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Han Z, Zhang L, Ma M, Keshavarzi M. Effects of MicroRNAs and Long Non-coding RNAs on Beneficial Action of Exercise on Cognition in Degenerative Diseases: A Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04292-4. [PMID: 38869810 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has exposed a growing body of proof underscoring the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in maintaining the physical composition of neurons and influencing cognitive functioning in both standard and atypical circumstances. Extensive research has been conducted on the possible application of miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers for various diseases, with a particular focus on brain disorders, as they possess remarkable durability in cell-free surroundings and can endure repeated freezing and thawing processes. It is intriguing to note that miRNAs and lncRNAs have the ability to function through paracrine mechanisms, thereby playing a role in communication between different organs. Recent research has proposed that the improvement of cognitive abilities through physical exercise in mentally healthy individuals is a valuable method for uncovering potential connections between miRNAs, or microRNAs, and lncRNAs, and human cognitive function. The process of cross-correlating data from disease models and patients with existing data will be crucial in identifying essential miRNAs and lncRNAs, which can potentially act as biomarkers or drug targets in the treatment of cognitive disorders. By combining this method with additional research in animal models, we can determine the function of these molecules and their potential impact on therapy. This article discusses the latest research about the primary miRNAs, lncRNAs, and their exosomes that are affected by physical activity in terms of human cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Han
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang International Studies University, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Capital University Of Physical Education And Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Minhang Ma
- Department of Physical Education, Zhejiang International Studies University, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Kulthanaamondhita P, Kornsuthisopon C, Chansaenroj A, Trachoo V, Manokawinchoke J, Samaranayake L, Srithanyarat SS, Osathanon T. MicroRNA expression in JAG1/Notch-activated periodontal ligament stem cells. BDJ Open 2024; 10:45. [PMID: 38839751 PMCID: PMC11153650 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study explored the expression profile of miRNAs in Notch-activated periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and examined their potential cellular targets. METHODS PDLSCs were cultured and treated with indirect immobilized Jagged1. The miRNA expression profile was examined using NanoString analysis. Bioinformatic analysis was performed together with enrichment, and miRNA expression was evaluated and validated using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS A total of 26 miRNAs were differentially expressed in Jagged1 treated PDLSCs compared with the controls. Pathway analysis revealed that altered miRNAs were significantly associated with the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Target prediction analysis demonstrated that 11,170 genes as predictable targets of these altered miRNAs. Enrichment of predicted target genes revealed that they were related to ErbB, Ras and MAPK signaling pathways and small GTPase transduction. CONCLUSIONS The research concludes that several miRNAs are differentially expressed in jagged-1 treated PDLSCs. In translational terms the differential functionality of these miRNAs offer promise for the development of targeted regenerative materials that are necessary for managing lost tissue replacement in periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promphakkon Kulthanaamondhita
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ajjima Chansaenroj
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapat Trachoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jeeranan Manokawinchoke
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lakshman Samaranayake
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, 34, Hospital Road, Hong Kong
- Dean Office and Office of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supreda Suphanantachat Srithanyarat
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Periodontology and Dental Implants, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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He L, Zhang H, Zhao N, Liao L. A novel approach in biomedical engineering: The use of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel encapsulating human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for enhanced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132116. [PMID: 38723803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Developing effective methods for alveolar bone defect regeneration is a significant challenge in orthopedics. Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSC-Exos) have shown potential in bone repair but face limitations due to undefined application methods and mechanisms. To address this, HUMSC-Exos were encapsulated in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel (Exo@PVA) to create a novel material for alveolar bone repair. This combination enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) more effectively than Exos alone. Additionally, Exo@PVA significantly improved alveolar bone regeneration and defect repair in rats. The microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) in Exo@PVA, identified through the GEO database and analyzed via in silico methods, played a crucial role. miR-21-5p promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting WWP1-mediated KLF5 ubiquitination and enhanced HUVEC angiogenesis by targeting ATP2B4. These findings underscore the potential of an Exo-based approach with PVA hydrogel scaffolds for bone defect repair, operating through the miR-21-5p/WWP1/ATP2B4 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong He
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Ningbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Lifan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China; Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, PR China.
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4
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Chen J, Su C, Ma Z, Ou X, Zhan M, Hu J. Aerobic exercise suppresses cognitive injury in patients with Alzheimer's disease by regulating long non-coding RNA TUG1. Neurosci Lett 2024; 826:137732. [PMID: 38490634 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary reason for disability of the elderly. This article studied the diagnostic possibility of TUG1 and its potential mechanism in the regulation of aerobic exercise (AE) on AD. METHODS 77 AD patients undertook a three-month-long cycling exercise, and 77 healthy controls were recruited. Polymerase Chain Reaction amplification was applied to assess the expression of TUG1 and miR-129-5p. The diagnostic possibility was manifested by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Spearman correlation analyzed the interrelationships between TUG1 and AD. In vivo, the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse models of AD were included for rescue experiments. Morris water maze (MWM) was performed to assess cognitive function of AD mice. RESULTS The content of TUG1 was ascended in AD patients and was diminished after AE. The increase of TUG1 indicated the high risk of the occurrence of AD. TUG1 was closely connected to the cognitive assessment tools of AD patients. The TUG1/ miR-129-5p axis was the regulator of the regulation of AE in AD mice. CONCLUSION TUG1 was involved in AD development and targeted miR-129-5p to participate in the regulation of AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Xuzhou Rehabilitation Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caixia Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhezhe Ma
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Xuzhou Rehabilitation Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiangling Ou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Minmin Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiangbo Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
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Elia R, Piva G, Bulighin F, Lamberti N, Manfredini F, Gambaro G, Di Maria A, Salvagno G, Carbonare LGD, Storari A, Valenti MT, Battaglia Y. The Impact of Physical Exercise on microRNAs in Hemodialysis Patients: A Review and a Protocol for an Ancillary Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:468. [PMID: 38398071 PMCID: PMC10886953 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is considered a significant risk factor for mortality and morbidity among chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Therefore, physical exercise is recommended in the treatment of HD patients. Although the beneficial effects of physical exercise in HD patients are well-described in the literature, the underlying physiological mechanisms still need to be fully understood. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential mediators of the therapeutic effects of physical exercise in healthy individuals. miRNAs are short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs involved in gene expression regulation. Specifically, upon forming the RNA-induced silencing complex, miRNAs selectively bind to specific miRNAs within cells, reducing gene expression. miRNAs can be secreted by cells in an accessible form or enclosed within exosomes or extracellular vesicles. They can be detected in various body fluids, including serum (circulating miRNAs), facilitating the study of their diverse expression. Currently, there is no available data regarding the impact of physical exercise on the expression of miRNAs involved in osteogenic differentiation, a fundamental mechanism in the development of vascular calcification, for HD patients. Therefore, we have designed an observational and longitudinal case-control study to evaluate the expression of miR-9 and miR-30b in HD patients participating in a 3-month interdialytic physical exercise program. This paper aims to present the study protocol and review the expression of circulating miRNAs in HD patients and their modulation through physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Elia
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Piva
- PhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Francesca Bulighin
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (N.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Maria
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Gianluca Salvagno
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Luca Giuseppe Dalle Carbonare
- Internal Medicine, Section D, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (L.G.D.C.); (M.T.V.)
| | - Alda Storari
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy; (A.D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Internal Medicine, Section D, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (L.G.D.C.); (M.T.V.)
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, 37019 Peschiera del Garda, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
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Zhang R, Liu S, Mousavi SM. Cognitive Dysfunction and Exercise: From Epigenetic to Genetic Molecular Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03970-7. [PMID: 38286967 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining good health is crucial, and exercise plays a vital role in achieving this goal. It offers a range of positive benefits for cognitive function, regardless of age. However, as our population ages and life expectancy increases, cognitive impairment has become a prevalent issue, often coexisting with age-related neurodegenerative conditions. This can result in devastating consequences such as memory loss, difficulty speaking, and confusion, greatly hindering one's ability to lead an ordinary life. In addition, the decrease in mental capacity has a significant effect on an individual's physical and emotional well-being, greatly reducing their overall level of contentment and causing a significant financial burden for communities. While most current approaches aim to slow the decline of cognition, exercise offers a non-pharmacological, safe, and accessible solution. Its effects on cognition are intricate and involve changes in the brain's neural plasticity, mitochondrial stability, and energy metabolism. Moreover, exercise triggers the release of cytokines, playing a significant role in the body-brain connection and its impact on cognition. Additionally, exercise can influence gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms, leading to lasting improvements in brain function and behavior. Herein, we summarized various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that can be modulated by exercise in cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Luliang University, Lishi, 033000, Shanxi, China.
| | - Shangwu Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Luliang University, Lishi, 033000, Shanxi, China
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7
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Feng Y, Huo Q, Li BY, Yokota H. Unveiling the Dichotomy of Urinary Proteins: Diagnostic Insights into Breast and Prostate Cancer and Their Roles. Proteomes 2023; 12:1. [PMID: 38250812 PMCID: PMC10801584 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This review covers the diagnostic potential of urinary biomarkers, shedding light on their linkage to cancer progression. Urinary biomarkers offer non-invasive avenues for detecting cancers, potentially bypassing the invasiveness of biopsies. The investigation focuses primarily on breast and prostate cancers due to their prevalence among women and men, respectively. The intricate interplay of urinary proteins is explored, revealing a landscape where proteins exhibit context-dependent behaviors. The review highlights the potential impact of physical activity on urinary proteins, suggesting its influence on tumorigenic behaviors. Exercise-conditioned urine may emerge as a potential diagnostic biomarker source. Furthermore, treatment effects, notably after lumpectomy and prostatectomy, induce shifts in the urinary proteome, indicating therapeutic impacts rather than activating oncogenic signaling. The review suggests further investigations into the double-sided, context-dependent nature of urinary proteins, the potential role of post-translational modifications (PTM), and the integration of non-protein markers like mRNA and metabolites. It also discusses a linkage of urinary proteomes with secretomes from induced tumor-suppressing cells (iTSCs). Despite challenges like cancer heterogeneity and sample variability due to age, diet, and comorbidities, harnessing urinary proteins and proteoforms may hold promise for advancing our understanding of cancer progressions, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic role of urinary proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China;
| | - Qingji Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China;
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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8
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Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Jin X, Zhang Y, Song J, Wu Z, Li Y, Yi J, Wang D, Hu M. Chroogomphus rutilus Regulates Bone Metabolism to Prevent Periodontal Bone Loss during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Osteoporotic Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:4906. [PMID: 38068764 PMCID: PMC10708235 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) leads to the acceleration of tooth movement and aggravation of periodontal bone loss during orthodontic treatment. Chroogomphus rutilus (CR) is abundant in nutrients and demonstrates remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, the components of CR, including 35.00% total sugar, 0.69% reducing sugar, 14.40% crude protein, 7.30% total ash, 6.10% crude fat, 0.51% total flavonoids, 1.94% total triterpenoids, 0.32% total sterol, 1.30% total saponins, 1.69% total alkaloids, and 1.02% total phenol, were first systematically examined, followed by an investigation into its regulatory effects on bone metabolism in order to mitigate bone loss during orthodontic tooth movement in osteoporotic rats. The results of the imaging tests revealed that CR treatment reduced periodontal bone loss and normalized tooth movement in the OP. In conjunction with analyses of intestinal flora and metabolomics, CR enhances the prevalence of anti-inflammatory genera while reducing the production of inflammatory metabolites. Meanwhile, CR reduced the levels of periodontal inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and promoted periodontal bone formation. These findings imply that CR is a potent supplementary therapy for controlling periodontal bone remodeling in patients with OP undergoing orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.Z.); (X.J.)
| | - Xinghui Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.Z.); (X.J.)
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Jiyu Song
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhina Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China
| | | | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.Z.); (X.J.)
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (Y.Z.); (J.S.); (Z.W.); (Y.L.)
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China
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Jing J, Zhang S, Wei J, Yang Y, Zheng Q, Zhu C, Li S, Cao H, Fang F, Liu Y, Ling YH. MiR-188-5p regulates the proliferation and differentiation of goat skeletal muscle satellite cells by targeting calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1775-1784. [PMID: 37402449 PMCID: PMC10623032 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to reveal the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-188-5p in the proliferation and differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells. METHODS Goat skeletal muscle satellite cells isolated in the pre-laboratory were used as the test material. First, the expression of miR-188-5p in goat muscle tissues at different developmental stages was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In addition, miR-188-5p was transfected into goat skeletal muscle satellite cells by constructing mimics and inhibitors of miR-188-5p, respectively. The changes of differentiation marker gene expression were detected by qPCR method. RESULTS It was highly expressed in adult goat latissimus dorsi and leg muscles, goat fetal skeletal muscle, and at the differentiation stage of muscle satellite cells. Overexpression and interference of miR-188-5p showed that miR-188-5p inhibited the proliferation and promoted the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells. Target gene prediction and dual luciferase assays showed that miR-188-5p could target the 3'untranslated region of the calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta (CAMK2B) gene and inhibit luciferase activity. Further functional studies revealed that CAMK2B promoted the proliferation and inhibited the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells, whereas si-CAMK2B restored the function of miR-188-5p inhibitor. CONCLUSION These results suggest that miR-188-5p inhibits the proliferation and promotes the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells by targeting CAMK2B. This study will provide a theoretical reference for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle development in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Sihuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Jinbo Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Qi Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Cuiyun Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Hongguo Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Fugui Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui Province 236041,
China
| | - Ying-hui Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,
China
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui Province 236041,
China
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10
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Jankowski M, Farzaneh M, Ghaedrahmati F, Shirvaliloo M, Moalemnia A, Kulus M, Ziemak H, Chwarzyński M, Dzięgiel P, Zabel M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Bukowska D, Antosik P, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B. Unveiling Mesenchymal Stem Cells' Regenerative Potential in Clinical Applications: Insights in miRNA and lncRNA Implications. Cells 2023; 12:2559. [PMID: 37947637 PMCID: PMC10649218 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now widely recognized that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the capacity to differentiate into a wide array of cell types. Numerous studies have identified the role of lncRNA in the regulation of MSC differentiation. It is important to elucidate the role and interplay of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of signalling pathways that govern MSC function. Furthermore, miRNAs and lncRNAs are important clinical for innovative strategies aimed at addressing a wide spectrum of existing and emerging disease. Hence it is important to consider their impact on MSC function and differentiation. Examining the data available in public databases, we have collected the literature containing the latest discoveries pertaining to human stem cells and their potential in both fundamental research and clinical applications. Furthermore, we have compiled completed clinical studies that revolve around the application of MSCs, shedding light on the opportunities presented by harnessing the regulatory potential of miRNAs and lncRNAs. This exploration of the therapeutic possibilities offered by miRNAs and lncRNAs within MSCs unveils exciting prospects for the development of precision therapies and personalized treatment approaches. Ultimately, these advancements promise to augment the efficacy of regenerative strategies and produce positive outcomes for patients. As research in this field continues to evolve, it is imperative to explore and exploit the vast potential of miRNAs and lncRNAs as therapeutic agents. The findings provide a solid basis for ongoing investigations, fuelling the quest to fully unlock the regenerative potential of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Milad Shirvaliloo
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Future Science Group, Unitec House, 2 Albert Place, London N3 1QB, UK
| | - Arash Moalemnia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Ziemak
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Chwarzyński
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, 50-038 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27613, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27613, USA
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Gao H, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Wang Z, Yan K, Gao B, Zhang L. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Multiple Exercise-Regulated Bone Homeostasis. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1555-1582. [PMID: 37196112 PMCID: PMC10529750 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a tissue that is active throughout the lifespan, and its physiological activities, such as growth, development, absorption, and formation, are always ongoing. All types of stimulation that occur in sports play an important role in regulating the physiological activities of bone. Here, we track the latest research progress locally and abroad, summarize the recent, relevant research results, and systematically summarize the effects of different types of exercise on bone mass, bone strength and bone metabolism. We found that different types of exercise have different effects on bone health due to their unique technical characteristics. Oxidative stress is an important mechanism mediating the exercise regulation of bone homeostasis. Excessive high-intensity exercise does not benefit bone health but induces a high level of oxidative stress in the body, which has a negative impact on bone tissue. Regular moderate exercise can improve the body's antioxidant defense ability, inhibit an excessive oxidative stress response, promote the positive balance of bone metabolism, delay age-related bone loss and deterioration of bone microstructures and have a prevention and treatment effect on osteoporosis caused by many factors. Based on the above findings, we provide evidence for the role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of bone diseases. This study provides a systematic basis for clinicians and professionals to reasonably formulate exercise prescriptions and provides exercise guidance for patients and the general public. This study also provides a reference for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Gao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilong Zhao
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhikun Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Yan
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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12
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Zheng MH, Shan SK, Lin X, Xu F, Wu F, Guo B, Li FXZ, Zhou ZA, Wang Y, Lei LM, Tang KX, Duan JY, Wu YY, Cao YC, Liao XB, Yuan LQ. Vascular wall microenvironment: exosomes secreted by adventitial fibroblasts induced vascular calcification. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:315. [PMID: 37667298 PMCID: PMC10478424 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification often occurs in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), which significantly increases the incidence of cardiovascular events in CRF patients. Our previous studies identified the crosstalk between the endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the paracrine effect of VSMCs, which regulate the calcification of VSMCs. Herein, we aim to investigate the effects of exosomes secreted by high phosphorus (HPi) -induced adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) on the calcification of VSMCs and the underlying mechanism, which will further elucidate the important role of AFs in high phosphorus vascular wall microenvironment. The conditioned medium of HPi-induced AFs promotes the calcification of VSMCs, which is partially abrogated by GW4869, a blocker of exosomes biogenesis or release. Exosomes secreted by high phosphorus-induced AFs (AFsHPi-Exos) show similar effects on VSMCs. miR-21-5p is enriched in AFsHPi-Exos, and miR-21-5p enhances osteoblast-like differentiation of VSMCs by downregulating cysteine-rich motor neuron 1 (Crim1) expression. AFsHPi-Exos and exosomes secreted by AFs with overexpression of miR-21-5p (AFsmiR21M-Exos) significantly accelerate vascular calcification in CRF mice. In general, AFsHPi-Exos promote the calcification of VSMCs and vascular calcification by delivering miR-21-5p to VSMCs and subsequently inhibiting the expression of Crim1. Combined with our previous studies, the present experiment supports the theory of vascular wall microenvironment.
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Grants
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81770881, 81870623, 82100494, 82100944 and 82070910 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2020SK2078 Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province
- 2021JJ40842 Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province
- Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Zheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Bei Guo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhi-Ang Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jia-Yue Duan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Ye-Chi Cao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
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13
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Proia P, Rossi C, Alioto A, Amato A, Polizzotto C, Pagliaro A, Kuliś S, Baldassano S. MiRNAs Expression Modulates Osteogenesis in Response to Exercise and Nutrition. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1667. [PMID: 37761807 PMCID: PMC10529960 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many articles have been published describing the impact of physical activity and diet on bone health. This review has aimed to figure out the possible epigenetic mechanisms that influence bone metabolism. Many studies highlighted the effects of macro and micronutrients combined with exercise on the regulation of gene expression through miRs. The present review will describe how physical activity and nutrition can prevent abnormal epigenetic regulation that otherwise could lead to bone-metabolism-related diseases, the most significant of which is osteoporosis. Nowadays, it is known that this effect can be carried out not only by endogenously produced miRs, but also through those intakes through the diet. Indeed, they have also been found in the transcriptome of animals and plants, and it is possible to hypothesise an interaction between miRNAs produced by different kingdoms and epigenetic influences on human gene expression. In particular, the key to the activation pathways triggered by diet and physical activity appears to be the activation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), the expression of which is regulated by several miRs. Among the main miRs involved are exercise-induced miR21 and 21-5p, and food-induced miR 221-3p and 222-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Proia
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.R.); (A.A.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Carlo Rossi
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.R.); (A.A.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
- Centro Medico di Fisioterapia “Villa Sarina”, 91011 Alcamo, Italy
| | - Anna Alioto
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.R.); (A.A.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Caterina Polizzotto
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.R.); (A.A.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Pagliaro
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.R.); (A.A.); (C.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Szymon Kuliś
- Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Sara Baldassano
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
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14
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Dalle Carbonare L, Minoia A, Zouari S, Piritore FC, Vareschi A, Romanelli MG, Valenti MT. Crosstalk between Bone and Muscles during Physical Activity. Cells 2023; 12:2088. [PMID: 37626898 PMCID: PMC10453939 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-muscle crosstalk is enabled thanks to the integration of different molecular signals, and it is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of skeletal and muscle tissue. Both the skeletal system and the muscular system perform endocrine activity by producing osteokines and myokines, respectively. These cytokines play a pivotal role in facilitating bone-muscle crosstalk. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted the role of non-coding RNAs in promoting crosstalk between bone and muscle in physiological or pathological conditions. Therefore, positive stimuli or pathologies that target one of the two systems can affect the other system as well, emphasizing the reciprocal influence of bone and muscle. Lifestyle and in particular physical activity influence both the bone and the muscular apparatus by acting on the single system but also by enhancing its crosstalk. Several studies have in fact demonstrated the modulation of circulating molecular factors during physical activity. These molecules are often produced by bone or muscle and are capable of activating signaling pathways involved in bone-muscle crosstalk but also of modulating the response of other cell types. Therefore, in this review we will discuss the effects of physical activity on bone and muscle cells, with particular reference to the biomolecular mechanisms that regulate their cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Arianna Minoia
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Sharazed Zouari
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Francesca Cristiana Piritore
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Anna Vareschi
- Department of Engineering for Innovative Medicine, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (L.D.C.); (A.M.); (S.Z.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; (F.C.P.); (M.G.R.)
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15
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Loh HY, Norman BP, Lai KS, Cheng WH, Nik Abd Rahman NMA, Mohamed Alitheen NB, Osman MA. Post-Transcriptional Regulatory Crosstalk between MicroRNAs and Canonical TGF-β/BMP Signalling Cascades on Osteoblast Lineage: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076423. [PMID: 37047394 PMCID: PMC10094338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small, single-stranded, and non-protein coding RNAs about 19 to 22 nucleotides in length, that have been reported to have important roles in the control of bone development. MiRNAs have a strong influence on osteoblast differentiation through stages of lineage commitment and maturation, as well as via controlling the activities of osteogenic signal transduction pathways. Generally, miRNAs may modulate cell stemness, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis by binding the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of the target genes, which then can subsequently undergo messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or protein translational repression. MiRNAs manage the gene expression in osteogenic differentiation by regulating multiple signalling cascades and essential transcription factors, including the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/bone morphogenic protein (BMP), Wingless/Int-1(Wnt)/β-catenin, Notch, and Hedgehog signalling pathways; the Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2); and osterix (Osx). This shows that miRNAs are essential in regulating diverse osteoblast cell functions. TGF-βs and BMPs transduce signals and exert diverse functions in osteoblastogenesis, skeletal development and bone formation, bone homeostasis, and diseases. Herein, we highlighted the current state of in vitro and in vivo research describing miRNA regulation on the canonical TGF-β/BMP signalling, their effects on osteoblast linage, and understand their mechanism of action for the development of possible therapeutics. In this review, particular attention and comprehensive database searches are focused on related works published between the years 2000 to 2022, using the resources from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Loh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Brendan P Norman
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wan-Hee Cheng
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Mohamed Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azuraidi Osman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Wang T, Zhao H, Jing S, Fan Y, Sheng G, Ding Q, Liu C, Wu H, Liu Y. Magnetofection of miR-21 promoted by electromagnetic field and iron oxide nanoparticles via the p38 MAPK pathway contributes to osteogenesis and angiogenesis for intervertebral fusion. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:27. [PMID: 36694219 PMCID: PMC9875474 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetofection-mediated gene delivery shows great therapeutic potential through the regulation of the direction and degree of differentiation. Lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a serious global orthopaedic problem. However, even though intervertebral fusion is the gold standard for the treatment of DDD, its therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory. Here, we described a novel magnetofection system for delivering therapeutic miRNAs to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis in patients with lumbar DDD. RESULTS Co-stimulation with electromagnetic field (EMF) and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) enhanced magnetofection efficiency significantly. Moreover, in vitro, magnetofection of miR-21 into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) influenced their cellular behaviour and promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Then, gene-edited seed cells were planted onto polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds (PCL/HA scaffolds) and evolved into the ideal tissue-engineered bone to promote intervertebral fusion. Finally, our results showed that EMF and polyethyleneimine (PEI)@IONPs were enhancing transfection efficiency by activating the p38 MAPK pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings illustrate that a magnetofection system for delivering miR-21 into BMSCs and HUVECs promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and that magnetofection transfection efficiency improved significantly under the co-stimulation of EMF and IONPs. Moreover, it relied on the activation of p38 MAPK pathway. This magnetofection system could be a promising therapeutic approach for various orthopaedic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Wang
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Hongqi Zhao
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Shaoze Jing
- grid.470966.aThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Yang Fan
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Gaohong Sheng
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Qing Ding
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Hua Wu
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yang Liu
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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17
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Chen X, Xie K, Sun X, Zhang C, He H. The Mechanism of miR-21-5p/TSP-1-Mediating Exercise on the Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Aged Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1255. [PMID: 36674009 PMCID: PMC9858635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The declined function of peripheral circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in aging individuals resulted in decreased endothelial cell regeneration and vascular endothelial function. Improving EPCs function in aging individuals plays an important role in preventing cardiovascular diseases. (2) Methods: Thirty aged (18-month-old) male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and exercise groups. An aerobic exercise intervention was performed 5 days/week for 8 weeks. EPCs functions, miR-21-5p, and TSP-1 expressions were detected after the intervention. The senescence rate, proliferation, and migration of EPCs were examined after overexpression of miR-21-5p and inhibition of TSP-1 expression. (3) Results: The senescence rate, proliferation, and migration of EPCs in exercise groups were significantly improved after exercise intervention. The miR-21-5p expression was increased and the TSP-1 mRNA expression was decreased in the EPCs after the intervention. miR-21-5p overexpression can improve EPCs function and inhibit TSP-1 expression but has no effect on senescence rate. Inhibition of TSP-1 expression could improve the function and reduce the senescence rate. (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that long-term aerobic exercise can improve the functions of EPCs in aging individuals by downregulating TSP-1 expression via miR-21-5p, which reveals the mechanism of exercise in improving cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Chen
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kejia Xie
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinzheng Sun
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chengzhu Zhang
- School of Sports Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui He
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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Deng L, Li X, Ren X, Lai S, Zhu Y, Li J, Huang H, Mu Y. A grooved porous hydroxyapatite scaffold induces osteogenic differentiation via regulation of PKA activity by upregulating miR-129-5p expression. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:1238-1255. [PMID: 36222334 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hydroxyapatite scaffolds with different morphologies have been widely used in bone tissue engineering. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to be extensively involved in regulating bone regeneration. We developed grooved porous hydroxyapatite (HAG) scaffolds with good osteogenic efficiency. However, little is known about the role of miRNAs in HAG scaffold-mediated promotion of bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to reveal the mechanism from the perspective of differential miRNA expression. METHODS Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to perform the coculture of cells and scaffolds. The miRNA profiles were generated by a microarray assay. A synthetic miR-129-5p mimic and inhibitor were used for overexpression or inhibition. The expression of osteogenic marker mRNAs and proteins was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. An ALP activity kit and alizarin red staining (ARS) were used to measure ALP activity and mineral deposition formation. Cell migration ability was examined by wound healing and transwell assays. Protein kinase A (PKA) activity was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after miR-129-5p transfection. Target genes were identified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. H89 preculture evaluated the cross talk between miR-129-5p and PKA activity. Heterotopic implantation models, hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry staining, and micro-CT were used to evaluate miR-129-5p osteogenesis in vivo. RESULTS miRNAs were differentially expressed during osteogenic differentiation induced by HAG in vitro and in vivo. miR-129-5p was the only highly expressed miRNA both in vitro and in vivo. miR-129-5p overexpression promoted osteoblast differentiation and cell migration, while its inhibition weakened the effect of HAG. Moreover, miR-129-5p activated PKA to regulate the phosphorylation of β-catenin and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) by inhibiting cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha (Pkia). H89 prevented the effects of miR-129-5p on osteogenic differentiation and cell migration. HE, immunohistochemistry staining and micro-CT results showed that miR-129-5p promoted in vivo osteogenesis of the HAG scaffold. CONCLUSION The HAG scaffold activates Pka by upregulating miR-129-5p and inhibiting Pkia, resulting in CREB-dependent transcriptional activation and accumulation of β-catenin and promoting osteogenic marker expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xinlun Li
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Ren
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Lai
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushu Zhu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yandong Mu
- Stomatology Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Valenti MT, Braggio M, Minoia A, Dorelli G, Bertacco J, Bertoldo F, Cominacini M, De Simone T, Romanelli MG, Bhandary L, Mottes M, Dalle Carbonare L. Effects of a 4400 km ultra-cycling non-competitive race and related training on body composition and circulating progenitors differentiation. Lab Invest 2022; 20:397. [PMID: 36058924 PMCID: PMC9441096 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background NorthCape4000 (NC4000) is the most participated ultra-endurance cycling race. Eight healthy male Caucasian amateur cyclists were evaluated: (a) before starting the preparation period; (b) in the week preceding NC4000 (after the training period); (c) after NC4000 race, with the aim to identify the effects of ultra-cycling on body composition, aerobic capacity and biochemical parameters as well as on the differentiation of progenitor cells. Methods Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) assessed body composition; cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) evaluated aerobic capacity. Differentiation of circulating progenitor cells was evaluated by analyzing the modulation in the expression of relevant transcription factors. In addition, in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effects of sera of NC4000 participants on adipogenesis and myogenesis. The effects of NC4000 sera on Sestrins and Sirtuin modulation and the promotion of brown adipogenesis in progenitor cells was investigated as well. Two-tailed Student’s paired-test was used to perform statistical analyses. Results We observed fat mass decrease after training as well as after NC4000 performance; we also recorded that vitamin D and lipid profiles were affected by ultra-cycling. In addition, our findings demonstrated that post-NC4000 participant’s pooled sera exerted a positive effect in stimulating myogenesis and in inducing brown adipogenesis in progenitor cells. Conclusions The training program and Ultra-cycling lead to beneficial effects on body composition and biochemical lipid parameters, as well as changes in differentiation of progenitor cells, with significant increases in brown adipogenesis and in MYOD levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Braggio
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Arianna Minoia
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Dorelli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Jessica Bertacco
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertoldo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Mattia Cominacini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Tonia De Simone
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Monica Mottes
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale Scuro, 10, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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20
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Dos Santos JAC, Veras ASC, Batista VRG, Tavares MEA, Correia RR, Suggett CB, Teixeira GR. Physical exercise and the functions of microRNAs. Life Sci 2022; 304:120723. [PMID: 35718233 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control RNA translation and are a class of small, tissue-specific, non-protein-coding RNAs that maintain cellular homeostasis through negative gene regulation. Maintenance of the physiological environment depends on the proper control of miRNA expression, as these molecules influence almost all genetic pathways, from the cell cycle checkpoint to cell proliferation and apoptosis, with a wide range of target genes. Dysregulation of the expression of miRNAs is correlated with several types of diseases, acting as regulators of cardiovascular functions, myogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, hepatic lipogenesis, and important brain functions. miRNAs can be modulated by environmental factors or external stimuli, such as physical exercise, and can eventually induce specific and adjusted changes in the transcriptional response. Physical exercise is used as a preventive and non-pharmacological treatment for many diseases. It is well established that physical exercise promotes various benefits in the human body such as muscle hypertrophy, mental health improvement, cellular apoptosis, weight loss, and inhibition of cell proliferation. This review highlights the current knowledge on the main miRNAs altered by exercise in the skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, bone, adipose tissue, liver, brain, and body fluids. In addition, knowing the modifications induced by miRNAs and relating them to the results of prescribed physical exercise with different protocols and intensities can serve as markers of physical adaptation to training and responses to the effects of physical exercise for some types of chronic diseases. This narrative review consists of randomized exercise training experiments with humans and/or animals, combined with analyses of miRNA modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allice Santos Cruz Veras
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Eduarda Almeida Tavares
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ribeiro Correia
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cara Beth Suggett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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21
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Zhang H, Chen L, Wang Z, Sun Z, Shan Y, Li Q, Qi L, Wang H, Chen Y. Long noncoding RNA KCNQ1OT1 inhibits osteoclast differentiation by regulating the miR-128-3p/NFAT5 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4486-4499. [PMID: 35587369 PMCID: PMC9186780 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs play an important role in regulating osteoclast differentiation. We investigated whether and how potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1), a long noncoding RNA, regulates osteoclast differentiation. We found that the expression of KCNQ1OT1 was downregulated in osteoporotic bone tissue. Then transfection of KCNQ1OT1 overexpression vectors or small interfering RNAs showed that the proliferation, migration, and osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells were inhibited by KCNQ1OT1 upregulation, while they were promoted by KCNQ1OT1 knockdown. Interestingly, we found and confirmed that miR-128-3p was a target of KCNQ1OT1 using online databases, dual luciferase reporter assays and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and that it inhibited the expression of miR-128-3p. Moreover, we confirmed that miR-128-3p directly targeted nuclear factor of activated T cell 5 (NFAT5), a protein that combines with osteoprotegerin and thus regulates osteoclastogenesis with the presence of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand. Furthermore, we demonstrated that both the knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 and the overexpression of miR-128-3p attenuate the expression of NFAT5, while upregulating the osteoclastogenesis markers c-Fos, NFATc1, and Ctsk. The results from overexpression of KCNQ1OT1 and the inhibition of miR-128-3p were contrary to the above. Finally, we found that the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by KCNQ1OT1 overexpression could be rescued using a miR-128-3p mimic, while the enhancement of migration and osteoclast differentiation by si-NFAT5 could be reversed with a miR-128-3p inhibitor. These results suggested that KCNQ1OT1 regulates the osteoclast differentiation via the miR-128-3p/NFAT5 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengshuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Zhenqian Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yu Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Qinghui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Linzeng Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yunzhen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
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22
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Pro-angiognetic and pro-osteogenic effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-21-5p in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:226. [PMID: 35468879 PMCID: PMC9039080 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exos) enhanced new bone formation, coupled with positive effects on osteogenesis and angiogenesis. This study aims to define the role of microRNA (miR)-21-5p delivered by human umbilical MSC-derived Exos (hucMSC-Exos) in the osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We first validated that miR-21-5p expression was downregulated in the cartilage tissues of ONFH patients. Besides, hucMSCs delivered miR-21-5p to hFOB1.19 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through the secreted Exos. Loss- and gain-of-function approaches were performed to clarify the effects of Exo-miR-21-5p, SOX5, and EZH2 on HUVEC angiogenesis and hFOB1.19 cell osteogenesis. It was established that Exo-miR-21-5p augments HUVEC angiogenesis and hFOB1.19 cell osteogenesis in vitro, as reflected by elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition, and increased the expression of osteogenesis-related markers OCN, Runx2 and Collagen I. Mechanistically, miR-21-5p targeted SOX5 and negatively regulated its expression, while SOX5 subsequently promoted the transcription of EZH2. Ectopically expressed SOX5 or EZH2 could counterweigh the effect of Exo-miR-21-5p. Further, hucMSC-Exos containing miR-21-5p repressed the expression of SOX5 and EZH2 and augmented angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo. Altogether, our study uncovered the role of miR-21-5p shuttled by hucMSC-Exos, in promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for ONFH.
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23
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Physical Activity Modulates miRNAs Levels and Enhances MYOD Expression in Myoblasts. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1865-1874. [PMID: 35316486 PMCID: PMC9209351 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells functions are regulated by different factors and non-conding RNAs, such as microRNA. MiRNAsplay an important role in modulating the expression of genes involved in the commitment and differentiation of progenitor cells. MiRNAs are post transcriptional regulators which may be modulated by physical exercise. MiRNAs, by regulating different signaling pathways, play an important role in myogenesis as well as in muscle activity. MiRNAs quantification may be considered for evaluating physical performance or muscle recovery. With the aim to identify specific miRNAs potentially involved in myogenesis and modulated by physical activity, we investigated miRNAs expression following physical performance in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and in sera of half marathon (HM) runnners. The effect of runners sera on Myogenesis in in vitro cellular models was also explored. Therefore, we performed Microarray Analysis and Real Time PCR assays, as well as in vitro cell cultures analysis to investigate myogenic differentiation. Our data demonstrated gender-specific expression patterns of PBMC miRNAs before physical performance. In particular, miR223-3p, miR26b-5p, miR150-5p and miR15-5p expression was higher, while miR7a-5p and miR7i-5p expression was lower in females compared to males. After HM, miR152-3p, miR143-3p, miR27a-3p levels increased while miR30b-3p decreased in both females and males: circulating miRNAs mirrored these modulations. Furthermore, we also observed that the addition of post-HM participants sera to cell cultures exerted a positive effect in stimulating myogenesis. In conclusion, our data suggest that physical activity induces the modulation of myogenesis-associated miRNAs in bothfemales and males, despite the gender-associated different expression of certain miRNAs, Noteworthy, these findings might be useful for evaluating potential targets for microRNA based-therapies in diseases affecting the myogenic stem cells population.
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Modulation of miR-204 Expression during Chondrogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042130. [PMID: 35216245 PMCID: PMC8874780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RUNX2 and SOX9 are two pivotal transcriptional regulators of chondrogenesis. It has been demonstrated that RUNX2 and SOX9 physically interact; RUNX2 transactivation may be inhibited by SOX9. In addition, RUNX2 exerts reciprocal inhibition on SOX9 transactivity. Epigenetic control of gene expression plays a major role in the alternative differentiation fates of stem cells; in particular, it has been reported that SOX9 can promote the expression of miRNA (miR)-204. Our aim was therefore to investigate the miR-204-5p role during chondrogenesis and to identify the relationship between this miR and the transcription factors plus downstream genes involved in chondrogenic commitment and differentiation. To evaluate the role of miR-204 in chondrogenesis, we performed in vitro transfection experiments by using Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). We also evaluated miR-204-5p expression in zebrafish models (adults and larvae). By silencing miR-204 during the early differentiation phase, we observed the upregulation of SOX9 and chondrogenic related genes compared to controls. In addition, we observed the upregulation of COL1A1 (a RUNX2 downstream gene), whereas RUNX2 expression of RUNX2 was slightly affected compared to controls. However, RUNX2 protein levels increased in miR-204-silenced cells. The positive effects of miR204 silencing on osteogenic differentiation were also observed in the intermediate phase of osteogenic differentiation. On the contrary, chondrocytes’ maturation was considerably affected by miR-204 downregulation. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-204 negatively regulates the osteochondrogenic commitment of MSCs, while it positively regulates chondrocytes’ maturation.
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25
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Singleton JR, Foster-Palmer S, Marcus RL. Exercise as Treatment for Neuropathy in the Setting of Diabetes and Prediabetic Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Animal Models and Human Trials. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e230921196752. [PMID: 34561989 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210923125832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral neuropathy is among the most common complications of diabetes, but a phenotypically identical distal sensory predominant, painful axonopathy afflicts patients with prediabetic metabolic syndrome, exemplifying a spectrum of risk and continuity of pathogenesis. No pharmacological treatment convincingly improves neuropathy in the setting of metabolic syndrome, but evolving data suggest that exercise may be a promising alternative. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to review in depth the current literature regarding exercise treatment of metabolic syndrome neuropathy in humans and animal models, highlight the diverse mechanisms by which exercise exerts beneficial effects, and examine adherence limitations, safety aspects, modes and dose of exercise. RESULTS Rodent models that recapitulate the organismal milieu of prediabetic metabolic syndrome and the phenotype of its neuropathy provide a strong platform to dissect exercise effects on neuropathy pathogenesis. In these models, exercise reverses hyperglycemia and consequent oxidative and nitrosative stress, improves microvascular vasoreactivity, enhances axonal transport, ameliorates the lipotoxicity and inflammatory effects of hyperlipidemia and obesity, supports neuronal survival and regeneration following injury, and enhances mitochondrial bioenergetics at the distal axon. Prospective human studies are limited in scale but suggest exercise to improve cutaneous nerve regenerative capacity, neuropathic pain, and task-specific functional performance measures of gait and balance. Like other heath behavioral interventions, the benefits of exercise are limited by patient adherence. CONCLUSION Exercise is an integrative therapy that potently reduces cellular inflammatory state and improves distal axonal oxidative metabolism to ameliorate features of neuropathy in metabolic syndrome. The intensity of exercise need not improve cardinal features of metabolic syndrome, including weight, glucose control, to exert beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin L Marcus
- Department Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, UT, United States
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Papaioannou F, Karatzanos E, Chatziandreou I, Philippou A, Nanas S, Dimopoulos S. Epigenetic effects following acute and chronic exercise in cardiovascular disease: A systematic review. Int J Cardiol 2021; 341:88-95. [PMID: 34339767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute exercise and exercise training may confer epigenetic modifications in healthy subjects. Epigenetic effects after exercise have been showed in patients with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence from available clinical trials that study epigenetic adaptations after exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease. METHODS The search strategy was performed in PubMed and CENTRAL databases on articles published until September 2020. Studies with titles and abstracts relevant to exercise epigenetic modification applied to cardiovascular patients were fully examined. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were utilized for studies screening. Quality assessment with PEDro scale and evaluation by two independent reviewers was performed. RESULTS Of the 1714 articles retrieved, 88 articles were assessed for eligibility criteria and 8 articles matched our search criteria and finally included in the systematic analysis. The acute exercise epigenetic (miRNAs) effects were assessed in three studies and the chronic exercise training effects (miRNAs and DNA methylation) in six studies. The results have shown that there is possibly an acute significant exercise effect on epigenetic targets which is more evident after chronic exercise training. CONCLUSIONS By the present systematic review, we provide preliminary evidence of beneficial epigenetic adaptations following acute and chronic exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease. More controlled studies are needed to confirm such evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foivos Papaioannou
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Karatzanos
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilenia Chatziandreou
- 1(st) Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Serafim Nanas
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Dimopoulos
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Cardiac Surgery ICU, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
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Wei W, Liu C, Yao R, Tan Q, Wang Q, Tian H. miR‑486‑5p suppresses gastric cancer cell growth and migration through downregulation of fibroblast growth factor 9. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:771. [PMID: 34490480 PMCID: PMC8436225 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs serve essential roles in regulating mRNA and protein expression and dysregulation of non-coding RNAs participates in a variety of types of cancer. microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), which are 21–24 nucleotides non-coding RNAs, have been shown to be important for the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, the role of miR-486-5p in GC remains to be elucidated. The present study found that miR-486-5p was downregulated in GC tissues. Comparing with gastric normal cells GES-1, GC cells, including MKN-45, AGS, HGC27 and MKN74, had reduced abundance of miR-486-5p transcript. CCK8 and colony formation assays demonstrated that GC cell growth and proliferation were enhanced by miR-486-5p inhibitors and were suppressed by miR-486-5p mimics. miR-486-5p also suppressed cell cycle process and migration and promoted apoptosis in GC cells, as verified by propidium iodide (PI) staining, Transwell assay and PI/Annexin V staining. miR-486-5p downregulated fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) through combining to its 3′untranslated region. Overexpression of FGF9 accelerated the growth and proliferation of GC cells. The expression of miR-486-5p was negatively associated with FGF9 mRNA expression in GC samples. These results revealed that miR-486-5p was a tumor suppressor in GC. Downregulation of FGF9 contributed to the role of miR-486-5p in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wei
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Rongrong Yao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Qingyun Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Qingdong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154002, P.R. China
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Li Z, Chen Q, Liu J, Du Y. Physical Exercise Ameliorates the Cognitive Function and Attenuates the Neuroinflammation of Alzheimer's Disease via miR-129-5p. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2021; 49:163-169. [PMID: 32434194 DOI: 10.1159/000507285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical exercise has a significant neuroprotective role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of physical exercise by analyzing the role of microRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) in AD mice and patients. METHODS AD mice and patients were treated with 4-week and 3-month physical exercise, respectively. The expression of miR-129-5p was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The Morris water-maze test was used for cognition evaluation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for inflammation analysis. RESULTS In both AD mice and patients, the expression of miR-129-5p was elevated by physical exercise. By in vivoregulation of miR-129-5p, we found that the improved cognitive function and reduced inflammatory responses were reversed by the knockdown of miR-129-5p. In patients with AD, the serum expression of miR-129-5p was further found to be correlated with the serum levels of cognitive function markers and proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION All data indicated that the expression of miR-129-5p in AD mice and patients is significantly upregulated by physical exercise. The knockdown of miR-129-5p can abrogate the neuroprotective effect of exercise on cognition and neuroinflammation in AD mice. This study provides a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of physical exercise in AD, and miR-129-5p may provide a novel therapeutic target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qingzhou People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China,
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miR-129-5p Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs and Bone Regeneration via Repressing Dkk3. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:7435605. [PMID: 34326879 PMCID: PMC8302374 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7435605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in osteogenic differentiation. However, the associated mechanisms remain elusive. This paper is aimed at exploring the role of miR-129-5p in regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation and bone regeneration in vivo and in vitro. Methods BMSCs were transduced by miR-129-5p mimic, miR-129-5p inhibitor, and negative control lentivirus. The ability of BMSC differentiation to osteoblast was tested by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS). The expression of osteogenic genes (Runx2, Bmp2, and OCN) was examined via quantitative RT-PCR and western blot. A mouse model of calvaria defect was investigated by Micro-CT, immunohistochemistry, and histological examination. The luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the binding between Dkk3 and miR-129-5p. For the transfection experiments, lipofectamine 3000 was used to transfect pcDNA-Dkk3 into BMSCs to overexpress Dkk3. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent localization assay were included for exploring the role of Dkk3 and β-catenin. Results miR-129-5p was induced in BMSCs and MSC cell line C3H10T1/2 cells under osteogenic medium. Overexpression of miR-129-5p significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Moreover, BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p mimic exhibited better bone regeneration compared with BMSCs transduced with control counterpart in vivo. Luciferase and western blot data showed that Dickkopf3 (Dkk3) is a target gene of miR-129-5p and the expression of Dkk3 was inhibited in BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p mimic but enhanced in BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p inhibitor. In addition, Dkk3 interacted with β-catenin directly. Conclusions miR-129-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and bone regeneration, and miR-129-5p/Dkk3 axis may be new potential targets for the treatment of bone defect and bone loss.
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Bemben DA, Baker BS, Buchanan SR, Ade CJ. Circulating MiR-21 expression is upregulated after 30 days of head-down tilt bed rest. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1369-1378. [PMID: 33432460 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05805-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Relative expression of miR-21-5p in serum was upregulated in response to 30 days of bed rest, and miRNA fold changes were positively associated with serum calcium changes. INTRODUCTION Circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) have potential as biomarkers of cellular activity, and they may play a role in cell-to-cell communication. The purpose of this study was to examine c-miRNA and bone marker responses to a 30-day six-degree head-down bed rest protocol at an ambient 0.5% CO2. METHODS Eleven participants (6 males/5 females, 25-50 years) had fasting blood draws taken 3 days before and immediately after completing the 30-day bed rest protocol at the Institute for Aerospace Medicine in Germany. Serum relative expression of miRNAs associated with bone function (miR-21-5p, -100-5p, -125b-5p, -126-3p) were analyzed using qPCR, and serum bone markers were quantitated using ELISA. RESULTS Serum bone markers, sclerostin, and calcium significantly increased (p ≤ 0.036), and total hip aBMD significantly decreased (p = 0.003) post bed rest. Serum miR-21-5p relative expression was significantly upregulated (p = 0.018) post bed rest. Fold changes in miR-126-3p (r = 0.82, p = 0.002) and miR-21-5p (r = 0.62, p = 0.042) were positively correlated with absolute change in serum calcium. There were no sex differences in miRNA responses; women had greater percent increases in TRAP5b (37.3% vs. 16.9% p = 0.021) and greater percent decreases in total hip aBMD (- 2.15% vs. - 0.69%, p = 0.034) than men. CONCLUSION c-miR-21-5p has potential as a biomarker of bone resorption and bone loss in an unloading condition. The upregulation of miR-21-5p may reflect an increase in osteoclast activity after bed rest, which is corroborated by the increase in TRAP5b.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Bemben
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, 1401 Asp Avenue, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
| | - B S Baker
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, 1401 Asp Avenue, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - S R Buchanan
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, 1401 Asp Avenue, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78539, USA
| | - C J Ade
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
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Kerschan-Schindl K, Hackl M, Boschitsch E, Föger-Samwald U, Nägele O, Skalicky S, Weigl M, Grillari J, Pietschmann P. Diagnostic Performance of a Panel of miRNAs (OsteomiR) for Osteoporosis in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:725-737. [PMID: 33427926 PMCID: PMC8166674 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A specific signature of 19 circulating miRNAs (osteomiRs) has been reported to be associated with fragility fractures due to postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, it is unknown whether osteoporotic fractures or low BMD phenotypes are independently contributing to changes in osteomiR serum levels. The first aim was to characterize the abundance, sensitivity to hemolysis, and correlation of osteomiR serum levels, the second objective to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of osteomiRs for osteoporosis according to the WHO criteria and on basis of major osteoporotic fracture history. Fifty postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (with or without fragility fracture) and 50 non-osteoporotic women were included in this cross-sectional study. The diagnostic performance of osteomiRs for osteoporosis based on the WHO definition or fracture history was evaluated using multiple logistic regression and receiver-operator curve (AUC) analysis. The osteomiR® signature is composed of four clusters of miRNAs providing good performance for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women defined by WHO criteria (AUC = 0.830) and based on history of major osteoporotic fractures (AUC = 0.834). The classification performance for the WHO criteria and for fracture risk is driven by miR-375 and miR-203a, respectively. OsteomiRs, a signature of 19 emerging miRNA bone biomarkers, are measurable in human serum samples. They constitute a panel of independent bone and muscle biomarkers, which in combination could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kerschan-Schindl
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - M Hackl
- TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Boschitsch
- KLIMAX Menopause and Osteoporosis Clinic, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Föger-Samwald
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Nägele
- KLIMAX Menopause and Osteoporosis Clinic, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - M Weigl
- TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Grillari
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1220, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Pietschmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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de Sire A, Marotta N, Marinaro C, Curci C, Invernizzi M, Ammendolia A. Role of Physical Exercise and Nutraceuticals in Modulating Molecular Pathways of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5722. [PMID: 34072015 PMCID: PMC8198532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and disabling disease that affects millions of patients. Its etiology is largely unknown, but it is most likely multifactorial. OA pathogenesis involves the catabolism of the cartilage extracellular matrix and is supported by inflammatory and oxidative signaling pathways and marked epigenetic changes. To delay OA progression, a wide range of exercise programs and naturally derived compounds have been suggested. This literature review aims to analyze the main signaling pathways and the evidence about the synergistic effects of these two interventions to counter OA. The converging nutrigenomic and physiogenomic intervention could slow down and reduce the complex pathological features of OA. This review provides a comprehensive picture of a possible signaling approach for targeting OA molecular pathways, initiation, and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (C.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Nicola Marotta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (C.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Cinzia Marinaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (C.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Claudio Curci
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, 46100 Mantova, Italy;
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera S.S. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Antonio Ammendolia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (C.M.); (A.A.)
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Qi P, Niu Y, Wang B. MicroRNA-181a/b-1-encapsulated PEG/PLGA nanofibrous scaffold promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5744-5752. [PMID: 33991050 PMCID: PMC8184675 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive nanofibres play a useful role in increasing the efficiency of tissue engineering scaffolds. MicroRNAs (miRs) alone, and in combination with tissue engineering scaffolds, can be effective in treating bone fractures and osteoporosis by regulating many post‐transcriptional cellular pathways. Herein, miR‐181a/b‐1 was incorporated in the electrospun poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofibres (PLGA‐miR). After characterization scaffolds, the osteoinductive capacity of the nanofibres was investigated when adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT‐MSCs) were cultured on the PLGA and PLGA‐miR nanofibres. miR incorporating in the nanofibres has not any significant effect on the size and morphology of the nanofibres, but its biocompatibility was increased significantly compared to the empty nanofibres. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium measures were evaluated as two important osteogenic markers, and the results revealed that the highest measures were observed in the AT‐MSCs cultured on PLGA‐miR nanofibres. Detected ALP activity and calcium measures in miR‐transduced AT‐MSCs cultured on TCPS were also significantly higher than AT‐MSCs cultured on PLGA and TCPS groups. The highest expression levels of bone‐related genes were observed in the AT‐MSCs cultured on PLGA‐miR nanofibres. This improvement in the osteogenic differentiation potential of the AT‐MSCs was also confirmed by evaluating osteopontin protein in the cells cultured on PLGA‐miR. It can be concluded that miR‐181a/b‐1 has a significant impact on the AT‐MSC osteogenic differentiation, and this impact synergistically increased when incorporated in the PLGA nanofibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Qi
- Department of Emergency Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Niu
- Department of Lung Transplantation Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Heart Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Weifang, China
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Wu X, Li Y, Cao Z, Xie Y, Fu C, Chen H. Mechanism of Cyclic Tensile Stress in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 108:640-653. [PMID: 33433643 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) can undergo osteogenic differentiation under induction conditions. Cyclic tensile stress (CTS) can stimulate stem cell osteogenic differentiation. The present study explored the mechanism of CTS in hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation. The hPDLSCs of the 4th passage were selected. hPDLSCs were subjected to CTS with deformation of 10% elongation at 0.5 Hz for 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. ALP activity and staining, ARS staining and detection of expressions of osteogenesis-related genes (RUNX2, OPN, Sp7 and OCN) were used to assess hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation ability. microRNA (miR)-129-5p and BMP2 expression and p-Smad1/5 level were detected under CTS stimulation. The binding relationship between miR-129-5p and BMP2 was predicted and verified. The osteogenic differentiation ability of CTS-treated hPDLSCs was evaluated after intervention of miR-129-5p and BMP2. CTS induced hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation, as manifested by increased ALP activities, osteogenesis-related gene expressions and mineralized nodules, together with positive ALP staining. CTS inhibited miR-129-5p expression, and promoted BMP2 expression and p-Smad1/5 level in hPDLSCs. miR-129-5p targeted BMP2. Overexpressed miR-129-5p or silenced BMP2 prevented hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation ability. We demonstrated that CTS inhibited miR-129-5p expression, and then activated the BMP2/Smad pathway, thereby showing stimulative effects on hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayi Wu
- Zhujiang Newtown Dental Clinic, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.49 Huaxia Road, Guangzhou, 510627, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyuan Cao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyi Xie
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqiang Fu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.56 Lingyuan West Rd, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
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Mazziotta C, Lanzillotti C, Iaquinta MR, Taraballi F, Torreggiani E, Rotondo JC, Otòn-Gonzalez L, Mazzoni E, Frontini F, Bononi I, De Mattei M, Tognon M, Martini F. MicroRNAs Modulate Signaling Pathways in Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2362. [PMID: 33673409 PMCID: PMC7956574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in many adult tissues and they have been closely studied in recent years, especially in view of their potential use for treating diseases and damaged tissues and organs. MSCs are capable of self-replication and differentiation into osteoblasts and are considered an important source of cells in tissue engineering for bone regeneration. Several epigenetic factors are believed to play a role in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides that are able to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis by binding the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs, which can be subsequently degraded or translationally silenced. MiRNAs control gene expression in osteogenic differentiation by regulating two crucial signaling cascades in osteogenesis: the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and the Wingless/Int-1(Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathways. This review provides an overview of the miRNAs involved in osteogenic differentiation and how these miRNAs could regulate the expression of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Carmen Lanzillotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elena Torreggiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Lucia Otòn-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesca Frontini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Ilaria Bononi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Monica De Mattei
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 70, Eliporto Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Chen X, Yang K, Jin X, Meng Z, Liu B, Yu H, Lu P, Wang K, Fan Z, Tang Z, Zhang F, Liu C. Bone Autophagy: A Potential Way of Exercise-Mediated Meg3/P62/Runx2 Pathway to Regulate Bone Formation in T2DM Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2753-2764. [PMID: 34168475 PMCID: PMC8216663 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s299744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meg3 has been shown to attenuate T2DM bone autophagy by activating p62 to inhibit bone formation. However, whether exercise can reverse this process to promote T2DM bone formation and its mechanism remains unknown. METHODS A T2DM mouse model was established by a high-fat diet and STZ injection, and the mice were trained with 8-week HIIT and downhill running exercise. Micro-CT was used to scan the bone microstructure. Bone morphology was observed by HE staining, and the osteoblast (OB) activity in bones was observed by AKP staining. Calcium ion and phosphorus concentration in serum was detected by ELISA; RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA level, and Western blot was used to detect the protein level of related indexes in Meg3/p62/Runx2 pathway. RESULTS The inhibition of bone autophagy, in the bones of T2DM mice, resulted in the degradation of the bone tissue morphology and structure, with the increase of the expressions of Meg3, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, p62 and NF-κB. However, 8-week HIIT and downhill running could reverse this process, especially downhill running, manifested with the up-regulation of miR-16 mRNA level, along with Beclin-1, LC3 II and Runx2 mRNA and protein level. CONCLUSION T2DM leads to pathology in model mice. Eight-week HIIT and downhill running exercise can inhibit Meg3, activate autophagy of osteoblasts and promote bone formation in T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Yang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Jin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xing Jin; Zhaoxiang Meng Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Zhaoxiang Meng
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Zhaoxiang Meng Email
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Lu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangling Fan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziang Tang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengye Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Smith JK. Exercise as an Adjuvant to Cartilage Regeneration Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249471. [PMID: 33322825 PMCID: PMC7763351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides a brief review of the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and the ontogeny of chondrocytes and details how physical exercise improves the health of osteoarthritic joints and enhances the potential of autologous chondrocyte implants, matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implants, and mesenchymal stem cell implants for the successful treatment of damaged articular cartilage and subchondral bone. In response to exercise, articular chondrocytes increase their production of glycosaminoglycans, bone morphogenic proteins, and anti-inflammatory cytokines and decrease their production of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix-degrading metalloproteinases. These changes are associated with improvements in cartilage organization and reductions in cartilage degeneration. Studies in humans indicate that exercise enhances joint recruitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and upregulates their expression of osteogenic and chondrogenic genes, osteogenic microRNAs, and osteogenic growth factors. Rodent experiments demonstrate that exercise enhances the osteogenic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells while diminishing their adipogenic potential, and that exercise done after stem cell implantation may benefit stem cell transplant viability. Physical exercise also exerts a beneficial effect on the skeletal system by decreasing immune cell production of osteoclastogenic cytokines interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ, while increasing their production of antiosteoclastogenic cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β. In conclusion, physical exercise done both by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell donors and recipients and by autologous chondrocyte donor recipients may improve the outcome of osteochondral regeneration therapy and improve skeletal health by downregulating osteoclastogenic cytokine production and upregulating antiosteoclastogenic cytokine production by circulating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kelly Smith
- Departments of Academic Affairs and Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 70300, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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Guo X, Piao H, Zhang Y, Sun P, Yao B. Overexpression of microRNA-129-5p in glioblastoma inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and colony-forming ability by targeting ZFP36L1. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2020; 20:459-470. [PMID: 31999936 PMCID: PMC7664791 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2019.4503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive cancer with a high recurrence rate. The prognosis of GBM patients remains poor, even after standard surgical resection combined with chemoradiotherapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic targets in GBM. In recent years, microRNAs have received considerable attention due to their important role in tumor development and progression. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-129-5p and miR-129-5p/ZFP36L1 axis in GBM tumorigenesis. Analysis of GSE103228 microarray data from the GEO database showed that miR-129-5p was significantly downregulated in GBM vs. normal brain tissues. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of miR-129-5p expression in seven GBM cell lines (LN229, A172, U87, T98G, U251, H4, and LN118) vs. normal human astrocytes (NHA) showed miR-129-5p was significantly downregulated in GBM cells. Overexpression of miR-129-5p in LN229 and A172 cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability. Target Scan analysis identified ZFP36L1 as the target of miR-129-5p. UALCAN dataset analysis found that ZFP36L1 was significantly upregulated in GBM vs. normal brain tissues, and high ZFP36L1 expression was positively associated with poor survival of GBM patients. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ZFP36L1 was significantly upregulated in seven GBM cell lines vs. NHA. Overexpression of miR-129-5p in LN229 and A172 cells significantly inhibited ZFP36L1 mRNA and protein expression, while overexpression of ZFP36L1 in LN229 and A172 cells reversed miR-129-5p-mediated inhibition on GBM tumorigenesis. Our results revealed an important role of miR-129-5p in the negative regulation of ZFP36L1 expression in GBM, suggesting new candidates for targeted therapy in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Peixin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
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Valenti MT, Dalle Carbonare L, Dorelli G, Mottes M. Effects of physical exercise on the prevention of stem cells senescence. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:33-40. [PMID: 31832933 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining wellbeing; physical inactivity, on the contrary, is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most important risk factors for global mortality. During physical exercise different growth factors, cytokines and hormones are released, which affect positively the functions of heart, bone, brain and skeletal muscle. It has been reported that physical activity is able to stimulate tissue remodeling. Therefore, in this scenario, it is important to deepen the topic of physical activity-induced effects on stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Valenti
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Ple Scuro 10, 37100, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Ple Scuro 10, 37100, Verona, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Dorelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Ple Scuro 10, 37100, Verona, Italy
| | - Monica Mottes
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37100, Verona, Italy
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Ma X, Xia W, Zong Y, Jiang C, Shan H, Lin Y, Yin F, Wang N, Zhou L, Wen G, Zhou Z. Tumor necrosis factor-α promotes Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis through downregulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2020; 54:1018-1027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Shi ZL, Zhang H, Fan ZY, Ma W, Song YZ, Li M, Li TQ, Cao SX, Feng GJ. Long noncoding RNA LINC00314 facilitates osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells through the hsa-miR-129-5p/GRM5 axis via the Wnt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:240. [PMID: 32552820 PMCID: PMC7302136 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to the stimulation of osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and the prevention of osteoporosis. Current research aimed to investigate the novel lncRNA and explored the function and molecular mechanism of the LINC00314/miR-129-5p/GRM5 axis in regulating osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. Methods LncRNA and miRNA sequencing was performed in normal and osteogenic differentiation-induced ADSCs (osteogenic group). Abnormally expressed lncRNAs and miRNAs were obtained by the R software and the relative expression of LINC00314, miR-129-5p, and GRM5 during osteogenic induction was measured by RT-PCR. ADSCs were then transfected with pcDNA3.1-sh-LINC00314 and agomiR-129-5p. Alizarin red staining (ARS) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining were performed to identify the mechanism of the LINC00314/miR-129-5p/GRM5 axis in regulating osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. Results LINC00314 was significantly upregulated in the group of osteogenic-induced ADSCs. LINC00314 and GRM5 mimics increased the early and late markers of osteogenic differentiation, which manifest in not only the markedly increased ALP activity but also higher calcium deposition, while miR-129-5p mimic had the opposite effects. LINC00314 directly targeted miR-129-5p through luciferase reporter assay, and miR-129-5p suppressed GRM5 expression. Moreover, the LINC00314/miR-129-5p/GRM5 regulatory axis activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusions LINC00314 confers contributory function in the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs and thus the LINC00314/miR-129-5p/GRM5 axis may be a novel mechanism for osteogenic-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Liang Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong-Zhou Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tong-Qiu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shu-Xing Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guo-Jun Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
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Zhang G, Liu W, Wang R, Zhang Y, Chen L, Chen A, Luo H, Zhong H, Shao L. The Role of Tantalum Nanoparticles in Bone Regeneration Involves the BMP2/Smad4/Runx2 Signaling Pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2419-2435. [PMID: 32368035 PMCID: PMC7174976 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s245174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, nanomaterials have been increasingly developed and applied in the field of bone tissue engineering. However, there are few studies on the induction of bone regeneration by tantalum nanoparticles (Ta NPs) and no reports on the effects of Ta NPs on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the underlying mechanisms. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Ta NPs on bone regeneration and BMSC osteogenic differentiation and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods The effects of Ta NPs on bone regeneration were evaluated in an animal experiment, and the effects of Ta NPs on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated in cell experiments. In the animal experiment, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and hard-tissue section analysis showed that Ta NPs promoted bone regeneration, and immunohistochemistry revealed elevated expression of BMP2 and Smad4 in cells cultured with Ta NPs. Results The results of the cell experiments showed that Ta NPs promoted BMSC proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, BMP2 secretion and extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization, and the expression of related osteogenic genes and proteins (especially BMP2, Smad4 and Runx2) was upregulated under culture with Ta NPs. Smad4 expression, ALP activity, ECM mineralization, and osteogenesis-related gene and protein expression decreased after inhibiting Smad4. Conclusion These data suggest that Ta NPs have an osteogenic effect and induce bone regeneration by activating the BMP2/Smad4/Runx2 signaling pathway, which in turn causes BMSCs to undergo osteogenic differentiation. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of Ta NPs in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruolan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangjiao Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijie Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Luo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
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Molecular and Lifestyle Factors Modulating Obesity Disease. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030046. [PMID: 32121611 PMCID: PMC7148479 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity adversely affects bone health by means of multiple mechanisms, e.g., alterations in bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Substantial evidence supports the relationship between adiposity and bone disorders in overweight/obese individuals. It is well known that the balance between mutually exclusive differentiation of progenitor cells into osteoblasts or adipocytes is controlled by different agents, including growth factors, hormones, genetic and epigenetic factors. Furthermore, an association between vitamin D deficiency and obesity has been reported. On the other hand, regular physical activity plays a key role in weight control, in the reduction of obesity-associated risks and promotes osteogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight relevant cellular and molecular aspects for over-weight containment. In this context, the modulation of progenitor cells during differentiation as well as the role of epigenetics and microbiota in obesity disease will be discussed. Furthermore, lifestyle changes including an optimized diet as well as targeted physical activity will be suggested as strategies for the treatment of obesity disease.
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Li J, Liu L, Zhang J, Cheng L, Ren L, Zhao Y. The expression of miR-129-5p and its target genes in the skin of goats. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 32:573-579. [PMID: 32078403 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1730392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coat color is one of the major quality traits of animals, and miR-129-5p acts as an important regulator for melanin biosynthesis in mammals. In this study, real-time PCR and western blotting were used to examine the expression of miR-129-5p and its targets genes in the skin of different coat color goats. The results showed that the expression of miR-129-5p in the skin samples of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (IMCG) was higher than that of Dazu black goat (DBG). Also, the target genes (tyrosinase (TYR), frizzled 6 (FZD6) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)) of miR-129-5p was highly expressed in the skin samples of DBG. The expression of miR-129-5p firstly increased and then decreased with age in F1 hybrid generation of DBG and IMCG. In addition, the expression of TYR decreased with age, while the expression of MITF increased with age but then decreased. The expression of FZD6 and GSK3β in the skin samples of F1 of different ages were irregular. Our results indicated that miR-129-5p mainly affects the formation of coat color of goats by decreasing the expression of TYR. This study suggests that miR-129-5p can act as a suppressor in the formation of coat color to lay the foundation for studying the effect of miR-129-5p on melanin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lingbin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jipan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lingtong Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yongju Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
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The Role of miR-21 in Osteoblasts-Osteoclasts Coupling In Vitro. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020479. [PMID: 32093031 PMCID: PMC7072787 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-21 is being gradually more and more recognized as a molecule regulating bone tissue homeostasis. However, its function is not fully understood due to the dual role of miR-21 on bone-forming and bone-resorbing cells. In this study, we investigated the impact of miR-21 inhibition on pre-osteoblastic cells differentiation and paracrine signaling towards pre-osteoclasts using indirect co-culture model of mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3) and pre-osteoclast (4B12) cell lines. The inhibition of miR-21 in MC3T3 cells (MC3T3inh21) modulated expression of genes encoding osteogenic markers including collagen type I (Coll-1), osteocalcin (Ocl), osteopontin (Opn), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2). Inhibition of miR-21 in osteogenic cultures of MC3T3 also inflected the synthesis of OPN protein which is essential for proper mineralization of extracellular matrix (ECM) and anchoring osteoclasts to the bones. Furthermore, it was shown that in osteoblasts miR-21 regulates expression of factors that are vital for survival of pre-osteoclast, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). The pre-osteoclast cultured with MC3T3inh21 cells was characterized by lowered expression of several markers associated with osteoclasts' differentiation, foremost tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (Trap) but also receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (Rank), cathepsin K (Ctsk), carbonic anhydrase II (CaII), and matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp-9). Collectively, our data indicate that the inhibition of miR-21 in MC3T3 cells impairs the differentiation and ECM mineralization as well as influences paracrine signaling leading to decreased viability of pre-osteoclasts.
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Increased Gene Expression of RUNX2 and SOX9 in Mesenchymal Circulating Progenitors Is Associated with Autophagy during Physical Activity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8426259. [PMID: 31737174 PMCID: PMC6815530 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8426259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lack of physical exercise is considered an important risk factor for chronic diseases. On the contrary, physical exercise reduces the morbidity rates of obesity, diabetes, bone disease, and hypertension. In order to gain novel molecular and cellular clues, we analyzed the effects of physical exercise on differentiation of mesenchymal circulating progenitor cells (M-CPCs) obtained from runners. We also investigated autophagy and telomerase-related gene expression to evaluate the involvement of specific cellular functions in the differentiation process. We performed cellular and molecular analyses in M-CPCs, obtained by a depletion method, of 22 subjects before (PRE RUN) and after (POST RUN) a half marathon performance. In order to prove our findings, we performed also in vitro analyses by testing the effects of runners' sera on a human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem (hBM-MSC) cell line. PCR array analyses of PRE RUN versus POST RUN M-CPC total RNAs put in evidence several genes which appeared to be modulated by physical activity. Our results showed that physical exercise promotes differentiation. Osteogenesis-related genes as RUNX2, MSX1, and SPP1 appeared to be upregulated after the run; data showed also increased levels of BMP2 and BMP6 expressions. SOX9, COL2A1, and COMP gene enhanced expression suggested the induction of chondrocytic differentiation as well. The expression of telomerase-associated genes and of two autophagy-related genes, ATG3 and ULK1, was also affected and correlated positively with MSC differentiation. These data highlight an attractive cellular scenario, outlining the role of autophagic response to physical exercise and suggesting new insights into the benefits of physical exercise in counteracting chronic degenerative conditions.
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