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Youssef D, Abou-Abass L, Hassan H. Unveiling the unknown: first comprehensive assessment of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of hospital cleaning services staff regarding COVID-19 in Lebanon during the pandemic. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:134. [PMID: 37461121 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital cleaners are the unsung heroes in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of hospital cleaners towards COVID-19 and determine factors associated with good practices. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lebanon between the 1st and 14th November 2020. Using a snowball sampling technique, data were collected through an online survey that was sent to governmental and private hospitals. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic characteristics and KAP of hospital cleaners towards COVID-19. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS A total of 453 cleaners completed the survey, of whom 54.3% were females. Most participants had a good level of COVID-19 knowledge (98%) and good preventive practices (89.7%). Regarding attitude, 90.7% had a positive attitude toward health facilities, 78.8% toward cleaning and disinfection, and 73.5% toward health authorities. Sociodemographic characteristics, including younger age, higher levels of education, working in private hospitals, and having more than 3 years of experience, were positively associated with good preventive practices. Our results also showed that participants who had good knowledge about COVID-19, COVID-19 prevention and treatment, cleaning and disinfection processes, and COVID-19 risk factors had a higher likelihood of positive preventive practices. Finally, a positive attitude toward health facilities, health authorities, and cleaning and disinfection was positively associated with good practices. CONCLUSION The surveyed cleaners have a high level of knowledge and expressed positive attitudes toward health facilities and health authorities, as well as good preventive practices. Understanding the determinants of cleaning performance is critical in tailoring interventions to improve hospital cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalal Youssef
- Clinical Trial Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Bordeaux Research Center for Population Health, Institut de sante publique, d'epidemiologie et de developpement (ISPED), Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
- Lebanese Higher Institute of Technical and Professional, Ministry of Education, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Linda Abou-Abass
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Chauhan A, Patel MK, Nayak MK, Saini SS. Chargeability study of disinfectants and the optimization of design parameters of a handheld electrostatic disinfection device for small scale applications. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286740. [PMID: 37289733 PMCID: PMC10249885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from aerosols, contaminated surfaces with SARS-CoV-2 virus are the significant carriers of virus transmission. The disinfection and sanitization of the indoor and outdoor places are one among the powerful and effective strategies to avoid the surface-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) through frequent touch and physical contact. Electrostatic spraying is one of the effective and efficient methods to apply the liquid-based sprays on surfaces to be disinfected or sanitized. This technique covers the directly exposed and obscured surfaces uniformly and reaches to hidden areas of the target. In this paper, the design and performance parameters of a motorized pressure-nozzle based handheld electrostatic disinfection device were optimized and the chargeability of ethanol (C2H5OH), formaldehyde (CH2O), glutaraldehyde (C5H8O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), phenol (C6H5OH) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) has been critically investigated. The chargeability indicator for disinfectants was presented in terms of the charge-to-mass ratio. The significant value of the charge-to-mass ratio of 1.82 mC/kg was achieved at an applied voltage of 2.0 kV, the liquid flow rate and pressure of 28 ml/min and 5 MPa, respectively. The experimental results are well aligned to the proposed theoretical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Chauhan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Manufacturing Science and Instrumentation (MSI), CSIR–Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Patel
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Manufacturing Science and Instrumentation (MSI), CSIR–Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Nayak
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Materials Science and Sensor Applications (MSSA), CSIR–Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Surender Singh Saini
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Indo Swiss Training Centre (ISTC), CSIR–Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
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Bendikiene R, Jutas A, Nagys P, Sipailiene A. Study of Mechanical and Sanitary Properties of Artificial Cast Stone Products. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1009. [PMID: 36770016 PMCID: PMC9919224 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper aimed to analyse the mechanical and sanitary properties of artificial cast stone. To create an artificial stone product of the desired shape and design, a thermoforming process is used, during which heavy presses shape the artificial stone parts at a certain temperature. According to experimental studies, the most suitable temperature for monochromatic and patterned cast stone thermoforming is 160 °C when the material has the least bending resistance and does not react strongly to heat. It is observed that the cast stone bends more easily as the distance increases. The bending test of the glued samples made it possible to find out which of the three gluing methods is the most resistant to the forces acting on the samples during bending. The sanitary properties of the artificial stone were compared with the properties of other commonly used surfaces. In the microbiological study, suspensions of three different bacteria were spread on stainless steel, laminated particleboard and artificial cast stone, and washes were taken from 100 cm2 after 25 min. The results showed that the artificial stone after washing had the lowest number of colonies forming units per cm2, which supports the claim of excellent sanitary properties of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regita Bendikiene
- Department of Production Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Str. 56, 51424 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Jutas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Str. 56, 51424 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulius Nagys
- JSC Gforma, Drobės Str. 29G, 45189 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ausra Sipailiene
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Str. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Boyd E, Coombe M, Prystajecky N, Caleta JM, Sekirov I, Tyson J, Himsworth C. Hands off the Mink! Using Environmental Sampling for SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance in American Mink. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1248. [PMID: 36674005 PMCID: PMC9858792 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous non-human species were shown to be susceptible to natural infection by SARS-CoV-2, including farmed American mink. Once infected, American mink can transfer the virus from mink to human and mink to mink, resulting in a high rate of viral mutation. Therefore, outbreak surveillance on American mink farms is imperative for both mink and human health. Historically, disease surveillance on mink farms has consisted of a combination of mortality and live animal sampling; however, these methodologies have significant limitations. This study compared PCR testing of both deceased and live animal samples to environmental samples on an active outbreak premise, to determine the utility of environmental sampling. Environmental sampling mirrored trends in both deceased and live animal sampling in terms of percent positivity and appeared more sensitive in some low-prevalence instances. PCR CT values of environmental samples were significantly different from live animal samples' CT values and were consistently high (mean CT = 36.2), likely indicating a low amount of viral RNA in the samples. There is compelling evidence in favour of environmental sampling for the purpose of disease surveillance, specifically as an early warning tool for SARS-CoV-2; however, further work is needed to ultimately determine whether environmental samples are viable sources for molecular epidemiology investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Boyd
- Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Government of British Columbia, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michelle Coombe
- Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Government of British Columbia, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Natalie Prystajecky
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | | | - Inna Sekirov
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - John Tyson
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada
| | - Chelsea Himsworth
- Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Government of British Columbia, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Trend of Academic Productivity in Plastic Surgery and the Impact of COVID-19: A Bibliometric Analysis. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:454-460. [PMID: 36184772 PMCID: PMC9943715 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic surgery has grown rapidly over the past decade, with increasing scientific output. The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a considerable impact on plastic surgery. OBJECTIVE To identify trends in published literature in plastic surgery from 2011 to 2021. To explore the impact of COVID-19 on scientific research output through bibliometric analysis methods. METHODS Web of Science was searched by authors on December 23, 2021. Published papers about plastic surgery over the last decade were analyzed. The search output was imported into VOSviewer for science mapping. RESULTS The actual number of papers related to plastic surgery during the COVID-19 period was higher than expected one. For scientific outputs in plastic surgery, keywords about surgical practice had a high frequency. "Reconstruction," "effect," "flap," "tissue," "defect," "model" maintained a high level of heat before and after COVID-19. The heat of "risk," "complication," "review," "infection," "cohort," and "meta-analysis" increased after the outbreak of COVID-19. The international collaboration showed an upward trend despite the impact of COVID-19. From the perspective of the volume of plastic surgery publications, some journals had a more positive performance compared to the pre-epidemic period. The proportion of original articles decreased after the spread of COVID-19 from 70.26% to 63.84%. CONCLUSION Although the COVID-19 has a profound impact on the healthcare industry, the bibliographic data reveals an increasing scientific output in the field of plastic surgery over time. For plastic surgery, high-frequency terms, research hotspots, popular journals, article types, and international collaboration have changed under the influence of COVID-19.
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Qazi N, Pawar M, Padhly PP, Pawar V, D'Amico C, Nicita F, Fiorillo L, Alushi A, Minervini G, Meto A. Teledentistry: Evaluation of Instagram posts related to bruxism. Technol Health Care 2023; 31:1923-1934. [PMID: 36872812 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Instagram statistic has attracted roughly one billion, monthly active users. In 2021, Instagram belonged to the most popular social networks worldwide. It has been considered an effective tool that contributes to the contemporary sharing of information for raising public awareness while providing educational information. The growing presence of Instagram and frequent user engagement has made it a potentially effective platform for patient communication, seeking educational information, product information for consumers, and advertisements in the form of images and videos. OBJECTIVE To assess and compare the contents of Instagram posts by healthcare professionals (HP) and non-professional healthcare workers (NPHW) on bruxism and to assess public engagement with this content. METHODS Twelve "hashtag" terms linked to bruxism were searched. HP and NPHW analyzed the content of relevant posts for the presence of domains. Discourse analysis assessed the post quality for themes. We conducted the descriptive and univariate statistical analysis, whereas inter-rater reliability was tested using Cohen's kappa. RESULTS A total of 1184 posts were retrieved, with the majority uploaded by NPHW (622 posts). The posts by HPs were in text and image(s) format (53%) with the range of 25-1100 Instagram post "Likes." "Mouthguard" (90) % was the most frequently included domain posted by HP, followed by "treatment plan/pain management", and complaints of clicking or locking of TMJ" (84%). Greater number of domains (p= 0.03) were seen in the posts by NPHWs, compared to HP's having more bruxism-related content. The inter-rater reliability method (0.89) was used for the presence of domains. CONCLUSION NPHW uses Instagram more frequently to post bruxism-related information than HP. HPs must ascertain that the content posted by NPHW is relevant and the concerns addressed in posts are to the purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Qazi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Madhura Pawar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Preeti P Padhly
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Vivek Pawar
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, SMBT Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Dhamangaon, Nashik, India
| | - Cesare D'Amico
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabiana Nicita
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, Tirana, Albania
| | - Adela Alushi
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, Tirana, Albania
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Aida Meto
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, Tirana, Albania
- Clinical Microbiology, School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Niu Z, Scarciotti G. Ranking the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions to counter COVID-19 in UK universities with vaccinated population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13039. [PMID: 35906452 PMCID: PMC9336164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several universities around the world have resumed in-person teaching after successful vaccination campaigns have covered 70/80% of the population. In this study, we combine a new compartmental model with an optimal control formulation to discover, among different non-pharmaceutical interventions, the best prevention strategy to maximize on-campus activities while keeping spread under control. Composed of two interconnected Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Quarantined-Recovered (SEIQR) structures, the model enables staff-to-staff infections, student-to-staff cross infections, student-to-student infections, and environment-to-individual infections. Then, we model input variables representing the implementation of different non-pharmaceutical interventions and formulate and solve optimal control problems for four desired scenarios: minimum number of cases, minimum intervention, minimum non-quarantine intervention, and minimum quarantine intervention. Our results reveal the particular significance of mask wearing and social distancing in universities with vaccinated population (with proportions according to UK data). The study also reveals that quarantining infected students has a higher importance than quarantining staff. In contrast, other measures such as environmental disinfection seems to be less important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Niu
- EEE, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Giordano Scarciotti
- EEE, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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A Review on Risk Management of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) Infection in Dental Practice: Focus on Prosthodontics and All-Ceramic Materials. PROSTHESIS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis4030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: A novel β-coronavirus infection (COVID-19) was first detected in Wuhan city, spreading rapidly to other countries and leading to a pandemic. Dental professionals and patients are exposed to a high risk of COVID-19 infection, particularly in the prosthodontic practice, because of the bio-aerosol produced during teeth preparation with dental handpieces and the strict contact with oral fluids during impression making. This paper aimed to provide an overview to limit the risk of transmission of COVID-19 infections during prosthetic procedures in dental offices. Methods: An electronic search was conducted on the electronic databases of PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, Dynamed, and Open Grey with the following queries: (COVID-19) AND/OR (SARS-CoV-2) AND/OR (Coronavirus) AND/OR (contaminated surface) AND/OR (cross-infection) AND/OR (Prosthodontics) AND/OR (dental ceramic) AND/OR (glass-ceramic). A manual search was performed as well. Results: From the 1023 collected records, 32 papers were included. Conclusions: Dental offices are at high risk of spreading SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the close contact with patients and continuous exposure to saliva during dental procedures. Therefore, pre-check triages via telephone, decontamination, the disinfection of impressions, the sterilization of scanner tips, and the use of specific personal protective equipment, dental high-speed handpieces with dedicated anti-retraction valves, and effective mouthwashes are strongly recommended.
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Air Quality in a Dental Skills Lab during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Results of an Experimental Study. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:9973623. [PMID: 35769944 PMCID: PMC9234770 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9973623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to analyze different ways to control air quality during/after aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a small skills lab with restricted natural air ventilation in preclinical dental training (worst-case scenario for aerogen infection control). Different phases were investigated (AGP1: intraoral high-volume evacuation (HVE); AGP2: HVE plus an extraoral mobile scavenger (EOS)) and afterward (non-AGP1: air conditioning system (AC), non-AGP2: AC plus opened door). Methods Continuous data collection was performed for PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 (µg/m3), CO2 concentration (ppm), temperature (K), and humidity (h−1) during two summer days (AGP: n = 30; non-AGP: n = 30). While simulating our teaching routine, no base level for air parameters was defined. Therefore, the change in each parameter (Δ = [post]-[pre] per hour) was calculated. Results We found significant differences in ΔPM2.5 and ΔPM1 values (median (25/75th percentiles)) comparing AGP2 versus AGP1 (ΔPM2.5: 1.6(0/4.9)/−3.5(−10.0/−1.1), p=0.003; ΔPM1: 1.6(0.6/2.2)/−2.2(−9.3/−0.5), p=0.001). Between both non-AGPs, there were no significant differences in all the parameters that were measured. ΔCO2 increased in all AGP phases (AGP1/AGP2: 979.0(625.7/1126.9)/549.9(4.0/788.8)), while during non-AGP phases, values decreased (non-AGP1/non-AGP2: −447.3(−1122.3/641.2)/−896.6(−1307.3/−510.8)). ∆Temperature findings were similar (AGP1/AGP2: 12.5(7.8/17.0)/9.3(1.8/15.3) versus non-AGP1/non-AGP2: −13.1(−18.7/0)/−14.7(−16.8/−6.8); p ≤ 0.003)), while for ∆humidity, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found. Conclusions Within the limitations of the study, the combination of HVE and EOS was similarly effective in controlling aerosol emissions of particles between one and ten micrometers in skill labs during AGPs versus that during non-AGPs. After AGPs, air exchange with the AC should be complemented by open doors for better air quality if natural ventilation through open windows is restricted.
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Sharma P, Jaiswal VK, Saha S, Aswal DK. Metrological Traceability and Crucial Detector Characteristics for UVC Metrology in UVGI Applications. MAPAN 2022. [PMCID: PMC8963398 DOI: 10.1007/s12647-021-00527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-C (UVC) radiation-based sanitization has globally gained enormous importance in the current COVID-19 (caused by SARS-COV-2 virus) pandemic situation. The effectiveness of radiation sanitization is quantified in terms of ‘radiation dose’, which in turn is derived from a radiometric parameter ‘irradiance’, measured using UVC radiometer. Metrological traceability of irradiance/dose measurement is essentially required for achieving requisite accuracy of measurements, and hence germicidal efficacy. In the present article, the derivation of traceability for irradiance measurement using UVC radiometer is demonstrated. The critical conditions to be considered while using detector/radiometer for measuring UVC irradiance/dose in practical conditions are elaborated, avoiding which, significant errors in the UVC irradiance/dose may arise, and hence, may compromise the performance of the Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - V. K. Jaiswal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Shibu Saha
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - D. K. Aswal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Kruszewska E, Grześ H, Czupryna P, Pancewicz S, Groth M, Wondim M, Moniuszko-Malinowska A. Corrigendum: Fogging With Peracetic Acid in Schools and Kindergartens. Front Public Health 2022; 10:867618. [PMID: 35372218 PMCID: PMC8964362 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.867618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kruszewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Henryk Grześ
- Microbiology Laboratory, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Czupryna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Pancewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Groth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mulugeta Wondim
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Fazio M, Lombardo C, Marino G, Marya A, Messina P, Scardina GA, Tocco A, Torregrossa F, Valenti C. LinguAPP: An m-Health Application for Teledentistry Diagnostics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:822. [PMID: 35055643 PMCID: PMC8775778 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
An Android/iOS application for low-cost mobile devices to aid in dental diagnosis through questionnaire and photos is presented in this paper. The main purposes of our app lie in the ease of use even for nonexperienced users, in the limited hardware requirements that allow a wide diffusion, and in the possibility to modify the questionnaire for different pathologies. This tool was developed in about a month at the beginning of the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and is still in use in Italy to allow support to patients without going to the hospital, if not strictly necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matia Fazio
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Christian Lombardo
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Marino
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Anand Marya
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia
| | - Pietro Messina
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (C.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Antonino Tocco
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Cesare Valenti
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.); (A.T.)
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13
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Delgado Corrales B, Kaiser R, Nerlich P, Agraviador A, Sherry A. BioMateriOME: To understand microbe-material interactions within sustainable, living architectures. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 122:77-126. [PMID: 37085194 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BioMateriOME evolved from a prototyping process which was informed from discussions between a team of designers, architects and microbiologists, when considering constructing with biomaterials or human cohabitation with novel living materials in the built environment. The prototype has two elements (i) BioMateriOME-Public (BMP), an interactive public materials library, and (ii) BioMateriOME-eXperimental (BMX), a replicated materials library for rigorous microbiome experimentation. The prototype was installed into the OME, a unique experimental living house, in order to (1) gain insights into society's perceptions of living materials, and (2) perform a comparative analysis of indoor surface microbiome development on novel biomaterials in contrast to conventional indoor surfaces, respectively. This review summarizes the BioMateriOME prototype and its use as a tool in combining microbiology, design, architecture and social science. The use of microbiology and biological components in the fabrication of biomaterials is provided, together with an appreciation of the microbial communities common to conventional indoor surfaces, and how these communities may change in response to the implementation of living materials in our homes. Societal perceptions of microbiomes and biomaterials, are considered within the framework of healthy architecture. Finally, features of architectural design with microbes in mind are introduced, with the possibility of codifying microbial surveillance into design and construction benchmarks, standards and regulations toward healthier buildings and their occupants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Delgado Corrales
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Romy Kaiser
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Nerlich
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Armand Agraviador
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Sherry
- Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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14
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The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Cytokine Storm due to COVID-19. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3178796. [PMID: 34840969 PMCID: PMC8626179 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3178796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has seriously affected public health and social stability. The main route of the transmission is droplet transmission, where the oral cavity is the most important entry point to the body. Due to both the direct harmful effects of SARS-CoV-2 and disordered immune responses, some COVID-19 patients may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome or even multiple organ failure. Genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been emerging and circulating around the world. Currently, there is no internationally approved precise treatment for COVID-19. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can traffic and migrate towards the affected tissue, regulate both the innate and acquired immune systems, and participate in the process of healing. Here, we will discuss and investigate the mechanisms of immune disorder in COVID-19 and the therapeutic activity of MSCs, in particular human gingiva mesenchymal stem cells.
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15
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Fernandes IDA, Castro IMD, Andrade JZ, Turozi NR, Rosa RDS, Oliveira VHGD, Úbida SN, Keller R, Winkelstroter LK, Pereira VC. Main aspects and prophylatic measures of COVID-19 in Brazil. ABCS HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.7322/abcshs.2021069.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
From the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the country became the third in the world in number of cases and deaths. Despite the measures implemented by the government, the number of infected and killed by COVID-19 continues to increase and the country faces several other problems that include social and political aspects, making it difficult to contain the pandemic. The present study aimed to address the general characteristics of SARS-Cov-2, as well as to point out the main socio-epidemiological aspects in Brazil, and the treatment of COVID 19. A literature review was carried out to search for articles in PubMed, Scielo and Google databases. Scholar until October 6, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 may be asymptomatic, but among symptomatic patients the severity of the disease is related to age and pre-existing medical conditions. The lungs are the organs most affected by the virus and, for this reason, respiratory manifestations such as cough, shortness of breath, sputum production, sore throat and nasal congestion are the symptoms most associated with COVID-19 The transmission of SARS-COV-2 between humans occur mainly through respiratory droplets, but they can also occur through contact with contaminated surfaces. Vaccine tests were carried out approved by the World Health Organization (WHO). Brazil stands out in second world position, with five approved vaccines, Pfizer-BioNTech, Oxford-AstraZeneca, /CoronaVac (Sinovac), Janssen /Covishiel
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16
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The impact of COVID-19 on knowledge, attitude, and infection control behaviors among dentists. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:584. [PMID: 34798843 PMCID: PMC8602991 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study seeks to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 on knowledge, attitude, and infection control behaviors among dentists. METHODS Changes in knowledge, attitude, and infection control behaviors reported in 2020 (COVID-19 period) were compared to the historical control of the non-COVID-19 period in 2018. A proportional random sampling method was used to select the study samples from 400 dental institutions. The response rate was 69% in 2018 and 62.8% in 2020. A total of 276 dentists in 2018 and 251 dentists in 2020 responded to this questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the associations between factors and recommended infection control practices. RESULTS High rates of correct COVID-19 knowledge (94.76%), fears of being infected with the virus (94%) and use of personal protective equipment (mask, glove and protection gown; 95%) were reported. We found that knowledge regarding environmental infection control, HIV transmission, and the window of HIV transmission were significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 period compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. High compliance rates of wearing mask, gloves and protection were reported. The number of dentists wearing a hair cap and a protective eye mask/face shield during the pandemic significantly increased compared with that noted before the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with the use of a hair cap and an eye mask/face shield differed between the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods. The factors associated with compliance regarding environment infection control also differed between the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods. CONCLUSION The significant impact of COVID-19 on the knowledge, attitude, and infection control behaviors among dental care workers was observed in the current study. In particular, the use of hair caps and protective eye mask or face shields as well as environmental disinfection protocols has significantly improved. Trial registration TMU-JIRB: N201804006.
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17
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Córdoba-Lanús E, García-Pérez O, Cazorla-Rivero S, Rodríguez-Esparragón F, Piñero JE, Clavo B, Lorenzo-Morales J. Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on personal protective equipment (PPE). BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:1169. [PMID: 34798820 PMCID: PMC8603335 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06861-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 stability and infection persistence has been studied on different surfaces, but scarce data exist related to personal protective equipment (PPE), moreover using realist viral loads for infection. Due to the importance for adequate PPE management to avoid risk of virus infection, RNA stability was evaluated on PPE. METHODS Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and detection of genomic RNA in PPE (gowns and face masks) were determined by in-vitro assays and RT-qPCR, respectively. Samples were infected with a clinical sample positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Clin-Inf), and with a heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 strain sample (Str-Inf) as a control. RESULTS PPE samples infected with Clin-Inf were positive for the 3 viral genes on gowns up to 5 days post-infection, whereas these overall genes were detected up to 30 days in the case of face masks. However, gowns and FFP2 masks samples contaminated with Clin-Inf showed a cytopathic effect over VERO cells up to 5-7 days post-infection. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on different PPE materials for 5 to 30 days, but PPE contaminated with the virus was infectious up to 5-7 days. These findings demonstrate the need to improve PPE management and to formulate strategies to introduce viricidal compounds in PPE fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de La Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. .,Departamento de Medicina Interna, Dermatología y Psiquiatría, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. .,Red Cooperativa de Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de La Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina Interna, Dermatología y Psiquiatría, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Red Cooperativa de Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Cazorla-Rivero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de La Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina Interna, Dermatología y Psiquiatría, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Red Cooperativa de Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Esparragón
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Fundación Canaria del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José-Enrique Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de La Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Red Cooperativa de Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Bernardino Clavo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Fundación Canaria del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,RETIC de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), BioPharm Group, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de La Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.,Red Cooperativa de Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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18
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Di Luise E, Magni PA. Interim recommendations for the management of forensic investigation during the COVID-19 pandemic: An Italian perspective. Sci Justice 2021; 61:735-742. [PMID: 34802647 PMCID: PMC8375245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading around the world, representing a global pandemic. In this context, governments from around the world suspended almost all education, industry and business activities, alongside restricting the movement of people. Nevertheless, during this period, the activity of the law enforcement and forensic investigators never stopped. At present, guidelines regarding forensic autopsies of SARS-CoV-2 virus-positive cases and the handling of potentially infected biological samples are available in literature. However, less attention has been given to the development of specific adjustments to the existing crime scene investigation protocols and procedures for this exceptional time. This manuscript aims to share the methods and strategies adopted for the investigation of high priority criminal cases during the pandemic. Furthermore, other pandemic-related processes are critically explored, in order to propose adjustments for any forensic services to be prepared to face similar challenges in the future. The overall goal of this manuscript is to provide a summary of the main measures and the procedures developed to make the operations possible, while safeguarding the technicians in the field and the activity in the forensic laboratory. In order to minimize the risk of infection for personnel, adjustments to the standard practice have been proposed for each of the different phases of crime scene management, i.e. CSI call policy, equipment preparation, working groups, procedure at the scene, chain of custody and analyses of the evidence at the forensic lab. As this is a current study, based on limited cases and limited sources in the literature, changes and updates to the indications provided in this paper may be needed in the near future, according to new virological data epidemiological trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Di Luise
- Commander of Sezione Intervento Operativo (S.I.O.) - Arma Carabinieri, Reparto Carabinieri Investigazioni Scientifiche (R.I.S.), di Messina, Italy; Laboratory of Forensic Biology, Arma Carabinieri, Reparto Carabinieri Investigazioni Scientifiche (R.I.S.), di Messina, Italy
| | - Paola A Magni
- Discipline of Medical, Molecular & Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Murdoch University Singapore, King's Centre, 390 Havelock Road, Singapore 169662, Singapore.
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19
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Filip R, Anchidin-Norocel L, Gheorghita R, Savage WK, Dimian M. Changes in Dietary Patterns and Clinical Health Outcomes in Different Countries during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Nutrients 2021; 13:3612. [PMID: 34684615 PMCID: PMC8539259 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to an excess in community mortality across the globe. We review recent evidence on the clinical pathology of COVID-19, comorbidity factors, immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and factors influencing infection outcomes. The latter specifically includes diet and lifestyle factors during pandemic restrictions. We also cover the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through food products and the food chain, as well as virus persistence on different surfaces and in different environmental conditions, which were major public concerns during the initial days of the pandemic, but have since waned in public attention. We discuss useful measures to avoid the risk of SARS-CoV-2 spread through food, and approaches that may reduce the risk of contamination with the highly contagious virus. While hygienic protocols are required in food supply sectors, cleaning, disinfection, avoidance of cross-contamination across food categories, and foodstuffs at different stages of the manufacturing process are still particularly relevant because the virus persists at length on inert materials such as food packaging. Moreover, personal hygiene (frequent washing and disinfection), wearing gloves, and proper use of masks, clothes, and footwear dedicated to maintaining hygiene, provide on-site protections for food sector employees as well as supply chain intermediates and consumers. Finally, we emphasize the importance of following a healthy diet and maintaining a lifestyle that promotes physical well-being and supports healthy immune system function, especially when government movement restrictions ("lockdowns") are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Filip
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (R.F.); (R.G.); (W.K.S.)
- Regional County Emergency Hospital, 720224 Suceava, Romania
| | - Liliana Anchidin-Norocel
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (R.F.); (R.G.); (W.K.S.)
| | - Roxana Gheorghita
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (R.F.); (R.G.); (W.K.S.)
- Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Wesley K. Savage
- Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; (R.F.); (R.G.); (W.K.S.)
- Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Mihai Dimian
- Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
- Department of Computers, Electronics and Automation, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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20
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Kruszewska E, Grześ H, Czupryna P, Pancewicz S, Groth M, Wondim M, Moniuszko-Malinowska A. Fogging With Peracetic Acid in Schools and Kindergartens. Front Public Health 2021; 9:697917. [PMID: 34604154 PMCID: PMC8486081 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.697917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Disinfection is a key element in controlling infections. Fogging, also known as fumigation, is one of the most effective chemical disinfection methods. Peracetic acid (PAA) is a powerful oxidant with bactericidal and fungicidal properties. The aim of this study is to determine the type of bacteria and fungi present in educational institutions and whether disinfection by PAA fumigation in these institutions is also effective and useful, as demonstrated previously in healthcare centers. This study was carried out in five kindergartens and five primary schools in Bialystok, Poland. Three rooms have been selected in each of these educational institutions, and the disinfection was carried out in 30 rooms in total. Fogging with PAA was performed in selected rooms. Before and after disinfection, samples were collected from four surfaces: walls, tables, doors, and chair backs. Most frequently detected microorganisms in schools and kindergartens were Micrococcus luteus (M. luteus), Staphylococcus warneri (S. warneri), Paracoccus yeei (P. yeei), Staphylococcus hominis ssp. hominis (S. hominis), Kocuria rhizophila (K. rhizophila), Kocuria rosea (K. rosea). In addition, Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus), Acinetobacter lwoffii (A. lwoffii), Kocuria kristinae (K. kristinae), Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (L. lactis) were the most prevalent in kindergartens, whereas Kytococcus sedentarius (K. sedentarius) was the most prevalent in schools. Comparison of the bacterial flora of schools and kindergartens showed statistically significant differences in the prevalence of bacteria on different surfaces. A significant decrease in the number of colonies after disinfection was observed on all surfaces (p < 0.05). In addition, the calculated effectiveness of disinfection was 99.7% in kindergartens and 99.3% in schools. The results indicate that fogging of PAA is a highly effective method of surface disinfection in kindergartens and schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kruszewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Henryk Grześ
- Microbiology Laboratory, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Czupryna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Pancewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Groth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mulugeta Wondim
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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21
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Long-Term Complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019; What the Oral Surgeon Needs To Know. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:e652-e655. [PMID: 34705368 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 manifests mainly as respiratory symptoms. Extrapulmonary manifestations have also been detected and several vital organs may sustain irreversible or long-standing damage. These extrapulmonary manifestations can be detected in cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and hematologic systems. Maxillofacial surgeons may encounter patients who have recovered from COVID-19 but are still suffering long-term morbidities as a result of this incompletely understood infection. Consequently, they have to be aware of the various systemic complications that may be encountered in these patients as they may interfere with their treatment plan or may necessitate certain modifications and precautions.In this report the authors present the long-standing systemic complications of COVID-19 reported so far, and discuss their implications within the context of maxillofacial surgery with regards to the modifications and precautions in the process of treatment planning.Graphical abstract shows the long-term complications of COVID-19 that may complicate maxillofacial surgical procedures.
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22
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Kothari R, Sahab S, Singh HM, Singh RP, Singh B, Pathania D, Singh A, Yadav S, Allen T, Singh S, Tyagi VV. COVID-19 and waste management in Indian scenario: challenges and possible solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:52702-52723. [PMID: 34462854 PMCID: PMC8404760 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc all across the globe causing exponential casualties and tremendous health and economic loss. With increasing COVID-19 cases, the amount of biomedical waste has increased manifolds making more people vulnerable to the pandemic. The developing and underdeveloped countries are already facing the challenges of waste management, and the waste generated during the pandemic scenario has added to the already existing challenges. The improper waste management practices need to be corrected; otherwise, the world will be facing a new disaster that could be termed as 'waste disaster'. The increase in COVID-19-associated waste (CAW) quantity and their availability in the environment will result in their easy approach to other organisms, which will possibly increase the potential risk of food chain contamination. Some of the countries have already started to make backup plans and are struggling to overcome the 'waste disaster'. In light of the limited knowledge available on the mutational properties and possible hosts of this newly emerged COVID-19, there is a great demand to have an efficient strategy to prevent the environment from further contamination in India. The necessity of the prevailing time is to create a more efficient, automatic, mechanized, and well-modified waste management system for handling the present situation and delaying the projected waste disaster in the near future in the era of COVID-19. The article aims to address the issues that originated from waste discharges, their potential sources along with possible sustainable solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Samba, 181143, J&K, India.
| | - Sinha Sahab
- Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Har Mohan Singh
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu, 182320, J&K, India
| | - Rajeev Pratap Singh
- Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Bhaskar Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Deepak Pathania
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Samba, 181143, J&K, India
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhai Patel Cluster University, Mandi, 175001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anita Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Samba, 181143, J&K, India
| | - Shweta Yadav
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Samba, 181143, J&K, India
| | - Tanu Allen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, UP, India
| | - Sohini Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, UP, India
| | - Vineet Veer Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu, 182320, J&K, India
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23
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Di Micco P, Camporese G, Cardillo G, Lodigiani C, Carannante N, Annunziata A, Fiorentino G, Russo V, Imbalzano E. Pathophysiology of Vaccine-Induced Prothrombotic Immune Thrombocytopenia (VIPIT) and Vaccine-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis (VITT) and Their Diagnostic Approach in Emergency. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:997. [PMID: 34684034 PMCID: PMC8539999 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 induced a pandemic that is reported to have started in Asia and was then extended to other countries in the world. Main clinical aspects of this viral infection have been lung injuries with severe pneumonia requiring prolonged hospitalization and associated morbidities such as venous thromboembolism and/or superinfection by bacteria, fungus or other pests. Immediately there was a need to develop a sustainable therapeutic strategy, such as vaccination. Vaccines against Covid-19, in fact, exert a protective action for common people and reduce viral diffusion. Yet, vaccination of a large number of people raises the question of a well-known complication of several types of vaccines; this complication is immune thrombocytopenia, which is sometimes associated with thrombosis as well. In this short review, we summarized mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia and vaccine-induced thrombocytopenic thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Di Micco
- UOC Medicina, Ospedale Buon Consiglio Fatebenefratelli, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Corrado Lodigiani
- Thrombosis and Haemorragic Diseases Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Anna Annunziata
- Department of Cardiology, OspedaleMonaldi, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Department of Cardiology, OspedaleMonaldi, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Head of Cardiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Cardiology, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
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24
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Malcangi G, Inchingolo AD, Inchingolo AM, Santacroce L, Marinelli G, Mancini A, Vimercati L, Maggiore ME, D’Oria MT, Hazballa D, Bordea IR, Xhajanka E, Scarano A, Farronato M, Tartaglia GM, Giovanniello D, Nucci L, Serpico R, Sammartino G, Capozzi L, Parisi A, Di Domenico M, Lorusso F, Contaldo M, Inchingolo F, Dipalma G. COVID-19 Infection in Children, Infants and Pregnant Subjects: An Overview of Recent Insights and Therapies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1964. [PMID: 34576859 PMCID: PMC8469368 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has involved a severe increase of cases worldwide in a wide range of populations. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate recent insights about COVID-19 infection in children, infants and pregnant subjects. METHODS a literature overview was performed including clinical trials, in vitro studies, reviews and published guidelines regarding the present paper topic. A descriptive synthesis was performed to evaluate recent insights and the effectiveness of therapies for SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, infants and pregnant subjects. RESULTS Insufficient data are available regarding the relationship between COVID-19 and the clinical risk of spontaneous abortion and premature foetus death. A decrease in the incidence of COVID-19 could be correlated to a minor expression of ACE2 in childrens' lungs. At present, a modulation of the dose-effect posology for children and infants is necessary. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant vertical transmission has been hypothesised for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccines are necessary to achieve mass immunity for children and also pregnant subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Maria Elena Maggiore
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Maria Teresa D’Oria
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Denisa Hazballa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Kongresi Elbasanit, Rruga: Aqif Pasha, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Edit Xhajanka
- Department of Dental Prosthesis, Medical University of Tirana, Rruga e Dibrës, U.M.T., 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Marco Farronato
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | | | - Ludovica Nucci
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luigi de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.N.); (R.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Rosario Serpico
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luigi de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.N.); (R.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Loredana Capozzi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Puglia e Della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (L.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Parisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Puglia e Della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (L.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luigi de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.N.); (R.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.S.); (G.M.); (A.M.); (L.V.); (M.E.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
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25
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Singh M, Sadat A, Abdi R, Colaruotolo LA, Francavilla A, Petker K, Nasr P, Moraveji M, Cruz G, Huang Y, Arora A, Chao A, Walker S, Wang X, Rathnayake S, Ragupathy S, Newmaster SG, Hanner RH, Goodridge LD, Corradini MG. Detection of SAR-CoV-2 on surfaces in food retailers in Ontario. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:598-602. [PMID: 34485928 PMCID: PMC8406517 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated increased interest in potential transmission routes. In food retail settings, transmission from infected customers and workers and customers through surfaces has been deemed plausible. However, limited information exists on the presence and survival of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces, particularly outside laboratory settings. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to assess the presence of the virus at commonly found surfaces at food retail stores and the potential role that these spaces play in virus transmission. Samples (n=957) were collected twice a week for a month in food-retail stores within Ontario, Canada. High-touch surfaces were identified and surveyed in 4 zones within the store (payment stations, deli counters, refrigerated food section and carts and baskets). The samples were analyzed using a molecular method, i.e., reverse transcriptase quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Regardless of the store's location, the sampling day or time, the location of the surface within the store or the surface material, all samples tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. These results suggest that the risk of exposure from contaminated high-touch surfaces within a food retailer store is low if preventive measures and recommended sanitizing routines are maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maleeka Singh
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Azin Sadat
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Reihaneh Abdi
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Katherine Petker
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Pedram Nasr
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Moraveji
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Gyllian Cruz
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Yinan Huang
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Aditi Arora
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Aleana Chao
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Walker
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Xinya Wang
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sujani Rathnayake
- Integrative Biology Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Robert H. Hanner
- Integrative Biology Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Maria G. Corradini
- Food Science Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Arrell Food Institute, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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26
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Purohit D, Ahirwar AK, Sakarde A, Asia P, Gopal N. COVID-19 and lung pathologies. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 42:435-443. [PMID: 34333882 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a global emergency with over 10 million cases and over 500, 000 deaths worldwide. The SARS CoV-2 is a RNA virus belonging to the family coronaviridae. It has high infectivity. The manifestations of the disease range from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to severe pneumonia and ARDS. The CT scan of lung shows consolidation and "Ground Glass Opacities". The persons with other comorbidities are considered to be at a higher rate of acquiring the infection. Asthma and other allergies have not been identified as major risk factors for COVID-19 as the number of asthmatic patients having COVID-19 is not high enough for it to be considered so. The occurrence of COVID-19 in COPD patients can be related with smoking. The ACE-2 expression in such patients was considerably high. The relation between COVID-19 and Tuberculosis can also be reflected in terms of the stigma associated with diagnosis and treatment of such diseases in some communities, eventually increasing the chances of people's reluctance to seek medical help. Cancer patients are usually more susceptible to infections. Lung cancer is no different. Additionally, lung cancer also has strong association with smoking further increasing the risk. The risk of getting infection and its severity is high for autoimmune disorders as well as fungal infections. Currently there is no definite treatment of COVID-19. However, some of the currently used modalities are hydroxychloroquine and antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshana Purohit
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Ahirwar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Apurva Sakarde
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka Asia
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niranjan Gopal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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27
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Marzoli F, Bortolami A, Pezzuto A, Mazzetto E, Piro R, Terregino C, Bonfante F, Belluco S. A systematic review of human coronaviruses survival on environmental surfaces. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146191. [PMID: 33714096 PMCID: PMC7927581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The current pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led people to implement preventive measures, including surface disinfection and use of alcohol-based hand gel, in order to avoid viral transmission via fomites. However, the role of surface transmission is still debated. The present systematic review aims to summarize all the evidence on surface survival of coronaviruses infecting humans. The analysis of 18 studies showed the longest coronavirus survival time is 28 days at room temperature (RT) on different surfaces: polymer banknotes, vinyl, steel, glass, and paper banknotes. Concerning SARS-CoV-2 human infection from contaminated surfaces, dangerous viral load on surfaces for up to 21 days was determined on polymer banknotes, steel, glass and paper banknotes. For viruses other than SARS-CoV-2, the longest period of survival was 14 days, recorded on glass. Environmental conditions can affect virus survival, and indeed, low temperatures and low humidity support prolonged survival of viruses on contaminated surfaces independently of surface type. Furthermore, it has been shown that exposure to sunlight significantly reduces the risk of surface transmission. Although studies are increasingly investigating the topic of coronavirus survival, it is difficult to compare them, given the methodology differences. For this reason, it is advisable to define a reference working protocol for virus survival trials, but, as an immediate measure, there is also a need for further investigations of coronavirus survival on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Marzoli
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Alessio Bortolami
- Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pezzuto
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Eva Mazzetto
- Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Roberto Piro
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Calogero Terregino
- Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonfante
- Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Simone Belluco
- Department of Food Safety, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
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28
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Motwani N, Ikhar A, Chandak M, Gondivkar S. Disinfection Measures during COVID-19 for Dental Operatories. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
In the dental health-care setups, the environmental object and surfaces are expected to be infected by the COVID virus wherein definite procedures are performed. Consequently, these objects and surfaces, particularly where COVID-19 patients are being treated, must be appropriately cleaned and sanitized to stop further spread.
Objective:
The present article is intended for providing protocols about the cleaning and disinfection of objects and surfaces in the circumstances of COVID-19 for Dental operatories.
Methods:
Studies evaluating the surface characteristics of the virus as well as effective disinfection measures have been documented.
Results:
Various chemicals in different concentrations have a virocidal effect. The devices introduced include used UV radiation and ozone.
Conclusion:
These changes in dental clinical practice are needed to save humanity by preventing further transmission of disease.
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29
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Maru V. The 'new normal' in post-COVID-19 pediatric dental practice. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:528-538. [PMID: 34148269 PMCID: PMC8447441 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an extraordinary challenge to the world. Dental healthcare personnel are considered to be at high risk as they work in close proximity to the oral cavity of patients. New procedures of approach and management should be incorporated in different aspects of routine dental practice. In addition, pediatric dentists are posed with unique and extraordinary challenges of parental anxiety and behavioral guidance of pediatric patients and parents/guardians. The aim of this study was to highlight the changing perceptions of pediatric dental practice as the 'new normal' in the post-COVID era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral Maru
- Department of Pediatric DentistryGovernment Dental College and HospitalMumbaiIndia
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30
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Silvestre FJ, Martinez-Herrera M, Márquez-Arrico CF, Silvestre-Rangil J. COVID-19, A new challenge in the dental practice. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e709-e716. [PMID: 34306535 PMCID: PMC8291155 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review was conducted in order to learn the latest information about how to prevent cross-infection of COVID-19 in dentistry. The aim of this study is offer a clinical protocol to reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 in dental settings. MATERIAL AND METHODS We carried out a review based on the PRISMA guide (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). We used the following three databases: PubMed, Embase and Scopus. The search strategy was performed in the three databases applying the search terms "COVID-19 AND dental", "COVID-19 AND dentistry", selecting human studies published from November 2019 to May 2020. English publications regarding COVID-19 as the central topic of the research were eligible for inclusion, regardless of study design. There are very few published studies on the association between COVID-19 and dentistry, for that reason we also included the English abstract of two studies written in Chinese. The following exclusion criteria were established: animal studies and in vitro studies. RESULTS The search identified a total of 212 articles, of which 54 were preselected, and 23 were finally included in the review on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We collected all the information about routes of general and oral infection, dental patient evaluation and cross-infection control in Dental Clinic in the selected studies. CONCLUSIONS Cross infection in the dental clinic involve a very important risk due to the return to dental settings after periods of social isolation of the population after the epidemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we must take adequate and sufficient security measures to protect the patients and the dental clinic staff. Key words:COVID-19, COVID-19 cross infection risk, COVID-19 prevention in Dentistry, COVID-19 in Dental Clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco-Javier Silvestre
- Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Spain
- Stomatology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO
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31
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Subjective Smell Assessment as An Office-based Rapid Procedure In COVID-19 Era. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:e439-e441. [PMID: 33208702 PMCID: PMC8237839 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent history of smell disorder may be a potential predictor for COVID-19. The authors used a subjective olfaction score that was demonstrated on a hard paper-bar. The authors examined 480 patients who were attending the outpatient clinic. Ninety-seven patients (20.2%) demonstrated variable degrees of recent smell disorder. For those patients, lab testing including nasopharyngeal swab for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed. Eighty-eight of them (90.7%) have been confirmed to be COVID-19 positive. Although psychophysical testing is more reliable, subjective assessment of smell is a rapid procedure and can be used as an office-based method for patients’ screening in COVID-19 era. Smell disorder could be an alarming sign for COVID-19 even with absent characteristic symptoms.
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32
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The Preventive and Control Recommendations on Patient With Cleft Lip and Palate During COVID-19 Pandemic in Shanghai. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:e223-e226. [PMID: 33705082 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT As Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been gradually controlled domestically, various industries began to resume production in an orderly way. Attention should be paid to the disease and population characteristics of patients with cleft lip with/without palate during diagnosis and treatment. This article summarized and provided prevention and control recommendations on management strategies during hospitalization and protective measures of patients and healthcare workers, hoping to minimize the spread of disease and create a relatively safe environment for medical work.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Retropharyngeal abscesses are rarely reported in adults and occur mostly in patients with immunocompromised or as a foreign body complication. Admittedly, the treatment of retropharyngeal abscesses frequently involves surgical drainage to achieve the best results. However, when retropharyngeal abscesses occurred in a highly suspected patient with COVID-19, the managements and treatments should be caution to prevent the spread of the virus. CLINICAL PRESENTATION On February 13, a 40-year-old male with retropharyngeal abscesses turned to our department complaining dyspnea and dysphagia. In addition, his chest CT scan shows a suspected COVID-19 infection, thus making out Multiple Disciplinary Team determine to perform percutaneous drainage and catheterization through left anterior cervical approach under the guidance of B-ultrasound. Finally, the patient recovered and was discharged from the hospital on February 27 after 14 days of isolation. There was no recurrence after half a year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS By presenting this case, we aim at raising awareness of different surgical drainage methods and summarizing our experience in the management of retropharyngeal abscesses during the outbreak of COVID-19.
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34
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Cleft and COVID-19 Pandemic: Controversial Aspects of Social Distancing. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:682-684. [PMID: 33705009 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the meantime, as COVID-19 has gone pandemic, social distancing has become inevitable; therefore, most in-person visits have been canceled to minimize the spread of the disease. This will greatly impact cleft palate patients as it will limit their chance to receive timely care and have persistent follow-up, and that could in turn delay its management so significantly that it could cause much more considerable complications. To mitigate the issue, it seems necessary to start integrating modern-day technologies into the everyday practice of physicians and to benefit from the opportunities it provides. Much of medical decision making is cognitive, and telemedicine can provide easy access to specialists who are not immediately available. With wide internet access, this task is more than feasible. Telemedicine and other modern facilities are very promising platforms that could fill the gap that has been made by social distancing. We tried to address some of these issues as well as give recommendations for possible solutions to each of them.
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35
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Farrag MA, Amer HM, Bhat R, Hamed ME, Aziz IM, Mubarak A, Dawoud TM, Almalki SG, Alghofaili F, Alnemare AK, Al-Baradi RS, Alosaimi B, Alturaiki W. SARS-CoV-2: An Overview of Virus Genetics, Transmission, and Immunopathogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6312. [PMID: 34200934 PMCID: PMC8296125 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The human population is currently facing the third and possibly the worst pandemic caused by human coronaviruses (CoVs). The virus was first reported in Wuhan, China, on 31 December 2019 and spread within a short time to almost all countries of the world. Genome analysis of the early virus isolates has revealed high similarity with SARS-CoV and hence the new virus was officially named SARS-CoV-2. Since CoVs have the largest genome among all RNA viruses, they can adapt to many point mutation and recombination events; particularly in the spike gene, which enable these viruses to rapidly change and evolve in nature. CoVs are known to cross the species boundaries by using different cellular receptors. Both animal reservoir and intermediate host for SARS-CoV-2 are still unresolved and necessitate further investigation. In the current review, different aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathogenicity are discussed, including virus genetics and evolution, spike protein and its role in evolution and adaptation to novel hosts, and virus transmission and persistence in nature. In addition, the immune response developed during SARS-CoV-2 infection is demonstrated with special reference to the interplay between immune cells and their role in disease progression. We believe that the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak will not be the last and spillover of CoVs from bats will continue. Therefore, establishing intervention approaches to reduce the likelihood of future CoVs spillover from natural reservoirs is a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Farrag
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.); (R.B.); (M.E.H.); (I.M.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Haitham M. Amer
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Rauf Bhat
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.); (R.B.); (M.E.H.); (I.M.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Maaweya E. Hamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.); (R.B.); (M.E.H.); (I.M.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Aziz
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.); (R.B.); (M.E.H.); (I.M.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Ayman Mubarak
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.); (R.B.); (M.E.H.); (I.M.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Turki M Dawoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.); (R.B.); (M.E.H.); (I.M.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (S.G.A.); (F.A.); (R.S.A.-B.)
| | - Fayez Alghofaili
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (S.G.A.); (F.A.); (R.S.A.-B.)
| | - Ahmad K. Alnemare
- Otolaryngology Department, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raid Saleem Al-Baradi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (S.G.A.); (F.A.); (R.S.A.-B.)
| | - Bandar Alosaimi
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wael Alturaiki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (S.G.A.); (F.A.); (R.S.A.-B.)
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Haleem A, Javaid M, Singh RP, Suman R. Quality 4.0 technologies to enhance traditional Chinese medicine for overcoming healthcare challenges during COVID-19. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
The maxillofacial surgeon trained well to face the surgical challenges. In case of dealing with self-inflicted trauma, the surgeon must face the surgical as well as the psychological status of the patients. Five patients received in the emergency room suffering from maxillofacial trauma resulted from suicidal attempts. Unfortunately, 1 patient died, the other patients managed by providing surgical and psychological support. The cornerstone of managing such type of trauma needs appropriate communication between the family, surgical team, and the psychiatric.
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An Old Method as an Aid on the Novel Coronavirus. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:1190-1191. [PMID: 33086298 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral pandemic emerging in East Asia and spreading rapidly to the rest of the world and continuing in our country. The number of studies examining the symptoms of the otolaryngology system and organs in COVID-19 patients is limited. The purpose of this study is to show whether COVID-19 infections cause any changes in nasal physiology in adult patients by measuring the mucociliary clearance (MCC) time with the saccharin test. Methods: One hundred one patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection (group 1, n = 42 smokers and group 2, n = 59 nonsmokers) and 87 individuals without COVID-19 infection as the control group (group 3, n = 33 smokers and group 4, n = 54 nonsmokers) were included in the study. A saccharin test was used to evaluate the nasal MCC time. Results: Mucociliary clearance test averages of the groups were determined as 473.571 ± 263.684, 442.966 ± 228.463, 468.333 ± 267.367, 412.629 ± 192.179 seconds, respectively. When the test durations were examined, the group with the most prolonged MCC duration was determined as the smoking COVID (+) patient group (473.571 ± 263.684 seconds). The second group, with the most prolonged MCC duration, was determined as the smoking control group (468.333 ± 267.367 seconds). No statistically significant difference was found in intergroup mucociliary clearance time (P = 0.760). Conclusion: Although the authors found that smoking and viral infections prolong the MCC duration in our study, they did not find a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of MCC duration.
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Trivellin N, Buffolo M, Onelia F, Pizzolato A, Barbato M, Orlandi VT, Del Vecchio C, Dughiero F, Zanoni E, Meneghesso G, Crisanti A, Meneghini M. Inactivating SARS-CoV-2 Using 275 nm UV-C LEDs through a Spherical Irradiation Box: Design, Characterization and Validation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092315. [PMID: 33946929 PMCID: PMC8125165 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report on the design, characterization and validation of a spherical irradiation system for inactivating SARS-CoV-2, based on UV-C 275 nm LEDs. The system is designed to maximize irradiation intensity and uniformity and can be used for irradiating a volume of 18 L. To this aim: (i) several commercially available LEDs have been acquired and analyzed; (ii) a complete optical study has been carried out in order to optimize the efficacy of the system; (iii) the resulting prototype has been characterized optically and tested for the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 for different exposure times, doses and surface types; (iv) the result achieved and the efficacy of the prototype have been compared with similar devices based on different technologies. Results indicate that a 99.9% inactivation can be reached after 1 min of treatment with a dose of 83.1 J/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Trivellin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6A, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (M.B.); (E.Z.); (G.M.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Buffolo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (M.B.); (E.Z.); (G.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesco Onelia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (F.O.); (C.D.V.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Marco Barbato
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (M.B.); (E.Z.); (G.M.); (M.M.)
- LightCube SRL, Viale Navigazione Interna 51, 35129, Padova, Italy;
| | | | - Claudia Del Vecchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (F.O.); (C.D.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Dughiero
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6A, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Enrico Zanoni
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (M.B.); (E.Z.); (G.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Gaudenzio Meneghesso
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (M.B.); (E.Z.); (G.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Andrea Crisanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (F.O.); (C.D.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Matteo Meneghini
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.B.); (M.B.); (E.Z.); (G.M.); (M.M.)
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Ceschin I, Ali T, Carvalho C, Uehara M, Motta P, Riboldi M. COVID-19: A review and considerations for the resumption of activities in an IVF laboratory and clinic in Brazil. JBRA Assist Reprod 2021; 25:293-302. [PMID: 33710841 PMCID: PMC8083870 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused radical effects on the daily lives of millions of people. The causal agent of the current pandemic is SARS-CoV-2, a virus that causes symptoms related to the respiratory system, leading to severe complications. In the in vitro fertilization (IVF) universe, there are several protocols for infection control and laboratory safety. Some professional associations have issued guidelines recommending measures involving patient flow and IVF practices. This study presents a review and considerations for the resumption of activities in IVF laboratories and clinics in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the guidelines and statements from professional organizations and societies in reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ianaê Ceschin
- Feliccità Instituto de Fertilidade - Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil.,Centro de Estudos sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-Tronco (CEGH-CEL), Departamento de Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Taccyanna Ali
- Laboratório Igenomix - Laboratório de Genética e Medicina Reprodutiva - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- Laboratório Igenomix - Laboratório de Genética e Medicina Reprodutiva - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Mariane Uehara
- Laboratório Igenomix - Laboratório de Genética e Medicina Reprodutiva - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Priscila Motta
- Laboratório Igenomix - Laboratório de Genética e Medicina Reprodutiva - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marcia Riboldi
- Laboratório Igenomix - Laboratório de Genética e Medicina Reprodutiva - São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
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Abdelrahim RK, Abdoun HAE, Koppolu P, Swapna LA. Infection Control Measures in Dental Clinics during Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Pilot Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.5898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is an infectious respiratory disease causing different symptoms ranging from mild to more complicated cases. In dental clinics, there is a potential risk of cross-infection between dental health worker and patients. Therefore, new infection prevention measures have been recommended to minimize spread of COVID-19 in dental clinics.
AIM: The aim of this study is to get an insight into the infection control measures followed by dentists and modification done in personal protective equipment (PPE) to combat spread of infection during COVID-19 in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional data using online Google survey. The sample included dentists working in either private or government from different regions in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association between categorical variables (p < 0.05)
RESULTS: Seventy dentists included in the study of which 40% are working in Riyadh. Dental clinics are undertaken respiratory triage and reduce number of patients in waiting area (91% and 98%, respectively). Increased usage of PPE (head cap, face shield, and N95 mask) during the pandemic was observed in the study sample (p = 0.001). Working hours and number of patients were reduced during COVID-19.
CONCLUSION: Evidence shows that majority of dentists working in KSA are following recommended measures to minimize the spread of COVID-19. Some dentists modified their PPE during the pandemic. However, further research is required to investigate adherence to infection control measures by dentists.
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Mejjad N, Cherif EK, Rodero A, Krawczyk DA, El Kharraz J, Moumen A, Laqbaqbi M, Fekri A. Disposal Behavior of Used Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Moroccan Community: Potential Environmental Impact. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4382. [PMID: 33924217 PMCID: PMC8074620 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) levied on the Moroccan authorities to increase their mask production capacity, which reached up to 12 million facemask units produced per day. This increase in personal protective equipment (PPE) production and consumption is an efficient tool to address the spread of COVID-19. However, this results in more plastic and microplastic debris being added into the land and marine environments, which will harm the ecosystem, wildlife, and public health. Such a situation needs deep individual behavior observation and tracking, as well as an assessment of the potential environmental impact of this new type of waste. For this reason, we assessed the Moroccan population's behavior regarding the use and disposal of facemasks and gloves. An exploratory survey was prepared and shared via social media and email with the population of Rabat-Salé-Kénitra and Casablanca-Settat regions. Additionally, we calculated the estimated number and weight of daily and weekly PPE used and generated by the studied regions. The survey showed that 70% of the respondents threw their discarded masks and gloves in house trash or trash bins after their first use, whereas nearly 30% of respondents admitted that they did not wear masks because they did not leave their homes during the lockdown, while from the 70% of facemask users, more than five million (equivalent to 40,000 kg) of facemasks would be generated and disposed of daily by the community of these regions, which presents 35% of the total engendered facemask waste in Morocco. Accordingly, the environment impact of facemasks showed that the greenhouse gas footprint is about 640 kT CO2 eq./year for the whole of Morocco, while the energy footprint is around 60,000 GWh/year. Furthermore, an urgent multidisciplinary environmental assessment of the potential impact of PPE must be conducted among the 12 Moroccan regions. This study demonstrated the real impact of the COVID-19 PPE on human behavior and the environment and suggests a need for providing new didactic management of facemasks and gloves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezha Mejjad
- Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geomatics, and Environment, Ben M’sik Faculty of Sciences, Casablanca 20670, Morocco; (N.M.); (A.F.)
- Department of Geology Laboratory of GMSSURAC 45, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
| | - El Khalil Cherif
- Laboratory of Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antonio Rodero
- School of Engineering Sciences of Belmez, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Dorota Anna Krawczyk
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jauad El Kharraz
- Global Change Unit, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Aniss Moumen
- National School of Applied Sciences of Kenitra, University of Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Mourad Laqbaqbi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Multidisciplinary Faculty Of Sidi Kacem, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Ahmed Fekri
- Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geomatics, and Environment, Ben M’sik Faculty of Sciences, Casablanca 20670, Morocco; (N.M.); (A.F.)
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Yilbas BS, Hassan G, Yilbas AE, Abubakar AA, Al-Qahtani H. On the Mechanism of Human Saliva Interaction with Environmental Dust in Relation to Spreading of Viruses. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:4714-4726. [PMID: 33835806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental effects such as dust mitigation can amplify the spread of viruses via inhaling infected dust particles. Infusion and the spreading rate of human saliva over the dust particles can play a critical role in contiguous virus spread. In the present study, mechanical and chemical interactions of human saliva with environmental dust particles are considered. The saliva droplet impact on dust particles is examined while mimicking saliva droplet spreading during coughing in a dusty ambience. The mechanisms of saliva infusion and cloaking on the dust particles are explored. The characteristics of saliva droplet normal and oblique impacts on a dust particle are examined experimentally and numerically to evaluate the amount of saliva residues on the impacted particle surface. The findings reveal that the saliva liquid infuses and cloaks the dust particle surfaces. The saliva droplet impact on the dust particles leaves a considerable amount of saliva residues on the impacted surfaces, which remain undried for a prolonged period in indoor environments. Weak adhesion of the saliva-infected dust particles on surfaces, such as glass surfaces, enables saliva-infected dust particles to rejoin neighboring ambient air while possessing a high potential for virus spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Sami Yilbas
- Mechanical Engineering Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy (CoRE-RE), KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Senior Researcher at K.A.CARE Energy Research & Innovation Center, DTV, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Hassan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Researcher at K.A.CARE Energy Research & Innovation Center, DTV, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayse Elif Yilbas
- University of Ottawa, General Surgery, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Abba A Abubakar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Mohapatra RK, Das PK, Pintilie L, Dhama K. Infection capability of SARS-CoV-2 on different surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/2314808x.2021.1907915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry, N. C. (Autonomous) College, Jaipur, Odisha, India
| | - Lucia Pintilie
- Department of Synthesis of Bioactive Substances and Pharmaceutical Technologies, National Institute for Chemical & Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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46
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Hibberd J, Carter J, McCoy M, Rafiq M, Varma A, Sanghera R, Matthews P, Rait G. General Practice in the Time of COVID-19: A Mixed-Methods Service Evaluation of a Primary Care COVID-19 Service. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062895. [PMID: 33809000 PMCID: PMC7998968 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Primary care coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinics were rapidly introduced across the UK to review potentially infectious patients. Evaluation of these services is needed to guide future implementation. This mixed-methods study evaluates patient demographics, clinical presentation, co-morbidities, service usage, and outcomes for the Islington COVID-19 service (London, UK) and from April to May 2020 and thematically analyses survey responses from 29 service clinicians and 41 GP referrers on their service experience. Of the 237 patients booked into the service, a significant number of referrals (n = 91; 38.6%) were made after the presumed infectious period of 14 days. Almost half of all adult referrals (49%) were dealt with remotely (via telephone/video consultation +/− remote oxygen saturation monitoring). The service was perceived to provide a safe way to see patients; it developed local expertise, learning, and empowerment; and it was a positive teamworking experience. These findings suggest that the management of many patients with COVID-19 symptoms is possible in routine general practice with minimal risk through the implementation of remote consultation methods and in patients who present after the post-infectious period. Additionally, the use of remote saturation monitoring and local GP COVID-19 “experts” can support practices to manage COVID-19 patients. Future primary care COVID-19 services should act as empowerment tools to assist GPs to safely manage their own patients and provide support for GPs in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hibberd
- Islington GP Federation, London N7 8EG, UK; (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Jessica Carter
- Islington GP Federation, London N7 8EG, UK; (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s University, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Michaella McCoy
- Islington GP Federation, London N7 8EG, UK; (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Meena Rafiq
- Epidemiology of Cancer and Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) University College, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- RM Partners, London SW1H 0QS, UK
| | - Amita Varma
- Islington GP Federation, London N7 8EG, UK; (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Rita Sanghera
- Islington GP Federation, London N7 8EG, UK; (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Philippa Matthews
- Islington GP Federation, London N7 8EG, UK; (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.M.); (A.V.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Greta Rait
- Primary Care and Population Health Department University College, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Correspondence:
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47
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Fiorillo L, Meto A, Cicciù F, De Stefano R. An Eventual Sars-CoV-2 Infection Prevention Protocol in the Medical Setting and Dental Office. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2593. [PMID: 33807646 PMCID: PMC7967356 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the entire world population, and in particular the medical-health field, especially dentistry [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Policlinico G. Martino, Via Consolare Valeria, 98100 Messina, Italy
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Aida Meto
- Department of Dental Therapy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, 1005 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Francesca Cicciù
- Unità Operativa di Patologia Clinica, ARNAS Garibaldi Centro, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rosa De Stefano
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
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Gidari A, Sabbatini S, Bastianelli S, Pierucci S, Busti C, Bartolini D, Stabile AM, Monari C, Galli F, Rende M, Cruciani G, Francisci D. SARS-CoV-2 Survival on Surfaces and the Effect of UV-C Light. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030408. [PMID: 33807521 PMCID: PMC7998261 DOI: 10.3390/v13030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on inanimate surfaces such as plastic, stainless steel, and glass during UV-C irradiation which is a physical means commonly utilized in sanitization procedures. The viral inactivation rate, virus half-life, and percentage of titer reduction after UV-C irradiation were assessed. Infectivity was maintained on plastic and glass until 120 h and on stainless steel until 72 h. The virus half-life was 5.3, 4.4, and 4.2 h on plastic, stainless steel, and glass, respectively. In all cases, titer decay was >99% after drop drying. UV-C irradiation efficiently reduced virus titer (99.99%), with doses ranging from 10.25 to 23.71 mJ/cm2. Plastic and stainless steel needed higher doses to achieve target reduction. The total inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on glass was obtained with the lower dose applied. SARS-CoV-2 survival can be long lasting on inanimate surfaces. It is worth recommending efficient disinfection protocols as a measure of prevention of viral spread. UV-C can provide rapid, efficient and sustainable sanitization procedures of different materials and surfaces. The dosages and mode of irradiation are important parameters to consider in their implementation as an important means to fight the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gidari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Samuele Sabbatini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Medical Microbiology Section, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Sabrina Bastianelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Sara Pierucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Chiara Busti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Nutrition and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (D.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Anna Maria Stabile
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Claudia Monari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Medical Microbiology Section, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Nutrition and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (D.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Gabriele Cruciani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Daniela Francisci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (S.P.); (C.B.); (D.F.)
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Inchingolo AD, Inchingolo AM, Bordea IR, Malcangi G, Xhajanka E, Scarano A, Lorusso F, Farronato M, Tartaglia GM, Isacco CG, Marinelli G, D’Oria MT, Hazballa D, Santacroce L, Ballini A, Contaldo M, Inchingolo F, Dipalma G. SARS-CoV-2 Disease Adjuvant Therapies and Supplements Breakthrough for the Infection Prevention. Microorganisms 2021; 9:525. [PMID: 33806624 PMCID: PMC7999785 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is a high-risk viral agent involved in the recent pandemic stated worldwide by the World Health Organization. The infection is correlated to a severe systemic and respiratory disease in many cases, which is clinically treated with a multi-drug pharmacological approach. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate through a literature overview the effect of adjuvant therapies and supplements for the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The research has analyzed the advantage of the EK1C4, by also assessing the studies on the resveratrol, vitamin D, and melatonin as adjuvant supplements for long hauler patients' prognosis. The evaluated substances reported important benefits for the improvement of the immune system and as a potential inhibitor molecules against SARS-CoV-2, highlighting the use of sartans as therapy. The adjuvant supplements seem to create an advantage for the healing of the long hauler patients affected by chronic symptoms of constant chest and heart pain, intestinal disorders, headache, difficulty concentrating, memory loss, and tachycardia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Edit Xhajanka
- Dental Prosthesis Department, Medical University of Tirana, UMT, Rruga e Dibrës, Tirana 1001, Albania;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Marco Farronato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Ciro Gargiulo Isacco
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Human Stem Cells Research Center HSC of Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam
- Embryology and Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Pham Chau Trinh University of Medicine Hoi An, Hoi An 70000, Vietnam
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Maria Teresa D’Oria
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Via delle Scienze, Università degli Studi di Udine, 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Denisa Hazballa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
- Kongresi Elbasanit, Rruga: Aqif Pasha, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Campus Universitario, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Contaldo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Luigi de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Medicine Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (C.G.I.); (G.M.); (M.T.D.); (D.H.); (L.S.); (F.I.); (G.D.)
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50
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Garaus M, Garaus C. The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Consumers' Intention to Use Shared-Mobility Services in German Cities. Front Psychol 2021; 12:646593. [PMID: 33732199 PMCID: PMC7956983 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.646593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One sector that severely suffers from the outbreak of the coronavirus is carsharing (i.e., short-term car access). The downswing of the carsharing industry may not only experience negative economic consequences but also ecological ones. Carsharing has the potential to reduce emissions, occupied space, and congestion and hence can actively contribute to mitigating climate change. As Bill Gates strikingly states: "Covid-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse." For this reason, it is important to understand which underlying mechanisms drive carsharing usage during the Covid-19 pandemic. The current research has the overall objective to provide deeper insights into the mediating mechanisms that explain carsharing usage intention during the Covid-19 pandemic. In particular, we draw on signaling theory to explore how different claims (environmental claims, safety claims) that prompt two different opposing underlying processes (perceived ecological benefits, perceived physical risk) influence carsharing usage intention. An online experiment employing a 3 (environmental claim vs. safety claim vs. no claim) × 2 (high information diagnosticity vs. low information diagnosticity) between-subjects design with participants acquired by the online panel platform Clickworker was conducted in April 2020. Fictitious labels and fictitious advertisements served as stimulus material and constituted the five experimental conditions. The data were analyzed by a multicategorial moderated mediation analysis and a multivariate analysis of covariance. Results reveal that environmental claims can stimulate perceived ecological benefits, which, in turn, positively affect carsharing usage intention. Interestingly, our research demonstrates that safety claims cannot decrease perceived physical risk in the context of Covid-19 and carsharing. Nevertheless, perceived physical risk has a (marginal) negative influence on carsharing usage intention and hence should not be discarded altogether. The findings of this article offer new insights into the mental processes that guide consumer decision-making during the coronavirus crisis and also offer important policy implications by highlighting the relevance of environmental claims during the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the negative influence of perceived physical risk on carsharing usage intention points to the need for alternative measures to reduce users' risk perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Garaus
- Department of International Management, Modul University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Garaus
- Institute of Marketing and Innovation, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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