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Baek SU, Lee YM, Yoon JH, Won JU. Long working hours, work-life imbalance, and poor mental health: a cross-sectional mediation analysis based on the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey, 2020-2021. J Epidemiol 2024:JE20230302. [PMID: 38644193 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20230302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There has been growing concern about the negative mental health impact of long working hours and overwork. Our study examined how work-life imbalance (WLI) could be a mediator between working hours and poor mental well-being.Methods We included 34,968 individuals from a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Korea. Self-reported working hours per week was collected, and mental health was assessed by the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Counterfactual-based mediation models were employed to disentangle the total effects into a direct effect (work hour - poor mental health) and an indirect effect (work hour - WLI - poor mental health).Results Out of 34,968 participants, 52.6% worked 35-40 h/week, 20.0% worked 41-48 h/week, 11.7% worked 49-54 h/week, and 15.6% worked ≥55 h/week. The odds ratios (ORs) of the total impact of working hours on poor mental health were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.16) for 41-48 h/week, 1.28 (1.17-1.39) for 49-54 h/week, and 1.60 (1.48-1.74) for ≥55 h/week in comparison to 35-40 h/week. The ORs of the indirect effects were 1.04 (1.03-1.05) for 41-48 h/week, 1.08 (1.07-1.09) for 49-54 h/week, and 1.14 (1.12-1.16) for ≥55 h/week, accounting for 51%, 31%, and 28% of the total effects.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that WLI can partially mediate the association of long working hours with mental health deterioration. Policy efforts are required to mitigate the adverse mental health effects of overwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Uk Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine
- Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Yu-Min Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine
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Yi JS, Im EO. The Influence of Workplace Violence, Psychosocial Working Conditions on Depressive Symptoms Among Female Workers in South Korea. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024; 36:232-239. [PMID: 38482604 DOI: 10.1177/10105395241237812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Workers' depression is an important issue, with the prevalence higher in women than in men. This study aimed to identify the effects of workplace violence exposure and psychosocial working conditions on depressive symptoms in female workers in South Korea. This study included 15 605 female wageworkers who participated in the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. Logistic regression analyses were implemented to identify the factors that affected their depression. The female workers reported increased frequency of symptoms of depression when there was humiliating behavior from co-workers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.999) or physical violence from clients (aOR = 1.609). In psychosocial working environments, they reported a greater frequency of depressive symptoms with high quantitative demands (aOR = 1.498), high emotional demands (aOR = 1.085), lower colleague's support (aOR = 1.566), or lack of support from supervisors at the workplace (aOR = 1.707). An emphasis should be put on preventing humiliating behaviors from co-workers as well as violence from clients in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Seon Yi
- College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ok Im
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Wu S, Ta L, Vieira J, Schwartz K, Perez J, Zeien J, Li D, Hartmark-Hill J. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Depression among Homeless Young Adults: A Social Determinants of Health Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:81. [PMID: 38248544 PMCID: PMC10815729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Homelessness is a pervasive issue in the United States that presents significant challenges to public health. Homeless young adults (HYAs) are at particular risk for increased incidence and severity of depression. Using primary survey data (n = 205) collected in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area, Arizona, from June to August 2022, this study aims to examine the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and depression among HYAs. We adopted the ACEs 10-item scale to measure childhood traumatic experiences, whereas depression was measured by using a PHQ-4 depression scale and diagnosed depression. Regression models were conducted to test the relationships between ACEs and depression outcomes while controlling for the covariates at the individual, interpersonal, and socioeconomic/living environment levels. The average PHQ-4 score was 5.01 (SD = 3.59), and 59.69% of HYAs reported being diagnosed previously with depression. The mean ACEs score was 5.22 out of 10. Other things being equal, for every one unit increase in ACEs scores, the odds of being diagnosed with depression increased by 11.5%, yet it was not statistically significant, while the PHQ-4 score increased by 0.445 (p < 0.001). Overall, HYAs were disproportionately affected by depression. This study elucidates the complex relationship between ACEs and depression among HYAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyou Wu
- School of Social Work, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Lac Ta
- College of Medicine–Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (L.T.); (J.V.); (K.S.); (J.P.); (J.H.-H.)
| | - Jaime Vieira
- College of Medicine–Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (L.T.); (J.V.); (K.S.); (J.P.); (J.H.-H.)
| | - Kendall Schwartz
- College of Medicine–Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (L.T.); (J.V.); (K.S.); (J.P.); (J.H.-H.)
| | - Joshua Perez
- College of Medicine–Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (L.T.); (J.V.); (K.S.); (J.P.); (J.H.-H.)
| | - Justin Zeien
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Danyi Li
- Keck School of Medicine Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA;
| | - Jennifer Hartmark-Hill
- College of Medicine–Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (L.T.); (J.V.); (K.S.); (J.P.); (J.H.-H.)
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Kim JH, Park SG, Kim HC, Hwang SH. The relationship between working time mismatch and depression according to actual hours worked. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2023; 36:788-797. [PMID: 38059573 PMCID: PMC10743349 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effect of the combination of working hours and working time mismatch on depression is unknown. This study was undertaken to confirm the relationship between working time mismatch and depression with respect to hours worked. MATERIAL AND METHODS The data of 45 514 adult workers that participated in the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS-VI 2020) were reviewed. Depression was defined using the World Health Organization 5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) cut-off score of 50. Working time mismatch was defined as a difference between actual and desired working hours. To identify associations between working hour mismatch and depression according to weekly hours worked, stratification analysis was conducted by dividing the study subjects into 3 groups based on actual hours worked weekly (<40 h, 40-<52 h, or ≥52 h). Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders was performed to calculate odds ratios of depression. RESULTS In the <40 h, 40-<52 h, and ≥52 h groups, the odds ratios (OR) of working more hours than desired were 1.51, 95% CI: 1.20-1.92 (<40 h), 1.70, 95% CI: 1.58-1.84 (40-<52 h), and 1.55, 95% CI: 1.41-1.69 (≥52 h), respectively, compared to a matched actual versus desired working hours group (the matched group). On the other hand, the odds ratios of working fewer hours than desired were 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.27 (<40 h), 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60 (40-<52 h), and 1.98, 95% CI: 1.24-3.17 (≥52 h), respectively. The risk of depression was found to increase significantly with working time mismatch within all 3 working hour groups. CONCLUSIONS Working time mismatch increases the risk of worker depression regardless of hours worked. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(6):788-97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Kim
- Inha University Hospital, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Shin Goo Park
- Inha University Hospital, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hwan Cheol Kim
- Inha University Hospital, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Hwang
- Keimyung University School of Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, South Korea
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Kim SS, Gil M, Min EJ. Machine learning models for predicting depression in Korean young employees. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1201054. [PMID: 37501944 PMCID: PMC10371256 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1201054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of depression among employees has gradually risen. Previous studies have focused on predicting the risk of depression, but most studies were conducted using basic statistical methods. This study used machine learning algorithms to build models that detect and identify the important factors associated with depression in the workplace. Methods A total of 503 employees completed an online survey that included questionnaires on general characteristics, physical health, job-related factors, psychosocial protective, and risk factors in the workplace. The dataset contained 27 predictor variables and one dependent variable which referred to the status of employees (normal or at the risk of depression). The prediction accuracy of three machine learning models using sparse logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest was compared with the accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Additionally, the important factors identified via sparse logistic regression and random forest. Results All machine learning models demonstrated similar results, with the lowest accuracy obtained from sparse logistic regression and support vector machine (86.8%) and the highest accuracy from random forest (88.7%). The important factors identified in this study were gender, physical health, job, psychosocial protective factors, and psychosocial risk and protective factors in the workplace. Discussion The results of this study indicated the potential of machine learning models to accurately predict the risk of depression among employees. The identified factors that influence the risk of depression can contribute to the development of intelligent mental healthcare systems that can detect early signs of depressive symptoms in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Sun Kim
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Gil
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Min
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Che H, Wu H, Qiao Y, Luan B, Zhao Q, Wang H. Association between long working hours and mental health among nurses in China under COVID-19 pandemic: based on a large cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:234. [PMID: 37029359 PMCID: PMC10080503 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nurses were more likely to experience mental disorders due to long working hours and irregular schedules. However, studies addressing this issue are scarce; therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between long working hours and mental health in Chinese nurses during the coronavirus disease pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,811 nurses at a tertiary hospital in China from March to April 2022. We collected data on demographic, psychological characteristics, dietary habits, life, and work-related factors using a self-reported questionnaire and measured mental health using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7. Binary logistic regression to determine adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The effective response rates were 81.48%, 7.80% (219), and 6.70% (189) of the respondents who reported depression and anxiety, respectively. We categorized the weekly working hours by quartiles. Compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals across the quartiles for depression after adjustment were 0.98 (0.69, 1.40), 10.58 (2.78, 40.32), and 1.79 (0.81, 3.97) respectively, the P for trend was 0.002. The odds ratios across the quartiles for anxiety after adjustment were 0.87 (0.59, 1.30), 8.69 (2.13, 35.46), and 2.67 (1.26, 5.62), respectively, and the P for trend was 0.008. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that extended working hours increased the risk of mental disorders among nurses during the coronavirus disease pandemic, particularly in those who worked more than 60 h per week. These findings enrich the literature on mental disorders and demonstrate a critical need for additional studies investigating intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Che
- Department of Operating Room, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Wu
- Department of Operating Room, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Operating Room, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Bonan Luan
- Department of Operating Room, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qingyun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China.
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Physical activity (PA) influences the risk of depression associated with long working hours. J Affect Disord 2023; 321:227-233. [PMID: 36334760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidences showed that long working hours is associated with depression epidemic, but few studies investigate whether physical activity (PA) could modify the risk of depression associated with long working hours, which was the purpose of the present study. METHODS A cross-sectional data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018. According to the criteria of International Labour Organization, long working hours was defined as >40 h/wk. The Nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to identify depression. Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to estimate the associations between long working hours and depression, furthermore to estimate the association of PA. RESULTS 5958 participants were included in the study. The results indicated that 3074 (51.6 %) of participants worked >40 h/wk. The prevalence of depression was 7.7 %. Logistic regression analysis indicated a positive association between long working hours and depression [OR = 1.738, 95 CI (1.427, 2.117)], and the results were still robust after controlling other confounding factors. RCS models indicated that the high intensity PA group had the lowest risk of depression, followed by low intensity PA group and no PA group. CONCLUSION Long working hours probably be associated with depression, while PA can modify the risk to some degree.
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Kim R. Predictors of Satisfaction With Work Environment in the Context of a Mismatch in Working Hours: A Nationwide, Large-Scale, Cross-Sectional Study. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580221128239. [PMID: 36205396 PMCID: PMC9549121 DOI: 10.1177/00469580221128239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This nationwide, large-scale, cross-sectional study has hypothesized that there might be differences in workers' satisfaction with work environment depending on demographic, socio-economic, and work characteristics in the context of a mismatch between actual and preferred working hours. The current study is a secondary data analysis of the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. A total of 29 694 subjects (n = 29 694) were finally included in the current study. Female gender (β = -.372, OR 0.689 [95% CI 0.646-0.736]), age of ≥60 years old (β = .226, OR 1.253 [95% CI 1.089-1.441]), graduation from middle school (β = -.320, OR 0.726 [95% CI 0.616-0.856]), college (β = .492, OR 1.636 [95% CI 1.371-1.952]), or university (β = .826, OR 2.283 [95% CI 1.918-2.718]), fixed period of work (β = -.105, OR 0.901 [95% CI 0.823-0.986]), full-time employment (β = -.105, OR 0.900 [95% CI 0.813-0.996]), the engagement in public sector (β = .544, OR 1.722 [95% CI 1.532-1.935]), private-public partnership organization (β = .605, OR 1.832 [95% CI 1.342-2.500]) or NPO or NGO (β = .780, OR 2.182 [95% CI 1.522-3.127]), regular side job (β = -.929, OR 0.395 [95% CI 0.289-0.539]), or temporary side job (β = -.330, OR 0.719 [95% CI 0.533-0.970]), membership of multiple teams (β = -.501, OR 0.606 [95% CI 0.552-0.666]), labor union (β = .143, OR 1.154 [95% CI 1.047-1.273]), and better health status (β = .977, OR 2.657 [95% CI 1.175-6.007]) were predictors of satisfaction with work environment in the context of a mismatch between actual and desired working hours. Based on the current results, it can be concluded that female gender, age of ≥60 years old, graduation from middle school, college, or university, fixed period of work, full-time employment, the engagement in public sector, private-public partnership organization or NPO or NGO, regular side job or temporary side job, membership of multiple teams, labor union, and better health status were predictors of satisfaction with work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kim
- Doctor CONSULT, Seoul, Korea,Robert Kim, Department of Medical and
Pharmaceutical Affairs, Doctor CONSULT, 168 Nonhyeon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul
06296, Korea.
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Griep RH, Almeida MDCC, Barreto SM, Brunoni AR, Duncan BB, Giatti L, Mill JG, Molina MDCB, Moreno AB, Patrão AL, Schmidt MI, da Fonseca MDJM. Working from home, work-time control and mental health: Results from the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-Brasil). Front Psychol 2022; 13:993317. [PMID: 36262442 PMCID: PMC9574257 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.993317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated the association between work-time control (WTC), independently and in combination with hours worked (HW), and four mental health outcomes among 2,318 participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) who worked from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. WTC was assessed by the WTC Scale, and mental health outcomes included depression, anxiety, stress (measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, DASS-21), and self-rated mental health. Logistic regression models were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among women, long HW were associated with stress (OR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.11–2.20) and poor self-rated mental health (OR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.13–2.38), whereas they were protective against anxiety among men (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.37–0.93). In both sexes, weak WTC was associated with all mental health outcomes. Among women, the long HW/weak WTC combination was associated with all mental health outcomes, and short HW/weak WTC was associated with anxiety and stress. Among men, long HW/strong WTC was protective against depression and stress, while short HW/strong WTC and short HW/weak WTC was associated with all mental health outcomes. In both sexes, weak WTC, independently and in combination with HW, was associated with all mental health outcomes. WTC can improve working conditions, protect against mental distress, and fosterwork-life balance for those who work from home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Harter Griep
- Laboratory of Health and Environmental Education, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Rosane Harter Griep, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-2036
| | | | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- School of Medicine and Hospital das Clínicas/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André R. Brunoni
- School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruce B. Duncan
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luana Giatti
- School of Medicine and Hospital das Clínicas/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Geraldo Mill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Maria del Carmen B. Molina
- Postgraduate Programme in Health and Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Postgraduate Programme in Collective Health, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Arlinda B. Moreno
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Patrão
- Center for Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Science of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Schmidt
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hong Y, Zhang Y, Xue P, Fang X, Zhou L, Wei F, Lou X, Zou H. The Influence of Long Working Hours, Occupational Stress, and Well-Being on Depression Among Couriers in Zhejiang, China. Front Psychol 2022; 13:928928. [PMID: 35814051 PMCID: PMC9260285 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.928928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between long working hours, occupational stress, depression, and well-being, and to explore the intermediary effect of occupational stress and well-being between working hours and depression among couriers in Zhejiang, China. Methods: The study used a cluster random sampling method to select 1,200 couriers from mainstream express companies in Zhejiang, China. The data were collected and analyzed using the Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS) to measure occupational stress, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale to evaluate depression, and the World Health Organization five-item Well-Being Index (WHO-5) scale to assess well-being. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables. Results: The phenomenon of long working hours (75.1%) was quite common among couriers in Zhejiang, China. Working hours had a direct positive effect on depression (β = 0.008, p < 0.001) and on occupational stress (β = 0.009, p < 0.001), and working hours had a negative effect on well-being (β = −0.013, p < 0.001). Occupational stress had a direct positive effect on depression (β = 0.272, p < 0.001), but well-being had no significant direct effect on depression. Working hours had an indirect effect on depression through the mediating effect of occupational stress while the mediating effect of well-being was not found. Conclusion: Long working hours is associated with occupational stress, well-being, and depression. Our results confirmed that working hours, occupational stress, and well-being were strong predicators of depression. Working hours had a significant indirect effect on depression via occupational stress. The result of this study showed that decreasing working hours and reducing occupational stress would be effective for couriers to prevent depression. However, more studies are needed to verify the relationship between working hours and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hong
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Panqi Xue
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinglin Fang
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Zhou
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Lou
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zou
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Zou,
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Working Hours and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms According to Shift Work and Gender. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:e316-e321. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Jonglertmontree W, Kaewboonchoo O, Morioka I, Boonyamalik P. Mental health problems and their related factors among seafarers: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:282. [PMID: 35148722 PMCID: PMC8840312 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seafarers are often reported to be engaged in a dangerous physical and psychosocial work environment. However, mental health status among seafarers has not been focused on compared with physical health issues. Systematic, comprehensive reviews of mental health problems and their relevant factors are lacking. This review aimed to clarify beneficial approaches to the mental health problems faced among seafarers using a scoping review to systematically map the evidence regarding mental health issues and their related factors. METHODS Studies were searched on MEDLINE/PubMed, Science Direct, Academic search complete using EBSCOhost databases, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of science on 20, August 2020. This scoping review was conducted based on the framework of Arksey and O'Malley and Preferred Reporting items for Scoping Reviews flow diagram. The inclusion criteria were studies which determined the relationship between factors relevant to working conditions or working environment, and mental health in seafarers, and etc. Data were narratively summarized and reported. RESULTS Twenty-four were included in this review while two major findings were clarified. Firstly, the prevalence of stress, depressive symptoms, and burnout have been mentioned for decades. Secondly, factors related to mental health and psychological issues can be categorized as individual and work environmental factors. The individual factors include experience, age, health status (high BMI, poor sleep, and diabetics), and resilience. The work environmental factors consist of two parts. Job demands comprise pressure from contractors/customers/time, working hours, ship department, job title, voyage episodes, period of seafaring, noise, and vibration. The job resources included instrumental support, team cohesion, shipboard caring and effort-reward imbalance. CONCLUSIONS A beneficial approach to mental health problems faced among seafarers is necessary to understand comprehensively at individual and organization levels. Promoting health behaviors, training resilience, and managing obesity and chronic diseases comprise individual level strategies. Providing seafarers with adequate instrumental support, and practical support to communicate with customers, managing their distinct work-rest hours and adequate effort-reward balance comprise organization level methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woraluk Jonglertmontree
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road., Ratchathewi, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Orawan Kaewboonchoo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road., Ratchathewi, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ikuharu Morioka
- Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Mikazura 580, 641-0011, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Plernpit Boonyamalik
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Ratchawithi Road., Ratchathewi, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
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Alenezi S, Almadani A, Al Tuwariqi M, Alzahrani F, Alshabri M, Khoja M, Al Dakheel K, Alghalayini K, Alkadi N, Aljebreen S, Alzahrani R. Burnout, Depression, and Anxiety Levels among Healthcare Workers Serving Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:15. [PMID: 35049626 PMCID: PMC8773324 DOI: 10.3390/bs12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Burnout in healthcare workers (HCWs) is defined as a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion that results from unmanaged, excessive, and long-term workplace stressors. This study aims to assess the prevalence of burnout and the levels of anxiety and depression among HCWs who primarily work with children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted utilizing the Arabic version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS), Patient Health Questionnaire for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression (PHQ-9). Among the 381 participants working in autism centers, the majority were young Saudi females (326) working full-time as specialists in the private sector with less than five years of experience. The HCWs' overall mean scores on the three Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) subscales: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) were 62%, 23.7%, and 76.5%, respectively. A total of 51.4% of HCWs reported moderate to high anxiety levels on GAD-7, and 47.8% showed moderate to very high levels of depression on PHQ-9. The mean perceived EE converged significantly but negatively on their overall mean perceived satisfaction with AWS (p-value < 0.001), demonstrating that greater emotional fatigue predicts less satisfaction with their work. The PA scores correlated significantly and positively with their overall mean satisfaction with their AWS score (p-value < 0.001). Considering sociodemographic variables, HCWs aged between 20-29 years have significantly lower mean PA scores than HCWs aged thirty and older (p = 0.007). Also, male HCWs perceived significantly higher work-related DP than females. More research is required to determine the nature of variables that contribute to burnout, depression, and anxiety in HCWs helping children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliweeh Alenezi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research and Applications Chair (SPHRAC), Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almadani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram Al Tuwariqi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research and Applications Chair (SPHRAC), Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alzahrani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Meshari Alshabri
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Mohammed Khoja
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Khalid Al Dakheel
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Khalil Alghalayini
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Norah Alkadi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Shahad Aljebreen
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Razan Alzahrani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.T.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (M.K.); (K.A.D.); (K.A.); (N.A.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
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Lagunes-Córdoba E, Yoldi-Negrete M, Hewson T, Guízar-Sánchez D, Robles-García R, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Tracy D, Saracco-Alvarez RA, Fresán A. A better way of life: The role of leisure activities on self-perceived health, perceived stress, confidence in stress management, and satisfaction with social support in psychiatrists and psychiatry trainees in Mexico. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1052275. [PMID: 36569620 PMCID: PMC9774476 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1052275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatrists are at high risk of developing burnout and mental health problems mainly due to their emotionally demanding jobs, difficult working conditions, long working hours, and poor work-life balance. As leisure activities are associated with better physical and mental health, engaging in these activities has been recommended as a measure to improve the wellbeing of healthcare workers. However, it is unclear the extent of which psychiatrists and trainees are involved in leisure activities, what type of activities they prefer, or how these impact their self-perceived health, stress, confidence in stress management, and satisfaction with their social support. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify differences in self-perceived health, perceived stress, confidence in stress management, and satisfaction with social support, between psychiatrists and trainees who engage in different leisure activities, compared with those who do not. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study, including Mexican psychiatrists (n = 355) and trainees (n = 330) who agreed to participate through an online survey. RESULTS 73.1% of participants engaged in some leisure activity, being solitary-passive activities the most reported. Those who have a leisure activity reported lower stress, greater confidence in stress management, and more satisfaction with their social support. Passive-solitary activities were associated with less perceived stress and better confidence in stress management, while active-solitary and social activities were associated with better satisfaction with social support. CONCLUSION Psychiatrists' and trainees' wellbeing benefits from engagement in leisure activities, which should be part of their daily schedules to reduce stress, and potentially improve their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Yoldi-Negrete
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tom Hewson
- Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Guízar-Sánchez
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Robles-García
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Mental Global, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Derek Tracy
- West London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Arturo Saracco-Alvarez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Fresán
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Wang X, Dong JY, Shirai K, Yamagishi K, Kokubo Y, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Having hobbies and the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: A Japan public health center-based study. Atherosclerosis 2021; 335:1-7. [PMID: 34517285 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of hobbies as a protective factor against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has gained increasing attention; however, no large-scale studies were performed to confirm this. We aimed to examine the association between having hobbies and the risk of total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in a large Japanese cohort. METHODS A total of 56,381 adults aged 45-74 years were divided into the non-hobby, having a hobby, and having many hobbies groups. We performed Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) for incident CVD, CHD, and stroke after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS We identified 3685 incident CVDs (940 CHDs and 2839 strokes) during a median follow-up of 16.3 years. After multivariable adjustment, compared to the non-hobby group, participants having a hobby and many hobbies had a 10% (HR = 0.90 [0.83, 0.97]) and 20% (HR = 0.80 [0.69, 0.93]) lower risk of CVD incidence, respectively. The risk of CHD was lower in those with many hobbies, but the association between having many hobbies and CHD risk was not statistically significant. We also found a similar inverse association for stroke. Compared to the non-hobby group, participants having a hobby and many hobbies had a 13% (HR = 0.87 [0.80, 0.96]) and 20% (HR = 0.80 [0.68, 0.94]) lower risk of stroke. CONCLUSIONS Having hobbies was associated with a lower risk of CVD. Engagement in hobbies may emerge as an important target for healthy lifestyle promotion for the primary prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, And Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, And Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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16
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Shiga K, Izumi K, Minato K, Sugio T, Yoshimura M, Kitazawa M, Hanashiro S, Cortright K, Kurokawa S, Momota Y, Sado M, Maeno T, Takebayashi T, Mimura M, Kishimoto T. Subjective well-being and month-long LF/HF ratio among deskworkers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257062. [PMID: 34492071 PMCID: PMC8423311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of workers’ well-being has been recognized in recent years. The assessment of well-being has been subjective, and few studies have sought potential biomarkers of well-being to date. This study examined the relationship between well-being and the LF/HF ratio, an index of heart rate variability that reflects sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity. Pulse waves were measured using photoplethysmography through a web camera attached to the computer used by each participant. The participants were asked to measure their pulse waves while working for 4 weeks, and well-being was assessed using self-reported measures such as the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Flourishing Scale (FS). Each of the well-being scores were split into two groups according to the median value, and the LF/HF ratio during work, as well as the number of times an LF/HF ratio threshold was either exceeded or subceeded, were compared between the high and low SWLS, positive emotion, negative emotion, and FS groups. Furthermore, to examine the effects of the LF/HF ratio and demographic characteristics on well-being, a multiple regression analysis was conducted. Data were obtained from 169 participants. The results showed that the low FS group had a higher mean LF/HF ratio during work than the high FS group. No significant differences were seen between the high and low SWLS groups, the high and low positive emotion groups, or the high and low negative emotion groups. The multiple regression analysis showed that the mean LF/HF ratio during work affected the FS and SWLS scores, and the number of times the mean LF/HF ratio exceeded +3 SD had an effect on the positive emotion. No effect of the LF/HF ratio on negative emotions was shown. The LF/HF ratio might be applicable as an objective measure of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiko Shiga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Izumi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical AI Center, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Minato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Sugio
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Momoko Kitazawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Hanashiro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kelley Cortright
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunya Kurokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Momota
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Sado
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Stress Research, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Maeno
- Human System Design Laboratory, Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishiro Kishimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Psychiatry Department, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Liu X, Wang C, Wang J, Ji Y, Li S. Effect of long working hours and insomnia on depressive symptoms among employees of Chinese internet companies. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1408. [PMID: 34271904 PMCID: PMC8283851 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, long working hours and insomnia are relatively common among internet company employees. Considering that both can affect mental health, we examined their independent and interaction effects on these employees' depressive symptoms (DS). METHODS We analyzed data from the 2016 occupational health questionnaire survey conducted in 35 large-, medium-, and small-scale internet companies. Overall, 3589 full-time employees were recruited to evaluate the association among working hours, insomnia, and DS. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess DS. The association of DS (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) with working hours (≤40, 41-50, 51-60, and > 60 h/week), insomnia (with or without), and interaction of both was estimated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Compared with the group working for ≤40 h/week, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for DS among participants who worked for 41-50 h/week, 51-60 h/week, and > 60 h/week were 1.32 (1.11-1.56), 1.74 (1.35-2.24), and 2.54 (1.90-3.39), respectively. The ORs for DS among those with insomnia were 2.36 (2.04-2.74) after adjusting for general characteristics. The ORs for DS related to insomnia were similar [1.91 (1.46-2.50), 2.00 (1.61-2.50), respectively] in the participants who worked for < 50 h/week. However, among participants working for 51-60 h or > 60 h/week, the adjusted ORs for DS substantially increased to 4.62 (2.90-7.37) and 5.60 (3.36-9.33), respectively. Moreover, among the participants with insomnia, working overtime showed a greater association with DS. CONCLUSIONS We showed that long working hours and insomnia are independent factors associated with the prevalence of DS; furthermore, an interaction effect of long working hours and insomnia on DS was observed. For relieving DS in internet company employees, it is important to reduce insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Liu
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100050
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191
| | - Jin Wang
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100050
| | - Yuqing Ji
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100050
| | - Shuang Li
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100050.
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Shin MG, Kim YJ, Kim TK, Kang D. Effects of Long Working Hours and Night Work on Subjective Well-Being Depending on Work Creativity and Task Variety, and Occupation: The Role of Working-Time Mismatch, Variability, Shift Work, and Autonomy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126371. [PMID: 34204671 PMCID: PMC8296193 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of long working hours (LW) and night work (NW) on subjective well-being and the modifying effects of work creativity and task variety (WCTV) and occupation. In addition, we examined the influence of working time-related variables including working-time mismatch, variability, shift work, and autonomy on the effects of LW and NW. This study used data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey on 50,205 workers. LW and NW were defined as 52–60 h (L1) or >60 h (L2) per week, and 1–10 days (N1) or >10 days (N2) of night work per month. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the effects of LW and NW and the modifying influences of WCTV and occupation. Differences in ORs of LW and NW caused by working time-related variables were investigated, to determine effect sizes and directions. A high level of WCTV alleviated the risks of LW and NW. White-collar workers were more vulnerable to the risk associated with NW. Regarding working-time related variables, working-time mismatch and variability increased the risks of LW and NW, respectively, while shift work alleviated the risks of NW. In countries where flexible work systems are not well utilized, working-time autonomy might not be associated with the risk of LW or NW. This study showed that it is necessary to comprehensively consider the occupation and task characteristics of individual workers performing LW or NW. Further studies of the modifying effects of working time-related variables on LW and NW are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gwan Shin
- Department of Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Ji Kim
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Environmental Health Center of Asbestos, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Tae-Kyoung Kim
- Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Dongmug Kang
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Environmental Health Center of Asbestos, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8034
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Decelis K, Falzon R. I cannot do that…I'm a counsellor: Implications of professional boundaries on counsellors' public life as entertainers. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Sitanggang FP, Wirawan GBS, Wirawan IMA, Lesmana CBJ, Januraga PP. Determinants of Mental Health and Practice Behaviors of General Practitioners During COVID-19 Pandemic in Bali, Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:2055-2064. [PMID: 34040468 PMCID: PMC8141387 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s305373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to study the level of mental health distress and COVID-19 prevention in practice behaviors among general practitioners (GPs) in Bali, Indonesia, as well as their determinants. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional online survey. Survey recruitment material was disseminated by purposive snowballing through regional professional association as well as research team's personal acquaintances. The survey measured mental health status by DASS-21 questionnaire and practice behavior by a questionnaire based on WHO recommendations for hand hygiene and PPE use during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted multivariate analyses to identify independent determinants for mental health and practice behavior. RESULTS Analyses included 635 (41.75%) of GPs in Bali. Mental health status was relatively good with prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress of 13.2%, 19.7%, and 11% respectively, lower than previous studies in Indonesia and elsewhere. Practice behavior, however, was not considerably lower with only 65.4% and 32.1% reported consistent hand hygiene and recommended PPE use respectively. Routine optional PPE use was reported by 23.6% of respondents. Long working hours and fear of COVID-19 was identified as detrimental to mental health while consistent hand hygiene improved it. Meanwhile, workplace, work setting, and fear of COVID-19, were identified as determinants for PPE use. GPs working in primary health centers and private hospitals were also found to have less adherence to hand hygiene protocols. CONCLUSION Our results showed relatively good mental health status along with inadequate infection prevention in practice behavior of GPs in Bali, Indonesia. Intervention should be made to improve practice behavior. Determinants of practice behavior identified in this study could help to pinpoint intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firman Parulian Sitanggang
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Gede Benny Setia Wirawan
- Center for Public Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - I Md Ady Wirawan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Pande Putu Januraga
- Center for Public Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
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21
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Lee S, Choi JY, Lee W. The Impact of Long Working Hours on Cognitive Function: A Follow-Up Study with Gender Stratification. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:727-734. [PMID: 33579851 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that long working hours can have adverse consequences on health and possibly trigger biological processes that mediate the relationship between long working hours and cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether long working hours and the overall duration such exposure is associated with a decline in cognitive function. METHODS Data obtained during the Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 2,518) during the period 2006-2018 were used to explore the relationship between long working hours and cognitive decline. Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) scores were used to evaluate cognitive function. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), which were used to evaluate declines in K-MMSE scores over the 12-year study period. RESULTS Overall HR (95% CI) for a decline in cognitive function in long working hours group was 1.13 (0.73-1.17). When categorized by sex, women with long working hours had an HR (95% CI) of 1.50 (1.05-2.22), K-MMSE scores decreased significantly after working long hours for 5 years (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The study furthers understanding of the effects of long working hours on cognitive decline among female workers. Further research is required to determine the effects of long working hours on cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Lee
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Joon Yul Choi
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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22
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Wang H, Tian X, Wang X, Wang Y. Evolution and Emerging Trends in Depression Research From 2004 to 2019: A Literature Visualization Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:705749. [PMID: 34777037 PMCID: PMC8585938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.705749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression has become a major threat to human health, and researchers around the world are actively engaged in research on depression. In order to promote closer research, the study of the global depression knowledge map is significant. This study aims to map the knowledge map of depression research and show the current research distribution, hotspots, frontiers, and trends in the field of depression research, providing researchers with worthwhile information and ideas. Based on the Web of Science core collection of depression research from 2004 to 2019, this study systematically analyzed the country, journal, category, author, institution, cited article, and keyword aspects using bibliometric and data visualization methods. A relationship network of depression research was established, highlighting the highly influential countries, journals, categories, authors, institutions, cited articles, and keywords in this research field. The study identifies great research potential in the field of depression, provides scientific guidance for researchers to find potential collaborations through collaboration networks and coexistence networks, and systematically and accurately presents the hotspots, frontiers, and shortcomings of depression research through the knowledge map of global research on depression with the help of information analysis and fusion methods, which provides valuable information for researchers and institutions to determine meaningful research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xianrui Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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