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Wang Y, Liu Z, Li L, Pan X, Yao K, Wei W, Liao W, Wang C. The Characteristics and Expression Analysis of the Tomato SlRBOH Gene Family under Exogenous Phytohormone Treatments and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5780. [PMID: 38891968 PMCID: PMC11171631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), also known as NADPH oxidases, contribute significantly to the production of ROS in plants, alongside other major sources such as photosynthesis and electron transport in chloroplasts. It has been shown that plant RBOHs play an active role in plant adversity response and electron transport. However, the phylogenetic analysis and characterization of the SlRBOH gene family in tomatoes have not been systematically studied. This study identified 11 SlRBOH genes in the tomato genome using a genome-wide search approach. The physicochemical properties, chromosomal localization, subcellular localization, secondary structure, conserved motifs, gene structure, phylogenetics, collinear relationships, cis-acting elements, evolutionary selection pressures, tissue expressions, and expression patterns under exogenous phytohormones (ABA and MeJA) and different abiotic stresses were also analyzed. We found that the SlRBOHs are distributed across seven chromosomes, collinearity reflecting their evolutionary relationships with corresponding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice. Additionally, all the SlRBOH members have five conserved domains and 10 conserved motifs and have similar gene structures. In addition, the results of an evolutionary selection pressure analysis showed that SlRBOH family members evolved mainly by purifying selection, making them more structurally stable. Cis-acting element analyses showed that SlRBOHs were responsive to light, hormone, and abiotic stresses. Tissue expression analysis showed that SlRBOH family members were expressed in all tissues of tomato to varying degrees, and most of the SlRBOHs with the strongest expression were found in the roots. In addition, the expressions of tomato SlRBOH genes were changed by ABA, MeJA, dark period extension, NaCl, PEG, UV, cold, heat, and H2O2 treatments. Specifically, SlRBOH4 was highly expressed under NaCl, PEG, heat, and UV treatments, while SlRBOH2 was highly expressed under cold stress. These results provide a basis for further studies on the function of SlRBOHs in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (X.P.); (K.Y.); (W.W.); (W.L.)
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Samota MK, Awana M, Krishnan V, Kumar S, Tyagi A, Pandey R, Mithra SVA, Singh A. A novel micronutrients and methyl jasmonate cocktail of elicitors via seed priming improves drought tolerance by mitigating oxidative stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:553-570. [PMID: 38159129 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major limiting factor for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production globally, and a cost-effective seed priming technique using bio-elicitors has been found to have stress mitigating effects. Till date, mostly phytohormones have been preferred as bio-elicitors, but the present study is a novel attempt to demonstrate the favorable role of micronutrients-phytohormone cocktail, i.e., iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and methyl jasmonate (MJ) via seed priming method in mitigating the deleterious impacts of drought stress through physio-biochemical and molecular manifestations. The effect of cocktail/priming was studied on the relative water content, chlorophyll a/b and carotenoid contents, proline content, abscisic acid (ABA) content, and on the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NADPH oxidase (Nox), and catalase (CAT). The expressions of drought-responsive genes OsZn-SOD, OsFe-SOD, and Nox1 were found to be modulated under drought stress in contrasting rice genotypes -N-22 (Nagina-22, drought-tolerant) and PS-5 (Pusa Sugandh-5, drought-sensitive). A progressive rise in carotenoids (10-19%), ABA (18-50%), proline (60-80%), activities of SOD (27-62%), APX (46-61%), CAT (50-80%), Nox (16-30%), and upregulated (0.9-1.6-fold) expressions of OsZn-SOD, OsFe-SOD, and Nox1 genes were found in the primed plants under drought condition. This cocktail would serve as a potential supplement in modern agricultural practices utilizing seed priming technique to mitigate drought stress-induced oxidative burst in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Samota
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
- HCP-Division, ICAR-CIPHET, Abohar, Punjab-152116, India
| | - Monika Awana
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Veda Krishnan
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Aruna Tyagi
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Rakesh Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - S V Amitha Mithra
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India.
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Phosuwan S, Nounjan N, Theerakulpisut P, Siangliw M, Charoensawan V. Comparative quantitative trait loci analysis framework reveals relationships between salt stress responsive phenotypes and pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1264909. [PMID: 38463565 PMCID: PMC10920293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1264909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a complex abiotic stress that involves several biological pathways. Hence, focusing on a specific or a few salt-tolerant phenotypes is unlikely to provide comprehensive insights into the intricate and interwinding mechanisms that regulate salt responsiveness. In this study, we develop a heuristic framework for systematically integrating and comprehensively evaluating quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses from multiple stress-related traits obtained by different studies. Making use of a combined set of 46 salinity-related traits from three independent studies that were based on the same chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population of rice (Oryza sativa), we demonstrate how our approach can address technical biases and limitations from different QTL studies and calling methods. This allows us to compile a comprehensive list of trait-specific and multi-trait QTLs, as well as salinity-related candidate genes. In doing so, we discover several novel relationships between traits that demonstrate similar trends of phenotype scores across the CSSLs, as well as the similarities between genomic locations that the traits were mapped to. Finally, we experimentally validate our findings by expression analyses and functional validations of several selected candidate genes from multiple pathways in rice and Arabidopsis orthologous genes, including OsKS7 (ENT-KAURENE SYNTHASE 7), OsNUC1 (NUCLEOLIN 1) and OsFRO1 (FERRIC REDUCTASE OXIDASE 1) to name a few. This work not only introduces a novel approach for conducting comparative analyses of multiple QTLs, but also provides a list of candidate genes and testable hypotheses for salinity-related mechanisms across several biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunadda Phosuwan
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Biochemistry (International Program), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Nounjan
- Biodiversity and Environmental Management Division, International College, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piyada Theerakulpisut
- Salt-tolerant Rice Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Meechai Siangliw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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Hao B, Zhang R, Zhang C, Wen N, Xia Y, Zhao Y, Li Q, Qiao L, Li W. Characterization of OsPIN2 Mutants Reveal Novel Roles for Reactive Oxygen Species in Modulating Not Only Root Gravitropism but Also Hypoxia Tolerance in Rice Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:476. [PMID: 38498461 PMCID: PMC10892736 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Tolerance to submergence-induced hypoxia is an important agronomic trait especially for crops in lowland and flooding-affected areas. Although rice (Oryza sativa) is considered a flood-tolerant crop, only limited cultivars display strong tolerance to prolonged submergence and/or hypoxic stress. Therefore, characterization of hypoxic resistant genes and/or germplasms have important theoretical and practical significance for rice breeding and sustained improvements. Previous investigations have demonstrated that loss-of-function of OsPIN2, a gene encoding an auxin efflux transporter, results in the loss of root gravitropism due to disrupted auxin transport in the root tip. In this study, we revealed a novel connection between OsPIN2 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in modulating root gravitropism and hypoxia tolerance in rice. It is shown that the OsPIN2 mutant had decreased accumulation of ROS in root tip, due to the downregulation of glycolate oxidase encoding gene OsGOX6, one of the main H2O2 sources. The morphological defects of root including waved rooting and agravitropism in OsPIN2 mutant may be rescued partly by exogenous application of H2O2. The OsPIN2 mutant exhibited increased resistance to ROS toxicity in roots due to treatment with H2O2. Furthermore, it is shown that the OsPIN2 mutant had increased tolerance to hypoxic stress accompanied by lower ROS accumulation in roots, because the hypoxia stress led to over production of ROS in the roots of the wild type but not in that of OsPIN2 mutant. Accordingly, the anoxic resistance-related gene SUB1B showed differential expression in the root of the WT and OsPIN2 mutant in response to hypoxic conditions. Notably, compared with the wild type, the OsPIN2 mutant displayed a different pattern of auxin distribution in the root under hypoxia stress. It was shown that hypoxia stress caused a significant increase in auxin distribution in the root tip of the WT but not in that of the war1 mutant. In summary, these results suggested that OsPIN2 may play a role in regulating ROS accumulation probably via mediating auxin transport and distribution in the root tip, affecting root gravitropism and hypoxic tolerance in rice seedlings. These findings may contribute to the genetic improvement and identification of potential hypoxic tolerant lines in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Ruihan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Na Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Qinying Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Lei Qiao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
| | - Wenqiang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (B.H.); (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (N.W.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.Q.)
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Zhang H, Liu X, Tang C, Lv S, Zhang S, Wu J, Wang P. PbRbohH/J mediates ROS generation to regulate the growth of pollen tube in pear. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108342. [PMID: 38219427 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) family genes play crucial functions in development and growth. However, comprehensive and systematic investigation of Rboh family members in Rosaceae and their specific functions during pear pollen development are still limited. In the study, 63 Rboh genes were identified from eight Rosaceae genomes (Malus domestica, Pyrus bretschneideri, Pyrus communis, Prunus persica, Rubus occidentalis, Fragaria vesca, Prunus mume and Prunus avium) and divided into seven main subfamilies (I-VII) according to phylogenetic and structural features. Different modes of gene duplication led to the expansion of Rboh family, with purifying selection playing a vital role in the evolution of Rboh genes. In addition, RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR results indicated that PbRbohH and PbRbohJ were specifically high-expressed in pear pollen. Subsequently, subcellular localization revealed that PbRbohH/J distributed at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, by pharmacological analysis and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide assay, PbRbohH/J were demonstrated to mediate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to manage pollen tube growth. In conclusion, our results provide useful insights into the functions, expression patterns, evolutionary history of the Rboh genes in pear and other Rosaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shouzheng Lv
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Ji S, Zhu G, Dong Y, Li J, Jing Y, Jin S. Ferric reduction oxidase in Lilium pumilum affects plant saline-alkaline tolerance by regulating ROS homeostasis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108305. [PMID: 38241829 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Ferric reduction oxidase (FRO) plays important roles in biotic and abiotic stress. However, the function of ferric reduction oxidase from Lilium pumilum in response to NaHCO3 is unknown. Here we report the functional characterization of ferric reduction oxidase 7 in Lilium pumilum (LpFRO7) in stresses. Under NaHCO3 stress, the LpFRO7 overexpression lines exhibited lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher activities in antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD and POD) and ferrite reductase, resulting in improved tolerance compared to the wild type (WT). In order to determine the functional network of LpFRO7, it was confirmed by EMSA assays, Yeast one-hybrid assays and Dual luciferase reporter assays that LpbHLH115 transcription factor can bind to the promoter of LpFRO7. Yeast two-hybrid assays, BiFC, and LCI assays were performed to prove that LpFRO7 can interact with LpTrx. Combining these findings, we concluded that LpFRO7 affects plant saline-alkaline tolerance by regulating ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Zongying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Shangwei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yibo Jing
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Shumei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Pan T, Li Y, Hong Y, Chen W, Yang Y, Zhao G, Shabala S, Yu M. Genome-wide analysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog gene family in pea ( Pisum sativum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1321952. [PMID: 38155848 PMCID: PMC10754532 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1321952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) are key enzymes regulating superoxide production, which is important for plant development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study aimed to characterize the RBOH gene family in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Seven PsRBOH genes were identified in the pea genome and were phylogenetically clustered into five groups. Collinearity analyses of the RBOHs identified four pairs of orthologs between pea and soybean. The gene structure analysis showed that the number of exons ranged from 6 to 16. Amino acid sequence alignment, conserved domain, and conserved motif analyses showed that all seven PsRBOHs had typical features of plant RBOHs. The expression patterns of PsRBOH genes in different tissues provided suggested their roles in plant growth and organ development. In addition, the expression levels of PsRBOH genes under different abiotic stresses were analyzed via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results demonstrated that PsRBOH genes exhibited unique stress-response characteristics, which allowed for functional diversity in response to different abiotic stresses. Furthermore, four PsRBOHs had a high probability of localization in the plasma membrane, and PsRBOH6 was localized to the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum. The results of this study provide valuable information for further functional analysis of pea RBOH genes and their role in plant adaptation to climate-driven environmental constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Liu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Ting Pan
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Youheng Hong
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yao Yang
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Gangjun Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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Ma Z, Lv J, Wu W, Fu D, Lü S, Ke Y, Yang P. Regulatory network of rice in response to heat stress and its potential application in breeding strategy. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:68. [PMID: 37608925 PMCID: PMC10440324 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of global industrialization has led to serious environmental problems, among which global warming has become one of the major concerns. The gradual rise in global temperature resulted in the loss of food production, and hence a serious threat to world food security. Rice is the main crop for approximately half of the world's population, and its geographic distribution, yield, and quality are frequently reduced due to elevated temperature stress, and breeding rice varieties with tolerance to heat stress is of immense significance. Therefore, it is critical to study the molecular mechanism of rice in response to heat stress. In the last decades, large amounts of studies have been conducted focusing on rice heat stress response. Valuable information has been obtained, which not only sheds light on the regulatory network underlying this physiological process but also provides some candidate genes for improved heat tolerance breeding in rice. In this review, we summarized the studies in this field. Hopefully, it will provide some new insights into the mechanisms of rice under high temperature stress and clues for future engineering breeding of improved heat tolerance rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Jun Lv
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000 China
| | - Wenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Dong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Shiyou Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Yinggen Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Qi J, Yang S, Salam A, Yang C, Khan AR, Wu J, Azhar W, Gan Y. OsRbohI Regulates Rice Growth and Development via Jasmonic Acid Signalling. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:686-699. [PMID: 37036744 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules, generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases encoded by respiratory burst oxidase homologs. The functions of the OsRbohs gene family in rice are diverse and poorly understood. OsRbohI was recently identified as a newly evolved gene in the rice OsRbohs gene family. However, the function of OsRbohI in regulating rice growth is not yet reported. In this study, our results indicate that knockout (KO) OsRbohI mutants showed significantly shorter shoot and primary roots, along with lower ROS content than the control lines, whereas the overexpression (OE) lines displayed contrasting results. Further experiments showed that the abnormal length of the shoot and root is mainly caused by altered cell size. These results indicate that OsRbohI regulates rice shoot and root growth through the ROS signal. More importantly, RNA-seq analysis and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment demonstrated that OsRbohI regulates rice growth via the JA synthesis and signaling pathways. Compared with the control, the results showed that the KO mutants were more sensitive to JA, whereas the OE lines were less sensitive to JA. Collectively, our results reveal a novel pathway in which OsRbohI regulates rice growth and development by affecting their ROS homeostasis through JA synthesis and signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Qi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ali Raza Khan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Junyu Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wardah Azhar
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310000, China
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10
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Ren C, Luo G, Li X, Yao A, Liu W, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li W, Han D. MxFRO4 confers iron and salt tolerance through up-regulating antioxidant capacity associated with the ROS scavenging. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 285:154001. [PMID: 37187152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron is involved in various metabolic pathways of plants. Stress from iron deficiency and toxicity in the soil adversely affects plant growth. Therefore, studying the mechanism of iron absorption and transport by plants is of important for resistance to iron stress and to increase crop yield. In this study, Malus xiaojinensis (a Fe-efficient Malus plant) was used as research material. A ferric reduction oxidase (FRO) family gene member was cloned and named MxFRO4. The MxFRO4 encoded a protein of 697 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 78.54 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 4.90. A subcellular localization assay showed that the MxFRO4 protein was localized on the cell membrane. The expression of MxFRO4 was enriched in immature leaves and roots of M. xiaojinensis, and was strongly affected by low-iron, high-iron, and salt treatments. After introduction of MxFRO4 into Arabidopsis thaliana, the iron and salt stress tolerance of transgenic A. thaliana was greatly improved. Under exposure to low-iron and high-iron stresses, the primary root length, seedling fresh weight, contents of proline, chlorophyll, and iron, and iron(III) chelation activity of the transgenic lines were significantly increased compared with the wild type. The contents of chlorophyll and proline, and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase were significantly higher in transgenic A. thaliana overexpressing MxFRO4 under salt stress compared with the wild type, whereas the malondialdehyde content was decreased. These results suggest that MxFRO4 contributes to alleviating the effects of low-iron, high-iron, and salinity stresses in transgenic A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankun Ren
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Guijie Luo
- Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suqian, 223800, PR China
| | - Xingguo Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Anqi Yao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Wanda Liu
- Horticulture Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Horticulture Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Wenhui Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Deguo Han
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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11
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Zhang H, Wang X, Yan A, Deng J, Xie Y, Liu S, Liu D, He L, Weng J, Xu J. Evolutionary Analysis of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) Genes in Plants and Characterization of ZmRBOHs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3858. [PMID: 36835269 PMCID: PMC9965149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), as the key producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an essential role in plant development. In this study, a bioinformatic analysis was performed on 22 plant species, and 181 RBOH homologues were identified. A typical RBOH family was identified only in terrestrial plants, and the number of RBOHs increased from non-angiosperms to angiosperms. Whole genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication played a key role in RBOH gene family expansion. Amino acid numbers of 181 RBOHs ranged from 98 to 1461, and the encoded proteins had molecular weights from 11.1 to 163.6 kDa, respectively. All plant RBOHs contained a conserved NADPH_Ox domain, while some of them lacked the FAD_binding_8 domain. Plant RBOHs were classified into five main subgroups by phylogenetic analysis. Most RBOH members in the same subgroup showed conservation in both motif distribution and gene structure composition. Fifteen ZmRBOHs were identified in maize genome and were positioned in eight maize chromosomes. A total of three pairs of orthologous genes were found in maize, including ZmRBOH6/ZmRBOH8, ZmRBOH4/ZmRBOH10 and ZmRBOH15/ZmRBOH2. A Ka/Ks calculation confirmed that purifying selection was the main driving force in their evolution. ZmRBOHs had typical conserved domains and similar protein structures. cis-element analyses together with the expression profiles of the ZmRBOH genes in various tissues and stages of development suggested that ZmRBOH was involved in distinct biological processes and stress responses. Based on the RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR analysis, the transcriptional response of ZmRBOH genes was examined under various abiotic stresses, and most of ZmRBOH genes were up-regulated by cold stress. These findings provide valuable information for further revealing the biological roles of ZmRBOH genes in plant development and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - An Yan
- College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jie Deng
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yanping Xie
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Debin Liu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Lin He
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jianfeng Weng
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
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12
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Cui Y, Ouyang S, Zhao Y, Tie L, Shao C, Duan H. Plant responses to high temperature and drought: A bibliometrics analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1052660. [PMID: 36438139 PMCID: PMC9681914 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1052660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change is expected to further increase the frequency and severity of extreme events, such as high temperature/heat waves as well as drought in the future. Thus, how plant responds to high temperature and drought has become a key research topic. In this study, we extracted data from Web of Science Core Collections database, and synthesized plant responses to high temperature and drought based on bibliometric methods using software of R and VOSviewer. The results showed that a stabilized increasing trend of the publications (1199 papers) was found during the period of 2008 to 2014, and then showed a rapid increase (2583 papers) from year 2015 to 2021. Secondly, the top five dominant research fields of plant responses to high temperature and drought were Plant Science, Agroforestry Science, Environmental Science, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, respectively. The largest amount of published article has been found in the Frontiers in Plant Science journal, which has the highest global total citations and H-index. We also found that the journal of Plant Physiology has the highest local citations. From the most cited papers and references, the most important research focus was the improvement of crop yield and vegetation stress resistance. Furthermore, "drought" has been the most prominent keyword over the last 14 years, and more attention has been paid to "climate change" over the last 5 years. Under future climate change, how to regulate growth and development of food crops subjected to high temperature and drought stress may become a hotspot, and increasing research is critical to provide more insights into plant responses to high temperature and drought by linking plant above-below ground components. To summarize, this research will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the past, present, and future research on plant responses to high temperature and drought.
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13
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Liu C, Gao Y, Han L, Chu H. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to reactive oxygen species homeostasis of Bombax ceiba L. under drought stress. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:991781. [PMID: 36204632 PMCID: PMC9530913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.991781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major abiotic factors limiting plant growth and causing ecological degradation. The regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and ROS scavenging is essential to plant growth under drought stress. To investigate the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on ROS generation and ROS scavenging ability under drought stress in Bombax ceiba, the ROS content, the expression levels of respiratory burst oxidase homologue (Rbohs), and the antioxidant response were evaluated in AMF and NMF (non-inoculated AMF) plants under drought stress. 14 BcRboh genes were identified in the B. ceiba genome and divided into five subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. The effect of AMF on the expression profiles of BcRbohs were different under our conditions. AMF mainly downregulated the expression of Rbohs (BcRbohA, BcRbohD, BcRbohDX2, BcRbohE, BcRbohFX1, and BcRbohI) in drought-stressed seedlings. For well-water (WW) treatment, AMF slightly upregulated Rbohs in seedlings. AMF inoculation decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 19.11 and 20.85%, decreased the O2⋅– production rate by 39.69 and 65.20% and decreased H2O2 content by 20.06 and 43.21% compared with non-mycorrhizal (NMF) plants under drought stress in root and shoot, respectively. In addition, AMF inoculation increased the non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) content in roots by 153.52 and 28.18% under drought stress, respectively. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, PX, CAT, APX, GPX, GR, MDAR, and DHAR) all increased ranging from 19.47 - 131.54% due to AMF inoculation under drought stress. In conclusion, these results reveal that AMF inoculation can maintain ROS homeostasis by mitigating drought-induced ROS burst, via decreasing ROS generation and enhancing ROS scavenging ability of B. ceiba seedlings.
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Das S, Majumder B, Biswas AK. Comparative study on the influence of silicon and selenium to mitigate arsenic induced stress by modulating TCA cycle, GABA, and polyamine synthesis in rice seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:468-489. [PMID: 35122561 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a major concern for its usage in crop irrigation in many regions of the world. Arsenic is absorbed by rice plants mainly from arsenic contaminated water during irrigation. It hampers growth and agricultural productivity. The aim of the study was to mitigate the toxic effects of arsenate (As-V) [25 μM, 50 μM, and 75 μM] by silicon (Si) [2 mM] and selenium (Se) [5 μM] amendments on the activity of the TCA cycle, synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and polyamines (PAs) in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. MTU-1010) seedlings and to identify which chemical was more potential to combat this threat. As(V) application decreased the activities of tested respiratory enzymes and increased the levels of organic acids (OAs) in the test seedlings. Application of Si with As(V) and Se with As(V) increased the activities of respiratory enzymes and the levels of OAs. The effects were more pronounced during Si amendments. The activities of GABA synthesizing enzymes along with accumulation of GABA were increased under As(V) stress. During joint application of Si with As(V) and Se with As(V) the activity and the level of said parameters were decreased that indicating defensive role of these chemicals to resist As(V) toxicity in rice and Si amendments showed greater potential to reduce As(V) induced damages in the test seedlings. PAs trigger tolerance mechanism against As(V) in plants. PAs such as putrescine, spermidine and spermine were synthesized more during Si and Se amendments in As(V) contaminated rice seedlings to combat the toxic effects of As(V). Si amendments substantially modulated the toxic effects caused by As(V) over Se amendments in the As(V) challenged test seedlings. Thus, in future application of Si enriched fertilizer will be beneficial to grow rice plants with normal vigor in arsenic contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Barsha Majumder
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Asok K Biswas
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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15
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Singh R, Saripalli G, Gautam T, Kumar A, Jan I, Batra R, Kumar J, Kumar R, Balyan HS, Sharma S, Gupta PK. Meta-QTLs, ortho-MetaQTLs and candidate genes for grain Fe and Zn contents in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:637-650. [PMID: 35465199 PMCID: PMC8986950 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Majority of cereals are deficient in essential micronutrients including grain iron (GFe) and grain zinc (GZn), which are therefore the subject of research involving biofortification. In the present study, 11 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) including nine novel MQTLs for GFe and GZn contents were identified in wheat. Eight of these 11 MQTLs controlled both GFe and GZn. The confidence intervals of the MQTLs were narrower (0.51-15.75 cM) relative to those of the corresponding QTLs (0.6 to 55.1 cM). Two ortho-MQTLs involving three cereals (wheat, rice and maize) were also identified. Results of MQTLs were also compared with the results of earlier genome wide association studies (GWAS). As many as 101 candidate genes (CGs) underlying MQTLs were also identified. Twelve of these CGs were prioritized; these CGs encoded proteins with important domains (zinc finger, RING/FYVE/PHD type, flavin adenine dinucleotide linked oxidase, etc.) that are involved in metal ion binding, heme binding, iron binding, etc. qRT-PCR analysis was conducted for four of these 12 prioritized CGs using genotypes which have differed for GFe and GZn. Significant differential expression in these genotypes was observed at 14 and 28 days after anthesis. The MQTLs/CGs identified in the present study may be utilized in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for improvement of GFe/GZn contents and also for understanding the molecular basis of GFe/GZn homeostasis in wheat. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01149-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Gautam Saripalli
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland College Park, MD-20742 College Park, MD United States
| | - Tinku Gautam
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Irfat Jan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Ritu Batra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, 140306 Mohali, Punjab India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Harindra Singh Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Shailendra Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
| | - Pushpendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, 250 004 Meerut, U.P India
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Genome Wide Identification of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog ( Rboh) Genes in Citrus sinensis and Functional Analysis of CsRbohD in Cold Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020648. [PMID: 35054832 PMCID: PMC8776138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are critical enzymes involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play an important role in plant growth and development as well as various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Thus far, there have been few reports on the characterization of the Rboh gene family in Citrus. In this study, seven Rboh genes (CsRbohA~CsRbohG) were identified in the Citrus sinensis genome. The CsRboh proteins were predicted to localize to the cell membrane. Most CsRbohs contained four conserved domains, an EF-hand domain, and a transmembrane region. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the CsRbohs were divided into five groups, suggesting potential distinct functions and evolution. The expression profiles revealed that these seven CsRboh genes displayed tissue-specific expression patterns, and five CsRboh genes were responsive to cold stress. Fourteen putative cis-acting elements related to stress response, hormone response, and development regulation were present within the promoters of CsRboh genes. The in-silico microRNA target transcript analyses indicated that CsRbohE might be targeted by csi-miR164. Further functional and physiological analyses showed that the knockdown of CsRbohD in trifoliate orange impaired resistance to cold stress. As a whole, our results provide valuable information for further functional studies of the CsRboh genes in response to cold stress.
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17
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Baldoni E, Frugis G, Martinelli F, Benny J, Paffetti D, Buti M. A Comparative Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Revealed Conserved Key Genes and Regulatory Networks Involved in Drought Tolerance in Cereal Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13062. [PMID: 34884864 PMCID: PMC8657901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought affects plant growth and development, causing severe yield losses, especially in cereal crops. The identification of genes involved in drought tolerance is crucial for the development of drought-tolerant crops. The aim of this study was to identify genes that are conserved key players for conferring drought tolerance in cereals. By comparing the transcriptomic changes between tolerant and susceptible genotypes in four Gramineae species, we identified 69 conserved drought tolerant-related (CDT) genes that are potentially involved in the drought tolerance of all of the analysed species. The CDT genes are principally involved in stress response, photosynthesis, chlorophyll biogenesis, secondary metabolism, jasmonic acid signalling, and cellular transport. Twenty CDT genes are not yet characterized and can be novel candidates for drought tolerance. The k-means clustering analysis of expression data highlighted the prominent roles of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related mechanisms in differentiating the drought response between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. In addition, we identified specific transcription factors that could regulate the expression of photosynthesis and leaf senescence-related genes. Our analysis suggests that the balance between the induction of leaf senescence and maintenance of photosynthesis during drought plays a major role in tolerance. Fine-tuning of CDT gene expression modulation by specific transcription factors can be the key to improving drought tolerance in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy;
| | - Federico Martinelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Jubina Benny
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Donatella Paffetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy;
| | - Matteo Buti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy;
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18
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Zu X, Lu Y, Wang Q, La Y, Hong X, Tan F, Niu J, Xia H, Wu Y, Zhou S, Li K, Chen H, Qiang S, Rui Q, Wang H, La H. Increased Drought Resistance 1 Mutation Increases Drought Tolerance of Upland Rice by Altering Physiological and Morphological Traits and Limiting ROS Levels. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1168-1184. [PMID: 33836080 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To discover new mutants conferring enhanced tolerance to drought stress, we screened a mutagenized upland rice (Oryza sativa) population (cv. IAPAR9) and identified a mutant, named idr1-1 (increased drought resistance 1-1), with obviously increased drought tolerance under upland field conditions. The idr1-1 mutant possessed a significantly enhanced ability to tolerate high-drought stresses. Map-based cloning revealed that the gene LOC_Os05g26890, residing in the mapping region of IDR1 locus, carried a single-base deletion in the idr1-1 mutant. IDR1 encodes the Gα subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein (also known as RGA1), and this protein was localized in nucleus and to plasma membrane or cell periphery. Further investigations indicated that the significantly increased drought tolerance in idr1-1 mutants stemmed from a range of physiological and morphological changes, including greater leaf potentials, increased proline contents, heightened leaf thickness and upregulation of antioxidant-synthesizing and drought-induced genes, under drought-stressed conditions. Especially, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production might be remarkably impaired, while ROS-scavenging ability appeared to be markedly enhanced due to significantly elevated expression of ROS-scavenging enzyme genes in idr1-1 mutants under drought-stressed conditions. In addition, idr1-1 mutants showed reduced expression of OsBRD1. Altogether, these results suggest that mutation of IDR1 leads to alterations in multiple layers of regulations, which ultimately leads to changes in the physiological and morphological traits and limiting of ROS levels, and thereby confers obviously increased drought tolerance to the idr1-1 mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zu
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanke Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yumei La
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xinyue Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Feng Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Jiayu Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Huihui Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Bioinformatics Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoxia Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Huhui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- 6Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095China
| | - Qi Rui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Honggui La
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Wang S, Liu J, Wang X, Han Y, Liu F. Up-regulated 2-alkenal reductase expression improves low-nitrogen tolerance in maize by alleviating oxidative stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 43:2957-2968. [PMID: 33215716 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In plants, cellular lipid peroxidation is enhanced under low nitrogen (LN) stress; this increases the lipid-derived reactive carbonyl species (RCS) levels. The cellular toxicity of RCS can be reduced by various RCS-scavenging enzymes. However, the roles of these enzymes in alleviating oxidative stress and improving nutrient use efficiency (NUE) under nutrient stress remain unknown. Here, we overexpressed maize endogenous NADPH-dependent 2-alkenal reductase (ZmAER) in maize; it significantly increased the tolerance of transgenic plants (OX-AER) to LN stress. Under LN condition, the biomass, nitrogen accumulation, NUE, and leaf photosynthesis of the OX-AER plants were significantly higher than those of the wild-type (WT) plants. The leaf and root malondialdehyde and H2 O2 levels in the transgenic plants were significantly lower than those in WT. The expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes ZmCAT3, ZmPOD5 and ZmPOD13 was significantly higher in the transgenic lines than in WT. Under LN stress, the nitrate reductase activity in the OX-AER leaves was significantly increased compared with that in the WT leaves. Furthermore, under LN stress, ZmNRT1.1 and ZmNRT2.5 expression was upregulated in the OX-AER plants compared with that in WT. Overall, up-regulated ZmAER expression could enhance maize's tolerance to LN stress by alleviating oxidative stress and improve NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxiang Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Disease and Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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20
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Souri Z, Karimi N, Ahmad P. The effect of NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and glutathione (GSH) on Isatis cappadocica, under Arsenic (As) toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:945-957. [PMID: 33472408 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1870435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work was conducted to assess the effects of arsenic (As, 1000 µM), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 µM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 500 µM) on Isatis cappadocica. As treatment decreased plant growth and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and also enhanced the accumulation of As. As stress also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the application of GSH decreased the content of H2O2 and MDA by 43% and 55%, respectively, as compared to As treatment. The antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) also enhanced with As stress. NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the DPI, enhances the effect of As toxicity by increasing the accumulation of As, H2O2, MDA. DPI also enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes except GR and GST, However, the application GSH increased the plant growth and biomass yield, decreases accumulation of As, H2O2 and MDA content in As as well as As + DPI treated plants. The thiols content [total thiol (TT), non-protein thiol (NPT) protein thiols (PT), and glutathione (GSH)] were decreased in the As + DPI treatment but supplementation of GSH enhanced them. Novelty statement: The study reveals the beneficial role of GSH in mitigating the deleterious effects of Arsenic toxicity through its active involvement in the antioxidant metabolism, thiol synthesis and osmolyte accumulation. Apart from As, We provided the plants NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), which boosts the As toxicity. At present, there is dearth of information pertaining to the effects of DPI on plants growth and their responses under heavy metal stress.GSH application reversed the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) under As stress preventing the oxidative damage to biomolecules through the modulation of different antioxidant enzymes. The application of GSH for As stressed soil could be a sustainable approach for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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21
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Cao L, Gao Y, Yu J, Niu S, Zeng J, Yao Q, Wang X, Bu Z, Xu T, Liu X, Zhu Y. Streptomyces hygroscopicus OsiSh-2-induced mitigation of Fe deficiency in rice plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:275-283. [PMID: 33243710 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The limited availability of nutrient Fe severely impairs the health of almost all organisms. Endophytic actinobacteria can benefit the host plant in different ways. We previously inferred that the rice (Oryza) endophytic Streptomyces hygroscopicus OsiSh-2 possesses a highly efficient Fe-acquisition system. In this work, we first evaluated the effects of OsiSh-2 on the Fe-deficiency resilience of the host rice. The results demonstrated that the inoculation of OsiSh-2 considerably increased the plant biomass, Fe concentration and translocation factor, and chlorophyll content, and net leaf photosynthetic rate under Fe limiting condition. The expression of genes involved with Fe3+-reduction-related strategy in rice was up-regulated, while that involved with Fe3+-chelation-related strategy was down-regulated by OsiSh-2 treatment. Meanwhile, the OsiSh-2-rice symbiont showed enhancement of Fe3+-chelate reductase activity, total siderophore production, and acidification trend in the rhizosphere under Fe deficiency compared to plants without this endophyte. In conclusion, endophytic OsiSh-2 could protect plants against Fe-deficient stress by a sophisticated interaction with the host, including modulating Fe chelation, solubilization, reduction and translocation, ultimately leading to enhanced fitness of plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jinlan Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shuqi Niu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qingqing Yao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhigang Bu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ting Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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22
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Mahalingam R, Graham D, Walling JG. The Barley ( Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (HvRBOH) Gene Family and Their Plausible Role on Malting Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:608541. [PMID: 33679826 PMCID: PMC7934426 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.608541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlled generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is pivotal for normal plant development and adaptation to changes in the external milieu. One of the major enzymatic sources of ROS in plants are the plasma-membrane localized NADPH oxidases, also called as Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologs (RBOH). In addition to the six previously reported, seven new members of RBOH gene family were identified in barley using in silico analysis. Conservation of genomic structure and key residues important for catalytic activity and co-factor binding was observed in barley RBOH genes. Phylogenetic analysis of plant RBOHs revealed distinct clades for monocot and dicot RBOH proteins. Hence, we propose to use the rice nomenclature for naming barley RBOH genes. Temporal changes in ROS profiles were observed during barley malting and was accompanied by changes in protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacity. Among the nine differentially expressed HvRBOHs during various malting stages, HvRBOHA and HvRBOHC showed most significant sustained changes in expression. RNAi knockdown lines with reduced expression of HvRBOHA/C gene exhibited genetic compensation via inducible expression of other gene family members during malting. However, the physiological consequence of reduced expression of HvRBOHA/C manifested as a poor malting quality profile attributable to low alpha-amylase activity and high levels of beta-glucan. We propose that the HvRBOHs play a critical role in modulating the redox milieu during the early stages of malting, which in turn can significantly impact carbohydrate metabolism.
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Jiang G, Liu D, Yin D, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Li C, Zhu L, Zhai W. A Rice NBS-ARC Gene Conferring Quantitative Resistance to Bacterial Blight Is Regulated by a Pathogen Effector-Inducible miRNA. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:1752-1767. [PMID: 32966899 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) causes blight in rice worldwide, resulting in significant crop loss. However, no gene underlying a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for resistance against Xoo has been cloned yet. Here, we report the map-based cloning of a QTL, in which the NBS8R gene confers quantitative resistance to Xoo. NBS8R encodes an NB-ARC protein, which is involved in pathogen/microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and whose expression is regulated by non-TAL effector XopQ-inducible Osa-miR1876 through DNA methylation. Sequence analysis of NBS8R in wild rice species and rice cultivars suggests that the Osa-miR1876 binding sites in the 5' UTR of NBS8R are inserted by chance and have undergone variations with Osa-miR1876 throughout evolution. The interaction between NBS8R and XopQ-inducible Osa-miR1876 is partially in keeping with the zigzag model, revealing that quantitative genes may also follow this model to control the innate immune response or basal disease resistance, and may prove valuable in utilizing the existing landraces that harbor the NBS8R gene but with no Osa-miR1876 binding site in rice breeding for bacterial blight resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghuai Jiang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dongfeng Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Dedong Yin
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Zhou
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunrong Li
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lihuang Zhu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Wenxue Zhai
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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24
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Shi Y, Chang YL, Wu HT, Shalmani A, Liu WT, Li WQ, Xu JW, Chen KM. OsRbohB-mediated ROS production plays a crucial role in drought stress tolerance of rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:1767-1784. [PMID: 32980968 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We found that a rice NADPH oxidase gene OsRbohB contributes drought tolerance and its functions are involved in the interaction of the OsRbohB-mediated ROS production and ABA signaling. The plasma membrane NADPH oxidases, also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs, are the key producers of ROS under both normal and stress conditions in plants. However, their functions in rice development and stress tolerance are still under investigation. Here, we found that a rice NADPH oxidase gene OsRbohB, also named OsNOX1, is expressed in all tissues examined throughout the development stages with higher transcripts in leaves. The transcriptional expression of OsRbohB is also strongly stimulated by dehydration, salt and several phytohormonal treatments. Compared with wide-type and the OsRbohB-overexpressing transgenic plants, osrbohB, a Tos17 insertion knockout mutant of OsRbohB, shows lower ROS production, abscisic acid (ABA) content and transcripts of a series of stress-related genes. The osrbohB mutant also exhibits lower seed germination rate, organ size and thousand seed weight, but higher stomatal aperture and sensitivity to drought. Moreover, a number of genes involved in plant development, stress response, transcriptional regulation, and particularly ABA signaling are differentially expressed in osrbohB plants under both normal growth and drought conditions. All these results suggest the roles of OsRbohB in drought tolerance of rice, which probably performed through the interaction of the OsRbohB-mediated ROS production and ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area/College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan-Li Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area/College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wu
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area/College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area/College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area/College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xu
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area/College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China.
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25
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Advances and Challenges in the Breeding of Salt-Tolerant Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218385. [PMID: 33182265 PMCID: PMC7664944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization and a degraded ecological environment are challenging agricultural productivity and food security. Rice (Oryza sativa), the staple food of much of the world’s population, is categorized as a salt-susceptible crop. Improving the salt tolerance of rice would increase the potential of saline-alkali land and ensure food security. Salt tolerance is a complex quantitative trait. Biotechnological efforts to improve the salt tolerance of rice hinge on a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance. In this review, we summarize progress in the breeding of salt-tolerant rice and in the mapping and cloning of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with salt tolerance in rice. Furthermore, we describe biotechnological tools that can be used to cultivate salt-tolerant rice, providing a reference for efforts aimed at rapidly and precisely cultivating salt-tolerance rice varieties.
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26
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Huang HE, Ho MH, Chang H, Chao HY, Ger MJ. Overexpression of plant ferredoxin-like protein promotes salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:136-146. [PMID: 32750653 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
High-salinity stress is one of the major limiting factors on crop productivity. Physiological strategies against high-salinity stress include generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of stress-related genes expression, accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and up-regulation of antiporters. ROS are metabolism by-products and involved in signal transduction pathway. Constitutive expression of plant ferrodoxin-like protein (PFLP) gene enhances pathogen-resistance activities and root-hair growth through promoting ROS generation. However, the function of PFLP in abiotic stress responses is unclear. In this study, PFLP-1 and PFLP-2-transgenic rice plants were generated to elucidate the role of PFLP under salinity stress. PFLP overexpression significantly increased salt tolerance in PFLP-transgenic rice plants compared with non-transgenic plants (Oryza sativa japonica cv. Tainung 67, designated as TNG67). In high-salinity conditions, PFLP-transgenic plants exhibited earlier ROS production, higher antioxidant enzyme activities, higher ABA accumulation, up-regulated expression of stress-related genes (OsRBOHa, Cu/Zn SOD, OsAPX, OsNCED2, OsSOS1, OsCIPK24, OsCBL4, and OsNHX2), and leaf sodium ion content was lower compared with TNG67 plant. In addition, transgenic lines maintained electron transport rates and contained lower malondialdhyde (MDA) content than TNG67 plant did under salt-stress conditions. Overall results indicated salinity tolerance was improved by PFLP overexpression in transgenic rice plant. The PFLP gene is a potential candidate for improving salinity tolerance for valuable agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-En Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Taitung University, Taitung, 95002, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hsuan Ho
- Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 30015, Taiwan.
| | - Hsien-Yu Chao
- Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
| | - Mang-Jye Ger
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
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27
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Chen Y, Dangol S, Wang J, Jwa NS. Focal Accumulation of ROS Can Block Pyricularia oryzae Effector BAS4-Expression and Prevent Infection in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176196. [PMID: 32867341 PMCID: PMC7503722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst is the most common plant immunity mechanism to prevent pathogen infection, although the exact role of ROS in plant immunity has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the expression and translocation of Oryza sativa respiratory burst oxidase homologue B (OsRBOHB) during compatible and incompatible interactions between rice epidermal cells and the pathogenic fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae). We characterized the functional role of ROS focal accumulation around invading hyphae during P. oryzae infection process using the OsRBOHB inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and the actin filament polymerization inhibitor cytochalasin (Cyt) A. OsRBOHB was strongly induced during incompatible rice–P. oryzae interactions, and newly synthesized OsRBOHB was focally distributed at infection sites. High concentrations of ROS focally accumulated at the infection sites and suppressed effector biotrophy-associated secreted (BAS) proteins BAS4 expression and invasive hyphal growth. DPI and Cyt A abolished ROS focal accumulation and restored P. oryzae effector BAS4 expression. These results suggest that ROS focal accumulation is able to function as an effective immune mechanism that blocks some effectors including BAS4-expression during P. oryzae infection. Disruption of ROS focal accumulation around invading hyphae enables successful P. oryzae colonization of rice cells and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chen
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Sarmina Dangol
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
- Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Wang
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Nam-Soo Jwa
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (Y.C.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-010-6477-1100
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28
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González-Gordo S, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Palma JM, Corpas FJ. Superoxide Radical Metabolism in Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits Is Regulated by Ripening and by a NO-Enriched Environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:485. [PMID: 32477380 PMCID: PMC7240112 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide radical (O2 •-) is involved in numerous physiological and stress processes in higher plants. Fruit ripening encompasses degradative and biosynthetic pathways including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. With the use of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits at different ripening stages and under a nitric oxide (NO)-enriched environment, the metabolism of O2 •- was evaluated at biochemical and molecular levels considering the O2 •- generation by a NADPH oxidase system and its dismutation by superoxide dismutase (SOD). At the biochemical level, seven O2 •--generating NADPH-dependent oxidase isozymes [also called respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) I-VII], with different electrophoretic mobility and abundance, were detected considering all ripening stages from green to red fruits and NO environment. Globally, this system was gradually increased from green to red stage with a maximum of approximately 2.4-fold increase in red fruit compared with green fruit. Significantly, breaking-point (BP) fruits with and without NO treatment both showed intermediate values between those observed in green and red peppers, although the value in NO-treated fruits was lower than in BP untreated fruits. The O2 •--generating NADPH oxidase isozymes I and VI were the most affected. On the other hand, four SOD isozymes were identified by non-denaturing electrophoresis: one Mn-SOD, one Fe-SOD, and two CuZn-SODs. However, none of these SOD isozymes showed any significant change during the ripening from green to red fruits or under NO treatment. In contrast, at the molecular level, both RNA-sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed different patterns with downregulation of four genes RBOH A, C, D, and E during pepper fruit ripening. On the contrary, it was found out the upregulation of a Mn-SOD gene in the ripening transition from immature green to red ripe stages, whereas a Fe-SOD gene was downregulated. In summary, the data reveal a contradictory behavior between activity and gene expression of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of O2 •- during the ripening of pepper fruit. However, it could be concluded that the prevalence and regulation of the O2 •- generation system (NADPH oxidase-like) seem to be essential for an appropriate control of the pepper fruit ripening, which, additionally, is modulated in the presence of a NO-enriched environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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29
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Yu S, Kakar KU, Yang Z, Nawaz Z, Lin S, Guo Y, Ren XL, Baloch AA, Han D. Systematic study of the stress-responsive Rboh gene family in Nicotiana tabacum: Genome-wide identification, evolution and role in disease resistance. Genomics 2020; 112:1404-1418. [PMID: 31430516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Plant respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) gene family encodes the key enzymatic subunits of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production pathways, and play crucial role in plant signaling, development and stress responses. In present work, twenty genes were identified in Nicotiana tabacum Rboh family (NtabRboh) and classified into four phylogenetic groups (I-IV). Fourteen NtabRboh genes were positioned on ten chromosomes (i.e., Ch1, 2, 4, 7-11, 14 and 21), and six scaffolds. Synteny and evolutionary analysis showed that most of the NtabRboh genes have evolved from the genomes of the ancestor species (N. tomentosiformis and N. sylvestris), which afterwards expanded through duplication events. The promoter regions of the NtabRboh genes contained numerous cis-acting regulatory elements for hormones, plant growth, and different biotic and abiotic factors. The NtabRbohF gene transcript comprised target sites for wounding and stress responsive microRNAs: nta-miR166a-d, g and h. The transcript abundance of NtabRboh genes in different tissues reflected their important for plant growth and organ development in tobacco. RT-qPCR-assays demonstrated that the expression of NtabRboh genes are regulated by viral and bacterial pathogens, drought, cold and cadmium stress. The expression levels NtabRbohA, B and C were significantly up-regulated in "black shank and tobacco mosaic virus-inoculated susceptible and transgenic tobacco cultivars, showing that these genes play important roles in disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhou Yu
- Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China; College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaleem Ullah Kakar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan.
| | - Zhixiao Yang
- Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Zarqa Nawaz
- Department of Botany, University of Central Punjab, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Shifeng Lin
- Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Yushuang Guo
- Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Xue-Liang Ren
- Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Akram Ali Baloch
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan.
| | - Dejun Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Lohani N, Jain D, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Engineering Multiple Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Canola, Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:3. [PMID: 32161602 PMCID: PMC7052498 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Impacts of climate change like global warming, drought, flooding, and other extreme events are posing severe challenges to global crop production. Contribution of Brassica napus towards the oilseed industry makes it an essential component of international trade and agroeconomics. Consequences from increasing occurrences of multiple abiotic stresses on this crop are leading to agroeconomic losses making it vital to endow B. napus crop with an ability to survive and maintain yield when faced with simultaneous exposure to multiple abiotic stresses. For an improved understanding of the stress sensing machinery, there is a need for analyzing regulatory pathways of multiple stress-responsive genes and other regulatory elements such as non-coding RNAs. However, our understanding of these pathways and their interactions in B. napus is far from complete. This review outlines the current knowledge of stress-responsive genes and their role in imparting multiple stress tolerance in B. napus. Analysis of network cross-talk through omics data mining is now making it possible to unravel the underlying complexity required for stress sensing and signaling in plants. Novel biotechnological approaches such as transgene-free genome editing and utilization of nanoparticles as gene delivery tools are also discussed. These can contribute to providing solutions for developing climate change resilient B. napus varieties with reduced regulatory limitations. The potential ability of synthetic biology to engineer and modify networks through fine-tuning of stress regulatory elements for plant responses to stress adaption is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Hu CH, Wang PQ, Zhang PP, Nie XM, Li BB, Tai L, Liu WT, Li WQ, Chen KM. NADPH Oxidases: The Vital Performers and Center Hubs during Plant Growth and Signaling. Cells 2020; 9:E437. [PMID: 32069961 PMCID: PMC7072856 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs), mostly known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), are the key producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. A lot of literature has addressed ROS signaling in plant development regulation and stress responses as well as on the enzyme's structure, evolution, function, regulation and associated mechanisms, manifesting the role of NOXs/RBOHs as the vital performers and center hubs during plant growth and signaling. This review focuses on recent advances of NOXs/RBOHs on cell growth, hormone interaction, calcium signaling, abiotic stress responses, and immunity. Several primary particles, including Ca2+, CDPKs, BIK1, ROPs/RACs, CERK, FER, ANX, SnRK and SIK1-mediated regulatory mechanisms, are fully summarized to illustrate the signaling behavior of NOXs/RBOHs and their sophisticated and dexterous crosstalks. Diverse expression and activation regulation models endow NOXs/RBOHs powerful and versatile functions in plants to maintain innate immune homeostasis and development integrity. NOXs/RBOHs and their related regulatory items are the ideal targets for crop improvement in both yield and quality during agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, Henan, China
| | - Peng-Qi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiu-Min Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Wang W, Chen D, Liu D, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Song L, Hu M, Dong J, Shen F. Comprehensive analysis of the Gossypium hirsutum L. respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Ghrboh) gene family. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:91. [PMID: 31996127 PMCID: PMC6988335 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant NADPH oxidase (NOX), also known as respiratory burst oxidase homolog (rboh), encoded by the rboh gene, is a key enzyme in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic network. It catalyzes the formation of the superoxide anion (O2•-), a type of ROS. In recent years, various studies had shown that members of the plant rboh gene family were involved in plant growth and developmental processes as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses, but little is known about its functional role in upland cotton. RESULTS In the present study, 26 putative Ghrboh genes were identified and characterized. They were phylogenetically classified into six subfamilies and distributed at different densities across 18 of the 26 chromosomes or scaffolds. Their exon-intron structures, conserved domains, synteny and collinearity, gene family evolution, regulation mediated by cis-acting elements and microRNAs (miRNAs) were predicted and analyzed. Additionally, expression profiles of Ghrboh gene family were analyzed in different tissues/organs and at different developmental stages and under different abiotic stresses, using RNA-Seq data and real-time PCR. These profiling studies indicated that the Ghrboh genes exhibited temporal and spatial specificity with respect to expression, and might play important roles in cotton development and in stress tolerance through modulating NOX-dependent ROS induction and other signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the Ghrboh gene family determined features such as sequence, synteny and collinearity, phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship, expression patterns, and cis-element- and miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression. Our results will provide valuable information to help with further gene cloning, evolutionary analysis, and biological function analysis of cotton rbohs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fafu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, NO. 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018 People’s Republic of China
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Yildiztugay E, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Kucukoduk M, Turkan I. Flavonoid Naringenin Alleviates Short-Term Osmotic and Salinity Stresses Through Regulating Photosynthetic Machinery and Chloroplastic Antioxidant Metabolism in Phaseolus vulgaris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:682. [PMID: 32582241 PMCID: PMC7283533 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to demonstrate the possible roles of exogenously applied flavonoid naringenin (Nar) on the efficiency of PSII photochemistry and the responses of chloroplastic antioxidant of salt and osmotic-stressed Phaseolus vulgaris (cv. Yunus90). For this aim, plants were grown in a hydroponic culture and were treated with Nar (0.1 mM and 0.4 mM) alone or in a combination with salt (100 mM NaCl) and/or osmotic (10% Polyethylene glycol, -0.54 MPa). Both caused a reduction in water content (RWC), osmotic potential (ΨΠ), chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), and potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo). Nar reversed the changes on these parameters. The phenomenological fluxes (TRo/CS and ETo/CS) altered by stress were induced by Nar and Nar led to a notable increase in the performance index (PIABS) and the capacity of light reaction [ΦPo/(1-ΦPo)]. Besides, Nar-applied plants exhibited higher specific fluxes values [ABS/RC, ETo/RC, and ΨEo/(1-ΨEo)] and decreasing controlled dissipation of energy (DIo/CSo and DIo/RC). The transcripts levels of psbA and psbD were lowered in stress-treated bean but upregulated in Nar-treated plants after stress exposure. Nar also alleviated the changes on gas exchange parameters [carbon assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal limitation (Ls)]. By regulating the antioxidant metabolism of the isolated chloroplasts, Nar was able to control the toxic levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and TBARS (lipid peroxidation) produced by stresses. Chloroplastic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity reduced by stresses was increased by Nar. In response to NaCl, Nar increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), as well as peroxidase (POX). Nar protected the bean chloroplasts by minimizing disturbances caused by NaCl exposure via the ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) redox-based systems. Under Nar plus PEG, Nar maintained the AsA regeneration by the induction of MDHAR and DHAR, but not GSH recycling by virtue of no induction in GR activity and the reduction in GSH/GSSG and GSH redox state. Based on these advances, Nar protected in bean chloroplasts by minimizing disturbances caused by NaCl or PEG exposure via the AsA or GSH redox-based systems and POX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kucukoduk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ismail Turkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Ismail Turkan,
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Buti M, Baldoni E, Formentin E, Milc J, Frugis G, Lo Schiavo F, Genga A, Francia E. A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Transcriptomic Data Reveals a Set of Key Genes Involved in the Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5662. [PMID: 31726733 PMCID: PMC6888222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several environmental factors, such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, negatively affect plant growth and development, which leads to yield losses. The tolerance or sensitivity to abiotic stressors are the expression of a complex machinery involving molecular, biochemical, and physiological mechanisms. Here, a meta-analysis on previously published RNA-Seq data was performed to identify the genes conferring tolerance to chilling, osmotic, and salt stresses, by comparing the transcriptomic changes between tolerant and susceptible rice genotypes. Several genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) were identified, suggesting that abiotic stress tolerance involves upstream regulatory pathways. A gene co-expression network defined the metabolic and signalling pathways with a prominent role in the differentiation between tolerance and susceptibility: (i) the regulation of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels, through the modulation of genes that are related to its biosynthesis/catabolism, (ii) the signalling pathways mediated by ABA and jasmonic acid, (iii) the activity of the "Drought and Salt Tolerance" TF, involved in the negative regulation of stomatal closure, and (iv) the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis by specific MYB TFs. The identified genes represent putative key players for conferring tolerance to a broad range of abiotic stresses in rice; a fine-tuning of their expression seems to be crucial for rice plants to cope with environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Buti
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (J.M.); (E.F.)
- Present address: Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- CNR-IBBA, Rome Unit, via Salaria Km. 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy;
| | - Elide Formentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (F.L.S.)
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, 35123 Padova, Italy
| | - Justyna Milc
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (J.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- CNR-IBBA, Rome Unit, via Salaria Km. 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy;
| | - Fiorella Lo Schiavo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.F.); (F.L.S.)
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, 35123 Padova, Italy
| | - Annamaria Genga
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Enrico Francia
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.B.); (J.M.); (E.F.)
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Zhang H, Tan X, Li L, He Y, Hong G, Li J, Lin L, Cheng Y, Yan F, Chen J, Sun Z. Suppression of auxin signalling promotes rice susceptibility to Rice black streaked dwarf virus infection. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2019; 20:1093-1104. [PMID: 31250531 PMCID: PMC6640184 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Auxin plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development, and also influences plant defence against various pathogens. Previous studies have examined the different roles of the auxin pathway during infection by biotrophic bacteria and necrotrophic fungi. We now show that the auxin signalling pathway was markedly down-regulated following infection of rice by Rice black streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), a dsRNA virus. Repression of the auxin receptor TIR1 by a mutant overexpressing miR393 increased rice susceptibility to RBSDV. Mutants overexpressing the auxin signalling repressors OsIAA20 and OsIAA31 were also more susceptible to RBSDV. The induction of jasmonic acid (JA) pathway genes in response to RBSDV was supressed in auxin signalling mutants, suggesting that activation of the JA pathway may be part of the auxin signalling-mediated rice defence against RBSDV. More importantly, our results also revealed that OsRboh-mediated reactive oxygen species levels played important roles in this defence. The results offer novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of auxin signalling in the rice-RBSDV interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Lulu Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Yuqing He
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Junmin Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Lin Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Ye Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Fei Yan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Jianping Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Zongtao Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and DiseaseInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
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Zhao Y, Zou Z. Genomics analysis of genes encoding respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) in jatropha and the comparison with castor bean. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7263. [PMID: 31338257 PMCID: PMC6626655 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), which catalyze the production of superoxide from oxygen and NADPH, play key roles in plant growth and development, hormone signaling, and stress responses. Compared with extensive studies in model plants arabidopsis and rice, little is known about RBOHs in other species. This study presents a genome-wide analysis of Rboh family genes in jatropha (Jatropha curcas) as well as the comparison with castor bean (Ricinus communis), another economically important non-food oilseed crop of the Euphorbiaceae family. The family number of seven members identified from the jatropha genome is equal to that present in castor bean, and further phylogenetic analysis assigned these genes into seven groups named RBOHD, -C, -B, -E, -F, -N, and -H. In contrast to a high number of paralogs present in arabidopsis and rice that experienced several rounds of recent whole-genome duplications, no duplicate was identified in both jatropha and castor bean. Conserved synteny and one-to-one orthologous relationship were observed between jatropha and castor bean Rboh genes. Although exon-intron structures are usually highly conserved between orthologs, loss of certain introns was observed for JcRbohB, JcRbohD, and RcRbohN, supporting their divergence. Global gene expression profiling revealed diverse patterns of JcRbohs over various tissues. Moreover, expression patterns of JcRbohs during flower development as well as various stresses were also investigated. These findings will not only improve our knowledge on species-specific evolution of the Rboh gene family, but also provide valuable information for further functional analysis of Rboh genes in jatropha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Zhao
- Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China.,Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Feng X, Luo Z, Kong S, Zhang C, Gong A, Yuan H, Cheng L, Wang X. Genomic, molecular evolution, and expression analysis of NOX genes in soybean (Glycine max). Genomics 2019; 111:619-628. [PMID: 29621573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are versatile signaling molecules in sensing stresses and play critical roles in signaling and development. Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are key producers of ROS, and play important roles in the regulation of plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the NOX gene family in the soybean genome (Glycine max) and 17 NOX (GmNOX) genes were identified. Structural analysis revealed that the GmNOX proteins in soybean were as conserved as those in other plants. 8 duplicated gene pairs were formed by a Glycine-specific whole-genome duplication (WGD) event approximately 13 million years ago (Mya). The Ka/Ks ratios of GmNOX genes ranged from 0.04 to 0.28, suggesting that the GmNOX family had undergone purifying selection in soybean. Gene expression patterns showed different expression of these duplicate genes, suggesting that the GmNOXs were retained by substantial subfunctionalization during the soybean evolutionary processes. Subsequently, the expression of GmNOXs in response to drought and phytohormones were characterized via qPCR. Importantly, four GmNOXs showed strong expression in nodules, pointing to their probable involvement in nodulation. Thus, our results shed light on the evolutionary history of this family in soybean and contribute to the functional characterization of GmNOX genes in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaibao Zhang
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, Henan, China; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, Henan, China; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhaoyi Luo
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Shuwei Kong
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Andong Gong
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, Henan, China; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Hongyu Yuan
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, Henan, China; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, Henan, China; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
| | - Xiangnan Wang
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, Henan, China; College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
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Genome-wide mining of respiratory burst homologs and its expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in Triticum aestivum. Genes Genomics 2019; 41:1027-1043. [PMID: 31140145 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Membrane-bound NADPH oxidases (Nicotinamide adenine ainucleotide phosphate oxidase) also called respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rboh) play an essential role in ROS production under normal as well as environmental stress conditions in plants. OBJECTIVE To identify and study respiratory burst homologs (Rboh) from the wheat genome as well as characterize their role in various biological and molecular processes along with expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. METHODS The Rboh homologs in the wheat genome were predicted based on data processing, alignment of sequences and phylogenetic analysis of sequences in numerous plant species and wheat. The conserved motifs were known followed by domain design study. The 3-D structure prediction and similarity modeling were administered for NADPH enzyme domain. Gene ontology and a functional study were done in addition to expression analysis of Triticum aestivum respiratory burst oxidase (TaRboh) gene family in response to biotic as well as abiotic stress. RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis of Rboh gene family members among seven plant species including wheat, classified the family into four subfamilies. Rboh genes are mainly involved in various biological processes such as Response to oxidative stress, Superoxide anion generation, Hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process. Among the molecular functions, calcium ion binding, peroxidase activity, oxidoreductase activity, superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity are essential. Enzyme annotation of the family and superfamily revealed that it encodes to five structural clusters and coding to enzymes NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming) (EC:1.6.3.1), Ferric-chelate reductase (NADH) (EC: 1.16.1.7), Peroxidase (EC: 1.11.1.7), Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase (EC: 2.7.6.1). The enzymes contain six membrane-spanning domains, two hemes, and conserved motifs associated with NADPH, EF-hand and FAD binding. The outcomes additionally reflect a distinct role of this enzyme in different molecular functions which are responsible for the stress signaling. Further, the transcripts of TaRboh found expressed in various plant parts such as stem, leaves, spike, seed, and roots. We also observed expression of these gene family members under drought/combination of drought + heat and important wheat pathogens such as Puccinia striformis, Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, Fusarium graminiarum, F. pseudograminiarum, and Zymoseptoria tritici. CONCLUSIONS The investigation demonstrated that identified respiratory burst homologs (Rboh) in T. aestivum were involved in pathogen activated ROS production and have regulatory functions in cell death and defense responses.
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RBOH-Dependent ROS Synthesis and ROS Scavenging by Plant Specialized Metabolites To Modulate Plant Development and Stress Responses. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:370-396. [PMID: 30781949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate plant growth and development. ROS are kept at low levels in cells to prevent oxidative damage, allowing them to be effective signaling molecules upon increased synthesis. In plants and animals, NADPH oxidase/respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) proteins provide localized ROS bursts to regulate growth, developmental processes, and stress responses. This review details ROS production via RBOH enzymes in the context of plant development and stress responses and defines the locations and tissues in which members of this family function in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. To ensure that these ROS signals do not reach damaging levels, plants use an array of antioxidant strategies. In addition to antioxidant machineries similar to those found in animals, plants also have a variety of specialized metabolites that scavenge ROS. These plant specialized metabolites exhibit immense structural diversity and have highly localized accumulation. This makes them important players in plant developmental processes and stress responses that use ROS-dependent signaling mechanisms. This review summarizes the unique properties of plant specialized metabolites, including carotenoids, ascorbate, tocochromanols (vitamin E), and flavonoids, in modulating ROS homeostasis. Flavonols, a subclass of flavonoids with potent antioxidant activity, are induced during stress and development, suggesting that they have a role in maintaining ROS homeostasis. Recent results using genetic approaches have shown how flavonols regulate development and stress responses through their action as antioxidants.
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Muhammad I, Li WQ, Jing XQ, Zhou MR, Shalmani A, Ali M, Wei XY, Sharif R, Liu WT, Chen KM. A systematic in silico prediction of gibberellic acid stimulated GASA family members: A novel small peptide contributes to floral architecture and transcriptomic changes induced by external stimuli in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 234-235:117-132. [PMID: 30784850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The GASA (GA-stimulated Arabidopsis) gene family is highly specific to plants, signifying a crucial role in plant growth and development. Herein, we retrieved 119 GASA genes in 10 different plant species in two major lineages (monocots and eudicots). Further, in the phylogenetic tree we classified these genes into four well-conserved subgroups. All the proteins contain a conserved GASA domain with similar characteristics and a highly specific 12-cysteine residue of the C-terminus position. According to the global microarray data and qRT-PCR based analysis, the OsGASA gene family was dominantly expressed in the seedling and transition phase of floral stages. Despite this, OsGASA genes profoundly contribute to rice grain size and length, whereas the highest abundance of transcript level was noticed in stage-2 (Inf 6, 3.0-cm-long spikelet) and stage-3 (Inf 7, 5.0-cm-long spikelet) under GA treatment during panicle formation. Additionally, the maximum expression level of these genes was recorded in response to GA and ABA in young seedlings. Further, in response to abiotic stresses, OsGASA1/8/10 was up- regulated by salt, OsGASA2/5/7 by drought, OsGASA3/6 by cold, and OsGASA4/9 by heat stress. With the exception of OsGASA4, the higher transcription levels of all the other GASA genes were induced by Cd and Cr metal stresses (8-10 fold changes) at various time points. Finally, the GO ontology analysis of GASAs revealed the biological involvement in the GA-mediated signaling pathway and abiotic stresses. Prominently, most of these proteins are localized in cellular components such as the cell wall and extracellular region, where the molecular functions such as ATP binding and protein binding were observed. These results imply that GASAs are significantly involved in rice panicle developmental stages, responses to external stimuli, and hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Meng-Ru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rahat Sharif
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Li D, Wu D, Li S, Dai Y, Cao Y. Evolutionary and functional analysis of the plant-specific NADPH oxidase gene family in Brassica rapa L. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181727. [PMID: 30891283 PMCID: PMC6408365 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) have been known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs) in plants. To characterize the evolutionary relationships and functions of RBOHs in Brassica rapa, 134 RBOH homologues were identified from 13 plant species, including 14 members (namely BrRBOH01-14) from B. rapa. There presented 47 gene-pairs among 14 BrRBOHs and other RBOHs, consisting of five pairs within B. rapa, and 15 pairs between B. rapa and Arabidopsis thaliana. Together with phylogenetic analysis, the results suggested that whole-genome duplication might have played an important role in BrRBOH gene expansion, and these duplication events occurred after the divergence of the eudicot and the monocot lineages examined. Furthermore, gene expression of RBOHs in both A. thaliana and B. rapa were assayed via qRT-PCR. An RBOH gene, BrRBOH13 in B. rapa, was transformed into wild-type Arabidopsis plants. The transgenic lines with the overexpressed level of BrRBOH13 conferred to be more tolerant to heavy metal lead (0.05 mM) than wild-type plants. Overall, this integrated analysis at genome-wide level has provided some information on the evolutionary relationships among plant-specific NOXs and the coordinated diversification of gene structure and function in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahui Li
- Author for correspondence: Dahui Li e-mail:
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al Amin N, Ahmad N, Wu N, Pu X, Ma T, Du Y, Bo X, Wang N, Sharif R, Wang P. CRISPR-Cas9 mediated targeted disruption of FAD2-2 microsomal omega-6 desaturase in soybean (Glycine max.L). BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:9. [PMID: 30691438 PMCID: PMC6350355 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent innovation in the field of genome engineering encompasses numerous levels of plant genome engineering which attract the substantial excitement of plant biologist worldwide. RNA-guided CRISPR Cas9 system has appeared a promising tool in site-directed mutagenesis due to its innovative utilization in different branches of biology. CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease system have supersedes all previously existed strategies and their associated pitfalls encountered with site-specific mutagenesis. RESULTS Here we demonstrated an efficient sequence specific integration/mutation of FAD2-2 gene in soybean using CRISPR-Cas9 nuclease system. A single guided RNA sequence was designed with the help of a number of bioinformatics tools aimed to target distinct sites of FAD2-2 loci in soybean. The binary vector (pCas9-AtU6-sgRNA) has been successfully transformed into soybean cotyledon using Agrobacterium tumafacien. Taken together our findings complies soybean transgenic mutants subjected to targeted mutation were surprisingly detected in our target gene. Furthermore, the detection of Cas9 gene, BAR gene, and NOS terminator were carried out respectively. Southern blot analysis confirmed the stable transformation of Cas9 gene into soybean. Real time expression with qRT-PCR and Sanger sequencing analysis confirmed the efficient CRISPR-Cas9/sgRNA induced mutation within the target sequence of FAD2-2 loci. The integration of FAD2-2 target region in the form of substitution, deletions and insertions were achieved with notably high frequency and rare off-target mutagenesis. CONCLUSION High frequent mutation efficiency was recorded as 21% out of all transgenic soybean plants subjected to targeted mutagenesis. Furthermore, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) indicates the entire fatty acid profiling obtained from the mutants seeds of soybean. A considerable modulation in oleic acid content up to (65.58%) whereas the least level of linoleic acid is (16.08%) were recorded. Based on these finding CRISPR-Cas9 system can possibly sum up recent development and future challenges in producing agronomically important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor al Amin
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical, Development Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Xiumin Pu
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Tong Ma
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Yeyao Du
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Xiaoxue Bo
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Rahat Sharif
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Piwu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Plant Biotechnology Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
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Shalmani A, Jing XQ, Shi Y, Muhammad I, Zhou MR, Wei XY, Chen QQ, Li WQ, Liu WT, Chen KM. Characterization of B-BOX gene family and their expression profiles under hormonal, abiotic and metal stresses in Poaceae plants. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:27. [PMID: 30626335 PMCID: PMC6327500 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B-box (BBX) proteins play important roles in plant growth regulation and development including photomorphogenesis, photoperiodic regulation of flowering, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Results In the present study we retrieved total 131 BBX members from five Poaceae species including 36 from maize, 30 from rice, 24 from sorghum, 22 from stiff brome, and 19 from Millet. All the BBX genes were grouped into five subfamilies on the basis of their phylogenetic relationships and structural features. The expression profiles of 12 OsBBX genes in different tissues were evaluated through qRT-PCR, and we found that most rice BBX members showed high expression level in the heading stage compared to seedling and booting stages. The expression of OsBBX1, OsBBX2, OsBBX8, OsBBX19, and OsBBX24 was strongly induced by abiotic stresses such as drought, cold and salt stresses. Furthermore, the expression of OsBBX2, OsBBX7, OsBBX17, OsBBX19, and OsBBX24 genes was up-regulated under GA, SA and MeJA hormones at different time points. Similarly, the transcripts level of OsBBX1, OsBBX7, OsBBX8, OsBBX17, and OsBBX19 genes were significantly affected by heavy metals such as Fe, Ni, Cr and Cd. Conclusion Change in the expression pattern of BBX members in response to abiotic, hormone and heavy metal stresses signifies their potential roles in plant growth and development and in response to multivariate stresses. The findings suggest that BBX genes could be used as potential genetic markers for the plants, particularly in functional analysis and determining their roles under multivariate stresses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5336-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Meng-Ru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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NADPH Oxidase (Rboh) Activity is Up Regulated during Sweet Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Fruit Ripening. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8010009. [PMID: 30609654 PMCID: PMC6356770 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, NADPH oxidase (NOX) is also known as a respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh). This highly important enzyme, one of the main enzymatic sources of superoxide radicals (O2•−), is involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), which is active in the non-climacteric pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit. We used sweet pepper fruits at two ripening stages (green and red) to biochemically analyze the O2•−-generating Rboh activity and the number of isozymes during this physiological process. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, an oxidative stress marker, was also assayed as an index of lipid peroxidation. In red fruits, MDA was observed to increase 2-fold accompanied by a 5.3-fold increase in total Rboh activity. Using in-gel assays of Rboh activity, we identified a total of seven CaRboh isozymes (I–VII) which were differentially modulated during ripening. CaRboh-III and CaRboh-I were the most prominent isozymes in green and red fruits, respectively. An in vitro assay showed that CaRboh activity is inhibited in the presence of nitric oxide (NO) donors, peroxynitrite (ONOO−) and glutathione (GSH), suggesting that CaRboh can undergo S-nitrosation, Tyr-nitration, and glutathionylation, respectively. In summary, this study provides a basic biochemical characterization of CaRboh activity in pepper fruits and indicates that this O2•−-generating Rboh is involved in nitro-oxidative stress associated with sweet pepper fruit ripening.
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Muhammad I, Jing XQ, Shalmani A, Ali M, Yi S, Gan PF, Li WQ, Liu WT, Chen KM. Comparative in Silico Analysis of Ferric Reduction Oxidase (FRO) Genes Expression Patterns in Response to Abiotic Stresses, Metal and Hormone Applications. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051163. [PMID: 29757203 PMCID: PMC6099960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The ferric reduction oxidase (FRO) gene family is involved in various biological processes widely found in plants and may play an essential role in metal homeostasis, tolerance and intricate signaling networks in response to a number of abiotic stresses. Our study describes the identification, characterization and evolutionary relationships of FRO genes families. Here, total 50 FRO genes in Plantae and 15 ‘FRO like’ genes in non-Plantae were retrieved from 16 different species. The entire FRO genes have been divided into seven clades according to close similarity in biological and functional behavior. Three conserved domains were common in FRO genes while in two FROs sub genome have an extra NADPH-Ox domain, separating the function of plant FROs. OsFRO1 and OsFRO7 genes were expressed constitutively in rice plant. Real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of OsFRO1 was high in flag leaf, and OsFRO7 gene expression was maximum in leaf blade and flag leaf. Both genes showed vigorous expressions level in response to different abiotic and hormones treatments. Moreover, the expression of both genes was also substantial under heavy metal stresses. OsFRO1 gene expression was triggered following 6 h under Zn, Pb, Co and Ni treatments, whereas OsFRO7 gene expression under Fe, Pb and Ni after 12 h, Zn and Cr after 6 h, and Mn and Co after 3 h treatments. These findings suggest the possible involvement of both the genes under abiotic and metal stress and the regulation of phytohormones. Therefore, our current work may provide the foundation for further functional characterization of rice FRO genes family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Muhammad Ali
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Shi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Saini S, Kaur N, Pati PK. Reactive oxygen species dynamics in roots of salt sensitive and salt tolerant cultivars of rice. Anal Biochem 2018; 550:99-108. [PMID: 29704477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major constraints for growth and survival of plants that affects rice productivity worldwide. Hence, in the present study, roots of two contrasting salinity sensitive cultivars, IR64 (IR64, salt sensitive) and Luna Suvarna (LS, salt tolerant) were compared with regard to the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to derive clues for their differential salt stress adaptation mechanisms. In our investigation, the tolerant cultivar exhibited longer primary roots, more lateral roots, higher root number leading to increased root biomass, with respect to IR64. It was observed that LS roots maintained higher level of H2O2 in comparison to IR64. The activities of various enzymes involved in enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism (SOD, CAT, GPX, DHAR and MDHAR) were found to be greater in LS roots. Further, the higher transcript level accumulation of genes encoding ROS generating (RbohA, RbohD and RbohE) and scavenging enzymes (Fe-SOD, Chloroplastic Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT and DHAR) were noticed in the roots of tolerant cultivar, LS. Moreover, the content of other stress markers such as total protein and proline were also elevated in LS roots. While, the expression of proline biosynthesis gene (P5CS) and proline catabolism gene (PDH) was observed to be lower in LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
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Ranjan A, Jayaraman D, Grau C, Hill JH, Whitham SA, Ané J, Smith DL, Kabbage M. The pathogenic development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean requires specific host NADPH oxidases. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2018; 19:700-714. [PMID: 28378935 PMCID: PMC6638103 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs), play crucial roles in various cellular activities, including plant disease responses, and are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in soybean. Via a key virulence factor, oxalic acid, it induces programmed cell death (PCD) in the host plant, a process that is reliant on ROS generation. In this study, using protein sequence similarity searches, we identified 17 soybean RBOHs (GmRBOHs) and studied their contribution to SSR disease development, drought tolerance and nodulation. We clustered the soybean RBOH genes into six groups of orthologues based on phylogenetic analysis with their Arabidopsis counterparts. Transcript analysis of all 17 GmRBOHs revealed that, of the six identified groups, group VI (GmRBOH-VI) was specifically and drastically induced following S. sclerotiorum challenge. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of GmRBOH-VI using Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) resulted in enhanced resistance to S. sclerotiorum and markedly reduced ROS levels during disease development. Coincidently, GmRBOH-VI-silenced plants were also found to be drought tolerant, but showed a reduced capacity to form nodules. Our results indicate that the pathogenic development of S. sclerotiorum in soybean requires the active participation of specific host RBOHs, to induce ROS and cell death, thus leading to the establishment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | | | - Craig Grau
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | - John H. Hill
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA
| | - Steven A. Whitham
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA
| | - Jean‐Michel Ané
- Department of BacteriologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
- Department of AgronomyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | - Damon L. Smith
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | - Mehdi Kabbage
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
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Involvement of NADPH oxidase isoforms in the production of O2- manipulated by ABA in the senescing leaves of early-senescence-leaf (esl) mutant rice (Oryza sativa). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190161. [PMID: 29309410 PMCID: PMC5757929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the differences in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in senescing leaves were investigated by early-senescence-leaf (esl) mutant and its wild type, to clarify the relationship among ABA levels, ROS generation, and NADPH oxidase (Nox) in senescing leaves of rice (Oryza sativa). The temporal expression levels of OsNox isoforms in senescing leaves and their expression patterns in response to ABA treatment were determined through quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results showed that the flag leaf of the esl mutant generated more O2- concentrations and accumulated higher ABA levels than the wild-type cultivar did in the grain-filling stage. Exogenous ABA treatment induced O2- generation; however, it was depressed by diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) pretreatment in the detached leaf segments. This finding suggested the involvement of NADPH oxidase in ABA-induced O2- generation. The esl mutant exhibited significantly higher expression of OsNox2, OsNox5, OsNox6, and OsNox7 in the initial of grain-filling stage, followed by sharply decrease. The transcriptional levels of OsNox1, OsNox3, and OsFR07 in the flag leaf of the esl mutant were significantly lower than those in the wild-type cultivar. The expression levels of OsNox2, OsNox5, OsNox6, and OsNox7 were significantly enhanced by exogenous ABA treatments. The enhanced expression levels of OsNox2 and OsNox6 were dependent on the duration of ABA treatment. The inducible expression levels of OsNox5 and OsNox7 were dependent on ABA concentrations. By contrast, exogenous ABA treatment severely repressed the transcripts of OsNox1, OsNox3, and OsFR07 in the detached leaf segments. Therefore, OsNox2, OsNox5, OsNox6, and OsNox7 were probably involved in the ABA-induced O2- generation in the initial stage of leaf senescence. Subsequently, other oxidases activated in deteriorating cells were associated with ROS generation and accumulation in the senescing leaves of the esl mutant. Conversely, OsNox1, OsNox3, and OsFR07 were not associated with ABA-induced O2- generation during leaf senescence.
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Hu CH, Wei XY, Yuan B, Yao LB, Ma TT, Zhang PP, Wang X, Wang PQ, Liu WT, Li WQ, Meng LS, Chen KM. Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of NADPH Oxidase Family Genes in Wheat During Development and Environmental Stress Responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:906. [PMID: 30083172 PMCID: PMC6065054 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
As the key producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH oxidases (NOXs), also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), play crucial roles in various biological processes in plants with considerable evolutionary selection and functional diversity in the entire terrestrial plant kingdom. However, only limited resources are available on the phylogenesis and functions of this gene family in wheat. Here, a total of 46 NOX family genes were identified in the wheat genome, and these NOXs could be classified into three subgroups: typical TaNOXs, TaNOX-likes, and ferric reduction oxidases (TaFROs). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the typical TaNOXs might originate from TaFROs during evolution, and the TaFROs located on Chr 2 might be the most ancient forms of TaNOXs. TaNOXs are highly expressed in wheat with distinct tissue or organ-specificity and stress-inducible diversity. A large-scale expression and/or coexpression analysis demonstrated that TaNOXs can be divided into four functional groups with different expression patterns under a broad range of environmental stresses. Different TaNOXs are coexpressed with different sets of other genes, which widely participate in several important intracellular processes such as cell wall biosynthesis, defence response, and signal transduction, suggesting their vital but diversity of roles in plant growth regulation and stress responses of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of General Biology, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lin-Bo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tian-Tian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lai-Sheng Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Kun-Ming Chen ;
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Kaur G, Guruprasad K, Temple BRS, Shirvanyants DG, Dokholyan NV, Pati PK. Structural complexity and functional diversity of plant NADPH oxidases. Amino Acids 2018; 50:79-94. [PMID: 29071531 PMCID: PMC6492275 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant NADPH oxidases also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are a family of membrane-bound enzymes that play diverse roles in the defense response and morphogenetic processes via regulated generation of reactive oxygen species. Rbohs are associated with a variety of functions, although the reason for this is not clear. To evaluate using bioinformatics, the possible mechanisms for the observed functional diversity within the plant kingdom, 127 Rboh protein sequences representing 26 plant species were analyzed. Multiple clusters were identified with gene duplications that were both dicot as well as monocot-specific. The N-terminal sequences were observed to be highly variable. The conserved cysteine (equivalent of Cys890) in C-terminal of AtRbohD suggested that the redox-based modification like S-nitrosylation may regulate the activity of other Rbohs. Three-dimensional models corresponding to the N-terminal domain for Rbohs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa were constructed and molecular dynamics studies were carried out to study the role of Ca2+ in the folding of Rboh proteins. Certain mutations indicated possibly affect the structure and function of the plant NADPH oxidases, thereby providing the rationale for further experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Bioinformatics, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kunchur Guruprasad
- Bioinformatics, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | - Brenda R S Temple
- R. L. Juliano Structural Bioinformatics Core Facility, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David G Shirvanyants
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
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