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Arnetz BB, Arnetz JE, Kaminski N, Tomlin R, Cole A, Bartlett P, Crawford R, Jameson A. Relationship between Stress and Neuroimmunological Responses and Health Literacy in Newly Diagnosed HIV-Infected Patients: An Exploratory Study. AIDS Res Treat 2024; 2024:3432569. [PMID: 39345356 PMCID: PMC11436276 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3432569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to study self-rated health and psycho-neuroimmunological responses during the initial 6 months after testing positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its relationship to health literacy, that is, the ability to take in and understand information about one's illness. Health literacy plays a critical role in patients' ability to adhere to antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, there is a lack of studies on the possible impact of HIV-induced proinflammatory processes on health literacy. Methods Twelve patients with newly diagnosed HIV attending an urban Ryan White-funded HIV clinic responded to a questionnaire and had blood samples drawn at baseline (first visit) and after 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively. The questionnaire measured stress, depression, and health literacy. Blood was analyzed for HIV RNA plasma viral load, CD4 cell count, pro- and antistress, and inflammatory markers. Results Complete data for the entire 4 collection periods were available for nine patients. Over the 6-month period, mean viral load decreased from 353,714.83 (standard deviation 870,334.61) to 35.89 (14.04) copies/mL (p < 0.001). CD4 cell count increased from 321.08 (167.96) to 592.44 (300.06) cells/mm3 (p < 0.001). Self-rated stress decreased from a baseline mean of 7.33 (2.29) to 3.56 (3.21), on a 0-10 visual analogue scale, at the 6-month follow-up (p < 0.01). C-reactive protein (CRP) decreased from 5757.05 (3146.86) to 2360.84 (2277.33) ng/mL (p < 0.05). Mean health literacy score at baseline was 17.67 (3.50; scale range 0-20) and did not change during the follow-up period. However, increased stress and decreased CRP (p = 0.05) during the 6-month follow-up predicted higher health literacy scores at 6 months. Conclusion Both stress and proinflammatory processes in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients might adversely impact patients' health literacy and thus their capacity to align with treatment guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengt B Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Judith E Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Norbert Kaminski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ryan Tomlin
- Department of Pharmacy Trinity Health Grand Rapids Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew Cole
- Department of Family Medicine Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Pamela Bartlett
- Department of Research & Innovation Trinity Health Grand Rapids Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert Crawford
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Andrew Jameson
- Department of Medicine Trinity Health Grand Rapids Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
- Department of Medicine College of Human Medicine Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Jones R, Robinson AT, Beach LB, Lindsey ML, Kirabo A, Hinton A, Erlandson KM, Jenkins ND. Exercise to Prevent Accelerated Vascular Aging in People Living With HIV. Circ Res 2024; 134:1607-1635. [PMID: 38781293 PMCID: PMC11126195 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Given advances in antiretroviral therapy, the mortality rate for HIV infection has dropped considerably over recent decades. However, people living with HIV (PLWH) experience longer life spans coupled with persistent immune activation despite viral suppression and potential toxicity from long-term antiretroviral therapy use. Consequently, PLWH face a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk more than twice that of the general population, making it the leading cause of death among this group. Here, we briefly review the epidemiology of CVD in PLWH highlighting disparities at the intersections of sex and gender, age, race/ethnicity, and the contributions of social determinants of health and psychosocial stress to increased CVD risk among individuals with marginalized identities. We then overview the pathophysiology of HIV and discuss the primary factors implicated as contributors to CVD risk among PLWH on antiretroviral therapy. Subsequently, we highlight the functional evidence of premature vascular dysfunction as an early pathophysiological determinant of CVD risk among PLWH, discuss several mechanisms underlying premature vascular dysfunction in PLWH, and synthesize current research on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying accelerated vascular aging in PLWH, focusing on immune activation, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. We consider understudied aspects such as HIV-related changes to the gut microbiome and psychosocial stress, which may serve as mechanisms through which exercise can abrogate accelerated vascular aging. Emphasizing the significance of exercise, we review various modalities and their impacts on vascular health, proposing a holistic approach to managing CVD risks in PLWH. The discussion extends to critical future study areas related to vascular aging, CVD, and the efficacy of exercise interventions, with a call for more inclusive research that considers the diversity of the PLWH population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Jones
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Lauren B. Beach
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern, Chicago, IL
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern, Chicago, IL
| | - Merry L. Lindsey
- School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN
- Research Service, Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, TN
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Sobhith VK, Solomon MD. Perceived stress and its influencing factors among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in Kannur district, Kerala, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1219-1222. [PMID: 38827674 PMCID: PMC11141972 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_534_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Context The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic remains a major healthcare problem for the humanity. It is important to understand the level of stress among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA), which may have an influence on their living. Aims The main aim of the study is to assess the perceived stress and the factors influencing. Settings and Design Descriptive study. The details of a total of 750 PLHAs registered in the district were collected, and the researcher selected 210 samples using the simple random sampling method. Methods and Material The researcher used the standardised Perceived Stress Scale developed by Sheldon Cohen in 1983. Statistical Analysis Used The data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and tests. Results While analysing the perceived stress of the respondents, more than half 61% of the respondents have reported a moderate level of perceived stress. The study also depicts that perceived stress is being influenced by gender, marital status, occupation, number of dependents, and monthly income of PLHA. Conclusions PLHAs in the selected geographic area experience a significant level of perceived stress, which indicates the need for programmes to address it.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. K Sobhith
- Research Scholar, Department of Social Work, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Daniel Solomon
- Associate Professor, Department of Social Work, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Deng AP, Wang C, Cai J, Deng ZY, Mu YF, Song HJ, Meng YJ, Meng XD, Huang XH, Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhang W, Chen J, Ran MS. Effects of internet addiction and academic satisfaction on mental health among college students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1243619. [PMID: 37953935 PMCID: PMC10639123 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1243619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Internet addiction (IA) among students, worsened by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has become a social problem with the digitalization of school learning and many aspects of daily life. However, few studies on IA have been conducted among students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China. Method This large-sample, cross-sectional, online survey was conducted to explore the characteristics of IA and the association among IA, academic satisfaction, and mental health problems from December 14, 2022 to February 28, 2023 in Sichuan, China. All participants (N = 22,605) were students in colleges and universities, recruited via their teachers and professors. Results Of all the participants, 14,921 (66.0%) participants had IA. Participants with IA were more likely to have depression symptom, anxiety symptom, insomnia, and lifetime suicidal ideation. In addition, participants with severe IA had significantly higher rates of mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal ideation) than those with mild IA. A significant IA-by-academic satisfactory-interaction on mental health was identified: participants with higher level of IA showed particularly severe symptom of depression, anxiety and insomnia when affected by low satisfactory of academy (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study reveals that IA has a significantly negative impact on mental health among college students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China. IA and academic satisfaction have interactive impacts on mental health problems among students. Further educational and health policies and psychosocial interventions should be developed to reduce IA and enhance academic satisfaction for improving students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ping Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong-Yue Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun-Fei Mu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Jun Song
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Jing Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-Dong Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Hua Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Liu Z, Chen X, Li J, Xie Z, Huang Y, Luo D. HIV-related stress predicts depression over five years among people living with HIV. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1163604. [PMID: 37377546 PMCID: PMC10291293 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1163604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Extant literature has demonstrated significant associations between HIV-related stress, social support, and depression among PLWH. However, little research has been conducted on the changes in such associations over time. Our study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship between HIV-related stress, social support, and depression among PLWH over five years. Methods 320 PLWH were recruited from Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Hunan Province, China. They were assessed for depressive symptoms, HIV-related stress, and social support within 1 month of HIV diagnosis, 1 year after diagnosis, and five years after diagnosis, respectively. Relationships between these variables were examined using a fixed effect model. Result The prevalence of depressive symptoms within the first month, first year, and fifth years of HIV diagnosis was 35, 12.2, and 14.7%, respectively. Emotional stress (β: 0.730, 95% CI: 0.648, 0.811), social stress (β: 0.066, 95% CI: 0.010, 0.123), instrumental stress (β: 0.133, 95% CI:0.046, 0.221) positively predicted depression, while social support utilization (β: -0.176, 95% CI: -0.303, -0.049) negatively predicted depression. Conclusion Our study suggests that HIV-related stress and social support predict depressive symptoms over time among PLWH and that reducing HIV-related stress and improving social support in the early stages of diagnosis is extremely important in preventing depressive symptoms among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyan Liu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Furong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Xie
- Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Montgomerie EK, Michel C, Sanchez-Covarrubias AP, Duthely LM. Stress, Support, and Length of Diagnosis Among Women Living with HIV/AIDS in the Southern USA, During the COVID-19 Pandemic. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2023; 15:95-103. [PMID: 36922991 PMCID: PMC10010129 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s388307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health-related challenges caused and worsened by the global COVID-19 pandemic have proven broad and multifaceted, particularly for racial/ethnic minority women living with HIV (WLWH). The 2020 pandemic has affected the wellbeing and access to care for WLWH in Southeastern Florida, a region that experienced simultaneous high rates of COVID-19 and HIV. WLWH, over a short- or long-term period, likely utilize different coping mechanisms as they face these challenges. Methods This analysis compared pandemic-related stress and support endorsed by participants attending an urban clinic in South Florida, from January through May 2021. Participants completed an adapted version of the Pandemic Stress Index (PSI). The items in the PSI assessed emotional distress, stigma, and support, and were dichotomized, as either "stress" or "support". Mann-Whitney U-test assessed differences in distributions of PSI scores (stress and support) comparing long-term survivors (≥10 years with an HIV diagnosis) to those more recently diagnosed (<10 years). Results The cohort consisted of 63 WLWH, aged 21-71 (Mean = 42 years±12.95). The group of WLWH were almost evenly split, with 50.8% having been diagnosed in the last 10 years (short-term survivors). The high-stress group endorsed lower levels of support, compared to the low-stress group. There was a non-significant trend of higher stress scores for short-term survivors, compared to long-term survivors; and, higher support scores for long-term survivors, compared to short-term survivors. Conclusion Results suggest a trend in long-term survivor WLWH endorsing lower stress and higher support; the contrary was found for their short-term survivor counterparts. Patterns in COVID-19 related stressors and maladaptive behaviors need further exploration to establish suitable interventions that address disparities within groups of WLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Montgomerie
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Division, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cassandra Michel
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Alex P Sanchez-Covarrubias
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lunthita M Duthely
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Division of Research and Special Projects, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Cartilha para estilo de vida saudável em pessoas com HIV: ensaio clínico. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2023. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2023ao03101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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8
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Ma H, Bu M, Zhai H, Li B, Xiong L. New Insight into HIV-Related Psychological Distress: A Concept Analysis. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:60-72. [PMID: 35259946 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221081002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psychological distress is a frequently reported outcome measure in HIV research. However, because of its poor conceptualization, many studies only partially capture it because they focus solely on depression or anxiety based on symptoms. This study undertook a concept analysis of HIV-related psychological distress (HRPD) using Walker and Avant's method. The findings include HRPD's (a) attributes, including changes to emotional status, symptom burden, HIV disclosure distress and HIV-related stigma; (b) antecedents, including HIV-related stressors, cognitive appraisal of stressors and difficulty coping with the disease or treatment; and (c) consequences, including poor health outcomes and posttraumatic growth. Lazarus and Folkman's theory and the conservation of resources theory were adapted to further understand HRPD. This article provides insight into HRPD and increases the awareness of how to screen and assess HRPD at an early stage. The findings indicate the need to develop specific and rigorous measures and to provide appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqi Ma
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengru Bu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Zhai
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Older People Living with HIV Were Less Physically Active Than Their Uninfected Counterparts in China: A Matched-Sample Mediation Analysis. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:2435-2445. [PMID: 35084614 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The study compared the level of physical activity (PA) between older people living with HIV (PLWH) and their HIV-negative counterparts in China and tested the mediational roles of self-compassion, attitudes toward aging, and perceived stress in the between-group difference in PA. From December 2017 to August 2018, face-to-face interviews were conducted among 337 and 363 HIV-positive and -negative people aged ≥ 50 in Yongzhou City, Hunan, China. Path analysis was performed. The proportions of low, moderate, and high levels of PA in the HIV-positive and -negative groups were 18.9% versus 6.7%, 43.1% versus 32.0%, and 38.0% versus 61.3%, respectively, yielding a statistically significant difference. The path analysis showed that older PLWH reported less self-compassion and positive attitudes toward aging, which was in turn associated with more perceived stress and ultimately associated with less PA. Chinese older PLWH were more sedentary than their HIV-negative counterparts. Future PA interventions may modify the mediators.
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Wang Q, Fong VWI, Qin Q, Yao H, Zheng J, Wang X, Wang A, Gao Q, Mo PKH. Trends in the psychosocial and mental health of HIV-positive women in China from 2015 to 2020: Results from two cross-sectional surveys. Health Expect 2022; 25:1555-1562. [PMID: 35726358 PMCID: PMC9327813 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be one of the major public health challenges in the world. Despite the advancement in medication and changes in views towards HIV in Chinese society, little is known about the changes in the psychosocial and mental health of HIV‐positive women in recent years. Objectives The present study examined the change in depression, anxiety, stigma, relationship with the child, intimacy with a partner, and social support from family, friends, and health professionals, for HIV‐positive women in China from 2015 to 2020. Methods Two cross‐sectional surveys were conducted in 2015 and 2020, and 429 and 382 HIV‐positive women were recruited from the Women's Health Department in Yunnan and Guangxi, China between November 2015 to May 2016, and November 2019 to January 2020, respectively. Results After controlling for significant sociodemographic variables, participants recruited in 2019–2020 had significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety and higher scores on emotional and tangible support from friends. On the other hand, they had lower scores in intimacy with partners and emotional and tangible support from family. No significant changes were found in stigma, relationship with the child, and support from health professionals. Conclusion Results provide important information on the changes in psychosocial and mental health, which offer insights into the design of interventions to promote psychosocial and mental health among HIV‐positive women in China. Patient or Public Contribution HIV‐positive women contributed to the data of this study. Health care professionals were involved in the discussion of the methods and results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Antenatal Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Vivian W I Fong
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Qinghua Qin
- Antenatal Health Care Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Antenatal Health Care Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jiarui Zheng
- Antenatal Health Care Department, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Antenatal Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Wang
- Antenatal Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Antenatal Health Care Department, National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Phoenix K H Mo
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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11
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Parisi CE, Varma DS, Wang Y, Vaddiparti K, Ibañez GE, Cruz L, Cook RL. Changes in Mental Health Among People with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative and Quantitative Perspectives. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:1980-1991. [PMID: 34993668 PMCID: PMC8736305 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) are at risk for adverse mental health outcomes, which could be elevated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study describes reasons for changes in mental health among PWH during the pandemic. Data come from closed- and open-ended questions about mental health changes from a follow-up to a cohort study on PWH in Florida during part of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020-March 2021). Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Among the total sample of 227 PWH (mean age 50.0, 49.7% men, 69.2% Black/African American, 14.1% Hispanic/Latino), 30.4% reported worsened mental health, 8.4% reported improved mental health, and 61.2% reported no change. The primary reasons for worsened mental health were concerns about COVID-19, social isolation, and anxiety/stress; reasons for improved mental health included increased focus on individual wellness. Nearly one-third of the sample experienced worsened mental health. These results provide support for increased mental health assessments in HIV treatment settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Parisi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Deepthi S Varma
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Krishna Vaddiparti
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Gladys E Ibañez
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Liset Cruz
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Robert L Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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Yang S, Huang J, Ye L, Lin J, Xie Z, Guo B, Li Y, Liang B, Zheng Z, Lunze K, Abdullah AS, Liang H, Quintiliani LM. Factors Related to Smoking and Perceptions of a Behavioral Counseling and Messenger Service-Delivered Smoking Cessation Intervention for People with HIV in China: A Qualitative Study (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e35923. [PMID: 36222795 PMCID: PMC9607887 DOI: 10.2196/35923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China, where half of the adult male population smoke tobacco, has one of the highest global burdens of smoking. Smoking rates are even higher among people with HIV. People with HIV can be affected by smoking in multiple ways, including more severe HIV-related symptoms and worse antiretroviral therapy treatment outcomes. However, smoking cessation services targeted for people with HIV are not routinely integrated into HIV care in China. Given the widespread mobile phone ownership, an exploration of factors related to smoking among people with HIV in China who smoke could inform the design and implementation of mobile smoking cessation interventions that target the needs of this vulnerable population. Objective This study aims to explore the perspectives of smoking, barriers and facilitators to quitting, and perceptions related to a smoking cessation intervention delivered through behavioral counseling sessions and brief daily messenger service (WeChat)–delivered messages. Methods We recruited people with HIV from the People’s 4th Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, China, and conducted semistructured face-to-face interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim in Chinese, and translated into English for data analysis. We conducted a thematic analysis using a codebook, which was guided by a team-based consensus approach to identify 5 main themes. We also explored themes according to the demographic groups. Results A total of 24 participants were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 37.2 (SD=13.5) years. The participants had lived with HIV for a mean of 2.4 years. The majority were male (18/24, 75%) and lived in urban or metropolitan settings (19/24, 79%). We identified five main themes: variable knowledge of the harms of smoking, both related and unrelated to HIV; willpower perceived as the primary quitting strategy; a duality of the effect of social factors on quitting; perceptions about optimal features of the smoking cessation intervention (eg, messages should be brief and most frequent during the first few weeks); and the largely negative impact of their HIV diagnosis on smoking behaviors. In addition, some themes differed according to participant demographic characteristics such as age, sex, and education level. Conclusions We identified barriers to and facilitators of smoking cessation among people with HIV in China by conducting semistructured qualitative interviews. Owing to the adverse impact of smoking on HIV outcomes, targeting cessation interventions to the unique needs and preferences of people with HIV in China may be needed to increase the effectiveness of future interventions. A pilot clinical trial will be conducted in the future to evaluate this behavioral counseling and brief daily messenger service (WeChat)–delivered messages approach among people with HIV who smoke in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyin Yang
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jiegang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianyan Lin
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiman Xie
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Baodong Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bingyu Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Karsten Lunze
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Boston Univeristy School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Abu S Abdullah
- Department of Medicine, Boston Univeristy School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lisa M Quintiliani
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Boston Univeristy School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Sexual Risk Behavior and Lifetime HIV Testing: The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074372. [PMID: 35410050 PMCID: PMC8998687 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the success of HIV prevention drugs such as PrEP, HIV incident transmission rates remain a significant problem in the United States. A life-course perspective, including experiences of childhood adversity, may be useful in addressing the HIV epidemic. This paper used 2019 BRFSS data to elucidate the role that childhood adversity plays in the relationship between HIV risk and HIV testing. Participants (n = 58,258) completed self-report measures of HIV risk behaviors, HIV testing, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The median number ACEs in the sample was 1, with verbal abuse (33.9%), and parental separation (31.3%) being the most common ACEs reported. Bivariate findings showed that all ACEs were associated with increased HIV risk and testing. However, increased risk was not correlated with increased HIV testing, with the highest incongruence related to mental health problems of household member (53.48%). While both self-reported HIV risk and ACEs were positively associated with HIV testing, their interaction had a negative association with testing (aPR = 0.51, 95%CI 0.42, 0.62). The results highlight the need for targeted HIV prevention strategies for at-risk individuals with a history of childhood adversity.
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14
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Wang X, Yan C, Tong Y, Gao J, Zhou W, Lan Z, Wu J, Li H, Yin Y, Wang Y, Liu NH, Deng F. Comparison of Psycho-Social Factors Associated With Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts Among People Living With HIV in Central West China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:832624. [PMID: 35400050 PMCID: PMC8990087 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.832624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have described the correlation of suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempts (SA) in people living with HIV (PLWH), whereas few studies compare the correlation between SI and SA in PLWH. Understanding specific risk factors for SI and SA among PLWH will help with developing tailored and effective suicide prevention strategies among this high-risk group.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021 in Baoji municipality, Shaanxi Province. The PLWH registered with the Baoji Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were recruited and interviewed. Questionnaires and interviews for this study consisted of socio-demographic variables, mental health history, and psychosocial characteristics. The HIV-related clinical features were obtained from CDC medical records. The PLWH included were divided into three groups, i.e., those with a history of suicide attempts (SA group), those with suicidal ideation only (SI group), and those without any suicidal behavior (NSB group). Multinomial logistic regression was used for three-way comparisons among these three groups of PLWH.ResultsIn total, 995 PLWH were interviewed. The prevalence of probable depression, probable anxiety, SI, and SA in PLWH after being diagnosed as HIV+ was 18.6%, 13.5%, 26.7%, and 3.2%, respectively. Compared with the NSB group, the SI or SA groups were more likely to report probable depression [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.43, 4.44, respectively], probable anxiety (AOR = 2.80, 5.62, respectively), and high HIV-related stigma (AOR = 2.05, 2.65, respectively). The SI group was more likely to experience high HIV-related stress (AOR = 1.91) and lower quality of life (AOR = 0.56) than the NSB group. Social support and HIV-related clinical features were not associated with SI or SA in this sample. The SA group did not differ from the SI group on any of the psychosocial or HIV-related clinical features.ConclusionsMental health problems are serious in community residents identified with having an HIV infection in a Central West China municipality. It is important to deliver low-cost and effective psychological services tailored for PLWH that are focused on reducing mental health problems. Future studies should utilize sensitive screening measures and further clarify factors potentially associated with the transition from SI to SA in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyuan Yan
- Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoji, China
- *Correspondence: Chuanyuan Yan
| | - Yongsheng Tong
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
- Yongsheng Tong
| | - Juan Gao
- Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoji, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Lan
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention of Meixian County, Baoji, China
| | - Jianlan Wu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Li
- Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoji, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
- Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Nancy H. Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Feng Deng
- Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoji, China
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15
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Hoare J, Sevenoaks T, Mtukushe B, Williams T, Heany S, Phillips N. Global Systematic Review of Common Mental Health Disorders in Adults Living with HIV. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2021; 18:569-580. [PMID: 34792706 PMCID: PMC8600343 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-021-00583-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW By reviewing the most recent common mental health disorders (CMHD) studies in people living with HIV (PLWH) (2018-2020), this review discusses the prevalence of CMHD, factors associated with CMHD in PLWH, mental health in PLWH from vulnerable groups, the impact of CMHD on HIV disease progression and adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the efficacy of different treatment approaches. RECENT FINDINGS After screening for eligibility 142 studies were included in the final systematic review. Only 27% of studies were conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, which carries the highest burn of HIV disease globally. Despite the well-established increased risk of CMHD in PLWH, the current prevalence remains high, with studies reporting 28%-62% of PLWH having mental health symptoms. CONCLUSION Despite the significant challenges that CMHDs present to successful HIV treatment, there are many mental health treatments and interventions which can improve outcomes in PLWH and opportunities to task-shift and integrate mental health care with HIV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Hoare
- Division of Liaison Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Penisula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Tatum Sevenoaks
- Division of Liaison Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Bulelwa Mtukushe
- Division of Liaison Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Taryn Williams
- Division of Liaison Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Sarah Heany
- Division of Liaison Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Nicole Phillips
- Division of Liaison Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Mental health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
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16
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Moges NA, Adesina OA, Okunlola MA, Berhane Y, Akinyemi JO. Psychological Distress and Its Correlates among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia: Ordinal Logistic Regression Analyses. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 14:1178633721994598. [PMID: 33642865 PMCID: PMC7890707 DOI: 10.1177/1178633721994598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although there is a high burden of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), studies on mental health issues among people living with HIV are scarce. The study addressed the transition to "test and treat" guidelines for HIV, which makes it unique regarding its evaluation of psychological distress amongst newly initiated people living with HIV in the test and treat era. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 689 people newly diagnosed with HIV. Symptoms of psychological distress were measured using the Kessler-10 psychological distress assessment scale. Factors associated with psychological distress were captured using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were employed to identify predictors of psychological distress. Results The magnitude of psychological distress was 58.63% (95% CI = 55.2%-62.3%). The severity of the psychological distress of which, 17.42% had severe distress. Psychological distress was observed more among female patients (β = 0.47, AOR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.12, 2.27), patients presented with opportunistic infections (β = 0.50, AOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.03, 2.66) and being non-working functional status (β = 0.99, AOR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.64, 4.45). Moreover, patients who were malnourished (β = 0.46, AOR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.09, 2.26), having good level of knowledge on HIV prevention (β = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.39, 0.78), presented with sexually transmitted infection (β = 0.48, AOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01, 2.58), history of alcohol use (β = 0.44, AOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.09, 2.21), perceived stigma (β = 0.08, AOR = 1.09 95% CI = 1.04, 1.15) and treated in health centers (β = 0.55, AOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.25, 2.41) had higher odds of psychological distress. Conclusion The large majority of newly diagnosed HIV patients suffered from psychological distress. An increased vulnerability was observed among females, those with opportunistic and sexually transmitted infections, those having poor functional status and malnourished. Furthermore, HIV patients treated in health centers, those who had history of alcohol use and patients with high level of HIV related stigma are more negatively affected by the HIV diagnosis. Hence, all intervention strategies should target all the identified predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurilign Abebe Moges
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.,Pan African University, Life and Earth Sciences Including Health and Agriculture Institute (PAULESI), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola Adeponle Adesina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Micheal A Okunlola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Yemane Berhane
- Department of Epidemiology, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Ruiz-Algueró M, Hernando V, Marcos H, Gutiérrez G, Pérez-Elías MJ, López-Bernaldo de Quirós JC, Pulido F, Górgolas M, Sanz J, Suarez-García I, Fernandez MT, Losa JE, Pérez JL, Ladrero MO, Prieto MÁ, González G, Izquierdo A, Viloria LJ, López I, Martínez E, Castrillejo D, Aranguren R, Belmonte MA, Aranda-García IV, Arraiza A, Diaz A. Self-rated health among people living with HIV in Spain in 2019: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:129. [PMID: 33516173 PMCID: PMC7847002 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HIV infection has become a chronic disease and well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is now of particular concern. The objectives of this paper were to describe self-rated health among PLHIV, on ART and on ART virally suppressed and to analyse its determinants. Methods Data were obtained from a second-generation surveillance system based on a cross-sectional one-day survey in public hospitals. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected among HIV-infected inpatients and outpatients receiving HIV-related care the day of the survey in 86 hospitals in 2019. Self-rated health was measured using a question included in the National Health Survey: “In the last 12 months, how would you rate your health status?” an ordinal variable with five categories (very good, good, moderate, bad and very bad). For the analysis, these responses were dichotomized into two categories: 1 = very good/good and 0 = moderate, bad or very bad health status. Factors associated with very good/good self-rated health were estimated using logistic regression. Results Of 800 PLHIV, 67.5% perceived their health as very good/good, 68.4% among PLHIV on ART and 71.7% of those virally suppressed. Having university education (adjusted odds ratio (aOR):2.1), being unemployed (aOR:0.3) or retired (aOR:0.2), ever being diagnosed of AIDS (aOR:0.6), comorbidities (aOR:0.3), less than 2 year since HIV diagnosis (aOR:0.3) and not receiving ART (aOR:0.3) were associated with good self-rated health. Moreover, among PLHIV on ART, viral load less than 200 copies (aOR:3.2) were related to better perceived health. Bad adherence was inversely associated with good self-rated health among PLHIV on ART (aOR:0.5) and of those virally suppressed (aOR:0.4). Conclusions Nearly seven in 10 PLHIV in Spain considered their health status as very good/good, being higher among virally suppressed PLHIV. Both demographic and clinical determinants affect quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ruiz-Algueró
- Unidad de vigilancia de VIH, ITS y hepatitis, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Hernando
- Unidad de vigilancia de VIH, ITS y hepatitis, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Henar Marcos
- Servicio de Vigilancia Epidemiológica y Enfermedades Transmisibles, DG de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Epidemiología, DG de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | | | | | - Federico Pulido
- Unidad VIH, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. imas12.UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Górgolas
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y VIH, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Sanz
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ines Suarez-García
- Grupo de enfermedades infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain.,FIIB HUIS HHEN, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Emilio Losa
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pérez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Parla, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Oliva Ladrero
- Coordinación de VIH/sida, Servicio de Promoción de la Salud y Prevención de la Enfermedad, D.G. de Salud Pública, Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Prieto
- Servicio de Evaluación de la Salud y Programas, DG de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Gustavo González
- Oficina de Coordinación VIH de Extremadura, Servicio de Participación Comunitaria en Salud, DG de Salud Pública, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Mérida, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Ana Izquierdo
- Servicio de Epidemiología y Promoción de la Salud, DG de Salud Pública, Servicio Canario de la Salud, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canarias, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Viloria
- Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, DG de Salud Pública, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Irene López
- Servicio de Prevención y Epidemiología del Plan sobre sida, Consejería de Sanidad y Consumo, Ceuta, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez
- Sección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica y Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles, DG de Salud Pública y Consumo, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Daniel Castrillejo
- Servicio de Epidemiología, DG de Sanidad y Consumo, Consejería de Bienestar Social y Sanidad, Melilla, Spain
| | - Rosa Aranguren
- Coordinación Autonómica de Drogas y de la Estrategia de Sida, DG de Salut Pública i Consum, Conselleria de Salut, Família i Bienestar Social, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Maria Antonia Belmonte
- Servicio de Promoción y Educación para la Salud, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Adicciones, Consejería de Salud, Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain
| | - I V Aranda-García
- Servicio Promoción de la Salud y Prevención en la Etapas de la Vida, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Adicciones, Conselleria de Sanitat Universal i Salut Pública, Valencia, Comunidad Valenciana, Spain
| | - Antonio Arraiza
- Programas de Salud, Direccion General, Osakidetza, San Sebastian, País Vasco, Spain
| | - Asuncion Diaz
- Unidad de vigilancia de VIH, ITS y hepatitis, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Yan DQ, Huang YX, Chen X, Wang M, Li J, Luo D. Application of the Chinese Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in People Living With HIV: Preliminary Reliability and Validity. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:676022. [PMID: 34295273 PMCID: PMC8291081 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.676022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) has been a widely used instrument measuring sleep quality among people living with HIV (PLWH) in China while its psychometric properties have yet to be examined in this population. We aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PSQI in PLWH and identify factors associated with sleep quality. Methods: This study was based on a longitudinal study of newly diagnosed PLWH, among whom the PSQI was used to measure sleep quality 5 years after HIV diagnosis (n = 386). To evaluate internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha and corrected item-total correlation were calculated. To assess construct validity, Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated between PSQI scores and depression, anxiety, stress, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Known group validity was evaluated by comparing PSQI scores between participants with probable depression and those without. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with sleep disturbances. Results: The internal consistency Cronbach's alpha for the Chinese version of PSQI in PLWH was 0.713. Construct validity was established by significant relationships between PSQI and depression, anxiety, stress, and HRQoL. The PSQI scores in participants with probable depression were significantly higher than those without, indicating good known-group validity. Sleep disturbances were associated with less income, higher CD4 counts, antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation, exercise, depression, and higher stress levels. Conclusions: The Chinese version of PSQI is feasible for use among Chinese PLWH. Over a third of PLWH reported sleep disturbances. More attention should be given to individuals with less income and on ART. Intervention aimed at improving mental health or facilitating exercise may improve sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Qin Yan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Xiang Huang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wang
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Institute, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Li
- Furong District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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The Disparities in Mental Health between Gay and Bisexual Men Following Positive HIV Diagnosis in China: A One-Year Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103414. [PMID: 32422918 PMCID: PMC7277388 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the change in mental health (depression and anxiety) among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men (GBM) one year after diagnosis and the disparities in trajectories of mental health between them. The potential factors contributing to the disparities were also investigated. This was a one-year follow-up study focusing on the mental health of newly diagnosed HIV-positive individuals. Participants rated their depression, anxiety, stress, and social support levels at baseline and one year later. Information on the utilization of mental healthcare and the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after diagnosis was collected at one-year follow-up. A total of 171 and 87 HIV-positive gay and bisexual men, respectively, completed two-time points surveys in this study. The depressive and anxiety symptoms experienced by HIV-positive GBM improvement one year after diagnosis. These improvements tended to be smaller in gay participants. Other factors including mental health care utilization and ART status during the one-year follow-up period, changes in social stress scores and objective social support scores were also associated with the changes in depression and anxiety, and all these factors, except for change in objective support, were found to be statistically different between HIV-positive GBM. Special attention should be given to the mental health of HIV-positive gay men. Promoting HIV-positive gay men to assess to mental health services and ART may be important for these populations to improve mental health. Enhancing social support and reducing stress levels may also be necessary for the vulnerable HIV-positive sexual minority groups.
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