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Dar OI, Vinothkanna A, Aslam B, Furkh A, Sharma S, Kaur A, Gao YA, Jia AQ. Dynamic alterations in physiological and biochemical indicators of Cirrhinus mrigala hatchlings: A sublethal exposure of triclosan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171701. [PMID: 38490412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), a biocide used in various day-to-day products, has been associated with several toxic effects in aquatic organisms. In the present study, biochemical and hematological alterations were evaluated after 14 d (sublethal) exposure of tap water (control), acetone (solvent control), 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/L (environmentally relevant concentrations) TCS to the embryos/hatchlings of Cirrhinus mrigala, a major freshwater carp distributed in tropic and sub-tropical areas of Asia. A concentration-dependent increase in the content of urea and protein carbonyl, while a decrease in the total protein, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and bilirubin was observed after the exposure. Hematological analysis revealed a decrease in the total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and partial pressure of oxygen, while there was an increase in the total leucocyte count, carbon dioxide, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide and serum electrolytes. Comet assay demonstrates a concentration-dependent increase in tail length, tail moment, olive tail moment, and percent tail DNA. An amino acid analyzer showed a TCS-dose-dependent increase in various amino acids. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed different proteins ranging from 6.5 to 200 kDa, demonstrating TCS-induced upregulation. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis exhibited a decline in peak area percents with an increase in the concentration of TCS in water. Curve fitting of amide I (1,700-1600 cm-1) showed a decline in α-helix and turns and an increase in β-sheets. Nuclear magnetic resonance study also revealed concentration-dependent alterations in the metabolites after 14 d exposure. TCS caused alterations in the biomolecules and heamatological parameters of fish, raising the possibility that small amounts of TCS may change the species richness in natural aquatic habitats. In addition, consuming TCS-contaminated fish may have detrimental effects on human health. Consequently, there is a need for the proper utilisation and disposal of this hazardous compound in legitimate quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owias Iqbal Dar
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Annadurai Vinothkanna
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bisma Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Arajmand Furkh
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Aquatic Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Arvinder Kaur
- Aquatic Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Yan-An Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China.
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2
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Vora PM, Prabhu S. Exploring the influence of microgravity on chemotherapeutic drug response in cancer: Unveiling new perspectives. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18347. [PMID: 38693857 PMCID: PMC11063729 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microgravity, an altered gravity condition prevailing in space, has been reported to have a profound impact on human health. Researchers are very keen to comprehensively investigate the impact of microgravity and its intricate involvement in inducing physiological changes. Evidenced transformations were observed in the internal architecture including cytoskeletal organization and cell membrane morphology. These alterations can significantly influence cellular function, signalling pathways and overall cellular behaviour. Further, microgravity has been reported to alter in the expression profile of genes and metabolic pathways related to cellular processes, signalling cascades and structural proteins in cancer cells contributing to the overall changes in the cellular architecture. To investigate the effect of microgravity on cellular and molecular levels numerous ground-based simulation systems employing both in vitro and in vivo models are used. Recently, researchers have explored the possibility of leveraging microgravity to potentially modulate cancer cells against chemotherapy. These findings hold promise for both understanding fundamental processes and could potentially lead to the development of more effective, personalized and innovative approaches in therapeutic advancements against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preksha Manish Vora
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalIndia
| | - Sudharshan Prabhu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalIndia
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3
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Sousa-Squiavinato ACM, Morgado-Díaz JA. A glimpse into cofilin-1 role in cancer therapy: A potential target to improve clinical outcomes? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189087. [PMID: 38395237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Cofilin-1 (CFL1) modulates dynamic actin networks by severing and enhancing depolymerization. The upregulation of cofilin-1 expression in several cancer types is associated with tumor progression and metastasis. However, recent discoveries indicated relevant cofilin-1 functions under oxidative stress conditions, interplaying with mitochondrial dynamics, and apoptosis networks. In this scenario, these emerging roles might impact the response to clinical therapy and could be used to enhance treatment efficacy. Here, we highlight new perspectives of cofilin-1 in the therapy resistance context and discussed how cofilin-1 is involved in these events, exploring aspects of its contribution to therapeutic resistance. We also provide an analysis of CFL1 expression in several tumors predicting survival. Therefore, understanding how exactly coflin-1 plays, particularly in therapy resistance, may pave the way to the development of treatment strategies and improvement of patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Andrés Morgado-Díaz
- Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Szymański M, Bonowicz K, Antosik P, Jerka D, Głowacka M, Soroka M, Steinbrink K, Kleszczyński K, Gagat M. Role of Cyclins and Cytoskeletal Proteins in Endometriosis: Insights into Pathophysiology. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:836. [PMID: 38398227 PMCID: PMC10886501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a gynecological condition where endometrium-like tissue grows outside the uterus, posing challenges in understanding and treatment. This article delves into the deep cellular and molecular processes underlying endometriosis, with a focus on the crucial roles played by cyclins and cytoskeletal proteins in its pathogenesis, particularly in the context of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). The investigation begins by examining the activities of cyclins, elucidating their diverse biological roles such as cell cycle control, proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, and angiogenesis among ectopic endometrial cells. A comprehensive analysis of cytoskeletal proteins follows, emphasizing their fundamental biological roles and their specific significance to endometriotic cell features. This review sheds light on the interconnected pathways through which cyclins and cytoskeletal proteins converge, contributing to the genesis and progression of endometriosis. Understanding these molecular complexities not only provides insight into the underlying causes of the disease but also holds promise for the development of specific therapeutic approaches, ushering in a new era in the management of this devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szymański
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.S.); (K.B.); (D.J.)
| | - Klaudia Bonowicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.S.); (K.B.); (D.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Płock, 08-110 Płock, Poland; (M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Paulina Antosik
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Dominika Jerka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.S.); (K.B.); (D.J.)
| | - Mariola Głowacka
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Płock, 08-110 Płock, Poland; (M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Soroka
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Płock, 08-110 Płock, Poland; (M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Konrad Kleszczyński
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.S.); (K.B.); (D.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Płock, 08-110 Płock, Poland; (M.G.); (M.S.)
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El-Tanani M, Nsairat H, Matalka II, Lee YF, Rizzo M, Aljabali AA, Mishra V, Mishra Y, Hromić-Jahjefendić A, Tambuwala MM. The impact of the BCR-ABL oncogene in the pathology and treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155161. [PMID: 38280275 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is characterized by chromosomal aberrations involving the fusion of the BCR and ABL genes on chromosome 22, resulting from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This fusion gives rise to the oncogenic BCR-ABL, an aberrant tyrosine kinase identified as Abl protein. The Abl protein intricately regulates the cell cycle by phosphorylating protein tyrosine residues through diverse signaling pathways. In CML, the BCR-ABL fusion protein disrupts the first exon of Abl, leading to sustained activation of tyrosine kinase and resistance to deactivation mechanisms. Pharmacological interventions, such as imatinib, effectively target BCR-ABL's tyrosine kinase activity by binding near the active site, disrupting ATP binding, and inhibiting downstream protein phosphorylation. Nevertheless, the emergence of resistance, often attributed to cap structure mutations, poses a challenge to imatinib efficacy. Current research endeavours are directed towards overcoming resistance and investigating innovative therapeutic strategies. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the structural attributes of BCR-ABL, emphasizing its pivotal role as a biomarker and therapeutic target in CML. It underscores the imperative for ongoing research to refine treatment modalities and enhance overall outcomes in managing CML.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Genes, abl
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Benzamides/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
| | - Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Ismail I Matalka
- Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Yin Fai Lee
- Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Childcare, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka cesta 15, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates; Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
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6
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Chakrabarti A, Bansal R, Mondal A, Upadhyay P, Gupta A, Verma P, Garg S, Pati S, Singh S. Epithelial homelessness: an atypical form of anoikis triggered by Leishmania interaction with epithelial cells. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:33-49. [PMID: 37830931 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Leishmaniasis is characterized by a spectrum of diseases with two main clinical forms, cutaneous and visceral, caused by Leishmania tropica and Leishmania donovani, respectively. Studying Leishmania's interaction with the epithelial barrier at the initial site of a bite is crucial to understanding the establishment of the disease. Materials & methods: To discern parasite-host epithelial interaction, we developed in vitro cellular models involving co-cultures of Leishmania and MDCK epithelial cells. Results: Both L. donovani-MDCK and L. tropica-MDCK co-culture models demonstrated a phenomenon known as atypical anoikis apoptosis, typically identified by distinctive 'flipping in' of cell membranes and disordered cytoskeletal frameworks. Conclusion: This study bridges the gap in the fundamental understanding of the intricate latticework involving vector-Leishmania-host and may inform drug development strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chakrabarti
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Ruby Bansal
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Abir Mondal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Prince Upadhyay
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Aashima Gupta
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pritee Verma
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Swati Garg
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Soumya Pati
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Center for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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7
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Deng H, Shu X, Wang Y, Zhang J, Yin Y, Wu F, He J. Matrix Stiffness Regulated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-mediated Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma Cell through Ras Signal Cascades. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:839-850. [PMID: 37789235 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The modulating effects of matrix stiffness on spreading and apoptosis of tumor cells have been well recognized. Nevertheless, the detail road map leading to the apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms governing the cell apoptosis have remained to be elucidated. To this aim, we provided a tunable elastic hydrogel matrix that promoted cell adhesion by modifying the surface of polyacrylamide with polydopamine, with stiffness value of 1, 10, 30, and 250 kPa, respectively. While the cell spreading increased and the apoptosis decreased with the matrix stiffness, such modulating effect of matrix on cell spreading exhibited different time evolvement behaviors as a function of stiffness, which likely led to surprisingly similar apoptosis rates for the 30 kPa and 250 kPa samples. Matrix stiffness mediated the spreading and apoptosis of MG-63 cells by regulating cell adhesion to matrix and in particular cytoskeletal organization, which was dependent on Ras, Rap1 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and finally led to the apoptosis of cancer cells dominated by endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Our results provided an insight into the regulation of tumor cell fate by the mechanical clues of ECM, which would have implication for future cancer research and the design of novel anticancer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Deng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Xuedong Shu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Yue Yin
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Fang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Jing He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China.
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8
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Zhao D, Meng Y, Dian Y, Zhou Q, Sun Y, Le J, Zeng F, Chen X, He Y, Deng G. Molecular landmarks of tumor disulfidptosis across cancer types to promote disulfidptosis-target therapy. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102966. [PMID: 38035663 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mystery about the mechanistic basis of disulfidptosis has recently been unraveled and shows promise as an effective treatment modality for triggering cancer cell death. However, the limited understanding of the role of disulfidptosis in tumor progression and drug sensitivity has hindered the development of disulfidptosis-targeted therapy and combinations with other therapeutic strategies. Here, we established a disulfidptosis signature model to estimate tumor disulfidptosis status in approximately 10,000 tumor samples across 33 cancer types and revealed its prognostic value. Then, we characterized disulfidptosis-associated molecular features and identified various types of molecular alterations that correlate with both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive responses to anti-tumor drugs. We further showed the vast heterogeneity in disulfidptosis status among 760 cancer cell lines across 25 cancer types. We experimentally validated that disulfidptosis score-high cell lines are more susceptible to glucose starvation-induced disulfidptosis compared to their counterparts with low scores. Finally, we investigated the impact of disulfidptosis status on drug response and revealed that disulfidptosis induction may enhance sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs, but in some cases, it could also lead to drug resistance in cultured cells. Overall, our multi-omics analysis firstly elucidates a comprehensive profile of disulfidptosis-related molecular alterations, prognosis, and potential therapeutic therapies at a pan-cancer level. These findings may uncover opportunities to utilize multiple drug sensitivities induced by disulfidptosis, thereby offering practical implications for clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deze Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yating Dian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yuming Sun
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiayuan Le
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Furong Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Yi He
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Guangtong Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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9
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Mumme H, Thomas BE, Bhasin SS, Krishnan U, Dwivedi B, Perumalla P, Sarkar D, Ulukaya GB, Sabnis HS, Park SI, DeRyckere D, Raikar SS, Pauly M, Summers RJ, Castellino SM, Wechsler DS, Porter CC, Graham DK, Bhasin M. Single-cell analysis reveals altered tumor microenvironments of relapse- and remission-associated pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6209. [PMID: 37798266 PMCID: PMC10556066 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) microenvironment exhibits cellular and molecular differences among various subtypes. Here, we utilize single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze pediatric AML bone marrow (BM) samples from diagnosis (Dx), end of induction (EOI), and relapse timepoints. Analysis of Dx, EOI scRNA-seq, and TARGET AML RNA-seq datasets reveals an AML blasts-associated 7-gene signature (CLEC11A, PRAME, AZU1, NREP, ARMH1, C1QBP, TRH), which we validate on independent datasets. The analysis reveals distinct clusters of Dx relapse- and continuous complete remission (CCR)-associated AML-blasts with differential expression of genes associated with survival. At Dx, relapse-associated samples have more exhausted T cells while CCR-associated samples have more inflammatory M1 macrophages. Post-therapy EOI residual blasts overexpress fatty acid oxidation, tumor growth, and stemness genes. Also, a post-therapy T-cell cluster associated with relapse samples exhibits downregulation of MHC Class I and T-cell regulatory genes. Altogether, this study deeply characterizes pediatric AML relapse- and CCR-associated samples to provide insights into the BM microenvironment landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Mumme
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Beena E Thomas
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Swati S Bhasin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Upaasana Krishnan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bhakti Dwivedi
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pruthvi Perumalla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Debasree Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gulay B Ulukaya
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Himalee S Sabnis
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sunita I Park
- Department of Pathology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Deborah DeRyckere
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sunil S Raikar
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melinda Pauly
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ryan J Summers
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sharon M Castellino
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel S Wechsler
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher C Porter
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Douglas K Graham
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Pietkiewicz D, Zaborowski MP, Jaz K, Matuszewska E, Światły-Błaszkiewicz A, Kluz T, Kokot ZJ, Nowak-Markwitz E, Matysiak J. Serum Proteomic Profiles of Patients with High and Low Risk of Endometrial Cancer Recurrence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14528. [PMID: 37833976 PMCID: PMC10572223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer worldwide. Classifying endometrial cancer into low- or high-risk groups based on the following features is recommended: tumor grade, lymphovascular space invasion, myometrial involvement, and non-endometrioid histology. Despite the recent progress in molecular profiling of endometrial cancer, a substantial group of patients are misclassified based on the current criteria. This study aimed to identify proteins that could be used as biomarkers for the stratification of endometrial cancer patients into low- or high-risk groups. The proteomic analysis of serum samples from endometrial cancer patients was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The data were then analyzed using chemometric algorithms to identify potential biomarkers. Nineteen precursor ions were identified as fragments of eighteen proteins which included (1) connective tissue matrix proteins, (2) cytoskeletal proteins, and (3) innate immune system molecules and stress proteins. These biomarkers could be used to stratify the high- and low-risk patients, thus enabling more precise treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Pietkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (E.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Mikołaj Piotr Zaborowski
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.Z.); (K.J.); (E.N.-M.)
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zygmunta Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Jaz
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.Z.); (K.J.); (E.N.-M.)
| | - Eliza Matuszewska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (E.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Agata Światły-Błaszkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynaecology, Gynaecologic Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Zenon J. Kokot
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 13 Kaszubska Street, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Nowak-Markwitz
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (M.P.Z.); (K.J.); (E.N.-M.)
| | - Jan Matysiak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (E.M.); (J.M.)
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11
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Alkahtani S, Alkahtane AA, Stournaras C, Alarifi S. Chorein sensitive microtubule organization in tumor cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16074. [PMID: 37744224 PMCID: PMC10517657 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to analyzed the involvement of chorein in microtubules organization of three types of malignant; rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells (ZF), rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RH30), and rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD). ZF are expressing high chorein levels. Previous studies revealed that chorein protein silencing in ZF tumor cells persuaded apoptotic response followed by cell death. In addition, in numerous malignant and non-malignant cells this protein regulates actin cytoskeleton structure and cellular signaling. However, the function of chorein protein in microtubular organization is yet to be established. Methods In a current research study, we analyzed the involvement of chorein in microtubules organization by using three types of malignant rhabdomyosarcoma cells. We have applied confocal laser-scanning microscopy to analyze microtubules structure and RT-PCR to examine cytoskeletal gene transcription. Results We report here that in rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RH30), chorein silencing induced disarrangement of microtubular network. This was documented by laser scanning microscopy and further quantified by FACS analysis. Interestingly and in agreement with previous reports, tubulin gene transcription in RH cells was unchanged upon silencing of chorein protein. Equally, confocal analysis showed minor disordered microtubules organization with evidently weakened staining in rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD and ZF) after silencing of chorein protein. Conclusion These results disclose that chorein silencing induces considerable structural disorganization of tubulin network in RH30 human rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells. Additional studies are now needed to establish the role of chorein in regulating cytoskeleton architecture in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alkahtane
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christos Stournaras
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Wahab R, Hasan MM, Azam Z, Grippo PJ, Al-Hilal TA. The role of coagulome in the tumor immune microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115027. [PMID: 37517779 PMCID: PMC11099942 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The rising incidence and persistent thrombosis in multiple cancers including those that are immunosuppressive highlight the need for understanding the tumor coagulome system and its role beyond hemostatic complications. Immunotherapy has shown significant benefits in solid organ tumors but has been disappointing in the treatment of hypercoagulable cancers, such as glioblastoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Thus, targeting thrombosis to prevent immunosuppression seems a clinically viable approach in cancer treatment. Hypercoagulable tumors often develop fibrin clots within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that dictates the biophysical characteristics of the tumor tissue. The application of systems biology and single-cell approaches highlight the potential role of coagulome or thrombocytosis in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). In-depth knowledge of the tumor coagulome would provide unprecedented opportunities to better predict the hemostatic complications, explore how thrombotic stroma modulates tumor immunity, reexamine the significance of clinical biomarkers, and enable steering the stromal versus systemic immune response for boosting the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment. We focus on the role of coagulation factors in priming a suppressive TIME and the huge potential of existing anticoagulant drugs in the clinical settings of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riajul Wahab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md Mahedi Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Science, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Zulfikar Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Paul J Grippo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Taslim A Al-Hilal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Science, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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13
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Kulus J, Kranc W, Kulus M, Dzięgiel P, Bukowska D, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Antosik P. Expression of genes regulating cell division in porcine follicular granulosa cells. Cell Div 2023; 18:12. [PMID: 37550786 PMCID: PMC10408085 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell cycle regulation influences the proliferation of granulosa cells and affects many processes related to ovarian folliclular growth and ovulation. Abnormal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to many diseases within the ovary. The aim of this study was to describe the expression profile of genes within granulosa cells, which are related to the formation of the cytoskeleton, organization of cell organelles inside the cell, and regulation of cell division. Established in vitro primary cultures from porcine ovarian follicle granulosa cells were maintained for 48, 96, 144 h and evaluated via microarray expression analysis. RESULTS Analyzed genes were assigned to 12 gene ontology groups "actin cytoskeleton organization", "actin filament organization", "actin filament-based process", "cell-matrix adhesion", "cell-substrate adhesion", "chromosome segregation", "chromosome separation", "cytoskeleton organization", "DNA integrity checkpoint", "DNA replication initiation", "organelle fision", "organelle organization". Among the genes with significantly changed expression, those whose role in processes within the ovary are selected for consideration. Genes with increased expression include (ITGA11, CNN1, CCl2, TPM2, ACTN1, VCAM-1, COL3A1, GSN, FRMD6, PLK2). Genes with reduced expression inlcude (KIF14, TACC3, ESPL1, CDC45, TTK, CDC20, CDK1, FBXO5, NEK2-NIMA, CCNE2). For the results obtained by microarray expressions, quantitative validation by RT-qPCR was performed. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated expression profile of genes, which can be considered as new molecular markers of cellular processes involved in signaling, cell structure organization. The expression profile of selected genes brings new insight into regulation of physiological processes in porcine follicular granulosa cells during primary in vitro culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland.
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland
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14
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Bastin J, Sroussi M, Nemazanyy I, Laurent-Puig P, Mouillet-Richard S, Djouadi F. Downregulation of mitochondrial complex I induces ROS production in colorectal cancer subtypes that differently controls migration. J Transl Med 2023; 21:522. [PMID: 37533102 PMCID: PMC10398918 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) can be classified into four molecular subtypes (CMS) among which CMS1 is associated with the best prognosis, while CMS4, the mesenchymal subtype, has the worst outcome. Although mitochondria are considered to be hubs of numerous signaling pathways, the study of mitochondrial metabolism has been neglected for many years. Mitochondrial Complex I (CI) plays a dual role, both in energy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the possible contribution of CI to tumorigenesis in cancer remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the CI under the prism of the CMS classification of CRC in ex vivo models. METHODS Biochemical dosages, bioenergetics analysis and western-blot were used to characterize CI expression, function and redox balance in LoVo and MDST8 cell lines, belonging to CMS1 and CMS4 subgroups, respectively. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed by xCELLigence technology. Overproduction or scavenging of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) were performed to analyze the effect of mtROS on proliferation, migration, and mesenchymal markers. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and its activation were analyzed by immunofluorescence. We assessed the distribution of two CI scores in CRC cohorts according to CMS classification and their relevance for patient survival. RESULTS We found that CI is downregulated in CMS4 cells and is associated with elevated mtROS. We establish for the first time that in these migrating cells, mtROS production is maintained at optimal levels not only through changes in CI activity but also by inactivation/acetylation of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), a major mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme. We show that promoting or scavenging mtROS both mitigate CMS4 cells' migration. Our results also point to a mtROS-mediated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation, which likely sustains their migratory phenotype. Using cohorts of CRC patients, we document that the expression of CI is downregulated in the CMS4 subgroup, and that low CI expression is associated with poor prognosis. Patients' datasets reveal an inverse correlation between CI and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. CONCLUSION We showed that inhibition of CI contributes to heighten mtROS, which likely foster MDST8 migration and might account for the specific EMT signature of CMS4 tumors. These data reveal a novel role of mitochondrial CI in CRC, with biological consequences that may be targeted with anti- or pro-oxidant drugs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bastin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, 15, Rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Marine Sroussi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, 15, Rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielle de la Ville de Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Nemazanyy
- Plate Plateforme d'étude du Métabolisme, SFR Necker, INSERM US24/CNRS UAR3633, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, 15, Rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology Hôpital Georges Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, 15, Rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Djouadi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, 15, Rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France.
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15
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Tram VTN, Khoa Ta HD, Anuraga G, Dung PVT, Xuan DTM, Dey S, Wang CY, Liu YN. Dysbindin Domain-Containing 1 in Prostate Cancer: New Insights into Bioinformatic Validation of Molecular and Immunological Features. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11930. [PMID: 37569304 PMCID: PMC10418609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers in men, yet its pathogenic pathways remain poorly understood. Transcriptomics and high-throughput sequencing can help uncover cancer diagnostic targets and understand biological circuits. Using prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) datasets of various web-based applications (GEPIA, UALCAN, cBioPortal, SR Plot, hTFtarget, Genome Browser, and MetaCore), we found that upregulated dysbindin domain-containing 1 (DBNDD1) expression in primary prostate tumors was strongly correlated with pathways involving the cell cycle, mitotic in KEGG, WIKI, and REACTOME database, and transcription factor-binding sites with the DBNDD1 gene in prostate samples. DBNDD1 gene expression was influenced by sample type, cancer stage, and promoter methylation levels of different cancers, such as PRAD, liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Regulation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β in bipolar disorder and ATP/ITP/GTP/XTP/TTP/CTP/UTP metabolic pathways was closely correlated with the DBNDD1 gene and its co-expressed genes in PCa. DBNDD1 gene expression was positively associated with immune infiltration of B cells, Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC), M2 macrophages, andneutrophil, whereas negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells, T follicular helper cells, M1 macrophages, and NK cells in PCa. These findings suggest that DBNDD1 may serve as a viable prognostic marker not only for early-stage PCa but also for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Ngoc Tram
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Ta
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Gangga Anuraga
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia
| | - Phan Vu Thuy Dung
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Do Thi Minh Xuan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Sanskriti Dey
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nien Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.); (P.V.T.D.); (D.T.M.X.); (S.D.)
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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16
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Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic vLMW Fucoidan Formulas Decrease PD-L1 Surface Expression in EBV Latency III and DLBCL Tumoral B-Cells by Decreasing Actin Network. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020132. [PMID: 36827173 PMCID: PMC9963441 DOI: 10.3390/md21020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects 95% of the world's population and persists latently in the body. It immortalizes B-cells and is associated with lymphomas. LCLs (lymphoblastoid cell lines, EBV latency III B-cells) inhibit anti-tumoral T-cell response following PD-L1 overexpression (programmed death-ligand 1 immune checkpoint). Many cancer cells, including some DLBCLs (diffuse large B-cell lymphomas), also overexpress PD-L1. Immunotherapies are based on inhibition of PD-L1/PD-1 interactions but present some dose-dependent toxicities. We aim to find new strategies to improve their efficiency by decreasing PD-L1 expression. Fucoidan, a polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweed, exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities depending on its polymerization degree, but data are scarce on lymphoma cells or immune checkpoints. LCLs and DLBCLs cells were treated with native fucoidan (Fucus vesiculosus) or original very-low-molecular-weight fucoidan formulas (vLMW-F). We observed cell proliferation decrease and apoptosis induction increase with vLMW-F and no toxicity on normal B- and T-cells. We highlighted a decrease in transcriptional and PD-L1 surface expression, even more efficient for vLMW than native fucoidan. This can be explained by actin network alteration, suggesting lower fusion of secretory vesicles carrying PD-L1 with the plasma membrane. We propose vLMW-F as potential adjuvants to immunotherapy due to their anti-proliferative and proapoptotic effects and ability to decrease PD-L1 membrane expression.
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17
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Hauke L, Primeßnig A, Eltzner B, Radwitz J, Huckemann SF, Rehfeldt F. FilamentSensor 2.0: An open-source modular toolbox for 2D/3D cytoskeletal filament tracking. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279336. [PMID: 36745610 PMCID: PMC9901806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoskeletal pattern formation and structural dynamics are key to a variety of biological functions and a detailed and quantitative analysis yields insight into finely tuned and well-balanced homeostasis and potential pathological alterations. High content life cell imaging of fluorescently labeled cytoskeletal elements under physiological conditions is nowadays state-of-the-art and can record time lapse data for detailed experimental studies. However, systematic quantification of structures and in particular the dynamics (i.e. frame-to-frame tracking) are essential. Here, an unbiased, quantitative, and robust analysis workflow that can be highly automatized is needed. For this purpose we upgraded and expanded our fiber detection algorithm FilamentSensor (FS) to the FilamentSensor 2.0 (FS2.0) toolbox, allowing for automatic detection and segmentation of fibrous structures and the extraction of relevant data (center of mass, length, width, orientation, curvature) in real-time as well as tracking of these objects over time and cell event monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hauke
- Third Institute of Physics—Biophysics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- CIDAS (Campus Institute Data Science), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (LH); (FR)
| | - Andreas Primeßnig
- Third Institute of Physics—Biophysics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Eltzner
- Research Group Computational Biomolecular Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Felix-Bernstein-Institute for Mathematical Statistics in the Biosciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Radwitz
- Third Institute of Physics—Biophysics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan F. Huckemann
- Felix-Bernstein-Institute for Mathematical Statistics in the Biosciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Rehfeldt
- Third Institute of Physics—Biophysics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Experimental Physics I, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- * E-mail: (LH); (FR)
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18
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Wang Y, Pan J, Sun Z. LncRNA NCK1-AS1-mediated regulatory functions in human diseases. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:323-332. [PMID: 36131072 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disease development requires the activation of complex multi-factor processes involving numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which describe non-protein-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs act as essential regulators that perform pivotal roles in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases. The mechanisms underlying lncRNA involvement in diverse diseases have been extensively explored, and lncRNAs are considered powerful biomarkers for clinical practice. The lncRNA noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1) antisense 1 (NCK1-AS1), also known as NCK1 divergent transcript (NCK1-DT), is encoded on human chromosome 3q22.3 and produces a 27,274-base-long transcript. NCK1-AS1 has increasingly been characterized as a causative agent for multiple diseases. The abnormal expression and involvement of NCK1-AS1 in various biological processes have been associated with several diseases. Further exploration of the mechanisms through which NCK1-AS1 contributes to disease development and progression will provide a foundation for potential clinical applications of NCK1-AS1 in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. This review summarizes the current understanding of the various functions and mechanisms through which NCK1-AS1 contributes to various diseases and the clinical application prospects for NCK1-AS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zongzong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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19
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Han SJ, Kwon S, Kim KS. Contribution of mechanical homeostasis to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:1119-1136. [PMID: 36149601 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to other parts of the body via the lymphatic system and bloodstream. With tremendous effort over the past decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the molecular and cellular basis of metastatic processes. Metastasis occurs through five steps, including infiltration and migration, intravasation, survival, extravasation, and colonization. Various molecular and cellular factors involved in the metastatic process have been identified, such as epigenetic factors of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell-cell interactions, soluble signaling, adhesion molecules, and mechanical stimuli. However, the underlying cause of cancer metastasis has not been elucidated. CONCLUSION In this review, we have focused on changes in the mechanical properties of cancer cells and their surrounding environment to understand the causes of cancer metastasis. Cancer cells have unique mechanical properties that distinguish them from healthy cells. ECM stiffness is involved in cancer cell growth, particularly in promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During tumorigenesis, the mechanical properties of cancer cells change in the direction opposite to their environment, resulting in a mechanical stress imbalance between the intracellular and extracellular domains. Disruption of mechanical homeostasis may be one of the causes of EMT that triggers the metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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20
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Mossakowska BJ, Fabisiewicz A, Tudek B, Siedlecki JA. Possible Mechanisms of Resistance Development to Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) In Vulvar Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314689. [PMID: 36499013 PMCID: PMC9741432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a low-invasive treatment method that can be used to treat VIN patients. A photosensitizer (PS) applied to a patient is activated with use of the appropriate wavelength of light, which in an oxygen environment leads to the formation of a reactive oxygen species (ROS) that destroys the tumor. However, cells can protect themselves against these cytotoxic products by increasing their antioxidant mechanisms and repair capacity. Changes in the cytoskeleton may also influence resistance to PDT. Our results revealed that PDT-resistant cells changed the amount of ROS. Cells resistant to PDT A-431 exhibited a decreased ROS level and showed higher viability after oxidizing agent treatment. Resistant Cal-39 cells exhibited a decreased O2- level but increased other ROS. This provides protection from PDT but not from other oxidizing agents. Moreover, PDT leads to alterations in the cytoskeleton that may result in an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or increased adhesion. Both EMT and cell adhesion may activate signaling pathways involved in survival. This means that resistance to PDT in vulvar cancer may be at least in part a result of changes in ROS level and alterations in the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Joanna Mossakowska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Fabisiewicz
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Tudek
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Aleksander Siedlecki
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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21
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Nguyen LTS, Jacob MAC, Parajón E, Robinson DN. Cancer as a biophysical disease: Targeting the mechanical-adaptability program. Biophys J 2022; 121:3573-3585. [PMID: 35505610 PMCID: PMC9617128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With the number of cancer cases projected to significantly increase over time, researchers are currently exploring "nontraditional" research fields in the pursuit of novel therapeutics. One emerging area that is steadily gathering interest revolves around cellular mechanical machinery. When looking broadly at the physical properties of cancer, it has been debated whether a cancer could be defined as either stiffer or softer across cancer types. With numerous articles supporting both sides, the evidence instead suggests that cancer is not particularly regimented. Instead, cancer is highly adaptable, allowing it to endure the constantly changing microenvironments cancer cells encounter, such as tumor compression and the shear forces in the vascular system and body. What allows cancer cells to achieve this adaptability are the particular proteins that make up the mechanical network, leading to a particular mechanical program of the cancer cell. Coincidentally, some of these proteins, such as myosin II, α-actinins, filamins, and actin, have either altered expression in cancer and/or some type of direct involvement in cancer progression. For this reason, targeting the mechanical system as a therapeutic strategy may lead to more efficacious treatments in the future. However, targeting the mechanical program is far from trivial. As involved as the mechanical program is in cancer development and metastasis, it also helps drive many other key cellular processes, such as cell division, cell adhesion, metabolism, and motility. Therefore, anti-cancer treatments targeting the mechanical program must take great care to avoid potential side effects. Here, we introduce the potential of targeting the mechanical program while also providing its challenges and shortcomings as a strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly T S Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark Allan C Jacob
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eleana Parajón
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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22
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Non-coding RNAs in EMT regulation: Association with tumor progression and therapy response. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Paskeh MDA, Entezari M, Mirzaei S, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Naghdi MJ, Sabet S, Khoshbakht MA, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K, Sethi G, Zarrabi A, Kumar AP, Tan SC, Papadakis M, Alexiou A, Islam MA, Mostafavi E, Ashrafizadeh M. Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:83. [PMID: 35765040 PMCID: PMC9238168 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the factors responsible for its progression need to be elucidated. Exosomes are structures with an average size of 100 nm that can transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. This review focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer progression and therapy. We discuss how exosomes are able to modulate components of the tumor microenvironment and influence proliferation and migration rates of cancer cells. We also highlight that, depending on their cargo, exosomes can suppress or promote tumor cell progression and can enhance or reduce cancer cell response to radio- and chemo-therapies. In addition, we describe how exosomes can trigger chronic inflammation and lead to immune evasion and tumor progression by focusing on their ability to transfer non-coding RNAs between cells and modulate other molecular signaling pathways such as PTEN and PI3K/Akt in cancer. Subsequently, we discuss the use of exosomes as carriers of anti-tumor agents and genetic tools to control cancer progression. We then discuss the role of tumor-derived exosomes in carcinogenesis. Finally, we devote a section to the study of exosomes as diagnostic and prognostic tools in clinical courses that is important for the treatment of cancer patients. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of exosomes in cancer therapy, focusing on their therapeutic value in cancer progression and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Naghdi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Sabet
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khoshbakht
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia.,AFNP Med Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
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24
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Deng S, Leong HC, Datta A, Gopal V, Kumar AP, Yap CT. PI3K/AKT Signaling Tips the Balance of Cytoskeletal Forces for Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1652. [PMID: 35406424 PMCID: PMC8997157 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays essential roles in multiple cellular processes, which include cell growth, survival, metabolism, and motility. In response to internal and external stimuli, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway co-opts other signaling pathways, cellular components, and cytoskeletal proteins to reshape individual cells. The cytoskeletal network comprises three main components, which are namely the microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Collectively, they are essential for many fundamental structures and cellular processes. In cancer, aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade and alteration of cytoskeletal structures have been observed to be highly prevalent, and eventually contribute to many cancer hallmarks. Due to their critical roles in tumor progression, pharmacological agents targeting PI3K/AKT, along with cytoskeletal components, have been developed for better intervention strategies against cancer. In our review, we first discuss existing evidence in-depth and then build on recent advances to propose new directions for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Deng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (S.D.); (V.G.)
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
| | - Hin Chong Leong
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Arpita Datta
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Vennila Gopal
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (S.D.); (V.G.)
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Departments of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Celestial T. Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (S.D.); (V.G.)
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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25
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Discovery of novel microtubule stabilizers targeting taxane binding site by applying molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and anticancer activity testing. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105722. [PMID: 35303622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the dynamic equilibrium of microtubules can induce cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis. Hence, discovery of novel tubulin polymerization inhibitors is very necessary and an important task in drug research and development for treatment of various tumors. In this investigation, 50 compounds were screened as microtubule stabilizers targeting the taxane site by combination of molecular docking methods. Among these hits, hits 19 and 38 with novel scaffolds exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity with IC50 ranging from 9.50 to 13.81 μM in four cancer cell lines. The molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that tubulin and two hits could form stable systems. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the interactions between tubulin and two hits at simulated physiological conditions were probed. The in vitro tubulin polymerization assay revealed hits 19 and 38 were able to promote tubulin polymerization in a dose-dependent manner. Further, the immunofluorescence assay suggested that hits 19 and 38 could accelerate microtubule assembly in A549 and HeLa cells. Finally, studies on antitumor activity indicated that hits 19 and 38 induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited cancer cell motility and migration in A549 and HeLa cells. Importantly, hit38 exhibited better anti-tubulin and anti-cancer activity than hit19 in A549 and HeLa cells. Therefore, these results suggest that hit38 represents a promising microtubule stabilizer for treating cancer and deserves further investigation.
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26
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Cytoskeletal dynamics regulates stromal invasion behavior of distinct liver cancer subtypes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:202. [PMID: 35241781 PMCID: PMC8894393 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug treatment against liver cancer has limited efficacy due to heterogeneous response among liver cancer subtypes. In addition, the functional biophysical phenotypes which arise from this heterogeneity and contribute to aggressive invasive behavior remain poorly understood. This study interrogated how heterogeneity in liver cancer subtypes contributes to differences in invasive phenotypes and drug response. Utilizing histological analysis, quantitative 2D invasion metrics, reconstituted 3D hydrogels, and bioinformatics, our study linked cytoskeletal dynamics to differential invasion profiles and drug resistance in liver cancer subtypes. We investigated cytoskeletal regulation in 2D and 3D culture environments using two liver cancer cell lines, SNU-475 and HepG2, chosen for their distinct cytoskeletal features and invasion profiles. For SNU-475 cells, a model for aggressive liver cancer, many cytoskeletal inhibitors abrogated 2D migration but only some suppressed 3D migration. For HepG2 cells, cytoskeletal inhibition did not significantly affect 3D migration but did affect proliferative capabilities and spheroid core growth. This study highlights cytoskeleton driven phenotypic variation, their consequences and coexistence within the same tumor, as well as efficacy of targeting biophysical phenotypes that may be masked in traditional screens against tumor growth. Treatment for liver cancer is complicated by its various subtypes, which show different responses to anticancer drugs. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of targeting biophysical phenotypes related to cytoskeleton properties that are usually masked in traditional drug screens.
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27
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Kalli M, Li R, Mills GB, Stylianopoulos T, Zervantonakis IK. Mechanical Stress Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer Cells Triggers p38 MAPK- and JNK-Dependent Cytoskeleton Remodeling and Promotes Cell Migration via Rac1/cdc42/Myosin II. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:485-497. [PMID: 34782370 PMCID: PMC8898300 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer is highly resistant to existing therapies, and new treatments are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. Current studies focus on alternative treatment approaches that target the abnormal microenvironment of pancreatic tumors and the resulting elevated mechanical stress in the tumor interior. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms by which mechanical stress regulates pancreatic cancer metastatic potential remain elusive. Herein, we used a proteomic assay to profile mechanical stress-induced signaling cascades that drive the motility of pancreatic cancer cells. Proteomic analysis, together with selective protein inhibition and siRNA treatments, revealed that mechanical stress enhances cell migration through activation of the p38 MAPK/HSP27 and JNK/c-Jun signaling axes, and activation of the actin cytoskeleton remodelers: Rac1, cdc42, and myosin II. In addition, mechanical stress upregulated transcription factors associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stimulated the formation of stress fibers and filopodia. p38 MAPK and JNK inhibition resulted in lower cell proliferation and more effectively blocked cell migration under mechanical stress compared with control conditions. The enhanced tumor cell motility under mechanical stress was potently reduced by cdc42 and Rac1 silencing with no effects on proliferation. Our results highlight the importance of targeting aberrant signaling in cancer cells that have adapted to mechanical stress in the tumor microenvironment, as a novel approach to effectively limit pancreatic cancer cell migration. IMPLICATIONS Our findings highlight that mechanical stress activated the p38 MAPK and JNK signaling axis and stimulated pancreatic cancer cell migration via upregulation of the actin cytoskeleton remodelers cdc42 and Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalli
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ruxuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Oregon, Pennsylvania
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis K. Zervantonakis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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28
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Pessoa J, Teixeira J. Cytoskeleton alterations in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2022; 128:155115. [PMID: 34974078 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.155115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its extremely high prevalence and severity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) is a serious health and economic concern worldwide. Developing effective methods of diagnosis and therapy demands a deeper understanding of its molecular basis. One of the strategies in such an endeavor is the analysis of alterations in the morphology of liver cells. Such alterations, widely reported in NAFLD patients and disease models, are related to the cytoskeleton. Therefore, the fate of the cytoskeleton components is useful to uncover the molecular basis of NAFLD, to further design innovative approaches for its diagnosis and therapy. MAIN FINDINGS Several cytoskeleton proteins are up-regulated in liver cells of NAFLD patients. Under pathological conditions, keratin 18 is released from hepatocytes and its detection in the blood emerges as a non-invasive diagnosis tool. α-Smooth muscle actin is up-regulated in hepatic stellate cells and its down-regulation has been widely tested as a potential NALFD therapeutic approach. Other cytoskeleton proteins, such as vimentin, are also up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD progression involves alterations in expression levels of proteins that build the liver cytoskeleton or associate with it. These findings provide a timely opportunity of developing novel approaches for NAFLD diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pessoa
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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29
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Kumar Sharma R, Chafik A, Bertolin G. Mitochondrial transport, partitioning and quality control at the heart of cell proliferation and fate acquisition. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C311-C325. [PMID: 35044857 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00256.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential to cell homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial distribution, segregation or turnover have been linked to complex pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancer. Understanding how these functions are coordinated in specific cell types is a major challenge to discover how mitochondria globally shape cell functionality. In this review, we will first describe how mitochondrial transport and dynamics are regulated throughout the cell cycle in yeast and in mammals. Second, we will explore the functional consequences of mitochondrial transport and partitioning on cell proliferation, fate acquisition, stemness, and on the way cells adapt their metabolism. Last, we will focus on how mitochondrial clearance programs represent a further layer of complexity for cell differentiation, or in the maintenance of stemness. Defining how mitochondrial transport, dynamics and clearance are mutually orchestrated in specific cell types may help our understanding of how cells can transition from a physiological to a pathological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Abderrahman Chafik
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Giulia Bertolin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, Rennes, France
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30
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New Heterocyclic Combretastatin A-4 Analogs: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Styryl-2(3 H)-benzothiazolones. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121331. [PMID: 34959731 PMCID: PMC8703450 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of a series of 26 new styryl-2(3H)-benzothiazolone analogs of combretastatin-A4 (CA-4). The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were tested in several cell lines (EA.hy926, A549, BEAS-2B, MDA-MB-231, HT-29, MCF-7, and MCF-10A), and the relations between structure and cytotoxicity are discussed. From the series, compound (Z)-3-methyl-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxystyryl)-2(3H)-benzothiazolone (26Z) exhibits the most potent cytotoxic activity (IC50 0.13 ± 0.01 µM) against EA.hy926 cells. 26Z not only inhibits vasculogenesis but also disrupts pre-existing vasculature. 26Z is a microtubule-modulating agent and inhibits a spectrum of angiogenic events in EA.hy926 cells by interfering with endothelial cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. 26Z also shows anti-proliferative activity in CA-4 resistant cells with the following IC50 values: HT-29 (0.008 ± 0.001 µM), MDA-MB-231 (1.35 ± 0.42 µM), and MCF-7 (2.42 ± 0.48 µM). Cell-cycle phase-specific experiments show that 26Z treatment results in G2/M arrest and mitotic spindle multipolarity, suggesting that drug-induced centrosome amplification could promote cell death. Some 26Z-treated adherent cells undergo aberrant cytokinesis, resulting in aneuploidy that perhaps contributes to drug-induced cell death. These data indicate that spindle multipolarity induction by 26Z has an exciting chemotherapeutic potential that merits further investigation.
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Proteomic Profiling of Plasma-Derived Biomarkers in Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Step towards Clinical Translation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121294. [PMID: 34947825 PMCID: PMC8704559 DOI: 10.3390/life11121294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is a life-threatening disease and a major cause of cancer-associated complications. The main challenges confronted during the clinical management of bladder cancer are associated with recurrence and disease progression to the muscle-invasive phenotype. Improved early detection of the disease is of paramount importance to prevent disease progression and improve survival. Hence, novel clinically applicable biomarkers for early detection are warranted. Methods: In the current study, a comparative proteomic approach was undertaken using plasma samples to identify protein biomarkers associated with the muscle-invasive phenotype of bladder carcinoma. Isolated plasma proteins were depleted, DIGE-labeled, then subjected to conventional 2D electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry for identification of differentially expressed proteins. Western blot was used for data validation. Results: Fourteen differentially expressed proteins with statistically significant changes in abundance between the cancer group and control group were identified. Three differentially expressed proteins were selected for validation, among which apolipoprotein A1 exhibited high specificity and sensitivity (AUC = 0.906). Ingenuity pathway analysis identified IFN-γ and TNF-α as the main signaling hub for the differentially regulated proteins. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional insight into understanding bladder cancer pathogenesis. Our data identified potential non-invasive plasma-derived biomarker proteins that merit additional investigation to validate its clinical usefulness to prevent bladder cancer progression.
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Rodat-Despoix L, Chamlali M, Ouadid-Ahidouch H. Ion channels as key partners of cytoskeleton in cancer disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188627. [PMID: 34520803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several processes occur during tumor development including changes in cell morphology, a reorganization of the expression and distribution of the cytoskeleton proteins as well as ion channels. If cytoskeleton proteins and ion channels have been widely investigated in understanding cancer mechanisms, the interaction between these two elements and the identification of the associated signaling pathways are only beginning to emerge. In this review, we summarize the work published over the past 15 years relating to the roles played by ion channels in these mechanisms of reorganization of the cellular morphology, essential to metastatic dissemination, both through the physical interactions with elements of the cytoskeleton and by intracellular signaling pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Rodat-Despoix
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (UR 4667), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France.
| | - Mohamed Chamlali
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (UR 4667), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Halima Ouadid-Ahidouch
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (UR 4667), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
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Kanwore K, Kambey PA, Guo XX, Abiola AA, Xia Y, Gao D. Extracellular and Intracellular Factors in Brain Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:699103. [PMID: 34513834 PMCID: PMC8429835 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.699103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The external and internal factors of the cell are critical to glioma initiation. Several factors and molecules have been reported to be implicated in the initiation and progression of brain cancer. However, the exact sequence of events responsible for glioma initiation is still unknown. Existing reports indicate that glioma stem cells are the cell of glioma origin. During cell division, chromosome breakage, DNA alteration increases the chance of cell genome modifications and oncogene overexpression. Although there is a high risk of gene alteration and oncogene overexpression, not everyone develops cancer. During embryogenesis, the same oncogenes that promote cancers have also been reported to be highly expressed, but this high expression which does not lead to carcinogenesis raises questions about the role of oncogenes in carcinogenesis. The resistance of cancer cells to drugs, apoptosis, and immune cells does not rely solely on oncogene overexpression but also on the defect in cell organelle machinery (mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeleton). This review discusses factors contributing to cancer; we report the dysfunction of the cell organelles and their contribution to carcinogenesis, while oncogene overexpression promotes tumorigenesis, maintenance, and progression through cell adhesion. All these factors together represent a fundamental requirement for cancer and its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouminin Kanwore
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Guo
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ayanlaja Abdulrahman Abiola
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dianshuai Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Vlassakis J, Hansen LL, Higuchi-Sanabria R, Zhou Y, Tsui CK, Dillin A, Huang H, Herr AE. Measuring expression heterogeneity of single-cell cytoskeletal protein complexes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4969. [PMID: 34404787 PMCID: PMC8371148 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimeric cytoskeletal protein complexes orchestrate normal cellular function. However, protein-complex distributions in stressed, heterogeneous cell populations remain unknown. Cell staining and proximity-based methods have limited selectivity and/or sensitivity for endogenous multimeric protein-complex quantification from single cells. We introduce micro-arrayed, differential detergent fractionation to simultaneously detect protein complexes in hundreds of individual cells. Fractionation occurs by 60 s size-exclusion electrophoresis with protein complex-stabilizing buffer that minimizes depolymerization. Proteins are measured with a ~5-hour immunoassay. Co-detection of cytoskeletal protein complexes in U2OS cells treated with filamentous actin (F-actin) destabilizing Latrunculin A detects a unique subpopulation (~2%) exhibiting downregulated F-actin, but upregulated microtubules. Thus, some cells may upregulate other cytoskeletal complexes to counteract the stress of Latrunculin A treatment. We also sought to understand the effect of non-chemical stress on cellular heterogeneity of F-actin. We find heat shock may dysregulate filamentous and globular actin correlation. In this work, our assay overcomes selectivity limitations to biochemically quantify single-cell protein complexes perturbed with diverse stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julea Vlassakis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Louise L Hansen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ryo Higuchi-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yun Zhou
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - C Kimberly Tsui
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Statistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Amy E Herr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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A Brief Review of the Structure, Cytotoxicity, Synthesis, and Biodegradation of Microcystins. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13162147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms pose an environmental health hazard due to the release of water-soluble cyanotoxins. One of the most prevalent cyanotoxins in nature is microcystins (MCs), a class of cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, and they are produced by several common cyanobacteria in aquatic environments. Once released from cyanobacterial cells, MCs are subjected to physical chemical and biological transformations in natural environments. MCs can also be taken up and accumulated in aquatic organisms and their grazers/predators and induce toxic effects in several organisms, including humans. This brief review aimed to summarize our current understanding on the chemical structure, exposure pathway, cytotoxicity, biosynthesis, and environmental transformation of microcystins.
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Benoit B, Baillet A, Poüs C. Cytoskeleton and Associated Proteins: Pleiotropic JNK Substrates and Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8375. [PMID: 34445080 PMCID: PMC8395060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review extensively reports data from the literature concerning the complex relationships between the stress-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and the four main cytoskeleton elements, which are actin filaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments, and septins. To a lesser extent, we also focused on the two membrane-associated cytoskeletons spectrin and ESCRT-III. We gather the mechanisms controlling cytoskeleton-associated JNK activation and the known cytoskeleton-related substrates directly phosphorylated by JNK. We also point out specific locations of the JNK upstream regulators at cytoskeletal components. We finally compile available techniques and tools that could allow a better characterization of the interplay between the different types of cytoskeleton filaments upon JNK-mediated stress and during development. This overview may bring new important information for applied medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Benoit
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, 5 Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Anita Baillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, 5 Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Christian Poüs
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, 5 Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (A.B.); (C.P.)
- Biochimie-Hormonologie, AP-HP Université Paris-Saclay, Site Antoine Béclère, 157 Rue de la Porte de Trivaux, 92141 Clamart, France
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Venditti M, Arcaniolo D, De Sio M, Minucci S. Preliminary Investigation on the Involvement of Cytoskeleton-Related Proteins, DAAM1 and PREP, in Human Testicular Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158094. [PMID: 34360857 PMCID: PMC8347498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, for the first time, the potential relationships between the cytoskeleton-associated proteins DAAM1 and PREP with different testicular disorders, such as classic seminoma (CS), Leydig cell tumor (LCT), and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SOS), were evaluated. Six CS, two LCT, and two SOS tissue samples were obtained during inguinal exploration in patients with a suspect testis tumor based on clinical examination and ultrasonography. DAAM1 and PREP protein levels and immunofluorescent localization were analyzed. An increased DAAM1 protein level in CS and SOS as compared to non-pathological (NP) tissue was observed, while LCT showed no significant differences. Conversely, PREP protein level increased in LCT, while it decreased in CS and SOS compared to NP tissue. These results were strongly supported by the immunofluorescence staining, revealing an altered localization and signal intensity of DAAM1 and PREP in the analyzed samples, highlighting a perturbed cytoarchitecture. Interestingly, in LCT spermatogonia, a specific DAAM1 nuclear localization was found, probably due to an enhanced testosterone production, as confirmed by the increased protein levels of steroidogenic enzymes. Finally, although further studies are needed to verify the involvement of other formins and microtubule-associated proteins, this report raised the opportunity to indicate DAAM1 and PREP as new potential markers, supporting the cytoskeleton dynamics changes occurring during normal and/or pathological cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez, Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate “F. Bottazzi”, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Marco De Sio
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (D.A.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez, Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate “F. Bottazzi”, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.V.); (S.M.)
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Proteomics of Multiple Sclerosis: Inherent Issues in Defining the Pathoetiology and Identifying (Early) Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147377. [PMID: 34298997 PMCID: PMC8306353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the human central nervous system having an unconfirmed pathoetiology. Although animal models are used to mimic the pathology and clinical symptoms, no single model successfully replicates the full complexity of MS from its initial clinical identification through disease progression. Most importantly, a lack of preclinical biomarkers is hampering the earliest possible diagnosis and treatment. Notably, the development of rationally targeted therapeutics enabling pre-emptive treatment to halt the disease is also delayed without such biomarkers. Using literature mining and bioinformatic analyses, this review assessed the available proteomic studies of MS patients and animal models to discern (1) whether the models effectively mimic MS; and (2) whether reasonable biomarker candidates have been identified. The implication and necessity of assessing proteoforms and the critical importance of this to identifying rational biomarkers are discussed. Moreover, the challenges of using different proteomic analytical approaches and biological samples are also addressed.
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Klicka K, Grzywa TM, Klinke A, Mielniczuk A, Włodarski PK. The Role of miRNAs in the Regulation of Endometrial Cancer Invasiveness and Metastasis-A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3393. [PMID: 34298609 PMCID: PMC8304659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common genital cancer in women with increasing death rates. MiRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression on the post-transcriptional levels. Multiple studies demonstrated a fundamental role of miRNAs in the regulation of carcinogenesis. This systematic review is a comprehensive overview of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis in EC. The literature was searched for studies investigating the role of miRNAs in the regulation of invasiveness and metastasis in EC. We explored PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using the following keywords: miRNA, metastasis, invasiveness, endometrial cancer. Data were collected from 163 articles that described the expression and role of 106 miRNAs in the regulation of EC invasiveness and metastasis out of which 63 were tumor suppressor miRNAs, and 38 were oncomiRNAs. Five miRNAs had a discordant role in different studies. Moreover, we identified 66 miRNAs whose expression in tumor tissue or concentration in serum correlated with at least one clinical parameter. These findings suggest a crucial role of miRNAs in the regulation of EC invasiveness and metastasis and present them as potential prognostic factors for patients with EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Klicka
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (T.M.G.); (A.K.); (A.M.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz M. Grzywa
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (T.M.G.); (A.K.); (A.M.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Klinke
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (T.M.G.); (A.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Mielniczuk
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (T.M.G.); (A.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Paweł K. Włodarski
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (T.M.G.); (A.K.); (A.M.)
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Shaharuddin SH, Wang V, Santos RS, Gross A, Wang Y, Jawanda H, Zhang Y, Hasan W, Garcia G, Arumugaswami V, Sareen D. Deleterious Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Human Pancreatic Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:678482. [PMID: 34282405 PMCID: PMC8285288 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.678482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 154 million people worldwide and caused more than 3.2 million deaths. It is transmitted by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and affects the respiratory tract as well as extra-pulmonary systems, including the pancreas, that express the virus entry receptor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Importantly, the endocrine and exocrine pancreas, the latter composed of ductal and acinar cells, express high levels of ACE2, which correlates to impaired functionality characterized as acute pancreatitis observed in some cases presenting with COVID-19. Since acute pancreatitis is already one of the most frequent gastrointestinal causes of hospitalization in the U.S. and the majority of studies investigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the pancreas are clinical and observational, we utilized human iPSC technology to investigate the potential deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures containing endocrine and exocrine cells. Interestingly, iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures allow SARS-CoV-2 entry and establish infection, thus perturbing their normal molecular and cellular phenotypes. The infection increased a key cytokine, CXCL12, known to be involved in inflammatory responses in the pancreas. Transcriptome analysis of infected pancreatic cultures confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the ribosomal machinery in these cells. Notably, the SARS-CoV-2 infectivity of the pancreas was confirmed in post-mortem tissues from COVID-19 patients, which showed co-localization of SARS-CoV-2 in pancreatic endocrine and exocrine cells and increased the expression of some pancreatic ductal stress response genes. Thus, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect human iPSC-derived pancreatic cells with strong supporting evidence of presence of the virus in post-mortem pancreatic tissue of confirmed COVID-19 human cases. This novel model of iPSC-derived pancreatic cultures will open new avenues for the comprehension of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and potentially establish a platform for endocrine and exocrine pancreas-specific antiviral drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syairah Hanan Shaharuddin
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Cedars-Sinai Biomanufacturing Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Victoria Wang
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Cedars-Sinai Biomanufacturing Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Roberta S. Santos
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Cedars-Sinai Biomanufacturing Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Andrew Gross
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Cedars-Sinai Biomanufacturing Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Harneet Jawanda
- Biobank and Translational Research Core, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute (SOCCI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biobank and Translational Research Core, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute (SOCCI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wohaib Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Biobank and Translational Research Core, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute (SOCCI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dhruv Sareen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Cedars-Sinai Biomanufacturing Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- iPSC Core, David and Janet Polak Foundation Stem Cell Core Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Madda R, Chen CM, Chen CF, Wang JY, Wu PK, Chen WM. Effect of Cryoablation Treatment on the Protein Expression Profile of Low-Grade Central Chondrosarcoma Identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1469-1489. [PMID: 34003650 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of cryoablation/cryosurgery in treating solid tumors has been proven as a unique technique that uses lethal temperatures to destroy the tumors and impart better functions for the affected organs. This novel technique recently demonstrated the best clinical results in chondrosarcoma (CSA) with faster recovery, less recurrence, and metastasis. Due to the resistant nature of CSA to chemo and radiation therapy, cryoablation comes to light as the best alternative approach. Therefore, for the first time, we aimed to compare CSA-untreated with cryoablation treated samples to discover some potential markers that may provide various clues in terms of diagnosis and pathophysiology and may facilitate the development of novel methods to treat sarcoma efficiently. To find the altered proteins among both groups, a mass-based label-free approach was employed and identified a total of 160 significantly altered proteins. Among these, 138 proteins were dysregulated with <1- to -0.1-fold, 18 proteins were up-regulated with >3 folds, and four proteins were similarly expressed in the untreated group compared to the treated. Interestingly, the differential expressions of proteins from the untreated group showed contrast expressions in the treated group. Furthermore, the functional enrichment analysis revealed that most of the identified proteins from this study were associated with various significant pathways such as glycolysis, MAPK activation, PI3K-Akt signaling, extracellular matrix degradation, etc. In addition, two protein expressions, such as fibronectin and annexin-1, were validated by immunoblot analysis. Therefore, this study signifies the most comprehensive discovery of altered protein expressions to date and the first large-scale detection of protein profiles from CSA-cryoablation treated compared to untreated. This work may serve as the basis for future research to open novel treatment options for chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Madda
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Jir-You Wang
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Po-Kuei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
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MicroRNAs Deregulated in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Converge on Actin Cytoskeleton-Related Pathways That Are Maintained in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102369. [PMID: 34069007 PMCID: PMC8155860 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are pancreatic cystic lesions that can develop into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Although there is an increasing incidence of IPMN diagnosis, the mechanisms of formation and progression into invasive cancer remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, repressors of mRNA translation, and promising diagnostic biomarkers for IPMN and PDAC. Functional information on the role of early-altered miRNAs in this setting would offer novel strategies for tracking the IPMN-to-PDAC progression. In order to detect mRNAs that are likely to be under miRNA regulation in IPMNs, whole transcriptome and miRNome data from normal pancreatic tissue (n = 3) and IPMN lesions (n = 4) were combined and filtered according to negative correlation and miRNA-target prediction databases by using miRComb R package. Further comparison analysis with PDAC data allowed us to obtain a subset of miRNA-mRNA pairs shared in IPMN and PDAC. Functional enrichment analysis unravelled processes that are mainly related with cell structure, actin cytoskeleton, and metabolism. MiR-181a appeared as a master regulator of these processes. The expression of selected miRNA-mRNA pairs was validated by qRT-PCR in an independent cohort of patients (n = 40), and then analysed in different pancreatic cell lines. Finally, we generated a cellular model of HPDE cells stably overexpressing miR-181a, which showed a significant alteration of actin cytoskeleton structures accompanied by a significant downregulation of EPB41L4B and SEL1L expression. In situ hybridization of miR-181a and immunohistochemistry of EPB41L4B and SEL1L in pancreatic tissues (n = 4 Healthy; n = 3 IPMN; n = 4 PDAC) were also carried out. In this study, we offer insights on the potential implication of miRNA alteration in the regulation of structural and metabolic changes that pancreatic cells experience during IPMN establishment and that are maintained in PDAC.
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Lee YQ, Rajadurai P, Abas F, Othman I, Naidu R. Proteomic Analysis on Anti-Proliferative and Apoptosis Effects of Curcumin Analog, 1,5-bis(4-Hydroxy-3-Methyoxyphenyl)-1,4-Pentadiene-3-One-Treated Human Glioblastoma and Neuroblastoma Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:645856. [PMID: 33996900 PMCID: PMC8119891 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.645856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin analogs with excellent biological properties have been synthesized to address and overcome the poor pharmacokinetic profiles of curcumin. This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity, anti-proliferative, and apoptosis-inducing ability of curcumin analog, MS13 on human glioblastoma U-87 MG, and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and to examine the global proteome changes in these cells following treatment. Our current findings showed that MS13 induced potent cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects on both cells. Increased caspase-3 activity and decreased bcl-2 concentration upon treatment indicate that MS13 induces apoptosis in these cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The label-free shotgun proteomic analysis has defined the protein profiles in both glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cells, whereby a total of nine common DEPs, inclusive of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), alpha-enolase (ENO1), heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha (HSP90AA1), Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta (HSP90AB1), Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 (EFI5A), heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (HNRNPK), tubulin beta chain (TUBB), histone H2AX (H2AFX), and Protein SET were identified. Pathway analysis further elucidated that MS13 may induce its anti-tumor effects in both cells via the common enriched pathways, “Glycolysis” and “Post-translational protein modification.” Conclusively, MS13 demonstrates an anti-cancer effect that may indicate its potential use in the management of brain malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Qian Lee
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Pathmanathan Rajadurai
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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44
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Fraldi M, Cutolo A, Carotenuto AR, Palumbo S, Pugno N. A lesson from earthquake engineering for selectively damaging cancer cell structures. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 119:104533. [PMID: 33895664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The progressive falling of barriers among disciplines is opening unforeseen scenarios in diagnosis and treatment of cancer diseases. By sharing models and mature knowledge in physics, engineering, computer sciences and molecular biology, synergistic efforts have in fact contributed in the last years to re-think still unsolved problems, shedding light on key roles of mechanobiology in tumors and envisaging new effective strategies for a precise medicine. The use of ultrasounds for altering cancer cells' program is one of the most attracting grounds to be explored in oncophysics, although how to administer mechanical energy to impair selected cell structures and functions simultaneously overcoming the critical trade-off between the impact of the cure and the patient risk still remains an open issue. Within this framework, by starting from the theoretical possibility of selectively attacking malignant cells by exploiting the stiffness discrepancies between tumor and healthy single cells, first proposed by Fraldi et al. (2015), we here investigate the in-frequency response of an overall spherical close-packing of geometrically equal polyhedral cells to gain insights into how mechanical resonance and vibration-induced failure phenomena can be oriented to destroy specific target units when both the cell populations coexist, as it happens for in vivo cases. Inspired by the dynamic action of earthquakes - which fracture only selected elements among adjacent ones in the same structure or damage individual constructions in contiguous buildings - we study the harmonic response of hierarchically architectured cell agglomerates, inhabited by both tumor and healthy cells that interact mutually throughout the extra-cellular matrix and whose cytoskeleton is modeled as a nonlinear soft-tensegrity structure. Numerical Finite Element results show that, at frequencies compatible with low intensity therapeutic ultrasounds, mechanical resonance and possible fatigue cycles of the pre-stressed actin filaments and microtubules can be selectively induced in cancer cells as a function of the global volume fraction of the cell species, paving the way for future engineered treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Fraldi
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy.
| | - Arsenio Cutolo
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Palumbo
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - Nicola Pugno
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired, Bionic, Nano, Meta Materials and Mechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Italy; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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45
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Aikemu B, Shao Y, Yang G, Ma J, Zhang S, Yang X, Hong H, Yesseyeva G, Huang L, Jia H, Wang C, Zang L, Sun J, Zheng M. NDRG1 regulates Filopodia-induced Colorectal Cancer invasiveness via modulating CDC42 activity. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1716-1730. [PMID: 33994856 PMCID: PMC8120473 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.56694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) has been identified as a putative metastasis suppressor gene and proved to be a key player in cancer spreading and proliferation in our previous work. However, the effects of NDRG1 on tumor invasion and the mechanisms behind it are rarely understood. Here we provided in silico evidence that NDRG1 plays a crucial role in actin reorganization in colorectal cancer (CRC). Through in vitro experiments, we next observed filopodia formation was altered in NDRG1-modified cell lines, while cell division cycle-42 (CDC42) displayed excessive activation in NDRG1-silenced cells. Mechanistically, NDRG1 loss disrupts the binding between RhoGDIα and CDC42 and triggers the activation of CDC42 and the downstream cascades PAK1/Cofilin, thereby promotes the formation of filopodia and invasiveness of CRC. The knockdown of NDRG1 led to enhanced dissemination of CRC cells in vivo and correlates with active CDC42 expression. Using clinical sample analysis, we found an elevated level of active CDC42 in patients with advanced T stage, and it was negatively related to NDRG1 expression. In sum, these results uncover a mechanism utilized by NDRG1 to regulate CDC42 activity in coordinating cytoskeleton reorganization, which was crucial in cancer invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuer Aikemu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hiju Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Galiya Yesseyeva
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hsieh YH, Hsu WH, Yang SF, Liu CJ, Lu KH, Wang PH, Lin RC. Potential Antimetastatic Effect of Timosaponin AIII against Human Osteosarcoma Cells through Regulating the Integrin/FAK/Cofilin Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030260. [PMID: 33799345 PMCID: PMC8000016 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TSAIII) is a steroidal saponin which demonstrates anti-tumour activities. However, the effect of TSAIII on human osteosarcoma cells remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that TSAIII exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the distribution of cytoskeletal F-actin and cytoskeletal-related proteins, which contributed to the suppression of cell migration and invasion, without inhibiting cell growth or apoptosis. In the synergistic inhibitory analysis, cotreatment of TSAIII with αVβ3 integrin inhibitor [Cyclo(RGDyK)] or focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor (PF-573228) exerted greater synergistic inhibitory effects on the expression of Intergin αVβ3/FAK/cofilin axis, thus inhibiting the migration and invasion capacities of human osteosarcoma cells. TSAIII was demonstrated to significantly inhibit the pulmonary metastasis formation of human osteosarcoma cells in vivo in metastasis animal models. These findings reveal the inhibitory effects of TSAIII on the metastasis progression of human osteosarcoma cells and the regulation of integrin-αVβ3-FAK-Src and TESK1/p-cofilin mediated cytoskeletal F-actin pathway. Therefore, TSAIII might represent a novel strategy for the auxiliary treatment of human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (S.-F.Y.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung, Medical University, Kaoshiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (C.-J.L.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (S.-F.Y.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung, Medical University, Kaoshiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (C.-J.L.)
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (S.-F.Y.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Renn-Chia Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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47
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Bergqvist M, Elebro K, Borgquist S, Rosendahl AH. Adipocytes Under Obese-Like Conditions Change Cell Cycle Distribution and Phosphorylation Profiles of Breast Cancer Cells: The Adipokine Receptor CAP1 Matters. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628653. [PMID: 33738261 PMCID: PMC7962603 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and associated metabolic conditions impact adipocyte functionality with potential consequences for breast cancer risk and prognosis, but contributing mechanisms remain to be understood. The adipokine receptor adenylyl cyclase-associated protein-1 (CAP1) has been implicated in the progression of breast cancer, but results are conflicting and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, molecular and cellular effects in breast cancer cells by stimulation of adipocytes under normal or obese-like conditions, and potential involvement of CAP1, were assessed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive T47D and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were exposed to adipocyte-secretome from adipocytes placed under pressures mimicking normal and obese-like metabolic conditions. Changes in phosphorylated kinase proteins and related biological pathways were assessed by phospho-antibody array and PANTHER analysis, cell proliferation were investigated through sulforhodamine B, cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Functional effects of CAP1 were subsequently examined following small interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown. RESULTS Protein phosphorylations involved in important biological processes were enriched in T47D breast cancer cells in response to adipocyte secretome from obese-like compared with normal conditions. The obesity-associated adipocyte secretome further stimulated cell proliferation and a shift from cell cycle G1-phase to S- and G2/M-phase was observed. Silencing of CAP1 decreased cell proliferation in both T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells, and reduced the obesity-associated secretome-induction of phosphoproteins involved in cell proliferation pathways. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the adipocyte secretome and CAP1 are mechanistically important for the proliferation of both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells, and potential signaling mediators were identified. These studies provide biological insight into how obesity-associated factors could affect breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Bergqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Elebro
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ann H. Rosendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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48
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Cell properties assessment using optimized dielectrophoresis-based cell stretching and lumped mechanical modeling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2341. [PMID: 33504827 PMCID: PMC7840762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells mechanical property assessment has been a promising label-free method for cell differentiation. Several methods have been proposed for single-cell mechanical properties analysis. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is one method used for single-cell mechanical property assessment, cell separation, and sorting. DEP method has overcome weaknesses of other techniques, including compatibility with microfluidics, high throughput assessment, and high accuracy. However, due to the lack of a general and explicit model for this method, it has not been known as an ideal cell mechanical property evaluation method. Here we present an explicit model using the most general electromagnetic equation (Maxwell Stress Tensor) for single-cell mechanical evaluation based on the DEP method. For proof of concept, we used the proposed model for differentiation between three different types of cells, namely erythrocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and an epithelial breast cancer cells line (T-47D). The results show that, by a lumped parameter that depends on cells' mechanical and electrical properties, the proposed model can successfully distinguish between the mentioned cell types that can be in a single blood sample. The proposed model would open up the chance to use a mechanical assessment method for cell searching in parallel with other methods.
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49
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Carlos JAEG, Lima K, Costa-Lotufo LV, Leitão A, Machado-Neto JA. AD80, a multikinase inhibitor, exhibits antineoplastic effects in acute leukemia cellular models targeting the PI3K/STMN1 axis. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1139-1149. [PMID: 33475938 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of acute leukemia, very little of this knowledge has been translated into new therapies. Stathmin 1 (STMN1), a phosphoprotein that regulates microtubules dynamics, is highly expressed in acute leukemia cells and promotes cell cycle progression and proliferation. GDP366 has been described as a STMN1 and survivin inhibitor in solid tumors. This study identified structural GDP366 analogs and the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying their suppressive effects on acute leukemia cellular models. STMN1 mRNA levels were higher in AML and ALL patients, independent of risk stratification (all p < 0.001). Cheminformatics analysis identified three structural GDP366 analogs, with AD80 more potent and effective than GSK2606414 and GW768505A. In acute leukemia cells, GDP366 and AD80 reduced cell viability and autonomous clonal growth in a dose- and/or time-dependent manner (p < 0.05) and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (p < 0.05). At the molecular level, GDP366 and AD80 reduced Ki-67 (a proliferation marker) expression and S6 ribosomal protein (a PI3K/AKT/mTOR effector) phosphorylation, and induced PARP1 (an apoptosis marker) cleavage and γH2AX (a DNA damage marker) expression. GDP366 induced STMN1 phosphorylation and survivin expression, while AD80 reduced survivin and STMN1 expression. GDP366 and AD80 modulated 18 of the 84 cytoskeleton regulators-related genes. These results indicated that GDP366 and AD80 reduced the PI3K/STMN1 axis and had cytotoxic effects in acute leukemia cellular models. Our findings further highlight STMN1-mediated signaling as a putative anticancer target for acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Antonio Elias Godoy Carlos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Keli Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrei Leitão
- Medicinal & Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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50
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Monti N, Masiello MG, Proietti S, Catizone A, Ricci G, Harrath AH, Alwasel SH, Cucina A, Bizzarri M. Survival Pathways Are Differently Affected by Microgravity in Normal and Cancerous Breast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020862. [PMID: 33467082 PMCID: PMC7829699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metazoan living cells exposed to microgravity undergo dramatic changes in morphological and biological properties, which ultimately lead to apoptosis and phenotype reprogramming. However, apoptosis can occur at very different rates depending on the experimental model, and in some cases, cells seem to be paradoxically protected from programmed cell death during weightlessness. These controversial results can be explained by considering the notion that the behavior of adherent cells dramatically diverges in respect to that of detached cells, organized into organoids-like, floating structures. We investigated both normal (MCF10A) and cancerous (MCF-7) breast cells and found that appreciable apoptosis occurs only after 72 h in MCF-7 cells growing in organoid-like structures, in which major modifications of cytoskeleton components were observed. Indeed, preserving cell attachment to the substrate allows cells to upregulate distinct Akt- and ERK-dependent pathways in MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells, respectively. These findings show that survival strategies may differ between cell types but cannot provide sufficient protection against weightlessness-induced apoptosis alone if adhesion to the substrate is perturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Monti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Masiello
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.G.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Sara Proietti
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.G.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Catizone
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic-Medicine and Orthopedics, Section of Histology and Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Saleh H. Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.H.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Alessandra Cucina
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.G.M.); (S.P.); (A.C.)
- Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-4976-6606
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