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Kim EJ, Kim DH, Yu RG, Lee YJ, Lee YJ, Im DG, Lee HJ. Oral health of older Koreans by region and family status in 2020-2021. Gerodontology 2023. [PMID: 37965782 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the oral health of older people by region and family status using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey. BACKGROUND As the ageing of Korean society intensifies, health inequalities based on region and family status are also deepening. METHODS Data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2020-2021) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used, and a total of 3437 older people aged 65 or older were selected as study participants. Chewing discomfort and oral health behaviours were assessed by region and family status using multivariable logistic regression analysis with the complex sample survey design. RESULTS We found an association between living alone and greater chewing discomfort. Residing in rural areas was also associated with a higher prevalence of this. In urban areas, chewing discomfort was 1.27 times higher among older people living alone than in those not living alone, while in rural areas, the discomfort was 1.52 times higher among the older people who lived alone. CONCLUSIONS Region and family status were associated with greater chewing discomfort in older people. In Korean society, where the number of single-person older people households is increasing, along with the ageing population, attention to resolving the disparities in oral health in older people is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jeong Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Chungcheong, Korea
| | - Ra-Gyeom Yu
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Chungcheong, Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Chungcheong, Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Chungcheong, Korea
| | - Do-Gyeong Im
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Chungcheong, Korea
| | - Hye-Ju Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Chungcheong, Korea
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Diep MT, Skudutyte-Rysstad R, Sødal ATT, Young A, Hove LH. Caries experience and risk indicators of having decayed teeth among 65-year-olds in Oslo, Norway: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:726. [PMID: 37805466 PMCID: PMC10559471 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting the oral health needs of the increasing population of older adults presents a major challenge in dental care. Knowledge about the oral health status in the young-elderly age group is essential for the planning of future oral health education and prevention programs. The aims of the present study were therefore to investigate the caries experience among 65-year-olds in Oslo, Norway, and to explore associations between having decayed teeth and sociodemographic, behavioural, and biological factors. METHODS A random sample of 65‑year‑olds in Oslo answered a questionnaire and underwent clinical and radiographic examinations (n = 457, 52% men and 48% women) at the Research Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, between February and December 2019. Primary- and secondary coronal and root caries lesions, root remnants, and missing and restored teeth were recorded. Decayed teeth (DT) were defined as teeth with coronal- and root caries lesions that had progressed into dentine and root remnants, and the DMFT/S scores were calculated. RESULTS The mean number of teeth was 25 (SD: 4) and the mean DMFT was 19.4 (SD: 4.7). Thirty seven percent of the individuals had at least one decayed tooth (DT > 0), and the mean number of filled teeth (FT) was 16.1 (SD: 5.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.8), basic level of education (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9), irregular dental attendance (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0-4.8), and hyposalivation (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0-4.4) were significant risk indicators for having decayed teeth (DT > 0) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 65-year-olds in Oslo had a low average number of decayed and missing teeth, and a high number of restored teeth. Irregular dental attendance and hyposalivation were the strongest risk indicators for having decayed teeth. Based on the present results, it will be important to ensure access to regular dental care and to increase the emphasis on caries preventive measures for individuals with hyposalivation in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Tien Diep
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway.
| | - Rasa Skudutyte-Rysstad
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Sørkedalsveien 10A, Oslo, 0369, Norway
| | - Anne Thea Tveit Sødal
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| | - Alix Young
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| | - Lene Hystad Hove
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
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Kan CY, H'ng JX, Goh A, Smales F, Tan EL, Zhang S, Pichika MR, Parolia A. Effect of Sustained Systemic Administration of Ginger (Z officinale) Rhizome Extracts on Salivary Flow in Mice. Int Dent J 2023; 73:63-70. [PMID: 35725589 PMCID: PMC9875258 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of methanol (70% v/v), ethanol (80% v/v), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 100% v/v) extracts of ginger rhizome (GR), and 6-shogaol on the pilocarpine-stimulated salivary flow rate in C57BL/6 mice. METHODS Three extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome prepared by maceration using the respective solvents and 6-shogoal were reconstituted in normal saline with 0.2% DMSO. Thirty C57BL/6 15-week-old mice were divided into 5 groups: Group 1, saline; Group 2, 70% methanol extract; Group 3, 80% ethanol extract; Group 4, 100% DMSO extract; and Group 5, 6-shogaol. The baseline pilocarpine-stimulated salivary flow rate was measured at the age of 15 weeks (15th week), and treatment solutions were administered by intraperitoneal injection from the 16th to 18th week. The stimulated salivary flow rate during treatment weeks was recorded for each group, and its difference with baseline was analysed using paired-sample t test. The change in salivary flow rate between the treatment groups and the control group was analysed using one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 showed a significant increase in salivary flow rate when compared to baseline (P < .05). The increase in salivary flow rate in all 4 treatment groups was significant when compared to the control group (P < .05). Group 4 produced the highest increase in salivary flow rate; however, the differences amongst the treatment groups did not reach statistical significance (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS All GR extracts (70% methanol, 80% ethanol, 100% DMSO) and 6-shogaol were equally effective in increasing the pilocarpine-stimulated salivary flow rate in C57BL/6 mice when administered systemically as a sustained dose for 3 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yu Kan
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jing Xuan H'ng
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Andy Goh
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Frederick Smales
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eng Lai Tan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiming Zhang
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abhishek Parolia
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Yamada R, Tanaka Y, Sugimoto H, Kodama N, Yoshida R, Minagi S. Effect of continuous sweet gustatory stimulation on salivary flow rate over time. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 146:105590. [PMID: 36463789 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine changes in saliva secretion and subjective taste intensity during a sustained period with continuous gustatory stimulation. DESIGN Twenty-two healthy adults participated in this study. The selected taste solutions were aspartame, sucralose, and acesulfame potassium, which are nonnutritive sweeteners. The concentrations of sucralose1 and acesulfame potassium were set to show the same sweetness intensity as aspartame. Sucralose2 was twice the concentration of sucralose1. The solution was continuously fed into the oral cavity at a flow rate of 0.04 mL / min through a neck-worn precise infusion system. The salivary flow rate (g/min) after 10 min of intraoral water supply from the device was used as the baseline. Salivary flow rate, subjective taste intensity evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS), and salivary flow rate relative to the baseline were recorded at 10, 30, 60, and 120 min after the start of the test. RESULTS In the aspartame, sucralose1, and sucralose2 groups, the salivary flow rate increased significantly from 10 min to 120 min after the start of the test when compared to the rate at baseline (p < 0.05). The relative salivary flow rate increased and the VAS value decreased significantly over time and were affected by the time factor (p < 0.001, p = 0.013, respectively) but not by the sweetener-group factor and the interaction effects. CONCLUSIONS Continuous gustatory stimulation may maintain increased salivary production for a sustained period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranko Yamada
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, 700-8525 Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, 700-8525 Okayama, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, 700-8525 Okayama, Japan.
| | - Naoki Kodama
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, 700-8525 Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Yoshida
- Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, 700-8525 Okayama, Japan
| | - Shogo Minagi
- Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, 700-8525 Okayama, Japan
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Memon AB, Rahman AAU, Channar KA, Zafar MS, Kumar N. Evaluating the Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients before and after Treatment Using the OHIP-14 Tool. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031821. [PMID: 35162842 PMCID: PMC8835519 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients before and after standard treatment. A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit the clinically diagnosed patients of OSMF (n = 130). Based on the medical treatment, the patients were randomly divided into two study groups (group A and B). The group A patients received submucosal intralesional injections of dexamethasone (2 mL; 4 gm/mL), while group B patients received hyaluronidase (1500 IU). Both the group A and B patients received respective medical therapy biweekly for a period of five weeks. At the follow up visit (6 months), the impact of treatment on OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Data were analyzed by a chi-square test for quantitative variables and an independent t-test for qualitative variables. The comparison of all clinical parameters before and after treatment was performed by a paired t-test. The results after treatment showed that there was a significant improvement in all domains of OHIP-14 (p = 0.001) except psychological disability (p = 0.243). In addition, the OHRQoL of patients was significantly improved following the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Bari Memon
- Medical Research Centre, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 76090, Pakistan; (A.B.M.); (A.A.U.R.)
- Department of Community Dentistry, Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Shaheed Mohtarama Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana 77150, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Atta Ur Rahman
- Medical Research Centre, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 76090, Pakistan; (A.B.M.); (A.A.U.R.)
- Faculty of Community Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Shaheed Mohtarama Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana 77150, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Ali Channar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 76090, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Medical Research Centre, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro 76090, Pakistan; (A.B.M.); (A.A.U.R.)
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-333-2818500
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Althumairy RI. Exploring the Quality of Life for Saudi Patients Utilizing Dental Healthcare Services: A Systematic Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:309-315. [PMID: 35221692 PMCID: PMC8881009 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s344963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over three billion people globally are affected by oral diseases. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has declared a new vision for 2030, which includes an aim to improve the quality of healthcare in the Kingdom while maintaining the efficacy of spending. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is a quality of life instrument that helps evaluate health status. This study aims to evaluate equity in accessing dental services and the integration of different types of dental services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A systematic review of the MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EBSCOhost Research Databases was conducted on August 1, 2021. To answer the research question, the SPIDER search tool that identified the sample, the phenomenon of interest, design, evaluation, and research type prior to conducting the review was adapted. Multiple steps were followed to identify the results. The first step was scanning and selecting the related titles. The second step involved reviewing the abstracts, and the third step involved scanning the full manuscript for all criteria to determine and validate the eligibility of the articles. Twenty-two articles remained in the final stage of the study. The first study applying the OHIP instrument in the KSA was in 2010, and the latest was in 2021. In terms of cities, nine cities accounted for research within eight administrative regions. Of the 4794 patients recruited within these reviewed articles, the highest number of patients reported was 1141 for fashion braces, while the minimum number of patients was 32 for conventional complete dentures. This study shows that the Arabic OHIP tool was successfully adapted by multiple dental studies in the KSA with various dental services and results were reported. The reviewed studies suggest that equity and integration of dental health services are well established in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the major role of dental academic researchers has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyadh I Althumairy
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Riyadh I Althumairy, Tel +966 114677420, Email
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Langari SF, Hosseini SR, Bijani A, Jenabian N, Motalebnejad M, Mahmoodi E, Madani ZS, Sayadi F, Naghibi Sistani M, Ghadimi R, Baladi F, Hajimirzamohammad M, Mehryari M, Shirzad A. Association between antihypertensive drugs and the elderly's oral health- related quality of life: Results of Amirkola cohort study. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022; 13:589-598. [PMID: 35974944 PMCID: PMC9348200 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.13.3.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Prerequisite for achieving the goals of the registration program is the existence of valid and accurate data, and the usability of this data is possible if they are coded correctly. This study assets the quality of pathological data of the population-based cancer registration centers based on ICD-O-3. Methods: This applied study was performed descriptively and retrospectively. The study population included 20129 pathology reports sent to the population-based cancer registration center of Mazandaran Province during 2018-2020. A total of 2015 out of, 2050 samples of the received reports were examined according to stratified random sampling method. A researcher checklist was made to collect the data, and STATA 13 and Cohen's Kappa agreement coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Among the 2015 reports of pathology, 1114 (55.3%) pathology reports were related to government centers, (42.9%) 865 cases were registered with their topographic code, morphology and behavior. Based on the registration of the exact topographic code, the kappa coefficient and the total agreement were 0.266 and 27.70%, respectively. Kappa coefficient in all received reports and reports with topographic code was 0.346 and 0.906, respectively. In the reports with topographic code, the most reports of cancers were related to cancers of the gastrointestinal organs (97.6%) 246. Conclusion: The accuracy of the codes given in the pathology centers in terms of topographic, morphological, behavioral and grade codes based on the percentage of agreement with the coding was above average, which were higher in governmental centers and also in some cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyedeh Fatemeh Langari
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute. Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Bijani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute. Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Niloofar Jenabian
- Department of Periodontics, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mina Motalebnejad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Elham Mahmoodi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Madani
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - MohammadMehdi Naghibi Sistani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Community Oral Health Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Ghadimi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute. Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fateme Baladi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hajimirzamohammad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mehryari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Atena Shirzad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Correspondence: Atena Shirzad, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. E-mail: , Tel: 0098 1132291093, Fax: 0098 1132291093
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Choi JH, Kim MJ, Kho HS. Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors in patients with xerostomia. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 19:313-322. [PMID: 34092041 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate clinical and demographic factors associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with xerostomia. METHODS Forty-one patients (55.2 ± 13.8 years) with xerostomia as a chief complaint participated in the study. Comprehensive information about clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients with xerostomia, xerostomia-related symptoms and behaviours, and xerostomia-associated complaints was investigated using a xerostomia questionnaire. Flow rates of unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva were measured. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score was used to assess the OHRQoL of patients. The relationships between various factors and the OHIP-14 score were assessed by simple and multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS The OHIP-14 score of patients with xerostomia was high (44.3 ± 13.2). Characteristics of the patients with xerostomia associated with high OHIP-14 score were the intensity of xerostomia-related symptoms, frequency of xerostomia-related behaviours and the presence of speaking difficulty. Results from multiple linear regressions found that self-reported amount of saliva in usual, everyday life (β = 0.622, p = 0.012) and the presence of a speaking difficulty (β = 0.348, p = 0.014) had significant adversely affected the OHRQoL in patients with xerostomia. CONCLUSIONS Subjective perceptions of the amount of saliva in the mouth and the experience of speaking difficulty affected the OHRQoL in patients with xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Hye Choi
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Jong Kim
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Seop Kho
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Factors Affecting the Elderly's Quality of Life in the Middle East: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/jech.8.2.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Marín C, Díaz-de-Valdés L, Conejeros C, Martínez R, Niklander S. Interventions for the treatment of xerostomia: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e104-e111. [PMID: 33574994 PMCID: PMC7864369 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xerostomia or dry mouth sensation corresponds to a common clinical problem that can significantly impair the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). Currently, there is a large variety of local agents available for the treatment of xerostomia, but there is a lack robust evidence supporting the use of one treatment over another. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of a 1% malic acid salivary stimulant spray with a 1.33% betaine-based saliva substitute mouthwash in the improvement of xerostomia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-one participants with drug induced or idiopathic xerostomia were randomly allocated into three groups, two intervention and one control group (placebo). OHRQoL and severity of xerostomia were assessed with the OHIP-14sp questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (VAS) respectively. Stimulated and non-stimulated salivary flow rates before and after treatments were also measured. RESULTS All three groups reported a significantly improvement in the dry mouth sensation and non-stimulated salivary flow rates, but only the malic acid spray and the betaine-based mouthwash significantly improved the OHRQoL. There were no significant differences between both intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that both tested agents are comparable in improving the dry mouth sensation and OHRQoL of patients with drug induced and idiopathic xerostomia. Key words:Xerostomia, dry mouth, malic acid, betaine, oral-health related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Marín
- Departamento de Patología y Cirugía Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Laura Díaz-de-Valdés
- Departamento de Patología y Cirugía Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Catalina Conejeros
- Departamento de Patología y Cirugía Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - René Martínez
- Departamento de Patología y Cirugía Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Sven Niklander
- Departamento de Patología y Cirugía Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
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Preventive Measures and Control of Mycotoxins. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60659-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kumari A, Joshua R, Kumar R, Ahlawat P, Sindhu SC. Fungal Mycotoxins: Occurrence and Detection. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pina GDMS, Mota Carvalho R, Silva BSDF, Almeida FT. Prevalence of hyposalivation in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gerodontology 2020; 37:317-331. [PMID: 32965067 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of elders is increasing worldwide, and hyposalivation has been associated with the ageing process. Therefore, there has been growing interest in the frequency of hyposalivation in older people since it can cause transient or permanent problems that could affect oral health. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hyposalivation in older people (aged ≥ 60 years). METHODS The review was registered at Prospero - International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under number CRD42018106322. The search was performed in six electronic databases (Embase, LILACS, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science and Abstracts in Social Gerodontology) and grey literature (Google Scholar) for articles published up to February 2019. The methodology of selected studies was evaluated using the Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review (MAStARI) risk of bias checklist. Meta-analyses were performed using Medcalc and Stata 15. RESULTS Thirteen studies totalising 3,885 individuals (≥60 years) were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis showed an overall hyposalivation prevalence of 33.37% (95% confidence interval [CI] 23.90 - 43.57, P < .0001, n = 3,447). The prevalence of hyposalivation for unstimulated and stimulated methods was 33.39% (95% CI 21.08 - 46.96, P < .0001, n = 2,425 individuals) and 30.47% (95% CI 22.53-39.04, P < .0001, n = 1,495 individuals), respectively. Most of the studies were evaluated as low risk of bias. Some study limitations were related to the observational studies potential risk of bias, and different criteria to measure saliva flow rate. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the overall prevalence of hyposalivation in older people is 33.37%. When considering stimulated methods, the prevalence of hyposalivation was slightly lower (30.47%).
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Uematsu T, Matsuura T, Suzuki F, Aoki S, Suzuki M, Goto Y. [Evaluation of Hygiene in Dry Powder Steroid Drug Inhalers Used by Elderly Asthma Patients]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:789-798. [PMID: 32475929 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.19-00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dry powder inhalers (DPI) are frequently used by asthmatic patients, and the usage rate increases every year. The pharmacists at our hospital provided initial inhalation instructions on how the inhaler must be used but did not elaborate on the cleaning of the device. Therefore, the cleaning status of the inhaler is unknown, and there is a possibility of bacterial growth. This study investigated the cleaning status and hygiene of steroid drug inhalers used by elderly asthma patients. We administered a questionnaire to investigate the inhaler cleaning status after inhalation, and conducted a cross-sectional survey on hygiene using ATP measurement and bacterial culture examination. Considering the responses by 53 patients, it became clear that the ATP values of patients who answered "never cleaned" after inhalation were significantly higher than those who answered "cleaned every time". Moreover, some bacteria were detected in 62% of inhalers; 4 patients' inhalers contained bacteria other than normal oral microbial flora. In conclusion, because the inhalers used by elderly patients are in poor hygienic conditions, we must give cleaning instructions accordingly. We believe that it is necessary to give proper medical instructions along with instructions on the cleaning method with dry cloth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Uematsu
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Toru Matsuura
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Fuhito Suzuki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Suzuka Aoki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Misako Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
| | - Yukiko Goto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
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Suguna S, Gurunathan D. Quality of life of children with sleep bruxism. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:332-336. [PMID: 32110614 PMCID: PMC7014878 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_820_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the Quality of life (QoL) of children with and without sleep bruxism in Chennai population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with participants of both genders assigned as bruxers (n = 36) and non-bruxers (n = 36) from different regions of Chennai with the age range of 6-12 years. Parents/Caregivers answered a questionnaire in the waiting room. The QoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). OHIP-14 was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The sociodemographic characteristics presented no significant differences between bruxers and non-bruxers (P > 0.005). There was a significant difference in QoL between the case and control group (<0.001). Bruxers had worse QoL than controls. CONCLUSION Sleep bruxism may be associated with a negative impact on QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Suguna
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepa Gurunathan
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bachtiar EW, Putri AC, Bachtiar BM. Salivary nitric oxide, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, and salivary flow rate in smokers and non-smokers: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:1744. [PMID: 32269757 PMCID: PMC7111499 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20099.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 03/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Salivary nitric oxide plays an important role as an antibacterial agent in the oral cavity. Here, we analyze salivary nitric oxide, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) scores and the salivary flow rate in smokers and non-smokers which has not been done previously. Methods: A cross sectional study included 25 smokers and 25 non-smokers. Their OHI-S results were categorized as "good," "medium," or "bad." Unstimulated saliva samples were collected, and their nitric oxide concentration was measured using the Griess method. Results: The salivary flow rate in smokers was lower, at 0.30 ml/minute, compared to non-smokers who had a salivary flow rate of 0.33 ml/minute. This was statistically insignificant. There was a significant difference in the concentrations of nitric oxide between smokers and non-smokers (p < 0.05). Smokers had higher concentrations than non-smokers (185.4 µM Vs 114.60 µM). In addition, there was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.305) between the concentration of salivary nitric oxide level and the OHI-S results. Conclusions: It was concluded that salivary nitric oxide concentration was higher in smokers, and the oral hygiene condition of smokers was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endang Winiati Bachtiar
- Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Atikah Cyntia Putri
- Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Boy Muchlis Bachtiar
- Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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17
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Bachtiar EW, Putri AC, Bachtiar BM. Salivary nitric oxide, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, and salivary flow rate in smokers and non-smokers: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:1744. [PMID: 32269757 PMCID: PMC7111499 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20099.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Salivary nitric oxide plays an important role as an antibacterial agent in the oral cavity. Here, we analyze salivary nitric oxide, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) scores and the salivary flow rate in smokers and non-smokers which has not been done previously. Methods: A cross sectional study included 25 smokers and 25 non-smokers. Their OHI-S results were categorized as "good," "medium," or "bad." Unstimulated saliva samples were collected, and their nitric oxide concentration was measured using the Griess method. Results: The salivary flow rate in smokers was lower, at 0.30 ml/minute, compared to non-smokers who had a salivary flow rate of 0.33 ml/minute. This was statistically insignificant. There was a significant difference in the concentrations of nitric oxide between smokers and non-smokers (p < 0.05). Smokers had higher concentrations than non-smokers (185.4 µM Vs 114.60 µM). In addition, there was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.305) between the concentration of salivary nitric oxide level and the OHI-S results. Conclusions: It was concluded that salivary nitric oxide concentration was higher in smokers, and the oral hygiene condition of smokers was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endang Winiati Bachtiar
- Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Atikah Cyntia Putri
- Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Boy Muchlis Bachtiar
- Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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Barbe AG, Ludwar L, Hamacher S, Noack MJ. Efficacy of a newly developed mouth gel for xerostomia relief-A randomized double-blind trial. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1519-1529. [PMID: 30972871 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of a new symptom-relieving mouth gel vs. a widely used control gel on xerostomic burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized, double-blind, crossover trial investigated the efficacy of the test gel (Dr. Wolff Gel) vs. control (Biotene) in participants with xerostomia (n = 32; mean age 60 years). Oral examinations were taken at baseline, and xerostomic visual analogue scales (xVAS), after-use questionnaires and willingness to pay were investigated before and after use. RESULTS Neither gel reduced xerostomic burden (xVAS) after 7-day application. There was some preference for the test gel regarding taste and healthy gum feeling. After 1-time application, there were differences favouring the test gel for symptom-relieving effects between test gel and water (p < 0.001), mucosal adhesion (p < 0.001) and taste persistence (p < 0.001). Overall symptomatic relief with the test gel lasted around 2 hr. CONCLUSIONS No mouth gel alleviated the overall xerostomic burden. Nevertheless, the test gel led to short-term perceived symptomatic relief and improved patient-centred outcomes as taste and perceived gum health. The gel will probably mainly be effective at moments that patients mostly suffer from xerostomia. Selection of a product will be based on perceived subjective differences and their value in the context of the overall xerostomic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Greta Barbe
- Centre of Dental Medicine, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Lena Ludwar
- Centre of Dental Medicine, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hamacher
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Michael Johannes Noack
- Centre of Dental Medicine, Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
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Warsi I, Ahmed J, Younus A, Rasheed A, Akhtar TS, Ain QU, Khurshid Z. Risk factors associated with oral manifestations and oral health impact of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a multicentre, cross-sectional study in Pakistan. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e021458. [PMID: 30928919 PMCID: PMC6475213 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a relatively common disorder and manifests with extraoesophageal symptoms, such as dental erosions (DE), cough, laryngitis, asthma, and oral soft- and hard-tissue pathologies. This study aimed (1) to identify oral soft and hard-tissue changes in patients with GORD and (2) to evaluate these oral changes as indices for assessing GORD and its severity. SETTING This cross-sectional study was conducted at four major tertiary care government hospitals, in two metropolitan cities of Pakistan. PARTICIPANTS In total, 187 of 700 patients who underwent oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy and having GORD were included in the study. Patients with GORD were divided according to the presence of DE into group A (with DE, chronic/severe GORD) and group B (without DE, mild GORD). Patients who were unconscious and had extremely limited mouth opening were excluded. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Abnormal conditions and lesions of the oral mucosa were recorded. The impact of oral hard and soft-tissue changes on the oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the Pakistani (Urdu) version of the validated Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) instrument. RESULTS Oral submucous fibrosis (66.3%), ulceration (59.4%) and xerostomia (47.6%) were significantly more common in group A (p<0.05). The prevalence of GORD was 26.7%, within which the prevalence of DE was 35.3%. Unhealthy dietary pattern, nausea/vomiting, oesophagitis, xerostomia, ulceration, gingivitis and angular cheilitis showed a statistically significant association with chronic GORD and DE. All subscales of OHIP-14 were positively correlated (p<0.05) in patients with GORD and DE, with notable impact on psychological discomfort (rs=0.30), physical disability (rs=0.29), psychological disability (rs=0.27) and functional limitation (rs=0.20). CONCLUSION Patients with GORD and DE presented with more severe oral manifestations than did those with GORD and no DE. We recommend timely dental check-ups to assess the severity of both systemic and oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Warsi
- Masters in Medical Science and Clinical Investigation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Javeria Ahmed
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, JPMC), Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anjum Younus
- Department of Community Dentistry, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rasheed
- Department of Research and Biostatistics, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Saeed Akhtar
- Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Qurrat Ul Ain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
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Barbe AG, Schmidt P, Bussmann M, Kunter H, Noack MJ, Röhrig G. Xerostomia and hyposalivation in orthogeriatric patients with fall history and impact on oral health-related quality of life. Clin Interv Aging 2018; 13:1971-1979. [PMID: 30349216 PMCID: PMC6188197 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s178370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Falls are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in older people, and identification of risk indicators and risk factors to prevent falling is essential. Dry mouth (xerostomia and hyposalivation) can exacerbate conditions known to be fall risk indicators, such as nutritional status and sarcopenia. But there is little evidence regarding whether it is an independent risk factor for falling. We explored xerostomia prevalence and intensity and objective salivation rates in hospitalized geriatric patients to determine whether they were associated with an increased risk of falling. Patients and methods Hospitalized geriatric patients with and without a fall history were compared. We investigated several oral health issues including xerostomia, stimulated and unstimulated salivation rates, total number of teeth and prosthetics, periodontal status, and oral health-related quality of life. Results Forty patients were included, 28 in the fall history group and 12 in the control group. All patients had oral health issues that impacted on their oral health-related quality of life. However, there were no significant differences between the groups, including xerostomia and hyposalivation, apart from increased dysphagia and less flavor in food in patients with a fall history. Conclusion Dry mouth does not appear to be an independent risk factor for falling in this population, but oral health was impaired. Thus, it is important that dentists and geriatricians are aware of and investigate these conditions in their patients and that appropriate action is taken to reduce the consequences of impaired oral health, including a potential reduction in falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Greta Barbe
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany,
| | - Pia Schmidt
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany,
| | - Michael Bussmann
- Department of Orthogeriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Köln Kalk, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Kunter
- Department of Orthogeriatrics, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Köln Kalk, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Johannes Noack
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany,
| | - Gabriele Röhrig
- Geriatric Diagnostic Center, MVZ Medicum Köln Ost, Cologne, Germany
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Effects of a Novel Formulation on Oral Biofilm, pH Buffering, and Gingival Health in Patients with Dry Mouth. Int J Dent 2018; 2018:2748274. [PMID: 30356392 PMCID: PMC6176330 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2748274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Goal To identify in patients with dry mouth the effects of a novel test agent (Oral Essentials Hydrating Formula Mouthwash, Beverly Hills, CA) versus a control agent (Biotène Dry Mouth Oral Rinse, GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare L.P., Moon Township, PA, USA) versus no treatment on dry mouth, plaque, salivary pH and buffering capacity, gingival health, and tooth sensitivity. Materials and Methods In this cross-over study, ten subjects with dry mouth used test and control dry mouth interventions, as well as no dry mouth intervention in randomized sequence. Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Sulcus Bleeding Index, Plaque staining, and photographs were recorded at baseline and end of each study arm. Salivary volume, pH, and buffering capacity were also recorded at these time points. Additionally, subjects completed a questionnaire for dry mouth and dentinal sensitivity at each visit. Results Reductions in plaque presence and clinical indices were similar after use of test or control products (p < 0.05). Saliva volume and pH buffering improved significantly after use of test and control products (p < 0.05). Conclusions The effects of a novel dry mouth intervention are similar to those of an existing OTC remedy and are significantly better than no intervention.
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Abstract
Objective: An important determinant of job satisfaction and life fulfillment is the quality of life (QOL) of the individuals working in a particular field. Currently, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), there is limited research pertaining to the QOL of dentists. The main objective of this study was to assess QOL of dentists in the UAE. Materials and Methods: The World Health Organization (WHO) QOL-BREF questionnaire (the World Health Organization abbreviated instrument for QOL assessment), which assesses QOL in physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains, was found to be a suitable instrument for use. A total of 290 questionnaires were distributed to general dental practitioners and specialists working in the private sector. The response rate was 46%. The completed questionnaires were coded and analyzed using the SPSS IBM software version 21. Results: QOL of specialists was significantly better than general practitioners (GPs) on all domains of the WHOQOL-BREF (P < 0.05). Married dentists had better QOL than singles on the social and environmental domains. Furthermore, specialists reported significantly better QOL compared to GPs after adjustment for sex, age, and marital status (P < 0.05) in the psychosocial and environmental domains. Conclusions: Among dentists who work in the UAE, QOL can be affected by several factors, one of them being whether dentist is a GP or a specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheela B Abraham
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | | | | | - Manal Awad
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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