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Wang Z, Peng Z, Khan S, Qayyum A, Rehman A, Du X. Unveiling the power of MYB transcription factors: Master regulators of multi-stress responses and development in cotton. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133885. [PMID: 39019359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Plants, being immobile, are subject to environmental stresses more than other creatures, necessitating highly effective stress tolerance systems. Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in the adaptation mechanism as they can be activated by diverse signals and ultimately control the expression of stress-responsive genes. One of the most prominent plant TFs family is MYB (myeloblastosis), which is involved in secondary metabolites, developmental mechanisms, biological processes, cellular architecture, metabolic pathways, and stress responses. Extensive research has been conducted on the involvement of MYB TFs in crops, while their role in cotton remains largely unexplored. We also utilized genome-wide data to discover potential 440 MYB genes and investigated their plausible roles in abiotic and biotic stress conditions, as well as in different tissues across diverse transcriptome databases. This review primarily summarized the structure and classification of MYB TFs biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and their role in secondary metabolism in different crops, especially in cotton. However, it intends to identify gaps in current knowledge and emphasize the need for further research to enhance our understanding of MYB roles in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China; Research Institute of Economic Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Sana Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Xiongming Du
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
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Daduwal HS, Bhardwaj R, Srivastava RK. Pearl millet a promising fodder crop for changing climate: a review. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:169. [PMID: 38913173 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04671-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The agricultural sector faces colossal challenges amid environmental changes and a burgeoning human population. In this context, crops must adapt to evolving climatic conditions while meeting increasing production demands. The dairy industry is anticipated to hold the highest value in the agriculture sector in future. The rise in the livestock population is expected to result in an increased demand for fodder feed. Consequently, it is crucial to seek alternative options, as crops demand fewer resources and are resilient to climate change. Pearl millet offers an apposite key to these bottlenecks, as it is a promising climate resilience crop with significantly low energy, water and carbon footprints compared to other crops. Numerous studies have explored its potential as a fodder crop, revealing promising performance. Despite its capabilities, pearl millet has often been overlooked. To date, few efforts have been made to document molecular aspects of fodder-related traits. However, several QTLs and candidate genes related to forage quality have been identified in other fodder crops, which can be harnessed to enhance the forage quality of pearl millet. Lately, excellent genomic resources have been developed in pearl millet allowing deployment of cutting-edge genomics-assisted breeding for achieving a higher rate of genetic gains. This review would facilitate a deeper understanding of various aspects of fodder pearl millet in retrospect along with the future challenges and their solution. This knowledge may pave the way for designing efficient breeding strategies in pearl millet thereby supporting sustainable agriculture and livestock production in a changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Singh Daduwal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India
| | - Ruchika Bhardwaj
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Rakesh K Srivastava
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India.
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Zhao Y, Sun T, Liu J, Zhang R, Yu Y, Zhou G, Liu J, Gao B. The Key Role of Plant Hormone Signaling Transduction and Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathways in the Response of Chinese Pine ( Pinus tabuliformis) to Feeding Stimulation by Pine Caterpillar ( Dendrolimus tabulaeformis). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6354. [PMID: 38928063 PMCID: PMC11203464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants have developed a series of resistance mechanisms to face various external stresses. As understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying plant resistance continues to deepen, exploring endogenous resistance in plants has become a hot topic in this field. Despite the multitude of studies on plant-induced resistance, how plants respond to stress under natural conditions remains relatively unclear. To address this gap, we investigated Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) using pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus tabulaeformis) under natural conditions. Healthy Chinese pine trees, approximately 10 years old, were selected for studying induced resistance in Huangtuliangzi Forestry, Pingquan City, Chengde City, Hebei Province, China. Pine needles were collected at 2 h and 8 h after feeding stimulation (FS) via 10 pine caterpillars and leaf clipping control (LCC), to simulate mechanical damage caused by insect chewing for the quantification of plant hormones and transcriptome and metabolome assays. The results show that the different modes of treatments significantly influence the contents of JA and SA in time following treatment. Three types of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were found to be involved in the initial response, namely phenolic acids, lipids, and flavonoids. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that 722 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are positively related to feeding stimulation and the specific enriched pathways are plant hormone signal transduction and flavonoid biosynthesis, among others. Two TIFY transcription factors (PtTIFY54 and PtTIFY22) and a MYB transcription factor (PtMYB26) were found to be involved in the interaction between plant hormones, mainly in the context of JA signal transduction and flavonoid biosynthesis. The results of this study provide an insight into how JA activates, serving as a reference for understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance formation in conifers responding to mandibulate insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Tianhua Sun
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Ruibo Zhang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongjie Yu
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Guona Zhou
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Junxia Liu
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Baojia Gao
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.Z.); (T.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); (G.Z.); (J.L.)
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Russavage EM, Hewlett JA, Grunseich JM, Szczepaniec A, Rooney WL, Helms AM, Eubanks MD. Aphid-Induced Volatiles and Subsequent Attraction of Natural Enemies Varies among Sorghum Cultivars. J Chem Ecol 2024; 50:262-275. [PMID: 38647585 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-024-01493-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The production of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) is a type of indirect defense used by plants to attract natural enemies and reduce herbivory by insect pests. In many crops little is known about genotypic variation in HIPV production or how this may affect natural enemy attraction. In this study, we identified and quantified HIPVs produced by 10 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cultivars infested with a prominent aphid pest, the sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi Theobald). Volatiles were collected using dynamic headspace sampling techniques and identified and quantified using GC-MS. The total amounts of volatiles induced by the aphids did not differ among the 10 cultivars, but overall blends of volatiles differed significantly in composition. Most notably, aphid herbivory induced higher levels of methyl salicylate (MeSA) emission in two cultivars, whereas in four cultivars, the volatile emissions did not change in response to aphid infestation. Dual-choice olfactometer assays were used to determine preference of the aphid parasitoid, Aphelinus nigritus, and predator, Chrysoperla rufilabris, between plants of the same cultivar that were un-infested or infested with aphids. Two aphid-infested cultivars were preferred by natural enemies, while four other cultivars were more attractive to natural enemies when they were free of aphids. The remaining four cultivars elicited no response from parasitoids. Our work suggests that genetic variation in HIPV emissions greatly affects parasitoid and predator attraction to aphid-infested sorghum and that screening crop cultivars for specific predator and parasitoid attractants has the potential to improve the efficacy of biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Russavage
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA.
| | - Jeremy A Hewlett
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - John M Grunseich
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Adrianna Szczepaniec
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - William L Rooney
- Department of Soil and Crop Science, Texas A&M University, 405 Turk Rd, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Anjel M Helms
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Micky D Eubanks
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Zhang W, Wang H, Guo Y, Hao X, Li Y, He W, Zhao X, Cai S, Song X. Functional Validation of Different Alternative Splicing Variants of the Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium ClNUM1 Gene in Tobacco. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5242-5256. [PMID: 38920986 PMCID: PMC11201747 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Asteraceae are widely distributed throughout the world, with diverse functions and large genomes. Many of these genes remain undiscovered and unstudied. In this study, we discovered a new gene ClNUM1 in Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium and studied its function. In this study, bioinformatics, RT-qPCR, paraffin sectioning, and tobacco transgenics were utilized to bioinformatically analyze and functionally study the three variable splice variants of the unknown gene ClNUM1 cloned from C. lavandulifolium. The results showed that ClNUM1.1 and ClNUM1.2 had selective 3' splicing and selective 5' splicing, and ClNUM1.3 had selective 5' splicing. When the corresponding transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to abiotic stress treatment, in the tobacco seedlings, the ClNUM1.1 gene and the ClNUM1.2 gene enhanced salt and low-temperature tolerance and the ClNUM1.3 gene enhanced low-temperature tolerance; in mature tobacco plants, the ClNUM1.1 gene was able to enhance salt and low-temperature tolerance, and the ClNUM1.2 and ClNUM1.3 genes were able to enhance low-temperature tolerance. In summary, there are differences in the functions of the different splice variants and the different seedling stages of transgenic tobacco, but all of them enhanced the resistance of tobacco to a certain extent. The analysis and functional characterization of the ClNUM1 gene provided new potential genes and research directions for abiotic resistance breeding in Chrysanthemum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xuebin Song
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (W.Z.); (H.W.); (Y.G.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (W.H.); (X.Z.); (S.C.)
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Li D, Li X, Wang Z, Wang H, Gao J, Liu X, Zhang Z. Transcription factors RhbZIP17 and RhWRKY30 enhance resistance to Botrytis cinerea by increasing lignin content in rose petals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1633-1646. [PMID: 38180121 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The petals of ornamental plants such as roses (Rosa spp.) are the most economically important organs. This delicate, short-lived plant tissue is highly susceptible to pathogens, in large part because the walls of petal cells are typically thinner and more flexible compared with leaf cells, allowing the petals to fold and bend without breaking. The cell wall is a dynamic structure that rapidly alters its composition in response to pathogen infection, thereby reinforcing its stability and boosting plant resistance against diseases. However, little is known about how dynamic changes in the cell wall contribute to resistance to Botrytis cinerea in rose petals. Here, we show that the B. cinerea-induced transcription factor RhbZIP17 is required for the defense response of rose petals. RhbZIP17 is associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and binds to the promoter of the lignin biosynthesis gene RhCAD1, activating its expression. Lignin content showed a significant increase under gray mold infection compared with the control. RhCAD1 functions in the metabolic regulation of lignin production and, consequently, disease resistance, as revealed by transient silencing and overexpression in rose petals. The WRKY transcription factor RhWRKY30 is also required to activate RhCAD1 expression and enhance resistance against B. cinerea. We propose that RhbZIP17 and RhWRKY30 increase lignin biosynthesis, improve the resistance of rose petals to B. cinerea, and regulate RhCAD1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xintong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Hong C, Zhai L, Wang X, Zhou L, Song A, Jiang J, Wang L, Chen F, Chen S. Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) CmHRE2-like negatively regulates the resistance of chrysanthemum to the aphid (Macrosiphoniella sanborni). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:76. [PMID: 38281936 PMCID: PMC10823704 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth and ornamental value of chrysanthemums are frequently hindered by aphid attacks. The ethylene-responsive factor (ERF) gene family is pivotal in responding to biotic stress, including insect stress. However, to date, little is known regarding the involvement of ERF transcription factors (TFs) in the response of chrysanthemum to aphids. RESULTS In the present study, CmHRE2-like from chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), a transcription activator that localizes mainly to the nucleus, was cloned. Expression is induced by aphid infestation. Overexpression of CmHRE2-like in chrysanthemum mediated its susceptibility to aphids, whereas CmHRE2-like-SRDX dominant repressor transgenic plants enhanced the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids, suggesting that CmHRE2-like contributes to the susceptibility of chrysanthemum to aphids. The flavonoids in CmHRE2-like-overexpression plants were decreased by 29% and 28% in two different lines, whereas they were increased by 42% and 29% in CmHRE2-like-SRDX dominant repressor transgenic plants. The expression of Chrysanthemum-chalcone-synthase gene(CmCHS), chalcone isomerase gene (CmCHI), and flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene(CmF3'H) was downregulated in CmHRE2-like overexpression plants and upregulated in CmHRE2-like-SRDX dominant repressor transgenic plants, suggesting that CmHRE2-like regulates the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids partially through the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION CmHRE2-like was a key gene regulating the vulnerability of chrysanthemum to aphids. This study offers fresh perspectives on the molecular mechanisms of chrysanthemum-aphid interactions and may bear practical significance for developing new strategies to manage aphid infestation in chrysanthemums.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wanwan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chaojun Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lisheng Zhai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lijie Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Aiping Song
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Likai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China.
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Xiang X, Liu S, Li H, Danso Ofori A, Yi X, Zheng A. Defense Strategies of Rice in Response to the Attack of the Herbivorous Insect, Chilo suppressalis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14361. [PMID: 37762665 PMCID: PMC10531896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chilo suppressalis is a notorious pest that attacks rice, feeding throughout the entire growth period of rice and posing a serious threat to rice production worldwide. Due to the boring behavior and overlapping generations of C. suppressalis, the pest is difficult to control. Moreover, no rice variety with high resistance to the striped stem borer (SSB) has been found in the available rice germplasm, which also poses a challenge to controlling the SSB. At present, chemical control is widely used in agricultural production to manage the problem, but its effect is limited and it also pollutes the environment. Therefore, developing genetic resistance is the only way to avoid the use of chemical insecticides. This article primarily focuses on the research status of the induced defense of rice against the SSB from the perspective of immunity, in which plant hormones (such as jasmonic acid and ethylene) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play an important role in the immune response of rice to the SSB. The article also reviews progress in using transgenic technology to study the relationship between rice and the SSB as well as exploring the resistance genes. Lastly, the article discusses prospects for future research on rice's resistance to the SSB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (A.D.O.); (X.Y.)
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9
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Puri H, Grover S, Pingault L, Sattler SE, Louis J. Temporal transcriptomic profiling elucidates sorghum defense mechanisms against sugarcane aphids. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:441. [PMID: 37543569 PMCID: PMC10403856 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09529-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sugarcane aphid (SCA; Melanaphis sacchari) has emerged as a key pest on sorghum in the United States that feeds from the phloem tissue, drains nutrients, and inflicts physical damage to plants. Previously, it has been shown that SCA reproduction was low and high on sorghum SC265 and SC1345 plants, respectively, compared to RTx430, an elite sorghum male parental line (reference line). In this study, we focused on identifying the defense-related genes that confer resistance to SCA at early and late time points in sorghum plants with varied levels of SCA resistance. RESULTS We used RNA-sequencing approach to identify the global transcriptomic responses to aphid infestation on RTx430, SC265, and SC1345 plants at early time points 6, 24, and 48 h post infestation (hpi) and after extended period of SCA feeding for 7 days. Aphid feeding on the SCA-resistant line upregulated the expression of 3827 and 2076 genes at early and late time points, respectively, which was relatively higher compared to RTx430 and SC1345 plants. Co-expression network analysis revealed that aphid infestation modulates sorghum defenses by regulating genes corresponding to phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways, secondary metabolic process, oxidoreductase activity, phytohormones, sugar metabolism and cell wall-related genes. There were 187 genes that were highly expressed during the early time of aphid infestation in the SCA-resistant line, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins, ethylene response factors, cell wall-related, pathogenesis-related proteins, and disease resistance-responsive dirigent-like proteins. At 7 days post infestation (dpi), 173 genes had elevated expression levels in the SCA-resistant line and were involved in sucrose metabolism, callose formation, phospholipid metabolism, and proteinase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our results indicate that the SCA-resistant line is better adapted to activate early defense signaling mechanisms in response to SCA infestation because of the rapid activation of the defense mechanisms by regulating genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis pathway, oxidoreductase activity, biosynthesis of phytohormones, and cell wall composition. This study offers further insights to better understand sorghum defenses against aphid herbivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Puri
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Sajjan Grover
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Lise Pingault
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Scott E Sattler
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
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10
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Shi S, Zha W, Yu X, Wu Y, Li S, Xu H, Li P, Li C, Liu K, Chen J, Yang G, Chen Z, Wu B, Wan B, Liu K, Zhou L, You A. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis provide insight into the resistance response of rice against brown planthopper. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1213257. [PMID: 37426975 PMCID: PMC10327896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1213257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most economically significant pests of rice. The Bph30 gene has been successfully cloned and conferred rice with broad-spectrum resistance to BPH. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Bph30 enhances resistance to BPH remain poorly understood. Methods Here, we conducted a transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of Bph30-transgenic (BPH30T) and BPH-susceptible Nipponbare plants to elucidate the response of Bph30 to BPH infestation. Results Transcriptomic analyses revealed that the pathway of plant hormone signal transduction enriched exclusively in Nipponbare, and the greatest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) signal transduction. Analysis of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) revealed that DAMs involved in the amino acids and derivatives category were down-regulated in BPH30T plants following BPH feeding, and the great majority of DAMs in flavonoids category displayed the trend of increasing in BPH30T plants; the opposite pattern was observed in Nipponbare plants. Combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that the pathways of amino acids biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis were enriched. The content of IAA significantly decreased in BPH30T plants following BPH feeding, and the content of IAA remained unchanged in Nipponbare. The exogenous application of IAA weakened the BPH resistance conferred by Bph30. Discussion Our results indicated that Bph30 might coordinate the movement of primary and secondary metabolites and hormones in plants via the shikimate pathway to enhance the resistance of rice to BPH. Our results have important reference significance for the resistance mechanisms analysis and the efficient utilization of major BPH-resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Shi
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Zha
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinying Yu
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanhe Li
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Huashan Xu
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Peide Li
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Changyan Li
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Junxiao Chen
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guocai Yang
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bian Wu
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingliang Wan
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Aiqing You
- Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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11
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Yu Y, Zhang S, Yu Y, Cui N, Yu G, Zhao H, Meng X, Fan H. The pivotal role of MYB transcription factors in plant disease resistance. PLANTA 2023; 258:16. [PMID: 37311886 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION MYB transcription factors are essential for diverse biology processes in plants. This review has focused on the potential molecular actions of MYB transcription factors in plant immunity. Plants possess a variety of molecules to defend against disease. Transcription factors (TFs) serve as gene connections in the regulatory networks controlling plant growth and defense against various stressors. As one of the largest TF families in plants, MYB TFs coordinate molecular players that modulate plant defense resistance. However, the molecular action of MYB TFs in plant disease resistance lacks a systematic analysis and summary. Here, we describe the structure and function of the MYB family in the plant immune response. Functional characterization revealed that MYB TFs often function either as positive or negative modulators towards different biotic stressors. Moreover, the MYB TF resistance mechanisms are diverse. The potential molecular actions of MYB TFs are being analyzed to uncover functions by controlling the expression of resistance genes, lignin/flavonoids/cuticular wax biosynthesis, polysaccharide signaling, hormone defense signaling, and the hypersensitivity response. MYB TFs have a variety of regulatory modes that fulfill pivotal roles in plant immunity. MYB TFs regulate the expression of multiple defense genes and are, therefore, important for increasing plant disease resistance and promoting agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Cui
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangchao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangnan Meng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Haiyan Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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12
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Tang Y, Lu L, Sheng Z, Zhao D, Tao J. An R2R3-MYB network modulates stem strength by regulating lignin biosynthesis and secondary cell wall thickening in herbaceous peony. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:1237-1258. [PMID: 36633057 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stem strength is an important agronomic trait affecting plant lodging, and plays an essential role in the quality and yield of plants. Thickened secondary cell walls in stems provide mechanical strength that allows plants to stand upright, but the regulatory mechanism of secondary cell wall thickening and stem strength in cut flowers remains unclear. In this study, first, a total of 11 non-redundant Paeonia lactiflora R2R3-MYBs related to stem strength were identified and isolated from cut-flower herbaceous peony, among which PlMYB43, PlMYB83 and PlMYB103 were the most upregulated differentially expressed genes. Then, the expression characteristics revealed that these three R2R3-MYBs were specifically expressed in stems and acted as transcriptional activators. Next, biological function verification showed that these P. lactiflora R2R3-MYBs positively regulated stem strength, secondary cell wall thickness and lignin deposition. Furthermore, yeast-one-hybrid and dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that they could bind to the promoter of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase gene (PlCOMT2) and/or laccase gene (PlLAC4), two key genes involved in lignin biosynthesis. In addition, the function of PlLAC4 in increasing lignin deposition was confirmed by virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression. Moreover, PlMYB83 could also act as a transcriptional activator of PlMYB43. The findings of the study propose a regulatory network of R2R3-MYBs modulating lignin biosynthesis and secondary cell wall thickening for improving stem lodging resistance, and provide a resource for molecular genetic engineering breeding of cut flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Tang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Lu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Sheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Daqiu Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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13
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Li F, Zhang Y, Tian C, Wang X, Zhou L, Jiang J, Wang L, Chen F, Chen S. Molecular module of CmMYB15-like-Cm4CL2 regulating lignin biosynthesis of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) in response to aphid (Macrosiphoniella sanborni) feeding. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1776-1793. [PMID: 36444553 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a major component of plant cell walls and a conserved basic defense mechanism in higher plants deposited in response to aphid infection. However, the molecular mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis in response to aphid infection and the effect of lignin on aphid feeding behavior remain unclear. We report that 4-Coumarate:coenzyme A ligase 2 (Cm4CL2), a gene encoding a key enzyme in the lignin biosynthesis pathway, is induced by aphid feeding, resulting in lignin deposition and reduced aphid attack. Upstream regulator analysis showed that the expression of Cm4CL2 in response to aphid feeding was directly upregulated by CmMYB15-like, an SG2-type R2R3-MYB transcription factor. CmMYB15-like binds directly to the AC cis-element in the promoter region of Cm4CL2. Genetic validation demonstrated that CmMYB15-like was induced by aphid infection and contributed to lignin deposition and cell wall thickening, which consequently enhanced aphid resistance in a Cm4CL2-dependent manner. This study is the first to show that the CmMYB15-like-Cm4CL2 module regulates lignin biosynthesis in response to aphid feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lijie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - LiKai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Key Laboratory of Flower Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration / College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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14
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Zhang Q, Chen C, Wang Y, He M, Li Z, Shen L, Li Q, Zhu L, Ren D, Hu J, Gao Z, Zhang G, Qian Q. OsPPR11 encoding P-type PPR protein that affects group II intron splicing and chloroplast development. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:355-369. [PMID: 36576552 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OsPPR11 belongs to the P-type PPR protein family and can interact with OsCAF2 to regulate Group II intron splicing and affect chloroplast development in rice. Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins participate in chloroplasts or mitochondria group II introns splicing in plants. The PPR protein family contains 491 members in rice, but most of their functions are unknown. In this study, we identified a nuclear gene encoding the P-type PPR protein OsPPR11 in chloroplasts. The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that OsPPR11 was expressed in all plant tissues, but leaves had the highest expression. The osppr11 mutants had yellowing leaves and a lethal phenotype that inhibited chloroplast development and photosynthesis-related gene expression and reduced photosynthesis-related protein accumulation in seedlings. Moreover, photosynthetic complex accumulation decreased significantly in osppr11 mutants. The OsPPR11 is required for ndhA, and ycf3-1 introns splicing and interact with CRM family protein OsCAF2, suggesting that these two proteins may form splicing complexes to regulate group II introns splicing. Further analysis revealed that OsCAF2 interacts with OsPPR11 through the N-terminus. These results indicate that OsPPR11 is essential for chloroplast development and function by affecting group II intron splicing in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Changzhao Chen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaliang Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxing He
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China.
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, 572000, People's Republic of China.
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15
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PeVL1 Novel Elicitor Protein, from Verticillium lecanii 2, Enhances Systemic Resistance against Rice Leaf Roller ( Marasmia ruralis Wlk.) in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020317. [PMID: 36838282 PMCID: PMC9966112 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The hazardous pest known as rice leaf roller (Marasmia ruralis Wlk.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which undermines rice (Oryza sativa L.) output globally, folds the leaves of the rice plant. Protein elicitors are thought to be biological elements that causes the rice to become resistant to herbivores. The potential for biocontrol of the emerging elicitor protein evaluated from Verticillium lecanii 2 (PeVL1) was evaluated against M. ruralis. To assess the impact of PeVL1 on immature development, survival, and lifetime, four different PeVL1 concentrations were allocated. Electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) against M. ruralis were used to evaluate adult reproductive efficiency and the interaction between the pest and the pathogen. Furthermore, the characterization of active substances in PeVL1 with multi-acting entomopathogenic effects looked into the direct interactions of PeVL1 with temperature and climatic change in rice (O. sativa) plants. PeVL1 treatments reduced the population increase of second and third generation M. ruralis compared to controls. In a test of host selection, M. ruralis colonized control plants more quickly than PeVL1-treated O. sativa plants. PeVL1 concentrations prolonged the M. ruralis larval stage. Similar to fecundity, PeVL1-treated seedlings produced fewer offspring than control seedlings. On PeVL1-treated leaves, trichomes and wax production created an unfavorable habitat for M. ruralis. PeVL1 changed the surface structure of the leaves, which inhibited colonization and decreased M. ruralis reproduction. The activation of pathways was another aspect of systemic defense activities including jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET). Based on these results against M. ruralis, the use of PeVL1 in the agroecosystem with integrated pest management and biocontrol seems appropriate. Our research provides a novel insight into a cutting-edge biocontrol method utilizing V. lecanii 2.
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16
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Vuong UT, Iswanto ABB, Nguyen Q, Kang H, Lee J, Moon J, Kim SH. Engineering plant immune circuit: walking to the bright future with a novel toolbox. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:17-45. [PMID: 36036862 PMCID: PMC9829404 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens destroy crops and cause severe yield losses, leading to an insufficient food supply to sustain the human population. Apart from relying on natural plant immune systems to combat biological agents or waiting for the appropriate evolutionary steps to occur over time, researchers are currently seeking new breakthrough methods to boost disease resistance in plants through genetic engineering. Here, we summarize the past two decades of research in disease resistance engineering against an assortment of pathogens through modifying the plant immune components (internal and external) with several biotechnological techniques. We also discuss potential strategies and provide perspectives on engineering plant immune systems for enhanced pathogen resistance and plant fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Thi Vuong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Quang‐Minh Nguyen
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Hobin Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Moon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
- Division of Life ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
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17
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Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis to Identify Sugarcane Gene Defense against Fall Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda) Herbivory. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213712. [PMID: 36430189 PMCID: PMC9694286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop, contributing ≥80% to total sugar production around the world. Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the main pests of sugarcane, potentially causing severe yield and sugar loss. The identification of key defense factors against S. frugiperda herbivory can provide targets for improving sugarcane resistance to insect pests by molecular breeding. In this work, we used one of the main sugarcane pests, S. frugiperda, as the tested insect to attack sugarcane. Integrated transcriptome and metabolomic analyses were performed to explore the changes in gene expression and metabolic processes that occurred in sugarcane leaf after continuous herbivory by S. frugiperda larvae for 72 h. The transcriptome analysis demonstrated that sugarcane pest herbivory enhanced several herbivory-induced responses, including carbohydrate metabolism, secondary metabolites and amino acid metabolism, plant hormone signaling transduction, pathogen responses, and transcription factors. Further metabolome analysis verified the inducement of specific metabolites of amino acids and secondary metabolites by insect herbivory. Finally, association analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome by the Pearson correlation coefficient method brought into focus the target defense genes against insect herbivory in sugarcane. These genes include amidase and lipoxygenase in amino acid metabolism, peroxidase in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and pathogenesis-related protein 1 in plant hormone signal transduction. A putative regulatory model was proposed to illustrate the sugarcane defense mechanism against insect attack. This work will accelerate the dissection of the mechanism underlying insect herbivory in sugarcane and provide targets for improving sugarcane variety resistance to insect herbivory by molecular breeding.
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18
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Xia P, Hu W, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Yan K, Liang Z. Structural and interactions analysis of a transcription factor PnMYB2 in Panax notoginseng. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 275:153756. [PMID: 35767909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The main active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Panax notoginseng, are the Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS). They can be synthesized via the mevalonate pathway; PnSS and PnSE1 are the key rate-limiting enzymes in this pathway. In this study, an interaction between PnMYB2 and the key enzymes was identified and characterized from the P. notoginseng cDNA library using the Y1H technique. Subsequently, X-α-gal color reaction confirmed the interaction between PnMYB2 and the upstream sequences of PnSS and PnSE1 promoters. Full-length cDNA sequence of PnMYB2 was isolated and characterized. PnMYB2 has an open reading frame of 864 bp, encoding 287 amino acids. 3D structural analysis of PnMYB2 indicated that its structure was similar to that of the template. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PnMYB2 and PgMYB2 are highly homologous and belong to the R2R3 MYB transcription factor (TF). Subcellular localization analysis showed that PnMYB2 was localized in the nucleus. The recombinant protein PnMYB2 was successfully obtained through prokaryotic expression and was confirmed to be an inclusion body protein. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) experiments demonstrated that PnMYB2 specifically binds to MYB core and AC-rich elements. This study provides a theoretical basis for transcriptional regulation of saponin biosynthesis in P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengguo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Wanying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yujie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Sanqi Research, Wenshan University, Wenshan, 663000, China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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Hrip1 Induces Systemic Resistance against Bean Aphid (Megoura japonica Matsumura) in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061080. [PMID: 35744596 PMCID: PMC9227054 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging elicitor protein Hrip1 was evaluated for sublethal effects and biocontrol potential in the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris. In Megoura japonica Matsumura, purified elicitor protein Hrip1 was investigated for impacts on endurance, life expectancy, juvenile expansion, fully grown procreative performance, and pathogen–pest interface. The multi-acting entomopathogenic effects of the active compounds of Alternaria tenuissima active on Hrip1 in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were also investigated. Megoura japonica population expansion was reduced by Hrip1 treatments (second and third generations). In a host selection test, control plants colonized quicker than Hrip1-treated P. vulgaris plants. Hrip1 influenced the longevity, development, and fertility of insects. Hrip1-elicitor protein concentrations aided M. japonica nymph development. Similarly, seedlings treated with Hrip1 generated fewer offspring than seedlings not treated with Hrip1. Hrip1 altered plant height and leaf surface structure, reducing M. japonica reproduction and colonization. Hrip1-treated P. vulgaris seedlings exhibited somewhat increased amounts of jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene (ET). The integrated management of insect pests and biocontrol with Hrip1 in the agroecosystem appears to be suitable against M. japonica based on these findings.
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20
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Zhang Q, Li T, Gao M, Ye M, Lin M, Wu D, Guo J, Guan W, Wang J, Yang K, Zhu L, Cheng Y, Du B, He G. Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiling Reveal the Resistance Mechanisms of Rice against Brown Planthopper. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4083. [PMID: 35456901 PMCID: PMC9031479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most destructive insects affecting rice production. To better understand the physiological mechanisms of how rice responds to BPH feeding, we analyzed BPH-induced transcriptomic and metabolic changes in leaf sheaths of both BPH-susceptible and -resistant rice varieties. Our results demonstrated that the resistant rice reduced the settling, feeding and growth of BPH. Metabolic analyses indicated that BPH infestation caused more drastic overall metabolic changes in the susceptible variety than the resistant rice. Differently accumulated metabolites (DAMs) belonging to flavonoids were downregulated in the susceptible rice but upregulated in resistant variety. Transcriptomic analyses revealed more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in susceptible rice than resistant rice, and DEGs related to stimulus were significantly upregulated in resistant rice but downregulated in susceptible rice. Combined analyses of transcriptome and metabolome showed that many DEGs and DAMs were enriched in phenylpropane biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. We conducted correlation analyses of DEGs and DAMs in these pathways and found a high correlation between DEGs and DAMs. Then, we found that the contents of endogenous indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) in resistant rice was lower than that of susceptible rice after BPH feeding, while the salicylic acid (SA) content was the opposite. For functional analysis, an exogenous application of IAA decreased rice resistance to BPH, but the exogenous application of SA increased resistance. In addition, biochemical assessment and quantitative PCR analysis showed that the lignin content of resistant accession was constitutively higher than in susceptible accession. By adding epigallocatechin, the substrate of anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), to the artificial diet decreased the performance of BPH. We first combined a transcriptome-metabolome-wide association study (TMWAS) on rice resistance to BPH in this study. We demonstrated that rice promoted resistance to BPH by inducing epigallocatechin and decreasing IAA. These findings provided useful transcriptomic and metabolic information for understanding the rice-BPH interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Q.Z.); (T.L.); (M.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.); (D.W.); (J.G.); (W.G.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Guangcun He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Q.Z.); (T.L.); (M.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.); (D.W.); (J.G.); (W.G.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (L.Z.); (Y.C.)
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21
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Zhu Y, Hu X, Wang P, Wang H, Ge X, Li F, Hou Y. GhODO1, an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor, positively regulates cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae via the lignin biosynthesis and jasmonic acid signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:580-591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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22
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Biocontrol Potential of Novel Emerging Multiacting Bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NC6 against Brevicoryne brassicae in Brassica rapa ssp. Pekinensis. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The emerging elicitor protein PeBA1, extracted from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NC6, was tested against the cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) for its biocontrol potential. Its effects on the survival, lifespan, immature development, adult reproductive performance, and pest–pathogen interaction were assessed using electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) against B. brassicae. Furthermore, the direct effects of PeBA1 with temperature and climate change in Brassica rapa ssp. Pekinensis plants were investigated by the characterization of active compounds in B. amyloliquefaciens with multi-acting entomopathogenic effects. Compared with controls, PeBA1 treatments decreased (second- and third-generation) B. brassicae population growth rates. In a host selection test, control plants were colonized faster by B. brassicae than PeBA1-treated B. rapa plants. The B. brassicae nymphal development was extended by PeBA1 concentrations. Likewise, fecundity was reduced in PeBA1-treated seedlings compared with control, with fewer offspring produced. The trichomes and wax production on PeBA1-treated leaves resulted in a hostile environment for B. brassicae. PeBA1 altered the surface structure of the leaves, reducing B. brassicae reproduction and preventing colonization. Systemic defensive processes also included the activation of pathways (JA, SA, and ET). Based on these findings against B. brassicae, integrated pest management and bio control with PeBA1 in the agroecosystem appears to be suitable.
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23
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Wang Q, Liu X, Liu H, Fu Y, Cheng Y, Zhang L, Shi W, Zhang Y, Chen J. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Wheat Kernels in Response to the Feeding of Orange Wheat Blossom Midges ( Sitodiplosis mosellana) in the Field. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1477-1493. [PMID: 35090120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The orange wheat blossom midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin) is an insect pest that feeds on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The resistance mechanisms of wheat to S. mosellana infestation are largely unknown. In this study, the wheat varieties LX99 and 6218 were identified as highly resistant and susceptible, respectively, via field investigations conducted over two consecutive years. Morphological and microstructural observations of mature wheat kernels following S. mosellana infestation revealed that the degree of cell structure damage in resistant LX99 grains was less than that in susceptible 6218 grains. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of seeds following S. mosellana feeding showed that the differentially expressed genes and differentially accumulated metabolites from LX99 were mostly enriched in several primary and secondary metabolic pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and phenylalanine biosynthesis. Additionally, phenylpropanoid- and flavonoid-related gene expression was significantly upregulated following S. mosellana infestation in LX99 relative to that in 6218. Some metabolites involved in phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathways, such as cinnamic acid, coumarin, epigallocatechin, and naringenin, were only induced in infested LX99 kernels. These results suggest that phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathways play important roles in wheat kernel resistance to S. mosellana attack and provide useful insights for the breeding and utilization of resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lijiao Zhang
- Plant Protection and Epidemic Station of Luquan District, Hebei 050299, P. R. China
| | - Wangpeng Shi
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Julian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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24
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Shu F, Jiang B, Yuan Y, Li M, Wu W, Jin Y, Xiao H. Biological Activities and Emerging Roles of Lignin and Lignin-Based Products─A Review. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4905-4918. [PMID: 34806363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive substances, displaying excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and processability, could be extensively applied in biomedicine and tissue engineering. In recent years, plant-based bioactive substances such as flavonoids, vitamins, terpenes, and lignin have received considerable attention due to their human health benefits and pharmaceutical/medical applications. Among them is lignin, an amorphous biomacromolecule mainly derived from the combinatorial radical coupling of three phenylpropane units (p-hydroxypenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl) during lignification. Lignin possesses intrinsic bioactivities (antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-UV activities, etc.) against phytopathogens. Lignin also enhances the plant resistance (adaptability) against environmental stresses. The abundant structural features of lignin offer other significant bioactivities including antitumor and antivirus bioactivities, regulation of plant growth, and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. This Review reports the latest research results on the bioactive potential of lignin and lignin-based substances in biomedicine, agriculture, and biomass conversion. Moreover, the interfacial reactions and bonding mechanisms of lignin with biotissue/cells and other constituents were also discussed, aiming at promoting the conversion or evolution of lignin from industrial wastes to value-added bioactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Shu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.,Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mohan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.,Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada
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Natukunda MI, Hohenstein JD, McCabe CE, Graham MA, Qi Y, Singh AK, MacIntosh GC. Interaction between Rag genes results in a unique synergistic transcriptional response that enhances soybean resistance to soybean aphids. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:887. [PMID: 34895143 PMCID: PMC8665634 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyramiding different resistance genes into one plant genotype confers enhanced resistance at the phenotypic level, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not well-understood. In soybean, aphid resistance is conferred by Rag genes. We compared the transcriptional response of four soybean genotypes to aphid feeding to assess how the combination of Rag genes enhanced the soybean resistance to aphid infestation. RESULTS A strong synergistic interaction between Rag1 and Rag2, defined as genes differentially expressed only in the pyramid genotype, was identified. This synergistic effect in the Rag1/2 phenotype was very evident early (6 h after infestation) and involved unique biological processes. However, the response of susceptible and resistant genotypes had a large overlap 12 h after aphid infestation. Transcription factor (TF) analyses identified a network of interacting TF that potentially integrates signaling from Rag1 and Rag2 to produce the unique Rag1/2 response. Pyramiding resulted in rapid induction of phytochemicals production and deposition of lignin to strengthen the secondary cell wall, while repressing photosynthesis. We also identified Glyma.07G063700 as a novel, strong candidate for the Rag1 gene. CONCLUSIONS The synergistic interaction between Rag1 and Rag2 in the Rag1/2 genotype can explain its enhanced resistance phenotype. Understanding molecular mechanisms that support enhanced resistance in pyramid genotypes could facilitate more directed approaches for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha I. Natukunda
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Jessica D. Hohenstein
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Chantal E. McCabe
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Michelle A. Graham
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Yunhui Qi
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Asheesh K. Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | - Gustavo C. MacIntosh
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
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Kim MH, Cho JS, Bae EK, Choi YI, Eom SH, Lim YJ, Lee H, Park EJ, Ko JH. PtrMYB120 functions as a positive regulator of both anthocyanin and lignin biosynthetic pathway in a hybrid poplar. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:2409-2423. [PMID: 34100089 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Both anthocyanins and lignins are essential secondary metabolites in plant growth and development. Their biosynthesis is metabolically interconnected and diverges in the central metabolite 4-coumaroyl CoA of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Considerable progress has been made in understanding transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lignin and anthocyanin synthesis pathways, but the concerted regulation of these pathways is not yet fully understood. Here, we functionally characterized PtrMYB120, a R2R3-MYB transcription factor from Populus trichocarpa. Overexpression of PtrMYB120 in a hybrid poplar (i.e., 35S::PtrMYB120) was associated with increased anthocyanin (i.e., cyanidin 3-O-glucoside) accumulation and upregulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. However, transgenic poplars with dominant suppression of PtrMYB120 function achieved by fusing the ERF-associated amphiphilic repression motif to PtrMYB120 (i.e., 35S::PtrMYB120-SRDX) had a dramatic decrease in not only anthocyanin but also Klason lignin content with downregulation of both anthocyanin and lignin biosynthetic genes. Indeed, 35S::PtrMYB120-SRDX poplars had irregularly shaped xylem vessels with reduced S-lignin content in stems, which was proportionally related to the level of the introduced PtrMYB120-SRDX gene. Furthermore, protoplast-based transcriptional activation assay using the PtrMYB120-GR system suggested that PtrMYB120 directly regulates genes involved in both anthocyanin and lignin biosynthesis, including chalcone synthase and ferulate-5 hydroxylase. Interestingly, the saccharification efficiency of line #6 of 35S::PtrMYB120-SRDX poplars, which had slightly reduced lignin content with a normal growth phenotype, was dramatically enhanced (>45%) by NaOH treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that PtrMYB120 functions as a positive regulator of both anthocyanin and lignin biosynthetic pathways and can be targeted to enhance saccharification efficiency in woody perennials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ha Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seong Cho
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Abio materials Co., Ltd., 7-44 Jamsil-gil, Cheonan 31005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Bae
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, National Institute of Forest Science, 39 Onjeong-ro, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Im Choi
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, National Institute of Forest Science, 39 Onjeong-ro, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jin Lim
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoshin Lee
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Jun Park
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, National Institute of Forest Science, 39 Onjeong-ro, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Javed K, Humayun T, Humayun A, Wang Y, Javed H. PeaT1 and PeBC1 Microbial Protein Elicitors Enhanced Resistance against Myzus persicae Sulzer in Chili Capsicum annum L. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112197. [PMID: 34835323 PMCID: PMC8618443 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer), a major and harmful chili aphid usually managed using chemical pesticides, is responsible for massive annual agricultural losses. The efficacy of two protein elicitors, PeaT1 and PeBC1, to stimulate a defensive response against M. persicae in chili was studied in this study. When compared to positive (water) and negative (buffer, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0) controls, the rates of population growth (intrinsic rate of increase) of M. persicae (second and third generations) were lower with PeaT1- and PeBC1-treated chilli seedlings. M. persicae demonstrated a preference for colonizing control (12.18 ± 0.06) plants over PeaT1- (7.60 ± 0.11) and PeBC1 (6.82 ± 0.09) treated chilli seedlings in a host selection assay. Moreover, PeaT1- and PeBC1-treated chilli seedlings, the nymphal development period of the M. persicae was extended. Similarly, fecundity was lowered in the PeaT1- and PeBC1-treated chilli seedlings, with fewer offspring produced compared to the positive (water) and negative controls (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0). The trichomes and wax production on the PeaT1 and PeBC1-treated chilli leaves created a disadvantageous surface environment for M. persicae. Compared to control (30.17 ± 0.16 mm-2), PeaT1 (56.23 ± 0.42 mm-2) and PeBC1 (52.14 ± 0.34 mm-2) had more trichomes. The levels of jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) were significantly higher in the PeaT1- and PeBC1-treated chili seedlings, indicating considerable accumulation. PeaT1 and PeBC1 significantly affected the height of the chili plant and the surface structure of the leaves, reducing M. persicae reproduction and preventing colonization, according to the data. The activation of pathways was also part of the defensive response (JA, SA, and ET). This present research findings established an evidence of biocontrol for the utilization of PeaT1 and PeBC1 in the defence of chili plants against M. persicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Javed
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Department of Environmental Science, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Talha Humayun
- Department of Surgery (Surgical Unit 1 HFH), Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Ayesha Humayun
- Department of Clinical studies, Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Humayun Javed
- Department of Entomology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of BBX Transcription Factors in Iris germanica L. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168793. [PMID: 34445524 PMCID: PMC8396303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of B-box (BBX) transcription factors contains one or two B-BOX domains and sometimes also features a highly conserved CCT domain, which plays important roles in plant growth, development and stress response. Nevertheless, no systematic study of the BBX gene family in Iris germanica L. has been undertaken. In this study, a set of six BBX TF family genes from I. germanica was identified based on transcriptomic sequences, and clustered into three clades according to phylogenetic analysis. A transient expression analysis revealed that all six BBX proteins were localized in the nucleus. A yeast one-hybrid assay demonstrated that IgBBX3 has transactivational activity, while IgBBX1, IgBBX2, IgBBX4, and IgBBX5 have no transcriptional activation ability. The transcript abundance of IgBBXs in different tissues was divided into two major groups. The expression of IgBBX1, IgBBX2, IgBBX3 and IgBBX5 was higher in leaves, whereas IgBBX4 and IgBBX6 was higher in roots. The stress response patterns of six IgBBX were detected under phytohormone treatments and abiotic stresses. The results of this study lay the basis for further research on the functions of BBX gene family members in plant hormone and stress responses, which will promote their application in I. germanica breeding.
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Dong NQ, Lin HX. Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant-environment interactions. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:180-209. [PMID: 33325112 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the most important metabolisms in plants, yielding more than 8,000 metabolites contributing to plant development and plant-environment interplay. Phenylpropanoid metabolism materialized during the evolution of early freshwater algae that were initiating terrestrialization and land plants have evolved multiple branches of this pathway, which give rise to metabolites including lignin, flavonoids, lignans, phenylpropanoid esters, hydroxycinnamic acid amides, and sporopollenin. Recent studies have revealed that many factors participate in the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism, and modulate phenylpropanoid homeostasis when plants undergo successive developmental processes and are subjected to stressful environments. In this review, we summarize recent progress on elucidating the contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to the coordination of plant development and plant-environment interaction, and metabolic flux redirection among diverse metabolic routes. In addition, our review focuses on the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-translational, and epigenetic levels, and in response to phytohormones and biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Qian Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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Jacques S, Sperschneider J, Garg G, Thatcher LF, Gao LL, Kamphuis LG, Singh KB. A functional genomics approach to dissect spotted alfalfa aphid resistance in Medicago truncatula. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22159. [PMID: 33335168 PMCID: PMC7746763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphids are virus-spreading insect pests affecting crops worldwide and their fast population build-up and insecticide resistance make them problematic to control. Here, we aim to understand the molecular basis of spotted alfalfa aphid (SAA) or Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata resistance in Medicago truncatula, a model organism for legume species. We compared susceptible and resistant near isogenic Medicago lines upon SAA feeding via transcriptome sequencing. Expression of genes involved in defense and stress responses, protein kinase activity and DNA binding were enriched in the resistant line. Potentially underlying some of these changes in gene expression was the finding that members of the MYB, NAC, AP2 domain and ERF transcription factor gene families were differentially expressed in the resistant versus susceptible lines. A TILLING population created in the resistant cultivar was screened using exome capture sequencing and served as a reverse genetics tool to functionally characterise genes involved in the aphid resistance response. This screening revealed three transcription factors (a NAC, AP2 domain and ERF) as important regulators in the defence response, as a premature stop-codon in the resistant background led to a delay in aphid mortality and enhanced plant susceptibility. This combined functional genomics approach will facilitate the future development of pest resistant crops by uncovering candidate target genes that can convey enhanced aphid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Jacques
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia.,Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Jana Sperschneider
- Biological Data Science Institute, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Gagan Garg
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia
| | | | - Ling-Ling Gao
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia
| | - Lars G Kamphuis
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia.,Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Karam B Singh
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia. .,Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia. .,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Javed K, Javed H, Qiu D. Biocontrol Potential of Purified Elicitor Protein PeBL1 Extracted from Brevibacillus laterosporus Strain A60 and Its Capacity in the Induction of Defense Process against Cucumber Aphid ( Myzus persicae) in Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus). BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070179. [PMID: 32708244 PMCID: PMC7408455 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Cucumber aphid (Myzus persicae), a destructive cucumber aphid usually managed by chemical pesticides, is responsible for enormous annual agricultural losses. A protein elicitor, PeBL1, was investigated in the present work for its ability to induce a defense response against M. persicae in cucumber. The rates of population growth (Intrinsic rate of increase) of M. persicae (second and third generations) decreased with PeBL1-treated cucumber seedlings as compared to positive (water) and negative 70.58 μg mL-1 controls (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0). In an assay on host selection, M. persicae had a preference for colonizing control plants as compared to the PeBL1-treated cucumber seedlings. The nymphal development time of the aphid was extended with the PeBL1-treated cucumber seedlings. Likewise, fecundity was reduced, with less offspring produced in the PeBL1-treated cucumber seedlings as compared to the positive (water) and negative 70.58 μg mL-1 controls (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0). The cucumber leaves treated with PeBL1 had a hazardous surface environment for M. persicae, caused by trichomes and wax formation. Jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) levels were significantly higher, exhibiting significant accumulation in the PeBL1-treated cucumber seedlings. The following results showed that PeBL1 considerably altered the height of the cucumber plant and the surface structure of the leaves to minimize M. persicae reproduction, and it prevented colonization. Defensive processes also included the activation of pathways (JA, SA, and ET). This study provides evidence of biocontrol for the use of PeBL1 in cucumber defense against M. persicae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Javed
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; or
| | - Humayun Javed
- Department of Entomology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Dewen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; or
- Correspondence:
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Zhu L, Guan Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Jaffar MA, Song A, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen F. Regulation of flowering time in chrysanthemum by the R2R3 MYB transcription factor CmMYB2 is associated with changes in gibberellin metabolism. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:96. [PMID: 32637124 PMCID: PMC7326907 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The switch from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is a key event in the development of a plant. Here, the product of the chrysanthemum gene CmMYB2, an R2R3 MYB transcription factor that is localized in the nucleus, was shown to be a component of the switching mechanism. Plants engineered to overexpress CmMYB2 flowered earlier than did wild-type plants, while those in which CmMYB2 was suppressed flowered later. In both the overexpression and RNAi knockdown plants, a number of genes encoding proteins involved in gibberellin synthesis or signaling, as well as in the response to photoperiod, were transcribed at a level that differed from that in the wild type. Both yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed that CmMYB2 interacts with CmBBX24, a zinc-finger transcription factor known to regulate flowering by its influence on gibberellin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaohe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Abuzar Jaffar
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang W, Gao T, Li P, Tian C, Song A, Jiang J, Guan Z, Fang W, Chen F, Chen S. Chrysanthemum CmWRKY53 negatively regulates the resistance of chrysanthemum to the aphid Macrosiphoniella sanborni. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:109. [PMID: 32637137 PMCID: PMC7327015 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Chrysanthemum is frequently attacked by aphids, which greatly hinders the growth and ornamental value of this plant species. WRKY transcription factors play an important role in the response to biotic stresses such as pathogen and insect stresses. Here, chrysanthemum CmWRKY53 was cloned, and its expression was induced by aphid infestation. To verify the role of CmWRKY53 in resistance to aphids, CmWRKY53 transgenic chrysanthemum was generated. CmWRKY53 was found to mediate the susceptibility of chrysanthemum to aphids. The expression levels of secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes, such as peroxidase- and polyphenol oxidase-encoding genes, decreased in CmWRKY53-overexpressing (CmWRKY53-Oe) plants but dramatically increased in chimeric dominant repressor (CmWRKY53-SRDX) plants, suggesting that CmWRKY53 contributes to the susceptibility of chrysanthemum to aphids, possibly due to its role in the regulation of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Tianwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Peiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
- College of Horticulture, Xinyang Agricultural and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan China
| | - Chang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weimin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Miyamoto T, Takada R, Tobimatsu Y, Suzuki S, Yamamura M, Osakabe K, Osakabe Y, Sakamoto M, Umezawa T. Double knockout of OsWRKY36 and OsWRKY102 boosts lignification with altering culm morphology of rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110466. [PMID: 32539998 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Breeding to enrich lignin, a major component of lignocelluloses, in plants contributes to enhanced applications of lignocellulosic biomass into solid biofuels and valuable aromatic chemicals. To collect information on enhancing lignin deposition in grass species, important lignocellulose feedstocks, we generated rice (Oryza sativa) transgenic lines deficient in OsWRKY36 and OsWRKY102, which encode putative transcriptional repressors for secondary cell wall formation. We used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis and closely characterized their altered cell walls using chemical and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. Both OsWRKY36 and OsWRKY102 mutations significantly increased lignin content by up to 28 % and 32 %, respectively. Additionally, OsWRKY36/OsWRKY102-double-mutant lines displayed lignin enrichment of cell walls (by up to 41 %) with substantially altered culm morphology over the single-mutant lines as well as the wild-type controls. Our chemical and NMR analyses showed that relative abundances of guaiacyl and p-coumarate units were slightly higher and lower, respectively, in the WRKY mutant lignins compared with those in the wild-type lignins. Our results provide evidence that both OsWRKY36 and OsWRKY102 are associated with repression of rice lignification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Miyamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Rie Takada
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Keishi Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuriko Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan; Research Unit for Development of Global Sustainability, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
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35
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Duhlian L, Koramutla MK, Subramanian S, Chamola R, Bhattacharya R. Comparative transcriptomics revealed differential regulation of defense related genes in Brassica juncea leading to successful and unsuccessful infestation by aphid species. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10583. [PMID: 32601289 PMCID: PMC7324606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Productivity of Indian mustard (B. juncea), a major oil yielding crop in rapeseed-mustard group is heavily inflicted by mustard aphid, L. erysimi. Mustard aphid, a specialist aphid species on rapeseed-mustard crops, rapidly multiplies and colonizes the plants leading to successful infestation. In contrary, legume specific cowpea aphid, A. craccivora when released on B. juncea plants fails to build up population and thus remains unsuccessful in infestation. In the present study, differential host response of B. juncea to the two aphid species, one being successful insect-pest and the other being unsuccessful on it has been studied based on transcriptome analysis. Differential feeding efficiency of the two aphid species on mustard plants was evident from the amount of secreted honeydews. Leaf-transcriptomes of healthy and infested plants, treated with the two aphid species, were generated by RNA sequencing on Illumina platform and de novo assembly of the quality reads. A comparative assessment of the differentially expressed genes due to treatments revealed a large extent of overlaps as well as distinctness with respect to the set of genes and their direction of regulation. With respect to host-genes related to transcription factors, oxidative homeostasis, defense hormones and secondary metabolites, L. erysimi led to either suppression or limited activation of the transcript levels compared to A. craccivora. Further, a comprehensive view of the DEGs suggested more potential of successful insect-pests towards transcriptional reprogramming of the host. qRT-PCR based validation of randomly selected up- and down-regulated transcripts authenticated the transcriptome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianthanzauva Duhlian
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Murali Krishna Koramutla
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S Subramanian
- Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rohit Chamola
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ramcharan Bhattacharya
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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36
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Zhu L, Guan Y, Zhang Z, Song A, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen F. CmMYB8 encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor which represses lignin and flavonoid synthesis in chrysanthemum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:217-224. [PMID: 32078899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
R2R3-MYB transcription factors are important regulators of the growth and development of plants. Here, CmMYB8 a chrysanthemum gene encoding an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, was isolated and functionally characterized. The gene was transcribed throughout the plant, but most strongly in the stem. When CmMYB8 was over-expressed, a number of genes encoding components of lignin synthesis were down-regulated, and the plants' lignin content was reduced. The composition of the lignin in the transgenic plants was also altered, and its S/G ratio was reduced. A further consequence of the over-expression of CmMYB8 was to lessen the transcript abundance of key genes involved in flavonoid synthesis, resulting in a reduced accumulation of flavonoids. The indication is that the CmMYB8 protein participates in the negative regulation of both lignin and flavonoid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yunxiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhaohe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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37
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Javed K, Qiu D. Protein Elicitor PeBL1 of Brevibacillus laterosporus Enhances Resistance Against Myzus persicae in Tomato. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9010057. [PMID: 31947681 PMCID: PMC7168619 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myzus persicae, a destructive aphid of tomato usually managed by chemical pesticides, is responsible for huge annual losses in agriculture. In the current work, a protein elicitor, PeBL1, was investigated for its capacity to induce a defense response against M. persicae in tomato. Population growth rates of M. persicae (second and third generation) decreased with PeBL1 treatments as compared with controls. In a host selection assay, M. persicae showed preference for colonizing control plants as compared to tomato seedlings treated with PeBL1. Tomato leaves treated with PeBL1 gave rise to a hazardous surface environment for M. persicae due to formation of trichomes and wax. Jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) showed significant accumulation in tomato seedlings treated by PeBL1. The following results showed that PeBL1 significantly modified the tomato leaf surface structure to reduce reproduction and deter colonization by M. persicae. Defense processes also included activation of JA, SA, and ET pathways. The study provides evidence for use of PeBL1 in the protection of tomato from M. persicae.
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Xu W, Tang W, Wang C, Ge L, Sun J, Qi X, He Z, Zhou Y, Chen J, Xu Z, Ma YZ, Chen M. SiMYB56 Confers Drought Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Rice by Regulating Lignin Biosynthesis and ABA Signaling Pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:785. [PMID: 32625221 PMCID: PMC7314972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) originated in China and is generally cultivated in arid and barren soil. Through long-term harsh environmental selection, foxtail millet has acquired significant drought resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of foxtail millet drought resistance is still unknown. Here, we identified a drought-induced R2R3-MYB transcription factor SiMYB56 in foxtail millet. Overexpression of SiMYB56 significantly enhances tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice plants at both the vegetative and the reproductive stage and has no adverse effect on its normal growth. Compared with wild-type controls, SiMYB56-overexpressing rice plants had lower MDA content and higher lignin content under drought conditions. Quantitative real-time PCR and Transcriptional activity assays demonstrated that SiMYB56 could activate expression of lignin biosynthesis genes under drought conditions. Also, we found that overexpression of SiMYB56 can led to ABA accumulation in the seeds transgenic rice plants. Further experiments showed that Overexpression of SiMYB56 can upregulate the expression of ABA synthesis and response related genes under drought conditions. In conclusion, SiMYB56 may enhance the drought resistance of transgenic rice plants by regulating lignin biosynthesis and ABA signaling pathway, making SiMYB56 a candidate gene for drought resistance improvement in gramineous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wensi Tang
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhao Ge
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchang Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yongning, China
| | - Xin Qi
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang He
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbin Zhou
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoshi Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: You-Zhi Ma,
| | - Ming Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Ming Chen,
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Li L, Wang S, Yang X, Francis F, Qiu D. Protein elicitor PeaT1 enhanced resistance against aphid (Sitobion avenae) in wheat. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:236-243. [PMID: 31149755 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitobion avenae, a dominant aphid in wheat that causes huge annual losses in agriculture, is mainly controlled using chemical pesticides. In this study, we investigated a protein elicitor, PeaT, for its induction of the defense response in wheat against Sitobion avenae. RESULTS Intrinsic rates of increase in second and third generations of S. avenae decreased in the PeaT1 (second generation 0.31 ± 0.01, third generation 0.28 ± 0.01) treatment compared with controls (second generation 0.28 ± 0.01, third generation 0.26 ± 0.01). S. avenae preferred to colonize control rather than PeaT1-treated wheat seedlings in a host selection test. PeaT1-treated wheat leaves possessed more trichomes and wax that formed a disadvantageous surface environment for S. avenae. Both salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) accumulated significantly in PeaT1-treated wheat seedlings. CONCLUSION These results showed that PeaT1 modified physical surface structures in wheat to reduce reproduction and deter colonization by S. avenae. SA and JA were involved in the induced physical defense process. This study provided evidence for use of PeaT1 as a 'vaccine' to protect wheat from Sitobion avenae. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Shuangchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Frederic Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dewen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Selvaraj A, Thangavel K, Uthandi S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices) and diazotrophic bacterium (Rhizobium BMBS) primed defense in blackgram against herbivorous insect (Spodoptera litura) infestation. Microbiol Res 2020; 231:126355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.126355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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An R2R3 MYB transcription factor confers brown planthopper resistance by regulating the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase pathway in rice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 117:271-277. [PMID: 31848246 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902771116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most destructive insects affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a key enzyme involved in plant defense against pathogens, but the role of PAL in insect resistance is still poorly understood. Here we show that expression of the majority of PALs in rice is significantly induced by BPH feeding. Knockdown of OsPALs significantly reduces BPH resistance, whereas overexpression of OsPAL8 in a susceptible rice cultivar significantly enhances its BPH resistance. We found that OsPALs mediate resistance to BPH by regulating the biosynthesis and accumulation of salicylic acid and lignin. Furthermore, we show that expression of OsPAL6 and OsPAL8 in response to BPH attack is directly up-regulated by OsMYB30, an R2R3 MYB transcription factor. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the phenylpropanoid pathway plays an important role in BPH resistance response, and provide valuable targets for genetic improvement of BPH resistance in rice.
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Li G, Wang H, Cheng X, Su X, Zhao Y, Jiang T, Jin Q, Lin Y, Cai Y. Comparative genomic analysis of the PAL genes in five Rosaceae species and functional identification of Chinese white pear. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8064. [PMID: 31824757 PMCID: PMC6894436 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites regulating plant growth response. To date, the evolutionary history of the PAL family in Rosaceae plants remains unclear. In this study, we identified 16 PAL homologous genes in five Rosaceae plants (Pyrus bretschneideri, Fragaria vesca, Prunus mume, Prunus persica, and Malus × domestica). We classified these PALs into three categories based on phylogenetic analysis, and all PALs were distributed on 13 chromosomes. We tracked gene duplication events and performed sliding window analysis. These results revealed the evolution of PALs in five Rosaceae plants. We predicted the promoter of the PbPALs by PLANT CARE online software, and found that the promoter region of both PbPAL1 and PbPAL3 have at least one AC element. The results of qRT-PCR analysis found that PbPAL1 and PbPAL2 were highly expressed in the stems and roots, while expression level of PbPAL3 was relatively low in different tissues. The expression of PbPAL1 and PbPAL2 increased firstly and then decreased at different developmental periods of pear fruit. Among them, the expression of PbPAL1 reached the highest level 55 days after flowering. Three PbPALs were induced by abiotic stress to varying degrees. We transfected PbPAL1 and PbPAL2 into Arabidopsis thaliana, which resulted in an increase in lignin content and thickening of the cell walls of intervascular fibres and xylem cells. In summary, this research laid a foundation for better understanding the molecular evolution of PALs in five Rosaceae plants. Furthermore, the present study revealed the role of PbPALs in lignin synthesis, and provided basic data for regulating lignin synthesis and stone cells development in pear plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueqiang Su
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Taoshan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qin Jin
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Lin
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Zhang XY, Sun XZ, Zhang S, Yang JH, Liu FF, Fan J. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of grafting onto Artemisia scoparia W. to affect the aphid resistance of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium T.). BMC Genomics 2019; 20:776. [PMID: 31653200 PMCID: PMC6815057 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphid (Macrosiphoniella sanbourni) stress drastically influences the yield and quality of chrysanthemum, and grafting has been widely used to improve tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the effect of grafting on the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids remains unclear. Therefore, we used the RNA-Seq platform to perform a de novo transcriptome assembly to analyze the self-rooted grafted chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium T. 'Hangbaiju') and the grafted Artermisia-chrysanthemum (grafted onto Artemisia scoparia W.) transcription response to aphid stress. RESULTS The results showed that there were 1337 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 680 were upregulated and 667 were downregulated, in the grafted Artemisia-chrysanthemum compared to the self-rooted grafted chrysanthemum. These genes were mainly involved in sucrose metabolism, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, the plant hormone signaling pathway and the plant-to-pathogen pathway. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses revealed the coordinated upregulation of these genes from numerous functional categories related to aphid stress responses. In addition, we determined the physiological indicators of chrysanthemum under aphid stress, and the results were consistent with the molecular sequencing results. All evidence indicated that grafting chrysanthemum onto A. scoparia W. upregulated aphid stress responses in chrysanthemum. CONCLUSION In summary, our study presents a genome-wide transcript profile of the self-rooted grafted chrysanthemum and the grafted Artemisia-chrysanthemum and provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of C. morifolium T. in response to aphid infestation. These data will contribute to further studies of aphid tolerance and the exploration of new candidate genes for chrysanthemum molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Sun
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jing-Hui Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jie Fan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
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Hong Y, Li M, Dai S. Ectopic Expression of Multiple Chrysanthemum ( Chrysanthemum × morifolium) R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor Genes Regulates Anthocyanin Accumulation in Tobacco. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E777. [PMID: 31590246 PMCID: PMC6826627 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × morifolium) flower color is mainly attributed to the accumulation of anthocyanins. In the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in chrysanthemum, although all of the structural genes have been cloned, the regulatory function of R2R3-MYB transcription factor (TF) genes, which play a crucial role in determining anthocyanin accumulation in many ornamental crops, still remains unclear. In our previous study, four light-induced R2R3-MYB TF genes in chrysanthemum were identified using transcriptomic sequencing. In the present study, we further investigated the regulatory functions of these genes via phylogenetic and alignment analyses of amino acid sequences, which were subsequently verified by phenotypic, pigmental, and structural gene expression analyses in transgenic tobacco lines. As revealed by phylogenetic and alignment analyses, CmMYB4 and CmMYB5 were phenylpropanoid and flavonoid repressor R2R3-MYB genes, respectively, while CmMYB6 was an activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, and CmMYB7 was involved in regulating flavonol biosynthesis. Compared with wild-type plants, the relative anthocyanin contents in the 35S:CmMYB4 and 35S:CmMYB5 tobacco lines significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while for 35S:CmMYB6 and 35S:CmMYB7, the opposite result was obtained. Both in the 35S:CmMYB4 and 35S:CmMYB5 lines, the relative expression of several anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in tobacco was significantly downregulated (p < 0.05); on the contrary, several genes were upregulated in the 35S:CmMYB6 and 35S:CmMYB7 lines. These results indicate that CmMYB4 and CmMYB5 negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in chrysanthemum, while CmMYB6 and CmMYB7 play a positive role, which will aid in understanding the complex mechanism regulating floral pigmentation in chrysanthemum and the functional divergence of the R2R3-MYB gene family in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hong
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Mengling Li
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Silan Dai
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, 100083 Beijing, China.
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Baillo EH, Kimotho RN, Zhang Z, Xu P. Transcription Factors Associated with Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance and Their Potential for Crops Improvement. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E771. [PMID: 31575043 PMCID: PMC6827364 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In field conditions, crops are adversely affected by a wide range of abiotic stresses including drought, cold, salt, and heat, as well as biotic stresses including pests and pathogens. These stresses can have a marked effect on crop yield. The present and future effects of climate change necessitate the improvement of crop stress tolerance. Plants have evolved sophisticated stress response strategies, and genes that encode transcription factors (TFs) that are master regulators of stress-responsive genes are excellent candidates for crop improvement. Related examples in recent studies include TF gene modulation and overexpression approaches in crop species to enhance stress tolerance. However, much remains to be discovered about the diverse plant TFs. Of the >80 TF families, only a few, such as NAC, MYB, WRKY, bZIP, and ERF/DREB, with vital roles in abiotic and biotic stress responses have been intensively studied. Moreover, although significant progress has been made in deciphering the roles of TFs in important cereal crops, fewer TF genes have been elucidated in sorghum. As a model drought-tolerant crop, sorghum research warrants further focus. This review summarizes recent progress on major TF families associated with abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and their potential for crop improvement, particularly in sorghum. Other TF families and non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression are discussed briefly. Despite the emphasis on sorghum, numerous examples from wheat, rice, maize, and barley are included. Collectively, the aim of this review is to illustrate the potential application of TF genes for stress tolerance improvement and the engineering of resistant crops, with an emphasis on sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elamin Hafiz Baillo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
- Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture, Gezira 21111, Sudan.
| | - Roy Njoroge Kimotho
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhengbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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An C, Sheng L, Du X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Song A, Jiang J, Guan Z, Fang W, Chen F, Chen S. Overexpression of CmMYB15 provides chrysanthemum resistance to aphids by regulating the biosynthesis of lignin. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:84. [PMID: 31645945 PMCID: PMC6804602 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are widely involved in the development of and physiological processes in plants. Here, we isolated the chrysanthemum R2R3-MYB family transcription factor CmMYB15, a homologous gene of AtMYB15. It was demonstrated that CmMYB15 expression was induced by aphids and that CmMYB15 could bind to AC elements, which usually exist in the promoter of lignin biosynthesis genes. Overexpression of CmMYB15 in chrysanthemum enhanced the resistance of aphids. Additionally, the content of lignin and the expression of several lignin biosynthesis genes increased. In summary, the results indicate that CmMYB15 regulates lignin biosynthesis genes that enhance the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liping Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xinping Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yinjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weimin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Miyamoto T, Takada R, Tobimatsu Y, Takeda Y, Suzuki S, Yamamura M, Osakabe K, Osakabe Y, Sakamoto M, Umezawa T. OsMYB108 loss-of-function enriches p-coumaroylated and tricin lignin units in rice cell walls. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:975-987. [PMID: 30773774 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Breeding approaches to enrich lignins in biomass could be beneficial to improving the biorefinery process because lignins increase biomass heating value and represent a potent source of valuable aromatic chemicals. However, despite the fact that grasses are promising lignocellulose feedstocks, limited information is yet available for molecular-breeding approaches to upregulate lignin biosynthesis in grass species. In this study, we generated lignin-enriched transgenic rice (Oryza sativa), a model grass species, via targeted mutagenesis of the transcriptional repressor OsMYB108 using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. The OsMYB108-knockout rice mutants displayed increased expressions of lignin biosynthetic genes and enhanced lignin deposition in culm cell walls. Chemical and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses revealed that the mutant cell walls were preferentially enriched in γ-p-coumaroylated and tricin lignin units, both of which are typical and unique components in grass lignins. NMR analysis also showed that the relative abundances of major lignin linkage types were altered in the OsMYB108 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Miyamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Rie Takada
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuri Takeda
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Keishi Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuriko Osakabe
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
- Research Unit for Development of Global Sustainability, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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Lu J, Shi Y, Li W, Chen S, Wang Y, He X, Yin X. RcPAL, a key gene in lignin biosynthesis in Ricinus communis L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:181. [PMID: 31060493 PMCID: PMC6501403 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1777-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an important seed oil crop. Castor oil is a highly demanded oil for several industrial uses. Current castor bean varieties suffer from low productivity and high risk of insect pests and diseases. High productive and pest/disease resistance varieties are needed. Lignin has been associated to the resistance for pest, disease and lodging. Lignin is produced from several metabolites of the phenylpropanoid pathway. PAL is the key enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway. The gene PAL may assist in the improvement of resistance of castor bean. RESULTS The RcPAL CDs was amplified and its function was examined by transgenic overexpression and antisense expression, lignin histochemical staining, real-time PCR, lignin content measurement and morphological investigation. Its full length was 2145 bp, encoding 714 amino acids. The overexpression of RcPAL (7.2 times) increased significantly the PAL activity, dyeing depth of xylem cells and lignin content (14.44%), resulting in a significantly lower plant height, deeper and thicker blade, more green leaves, shorter internode, thicker stem diameter, and opposite in antisense expression plants (lignin content lowered by 27.1%), demonstrated that the gene RcPAL was a key gene in castor lignin biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS The gene RcPAL is a key gene in castor lignin biosynthesis and can be induced to express under mechanical damage stress. When up-regulated, it increased the lignin content significantly and dwarfed the plant height, and opposite when down-regulated. The gene RcPAL may assist in the improvement of resistance and plant type of castor bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannong Lu
- College of agricultural sciences, Guangdong ocean university, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Weijin Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China
| | - Sen Chen
- College of agricultural sciences, Guangdong ocean university, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- College of agricultural sciences, Guangdong ocean university, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xiaolin He
- College of agricultural sciences, Guangdong ocean university, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xuegui Yin
- College of agricultural sciences, Guangdong ocean university, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Jia N, Liu J, Tan P, Sun Y, Lv Y, Liu J, Sun J, Huang Y, Lu J, Jin N, Li M, Md Sharif Uddin Imam K, Xin F, Fan B. Citrus sinensis MYB Transcription Factor CsMYB85 Induce Fruit Juice Sac Lignification Through Interaction With Other CsMYB Transcription Factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:213. [PMID: 30873196 PMCID: PMC6401657 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Varieties of Citrus are commercially important fruits that are cultivated worldwide and are valued for being highly nutritious and having an appealing flavor. Lignification of citrus fruit juice sacs is a serious physiological disorder that occurs during postharvest storage, for which the underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we identified and isolated a candidate MYB transcription factor, CsMYB85, that is involved in the regulation of lignin biosynthesis in Citrus sinensis, which has homologs in Arabidopsis and other plants. We found that during juice sac lignification, CsMYB85 expression levels increase significantly, and therefore, suspected that this gene may control lignin biosynthesis during the lignification process. Our results indicated that CsMYB85 binds the CsMYB330 promoter, regulates its expression, and interacts with CsMYB308 in transgenic yeast and tobacco. A transient expression assay indicated that Cs4CL1 expression levels and lignin content significantly increased in fruit juice sacs overexpressing CsMYB85. At4CL1 expression levels and lignin content were also significantly increased in Arabidopsis overexpressing CsMYB85. We accordingly present convincing evidence for the participation of the CsMYB85 transcription factor in fruit juice sac lignification, and thereby provide new insights into the transcriptional regulation of this process in citrus fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiqin Liu
- Qinhuangdao Customs, Hebei Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Penghui Tan
- Turfgrass Research Institute, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yuemeng Lv
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiameng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yatao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Nuo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Minmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Khandaker Md Sharif Uddin Imam
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjiao Xin
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment on Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Arabidopsis Transcription Factor MYB102 Increases Plant Susceptibility to Aphids by Substantial Activation of Ethylene Biosynthesis. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8020039. [PMID: 29880735 PMCID: PMC6023100 DOI: 10.3390/biom8020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of ethylene biosynthesis by aphids increases the susceptibility of several plant species to aphids. Recent studies have indicated that some MYB transcription factors regulate the phloem-based defense against aphid infestation by modulating ethylene (ET) signaling. Arabidopsis MYB102 has previously been shown to be induced by wound signaling and regulate defense response against chewing insects. However, it remains unclear whether ArabidopsisMYB102 takes part in the defense response of plants to aphids. Here, we investigated the function of MYB102 in the response of Arabidopsis to aphid infestation. ArabidopsisMYB102 was primarily expressed in vascular tissues, and its transcription was remarkably induced by green peach aphids (GPA; Myzus persicae). The results of RNA-Sequencing revealed that overexpression of MYB102 in Arabidopsis promoted ET biosynthesis by upregulation of some 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) genes, which are rate-limiting enzymes of the ET-synthetic pathway. Enhanced ET levels led to reduced Arabidopsis resistance to GPA. Furthermore, dominant suppression of MYB102 inhibited aphid-induced increase of ET levels in Arabidopsis. In agreement with a negative regulatory role for ET in aphid defense responses, the MYB102-overexpressing lines were more susceptible to GPA than wild-type (WT) plants. Overexpression of MYB102 in Arabidopsis obviously repressed aphid-induced callose deposition. Conversely, overexpression of MYB102 failed to increase aphid susceptibility in both the ET-insensitive mutants and plants treated with inhibitors of ET signaling pathways, demonstrating that the ET was critical for promoting aphid performance conferred by overexpression of MYB102. Collectively, our findings indicate that the Arabidopsis MYB102 increases host susceptibility to GPA through the ET-dependent signaling pathways.
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