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Zhang CY, Zhao W, Pan XP, Huang AQ. Effects of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months: a longitudinal study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17451. [PMID: 39075043 PMCID: PMC11286799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months. Using monitoring data from the Maternal and Child Health Project conducted by the National Center for Women and Children's Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019, we categorized feeding patterns during the first 6 months as exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding, or mixed feeding. We calculated weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ) according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2006 Child Growth Standard using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2. A multilevel model was used to analyze the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on the WAZ of infants ages 0-12 months in monitoring regions. Length of follow-up (age of infants) was assigned to level 1, and infants was assigned to level 2. Characteristics of infants, mothers, and families and region of the country were adjusted for in the model. The average weight of infants ages 0-12 months in our study (except the birth weights of boys who were formula fed or mixed fed) was greater than the WHO growth standard. After we adjusted for confounding factors, the multilevel model showed that the WAZ of exclusively breastfed and mixed-fed infants were statistically significantly higher than those of formula-fed infants (coefficients = 0.329 and 0.159, respectively; P < 0.05), and there was a negative interaction between feeding patterns and age (both coefficients = - 0.020; P < 0.05). Infants who were exclusively breastfed were heavier than formula-fed infants from birth until 12 months of age. Mixed-fed infants were heavier than formula-fed infants before 8 months, after which the latter overtook the former. Infants' weight development may be influenced by feeding patterns during the first 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months may be beneficial for weight development of infants in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Zhang
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100081, China
- Hebei Provincial National Center for Women and Children's Health, Hebei, 050031, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Pan
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ai-Qun Huang
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Gabriela Alejandra GB, Ana SR, Gabriela MO, Gabriel CT, Marco Julián CO, Martha DA, Barbara V. Social representations of breastfeeding in health science students: A first step to strengthening their training. Nurse Educ Pract 2024; 78:103991. [PMID: 38823293 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to describe the social representations of breastfeeding among Mexican health science students. BACKGROUND Breastfeeding is a complex phenomenon involving biological, affective and sociocultural aspects. Its definition includes diverse beliefs, attitudes, traditions and myths. Being aware of the connections between biological and sociocultural concepts in the social representations of breastfeeding in health science students may facilitate our comprehension of their attitudes/behaviors towards breastfeeding. DESIGN A qualitative study was carried out based on the structuralist approach of the social representations theory. METHODS Data were collected with free-listing questionnaires with breastfeeding as an inducer word among a random sample of nutrition, medical and nursing undergraduate students (n=124). The analyses used were similitude/meanings of words, prototypical and categorical analyses. RESULTS The findings suggest that the structure of the social representation is composed of breastfeeding essentials (baby, mother, & milk), affective (attachment, love & link), biological (nutrition, breasts, & health) and sociocultural elements (taboo, responsibility, & economic). Only instrumental elements are found in the nucleus, whereas biological, affective and sociocultural elements are observed in the peripheries. Moreover, emerging thematic categories such as the "affective bond" and "feeding" introduced additional dimensions, thereby emphasizing the complexity and richness of the social representation of breastfeeding in the context of health science students. CONCLUSIONS The structure of the social representation of breastfeeding among some Mexican undergraduate health science students focuses on the instrumental aspects, emphasizing essential elements. However, they downplay more scientifically oriented elements specific to their academic training. These findings, when extrapolated to different contexts, present an opportunity that could assist the development of tailored and culturally adapted educational strategies to strengthen breastfeeding training for health students. This approach can significantly contribute to enhancing breastfeeding promotion in society by addressing practical, scientific and language-inclusive aspects in the training of health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grover-Baltazar Gabriela Alejandra
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Dr. Baeza Alzaga 107, Guadalajara, C.P. 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sandoval-Rodríguez Ana
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, CUCS, UdeG, Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Macedo-Ojeda Gabriela
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; Instituto de Investigación de Ciencias Biomédicas, CUCS, UdeG, Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Chavira Trujillo Gabriel
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; Departamento de Epidemiología del Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Alcaldía de Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, C.P. 1408, Mexico
| | | | - De Alba Martha
- Departamento de Sociología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 108, Leyes de Reforma 1ra. Sección, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, C.P. 09310, Mexico.
| | - Vizmanos Barbara
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; Laboratorio de Evaluación del Estado Nutricio, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Colonia Independencia, Guadalajara, C.P. 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Yismaw GA, Abuhay HW, Alemayehu MA, Derseh NM, Agimas MC, Tesfie TK. Geospatial variation of exclusive breastfeeding and its determinants among mothers of infants under 6 months in Ethiopia: spatial and geographical weighted regression analysis. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e002573. [PMID: 38684333 PMCID: PMC11086437 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. However, the spatial variation of EBF and the associated factors have not been studied as much as we have searched. This study aimed at assessing geospatial variation and the predictors of EBF using geographically weighted regression. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2019 Mini-Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data set. The study used a total weighted sample of 548 infants. Hotspot spatial analysis showed the hotspot and cold spot areas of EBF. The spatial distribution of EBF was interpolated for the target population using spatial interpolation analysis. SaTScan V.9.6 software was used to detect significant clusters. Ordinary least squares regression analysis identified significant spatial predictors. In geographically weighted regression analysis, the effect of predictor variables on the spatial variation of EBF was detected using local coefficients. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of EBF in Ethiopia was 58.97% (95% CI 52.67% to 64.99%), and its spatial distribution was found to be clustered (global Moran's I=0.56, p<0.001). Significant hotspot areas were located in Amhara, Tigray, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, and Somali regions, while significant cold spots were located in Dire Dawa, Addis Ababa and Oromia regions. Kulldorff's SaTScan V.9.6 was used to detect significant clusters of EBF using a 50% maximum cluster size per population. The geographically weighted regression model explained 35.75% of the spatial variation in EBF. The proportions of households with middle wealth index and married women were significant spatial predictors of EBF. CONCLUSION Middle wealth index and married women were significant spatial predictors of EBF. Our detailed map of EBF hotspot areas will help policymakers and health programmers encourage the practice of EBF in hotspot areas and set national and regional programmes focused on improving EBF in cold spots by considering significant predictor variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getaneh Awoke Yismaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Wagnew Abuhay
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Chanie Agimas
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Kidie Tesfie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Choudhary D, Rideout TC, Millen AE, Wen X. Bean Consumption during Childhood Is Associated with Improved Nutritional Outcomes in the First Two Years of Life. Nutrients 2024; 16:1120. [PMID: 38674811 PMCID: PMC11053677 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bean consumption during childhood may play a role in promoting early-life health given their high nutritional quality. To examine the associations of children's bean consumption with the socio-demographic characteristics of the child and mother and the child's nutrient intake, we analyzed data from the WIC-ITFPS-2, which followed children and their mothers at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, and 24 months (m) following birth. Caregivers (mostly mothers) responded to an interview-administered 24 h recall on their child's dietary intake at each time point. The intake of dried beans, chili, yellow beans, and lima beans was quantified. Correlate measures included socio-demographic characteristics. Outcome measures of interest focused on the intake of macronutrients (grams and % kcals) and micronutrients at 11 (infancy) and 24 m (toddler) only. To ensure statistical power, we only examined the associations of dried beans and chili with socio-demographics (Chi-square tests) and nutritional outcomes (ANOVA) at 11 and 24 m. The proportion of children who consumed dried beans or chili was very low in the first 6 m of age, started to increase at 7 m (1.2% and 0.4%) and 11 m (4.9% and 2.3%), and reached a high level at 18 m (10.5%) and 24 m (5.9%), respectively. Consumption of yellow or lima beans was rare (<0.1%). At 11 and 24 m, dried bean consumption was higher in children who were White (vs. Black). Dried bean and chili consumption was higher in children who were of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (vs. non-Hispanic or non-Latino ethnicity). Children who consumed dried beans and chili at 11 or 24 m had a higher intake of total energy, protein, total fiber, potassium, folate, and magnesium compared with non-consumers. The bean consumption was low amongst children, differed by race and ethnicity, and was associated with improved macro- and micronutrient intake in children at 11 and 24 m.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Choudhary
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Todd C. Rideout
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Amy E. Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
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Gomes JMR, Silva-Neto LGR, Dos Santos TLF, Bueno NB, Florêncio TMDMT. Early introduction of ultra-processed foods is associated with overweight and anaemia in socially vulnerable Brazilian children. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1095-1104. [PMID: 38012885 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the early introduction of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and identify its association with overweight and anaemia in Brazilian children living in a situation of social vulnerability. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a Brazilian capital. Children aged 12-59 months were included. The presence of overweight and anaemia was evaluated, as well as the introduction of twelve different UPF in children's first year of life. Association analysis was performed using Poisson regression, with robust estimates of variances. A total of 561 children were studied; 85·5 % had consumed at least one UPF evaluated in the first year of life; 19·1 % were overweight and 52·0 % were anaemic. Adjusted multivariate analyses identified that the early introduction of soft drinks (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1·18, 95 % CI (1·02, 1·38)), packaged snacks (PR = 1·17, 95 % CI (1·05, 1·30)) and powdered soft drinks (PR = 1·36, 95 % CI (1·16, 1·60)) increased the likelihood of children being overweight, and the early introduction of chocolate drink (PR = 1·25, 95 % CI (1·02, 1·53)) increased the likelihood of them being anaemic, when comparing children who consumed these UPF before reaching 1 year of age with those who consumed these foods at 12 months of age or older. From the results found, one can see the existing relationship between the early introduction of UPF with overweight and anaemia, being necessary to intensify public health policies to combat malnutrition, focusing on the promotion of proper and healthy eating, especially during the phase of food introduction, focusing on the population living in socially vulnerable situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janayna Melo Ribeiro Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil
| | - Thays Lane Ferreira Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil
| | - Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil
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Debessa T, Befkadu Z, Darge T, Mitiku A, Negera E. Commercial complementary food feeding and associated factors among mothers of children aged 6-23 months old in Mettu Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2022. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 37876015 PMCID: PMC10594788 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commercial complementary foods (CCF) are unhealthy products for children under 24 months, containing unhealthy fats, refined starches, sugars, salt, and additives. The consumption of CCF is linked to non-communicable diseases, making it crucial to assess intake in Ethiopia, especially in Mettu town. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of commercial complementary food feeding and associated factors among mothers of 6-23 months old children in Mettu Town, 2022. METHOD A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mettu town, involving 386 randomly selected mothers of children aged 6-23 months. Data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression were declared as having a statistically significant association with CCF feeding. RESULTS The prevalence of CCF feeding within 24 h before the reporting period was 44.3%. In multivariable regression analysis, the age of index child 0-11months (AOR = 2.43, 95%CI: 1.53-3.85), non-exclusive breastfeeding (AOR = 2.18, 95%CI: 1.34-3.52), exposure to CCF promotions (AOR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.32-3.50), maternal employment (AOR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.28-3.44), and higher tertile wealth status (AOR = 2.19, 95%CI: 1.17-4.10) were significantly associated with CCF feeding. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that nearly half of the mothers in Mettu town were feeding their children with commercially produced complementary foods. Age of child, non-exclusive breastfeeding, CCF promotions, maternal employment, and higher wealth status were found to have a significant association with CCF feeding. Therefore, continuous health education should be given to mothers to encourage exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age and to improve home-made complementary food feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirunesh Debessa
- Tullube Health Center, Mettu Woreda Health Office, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Zewudu Befkadu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, P.O. Box 318, Mettu, Ethiopia.
| | - Tefera Darge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, P.O. Box 318, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Abeza Mitiku
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Ebisa Negera
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
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Matias SL, Anderson CE, Koleilat M. Breastfeeding moderates childhood obesity risk associated with prenatal exposure to excessive gestational weight gain. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2023; 19:e13545. [PMID: 37357364 PMCID: PMC10483944 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Gaining excessive gestational weight may increase obesity risk in the offspring, while breastfeeding lowers that risk. Using data from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in Southern California, we examined the associations between gestational weight gain (GWG), breastfeeding during infancy and childhood obesity at 2-4 years, and determined whether breastfeeding moderated the association between GWG and childhood obesity. GWG was based on weight measurements collected during the first trimester and within a month before delivery. GWG values were standardized by gestational age (GWG z-scores), per maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and categorized into tertiles. Fully breastfeeding duration was determined by WIC infant package data indicating the amount of infant formula received monthly. Children's length (or height) and weight measurements were used to calculate BMI-for-age z-scores and identify obesity (z-score ≥ 95th percentile). Multivariable linear and modified Poisson regression analyses were conducted. Fully breastfeeding moderated the association between GWG z-scores tertile and obesity in the offspring. Each additional month of fully breastfeeding was associated with 3%-5% obesity risk reduction for each age group and GWG z-scores tertile, except at age 4 years for children whose mothers had low GWG z-scores (tertile 1). Shorter fully breastfeeding duration was associated with greater obesity risk among children of mothers with high GWG z-scores (tertile 3), but not for those whose mothers had low GWG z-scores. Longer fully breastfeeding duration may provide greater protection against obesity among children at higher risk due to intrauterine exposure to high gestational weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana L. Matias
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and ToxicologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Maria Koleilat
- Department of Public HealthCalifornia State UniversityFullertonCaliforniaUSA
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Wu Q, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, van Velthoven MH. The effectiveness of a WeChat-based self-assessment with a tailored feedback report on improving complementary feeding and movement behaviour of children aged 6-20 months in rural China: a cluster randomized controlled trial. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 37:100796. [PMID: 37273963 PMCID: PMC10239064 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Appropriate infant feeding and movement behaviour (i.e. physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep) play an important role in children's healthy development during the first two years of life. The popular Chinese social media app 'WeChat' has become a potential data collection and health promotion tool. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a WeChat-based self-assessment with a tailored feedback report on improving complementary feeding practices and movement behaviour of children aged 6-20 months in rural China. Methods We conducted a two-armed cluster randomized control trial in Datong County, Qinghai Province, China. There were 106 clusters from 257 villages allocated (1:1) to two groups: the feeding group, which received a complementary feeding recommendations feedback report; the movement behaviour group, which received movement behaviour recommendations feedback report. The feeding group acted as a control for the movement behaviour group and vice versa. Children aged 6-20 months and their primary caregivers were invited to be participants. WeChat was used to collect the data on outcomes and to deliver the interventions. Participants received the interventions by filling out the WeChat self-assessment questionnaire and reading tailored feedback reports at baseline, at the first 1-month follow-up and at the second 2-month follow-up. Outcome measures included changes in the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum acceptable diet (MAD); and the proportion of children who met physical activity time (PAT), outdoor time (OT) and screen time (ST) recommendation between the two groups at the two follow-ups. This study is registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry-ChiCTR2200062529. Findings Between September 28th and October 12th 2022, we recruited 1610 children in 106 clusters, of which 53 clusters (800 children) were randomized to the feeding group and 53 clusters (810 children) to the movement behaviour group. All caregivers of children completed questionnaires at three time points without loss to follow-up. From baseline to the second follow-up, the prevalence of MDD (OR: 1.62 [95% CI, 1.16-2.28; p = 0.0058]), MMF (OR: 1.45 [95% CI, 1.03-2.04; p = 0.032]) and MAD (OR: 1.51 [95% CI, 1.12-2.05; p = 0.0081]) in the feeding group were significantly higher than that in the movement behaviour group. The proportion of children who met PAT during the last 24 h at the second follow-up (OR: 2.22 [95% CI, 1.26-2.17; p < 0.0001]) and OT at the second follow-up (OR: 1.94 [95% CI, 1.49-2.54; p < 0.0001]) significantly improved in the movement behaviour group compared to the feeding group. Furthermore, ST in the movement behaviour group showed a significant increase only at the first follow-up (OR: 1.36 [95% CI, 1.02-1.82; p = 0.036]). Interpretation WeChat-based self-assessment with tailored feedback was an effective channel to deliver feeding and movement behaviour recommendations in rural China in our study. This approach can be applied to change feeding practices of caregivers of young children alongside routine child health care in rural China. Funding Capital Institute of Pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Integrated Early Childhood Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Integrated Early Childhood Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Integrated Early Childhood Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Integrated Early Childhood Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Han S. Improving healthcare for children in rural China: commentary on WeChat-based self-assessment with tailored feedback. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 37:100827. [PMID: 37359997 PMCID: PMC10285266 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Han
- Department of Paediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu, China
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Koukou Z, Papadopoulou E, Panteris E, Papadopoulou S, Skordou A, Karamaliki M, Diamanti E. The Effect of Breastfeeding on Food Allergies in Newborns and Infants. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1046. [PMID: 37371277 PMCID: PMC10297573 DOI: 10.3390/children10061046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Breastfeeding is the preferred method of infant feeding and its establishment is one of the primary goals for the infant. Allergic diseases are common in childhood, with increased morbidity. Food allergies are also associated with a strong negative impact on health-related quality of life and is a major public health problem. In addition, maternal exclusion of common allergens during pregnancy and/or lactation suggests that supplementation with regular cow's milk formula during the first week of life should be avoided. Breast milk contains many active immune factors, such as cytokines, inflammatory mediators, signaling molecules and soluble receptors, which may also reduce the risk of allergic disease. The prophylactic effects of breastfeeding have been the subject of many studies, some with weak evidence. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an up-to-date account of the effects of prophylactic breastfeeding on food allergy and other common allergies in infants and children up to 5 years of age. Colostrum in particular has been shown to be prophylactic against food allergy. The American Academy of Pediatrics cautions that the relationship between duration of breastfeeding and incidence of food allergy in early childhood is unclear. The protective role of breastfeeding has a positive effect on allergy prevention, which is opposed by the early introduction of solid foods, but larger studies are needed to confirm the evidence. There is evidence that breastfeeding is effective in providing partial protection to infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Koukou
- School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University (IHU), Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | | | - Eleftherios Panteris
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Styliani Papadopoulou
- School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University (IHU), Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Anna Skordou
- School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University (IHU), Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Karamaliki
- School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University (IHU), Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (A.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Elisavet Diamanti
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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11
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Nantel A, Gingras V. Are Complementary Feeding Practices Aligned with Current Recommendations? A Narrative Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:794. [PMID: 37238342 PMCID: PMC10217166 DOI: 10.3390/children10050794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The complementary feeding introduction period (introduction of solid foods alongside breastmilk or formula) is defining in children's health; however, it appears that many parents do not follow complementary feeding guidelines. Our aim was to describe current parental feeding practices during complementary feeding in relation to current recommendations and explore determinants of adherence to guidelines. We included any relevant studies published within the last decade in French or English and summarized findings by recommendation category. The timing of complementary food introduction varied widely across and within continents (earlier in North America and often delayed in Asia). The introduction of allergenic foods tended to be delayed globally. Although some parents now begin complementary feeding with solid foods (i.e., baby-led weaning), delayed introduction of lumpy textures was still prevalent in the United States and in Europe. The consumption of iron-rich foods was predominantly low in Africa. Added sugars were globally introduced early, especially in America. Evidence for the prevalence of responsive feeding practices among parents is unclear due to the small number of studies. Determinants of complementary feeding practices included parental characteristics, such as age, education, socio-economic status, and race/ethnicity. Interventions aiming to increase adherence to complementary feeding guidelines must account for parental characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Nantel
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada;
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Véronique Gingras
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada;
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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12
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Álvarez-Zaragoza C, Vásquez-Garibay EM, Sánchez-Ramírez CA. Adiposity and feeding practices in the first two years of life among toddlers in Guadalajara, Mexico. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:61. [PMID: 36739378 PMCID: PMC9898890 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03877-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feeding practices in the first two years of life have a direct impact on nutritional status and adiposity. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in feeding practices during the first two years of life by sex and type of feeding in the first semester of postnatal life and their relationships with adiposity in toddlers. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study that included 150 toddlers aged 12 to 24 months who were healthy, full-term, and had adequate weight for their gestational ages, was conducted at the New Civil Hospital and at a private practice in Guadalajara. Body compositions were obtained by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) measurements, and a modified questionnaire was used. Then, the parents completed two 24-h dietary recalls. In addition to the descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used in the contrast analysis of the quantitative variables. To analyze the qualitative variables, we used X2 tests. Afterward, linear regression tests were conducted to identify the relationships between adiposity and feeding practices during the first two years. RESULTS There were direct relationships between adiposity and duration of full breastfeeding (r = 0.610, p = 0.021), age of introduction of ultra-processed products (r = 0.311, p = 0.011), sugar (r = 0.186; p = 0.024) and age at which eggs were introduced (r = -0.202; p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Adiposity was related to feeding practices in the first two years of life in toddlers.
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13
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Moreira PR, Nunes LM, Neves RO, Belin CHS, Fuhr J, Gomes E, Mariath A, Bernardi JR. Adherence to different methods for introducing complementary food to 7-month-old babies: a randomized clinical trial. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA 2023; 41:e2021235. [PMID: 36102400 PMCID: PMC9462408 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the adherence to three methods of food introduction for 7-month-old babies. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial conducted with mother-infant pairs, submitted to the intervention with five and a half months of age and three different methods for food introduction according to randomization: Parent-Led Weaning (PLW), Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS), or mixed (specially developed for this study). Adherence to the method was assessed at the seventh month of age, via telephone call to the caregiver by a researcher blinded to the method. The analyses were performed using the Chi-Square test and data are presented in absolute numbers and percentages. Results: A total of 139 mother-infant pairs were evaluated; 46 of them were allocated to the PLW method; 47, to the BLISS; and 46, to the mixed. At seven months of age, 60 (43.2%) mothers reported that the infants were following the proposed feeding method. When analyzing each approach, the mixed method showed a higher likelihood of adherence (71.7%, n=33), followed by the PLW method (39.1%, n=18) and by the BLISS (19.2%, n=9) (p<0.001). Among the sample that did not follow the proposed method, those that had been randomized to the PLW and BLISS methods mostly migrated to the mixed method (92.9%; n=26 and 92.1%; n=35, respectively) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Complementary feeding in a mixed approach obtained greater adherence in 7-month-old babies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jordana Fuhr
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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14
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Dou N, Shakya E, Ngoutane RM, Garnier D, Kouame OR, Dain AL, Garg A, Kodish SR, Caulfield LE, Murray‐Kolb LE, Na M. Promising trends and influencing factors of complementary feeding practices in Côte d'Ivoire: An analysis of nationally representative survey data between 1994 and 2016. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2023; 19:e13418. [PMID: 36069310 PMCID: PMC9749586 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Poor complementary feeding (CF) challenges early childhood growth. We examined the trends and influencing factors of CF practices among children aged 6-23 months in Côte d'Ivoire. Using data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS, 1994-2011) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS, 2000-2016), the trends and predictors of World Health Organization-United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund CF indicators including the timely introduction of complementary foods (INTRO), minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) were determined. Using 2016 MICS data, we applied multivariate logistic regression models to identify factors associated with CF indicators. Between 1994 and 2016, the mean proportion of children aged 6-8 months achieving INTRO was 56.9% and increased by about 25% points since 2006. Over 2011-2016, the proportion of children aged 6-23 months meeting MMF, MDD and MAD increased from 40.2% to 47.7%, 11.3% to 26.0% and 4.6% to 12.5%, respectively. Older children and those from urban households had higher odds of meeting MDD and MAD. Maternal TV watching was associated with higher odds of meeting MDD. The secondary or higher education levels of mothers significantly predicted higher odds of meeting INTRO and MDD. Currently, breastfeeding was also positively associated with odds of meeting MMF and MAD. Children from poorer households had lower odds of meeting MMF, MDD and MAD. Despite the improvements, CF practices remain suboptimal in Côte d'Ivoire. Influencing factors associated with CF were distributed across individual, household and community levels, calling for future programmes and policies to implement multi-level strategies to improve young children's diet in Côte d'Ivoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Dou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human DevelopmentThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Evaniya Shakya
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human DevelopmentThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Raphia M. Ngoutane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human DevelopmentThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Oka R. Kouame
- National Nutrition Programme, Ministry of Health and Public HygieneAbidjanCôte d'Ivoire
| | | | | | | | - Laura E. Caulfield
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Laura E. Murray‐Kolb
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Muzi Na
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human DevelopmentThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
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15
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Walther B, Guggisberg D, Badertscher R, Egger L, Portmann R, Dubois S, Haldimann M, Kopf-Bolanz K, Rhyn P, Zoller O, Veraguth R, Rezzi S. Comparison of nutritional composition between plant-based drinks and cow's milk. Front Nutr 2022; 9:988707. [PMID: 36386959 PMCID: PMC9650290 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The high decline in liquid milk consumption in Western countries has been compensated by the increased consumption of processed dairy products and the rapidly increasing number of new plant-based beverages constantly introduced in the market, advertised as milk substitutes and placed on shelves near milk products. To provide better understanding about the nutritional value of these drinks compared with cow's milk, 27 plant-based drinks of 8 different species and two milk samples were purchased from two big retailers in Switzerland, and their composition regarding protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamin, and mineral contents and residue load [glyphosate, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and arsenic] was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Energy and nutrient intakes were calculated and compared with the dietary reference values for Germany, Austria and Switzerland (D-A-CH). In addition, the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) was calculated to estimate the quality of the proteins. Milk contained more energy; fat; carbohydrate; vitamins C, B2, B12, and A; biotin; pantothenic acid; calcium; phosphorus; and iodine than most plant-based drinks. Soy drinks provided slightly more protein and markedly more vitamins B1 and B6, folic acid, and vitamins E and D2 (with supplemented vitamin D2) and K1, magnesium, manganese, iron, and copper than milk and the other plant-based drinks. However, with the exception of cow's milk and soy drinks, which had > 3% protein, most milk alternatives contained ≤ 1% protein; therefore, they cannot be considered good protein sources. In regard to protein quality, milk was outstanding compared with all plant-based drinks and exhibited higher calculated DIAASs. Our results show that the analyzed plant-based drinks are not real alternatives to milk in terms of nutrient composition, even if the actual fortification is taken into account. Improved fortification is still an issue and can be optimized using the most bioavailable and soluble derivatives. Complete replacement of milk with plant-based drinks without adjusting the overall diet can lead to deficiencies of certain important nutrients in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Max Haldimann
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Kopf-Bolanz
- School of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Rhyn
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Otmar Zoller
- Risk Assessment Division, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Rezzi
- Swiss Nutrition and Health Foundation, Épalinges, Switzerland
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16
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Gasparre N, Mefleh M, Boukid F. Nutritional Facts and Health/Nutrition Claims of Commercial Plant-Based Infant Foods: Where Do We Stand? PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192531. [PMID: 36235397 PMCID: PMC9572996 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the current drivers of the infant food market is the rising demand for vegan products, and thus accurate knowledge of their nutritional composition is required to guide parents and health professionals. Thus, this study aimed to assess the nutritional composition of commercial plant-based infant foods, in addition to analyzing their health/nutrition claims. A selection of infant products launched in the global market (2017–2021) were classified into eight types and each type was divided into vegan and vegetarian products. Based on the ingredients list, cereals, seeds, pseudocereals and/or pulses were the most used ingredients in the retrieved products. The nutritional composition of six out eight types varied significantly among vegan and vegetarian products. When protein, calcium and iron contents differed significantly, vegan products had the highest protein content in all categories, compared to those that were vegetarian. When significant differences were found in sugar content, vegan products have lower amounts in all categories, compared to vegetarian products. Health and nutrition claims were found mostly used in vegetarian products. Strategies to reduce added sodium and sugar, and saturated fatty acids is required to ensure a healthy diet for infants. This study also implies the importance of a complete labelling of infants’ foods, especially vegan products to help parents making a reasonable choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Gasparre
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Marina Mefleh
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Fatma Boukid
- ClonBio Group Ltd., 6 Fitzwilliam Pl, D02 XE61 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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17
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Bouchard KL, Grigsby-Toussaint DS, Fox K, Amin S, Vadiveloo M, Greaney ML, Tovar A. Maternal Experiences with Discussing Complementary Feeding in Primary Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12061. [PMID: 36231363 PMCID: PMC9566633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Complementary feeding practices promote healthy eating habits and food preferences later in life. Little is known about how US pediatricians communicate infant feeding practices to caregivers or how caregivers respond to this information. The purpose of this study is to explore mothers' experiences and perceptions of the complementary feeding recommendations they receive in primary care settings. English- and Spanish-speaking mothers of infants were recruited from Special Supplemental Nutrition for Women, Infants, and Children offices in Rhode Island, US, and snowball sampling. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted to investigate mothers' discussions with pediatricians about complementary feeding and their overall impressions of wellness visits. Thematic analysis was informed by the Fundamentals of Care theoretical framework. The mean age of the sample (n = 13) was 30.5 years and 62% self-identified as Latina. Four themes emerged from the analysis: (1) wellness visits are mostly positive experiences, (2) not all infant feeding recommendations are easy to follow, (3) alternative sources of infant feeding recommendations can be just as helpful, and (4) there is room for improvement at wellness visits. Improving the content, delivery, and cultural relevance of infant feeding recommendations in primary care settings with more specific and tailored information may promote adherence to evidence-based practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Lynn Bouchard
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Diana S. Grigsby-Toussaint
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Katelyn Fox
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Sarah Amin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mary L. Greaney
- Department of Health Studies, College of Health Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Hamed NF, Alamri SA, Hamdi NH. Overview of the Updates in Nutrient Profiles, Types, Indications and Side Effects of Infant Formula. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/confqadrfw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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19
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Vidal L, Brunet G, Bove I, Girona A, Fuletti D, Ares G. Parents’ mental associations with ultra-processed products for their infant children: Insights to improve complementary feeding practices. Food Qual Prefer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Dearlove T, Begley A, Scott JA, Devenish-Coleman G. Digital Marketing of Commercial Complementary Foods in Australia: An Analysis of Brand Messaging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157934. [PMID: 34360227 PMCID: PMC8345376 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The digital marketing of commercial complementary foods (CCF) is an emerging area of concern in Australia. Although research into traditional methods has identified a range of problems, the marketing and messaging strategies employed within digital spaces have gone largely unscrutinized. This study sought to examine the methods used by CCF manufacturers to promote Australian baby foods and brands in a digital space. A multiple step approach was used to assess the CCF brands available in major Australian retailers, the social media platforms they used, and to thematically analyze the text and visual messages contained in posts published over a three-month period. Of the 15 brands identified, 12 had a digital presence, and all of these used Facebook. Four themes emerged from an analysis of 216 Facebook posts; (1) general product attributes, (2) socially desirable attributes (which included messaging related to taste (41%), self-feeding (29%) and fun (19%)), (3) concern-based attributes (including organic status (40%), age targets (39%) and additive-/allergen-free status (18%)) and (4) health-focused attributes (which included messaging related to healthy/nutritious ingredients (45%), and child development/growth (15%). Messages contained in Facebook posts were mostly positive brand/product aspects (Themes 1 and 2) or parental concern-based aspects (Theme 3 and 4). These themes match previous analyses of marketing content in traditional media and should be closely monitored due to the personalized nature of consumer social media interactions.
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21
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Complementary Feeding in Italy: From Tradition to Innovation. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8080638. [PMID: 34438529 PMCID: PMC8391452 DOI: 10.3390/children8080638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Complementary feeding (CF) is a pivotal phase of the individual’s growth, during which children develops their future dietary habits. To date, only few studies investigated and compared weaning modalities between different geographical areas. The aim of this article is to describe the current Italian practice for CF in healthy term infants among different areas (North, Center, South) of Italy. Two different multiple-choice questionnaires were produced and sent to 665 Italian primary care pediatricians (PCP) and 2023 families with children under 1 year of age. As emerged from our investigation, in Italy CF is usually started between the 5th and 6th month of life. The preferred approach (chosen by 77% of families) involves the use of home-cooked liquid or semi-liquid ailments, or industrial baby foods. A new CF modality is emerging, consisting of traditional complementary foods with adult food tastings (10% of families). Approximately 91% of pediatricians give written dietary suggestions, and 83% of families follow their advice. We found significantly divergent weaning habits among different areas of Italy. PCP have a key role in guiding parents during the introduction of new foods in their infant’s diet and should take this as an opportunity to educate the whole family to healthy dietary habits.
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22
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Infant Feeding and Ethnic Differences in Body Mass Index during Childhood: A Prospective Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072291. [PMID: 34371801 PMCID: PMC8308235 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated ethnic differences in childhood body mass index (BMI) in children from Dutch and Turkish descent and the role of infant feeding factors (breastfeeding duration, milk feeding frequency, as well as the timing, frequency and variety of complementary feeding (CF)). We used data from 244 children (116 Dutch and 128 Turkish) participating in a prospective study in the Netherlands. BMI was measured at 2, 3 and 5 years and standard deviation scores (sds) were derived using WHO references. Using linear mixed regression analyses, we examined ethnic differences in BMI-sds between 2 and 5 years, and the role of infant feeding in separate models including milk or CF factors, or both (full model). Relative to Dutch children, Turkish children had higher BMI-sds at age 3 (mean difference: 0.26; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.48) and 5 (0.63; 0.39, 0.88), but not at 2 years (0.08; -0.16, 0.31). Ethnic differences in BMI-sds were somewhat attenuated by CF factors at age 3 (0.16; -0.07, 0.40) and 5 years (0.50; 0.24, 0.77), whereas milk feeding had a minor impact. Of all factors, only CF variety was associated with BMI-sds in the full model. CF factors, particularly CF variety, explain a small fraction of the BMI-sds differences between Dutch and Turkish children. The role of CF variety on childhood BMI requires further investigation.
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Verduci E, D'Auria E, Bosetti A, DI Profio E, Vizzuso S, Milanta C, Pendezza E, Borsani B, Zuccotti GV. Immunomodulatory diet in pediatric age. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2021; 73:128-149. [PMID: 33880904 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, the importance of a functioning immune system and health status has become more evident. Multiple factors are able to influence the development of chronic diseases and diet is one of the most important environmental factors. Evidence demonstrates that dietary patterns high in fat and low in fiber are associated with the development of non-communicable diseases. Moreover, optimal nutritional status can modulate immune maturation and response to inflammation. During inflammatory conditions, nutritional deficiencies may occur, establishing a vicious circle, consequently a balanced nutritional status is essential to prevent and counteract infections. Dietary diversity can prevent allergic diseases and nutrients such as DHA, arginine, vitamins and trace elements have an impact on physical barriers (such as gut mucosal barrier and skin), on the immune system response and on microbiome modulation. Protein deficiencies can compromise innate and adaptive immune functions; arginine availability can affect the immune response in injured states and other disease processes; EPA and DHA can modulate both innate and adaptive immunity; prebiotics have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the immune system. Zinc, copper, selenium and iron are involved in the correct development and function of the immune system. Vitamins D, E, A, B and C have a role on immune system through different mechanisms of action. Since a complex interplay exists between diet, microbiome and epigenetic factors which determine nutrient-induced changes on the immune function, the effect of each single nutrient may be difficult to study. Well-designed intervention studies, investigating the effects of whole dietary pattern, should be performed to clarify impact of foods on the immune function and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy - .,Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy -
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Vizzuso
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanta
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Pendezza
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borsani
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Complementary Feeding Practices and Parental Pressure to Eat among Spanish Infants and Toddlers: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041982. [PMID: 33670769 PMCID: PMC7922078 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of complementary foods is a crucial stage in the development and determination of infants’ health status in both the short and longer-term. This study describes complementary feeding practices among infants and toddlers in Spain. Also, relationships among sample characteristics (both parents and their child), feeding practices (timing, type of complementary food), and parental pressure to eat were explored. Cognitive interviewing with 18 parents was used to refine the survey questions. Responses from a national random sample of 630 parents, who were responsible for feeding their infants and toddlers aged 3–18 months, were obtained. Solids, often cereals and/or fruits first, were introduced at a median age of five months. Fish and eggs were introduced around the age of nine and ten months. Almost all children were fed with home-prepared foods at least once per week (93%), and in 36% of the cases, salt was added. Interestingly, higher levels of parental pressure to eat were found in female infants, younger parents, parents with a full-time job, the southern regions of Spain, and in infants who were not fed with home-prepared foods. Our insights underline the importance of clear feeding recommendations that can support health care professionals in promoting effective strategies to improve parental feeding practices.
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Di Mauro A, Baldassarre ME, Laforgia N. Eat Healthy to Live Healthy: Habits and Trends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249422. [PMID: 33339128 PMCID: PMC7765576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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