and they enable transfer of chemotherapy resistance to sensitive cells through the local or remote delivery of their lipid, nucleic acid and protein content. On another note, their stability in the bloodstream, their permeation in tissues and their sheltering of packaged material make engineered EVs suitable vectors for efficient delivery of tracers and therapeutic agents for tumor imaging or treatment. Here, we focus on the physiopathological role of EVs in CRCs, their value in the diagnosis and prognosis and ongoing investigations into therapeutic approaches.
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14
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Hargadon KM, Strong EW. The FOXC2 Transcription Factor: A Master Regulator of Chemoresistance in Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231155284. [PMID: 36740986 PMCID: PMC9903043 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231155284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXC2, a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors, is an emerging oncogene that has been linked to several hallmarks of cancer progression. Among its many oncogenic functions is the promotion of drug resistance, with evidence supporting roles for FOXC2 in escape from broad classes of chemotherapeutics across an array of cancer types. In this Mini-Review, we highlight the current understanding of the mechanisms by which FOXC2 drives cancer chemoresistance, including its roles in the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, induction of multidrug transporters, activation of the oxidative stress response, and deregulation of cell survival signaling pathways. We discuss the clinical implications of these findings, including strategies for modulating FOXC2-associated chemoresistance in cancer. Particular attention is given to ways in which FOXC2 and its downstream gene products and pathways can be targeted to restore chemosensitivity in cancer cells. In addition, the utility of FOXC2 expression as a predictor of patient response to chemotherapy is also highlighted, with emphasis on the value of FOXC2 as a novel biomarker that can be used to guide therapeutic choice towards regimens most likely to achieve clinical benefit during frontline therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian M. Hargadon
- Hargadon Laboratory, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA, USA,Kristian M. Hargadon, PhD, Hampden-Sydney College, Brown Student Center, Box 837, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, USA.
| | - Elijah W. Strong
- Hargadon Laboratory, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA, USA
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15
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Integrated Microarray-Based Data Analysis of miRNA Expression Profiles: Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Cisplatin-Resistance in Testicular Germ Cell Tumours. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032495. [PMID: 36768818 PMCID: PMC9916636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) are the most common solid malignancy among young men, and their incidence is still increasing. Despite good curability with cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy, about 10% of TGCTs are non-responsive and show a chemoresistant phenotype. To further increase TGCT curability, better prediction of risk of relapse and early detection of refractory cases is needed. Therefore, to diagnose this malignancy more precisely, stratify patients more accurately and improve decision-making on treatment modality, new biomarkers are still required. Numerous studies showed association of differential expressions of microRNAs (miRNAs) with cancer. Using microarray analysis followed by RT-qPCR validation, we identified specific miRNA expression patterns that discriminate chemoresistant phenotypes in TGCTs. Comparing CDDP-resistant vs. -sensitive TGCT cell lines, we identified miR-218-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-27b-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-214-3p, let-7a and miR-517a-3p as significantly up-regulated and miR-374b-5p, miR-378a-3p, miR-20b-5p and miR-30e-3p as significantly down-regulated. In patient tumour samples, we observed the highest median values of relative expression of miR-218-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-375-5p and miR-517a-3p, but also miR-20b-5p and miR-378a-3p, in metastatic tumour samples when compared with primary tumour or control samples. In TGCT patient plasma samples, we detected increased expression of miR-218-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-517a-3p and miR-375-5p when compared to healthy individuals. We propose that miR-218-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-375-5p, miR-517-3p, miR-20b-5p and miR-378a-3p represent a new panel of biomarkers for better prediction of chemoresistance and more aggressive phenotypes potentially underlying metastatic spread in non-seminomatous TGCTs. In addition, we provide predictions of the targets and functional and regulatory networks of selected miRNAs.
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Chuang YT, Tang JY, Shiau JP, Yen CY, Chang FR, Yang KH, Hou MF, Farooqi AA, Chang HW. Modulating Effects of Cancer-Derived Exosomal miRNAs and Exosomal Processing by Natural Products. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15010318. [PMID: 36612314 PMCID: PMC9818271 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-derived exosomes exhibit sophisticated functions, such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, resistance, and tumor microenvironment changes. Several clinical drugs modulate these exosome functions, but the impacts of natural products are not well understood. Exosome functions are regulated by exosome processing, such as secretion and assembly. The modulation of these exosome-processing genes can exert the anticancer and precancer effects of cancer-derived exosomes. This review focuses on the cancer-derived exosomal miRNAs that regulate exosome processing, acting on the natural-product-modulating cell functions of cancer cells. However, the role of exosomal processing has been overlooked in several studies of exosomal miRNAs and natural products. In this study, utilizing the bioinformatics database (miRDB), the exosome-processing genes of natural-product-modulated exosomal miRNAs were predicted. Consequently, several natural drugs that modulate exosome processing and exosomal miRNAs and regulate cancer cell functions are described here. This review sheds light on and improves our understanding of the modulating effects of exosomal miRNAs and their potential exosomal processing targets on anticancer treatments based on the use of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ping Shiau
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Han Yang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.A.F.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +92-0334-4346213 (A.A.F.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2691) (H.-W.C.)
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.A.F.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +92-0334-4346213 (A.A.F.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2691) (H.-W.C.)
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Xu W, Liang Y, Zhuang Y, Yuan Z. Identification of miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy using Bioinformatics Analysis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:1628-1636. [PMID: 37114785 PMCID: PMC10661965 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230419081351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of visual loss. This study aimed to explore biomarkers for DR that may provide additional reference to DR pathogenesis and development. METHODS The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the DR and control samples in the GSE53257 dataset were identified. Logistics analyses were performed to identify DR-associated miRNAs and genes, and correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between them in GSE160306. RESULTS A total of 114 DEGs in DR were identified in GSE53257. Three genes, including ATP5A1 (down), DAUFV2 (down), and OXA1L (down), were differentially expressed between DR and control samples in GSE160306. Univariate logistics analysis identified that ATP5A1 (OR=0.007, p = 1.40E-02), NDUFV2 (OR = 0.003, p = 6.40E-03), and OXA1L (OR = 0.093, p = 3.08E-02) were DR-associated genes. ATP5A1 and OXA1L were regulated by multiple miRNAs, of which hsa-let- 7b-5p (OR = 26.071, p = 4.40E-03) and hsa-miR-31-5p (OR = 4.188, p = 5.09E-02) were related to DR. ATP5A1 and OXA1L were closely correlated with each other in DR. CONCLUSION The hsa-miR-31-5p-ATP5A1 and hsa-let-7b-5p-OXA1L axes might play novel and important roles in the pathogenesis and development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihai Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, 224500, China, 210029
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 224500, China
| | - Ya Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 224500, China
| | - Ying Zhuang
- Department of Stomatology, the Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, China, 224500
| | - Zhilan Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 224500, China
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Su SH, Sundhar N, Kuo WW, Lai SC, Kuo CH, Ho TJ, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin YJ, Huang CY. Artemisia argyi extract induces apoptosis in human gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells via the PI3K/MAPK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 299:115658. [PMID: 36075273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vaniot (Asteraceae), also called "Chinese mugwort", is frequently used as a herbal medicine in China, Japan, Korea, and eastern parts of Russia. It is known as "ai ye" in China and "Gaiyou" in Japan. In ancient China, the buds and leaves of A. argyi were commonly consumed before and after Tomb-sweeping Day. It is used to treat malaria, hepatitis, cancer, inflammatory diseases, asthma, irregular menstrual cycle, sinusitis, and pathologic conditions of the kidney and liver. Although A. argyi extract (AAE) has shown anti-tumor activity against various cancers, the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of AAE remains to be further studied in lung cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to demonstrate the anti-tumor effect of AAE and its associated biological mechanisms in CL1-0 parent and gemcitabine-resistant (CL1-0-GR) lung cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Human lung cancer cells CL1-0 and CL1-0-GR cells were treated with AAE. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT, colony, and spheroid formation assays. Migration, invasion, and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the extent of epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT). JC-1 and MitoSOX fluorescent assays were performed to investigate the effect of AAE on mitochondria. Apoptosis was detected using the TUNEL assay and flow cytometry with Annexin V staining. RESULT We found that A. argyi significantly decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis, accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased ROS levels in both parent cells (CL1-0) and gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells (CL1-0-GR). AAE-induced apoptosis is regulated via the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. It also prevents CL1-0 and CL1-0-GR cancer cell invasion, migration, EMT, colony formation, and spheroid formation. In addition, AAE acts cooperative with commercial chemotherapy drugs to enhance tumor spheroid shrinkage. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first evidence that A. argyi treatment suppresses both parent and gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells by inducing ROS, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and apoptosis, and reducing EMT. Our finding provides insights into the anti-cancer activity of A. argyi and suggests that A. argyi may serve as a chemotherapy adjuvant that potentiates the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Hua Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Navaneethan Sundhar
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chih Lai
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Yen Shih
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
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19
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Zangouei AS, Tolue Ghasaban F, Dalili A, Akhlaghipour I, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the pivotal regulators of Forkhead box protein family during gastrointestinal tumor progression and metastasis. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Chen Y, Ji S, Ying J, Sun Y, Liu J, Yin G. KRT6A expedites bladder cancer progression, regulated by miR-31-5p. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1479-1490. [PMID: 35311447 PMCID: PMC9278449 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2054095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most severe life-threatening illnesses worldwide. To contribute to a solution to this public health issue, here, we sought to identify a novel biomarker for the early diagnosis of bladder tumors. We conducted RNA sequence analysis utilizing samples from tumorous tissue and adjacent healthy tissue in bladder cancer patients and found that KRT6A was upregulated in bladder tumor tissues, suggesting that it might be a candidate for involvement in bladder tumorigenesis. Accordingly, we performed a series of experiments to further verify the role of KRT6A in bladder tumor progression. Our results revealed that KRT6A promoted bladder tumor cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion, while diminishing bladder tumor cell apoptosis. We also focused on the role of epigenetics in bladder tumors and verified that KRT6A was a miR-31-5p target gene, and its positive effect on bladder tumor progression was relieved by miR-31-5p. Overall, this study sheds new light regarding a novel oncogenic regulatory axis, KRT6A/miR-31-5p, which is related to bladder tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Geriatric (Urology), Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shiben Ji
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianxin Ying
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongchang Sun
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohong Yin
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- CONTACT Guohong Yin Department of Urology, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, No. 7, Erqi Side Road, Jiangan District, Wuhan, Hubei430030, China
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21
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Fang CL, Goswami D, Kuo CH, Day CH, Lin MY, Ho TJ, Yang LY, Hsieh DJY, Lin TK, Huang CY. Angelica dahurica attenuates melanogenesis in B16F0 cells by repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Qu Z, Yang KD, Luo BH, Zhang F. CAFs-secreted exosomal cricN4BP2L2 promoted colorectal cancer stemness and chemoresistance by interacting with EIF4A3. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113266. [PMID: 35752345 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts secreted exosomes (CAFs-exo) are important for tumor carcinogenesis and chemoresistance, but its underlying mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of CAFs-exo cricN4BP2L2 on the proliferation, apoptosis, stemness and chemoresistance of LoVo cells. We found that CAFs-exo promoted the oxaliplatin resistance and stemness of LoVo cells, while inhibited the LoVo cell apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of cricN4BP2L2 in CAFs-exo inhibited the oxaliplatin resistance and stemness characteristics of LoVo cells. Mechanistically, cricN4BP2L2 regulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis by binding to EIF4A3. Rescue experiments proved that CAFs-derived exosomal cricN4BP2L2 promoted CRC cells stemness and oxaliplatin resistance by upregulating EIF4A3. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that depletion of cricN4BP2L2 suppressed CRC tumorigenesis growth. In conclusion, CAFs-exo cricN4BP2L2 promoted the CRC cells stemness and oxaliplatin resistance through EIF4A3/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ke-Da Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Bai-Hua Luo
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, PR China.
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23
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Liu YS, Chang YC, Kuo WW, Chen MC, Wang TF, Chen TS, Lin YM, Li CC, Liao PH, Huang CY. Calreticulin nuclear translocalization alleviates CaM/CaMKII/CREB signaling pathway to enhance chemosensitivity in HDAC inhibitor-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5097-5115. [PMID: 35724265 PMCID: PMC9271289 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), it helps proteins fold correctly inside the ER, and acts as a modulator of Ca2+ homeostasis. Aberrant expression of CRT is implicated in several cancer types, qualifying CRT as a potential therapeutic target. However, it remains unclear how CRT affects specific oncogenic pathways. In this study, we used histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) to establish drug-resistant liver cancer cells and further analyzed the molecular mechanism of development of drug resistance in those cells. The 2D gel electrophoresis and RT-PCR data showed that CRT was downregulated in HDACis-resistant cells by comparing with HA22T parental cells. We previously elucidated the development of drug-resistance in HCC cells via activation of PP1-eIF2α pathway, but not via ER stress pathway. Here, we show that thapsigargin induced ER stress through mechanism other than ER stress downstream protein GRP78-PERK to regulate CRT expression in HDACis-R cells. Moreover, the expression level of CRT was not the main cause of apoptosis in HDACis-resistant cells. Mechanistic studies identified the apoptosis factors in the nucleus-the HDACis-mediated overexpression of CRT, CRT translocation to the cell nucleus, and reduced CaM/CaMKII/CREB pathway-that led to chemosensitivity in HDACis-R HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sheng Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, School of Medicine Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Sheng Chen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Li
- Center of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiang Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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24
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Wu S, Chen J, Liang Y, Luo Q, Tong Y, Xie L. Long Non-Coding RNA ZEB2-AS1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Regulating The miR-582-5p/FOXC1 Axis. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:285-293. [PMID: 35892230 PMCID: PMC9315215 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) feature prominently in tumors. Reportedly, lncRNA zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 antisense RNA 1 (ZEB2-AS1) is aberrantly expressed in a variety of tumors. The present study was aimed to explore ZEB2-AS1 functions and determine mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, expressions of ZEB2-AS1, microRNA (miR)-582-5p and forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) mRNA in HCC tissues and cell lines were detected via quantitative reveres transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After establishing gain- and loss-of-functions models, cell counting kit-8, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), Transwell assays and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to examine HCC cell multiplication, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. The targeted relationship between miR-582- 5p and ZEB2-AS1 was verified via dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot was utilized for detecting FOXC1 expression in HCC cells after selectively regulating ZEB2-AS1 and miR-582-5p. RESULTS In HCC tissues and cells, ZEB2-AS1 expression was increased. High ZEB2-AS1 expression was related to relatively large tumor volume, increased tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and positive lymph node metastasis of the patients. ZEB2-AS1 overexpression facilitated HCC cell multiplication, migration, invasion and suppressed apoptosis, while ZEB2-AS1 knock-down caused the opposite effects. It was also confirmed that ZEB2-AS1 could competitively bind with miR-582-5p to repress its expression, and indirectly up-regulate FOXC1 expression level in HCC cells. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that ZEB2-AS1 was over-expressed in HCC tissues and cells. It also upregulated (FOXC1), through sponging miR-582-5p, to promote HCC progression. This provides new perspectives for elucidating the pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wu
- Center for Clinical LaboratoryGeneral Hospital of The Yangtze River ShippingWuhan Brain HospitalWuhanHubeiChina
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25
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Mhone TG, Chen MC, Kuo CH, Shih TC, Yeh CM, Wang TF, Chen RJ, Chang YC, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Daidzein Synergizes with Gefitinib to Induce ROS/JNK/c-Jun Activation and Inhibit EGFR-STAT/AKT/ERK Pathways to enhance Lung Adenocarcinoma cells chemosensitivity. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:3636-3652. [PMID: 35813479 PMCID: PMC9254481 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.71870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer associated mortality. Mutations in EGFR have been implicated in lung cancer pathogenesis. Gefitinib (GF) is a RTKI (receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) first-choice drug for EGFR mutated advanced lung cancer. However, drug toxicity and cancer cell resistance lead to treatment failure. Consequently, new therapeutic strategies are urgently required. Therefore, this study was aimed at identifying tumor suppressive compounds that can synergistically improve Gefitinib chemosensitivity in the lung cancer treatment. Medicinal plants offer a vast platform for the development of novel anticancer agents. Daidzein (DZ) is an isoflavone compound extracted from soy plants and has been shown to possess many medicinal benefits. The anticancer potential of GF and DZ combination treatment was investigated using MTT, western blot, fluorescent microscopy imaging, flow cytometry and nude mice tumor xenograft techniques. Our results demonstrate that DZ synergistically induces c-Jun nuclear translocation through ROS/ASK1/JNK and downregulates EGFR-STAT/AKT/ERK pathways to activate apoptosis and a G0/G1 phase cell cycle blockade. In in-vivo, the combination treatment significantly suppressed A549 lung cancer cells tumor xenograft growth without noticeable toxicity. Daidzein supplements with current chemotherapeutic agents may well be an alternative strategy to improve the treatment efficacy of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gabriel Mhone
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Shih
- Department of Biomedical Imaging & Radiological Science College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine Tzu Chi University, 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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26
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Lin X, Wu W, Ying Y, Luo J, Xu X, Zheng L, Wu W, Yang S, Zhao S. MicroRNA-31: a pivotal oncogenic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:140. [PMID: 35351880 PMCID: PMC8964740 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) continuously constitutes a major challenge for treatment and prognosis due to approximately half of treated OSCC patients dying from locoregional recurrences and distant metastases. MicroRNA-31 (miR-31), an early mammalian miRNA identified, has been gaining importance in the field of OSCC research in recent years. This comprehensive review was conducted for the first time to summarize the current evidence on the association between miR-31 and OSCC. The vast majority of relevant studies (20/21, 95%) demonstrated that miR-31 was an oncogenic factor in the tumorigenesis and progression of OSCC. miR-31 expression is significantly upregulated in plasma, saliva, and tumor tissue of OSCC. miR-31 played an essential role in OSCC development by constituting a complex network with its targeted genes (e.g. RhoA, FIH, ACOX1, VEGF, SIRT3, LATS2, KANK1, and NUMB) and the signaling cascades (e.g. EGF-AKT signaling axis, ERK-MMP9 cascade, Hippo pathway, Wnt signaling, and MCT1/MCT4 regulatory cascade). This review highlights that miR-31 might function as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker for OSCC. Further studies are still warranted to better illuminate the clinicopathological features and the molecular mechanisms of miR-31-mediated OSCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weizhou Wu
- Department of Urology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yukang Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuhui Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linxia Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weili Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Suqing Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), 318000, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Liu C, Wu W, Chang W, Wu R, Sun X, Wu H, Liu Z. miR‑31‑5p‑ DMD axis as a novel biomarker for predicting the development and prognosis of sporadic early‑onset colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:157. [PMID: 35399328 PMCID: PMC8987937 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in young adults, but knowledge regarding the molecular features of sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer (SEOCRC) is limited. The objective of the present study was to investigate potential key tumorigenesis-associated genes and their regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) in SEOCRC. Using miRNA and mRNA expression screening of SEOCRC and sporadic late-onset colorectal cancer (SLOCRC) by next generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics, the SEOCRC-associated miRNAome and transcriptome were analyzed. In SEOCRC miRNA and mRNA expression profiles, the tumorigenesis-associated genes and their regulatory miRNAs were analyzed according to the miRTarBase database, and specific miRNA-mRNA pairs were selected as the candidate biomarkers in SEOCRC, which were further verified in another cohort of SEOCRC and SLOCRC patients' colon cancer and paracancerous tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the clinical relevance of these paired signatures to clinicopathological features was determined in 80 patients with SEOCRC. The expression of dystrophin (DMD) was downregulated and that of miR-31-5p was upregulated in SEOCRC tissue compared with adjacent peritumoral tissue. While DMD and miR-31-5p were not differentially expressed in SLOCRC tissues compared with that in adjacent peritumoral tissues. The miR-31-5p-DMD axis was identified as the key regulatory axis specific to SEOCRC, and DMD expression was closely associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Importantly, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with low DMD expression had significantly poorer overall survival, cancer specific survival and recurrence free survival compared with those with high expression of DMD. In conclusion, the miR-31-5p-DMD axis may serve as a novel biomarker in predicting the development of SEOCRC, and DMD can be used as a promising biomarker for the prognosis of SEOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Wenju Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ruijin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Huili Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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Cheng X, Sha M, Jiang W, Chen L, Song M. LINC00174 Suppresses Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression by Up-Regulating LATS2 via Sponging miR-31-5p. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:140-147. [PMID: 35451584 PMCID: PMC9035227 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.7991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is associated with the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 174 (LINC00174) in NSCLC. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, LINC00174 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Besides, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Transwell and Flow Cytometry assays were applied to detect the regulatory function of LINC00174 on the growth, migration and apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay predicted and verified the targeting relationship between LINC00174 and miR-31-5p, and between miR-31-5p and the 3´-untranslated region (3´UTR) of large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2), respectively. Western blotting was performed to detect the regulatory function of LINC00174 and miR-31-5p on LATS2 protein expression. Results Compared with that in normal lung tissues, LINC00174 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was reduced. LINC00174 expression was negatively associated with the TNM stage of the patients. Functional experiments showed that LINC00174 overexpression inhibited NSCLC cell multiplication and migration, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, LINC00174 targeted miR-31-5p and repressed its expression. Additionally, LINC00174 upregulated LATS2 expression through competitively binding to miR-31-5p. Conclusion LINC00174, as a competitive endogenous RNA, elevates LATS2 expression by adsorbing miR-31-5p, thereby inhibiting the viability and migration of NSCLC cells, and promoting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Cheng
- Department of Operation, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mali Sha
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjin Jiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Linjing Chen
- Department of Operation, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Meihua Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China,Department of Thoracic SurgeryYantai Yuhuangding HospitalQingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
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29
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Shibu MA, Lin YJ, Chiang CY, Lu CY, Goswami D, Sundhar N, Agarwal S, Islam MN, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Tsai WT, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Novel anti-aging herbal formulation Jing Si displays pleiotropic effects against aging associated disorders. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 146:112427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Lin HC, Paul CR, Kuo C, Chang Y, Chen WS, Ho T, Day C, Velmurugan BK, Tsai Y, Huang C. Glycyrrhiza uralensis
root extract ameliorates high glucose‐induced renal proximal tubular fibrosis by attenuating tubular epithelial‐myofibroblast transdifferentiation by targeting TGF‐β1/Smad/Stat3 pathway. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14041. [PMID: 35064587 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Reena Paul
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Hualien Taiwan
| | - Chia‐Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry University of Taipei Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yung‐Hsien Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - William Shao‐Tsu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry Tzu Chi General Hospital Hualien Taiwan
- School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Tsung‐Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine HualienTzu Chi Hospital Hualien Taiwan
- School of Post‑Baccalaure‑ate Chinese Medicine College of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
| | | | | | - Yuhsin Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Hualien Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
- Center of General Education Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology Hualien Taiwan
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31
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Moloudizargari M, Rahmani J, Asghari MH, Goel A. The prognostic role of miR-31 in colorectal cancer: the results of a meta-analysis of 4720 patients. Epigenomics 2021; 14:101-112. [PMID: 34894715 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To study the association between miR-31 expression and clinical outcomes in colorectal cancer. Methods: A systematic search was performed and 16 studies were found eligible. To calculate the combined hazard ratio (HR), the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used. Results: Pooled analysis revealed significant associations between high miR-31 expression and poor overall (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.47-0.97; I2: 68.6%) and progression-free survival (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.33-0.73; I2: 81.1%). High expressers were more likely to have a BRAF mutation. Therapeutic regimen and the mutational status significantly affected the observed associations. Conclusion: We identified that high miR-31 expression is associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival and has a significant predictive value for anti-EGFR response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
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Li C, Zhu Z, Hou Q, Wang B, Zou L, Liu L, Gong W, Guo H. Revealing potential immunotherapy targets through analysis of a ceRNA network in human colon adenocarcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:5319-5336. [PMID: 35116380 PMCID: PMC8799078 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is a special type of human colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) that responds well to immunotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are important members of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) networks, are involved in the tumorigenesis and development of MSI-H COAD. This study aimed to establish a ceRNA network for MSI in COAD to identify targets and prognostic markers that may explain the effects of immunotherapy. METHODS COAD sequencing data were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), after which differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs were determined according to microsatellite status. After building a network based on the ceRNA hypothesis, the relationships between microsatellite status and clinical features were explored. Biological processes in the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were analyzed for specific miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs. Survival analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers. RESULTS Based on the inclusion criteria, a total of 363 COAD samples were obtained from TCGA. Strict screening criteria were used to identify differentially expressed RNAs in the MSI-H and microsatellite-stable groups, with 82 miRNAs, 1,280 lncRNAs, and 2121 mRNAs obtained (fold change >2, false discovery rate <0.01). Based on the RNA interaction mechanism, a miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA network was constructed, through which a subnetwork composed of 5 miRNAs was discovered. hsa-miR-31-5p, hsa-miR-302a-3p, hsa-miR-302b-3p, hsa-miR-302d-3p, hsa-miR-3619-5p and the RNAs interaction with them have the potential to become novel targets to change the effect of existing immunotherapy. GO and KEGG analyses showed that these differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs may play key roles in tumorigenesis, tumor development, and drug efficacy, with natural killer cells potentially becoming the next emerging targets for immunotherapy enhancement. Moreover, survival analysis identified 10 lncRNAs as potential survival markers. CONCLUSIONS This study identified novel immunotherapy targets and revealed potential biomarkers for COAD according to microsatellite status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qingsheng Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bishi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Luguang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Weipeng Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hongliang Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Wang L, Zhou J, Zhang C, Chen R, Sun Q, Yang P, Peng C, Tan Y, Jin C, Wang T, Ji J, Sun Y. A novel tumour suppressor protein encoded by circMAPK14 inhibits progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer by competitively binding to MKK6. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e613. [PMID: 34709743 PMCID: PMC8516360 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is highly associated with the progression and metastasis of various solid tumours. MAPK14, a core molecule of the MAPK pathway, plays vital roles in the colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies have shown that circRNAs can affect tumour progression by encoding peptides. However, little is known regarding the potential protein translated from circMAPK14 and whether it plays a role in the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. METHODS The RNA level and translatable potential of circMAPK14 in CRC was verified using qRT-PCR and public databases. RNase R digestion assay, qRT-PCR, sanger sequencing and FISH assays were utilised to verify the circular characteristics and subcellular localisation of circMAPK14. The suppressive role of circMAPK14 on the progression and metastasis of CRC was verified in vivo and in vitro. LC/MS analysis combined with western blotting demonstrated the presence and relative expression of circMAPK14-175aa. The underlying mechanism of circMAPK14-175aa action to inhibit CRC was identified by co-IP analysis. The binding of U2AF2 within the flanking introns of circMAPK14 was evaluated by RNA pull-down assay and RIP assay. Ultimately, luciferase reporter gene assays and ChIP assays confirmed that FOXC1 suppressed transcription of U2AF2 by binding to the U2AF2 promoter in the -400 bp to -100 bp region. RESULTS: We identified that hsa_circ_0131663 (termed circMAPK14) showed significantly decreased expression level in cells and tissue samples of CRC, and was primarily localised in the cytoplasm. A series of function experiments demonstrated that circMAPK14 influenced CRC progression and metastasis by encoding a peptide of 175 amino acids (termed circMAPK14-175aa). We also found that circMAPK14-175aa reduced nuclear translocation of MAPK14 by competitively binding to MKK6, thus facilitating ubiquitin-mediated degradation of FOXC1. Moreover, we described a positive feedback loop in CRC in which elevated FOXC1 expression was caused by reduced circMAPK14-175aa expression. This, in turn, decreased circMAPK14 biogenesis by suppressing U2AF2 transcription. CONCLUSION In summary, we reported for the first time that circMAPK14 functioned as a tumour-suppressor by encoding circMAPK14-175aa, which blocked the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Ranran Chen
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Qingyang Sun
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Peng Yang
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Chaofan Peng
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Yuqian Tan
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Chi Jin
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Jiangzhou Ji
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Division of Colorectal SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuPR China
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Ray T, Ryusaki T, Ray PS. Therapeutically Targeting Cancers That Overexpress FOXC1: A Transcriptional Driver of Cell Plasticity, Partial EMT, and Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:721959. [PMID: 34540690 PMCID: PMC8446626 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.721959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for more than 90% of cancer related mortality, thus the most pressing need in the field of oncology today is the ability to accurately predict future onset of metastatic disease, ideally at the time of initial diagnosis. As opposed to current practice, what would be desirable is that prognostic, biomarker-based detection of metastatic propensity and heightened risk of cancer recurrence be performed long before overt metastasis has set in. Without such timely information it will be impossible to formulate a rational therapeutic treatment plan to favorably alter the trajectory of disease progression. In order to help inform rational selection of targeted therapeutics, any recurrence/metastasis risk prediction strategy must occur with the paired identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and their underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms that help drive cancer recurrence/metastasis (i.e. recurrence biomarkers). Traditional clinical factors alone (such as TNM staging criteria) are no longer adequately prognostic for this purpose in the current molecular era. FOXC1 is a pivotal transcription factor that has been functionally implicated to drive cancer metastasis and has been demonstrated to be an independent predictor of heightened metastatic risk, at the time of initial diagnosis. In this review, we present our viewpoints on the master regulatory role that FOXC1 plays in mediating cancer stem cell traits that include cellular plasticity, partial EMT, treatment resistance, cancer invasion and cancer migration during cancer progression and metastasis. We also highlight potential therapeutic strategies to target cancers that are, or have evolved to become, “transcriptionally addicted” to FOXC1. The potential role of FOXC1 expression status in predicting the efficacy of these identified therapeutic approaches merits evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Ray
- R&D Division, Onconostic Technologies (OT), Inc., Champaign, IL, United States
| | | | - Partha S Ray
- R&D Division, Onconostic Technologies (OT), Inc., Champaign, IL, United States
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Lu J, Cao LL, Xu Y, Huang XY, Cho SJ, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Li P, Zheng CH, Kim JW, Ryeom SW, Yoon SS, Yoon C, Huang CM. WITHDRAWN: FOXC1 modulates stem-like cell properties and chemoresistance through hedgehog and EMT signaling in gastric adenocarcinoma. Mol Ther 2021:S1525-0016(21)00464-0. [PMID: 34534693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China; Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Long-Long Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical, 35001 University, Fuzhou 35001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Soo-Jeong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 100-000, South Korea
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20541, USA
| | - Duane T Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20541, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do 100-000, South Korea
| | - Sandra W Ryeom
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19019, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Changhwan Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032.
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
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Xin C, Huang F, Wang J, Li J, Chen Q. Roles of circRNAs in cancer chemoresistance (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:225. [PMID: 34468007 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of endogenous, high‑stability, noncoding RNA. circRNAs exhibit various biological functions, and are involved in physiological and pathological processes occurring in various diseases, including cancers. They can not only act as microRNA and protein sponges, but also interact with proteins, translated peptides, and transcriptional and translational regulators, and compete with pre‑mRNA splicing. Chemotherapy is one of the most important types of cancer treatment. However, the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is a leading reason for the failure of chemotherapy. It has been reported that circRNAs play important roles in cancer resistance via a number of mechanisms. The functions of the circRNAs provide insight into their roles in chemoresistance pathways. In addition, some circRNAs may serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer resistance. Obtaining improved understanding of the molecular regulatory networks featuring circRNAs in tumors and searching for markers for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer resistance are leading issues in circRNA research. The present review introduced the functions of circRNAs, illustrated the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in cancer, described the contributions of circRNAs to this resistance and discussed the potential application of circRNAs in the treatment of drug‑resistant cancer. In particular, the review aimed to reveal the main mechanisms of circRNAs in cancer drug resistance, including mechanisms involving drug transport and metabolism, alterations of drug targets, DNA damage repair, downstream resistance mechanisms, adaptive responses and the tumor microenvironment. The findings may provide novel therapeutic targets for clinical treatment of cancer chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jiongke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Crudele F, Bianchi N, Astolfi A, Grassilli S, Brugnoli F, Terrazzan A, Bertagnolo V, Negrini M, Frassoldati A, Volinia S. The Molecular Networks of microRNAs and Their Targets in the Drug Resistance of Colon Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174355. [PMID: 34503164 PMCID: PMC8431668 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We systematically reviewed the recent scientific publications describing the role of microRNAs in the regulation of drug resistance in colon cancer. To clarify the intricate web of resulting genetic and biochemical interactions, we used a machine learning approach aimed at creating: (i) networks of validated miRNA/target interactions involved in drug resistances and (ii) drug-centric networks, from which we identified the major clusters of proteins affected by drugs used in the treatment of colon cancer. Finally, to facilitate a high-level interpretation of these molecular interactions, we determined the cellular pathways related with drug resistance and regulated by the miRNAs in colon cancer. Abstract Drug resistance is one of the major forces driving a poor prognosis during the treatment and progression of human colon carcinomas. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the diverse processes underlying drug resistance are still under debate. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subgroup of non-coding RNAs increasingly found to be associated with the regulation of tumorigenesis and drug resistance. We performed a systematic review of the articles concerning miRNAs and drug resistance in human colon cancer published from 2013 onwards in journals with an impact factor of 5 or higher. First, we built a network with the most studied miRNAs and targets (as nodes) while the drug resistance/s are indicated by the connections (edges); then, we discussed the most relevant miRNA/targets interactions regulated by drugs according to the network topology and statistics. Finally, we considered the drugs as nodes in the network, to allow an alternative point of view that could flow through the treatment options and the associated molecular pathways. A small number of microRNAs and proteins appeared as critically involved in the most common drugs used for the treatment of patients with colon cancer. In particular, the family of miR-200, miR34a, miR-155 and miR-17 appear as the most relevant microRNAs. Thus, regulating these miRNAs could be useful for interfering with some drug resistance mechanisms in colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Crudele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Frassoldati
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria St. Anna di Ferrara, Via A. Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.C.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (S.G.); (F.B.); (A.T.); (V.B.); (M.N.)
- Laboratory for Advanced Therapy Technologies (LTTA), Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Lin WY, Tsai BCK, Day CH, Chiu PL, Chen RJ, Chen MYC, Padma VV, Luk HN, Lee HC, Huang CY. Arecoline induces heart injure via Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic pathway in heart of Sprague-Dawley rat. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1567-1575. [PMID: 33929070 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Habitual chewing of areca nut increases the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality, but less report demonstrate the toxic mechanism of areca nut on heart. To investigate toxicity of areca nut on cardiomyocytes, we induced the heart injury with arecoline to evaluate the acute damage of areca nut on heart. Different concentrations of are coline (lowdosage: 5 mg/kg/day and high dosage 50 mg/kg/day) were injected into Sprague-Dawley rat via intra-peritoneal method for 21 days to create negative effects of arecoline on cardiomyocyte. Themyocardial architecture of the rat heart was observed. The arecoline-induced apoptotic proteins were analysed via western blotting. The myocardialarchitecture of heart was injured with arecoline and TUNEL stain was also shown are coline-induced cardiac apoptosis. Arecoline promoted the protein expression of both Fas dependent snd mitochondrial dependent apoptosis. In summary, arecoline induces cardiac toxicity and apoptosis by inducing both death receptor and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways on heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Lin
- The Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Hsiang-Ning Luk
- Department of Anesthesia, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chen Lee
- Department of Anesthesia, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Liu Q, Li S, Dupuy A, le Mai H, Sailliet N, Logé C, Robert JMH, Brouard S. Exosomes as New Biomarkers and Drug Delivery Tools for the Prevention and Treatment of Various Diseases: Current Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157763. [PMID: 34360530 PMCID: PMC8346134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles secreted by most cells that contain a variety of biological molecules, such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. They have been recognized as important mediators for long-distance cell-to-cell communication and are involved in a variety of biological processes. Exosomes have unique advantages, positioning them as highly effective drug delivery tools and providing a distinct means of delivering various therapeutic agents to target cells. In addition, as a new clinical diagnostic biomarker, exosomes play an important role in many aspects of human health and disease, including endocrinology, inflammation, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize the development of exosome-based drug delivery tools and the validation of novel biomarkers, and illustrate the role of exosomes as therapeutic targets in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (Q.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shiying Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (Q.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Amandine Dupuy
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.D.); (H.l.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Hoa le Mai
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.D.); (H.l.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Nicolas Sailliet
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.D.); (H.l.M.); (N.S.)
- Institut de Recherche en Santé 2, 22, Cibles et Médicaments du Cancer et de l’Immunité IICiMed-AE1155, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Université de Nantes, Boulevard Bénoni-Goullin, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Cédric Logé
- Institut de Recherche en Santé 2, 22, Cibles et Médicaments du Cancer et de l’Immunité IICiMed-AE1155, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Université de Nantes, Boulevard Bénoni-Goullin, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - J.-Michel H. Robert
- Institut de Recherche en Santé 2, 22, Cibles et Médicaments du Cancer et de l’Immunité IICiMed-AE1155, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Université de Nantes, Boulevard Bénoni-Goullin, F-44000 Nantes, France;
- Correspondence: (J.-M.H.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Inserm, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.D.); (H.l.M.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.-M.H.R.); (S.B.)
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40
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Son SW, Yun BD, Song MG, Lee JK, Choi SY, Kuh HJ, Park JK. The Hypoxia-Long Noncoding RNA Interaction in Solid Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147261. [PMID: 34298879 PMCID: PMC8307739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the representative microenvironment features in cancer and is considered to be associated with the dismal prognosis of patients. Hypoxia-driven cellular pathways are largely regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and notably exert influence on the hallmarks of cancer, such as stemness, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and the resistance towards apoptotic cell death and therapeutic resistance; therefore, hypoxia has been considered as a potential hurdle for cancer therapy. Growing evidence has demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in cancer and take part in gene regulatory networks owing to their various modes of action through interacting with proteins and microRNAs. In this review, we focus attention on the relationship between hypoxia/HIFs and lncRNAs, in company with the possibility of lncRNAs as candidate molecules for controlling cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wan Son
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (S.W.S.); (B.D.Y.); (M.G.S.); (J.K.L.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Ba Da Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (S.W.S.); (B.D.Y.); (M.G.S.); (J.K.L.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Mun Gyu Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (S.W.S.); (B.D.Y.); (M.G.S.); (J.K.L.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Jin Kyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (S.W.S.); (B.D.Y.); (M.G.S.); (J.K.L.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (S.W.S.); (B.D.Y.); (M.G.S.); (J.K.L.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Hyo Jeong Kuh
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (S.W.S.); (B.D.Y.); (M.G.S.); (J.K.L.); (S.Y.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2114
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miR-5000-3p confers oxaliplatin resistance by targeting ubiquitin-specific peptidase 49 in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:129. [PMID: 34075026 PMCID: PMC8169888 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common form of gastrointestinal malignancies. A growing number of reports focusing on oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance in CRC treatment have revealed that drug resistance is an urgent issue in clinical applications, especially for finding effective therapeutic targets. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to play a critical role in tumor progressions and multi-drug resistance. The main aim of this study is to establish whether miR-5000-3p is an oncogene that is resistant to OXA and further confirm its underlying regulatory role in CRC. The OXA-associated gene expression dataset in CRC cells was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Statistical software R was used for significance analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OXA-resistant (OR)-CRC cells and CRC cells, and results indicated ubiquitin-specific peptidase 49 (USP49) was upregulated in OR-CRC cells. Luciferase reporter assay showed that USP49 was verified to act as a downstream target gene of miR-5000-3p. From the results of TCGA database, miR-5000-3p expression was upregulated and USP49 was downregulated in patients with CRC. The function of miR-5000-3p was detected using MTT assay, wound healing, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays. Moreover, through in vitro and in vivo experiments, miR-5000-3p expression was confirmed to be upregulated in CRC cells or OR-CRC cells comparing to normal cell lines. Molecular mechanism assays revealed that USP49 binds to the miR-5000-3p promoter to increase the expression of miR-5000-3p, resulting in cancer cells sensitized to OXA. To sum up, these results suggest that miR-5000-3p may be a novel biomarker involved in drug-resistance progression of CRC. Moreover, the drug-resistance mechanism of miR-5000-3p/USP49 axis provides new treatment strategies for CRC in clinical trials.
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Jiang J, Li J, Yao W, Wang W, Shi B, Yuan F, Dong J, Zhang H. FOXC1 Negatively Regulates DKK1 Expression to Promote Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Activation of Wnt Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662624. [PMID: 33987183 PMCID: PMC8111291 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), characterized by uncontrolled growth, is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system. The Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and proliferation of GC. Many studies on this signaling pathway have focused on its intracellular regulatory mechanism, whereas little attention has been given to extracellular regulatory factors. Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) is a secretory glycoprotein, and it can bind inhibit activation of the Wnt pathway. However, the regulation and mechanism of DKK1 in the proliferation of GC remain unclear. FOXC1 plays an important role in organ development and tumor growth, but its role in GC tumor growth remains unknown. In this study, we found that the FOXC1 is highly expressed in patients with GC and high expression of FOXC1 correlates to poor prognosis. In addition, we found that the Wnt signaling pathway in GC cells with high FOXC1 expression was strongly activated. FOXC1 negatively regulates DKK1 expression by binding to its promoter region, thereby promoting the activation of Wnt pathway. FOXC1 can also form a complex with unphosphorylated β-catenin protein in the cytoplasm and then dissociates from β-catenin in the nucleus, thereby promoting the entry of β-catenin into the nucleus and regulating expression of c-MYC, which promotes the proliferation of GC cells. Our study not only reveals the function and mechanism of FOXC1 in GC, but also provides a potential target for clinic GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwu Yao
- Department of Radiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Shi
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyan Dong
- Department of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen HA, Li CC, Lin YJ, Wang TF, Chen MC, Su YH, Yeh YL, Padma VV, Liao PH, Huang CY. Hsa-miR-107 regulates chemosensitivity and inhibits tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12046-12057. [PMID: 33901009 PMCID: PMC8109096 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common type of liver cancer. Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is a major problem in cancer therapy. MicroRNAs have been reported in cancer development and tumor growth; however, the relationship between chemoresistance and hepatocellular carcinoma needs to be fully investigated. Here, we treated hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HA22T) with a histone deacetylase inhibitor to establish hepatocellular carcinoma-resistant cells (HDACi-R) and investigated the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance in HCC cells. Although histone deacetylase inhibitor could not enhance cell death in HDACi-R but upregulation of miR-107 decreased cell viability both in parental cells and resistance cells, decreased the expression of cofilin-1, enhanced ROS-induced cell apoptosis, and dose-dependently sensitized HDACi-R to HDACi. Further, miR-107 upregulation resulted in tumor cell disorganization in both HA22T and HDACi-R in a mice xenograft model. Our findings demonstrated that miR-107 downregulation leads to hepatocellular carcinoma cell resistance in HDACi via a cofilin-1-dependent molecular mechanism and ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 250, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 250, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 250, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Li
- Center of Stem Cell & Precision Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hao Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 250, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 250, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 250, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 356, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
| | - Po-Hsiang Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan.,Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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Li C, Qin Y, Ouyang T, Yao M, Zhang A, Luo P, Pan X. miR-122-5p Mediates Fluoride-Induced Osteoblast Activation by Targeting CDK4. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1215-1227. [PMID: 32572801 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02239-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic intake of fluoride, existing in the environment, may cause endemic fluorosis, which is characterized by the occurrence of skeletal and dental fluorosis. However, the pathogenesis of fluorosis has not yet been elucidated. Abnormal osteoblast proliferation and activation have a pivotal role in bone turnover disorders which are linked to skeletal fluorosis. MicroRNAs are involved in fundamental cellular processes, including cell proliferation. Based on our previous study, population study and in vitro experiments were designed to understand the effect of miR-122-5p on osteoblast activation in skeletal fluorosis through targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). In human populations with coal-burning type fluoride exposure, the results showed that miR-122-5p was downregulated but CDK4 expression was upregulated and miR-122-5p was negatively correlated with CDK4 expression. Furthermore, in human osteoblasts treated with sodium fluoride, we demonstrated that miR-122-5p mediated osteoblast activation of skeletal fluorosis via upregulation of the CDK4 protein. In support of this, dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-122-5p modulated CDK4 protein levels by targeting its 3'-untranslated region. These findings show, for the first time, that miR-122-5p may be involved in the cause and development of skeletal fluorosis by targeting CDK4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, 550007, China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Maolin Yao
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xueli Pan
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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45
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Gao X, Jiang Y, Li Y. Inhibitory effect of miR-140-5p on doxorubicin resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:507. [PMID: 33791016 PMCID: PMC8005744 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-140-5p in doxorubicin (DOX) sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma, miR-140-5p and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) expression was first evaluated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues using starBase. Next, in vitro experiments were performed. Cell line expression of miR-140-5p and PIN1 expression was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability and proliferation were determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 and EdU assays. The relationship between miR-140-5p and PIN1 was evaluated by TargetScan and a luciferase reporter system. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of PIN1. It was observed that miR-140-5p was downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines compared with normal samples in HCC or normal liver cells. Gain-of-function experiments revealed that miR-140-5p mimics were able to enhance DOX sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Further studies revealed that PIN1 was a target gene of miR-140-5p. Suppression of PIN1 led to higher DOX sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Finally, when comparing a PIN1-siRNA alone group and a PIN1-siRNA plus miR-140-5p inhibitor group, there was no significant difference in cell viability. Furthermore, miR-140-5p mimics did not reduce the sensitivity of PIN1mut plasmid to DOX in HUH7 and SNU449 cells. The present study demonstrated that miR-140-5p could enhance DOX sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting PIN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
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46
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Emerging roles of dehydrogenase/reductase member 2 (DHRS2) in the pathology of disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 898:173972. [PMID: 33652058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrogenase/reductase member 2 (DHRS2) belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family. It was initially isolated from the nuclear extract of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and was identified as a specific cell cycle regulator. DHRS2 is a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent carbonyl reductase and catalyzes the reduction of dicarbonyl compounds. It is also functionally active in lipid metabolism and acts as a metabolic enzyme of hormones. Recent studies have shown that DHRS2 reprograms lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis to regulate proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance of cancer cells. Here, we describe the structure, organelle localization and function of DHRS2, and also highlight its roles in the pathologic progression of diseases.
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47
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Drug Resistance and Novel Therapies in Cancers in 2019. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040924. [PMID: 33672119 PMCID: PMC7926476 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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48
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Angius A, Scanu AM, Arru C, Muroni MR, Rallo V, Deiana G, Ninniri MC, Carru C, Porcu A, Pira G, Uva P, Cossu-Rocca P, De Miglio MR. Portrait of Cancer Stem Cells on Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Biomarkers, Signaling Pathways and miRNAome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1603. [PMID: 33562604 PMCID: PMC7915330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and about 20% is metastatic at diagnosis and untreatable. Increasing evidence suggests that the heterogeneous nature of CRC is related to colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs), a small cells population with stemness behaviors and responsible for tumor progression, recurrence, and therapy resistance. Growing knowledge of stem cells (SCs) biology has rapidly improved uncovering the molecular mechanisms and possible crosstalk/feedback loops between signaling pathways that directly influence intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis. The generation of CCSCs is probably connected to genetic changes in members of signaling pathways, which control self-renewal and pluripotency in SCs and then establish function and phenotype of CCSCs. Particularly, various deregulated CCSC-related miRNAs have been reported to modulate stemness features, controlling CCSCs functions such as regulation of cell cycle genes expression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasization, and drug-resistance mechanisms. Primarily, CCSC-related miRNAs work by regulating mainly signal pathways known to be involved in CCSCs biology. This review intends to summarize the epigenetic findings linked to miRNAome in the maintenance and regulation of CCSCs, including their relationships with different signaling pathways, which should help to identify specific diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers for CRC, but also develop innovative CCSCs-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angius
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Antonio Mario Scanu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
| | - Caterina Arru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Muroni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
| | - Vincenzo Rallo
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Giulia Deiana
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
| | - Maria Chiara Ninniri
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Alberto Porcu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
| | - Giovanna Pira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Paolo Uva
- IRCCS G. Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Cossu-Rocca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
- Department of Diagnostic Services, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASSL Olbia-ATS Sardegna, 07026 Olbia, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.M.); (G.D.); (M.C.N.); (A.P.); (P.C.-R.)
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Koay KP, Tsai BCK, Kuo CH, Kuo WW, Luk HN, Day CH, Chen RJ, Chen MYC, Padma VV, Huang CY. Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiac Damage Is Alleviated by Heat-Inactivated Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 via Activation of the IGF1R Survival Pathway. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1044-1053. [PMID: 33527184 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is one of the major causes of mortality in patients with diabetes. Numerous studies have indicated the beneficial effects of Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263. However, the protective effect of Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 in cardiac damage associated with diabetes remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 on cardiomyocytes in diabetic rats. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were categorized into normal control group, diabetes group (55 mg/kgw STZ-induced diabetes via intraperitoneal injection), and diabetic animals treated with Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 (109 CFU/rat/day, oral administration for 4 weeks). The results were presented that oral administration of a high dose of Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 in diabetic rats activated IGF1R cell survival pathways to decrease the Fas-dependent and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways induced by hyperglycemia. We found that GMNL-263 significantly attenuated cell apoptosis via the IGF1R survival pathway in diabetic rats. The findings of this study suggest that GMNL-263 treatment maybe an effective therapeutic approach for the prevention of cardiac apoptosis in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker-Ping Koay
- Department of Anesthesia, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ning Luk
- Department of Anesthesia, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Center of General Education, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Hsu WC, Ramesh S, Shibu MA, Chen MC, Wang TF, Day CH, Chen RJ, Padma VV, Li CC, Tseng YC, Huang CY. Platycodin D reverses histone deacetylase inhibitor resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by repressing ERK1/2-mediated cofilin-1 phosphorylation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:153442. [PMID: 33412494 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoresistance remains the main obstacle in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. Despite significant advances in HCC therapy, HCC still has a poor prognosis. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify a treatment target to reverse HCC chemotherapy resistance. Platycodon grandiflorus (PG) is a perennial herb that has been used as food and traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years in Northeast Asia. Platycodin D (PD), a main active triterpenoid saponin found in the root of PG, has been reported to possess anticancer properties in several cancer cell lines, including HCC; however, the reversal effect of this molecule on HCC chemoresistance remains largely unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the role and the mechanism of PD-mediated reversal of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) resistance in HCC cells. METHODS Human HCC cells (HA22T) and HDACi-resistant (HDACi-R) cells were used. Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Combination index was used to calculate the synergism potential. Expression of ERK1/2 (total/phospho), cofilin-1 (total/phospho) and apoptosis-related protein was determined using western blotting. Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using the JC-1 (5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide) probe. Apoptosis was detected using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation was measured using the MitoSOX Red fluorescent probe. RESULTS We found that PD treatment inhibited cell viability both in HA22T HCC and HDACi-R cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by PD98059 could reverse drug resistance in HDACi-R cells treated with PD98059 and PD. Nevertheless, pre-treatment with U46619, an ERK1/2 activator, rescued PD-induced apoptosis by decreasing levels of apoptosis-related proteins in HCC cells. The combined treatment of PD with apicidin a powerful HDACi, dramatically enhanced the apoptotic effect in HDACi-R cells. CONCLUSION For the first time, we showed that PD reversed HDACi resistance in HCC by repressing ERK1/2-mediated cofilin-1 phosphorylation. Thus, PD can potentially be a treatment target to reverse HCC chemotherapy resistance in future therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chung Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Samiraj Ramesh
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 614 904, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | | | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chi-Cheng Li
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 701, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; Center of Stem Cell & Precision Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Center of Stem Cell & Precision Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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