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Wang X, Dai W, Zhang C. Transcription Factors AhR and ARNT Regulate the Expression of CYP6SX1 and CYP3828A1 Involved in Insecticide Detoxification in Bradysia odoriphaga. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10805-10813. [PMID: 38712504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mediate the responses of adaptive metabolism to various xenobiotics. Here, we found that BoAhR and BoARNT are highly expressed in the midgut of Bradysia odoriphaga larvae. The expression of BoAhR and BoARNT was significantly increased after exposure to imidacloprid and phoxim. The knockdown of BoAhR and BoARNT significantly decreased the expression of CYP6SX1 and CYP3828A1 as well as P450 enzyme activity and caused a significant increase in the sensitivity of larvae to imidacloprid and phoxim. Exposure to β-naphthoflavone (BNF) significantly increased the expression of BoAhR, BoARNT, CYP6SX1, and CYP3828A1 as well as P450 activity and decreased larval sensitivity to imidacloprid and phoxim. Furthermore, CYP6SX1 and CYP3828A1 were significantly induced by imidacloprid and phoxim, and the silencing of these two genes significantly reduced larval tolerance to imidacloprid and phoxim. Taken together, the BoAhR/BoARNT pathway plays key roles in larval tolerance to imidacloprid and phoxim by regulating the expression of CYP6SX1 and CYP3828A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunni Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Zhang SP, Bai B, Chen GM, Wang YQ, Hu C, Liu XF, Gao P, Li YT, Fu NX, Yang XQ. Secondary metabolites in host pears defense against two fruit borers and cytochrome-P450-mediated counter-defense. iScience 2024; 27:109518. [PMID: 38585662 PMCID: PMC10995863 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbivorous insects have evolved metabolic strategies to survive the challenges posed by plant secondary metabolites (SMs). This study reports an exploration of SMs present in pears, which serve as a defense against invasive Cydia pomonella and native Grapholita molesta and their counter-defense response. The feeding preferences of fruit borers are influenced by the softening of two pear varieties as they ripen. The content of SMs, such as quercetin and rutin, increases due to feeding by fruit borers. Notably, quercetin levels only increase after C. pomonella feeding. The consumption of SMs affects the growth of fruit borer population differently, potentially due to the activation of P450 genes by SMs. These two fruit borers are equipped with specific P450 enzymes that specialize in metabolizing quercetin and rutin, enabling them to adapt to these SMs in their host fruits. These findings provide valuable insights into the coevolution of plants and herbivorous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Pan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Bing Bai
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Gao-Man Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Ya-Qi Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Chao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xu-Fei Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Nan-Xia Fu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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Liang L, Li J, Jin L, Yan K, Pan Y, Shang Q. Identification of inducible CYP3 and CYP4 genes associated with abamectin tolerance in the fat body and Malpighian tubules of Spodoptera litura. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105751. [PMID: 38225094 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Abamectin, as a broad-spectrum bioinsecticide, has been widely used for the control of Lepidoptera insects, resulting in different levels of resistance to abamectin in Spodoptera litura. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are known for their important roles in insecticide detoxification. In this study, the expression of SlCYP6B40, SlCYP4L12 and SlCYP9A32 in the fat body, and SlCYP4S9, SlCYP6AB12, SlCYP6AB58, SlCYP9A75a and SlCYP9A75b in Malpighian tubules was found to be significantly upregulated after abamectin exposure. SlCYP6AE44 and SlCYP6AN4 were simultaneously upregulated in these two tissues after abamectin exposure. Ectopically overexpressed SlCYP6AE44, SlCYP9A32 and SlCYP4S9 in transgenic Drosophila conferred tolerance to abamectin. In addition, homology modeling and molecular docking results suggested that SlCYP6AE44, SlCYP9A32 and SlCYP4S9 may be capable of binding with abamectin. These results demonstrate that upregulation of CYP3 and CYP4 genes may contribute to abamectin detoxification in S. litura and provide information for evidence-based insecticide resistance management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liang
- International Affairs Office, Changchun University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
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Jin R, He B, Qin Y, Du Z, Cao C, Li J. Unveiling the role of bZIP transcription factors CREB and CEBP in detoxification metabolism of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126576. [PMID: 37648128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) superfamily is a crucial group of xenobiotics in insects. However, little is known about the function of CAAT enhancer binding proteins (CEBP) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in Nilaparvata lugens. In the present study, NlCEBP and NlCREB were cloned and identified. Quantitative polymerase real-time chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed the expression of NlCEBP and NlCREB was significantly induced after chemical insecticides exposure. Silencing of NlCEBP and NlCREB increased the susceptibility of N. lugens to insecticides, and the detoxification enzyme activities were also significantly decreased. In addition, comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that 174 genes were significantly co-down-regulated after interfering with the two transcription factors. GO analysis showed that co-down-regulated genes are mostly related to energy transport and metabolic functions indicating the potential regulatory role of NlCEBP and NlCREB in detoxification metabolism. Our research shed lights on the functional roles of transcription factors NlCEBP and NlCREB in the detoxification metabolism of N. lugens, providing a theoretical basis for pest management and comprehensive control of this pest and increasing our understanding of insect toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoheng Jin
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, PR China; Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Biyan He
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Tongling Municipal Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Tongling 244002, PR China
| | - Yao Qin
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zuyi Du
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Chunxia Cao
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, PR China.
| | - Jianhong Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Yang X, Hafeez M, Chen HY, Li WT, Ren RJ, Luo YS, Abdellah YAY, Wang RL. DIMBOA-induced gene expression, activity profiles of detoxification enzymes, multi-resistance mechanisms, and increased resistance to indoxacarb in tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115669. [PMID: 37944464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most destructive insect pests owned strong resistance to different insecticides. Indoxacarb as a novel oxadiazine insecticide becomes the main pesticide against S. litura. DIMBOA [2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2 H-1,4-benz-oxazin-3(4 H)-one] is involved in important chemical defense processes in corn plants. However, the insects' adaptation mechanism to insecticides when exposed to defensive allelochemicals in their host plants remains unclear. Here, we assessed multi-resistance, and resistance mechanisms based on S. litura life history traits. After 18 generations of selection, indoxacarb resistance was increased by 61.95-fold (Ind-Sel) and 86.06-fold (Dim-Sel) as compared to the Lab-Sus. Also, DIMBOA-pretreated larvae developed high resistance to beta-cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, phoxim, chlorantraniliprole, and emamectin benzoate. Meanwhile, indoxacarb (LC50) was applied to detect its impact on thirty-eight detoxification-related genes expression. The transcripts of SlituCOE073, SlituCOE009, SlituCOE074, and SlituCOE111 as well as SlGSTs5, SlGSTu1, and SlGSTe13 were considerably raised in the Ind-Sel strain. Among the twenty-three P450s, CYP6AE68, CYP321B1, CYP6B50, CYP9A39, CYP4L10, and CYP4S9v1 transcripts denoted significantly higher levels in the Ind-Sel strain, suggesting that CarEs, GSTs and P450s genes may be engaged in indoxacarb resistance. These outcomes further highlighted the importance of detoxification enzymes for S. litura gene expression and their role in responses to insecticides and pest management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
| | - Hong-Yu Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wan-Ting Li
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rong-Jie Ren
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu-Sen Luo
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yousif Abdelrahman Yousif Abdellah
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Rui-Long Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan 517000, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Wu P, Zheng J, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Qiu L. Effects of different insecticides on transcripts of key genes in CncC pathway and detoxification genes in Helicoverpa armigera. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 195:105541. [PMID: 37666612 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The CncC pathway regulates the expression of multiple detoxification genes and contributes to the detoxification and antioxidation in insects. Many studies have focused on the impacts of plant allelochemicals on the CncC pathway, whereas studies on the effects of pesticides on key genes involved in this pathway are very limited. In this study, the effects of different types of commonly used insecticides on the transcripts of CncC, Keap1, and Maf and multiple detoxification genes of Helicoverpa armigera were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that 8 insecticides (bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinosad, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr, tolfenpyrad, and thiacloprid) significantly induced the expression of CncC and 4 insecticides (cypermethrin, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, and indoxacarb) suppressed the expression of Keap1 both at 24 h and 48 h; meanwhile, the expression levels of Maf were induced by 5 insecticides (fenvalerate, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, lufenuron, and tolfenpyrad) at 24 h or 48 h. Multiple detoxification genes, especially cytochrome P450s genes, showed different up-regulation after bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, indoxacarb, and spinosad treatment for 48 h. Our results suggest that the CncC pathway and detoxification genes can be activated by different insecticides in H. armigera. These results establish a foundation for further studies on the relationship between the CncC pathway and the detoxification genes in H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhuo Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junyue Zheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Zhang Z, Wang D, Shan Y, Chen J, Hu H, Song X, Ma X, Ren X, Ma Y. Knockdown of CYP9A9 increases the susceptibility to lufenuron, methoxyfenozide and a mixture of both in Spodoptera exigua. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 32:263-276. [PMID: 36582185 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lufenuron (LUF) and Methoxyfenozide (MET) as Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) contribute to the current control of the catastrophic crop pest, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Yet S. exigua has evolved resistance to LUF and MET, which is possibly mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), particularly from the CYP3 clade family, as it plays a key role in the detoxification of insecticides. However, a mixture of LUF and MET (MML) (optimal ratio: 6:4) remains highly insecticidal. Here, we analysed the response of S. exigua to sublethal concentrations of LUF, MET, and MML via transcriptomics. Twelve differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding CYP3 clade members were observed in transcriptomes and CYP9A9 was significantly upregulated after treatment with LUF, MET, and MML. Further, CYP9A9 was most highly expressed in the midgut of L4 S. exigua larvae. RNAi-mediated knockdown of CYP9A9 reduced the activity of CYP450 and increased the susceptibility of S. exigua larvae to LUF, MET, and MML. Thus, CYP9A9 plays a key role in the detoxification of LUF, MET, and MML in S. exigua. These findings provide new insights into insecticidal actions of IGRs, which can be applied to the establishment of novel pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yongpan Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Hongyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xianpeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Xiangliang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
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8
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He L, Shi Y, Ding W, Huang H, He H, Xue J, Gao Q, Zhang Z, Li Y, Qiu L. Cytochrome P450s genes CYP321A9 and CYP9A58 contribute to host plant adaptation in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1783-1790. [PMID: 36627818 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most destructive agricultural pests, which can complete their entire life cycle on various plants. At present, some detoxification genes have been proved to be involved in the adaptability to plants in insects. However, the genetics behind insect pest responses to host switches, and their ability to adapt to new host plants, remain poorly understood. This study was conducted to evaluate the adaptation of S. frugiperda to host plant and determine the roles of CYP321A9 and CYP9A58 in the detoxification metabolism of the fall armyworm. RESULTS The results revealed that feeding on maize was more suitable for S. frugiperda to develop compared with rice. In addition, knocking down of SfCYP321A9 and SfCYP9A58 resulted in a prolonged developmental time of S. frugiperda larvae that fed on rice. Meanwhile, RNAi knockdown of SfCYP321A9 resulted in significantly higher mortality of S. frugiperda larvae when exposed to the rice allelochemicals, ferulic acid, gramine and tricin. Furthermore, overexpression of SfCYP321A9 significantly reduced mortality in Drosophila melanogaster when exposed to gramine and tricin. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that CYP321A9 and CYP9A58 genes play a key role in host plant adaptation in S. frugiperda, which contribute to a greater understanding of the molecular basis of host plant adaptation and provide the means to develop effective management tools for S. frugiperda resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbing Ding
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Biopesticide and Formulation Processing, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Hunan Institute of Plant Protection, Changsha, China
| | - Hualiang He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Xue
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiao Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youzhi Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Zhang C, Wang X, Tai S, Qi L, Yu X, Dai W. Transcription factor CncC potentially regulates cytochrome P450 CYP321A1-mediated flavone tolerance in Helicoverpa armigera. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:105360. [PMID: 36963951 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Insect P450s play crucial roles in metabolizing insecticides and toxic plant allelochemicals. In this study, our results demonstrate that Helicoverpa armigera can adapt to a lower concentration of flavone (a flavonoid phytochemical), and P450 activities and CYP321A1 transcript levels significantly increase after exposure to flavone. RNAi-mediated knockdown of CYP321A1 significantly reduced the tolerance of H. armigera larvae to flavone. In addition, the regulatory mechanisms driving CYP321A1 induction following exposure to flavone were investigated. Flavone exposure significantly increased H2O2 generation in the larval midgut. The mRNA levels of HaCncC and HaMaf-s significantly increased in the midgut of H. armigera after exposure to flavone. Knockdown of HaCncC significantly inhibited expression of flavone-induced CYP321A1 and resulted in a decrease in flavone induction of CYP321A1. HaCncC knockdown significantly reduced the tolerance of H. armigera larvae to flavone. Taken together, these results indicate that HaCncC regulates expression of the CYP321A1 gene responsible for flavone tolerance in H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xinxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shulei Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Li PR, Shi Y, Ju D, Liu YX, Wang W, He YS, Zhang YY, Yang XQ. Metabolic functional redundancy of the CYP9A subfamily members leads to P450-mediated lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Cydia pomonella. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1452-1466. [PMID: 36519662 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolution of insect resistance to pesticides poses a continuing threat to sustainable pest management. While much is known about the molecular mechanisms that confer resistance in model insects and few agricultural pests, far less is known about fruit pests. Field-evolved resistance to synthetic insecticides such as lambda-cyhalothrin has been widely documented in Cydia pomonella, a major invasive pest of pome fruit worldwide, and the increased production of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) has been linked to resistance in field-evolved resistant populations. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of P450-mediated insecticide resistance remain largely unknown. RESULTS Here we found that functional redundancy and preference of metabolism by P450s genes in the CYP9A subfamily confer resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in Cydia pomonella. A total of four CYP9A genes, including CYP9A61, CYP9A120, CYP9A121, and CYP9A122, were identified from Cydia pomonella. Among these, CYP9A120, CYP9A121, and CYP9A122 were predominantly expressed in the midgut of larvae. The expression levels of these P450 genes were significantly induced by a lethal dose that would kill 10% (LD10 ) of lambda-cyhalothrin and were overexpressed in a field-evolved lambda-cyhalothrin resistant population. Knockdown of CYP9A120 and CYP9A121 by RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) increased the susceptibility of larvae to lambda-cyhalothrin. In vitro assays demonstrated that recombinant P450s expressed in Sf9 cells can metabolize lambda-cyhalothrin, but with functional redundancy and divergence through regioselectivity of metabolism. CYP9A121 preferred to convert lambda-cyhalothrin to 2'-hydroxy-lambda-cyhalothrin, whereas CYP9A122 only generated 4'-hydroxy metabolite of lambda-cyhalothrin. Although possesses a relatively low metabolic capability, CYP9A120 balanced catalytic competence to generate both 2'- and 4'-metabolites. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results reveal that metabolic functional redundancy of three members of the CYP9A subfamily leads to P450-mediated lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Cydia pomonella, thus representing a potential adaptive evolutionary strategy during its worldwide expansion. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Rong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity and College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Ju
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Xi Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying-Shi He
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity and College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity and College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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11
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Siddiqui JA, Fan R, Naz H, Bamisile BS, Hafeez M, Ghani MI, Wei Y, Xu Y, Chen X. Insights into insecticide-resistance mechanisms in invasive species: Challenges and control strategies. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1112278. [PMID: 36699674 PMCID: PMC9868318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Threatening the global community is a wide variety of potential threats, most notably invasive pest species. Invasive pest species are non-native organisms that humans have either accidentally or intentionally spread to new regions. One of the most effective and first lines of control strategies for controlling pests is the application of insecticides. These toxic chemicals are employed to get rid of pests, but they pose great risks to people, animals, and plants. Pesticides are heavily used in managing invasive pests in the current era. Due to the overuse of synthetic chemicals, numerous invasive species have already developed resistance. The resistance development is the main reason for the failure to manage the invasive species. Developing pesticide resistance management techniques necessitates a thorough understanding of the mechanisms through which insects acquire insecticide resistance. Insects use a variety of behavioral, biochemical, physiological, genetic, and metabolic methods to deal with toxic chemicals, which can lead to resistance through continuous overexpression of detoxifying enzymes. An overabundance of enzymes causes metabolic resistance, detoxifying pesticides and rendering them ineffective against pests. A key factor in the development of metabolic resistance is the amplification of certain metabolic enzymes, specifically esterases, Glutathione S-transferase, Cytochromes p450 monooxygenase, and hydrolyses. Additionally, insect guts offer unique habitats for microbial colonization, and gut bacteria may serve their hosts a variety of useful services. Most importantly, the detoxification of insecticides leads to resistance development. The complete knowledge of invasive pest species and their mechanisms of resistance development could be very helpful in coping with the challenges and effectively developing effective strategies for the control of invasive species. Integrated Pest Management is particularly effective at lowering the risk of chemical and environmental contaminants and the resulting health issues, and it may also offer the most effective ways to control insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ali Siddiqui
- College of Agriculture, College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, China
| | - Ruidong Fan
- College of Agriculture, College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, China
| | - Hira Naz
- Research and Development Centre for Fine Chemicals, National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bamisope Steve Bamisile
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Imran Ghani
- College of Agriculture, College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiming Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Lab, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyulong Chen
- College of Agriculture, College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, China
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
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12
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Shi L, Li WL, Zeng HX, Shi Y, Liao XL. Systematic identification and functional analysis of long noncoding RNAs involved in indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:1721-1736. [PMID: 35150054 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides long. They play essential roles in regulating a variety of biological processes in many species, including insects, and some lncRNAs have been found to be associated with insecticide resistance. However, the characteristics and biological functions of lncRNAs involved in indoxacarb resistance are unknown in Spodoptera litura. We performed RNA sequencing in the SS, InRS, and FInRS of S. litura and identified 11 978 lncRNAs, including 3 136 intergenic lncRNAs, 7 393 intronic lncRNAs, and 1 449 anti-sense lncRNAs. Compared with the SS, 51 lncRNAs were upregulated and 134 lncRNAs were downregulated in the two resistant strains, and 908 differentially expressed mRNAs were predicted as the target genes of the 185 differentially expressed lncRNAs. Further analysis showed that 112 of differentially expressed lncRNAs may be associated with indoxacarb resistance by regulating the expression of 14 P450s, seven CCEs, one GST, six UGTs, five ABC transporters, and 24 cuticle protein genes, and 79 of differentially expressed lncRNAs may regulate the expression of 14 detoxification genes and 19 cuticle protein genes to participate in indoxacarb resistance by sponging 10 microRNAs. Interestingly, 47 of differentially expressed lncRNAs may mediate indoxacarb resistance through both lncRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory pathways. Furthermore, quantitative PCR, RNA interference, and indoxacarb bioassay analyses indicated that overexpressed LNC_004867 and LNC_006576 were involved in indoxacarb resistance. This study provides comprehensive information for lncRNAs of S. litura, and presents evidence that lncRNAs have key roles in conferring insecticide resistance in S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Lin Li
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Xin Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Liao
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
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13
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Zhang X, Shi Z, Yang CQ, Li J, Liu J, Zhang AB. Gut transcriptome analysis of P450 genes and cytochrome P450 reductase in three moth species feeding on gymnosperms or angiosperms. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.948043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s, CYPs) are a superfamily of heme–thiolate proteins involved in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances in insects. In this study, the identification of putative P450 proteins was done and the elimination of the repeated sequences resulted in 57 proteins from Gastropacha populifolia, 63 proteins from Dendrolimus punctatus, and 53 proteins from Dendrolimus tabulaeformis. The putative P450 proteins were aligned together with seven other insect species based on five conserved domains. A total of ten co-orthologous groups were identified. Interestingly, one co-orthologous gene, CYP4g15 in CYP4 clan, was identified and its 3D structure analysis showed that the highly conserved sites of the predicted motifs were close to the active sites of P450. Furthermore, this study revealed that insect CYP4g15 and two bacteria cytochrome P450 were monophyletic. This suggests that insects CYP4g15 are not only functionally conserved but also an ancient gene originating from different bacteria species.
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14
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Zhao P, Xue H, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Li D, Ji J, Niu L, Gao X, Luo J, Cui J. Knockdown of cytochrome P450 gene CYP6AB12 based on nanomaterial technology reduces the detoxification ability of Spodoptera litura to gossypol. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105284. [PMID: 36464384 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In insects, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s or CYPs) play an important role in the detoxification and metabolism of exogenous plant allelochemicals. In this study, a P450 gene CYP6AB12 was identified and characterized from Spodoptera litura. The cDNA contains an open reading frame (ORF) encoding 511 amino acid residues. CYP6AB12 was expressed at different ages of S. litura, with the highest levels found in the third and fourth instar larvae. Its highest expression was found in the midgut and fat body of fourth instar larvae fed with gossypol. Moreover, these expression levels were substantially increased compared with those from larvae fed with control diet. Gene silencing was then conducted by smearing dsRNA mixed with nanomaterials onto the cuticle. CYP6AB12 expression was significantly decreased in the midgut and fat body, and the net weight increase was substantially lower than that of the control group, indicating that the treatment group had more sensitivity to gossypol than the control. These results reveal that CYP6AB12 plays an important role in the detoxification and metabolism of gossypol, thus further confirming that P450s have a broad ability to detoxify and metabolize plant allelochemicals. It provides an important molecular basis for the exploration of detoxification metabolism and pest control of S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jichao Ji
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lin Niu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xueke Gao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Junyu Luo
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Jinjie Cui
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
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15
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Xu L, Li B, Liu H, Zhang H, Liu R, Yu H, Li D. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout Reveals the Involvement of CYP304F1 in β-Cypermethrin and Chlorpyrifos Resistance in Spodoptera litura. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11192-11200. [PMID: 36043880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Functions of insect CYP2 clan P450s in insecticide resistance are relatively less reported. In Spodoptera litura, a gene from the CYP2 clan (CYP304F1) was validated to be up-regulated significantly in a pyrethroid- and organophosphate-resistant population (QJ) than a susceptible population by RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR. Spatial-temporal expression indicated the high expression of CYP304F1 in the fourth, fifth, and sixth instar larvae and the metabolism-related tissue fat body and malpighian tubules. CYP304F1 was knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9, and a homozygous population (QJ-CYP304F1) with a G-base deletion at exon 2 was obtained after selection. Bioassay results showed that the LD50 values to β-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in the QJ-CYP304F1 population decreased significantly, and the resistance ratio was both 1.81-fold in the QJ population compared with that in the QJ-CYP304F1 population. The toxicity of fenvalerate, cyhalothrin, or phoxim showed no significant change. These results suggested that CYP304F1 is involved in β-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos resistance in S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Runqiang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongzhi Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation & Intelligent Pesticide Residue Sensor Detection, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
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Gao S, Liu K, Liu H, Yin S, Guo X, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Li R. Functional analysis of a cytochrome P450 gene CYP9Z6 responding to terpinen-4-ol in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 183:105065. [PMID: 35430067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tribolium castaneum is an agricultural and stored pest found throughout the world. The cytochrome P450 genes of T. castaneum can encode various detoxification enzymes and catabolize heterologous substances, conferring tolerance to insecticides. Herein, we describe the identification of a P450 gene (CYP9Z6) from T. castaneum and investigated its expression profile and potential role in the detoxification of terpinen-4-ol. TcCYP9Z6 expression was significantly induced after exposure to terpinen-4-ol, and RNA-mediated silencing of TcCYP9Z6 increased terpinen-4-ol-induced larval mortality from 47.75% to 63.92%, showing that TcCYP9Z6 is closely related to the detoxification of terpinen-4-ol. The developmental expression profile revealed that TcCYP9Z6 was mainly expressed in late adults and late larvae. Tissue expression profiling revealed that the highest TcCYP9Z6 expression occurred in the head, in both the adult and the larval tissues, followed by the gut in larvae and the antennae in adults. These developmental stages and tissues with high TcCYP9Z6 expression are closely related to the detoxification of heterologous substances. These results indicated that TcCYP9Z6 may play a pivotal role in the detoxification of terpinen-4-ol, which provides support for using TcCYP9Z6 a potential gene for the RNAi-mediated prevention and control of T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Kui Liu
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Se Yin
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Xinlong Guo
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Ruimin Li
- Department of Food and Bioengineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
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Shi Y, Li W, Zhou Y, Liao X, Shi L. Contribution of multiple overexpressed carboxylesterase genes to indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1903-1914. [PMID: 35066991 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an important family of detoxification enzymes, carboxylesterases (CarEs) have important roles in the development of insecticide resistance in almost all agricultural pests. Previous studies have suggested that enhancement of CarE activity is an important mechanism mediating indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura, and several CarE genes have been found to be overexpressed in indoxacarb-resistant strains. However, the functions of these CarE genes in indoxacarb resistance needs to be further investigated. RESULTS The synergist triphenyl phosphate effectively reduced the resistance of S. litura to indoxacarb, suggesting an involvement of CarEs in indoxacarb resistance. Among seven identified S. litura CarE genes (hereafter SlituCOE), six were overexpressed in two indoxacarb-resistant strains, but there were no significant differences in gene copy number. Knockdown of SlituCOE009 and SlituCOE050 enhanced indoxacarb sensitivity in both susceptible and resistant strains, whereas knockdown of SlituCOE090, SlituCOE093 and SlituCOE074 enhanced indoxacarb sensitivity in only the resistant strain. Knockdown of the sixth gene, SlituCOE073, did not have any effect. Furthermore, simultaneous knockdown of the five SlituCOE genes had a greater effect on increasing indoxacarb sensitivity than silencing them individually. By contrast, overexpression of the five SlituCOE genes individually in Drosophila melanogaster significantly decreased the toxicity of indoxacarb to transgenic fruit flies. Furthermore, modeling and docking analysis indicated that the catalytic pockets of SlituCOE009 and SlituCOE074 were ideally shaped for indoxacarb and N-decarbomethoxylated metabolite (DCJW), but the binding affinity for DCJW was stronger than for indoxacarb. CONCLUSION This study reveals that multiple overexpressed CarE genes are involved in indoxacarb resistance in S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Wenlin Li
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Yuliang Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolan Liao
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Li Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
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Katsavou E, Riga M, Ioannidis P, King R, Zimmer CT, Vontas J. Functionally characterized arthropod pest and pollinator cytochrome P450s associated with xenobiotic metabolism. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 181:105005. [PMID: 35082029 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 family (P450s) of arthropods includes diverse enzymes involved in endogenous essential physiological functions and in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, insecticides and plant allelochemicals. P450s can also establish insecticide selectivity in bees and pollinators. Several arthropod P450s, distributed in different phylogenetic groups, have been associated with xenobiotic metabolism, and some of them have been functionally characterized, using different in vitro and in vivo systems. The purpose of this review is to summarize scientific publications on arthropod P450s from major insect and mite agricultural pests, pollinators and Papilio sp, which have been functionally characterized and shown to metabolize xenobiotics and/or their role (direct or indirect) in pesticide toxicity or resistance has been functionally validated. The phylogenetic relationships among these P450s, the functional systems employed for their characterization and their xenobiotic catalytic properties are presented, in a systematic approach, including critical aspects and limitations. The potential of the primary P450-based metabolic pathway of target and non-target organisms for the development of highly selective insecticides and resistance-breaking formulations may help to improve the efficiency and sustainability of pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Katsavou
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Riga
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Ioannidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Rob King
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Christoph T Zimmer
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein CH4332, Switzerland
| | - John Vontas
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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19
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Amezian D, Nauen R, Le Goff G. Comparative analysis of the detoxification gene inventory of four major Spodoptera pest species in response to xenobiotics. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 138:103646. [PMID: 34469782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) comprises some of the most polyphagous and destructive agricultural pests worldwide. The success of many species of this genus is due to their striking abilities to adapt to a broad range of host plants. Superfamilies of detoxification genes play a crucial role in the adaption to overcome plant defense mechanisms mediated by numerous secondary metabolites and toxins. Over the past decade, a substantial amount of expression data in Spodoptera larvae was produced for those genes in response to xenobiotics such as plant secondary metabolites, but also insecticide exposure. However, this information is scattered throughout the literature and in most cases does not allow to clearly identify candidate genes involved in host-plant adaptation and insecticide resistance. In the present review, we analyzed and compiled information on close to 600 pairs of inducers (xenobiotics) and induced genes from four main Spodoptera species: S. exigua, S. frugiperda, S. littoralis and S. litura. The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s; encoded by CYP genes) were the most upregulated detoxification genes across the literature for all four species. Most of the data was provided from studies on S. litura, followed by S. exigua, S. frugiperda and S. littoralis. We examined whether these detoxification genes were reported for larval survival under xenobiotic challenge in forward and reverse genetic studies. We further analyzed whether biochemical assays were carried out showing the ability of corresponding enzymes and transporters to breakdown and excrete xenobiotics, respectively. This revealed a clear disparity between species and the lack of genetic and biochemical information in S. frugiperda. Finally, we discussed the biological importance of detoxification genes for this genus and propose a workflow to study the involvement of these enzymes in an ecological and agricultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Amezian
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D, Alfred Nobel-Strasse 50, 40789, Monheim, Germany.
| | - Gaëlle Le Goff
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, F-06903, Sophia Antipolis, France.
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20
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Hou WT, Staehelin C, Elzaki MEA, Hafeez M, Luo YS, Wang RL. Functional analysis of CYP6AE68, a cytochrome P450 gene associated with indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 178:104946. [PMID: 34446184 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) is a widely distributed, highly polyphagous pest that can cause severe damage to a variety of economically important crops. Various populations have developed resistance to different classes of insecticides. In this study, we report on two indoxacarb-resistant S. litura populations, namely Ind-R (resistance ratio = 18.37-fold) derived from an indoxacarb-susceptible (Ind-S) population and a population caught from a field (resistance ratio = 46.72-fold). A synergist experiment showed that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with indoxacarb produced higher synergistic effects (synergist ratio = 5.29) in the Ind-R population as compared to Ind-S (synergist ratio = 3.08). Elevated enzyme activity of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) was observed for Ind-R (2.15-fold) and the Field-caught population (4.03-fold) as compared to Ind-S, while only minor differences were noticed in the activities of esterases and glutathione S-transferases. Furthermore, expression levels of P450 genes of S. litura were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR to explore differences among the three populations. The results showed that the mRNA levels of CYP6AE68, a novel P450 gene belonging to the CYP6 family, were constitutively overexpressed in Ind-R (32.79-fold) and in the Field-caught population (68.11-fold). CYP6AE68 expression in S. litura was further analyzed for different developmental stages and in different tissues. Finally, we report that RNA interference-mediated silencing of CYP6AE68 increased the mortality of fourth-instar larvae exposed to indoxacarb at the LC50 dose level (increase by 33.89%, 29.44% and 22.78% for Ind-S, Ind-R and the Field-caught population, respectively). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that expression levels of CYP6AE68 in S. litura larvae are associated with indoxacarb resistance and that CYP6AE68 may play a significant role in detoxification of indoxacarb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Christian Staehelin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, East Campus, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yu-Sen Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rui-Long Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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21
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Shi L, Shi Y, Liu MF, Zhang Y, Liao XL. Transcription factor CncC potentially regulates the expression of multiple detoxification genes that mediate indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1426-1438. [PMID: 32750195 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The xenobiotic transcription factor cap 'n' collar isoform C (CncC) is considered the central regulator of antioxidant and detoxification genes. Previous research indicated that CncC regulates three-phase enzymes responsible for insecticide resistance. In this study, the SlituCncC gene from Spodoptera litura was obtained and characterized. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis showed that SlituCncC was expressed in all developmental stages and tissues, but was highly expressed in 3rd- and 4th-instar larvae, and in the Malpighian tubule, fat body, and midgut. In addition, SlituCncC was up-regulated and more highly induced with indoxacarb treatment in the indoxacarb-resistant strains compared with the susceptible strain. RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of SlituCncC significantly increased mortality of S. litura when exposed to indoxacarb. Furthermore, comparative transcriptome analysis showed that 842 genes were down-regulated and 127 genes were up-regulated in SlituCncC knockdown S. litura. Further analysis indicated that 18 three-phase enzymes were identified in the down-regulated genes, of which seven were associated with indoxacarb resistance in S. litura. qPCR analysis confirmed that expression of six of these seven genes was consistent with RNA sequencing data. All six detoxification genes were induced by indoxacarb, and the expression patterns were similar to that of SlituCncC. Finally, the CncC-Maf binding site was predicted in all six gene promoters. This study indicates that the transcription factor SlituCncC may regulate multiple detoxification genes that mediate indoxacarb resistance in S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Meng-Fei Liu
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Liao
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha, China
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22
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Wang Y, Tian J, Han Q, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Genomic organization and expression pattern of cytochrome P450 genes in the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109118. [PMID: 34182095 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As one of the dominant natural enemies for insect pests, the pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, plays important roles in pest control. Insecticide applications threaten P. pseudoannulata and consequently weaken its control effects. The roles of P450 monooxygenases in insecticide detoxifications have been richly reported in insects, but there are few reported in spiders. In this study, 120 transcripts encoding P. pseudoannulata P450s were identified based on whole genome sequencing. Compared to P450s of Aedes aegypti and Nilaparvata lugens, several novel P450 families were found, such as CYP3310. KEGG analysis of the CYP3310 family indicated that the family might be involved in the synthesis and metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and hydrocarbons. The potential P450s involved in insecticide metabolism were obtained according to the high FPKM values in fat bodies based on transcriptome sequencing. However, none of the selected P450 genes was significantly upregulated by the treatments of deltamethrin or imidacloprid. The present study provides genomic and transcriptomic information of spider P450s, especially for their roles in the synthesis and metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, hydrocarbons and insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiahua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qianqian Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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23
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Roohigohar S, Clarke AR, Prentis PJ. Gene selection for studying frugivore-plant interactions: a review and an example using Queensland fruit fly in tomato. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11762. [PMID: 34434644 PMCID: PMC8359797 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit production is negatively affected by a wide range of frugivorous insects, among them tephritid fruit flies are one of the most important. As a replacement for pesticide-based controls, enhancing natural fruit resistance through biotechnology approaches is a poorly researched but promising alternative. The use of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is an approach to studying gene expression which has been widely used in studying plant resistance to pathogens and non-frugivorous insect herbivores, and offers a starting point for fruit fly studies. In this paper, we develop a gene selection pipe-line for known induced-defense genes in tomato fruit, Solanum lycopersicum, and putative detoxification genes in Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, as a basis for future RT-qPCR research. The pipeline started with a literature review on plant/herbivore and plant/pathogen molecular interactions. With respect to the fly, this was then followed by the identification of gene families known to be associated with insect resistance to toxins, and then individual genes through reference to annotated B. tryoni transcriptomes and gene identity matching with related species. In contrast for tomato, a much better studied species, individual defense genes could be identified directly through literature research. For B. tryoni, gene selection was then further refined through gene expression studies. Ultimately 28 putative detoxification genes from cytochrome P450 (P450), carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GST), and ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC) gene families were identified for B. tryoni, and 15 induced defense genes from receptor-like kinase (RLK), D-mannose/L-galactose, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), lipoxygenase (LOX), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathways and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), proteinase inhibitors (PI) and resistance (R) gene families were identified from tomato fruit. The developed gene selection process for B. tryoni can be applied to other herbivorous and frugivorous insect pests so long as the minimum necessary genomic information, an annotated transcriptome, is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Roohigohar
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anthony R Clarke
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter J Prentis
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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24
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Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060544. [PMID: 34208014 PMCID: PMC8230579 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) includes species that are among the most important crop pests in the world. These polyphagous species are able to feed on many plants, including corn, rice and cotton. In addition to their ability to adapt to toxic compounds produced by plants, they have developed resistance to the chemical insecticides used for their control. One of the main mechanisms developed by insects to become resistant involves detoxification enzymes. In this review, we illustrate some examples of the role of major families of detoxification enzymes such as cytochromes P450, carboxyl/cholinesterases, glutathione S-transferases (GST) and transporters such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in insecticide resistance. We compare available data for four species, Spodoptera exigua, S. frugiperda, S. littoralis and S. litura. Molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of these genes in resistance will be described, including the duplication of the CYP9A cluster, over-expression of GST epsilon or point mutations in acetylcholinesterase and ABCC2. This review is not intended to be exhaustive but to highlight the key roles of certain genes.
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25
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Aguirre-Rojas LM, Scully ED, Trick HN, Zhu KY, Smith CM. Comparative analyses of transcriptional responses of Dectes texanus LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) larvae fed on three different host plants and artificial diet. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11448. [PMID: 34075134 PMCID: PMC8169664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dectes texanus is an important coleopteran pest of soybeans and cultivated sunflowers in the Midwestern United States that causes yield losses by girdling stems of their host plants. Although sunflower and giant ragweed are primary hosts of D. texanus, they began colonizing soybeans approximately 50 years ago and no reliable management method has been established to prevent or reduce losses by this pest. To identify genes putatively involved when feeding soybean, we compared gene expression of D. texanus third-instar larvae fed soybean to those fed sunflower, giant ragweed, or artificial diet. Dectes texanus larvae differentially expressed 514 unigenes when fed on soybean compared to those fed the other diet treatments. Enrichment analyses of gene ontology terms from up-regulated unigenes in soybean-fed larvae compared to those fed both primary hosts highlighted unigenes involved in oxidoreductase and polygalacturonase activities. Cytochrome P450s, carboxylesterases, major facilitator superfamily transporters, lipocalins, apolipoproteins, glycoside hydrolases 1 and 28, and lytic monooxygenases were among the most commonly up-regulated unigenes in soybean-fed larvae compared to those fed their primary hosts. These results suggest that D. texanus larvae differentially expressed unigenes involved in biotransformation of allelochemicals, digestion of plant cell walls and transport of small solutes and lipids when feeding in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M Aguirre-Rojas
- Deparment of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92506, USA
| | - Erin D Scully
- Stored Product Insect and Engineering Research Unit, USDA-ARS-CGAHR, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Harold N Trick
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - C Michael Smith
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
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26
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Shi L, Li W, Dong Y, Shi Y, Zhou Y, Liao X. NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase potentially involved in indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 173:104775. [PMID: 33771254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) plays a central role in the metabolism of insecticides. Numerous studies have shown that CPR is associated with insecticide resistance in insect. In this study, two transcripts of Spodoptera litura CPR (SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2) were identified and cloned, and the deduced protein of SlCPR-X1 contains all the conserved CPR structural features (N-terminal membrane anchor, FMN, FAD and NADP binding domains, FAD binding motif, and catalytic residues). However, no N-terminal member anchor and a shorter FMN binding region have been identified in the deduced protein of SlCPR-X2. The specific expression patterns showed that SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were detected in all tested developmental stages and tissues, but highly expressed in third-, fourth-, and fifth-instar larvae, and in midgut and fat body. In addition, compared with the susceptible strain, SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were up-regulated and more inducible when treated with indoxacarb in the indoxacarb-resistant strain. However, the relative expression, up-regulation and induction of SlCPR-X1 were all higher than those of SlCPR-X2 in the indoxacarb-resistant strain. Furthermore, RNA interference and baculovirus expression system combined with MTT cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that only SlCPR-X1 with the N-terminal membrane anchor as the major CPR potentially involved in S. litura indoxacarb resistance. The outcome of this study further expands our understanding of the important role of insect CPR in xenobiotics detoxification and resistance development, and CPR could be a potential target for insecticide resistance management mediated by RNAi or CRISPR/Cas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Wenlin Li
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yating Dong
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuliang Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaolan Liao
- Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China.
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27
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Vandenhole M, Dermauw W, Van Leeuwen T. Short term transcriptional responses of P450s to phytochemicals in insects and mites. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 43:117-127. [PMID: 33373700 PMCID: PMC8082277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) play a key role in the detoxification of phytochemicals in arthropod herbivores. We present here an overview of recent progress in understanding the breadth and specificity of gene expression plasticity of P450s in response to phytochemicals. We discuss experimental setups and new findings in mechanisms of P450 regulation. Whole genome transcriptomic analysis of arthropod herbivores, either after direct administration of phytochemicals or after host plant shifts, allowed to integrate various levels of chemical complexity and lead to the unbiased identification of responsive P450 genes. However, despite progress in identification of inducible P450s, the link between induction and metabolism is still largely unexplored, and to what extent the overall response is biologically functional should be further investigated. In the near future, such studies will be more straightforward as forward and reverse genetic tools become more readily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilou Vandenhole
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Iinks 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Iinks 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Iinks 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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28
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Liu J, Hua J, Qu B, Guo X, Wang Y, Shao M, Luo S. Insecticidal Terpenes From the Essential Oils of Artemisia nakaii and Their Inhibitory Effects on Acetylcholinesterase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:720816. [PMID: 34456959 PMCID: PMC8397410 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.720816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are often the source of insecticidal substances of high efficiency and low toxicity. From gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, column chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra analyses, twenty terpenes were identified from the EOs of Artemisia nakaii. These comprised mostly monoterpenes (49.01%) and sesquiterpenes (50.76%). The terpenes at the highest concentrations in the EOs of A. nakaii were feropodin (200.46 ± 1.42 μg/ml), (+)-camphor (154.93 ± 9.72 μg/ml), β-selinene (57.73 ± 2.48 μg/ml), and 1,8-cineole (17.99 ± 1.06 μg/ml), calculated using area normalization and external standards. The EOs were tested for biological activity and showed strong fumigant toxicity and significant antifeedant activity against the larvae of Spodoptera litura. Furthermore, the monoterpenes 1,8-cineole and (+)-camphor displayed significant fumigant activity against S. litura, with LC50 values of 7.00 ± 0.85 and 18.16 ± 2.31 μl/L, respectively. Antifeedant activity of the sesquiterpenes feropodin and β-selinene was obvious, with EC50 values of 12.23 ± 2.60 and 10.46 ± 0.27 μg/cm2, respectively. The EOs and β-selinene were also found to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, with IC50 values of 37.75 ± 3.59 and 6.88 ± 0.48 μg/ml, respectively. These results suggest that monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes from the EOs of A. nakaii could potentially be applied as a botanical pesticides in the control of S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Hua
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Qu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuanyue Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meini Shao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Meini Shao,
| | - Shihong Luo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, Shenyang, China
- Shihong Luo, , orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-3466
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Xu L, Mei Y, Liu R, Chen X, Li D, Wang C. Transcriptome analysis of Spodoptera litura reveals the molecular mechanism to pyrethroids resistance. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 169:104649. [PMID: 32828367 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura is a destructive agricultural pest and has evolved resistance to multiple insecticides, especially pyrethroids. At present, the resistance mechanism to pyrethroids remains unclear. Four field-collected populations, namely CZ, LF, NJ and JD, were identified to have high resistance to pyrethroids comparing to pyrethroid-susceptible population (GX), with resistant ratio ranging from 11.5- to 9123.5-fold. To characterize pyrethroid resistance mechanism, the transcriptomes between two pyrethroid-resistant (LF and NJ) and a pyrethroid-susceptible (GX) populations were compared by RNA-sequencing. Results showed that multiple differentially expressed genes were enriched in metabolism-related GO terms and KEGG pathways. 35 up-regulated metabolism-related unigenes were selected to verify by qRT-PCR and 15 unigenes, including 4 cytochrome P450s (P450s), 5 glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), 1 UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT), 4 carboxylesterases (COEs) and 1 and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC), were all up-regulated in the four pyrethroid-resistant populations. The expression levels of CYP3 and GST3, which were annotated as CYP6A13 and GSTE1, respectively, showed positive correlation with their pyrethroid resistance levels among the four pyrethroid-resistant populations. While the expression levels of CYP5, CYP12, COE4 and ABC5 showed good correlation with their pyrethroid resistance levels in at least three populations. UGT5 had the highest expression level among the tested UGT genes in the four pyrethroid-resistant populations. RNAi mediated silencing of CYP6 increased the cumulative mortality treated by beta cypermethrin and cyhalothrin significantly, while silencing of GST3 increased the cumulative mortality treated by fenvalerate significantly. CYP3, CYP5, CYP6, CYP12, GST3, COE4, UGT5 and ABC5 play important roles in pyrethroid resistance among the four pyrethroid-resistant populations. Our work provides a valuable clue for further study of pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Institute of Biomass Energy, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Runqiang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiling Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongzhi Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Gao S, Zhang K, Wei L, Wei G, Xiong W, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Gao A, Li B. Insecticidal Activity of Artemisia vulgaris Essential Oil and Transcriptome Analysis of Tribolium castaneum in Response to Oil Exposure. Front Genet 2020; 11:589. [PMID: 32670352 PMCID: PMC7330086 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) is one of the most destructive pests of stored cereals worldwide. The essential oil (EO) of Artemisia vulgaris (mugwort) is known to be a strong toxicant that inhibits the growth, development, and reproduction of T. castaneum. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of A. vulgaris EO on T. castaneum remain unclear. Here, two detoxifying enzymes, carboxylesterase (CarEs) and cytochrome oxidase P450 (CYPs), were dramatically increased in red flour beetle larvae when they were exposed to A. vulgaris EO. Further, 758 genes were differentially expressed between EO treated and control samples. Based on Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched for terms related to the regulation of biological processes, response to stimulus, and antigen processing and presentation. Our results indicated that A. vulgaris EO disturbed the antioxidant activity in larvae and partially inhibited serine protease (SP), cathepsin (CAT), and lipase signaling pathways, thus disrupting larval development and reproduction as well as down-regulating the stress response. Moreover, these DEGs showed that A. vulgaris indirectly affected the development and reproduction of beetles by inducing the expression of genes encoding copper-zinc-superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), heme peroxidase (HPX), antioxidant enzymes, and transcription factors. Moreover, the majority of DEGs were mapped to the drug metabolism pathway in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Notably, the following genes were detected: 6 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 5 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 14 CYPs, 3 esterases (ESTs), 5 glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), 6 UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), and 2 multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs), of which 8 CYPs, 2 ESTs, 2 GSTs, and 3 UGTs were up-regulated dramatically after exposure to A. vulgaris EO. The residual DEGs were significantly down-regulated in EO exposed larvae, implying that partial compensation of metabolism detoxification existed in treated beetles. Furthermore, A. vulgaris EO induced overexpression of OBP/CYP, and RNAi against these genes significantly increased mortality of larvae exposed to EO, providing further evidence for the involvement of OBP/CYP in EO metabolic detoxification in T. castaneum. Our results provide an overview of the transcriptomic changes in T. castaneum in response to A. vulgaris EO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Luting Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanyun Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoyao Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Aoxiang Gao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Cui G, Sun R, Veeran S, Shu B, Yuan H, Zhong G. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of harmine on Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells to reveal the potential resistance mechanism. J Proteomics 2020; 211:103573. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hafeez M, Qasim M, Ali S, Yousaf HK, Waqas M, Ali E, Ahmad MA, Jan S, Bashir MA, Noman A, Wang M, Gharmh HA, Khan KA. Expression and functional analysis of P450 gene induced tolerance/resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in quercetin fed larvae of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:77-87. [PMID: 31889821 PMCID: PMC6933212 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) is an agronomical important and most devastating polyphagous pest that damages a variety of crops around the globe including China. Quercetin is one of the abundant dietary flavonoids and the important defense allelochemicals in plants. Therefore, the changes in insect detoxification enzymes activities in response to plants allelochemicals may result increased the sensitivity to insecticides. In this study, we examined the induced effect of quercetin on larval tolerance to lambda-cyhalothrin in S. exigua. Application of cytochrome P450 inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO) significantly synergized the lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity in quercetin-fed S. exigua larvae. Moreover, larval weight significantly reduced in quercetin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and quercetin + lambda-cyhalothrin treatment. Furthermore, our results showed that the P450 detoxification enzyme effectively increased in all treatments as compared to the control. Quantitative Real-time PCR analysis revealed that expression level of CYP6AE10 significantly upregulated in larvae treated with quercetin, lambda-cyhalothrin and quercetin + lambda-cyhalothrin in the midgut and fat body respectively. In addition, RNAi mediated knockdown of CYP6AE10 in S. exigua larvae significantly decreased the transcription level of target cytochrome P450 gene followed by the exposure with quercetin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and quercetin + lambda-cyhalothrin. Similarly, the knockdown of CYP6AE10 by the injection of dsRNA led to increased mortality after the treatment with respective chemicals. Overall, these data showed that P450s might possibly play an important role in the metabolic adaptation of S. exigua larvae to its host plant defense allelochemicals as well as insecticides. In conclusion, S. exigua can take benefit from its host plant's secondary metabolites to elaborate its defense against synthetic insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 24630, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Kamran Yousaf
- College of Plant Protection Department of Entomology, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Ehsan Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Afaq Ahmad
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, China
| | - Saad Jan
- Department of Agriculture Entomology Section, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 24630, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Bashir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany Government College University, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mo Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Hamed A. Gharmh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Hafeez M, Liu S, Yousaf HK, Jan S, Wang RL, Fernández-Grandon GM, Li X, Gulzar A, Ali B, Rehman M, Ali S, Fahad M, Lu Y, Wang M. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of a cytochrome P450 gene enhanced the toxicity of α-cypermethrin in xanthotoxin-fed larvae of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 162:6-14. [PMID: 31836055 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) is a highly polyphagous agricultural pest that is distributed worldwide. However, the adaptive mechanisms of S. exigua for various insecticides and defensive substances in host plants are unknown. Insect P450 monooxygenases play an important role in the detoxification of plant toxins and insecticides, leading to insecticides resistance. We investigated the induced effects of xanthotoxin exposure on detoxification enzyme activity and larval tolerance to α-cypermethrin in S. exigua. Our results showed that the lethal concentration (LC50) of α-cypermethrin for xanthotoxin-exposed larvae was 2.1-fold higher than in the control. Moreover, cytochrome P450 enzyme activity was significantly elevated by upregulation of P450 genes in treated larvae. RT-qPCR results showed that CYP9A10 expression level was significantly increased in all treatments, while maximal expression level was observed in xanthotoxin+α-cypermethrin-fed larvae. RNAi-mediated silencing of CYP9A10 further increased mortality by 18%, 26% and 35% at 48 h and by 27%, 43% and 55% at 72 h when larvae were exposed to diets containing chemicals as compared to the control. The results show that CYP9A10 might play an important role in xanthotoxin and α-cypermethrin detoxification in S. exigua. RNAi-mediated silencing could provide an effective synergistic agent for pest control or insecticide resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hafeez
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Sisi Liu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Hafiz Kamran Yousaf
- College of Plant Protection Department of Entomology, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Saad Jan
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Department of Agriculture Entomology Section, Pakistan
| | - Rui-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | | | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Asim Gulzar
- Department of Entomology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Bahar Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda, 24420 Department of Agriculture Entomology Section, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fahad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab 60000, Pakistan
| | - Yaobin Lu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Mo Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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Ullah F, Gul H, Wang X, Ding Q, Said F, Gao X, Desneux N, Song D. RNAi-Mediated Knockdown of Chitin Synthase 1 ( CHS1) Gene Causes Mortality and Decreased Longevity and Fecundity in Aphis gossypii. INSECTS 2019; 11:insects11010022. [PMID: 31888020 PMCID: PMC7023125 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chitin is a vital part of the insect exoskeleton and peritrophic membrane, synthesized by chitin synthase (CHS) enzymes. Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1) is a crucial enzyme in the final step of chitin biosynthetic pathway and consequently plays essential role towards insect growth and molting. RNA interference (RNAi) is an agent that could be used as an extremely target-specific and ecologically innocuous tactic to control different insect pests associated with economically important crops. The sole purpose of the current study is to use CHS1 as the key target gene against the cotton-melon aphid, Aphis gossypii, via oral feeding on artificial diets mixed with dsRNA-CHS1. Results revealed that the expression level of CHS1 gene significantly decreased after the oral delivery of dsRNA-CHS1. The knockdown of CHS1 gene caused up to 43%, 47%, and 59% mortality in third-instar nymph after feeding of dsCHS1 for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, as compared to the control. Consistent with this, significantly lower longevity (approximately 38%) and fecundity (approximately 48%) were also found in adult stage of cotton-melon aphids that were fed with dsCHS1 for 72 h at nymphal stage. The qRT-PCR analysis of gene expression demonstrated that the increased mortality rates and lowered longevity and fecundity of A. gossypii were attributed to the downregulation of CHS1 gene via oral-delivery-mediated RNAi. The results of current study confirm that CHS1 could be an appropriate candidate target gene for the RNAi-based control of cotton-melon aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ullah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.U.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (Q.D.); (X.G.)
| | - Hina Gul
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.U.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (Q.D.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiu Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.U.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (Q.D.); (X.G.)
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.U.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (Q.D.); (X.G.)
| | - Fazal Said
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan;
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.U.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (Q.D.); (X.G.)
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d’Azur, INRA, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France;
| | - Dunlun Song
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (F.U.); (H.G.); (X.W.); (Q.D.); (X.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Li L, Gao X, Lan M, Yuan Y, Guo Z, Tang P, Li M, Liao X, Zhu J, Li Z, Ye M, Wu G. De novo transcriptome analysis and identification of genes associated with immunity, detoxification and energy metabolism from the fat body of the tephritid gall fly, Procecidochares utilis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226039. [PMID: 31846465 PMCID: PMC6917277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The fat body, a multifunctional organ analogous to the liver and fat tissue of vertebrates, plays an important role in insect life cycles. The fat body is involved in protein storage, energy metabolism, elimination of xenobiotics, and production of immunity regulator-like proteins. However, the molecular mechanism of the fat body's physiological functions in the tephritid stem gall-forming fly, Procecidochares utilis, are still unknown. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of the fat body of P. utilis using Illumina sequencing technology. In total, 3.71 G of clean reads were obtained and assembled into 30,559 unigenes, with an average length of 539 bp. Among those unigenes, 21,439 (70.16%) were annotated based on sequence similarity to proteins in NCBI's non-redundant protein sequence database (Nr). Sequences were also compared to NCBI's non-redundant nucleotide sequence database (Nt), a manually curated and reviewed protein sequence database (SwissProt), and KEGG and gene ontology annotations were applied to better understand the functions of these unigenes. A comparative analysis was performed to identify unigenes related to detoxification, immunity and energy metabolism. Many unigenes involved in detoxification were identified, including 50 unigenes of putative cytochrome P450s (P450s), 18 of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), 35 of carboxylesterases (CarEs) and 26 of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Many unigenes related to immunity were identified, including 17 putative serpin genes, five peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) and four lysozyme genes. In addition, unigenes potentially involved in energy metabolism, including 18 lipase genes, five fatty acid synthase (FAS) genes and six elongases of very long chain fatty acid (ELOVL) genes, were identified. This transcriptome improves our genetic understanding of P. utilis and the identification of a numerous transcripts in the fat body of P. utilis offer a series of valuable molecular resources for future studies on the functions of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingxian Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zijun Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianbin Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengyue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guoxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Xiong W, Gao S, Mao J, Wei L, Xie J, Liu J, Bi J, Song X, Li B. CYP4BN6 and CYP6BQ11 mediate insecticide susceptibility and their expression is regulated by Latrophilin in Tribolium castaneum. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2744-2755. [PMID: 30788896 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many insect cytochrome P450 proteins (CYPs) are involved in the metabolic detoxification of exogenous compounds such as plant toxins and insecticides. Tribolium castaneum, the red flour beetle, is a major agricultural pest that damages stored grains and cereal products. With the completion of the sequencing of its genome, two T. castaneum species-specific CYP genes, CYP4BN6, and CYP6BQ11, were identified. However, it is unknown whether the functions of most CYPs are shared by TcCYP4BN6 and TcCYP6BQ11, and the upstream regulatory mechanism of these two CYPs remains elusive. RESULTS QRT-PCR analysis indicated that TcCYP4BN6 and TcCYP6BQ11 were both most highly expressed at the late pupal stage and were mainly observed in the head and gut, respectively, of adults. Moreover, the transcripts of these two CYPs were significantly induced by dichlorvos and carbofuran, and RNA interference (RNAi) targeting of each of them enhanced the susceptibility of beetles to these two insecticides. Intriguingly, knockdown of the latrophilin (lph) gene, which has been reported to be related to the insecticide susceptibility, reduced the expression of TcCYP4BN6 and TcCYP6BQ11 after insecticide treatment, suggesting that these two CYP genes are regulated by lph to participate in insecticide susceptibility in T. castaneum. CONCLUSION These results shed new light on the function and mechanism of CYP genes associated with insecticide susceptibility and could facilitate research on appropriate and sustainable pest control management. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Jinjuan Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luting Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingxiu Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowen Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Tobacco Cutworm ( Spodoptera Litura) Larvae Silenced in the NADPH-Cytochrome P450 Reductase Gene Show Increased Susceptibility to Phoxim. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153839. [PMID: 31390813 PMCID: PMC6696589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome P450 reductases (CPRs) function as redox partners of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s). CPRs and P450s in insects have been found to participate in insecticide resistance. However, the CPR of the moth Spodoptera litura has not been well characterized yet. Based on previously obtained transcriptome information, a full-length CPR cDNA of S. litura (SlCPR) was PCR-cloned. The deduced amino acid sequence contains domains and residues predicted to be essential for CPR function. Phylogenetic analysis with insect CPR amino acid sequences showed that SlCPR is closely related to CPRs of Lepidoptera. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine expression levels of SlCPR in different developmental stages and tissues of S. litura. SlCPR expression was strongest at the sixth-instar larvae stage and fifth-instar larvae showed highest expression in the midgut. Expression of SlCPR in the midgut and fat body was strongly upregulated when fifth-instar larvae were exposed to phoxim at LC15 (4 μg/mL) and LC50 (20 μg/mL) doses. RNA interference (RNAi) mediated silencing of SlCPR increased larval mortality by 34.6% (LC15 dose) and 53.5% (LC50 dose). Our results provide key information on the SlCPR gene and indicate that SlCPR expression levels in S. litura larvae influence their susceptibility to phoxim and possibly other insecticides.
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Liu SW, Elzaki MEA, Staehelin C, Ma ZH, Qin Z, Wang RL. Exposure to herbicides reduces larval sensitivity to insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 26:711-720. [PMID: 30239122 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides and insecticides are widely used in modern agriculture. It has been reported in various studies that application of insecticides can increase tolerance of herbivorous insects to insecticides. However, limited information exists on susceptibility to insecticides when insects are exposed to herbicides. This study was conducted to investigate the potential impact of the herbicides trifluralin and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (MCPA-Na) on the susceptibility of the nocturnal moth Spodoptera litura to the insecticides λ-cyhalothrin, phoxim and bifenthrin. We found that larvae exposed to trifluralin or MCPA-Na became significantly less susceptible to both insecticides than non-exposed control larvae. Herbicide-treated larvae did not show altered growth under the used test conditions. However, heads of herbicide-treated larvae showed increased expression of the acetylcholinesterase genes SlAce1 and SlAce2. Moreover, the fat body and midgut of herbicide-treated larvae displayed elevated expression of detoxification genes (the carboxylesterase gene SlCarE; the glutathione S-transferase genes SlGSTe2 and SlGSTe3; the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes CYP6B48, CYP9A40 and CYP321B1). The CYP6B48 gene exhibited highest inducibility. In conclusion, the data of this study suggest that exposure of S. litura larvae to herbicides may stimulate detoxification mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wei Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Christian Staehelin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, East Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ma
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Qin
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Long Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Knock-Down of Gossypol-Inducing Cytochrome P450 Genes Reduced Deltamethrin Sensitivity in Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092248. [PMID: 31067723 PMCID: PMC6539524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants employ an intricate and dynamic defense system that includes physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms to counteract the effects of herbivorous attacks. In addition to their tolerance to phytotoxins, beet armyworm has quickly developed resistance to deltamethrin; a widely used pyrethroid insecticide in cotton fields. The lethal concentration (LC50) required to kill 50% of the population of deltamethrin to gossypol-fed Spodoptera exigua larvae was 2.34-fold higher than the control group, suggesting a reduced sensitivity as a consequence of the gossypol diet. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) treatment was found to synergize with deltamethrin in gossypol-fed S. exigua larvae. To counteract these defensive plant secondary metabolites, beet armyworm elevates their production of detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s). Gossypol-fed beet armyworm larvae showed higher 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD) activities and exhibited enhanced tolerance to deltamethrin after 48 and 72 h when compared to the control. Moreover, gossypol pretreated S. exigua larvae showed faster weight gain than the control group after transferring to a deltamethrin-supplemented diet. Meanwhile, gossypol-induced P450s exhibited high divergence in the expression level of two P450 genes: CYP6AB14 and CYP9A98 in the midgut and fat bodies contributed to beet armyworm tolerance to deltamethrin. Knocking down of CYP6AB14 and CYP9A98, via double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA) in a controlled diet, rendered the larvae more sensitive to the insecticide. These data demonstrate that generalist insects can exploit secondary metabolites from host plants to enhance their defense systems against other toxic chemicals. Impairing this defense pathway by RNA interference (RNAi) holds a potential to eliminate the pest’s tolerance to insecticides and, therefore, reduce the required dosages of agrochemicals in pest control.
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Lu Q, Sun Y, Ares I, Anadón A, Martínez M, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Yuan Z, Wang X, Martínez MA. Deltamethrin toxicity: A review of oxidative stress and metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 170:260-281. [PMID: 30599291 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is widely used worldwide due to its valuable insecticidal activity against pests and parasites. Increasing evidence has shown that deltamethrin causes varying degrees of toxicity. Moreover, oxidative stress and metabolism are highly correlated with toxicity. For the first time, this review systematically summarizes the deltamethrin toxicity mechanism from the perspective of oxidative stress, including deltamethrin-mediated oxidative damage, antioxidant status, oxidative signaling pathways and modulatory effects of antagonists, synergists and placebos on oxidative stress. Further, deltamethrin metabolism, including metabolites, metabolic enzymes and pathways and deltamethrin metabolite toxicity are discussed. This review will shed new light on deltamethrin toxicity mechanisms and provide effective strategies to ensure pest control and prevention of human and animal poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yaqi Sun
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Li L, Lan M, Lu W, Li Z, Xia T, Zhu J, Ye M, Gao X, Wu G. De novo transcriptomic analysis of the alimentary tract of the tephritid gall fly, Procecidochares utilis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201679. [PMID: 30138350 PMCID: PMC6107134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tephritid gall fly, Procecidochares utilis, is an important obligate parasitic insect of the malignant weed Eupatorium adenophorum which biosynthesizes toxic secondary metabolites. Insect alimentary tracts secrete several enzymes that are used for detoxification, including cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, and carboxylesterases. To explore the adaptation of P. utilis to its toxic host plant, E. adenophorum at molecular level, we sequenced the transcriptome of the alimentary tract of P. utilis using Illumina sequencing. Sequencing and de novo assembly yielded 62,443 high-quality contigs with an average length of 604 bp that were further assembled into 45,985 unigenes with an average length of 674 bp and an N50 of 983 bp. Among the unigenes, 30,430 (66.17%) were annotated by alignment against the NCBI non-redundant protein (Nr) database, while 16,700 (36.32%), 16,267 (35.37%), and 11,530 (25.07%) were assigned functions using the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology (GO) databases, respectively. Using the comprehensive transcriptome data set, we manually identified several important gene families likely to be involved in the detoxification of toxic compounds including 21 unigenes within the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family, 22 unigenes within the cytochrome P450 (P450) family, and 16 unigenes within the carboxylesterase (CarE) family. Quantitative PCR was used to verify eight, six, and two genes of GSTs, P450s, and CarEs, respectively, in different P. utilis tissues and at different developmental stages. The detoxification enzyme genes were mainly expressed in the foregut and midgut. Moreover, the unigenes were higher expressed in the larvae, pupae, and 3-day adults, while they were expressed at lower levels in eggs. These transcriptomic data provide a valuable molecular resource for better understanding the function of the P. utilis alimentary canal. These identified genes could be pinpoints to address the molecular mechanisms of P. utilis interacting with toxic plant host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingxian Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wufeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaobo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (GW)
| | - Guoxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (GW)
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Kang ZW, Liu FH, Zhang ZF, Tian HG, Liu TX. Volatile β-Ocimene Can Regulate Developmental Performance of Peach Aphid Myzus persicae Through Activation of Defense Responses in Chinese Cabbage Brassica pekinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:708. [PMID: 29892310 PMCID: PMC5985497 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In nature, plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms against the attack of pathogens and insect herbivores. Plant volatile-mediated plant-to-plant communication has been assessed in multitrophic systems in different plant species and different pest species. β-ocimene is recognized as an herbivore-induced plant volatile that play an important role in the chemical communication between plants and pests. However, it is still unclear whether β-ocimene can active the defense mechanism of Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis against the peach aphid Myzus persicae. In this study, we found that treatment of Chinese cabbage with β-ocimene inhibited the growth of M. persicae in terms of weight gain and reproduction. Moreover, β-ocimene treatment negatively influenced the feeding behavior of M. persicae by shortening the total feeding period and phloem ingestion and increasing the frequency of stylet puncture. When given a choice, winged aphids preferred to settle on healthy Chinese cabbage compared with β-ocimene-treated plants. In addition, performance of the parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis in terms of Y-tube olfaction and landings was better on β-ocimene-treated Chinese cabbage than on healthy plants. Furthermore, β-ocimene significantly increased the expression levels of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid marker genes and the accumulation of glucosinolates. Surprisingly, the transcriptional levels of detoxifying enzymes (CYP6CY3, CYP4, and GST) in aphids reared on β-ocimene-treated Chinese cabbage were significantly higher than those of aphids reared on healthy plants. In summary, our results indicated that β-ocimene can activate the defense response of Chinese cabbage against M. persicae, and that M. persicae can also adjust its detoxifying enzymes machinery to counter the host plant defense reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Hong-Gang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Identification and Functional Analysis of a Novel Cytochrome P450 Gene CYP9A105 Associated with Pyrethroid Detoxification in Spodoptera exigua Hübner. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030737. [PMID: 29510578 PMCID: PMC5877598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In insects, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s or CYPs) are known to be involved in the detoxification and metabolism of insecticides, leading to increased resistance in insect populations. Spodoptera exigua is a serious polyphagous insect pest worldwide and has developed resistance to various insecticides. In this study, a novel CYP3 clan P450 gene CYP9A105 was identified and characterized from S. exigua. The cDNAs of CYP9A105 encoded 530 amino acid proteins, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that CYP9A105 was expressed at all developmental stages, with maximal expression observed in fifth instar stage larvae, and in dissected fifth instar larvae the highest transcript levels were found in midguts and fat bodies. The expression of CYP9A105 in midguts was upregulated by treatments with the insecticides α-cypermethrin, deltamethrin and fenvalerate at both LC15 concentrations (0.10, 0.20 and 5.0 mg/L, respectively) and LC50 concentrations (0.25, 0.40 and 10.00 mg/L, respectively). RNA interference (RNAi) mediated silencing of CYP9A105 led to increased mortalities of insecticide-treated 4th instar S. exigua larvae. Our results suggest that CYP9A105 might play an important role in α-cypermethrin, deltamethrin and fenvalerate detoxification in S. exigua.
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Peng L, Zhao Y, Wang H, Song C, Shangguan X, Ma Y, Zhu L, He G. Functional Study of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes from the Brown Planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens Stål) to Analyze Its Adaptation to BPH-Resistant Rice. Front Physiol 2017; 8:972. [PMID: 29249980 PMCID: PMC5714877 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-insect interactions constitute a complex of system, whereby plants synthesize toxic compounds as the main defense strategy to combat herbivore assault, and insects deploy detoxification systems to cope with toxic plant compounds. Cytochrom P450s are among the main detoxification enzymes employed by insects to combat the chemical defenses of host plants. In this study, we used Nilaparvata lugens (BPH) to constitute an ideal system for studying plant-insect interactions. By feeding BPHs with artificial diets containing ethanol extracts, we show that biotype Y BPHs have a greater ability to metabolize exogenous substrates than biotype 1 BPHs. NlCPR knockdown inhibited the ability of BPHs to feed on YHY15. qRT-PCR was used to screen genes in the P450 family, and upregulation of CYP4C61, CYP6AX1, and CYP6AY1 induced by YHY15 was investigated. When the three P450 genes were knocked down, only CYP4C61 dsRNA treatment was inhibited the ability of BPHs to feed on YHY15. These results indicate that BPH P450 enzymes are a key factor in the physiological functions of BPH when feeding on BPH-resistant rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengpan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangcun He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wang RL, He YN, Staehelin C, Liu SW, Su YJ, Zhang JE. Identification of Two Cytochrome Monooxygenase P450 Genes, CYP321A7 and CYP321A9, from the Tobacco Cutworm Moth (Spodoptera Litura) and Their Expression in Response to Plant Allelochemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2278. [PMID: 29084173 PMCID: PMC5713248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Larvae of the polyphagous tobacco cutworm moth, Spodoptera litura (S. litura), encounter potentially toxic allelochemicals in food. It is therefore important for S. litura to produce detoxification enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s). In this study, we have identified two novel cytochrome P450 genes of S. litura, named CYP321A7 and CYP321A9. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that they belong to the CYP321A subfamily. Expression levels of these genes at different development stages were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The highest expression was found in the midgut and the fat body. Larvae fed with a diet supplemented with xanthotoxin or coumarin showed a strongly increased expression of CYP321A7 and CYP321A9 in the midgut and fat body as compared to larvae that consumed a control diet. In contrast, larvae consuming a diet containing aflatoxin B1 or quercetin did not induce the expression of these genes. CYP321A7 and CYP321A9 showed different expression profiles with respect to certain allelochemicals. For example, a diet containing cinnamic acid stimulated the expression of CYP321A9, whereas no changes were observed for CYP321A7. We suggest that the fine tuning of P450 gene expression is an important adaptation mechanism that allows polyphagous S. litura larvae to survive in a changing chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Long Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agruculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Ya-Nan He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agruculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Christian Staehelin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, East Campus, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shi-Wei Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agruculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yi-Juan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agruculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jia-En Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agruculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Genomic adaptation to polyphagy and insecticides in a major East Asian noctuid pest. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1747-1756. [PMID: 28963452 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is among the most widespread and destructive agricultural pests, feeding on over 100 crops throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. By genome sequencing, physical mapping and transcriptome analysis, we found that the gene families encoding receptors for bitter or toxic substances and detoxification enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, carboxylesterase and glutathione-S-transferase, were massively expanded in this polyphagous species, enabling its extraordinary ability to detect and detoxify many plant secondary compounds. Larval exposure to insecticidal toxins induced expression of detoxification genes, and knockdown of representative genes using short interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced larval survival, consistent with their contribution to the insect's natural pesticide tolerance. A population genetics study indicated that this species expanded throughout southeast Asia by migrating along a South India-South China-Japan axis, adapting to wide-ranging ecological conditions with diverse host plants and insecticides, surviving and adapting with the aid of its expanded detoxification systems. The findings of this study will enable the development of new pest management strategies for the control of major agricultural pests such as S. litura.
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RNA-seq of Rice Yellow Stem Borer Scirpophaga incertulas Reveals Molecular Insights During Four Larval Developmental Stages. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017; 7:3031-3045. [PMID: 28717048 PMCID: PMC5592929 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.043737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas, is a prominent pest in rice cultivation causing serious yield losses. The larval stage is an important stage in YSB, responsible for maximum infestation. However, limited knowledge exists on the biology and mechanisms underlying the growth and differentiation of YSB. To understand and identify the genes involved in YSB development and infestation, so as to design pest control strategies, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis at the first, third, fifth, and seventh larval developmental stages employing Illumina Hi-seq. High-quality reads (HQR) of ∼229 Mb were assembled into 24,775 transcripts with an average size of 1485 bp. Genes associated with various metabolic processes, i.e., detoxification mechanism [CYP450, GSTs, and carboxylesterases (CarEs)], RNA interference (RNAi) machinery (Dcr-1, Dcr-2, Ago-1, Ago-2, Sid-1, Sid-2, Sid-3, and Sid-1-related gene), chemoreception (CSPs, GRs, OBPs, and ORs), and regulators [transcription factors (TFs) and hormones] were differentially regulated during the developmental stages. Identification of stage-specific transcripts made it possible to determine the essential processes of larval development. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that YSB has not evolved much with respect to the detoxification mechanism, but showed the presence of distinct RNAi machinery. The presence of strong specific visual recognition coupled with chemosensory mechanisms supports the monophagous nature of YSB. Designed expressed sequenced tags-simple-sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) will facilitate accurate estimation of the genetic diversity of YSB. This is the first report on characterization of the YSB transcriptome and the identification of genes involved in key processes, which will help researchers and industry to devise novel pest control strategies. This study also opens up a new avenue to develop next-generation resistant rice using RNAi or genome editing approaches.
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Zhou X, Fan X, Gao Y, Yang J, Qian J, Fan D. Identification of two novel P450 genes and their responses to deltamethrin in the cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae Linnaeus. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 141:76-83. [PMID: 28911744 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, found in virtually all living organisms, play an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics such as drugs, pesticides, and plant toxins. In this study, we identified two novel cytochrome P450 genes from the cabbage moth, Mamestra brassicae Linnaeus. They were named CYP4M51 and CYP6AB56 (GenBank Accession Nos.: KX008607 and JQ901385, respectively) by the P450 Nomenclature Committee. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription revealed that CYP4M51 and CYP6AB56 were highly expressed in the fat bodies and were differentially expressed at different larval developmental stages. Expression levels of these two cytochrome P450 genes were up-regulated by deltamethrin. Analyses of their detoxification roles using RNA interference followed by a deltamethrin bioassay showed that larvae mortalities increased by 11.4% and 21.6%, respectively, after CYP4M51 and CYP6AB56 were partially silenced. These results suggest that inhibition of the novel cytochrome P450 genes CYP4M51 and CYP6AB56 could be used to increase the efficacy of cabbage moth control by deltamethrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xing Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yanling Gao
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jin Qian
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Dong Fan
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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