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Wang Z, Jin X, Huang Y, Wang Y. Research on the Human Motion Recognition Method Based on Wearable. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:337. [PMID: 39056613 PMCID: PMC11275174 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The accurate analysis of human dynamic behavior is very important for overcoming the limitations of movement diversity and behavioral adaptability. In this paper, a wearable device-based human dynamic behavior recognition method is proposed. The method collects acceleration and angular velocity data through a six-axis sensor to identify information containing specific behavior characteristics in a time series. A human movement data acquisition platform, the DMP attitude solution algorithm, and the threshold algorithm are used for processing. In this experiment, ten volunteers wore wearable sensors on their bilateral forearms, upper arms, thighs, calves, and waist, and movement data for standing, walking, and jumping were collected in school corridors and laboratory environments to verify the effectiveness of this wearable human movement recognition method. The results show that the recognition accuracy for standing, walking, and jumping reaches 98.33%, 96.67%, and 94.60%, respectively, and the average recognition rate is 96.53%. Compared with similar methods, this method not only improves the recognition accuracy but also simplifies the recognition algorithm and effectively saves computing resources. This research is expected to provide a new perspective for the recognition of human dynamic behavior and promote the wider application of wearable technology in the field of daily living assistance and health management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xing Jin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China; (Z.W.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
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2
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Yang K, McErlain-Naylor SA, Isaia B, Callaway A, Beeby S. E-Textiles for Sports and Fitness Sensing: Current State, Challenges, and Future Opportunities. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1058. [PMID: 38400216 PMCID: PMC10893116 DOI: 10.3390/s24041058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
E-textiles have emerged as a fast-growing area in wearable technology for sports and fitness due to the soft and comfortable nature of textile materials and the capability for smart functionality to be integrated into familiar sports clothing. This review paper presents the roles of wearable technologies in sport and fitness in monitoring movement and biosignals used to assess performance, reduce injury risk, and motivate training/exercise. The drivers of research in e-textiles are discussed after reviewing existing non-textile and textile-based commercial wearable products. Different sensing components/materials (e.g., inertial measurement units, electrodes for biosignals, piezoresistive sensors), manufacturing processes, and their applications in sports and fitness published in the literature were reviewed and discussed. Finally, the paper presents the current challenges of e-textiles to achieve practical applications at scale and future perspectives in e-textiles research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Winchester School of Art, University of Southampton, Southampton SO23 8DL, UK;
| | | | - Beckie Isaia
- Centre for Flexible Electronics and E-Textiles (C-FLEET), School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
| | - Andrew Callaway
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK;
| | - Steve Beeby
- Centre for Flexible Electronics and E-Textiles (C-FLEET), School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
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3
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Willingham TB, Stowell J, Collier G, Backus D. Leveraging Emerging Technologies to Expand Accessibility and Improve Precision in Rehabilitation and Exercise for People with Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:79. [PMID: 38248542 PMCID: PMC10815484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Physical rehabilitation and exercise training have emerged as promising solutions for improving health, restoring function, and preserving quality of life in populations that face disparate health challenges related to disability. Despite the immense potential for rehabilitation and exercise to help people with disabilities live longer, healthier, and more independent lives, people with disabilities can experience physical, psychosocial, environmental, and economic barriers that limit their ability to participate in rehabilitation, exercise, and other physical activities. Together, these barriers contribute to health inequities in people with disabilities, by disproportionately limiting their ability to participate in health-promoting physical activities, relative to people without disabilities. Therefore, there is great need for research and innovation focusing on the development of strategies to expand accessibility and promote participation in rehabilitation and exercise programs for people with disabilities. Here, we discuss how cutting-edge technologies related to telecommunications, wearables, virtual and augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing are providing new opportunities to improve accessibility in rehabilitation and exercise for people with disabilities. In addition, we highlight new frontiers in digital health technology and emerging lines of scientific research that will shape the future of precision care strategies for people with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Bradley Willingham
- Shepherd Center, Virginia C. Crawford Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA (D.B.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Julie Stowell
- Shepherd Center, Virginia C. Crawford Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA (D.B.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - George Collier
- Shepherd Center, Virginia C. Crawford Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA (D.B.)
| | - Deborah Backus
- Shepherd Center, Virginia C. Crawford Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA (D.B.)
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4
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Thomassin K, McVey Neufeld S, Ansari N, Vogel N. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability of Physiology and Emotion Monitoring in Adults and Children Using the Novel Time2Feel Smartphone Application. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9470. [PMID: 38067844 PMCID: PMC10708754 DOI: 10.3390/s23239470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study tests the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of the novel smartphone application-Time2Feel-to monitor family members' emotional experiences, at the experiential and physiological level, and their context. To our knowledge, Time2Feel is the first of its kind, having the capability to monitor multiple members' emotional experiences simultaneously and survey users' emotional experiences when experiencing an increase in physiological arousal. In this study, a total of 44 parents and children used Time2Feel along with the Empatica E4 wrist-wearable device for 10 days. Engagement rates were within the acceptable range and consistent with previous work using experience sampling methods. Perceived ease of use and satisfaction fell mostly in the moderate range, with users reporting challenges with connectivity. We further discuss how addressing connectivity would increase acceptability. Finally, Time2Feel was successful at identifying physiological deviations in electrodermal activity for parents and children alike, and even though responses to those deviation-generated surveys were largely consistent with random survey responses, some differences were noted for mothers and fathers. We discuss the implications of using Time2Feel for understanding families' emotional and stressful experiences day-to-day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Thomassin
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.M.N.); (N.A.); (N.V.)
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Trabelsi K, BaHammam AS, Chtourou H, Jahrami H, Vitiello MV. The good, the bad, and the ugly of consumer sleep technologies use among athletes: A call for action. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023:S2095-2546(23)00018-2. [PMID: 36868375 PMCID: PMC10362482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Riyadh 2925, Saudi Arabia; The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- Govermental Hospitals, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, USA
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Lopez-Barreiro J, Alvarez-Sabucedo L, Garcia-Soidan JL, Santos-Gago JM. Use of Blockchain Technology in the Domain of Physical Exercise, Physical Activity, Sport, and Active Ageing: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:8129. [PMID: 35805788 PMCID: PMC9265962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Blockchain technology provides a distributed support for information storage and traceability. Recently, it has been booming in a wide variety of domains: finance, food, energy, and health. In the field of physical activity, physical exercise, sport, and active ageing, this technology could also originate some interesting services introducing support for reliable repository of results, for gamification, or for secure data interchange. This systematic review explores the use of blockchain in this context. The objective is to determine to which extent this technology has fulfilled the potential of blockchain to bring these new added-value services. The authors explored 5 repositories in search of papers describing solutions applied to the above-mentioned frame. 17 papers were selected for full-text analysis, and they displayed diverse applications of blockchain, such as Fitness and healthcare, Sport, and Active ageing. A detailed analysis shows that the solutions found do not leverage all the possibilities of blockchain technology. Most of the solutions analyzed use blockchain for managing, sharing, and controlling access to data and do not exploit the possibilities of Smart Contracts or oracles. Additionally, the advantages of the blockchain model have not been fully exploited to engage users using approaches such as gamification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lopez-Barreiro
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Campus A Xunqueira, s/n, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain;
| | - Luis Alvarez-Sabucedo
- AtlanTTic, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo, Maxwell, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.A.-S.); (J.M.S.-G.)
| | - Jose Luis Garcia-Soidan
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Campus A Xunqueira, s/n, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain;
| | - Juan M. Santos-Gago
- AtlanTTic, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo, Maxwell, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.A.-S.); (J.M.S.-G.)
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Rossi A, Pappalardo L, Cintia P. A Narrative Review for a Machine Learning Application in Sports: An Example Based on Injury Forecasting in Soccer. Sports (Basel) 2021; 10:sports10010005. [PMID: 35050970 PMCID: PMC8822889 DOI: 10.3390/sports10010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the number of studies about machine learning algorithms applied to sports, e.g., injury forecasting and athlete performance prediction, have rapidly increased. Due to the number of works and experiments already present in the state-of-the-art regarding machine-learning techniques in sport science, the aim of this narrative review is to provide a guideline describing a correct approach for training, validating, and testing machine learning models to predict events in sports science. The main contribution of this narrative review is to highlight any possible strengths and limitations during all the stages of model development, i.e., training, validation, testing, and interpretation, in order to limit possible errors that could induce misleading results. In particular, this paper shows an example about injury forecaster that provides a description of all the features that could be used to predict injuries, all the possible pre-processing approaches for time series analysis, how to correctly split the dataset to train and test the predictive models, and the importance to explain the decision-making approach of the white and black box models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Rossi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Pappalardo
- Institute of Information Science and Technologies, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paolo Cintia
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
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Fang Z, Mahapatra RP, Selvaraj P. Dynamic data processing system for sports training system using internet of things. Technol Health Care 2021; 29:1305-1318. [PMID: 34092678 DOI: 10.3233/thc-213008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently become a prevalent technological culture in the sports training system. Although numerous technologies have grown in the sports training system domain, IoT plays a substantial role in its optimized health data processing framework for athletes during workouts. OBJECTIVE In this paper, a Dynamic data processing system (DDPS) has been suggested with IoT assistance to explore the conventional design architecture for sports training tracking. METHOD To track and estimate sportspersons physical activity in day-to-day living, a new paradigm has been combined with wearable IoT devices for efficient data processing during physical workouts. Uninterrupted observation and review of different sportspersons condition and operations by DDPS helps to assess the sensed data to analyze the sportspersons health condition. Additionally, Deep Neural Network (DNN) has been presented to extract important sports activity features. RESULTS The numerical results show that the suggested DDPS method enhances the accuracy of 94.3%, an efficiency ratio of 98.2, less delay of 24.6%, error range 28.8%, and energy utilization of 31.2% compared to other existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Fang
- Department of Physical Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rajendra Prasad Mahapatra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Selvaraj
- Department of Information Technology, School of Computing, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
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Clemente FM, Akyildiz Z, Pino-Ortega J, Rico-González M. Validity and Reliability of the Inertial Measurement Unit for Barbell Velocity Assessments: A Systematic Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21072511. [PMID: 33916801 PMCID: PMC8038306 DOI: 10.3390/s21072511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of inertial measurement unit (IMU) has become popular in sports assessment. In the case of velocity-based training (VBT), there is a need to measure barbell velocity in each repetition. The use of IMUs may make the monitoring process easier; however, its validity and reliability should be established. Thus, this systematic review aimed to (1) identify and summarize studies that have examined the validity of wearable wireless IMUs for measuring barbell velocity and (2) identify and summarize studies that have examined the reliability of IMUs for measuring barbell velocity. A systematic review of Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From the 161 studies initially identified, 22 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. Among the eight different IMU models, seven can be considered valid and reliable for measuring barbell velocity. The great majority of IMUs used for measuring barbell velocity in linear trajectories are valid and reliable, and thus can be used by coaches for external load monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Zeki Akyildiz
- Sports Science Department, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara 06500, Turkey;
| | - José Pino-Ortega
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
- BIOVETMED & SPORTSCI Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Markel Rico-González
- BIOVETMED & SPORTSCI Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV-EHU, Lasarte 71, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Xu Z, Yu B, Wang F. Artificial intelligence/machine learning solutions for mobile and wearable devices. Digit Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820077-3.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tanwar G, Chauhan R, Singh M, Singh D. Pre-Emption of Affliction Severity Using HRV Measurements from a Smart Wearable; Case-Study on SARS-Cov-2 Symptoms. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E7068. [PMID: 33321780 PMCID: PMC7764028 DOI: 10.3390/s20247068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Smart wristbands and watches have become an important accessory to fitness, but their application to healthcare is still in a fledgling state. Their long-term wear facilitates extensive data collection and evolving sensitivity of smart wristbands allows them to read various body vitals. In this paper, we hypothesized the use of heart rate variability (HRV) measurements to drive an algorithm that can pre-empt the onset or worsening of an affliction. Due to its significance during the time of the study, SARS-Cov-2 was taken as the case study, and a hidden Markov model (HMM) was trained over its observed symptoms. The data used for the analysis was the outcome of a study hosted by Welltory. It involved the collection of SAR-Cov-2 symptoms and reading of body vitals using Apple Watch, Fitbit, and Garmin smart bands. The internal states of the HMM were made up of the absence and presence of a consistent decline in standard deviation of NN intervals (SSDN), the root mean square of the successive differences (rMSSD) in R-R intervals, and low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and very low frequency (VLF) components of the HRV measurements. The emission probabilities of the trained HMM instance confirmed that the onset or worsening of the symptoms had a higher probability if the HRV components displayed a consistent decline state. The results were further confirmed through the generation of probable hidden states sequences using the Viterbi algorithm. The ability to pre-empt the exigent state of an affliction would not only lower the chances of complications and mortality but may also help in curbing its spread through intelligence-backed decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gatha Tanwar
- Amity Institute of Information Technology, Amity University, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Ritu Chauhan
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Amity University, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Madhusudan Singh
- Endicott College of International Studies, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Korea
| | - Dhananjay Singh
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Seoul, Yongin 17035, Korea
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Lian KY, Hsu WH, Balram D, Lee CY. A Real-Time Wearable Assist System for Upper Extremity Throwing Action Based on Accelerometers. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20051344. [PMID: 32121453 PMCID: PMC7085600 DOI: 10.3390/s20051344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of a real-time wearable assist system for upper extremity throwing action based on the accelerometers of inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors. This real-time assist system can be utilized to the learning, rectification, and rehabilitation for the upper extremity throwing action of players in the field of baseball, where incorrect throwing phases are recognized by a delicate action analysis. The throwing action includes not only the posture characteristics of each phase, but also the transition of continuous posture movements, which is more complex when compared to general action recognition with no continuous phase change. In this work, we have considered six serial phases including wind-up, stride, arm cocking, arm acceleration, arm deceleration, and follow-through in the throwing action recognition process. The continuous movement of each phase of the throwing action is represented by a one-dimensional data sequence after the three-axial acceleration signals are processed by efficient noise filtering based on Kalman filter followed by conversion processes such as leveling and labeling techniques. The longest common subsequence (LCS) method is then used to determine the six serial phases of the throwing action by verifying the sequence data with a sample sequence. We have incorporated various intelligent action recognition functions including automatic recognition for getting ready status, starting movement, handle interrupt situation, and detailed posture transition in the proposed assist system. Moreover, a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel and mobile interface are incorporated into the developed assist system to make it more user-friendly. The real-time system provides precise comments to assist players to attain improved throwing action by analyzing their posture during throwing action. Various experiments were conducted to analyze the efficiency and practicality of the developed assist system as part of this work. We have obtained an average percentage accuracy of 95.14%, 91.42%, and 95.14%, respectively, for all the three users considered in this study. We were able to successfully recognize the throwing action with good precision and the high percentage accuracy exhibited by the proposed assist system indicates its excellent performance.
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