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Chen Q, Yang Z, Liu H, Man J, Oladejo AO, Ibrahim S, Wang S, Hao B. Novel Drug Delivery Systems: An Important Direction for Drug Innovation Research and Development. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:674. [PMID: 38794336 PMCID: PMC11124876 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating demand for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects in the pharmaceutical domain has catalyzed a new frontier of innovation and research in the field of pharmacy: novel drug delivery systems. These systems are designed to address the limitations of conventional drug administration, such as abbreviated half-life, inadequate targeting, low solubility, and bioavailability. As the disciplines of pharmacy, materials science, and biomedicine continue to advance and converge, the development of efficient and safe drug delivery systems, including biopharmaceutical formulations, has garnered significant attention both domestically and internationally. This article presents an overview of the latest advancements in drug delivery systems, categorized into four primary areas: carrier-based and coupling-based targeted drug delivery systems, intelligent drug delivery systems, and drug delivery devices, based on their main objectives and methodologies. Additionally, it critically analyzes the technological bottlenecks, current research challenges, and future trends in the application of novel drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Haoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Jingyuan Man
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Ayodele Olaolu Oladejo
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
- Department of Animal Health Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora 201003, Nigeria
| | - Sally Ibrahim
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
- Department of Animal Reproduction and AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
| | - Baocheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Q.C.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (J.M.); (A.O.O.); (S.I.)
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2
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Henningfield CM, Soni N, Lee RW, Sharma R, Cleland JL, Green KN. Selective targeting and modulation of plaque associated microglia via systemic hydroxyl dendrimer administration in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:101. [PMID: 38711159 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Alzheimer's disease (AD), microglia surround extracellular plaques and mount a sustained inflammatory response, contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease. Identifying approaches to specifically target plaque-associated microglia (PAMs) without interfering in the homeostatic functions of non-plaque associated microglia would afford a powerful tool and potential therapeutic avenue. METHODS Here, we demonstrated that a systemically administered nanomedicine, hydroxyl dendrimers (HDs), can cross the blood brain barrier and are preferentially taken up by PAMs in a mouse model of AD. As proof of principle, to demonstrate biological effects in PAM function, we treated the 5xFAD mouse model of amyloidosis for 4 weeks via systemic administration (ip, 2x weekly) of HDs conjugated to a colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor (D-45113). RESULTS Treatment resulted in significant reductions in amyloid-beta (Aβ) and a stark reduction in the number of microglia and microglia-plaque association in the subiculum and somatosensory cortex, as well as a downregulation in microglial, inflammatory, and synaptic gene expression compared to vehicle treated 5xFAD mice. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that systemic administration of a dendranib may be utilized to target and modulate PAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caden M Henningfield
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Neelakshi Soni
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ryan W Lee
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Ashvattha Therapeutics, Inc, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | | | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Abousalman-Rezvani Z, Refaat A, Dehghankelishadi P, Roghani-Mamaqani H, Esser L, Voelcker NH. Insights into Targeted and Stimulus-Responsive Nanocarriers for Brain Cancer Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302902. [PMID: 38199238 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Brain cancers, especially glioblastoma multiforme, are associated with poor prognosis due to the limited efficacy of current therapies. Nanomedicine has emerged as a versatile technology to treat various diseases, including cancers, and has played an indispensable role in combatting the COVID-19 pandemic as evidenced by the role that lipid nanocarrier-based vaccines have played. The tunability of nanocarrier physicochemical properties -including size, shape, surface chemistry, and drug release kinetics- has resulted in the development of a wide range of nanocarriers for brain cancer treatment. These nanocarriers can improve the pharmacokinetics of drugs, increase blood-brain barrier transfer efficiency, and specifically target brain cancer cells. These unique features would potentially allow for more efficient treatment of brain cancer with fewer side effects and better therapeutic outcomes. This review provides an overview of brain cancers, current therapeutic options, and challenges to efficient brain cancer treatment. The latest advances in nanomedicine strategies are investigated with an emphasis on targeted and stimulus-responsive nanocarriers and their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abousalman-Rezvani
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Research Way, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Ahmed Refaat
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy - Alexandria University, 1 El-Khartoum Square, Alexandria, 21021, Egypt
| | - Pouya Dehghankelishadi
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, P.O. Box: 51335/1996, Iran
| | - Lars Esser
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Research Way, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, 14 Alliance Ln, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
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Sun L, Liu H, Ye Y, Lei Y, Islam R, Tan S, Tong R, Miao YB, Cai L. Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:418. [PMID: 37919282 PMCID: PMC10622502 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart nanoparticles, which can respond to biological cues or be guided by them, are emerging as a promising drug delivery platform for precise cancer treatment. The field of oncology, nanotechnology, and biomedicine has witnessed rapid progress, leading to innovative developments in smart nanoparticles for safer and more effective cancer therapy. In this review, we will highlight recent advancements in smart nanoparticles, including polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, protein nanoparticles, cell membrane nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, iron oxide nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, black phosphorus, MOF nanoparticles, and others. We will focus on their classification, structures, synthesis, and intelligent features. These smart nanoparticles possess the ability to respond to various external and internal stimuli, such as enzymes, pH, temperature, optics, and magnetism, making them intelligent systems. Additionally, this review will explore the latest studies on tumor targeting by functionalizing the surfaces of smart nanoparticles with tumor-specific ligands like antibodies, peptides, transferrin, and folic acid. We will also summarize different types of drug delivery options, including small molecules, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and even living cells, for their potential use in cancer therapy. While the potential of smart nanoparticles is promising, we will also acknowledge the challenges and clinical prospects associated with their use. Finally, we will propose a blueprint that involves the use of artificial intelligence-powered nanoparticles in cancer treatment applications. By harnessing the potential of smart nanoparticles, this review aims to usher in a new era of precise and personalized cancer therapy, providing patients with individualized treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leming Sun
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment in Special Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yanqi Ye
- Sorrento Therapeutics Inc., 4955 Directors Place, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Yang Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment in Special Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Rehmat Islam
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment in Special Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Sumin Tan
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Haematology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Lulu Cai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Ekhator C, Qureshi MQ, Zuberi AW, Hussain M, Sangroula N, Yerra S, Devi M, Naseem MA, Bellegarde SB, Pendyala PR. Advances and Opportunities in Nanoparticle Drug Delivery for Central Nervous System Disorders: A Review of Current Advances. Cureus 2023; 15:e44302. [PMID: 37649926 PMCID: PMC10463100 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review provides an overview of the current advances, challenges, and opportunities in nanoparticle drug delivery for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The treatment of central nervous system disorders is challenging due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain. Promising approaches to address these issues and improve the efficacy of CNS disease therapies are provided by nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles, can be modified to enhance targeting, stability, and drug-release patterns. They allow for the encapsulation of a variety of therapeutic compounds and can be functionalized with ligands or antibodies for active targeting, minimizing off-target effects. Additionally, nanoparticles can circumvent drug resistance processes and provide versatile platforms for applications that combine therapeutic and diagnostic functions. Although the delivery of CNS medications using nanoparticles has advanced significantly, there are still challenges to be resolved. These include understanding the BBB interactions, doing long-term safety studies, and scaling up the production. However, improvements in nanotechnology and a deeper comprehension of CNS disorders provide opportunities to enhance treatment results and address unmet medical requirements. Future research and ongoing clinical trials are required to further explore the potential of nanoparticle drug delivery for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuyem Ekhator
- Neuro-Oncology, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sushanth Yerra
- Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basseterre, KNA
| | | | | | - Sophia B Bellegarde
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Antigua, St. John's, ATG
| | - Praful R Pendyala
- Neurology, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND
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6
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Lee JH, Chapman DV, Saltzman WM. Nanoparticle Targeting with Antibodies in the Central Nervous System. BME FRONTIERS 2023; 4:0012. [PMID: 37849659 PMCID: PMC10085254 DOI: 10.34133/bmef.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatments for disease in the central nervous system (CNS) are limited because of difficulties in agent penetration through the blood-brain barrier, achieving optimal dosing, and mitigating off-target effects. The prospect of precision medicine in CNS treatment suggests an opportunity for therapeutic nanotechnology, which offers tunability and adaptability to address specific diseases as well as targetability when combined with antibodies (Abs). Here, we review the strategies to attach Abs to nanoparticles (NPs), including conventional approaches of chemisorption and physisorption as well as attempts to combine irreversible Ab immobilization with controlled orientation. We also summarize trends that have been observed through studies of systemically delivered Ab-NP conjugates in animals. Finally, we discuss the future outlook for Ab-NPs to deliver therapeutics into the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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7
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A Glimpse into Dendrimers Integration in Cancer Imaging and Theranostics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065430. [PMID: 36982503 PMCID: PMC10049703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a result of abnormal cell proliferation. This pathology is a serious health problem since it is a leading cause of death worldwide. Current anti-cancer therapies rely on surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, these treatments still present major associated problems, namely the absence of specificity. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Nanoparticles, particularly dendrimers, have been paving their way to the front line of cancer treatment, mostly for drug and gene delivery, diagnosis, and disease monitoring. This is mainly derived from their high versatility, which results from their ability to undergo distinct surface functionalization, leading to improved performance. In recent years, the anticancer and antimetastatic capacities of dendrimers have been discovered, opening new frontiers to dendrimer-based chemotherapeutics. In the present review, we summarize the intrinsic anticancer activity of different dendrimers as well as their use as nanocarriers in cancer diagnostics and treatment.
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Li Y, Jin T, Liu N, Wang J, Qin Z, Yin S, Zhang Y, Fu Z, Wu Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Pang A, Sun J, Wang Y, Yang X. A short peptide exerts neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing inflammation via the miR-6328/IKKβ/NF-κB axis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:53. [PMID: 36855153 PMCID: PMC9972639 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite considerable efforts, ischemic stroke (IS) remains a challenging clinical problem. Therefore, the discovery of effective therapeutic and targeted drugs based on the underlying molecular mechanism is crucial for effective IS treatment. METHODS A cDNA-encoding peptide was cloned from RNA extracted from Rana limnocharis skin, and the mature amino acid sequence was predicted and synthesized. Hemolysis and acute toxicity of the peptide were tested. Furthermore, its neuroprotective properties were evaluated using a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model in rats and an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model in neuron-like PC12 cells. The underlying molecular mechanisms were explored using microRNA (miRNA) sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and western blotting. RESULTS A new peptide (NP1) with an amino acid sequence of 'FLPAAICLVIKTC' was identified. NP1 showed no obvious toxicities in vivo and in vitro and was able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Intraperitoneal administration of NP1 (10 nmol/kg) effectively reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and relieved neurological dysfunction in MCAO/R model rats. Moreover, NP1 significantly alleviated the decrease in viability and increase in apoptosis of neuron-like PC12 cells induced by OGD/R. NP1 effectively suppressed inflammation by reducing interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, NP1 up-regulated the expression of miR-6328, which, in turn, down-regulated kappa B kinase β (IKKβ). IKKβ reduced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) and inhibitor of NF-κB (I-κB), thereby inhibiting activation of the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS The newly discovered non-toxic peptide NP1 ('FLPAAICLVIKTC') exerted neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing inflammation via the miR-6328/IKKβ/NF-κB axis. Our findings not only provide an exogenous peptide drug candidate and endogenous small nucleic acid drug candidate but also a new drug target for the treatment of IS. This study highlights the importance of peptides in the development of new drugs, elucidation of pathological mechanisms, and discovery of new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, 650032 Yunnan China
| | - Naixin Liu
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Junsong Wang
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Zihan Qin
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Saige Yin
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Yingxuan Zhang
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Zhe Fu
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Yutong Wu
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Yinglei Wang
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- grid.413059.a0000 0000 9952 9510Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources and Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504 Yunnan China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- grid.285847.40000 0000 9588 0960Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Ailan Pang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources and Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Rastogi V, Yadav P, Porwal M, Sur S, Verma A. Dendrimer as nanocarrier for drug delivery and drug targeting therapeutics: a fundamental to advanced systematic review. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2158334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Rastogi
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Mayur Porwal
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Souvik Sur
- Research and Development Center, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Anurag Verma
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
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Lawal SK, Olojede SO, Faborode OS, Aladeyelu OS, Matshipi MN, Sulaiman SO, Naidu ECS, Rennie CO, Azu OO. Nanodelivery of antiretroviral drugs to nervous tissues. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025160. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the development of effective combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the neurocognitive impairments associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain challenging. The presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCFB) impedes the adequate penetration of certain antiretroviral drugs into the brain. In addition, reports have shown that some antiretroviral drugs cause neurotoxicity resulting from their interaction with nervous tissues due to long-term systemic exposure. Therefore, the research into the effective therapeutic modality that would cater for the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and ART toxicity is now receiving broad research attention. Thus, this review explores the latest information in managing HAND using a nanoparticle drug delivery system (NDDS). We discussed the neurotoxicity profile of various approved ART. Also, we explained the applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in medicine, their different synthesis methods and their interaction with nervous tissues. Lastly, while proposing AgNPs as useful nanoparticles in properly delivering ART to enhance effectiveness and minimize neurocognitive disorders, we hypothesize that the perceived toxicity of AgNPs could be minimized by taking appropriate precautions. One such precaution is using appropriate reducing and stabilizing agents such as trisodium citrate to reduce silver ion Ag + to ground state Ag0 during the synthesis. Also, the usage of medium-sized, spherical-shaped AgNPs is encouraged in AgNPs-based drug delivery to the brain due to their ability to deliver therapeutic agents across BBB. In addition, characterization and functionalization of the synthesized AgNPs are required during the drug delivery approach. Putting all these factors in place would minimize toxicity and enhance the usage of AgNPs in delivering therapeutic agents across the BBB to the targeted brain tissue and could cater for the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and neurotoxic effects of antiretroviral drugs (ARDs).
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Zha S, Wong K, All AH. Intranasal Delivery of Functionalized Polymeric Nanomaterials to the Brain. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102610. [PMID: 35166052 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous delivery of nanomaterials containing therapeutic agents and various cargos for treating neurological disorders is often constrained by low delivery efficacy due to difficulties in passing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles (NPs) administered intranasally can move along olfactory and trigeminal nerves so that they do not need to pass through the BBB, allowing non-invasive, direct access to selective neural pathways within the brain. Hence, intranasal (IN) administration of NPs can effectively deliver drugs and genes into targeted regions of the brain, holding potential for efficacious disease treatment in the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, current methods for delivering conjugated NPs to the brain are primarily discussed. Distinctive potential mechanisms of therapeutic nanocomposites delivered via IN pathways to the brain are then discussed. Recent progress in developing functional NPs for applications in multimodal bioimaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics is also reviewed. This review is then concluded by discussing existing challenges, new directions, and future perspectives in IN delivery of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zha
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
| | - Ka‐Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
| | - Angelo H. All
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong SAR 000000 P. R. China
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12
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Sorokina SA, Shifrina ZB. Dendrimers as Antiamyloid Agents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040760. [PMID: 35456594 PMCID: PMC9031116 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimer–protein conjugates have significant prospects for biological applications. The complexation changes the biophysical behavior of both proteins and dendrimers. The dendrimers could influence the secondary structure of proteins, zeta-potential, distribution of charged regions on the surface, the protein–protein interactions, etc. These changes offer significant possibilities for the application of these features in nanotheranostics and biomedicine. Based on the dendrimer–protein interactions, several therapeutic applications of dendrimers have emerged. Thus, the formation of stable complexes retains the disordered proteins on the aggregation, which is especially important in neurodegenerative diseases. To clarify the origin of these properties and assess the efficiency of action, the mechanism of protein–dendrimer interaction and the nature and driving force of binding are considered in this review. The review outlines the antiamyloid activity of dendrimers and discusses the effect of dendrimer structures and external factors on their antiamyloid properties.
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13
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Broad-Spectrum Theranostics and Biomedical Application of Functionalized Nanomaterials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061221. [PMID: 35335551 PMCID: PMC8956086 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an important branch of science in therapies known as “nanomedicine” and is the junction of various fields such as material science, chemistry, biology, physics, and optics. Nanomaterials are in the range between 1 and 100 nm in size and provide a large surface area to volume ratio; thus, they can be used for various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, bacterial infections, and diabetes. Nanoparticles play a crucial role in therapy as they can enhance the accumulation and release of pharmacological agents, improve targeted delivery and ultimately decrease the intensity of drug side effects. In this review, we discussthe types of nanomaterials that have various biomedical applications. Biomolecules that are often conjugated with nanoparticles are proteins, peptides, DNA, and lipids, which can enhance biocompatibility, stability, and solubility. In this review, we focus on bioconjugation and nanoparticles and also discuss different types of nanoparticles including micelles, liposomes, carbon nanotubes, nanospheres, dendrimers, quantum dots, and metallic nanoparticles and their crucial role in various diseases and clinical applications. Additionally, we review the use of nanomaterials for bio-imaging, drug delivery, biosensing tissue engineering, medical devices, and immunoassays. Understandingthe characteristics and properties of nanoparticles and their interactions with the biological system can help us to develop novel strategies for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of many diseases including cancer, pulmonary diseases, etc. In this present review, the importance of various kinds of nanoparticles and their biomedical applications are discussed in much detail.
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14
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Eshraghi M, Ahmadi M, Afshar S, Lorzadeh S, Adlimoghaddam A, Rezvani Jalal N, West R, Dastghaib S, Igder S, Torshizi SRN, Mahmoodzadeh A, Mokarram P, Madrakian T, Albensi BC, Łos MJ, Ghavami S, Pecic S. Enhancing autophagy in Alzheimer's disease through drug repositioning. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108171. [PMID: 35304223 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the biggest human health threats due to increases in aging of the global population. Unfortunately, drugs for treating AD have been largely ineffective. Interestingly, downregulation of macroautophagy (autophagy) plays an essential role in AD pathogenesis. Therefore, targeting autophagy has drawn considerable attention as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. However, developing new therapeutics is time-consuming and requires huge investments. One of the strategies currently under consideration for many diseases is "drug repositioning" or "drug repurposing". In this comprehensive review, we have provided an overview of the impact of autophagy on AD pathophysiology, reviewed the therapeutics that upregulate autophagy and are currently used in the treatment of other diseases, including cancers, and evaluated their repurposing as a possible treatment option for AD. In addition, we discussed the potential of applying nano-drug delivery to neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, to overcome the challenge of crossing the blood brain barrier and specifically target molecules/pathways of interest with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Eshraghi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Aida Adlimoghaddam
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada
| | | | - Ryan West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz Iran
| | - Somayeh Igder
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Winnipeg, MB R2H2A6, Canada; Nova Southeastern Univ. College of Pharmacy, Davie, FL, United States of America; University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, United States of America.
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15
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Bajracharya R, Caruso AC, Vella LJ, Nisbet RM. Current and Emerging Strategies for Enhancing Antibody Delivery to the Brain. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2014. [PMID: 34959296 PMCID: PMC8709416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For the treatment of neurological diseases, achieving sufficient exposure to the brain parenchyma is a critical determinant of drug efficacy. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions to tightly control the passage of substances between the bloodstream and the central nervous system, and as such poses a major obstacle that must be overcome for therapeutics to enter the brain. Monoclonal antibodies have emerged as one of the best-selling treatment modalities available in the pharmaceutical market owing to their high target specificity. However, it has been estimated that only 0.1% of peripherally administered antibodies can cross the BBB, contributing to the low success rate of immunotherapy seen in clinical trials for the treatment of neurological diseases. The development of new strategies for antibody delivery across the BBB is thereby crucial to improve immunotherapeutic efficacy. Here, we discuss the current strategies that have been employed to enhance antibody delivery across the BBB. These include (i) focused ultrasound in combination with microbubbles, (ii) engineered bi-specific antibodies, and (iii) nanoparticles. Furthermore, we discuss emerging strategies such as extracellular vesicles with BBB-crossing properties and vectored antibody genes capable of being encapsulated within a BBB delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinie Bajracharya
- Clem Jones Centre for Aging Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Alayna C. Caruso
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (A.C.C.); (L.J.V.)
| | - Laura J. Vella
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (A.C.C.); (L.J.V.)
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rebecca M. Nisbet
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (A.C.C.); (L.J.V.)
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16
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Curcumin Loaded Dendrimers Specifically Reduce Viability of Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196050. [PMID: 34641594 PMCID: PMC8512379 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a deadly and aggressive cancer of the CNS. Even with extensive resection and chemoradiotherapy, patient survival is still only 15 months. To maintain growth and proliferation, cancer cells require a high oxidative state. Curcumin, a well-known anti-inflammatory antioxidant, is a potential candidate for treatment of GB. To facilitate efficient delivery of therapeutic doses of curcumin into cells, we encapsulated the drug in surface-modified polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. We studied the in vitro effectiveness of a traditional PAMAM dendrimer (100% amine surface, G4 NH2), surface-modified dendrimer (10% amine and 90% hydroxyl-G4 90/10-Cys), and curcumin (Cur)-encapsulated dendrimer (G4 90/10-Cys-Cur) on three species of glioblastoma cell lines: mouse-GL261, rat-F98, and human-U87. Using an MTT assay for cell viability, we found that G4 90/10-Cys-Cur reduced viability of all three glioblastoma cell lines compared to non-cancerous control cells. Under similar conditions, unencapsulated curcumin was not effective, while the non-modified dendrimer (G4 NH2) caused significant death of both cancerous and normal cells. By harnessing and optimizing the components of PAMAM dendrimers, we are providing a promising new route for delivering cancer therapeutics. Our results with curcumin suggest that antioxidants are good candidates for treating glioblastoma.
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17
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Sharma R, Liaw K, Sharma A, Jimenez A, Chang M, Salazar S, Amlani I, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Glycosylation of PAMAM dendrimers significantly improves tumor macrophage targeting and specificity in glioblastoma. J Control Release 2021; 337:179-192. [PMID: 34274384 PMCID: PMC8600682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is among the most aggressive forms of cancers, with a median survival of just 15-20 months for patients despite maximum clinical intervention. The majority of conventional anti-cancer therapies fail due to associated off-site toxicities which can be addressed by developing target-specific drug delivery systems. Advances in nanotechnology have provided targeted systems to overcome drug delivery barriers associated with brain and other types of cancers. Dendrimers have emerged as promising vehicles for targeted drug and gene delivery. Dendrimer-mediated targeting strategies can be further enhanced through the addition of targeting ligands to enable receptor-specific interactions. Here, we explore the sugar moieties as ligands conjugated to hydroxyl-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers to leverage altered metabolism in cancer and immune targeting. Using a highly facile click chemistry approach, we modified the surface of dendrimers with glucose, mannose, or galactose moieties in a well-defined manner, to target upregulated sugar transporters in the context of glioblastoma. We show that glucose modification significantly enhanced targeting of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and microglia by increasing brain penetration and cellular internalization, while galactose modification shifts targeting away from TAMs towards galectins on glioblastoma tumor cells. Mannose modification did not alter TAMs and microglia targeting of these dendrimers, but did alter their kinetics of accumulation within the GBM tumor. The whole body biodistribution was largely similar between the systems. These results demonstrate that dendrimers are versatile delivery vehicles that can be modified to tailor their targeting for the treatment of glioblastoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Ambar Jimenez
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Michelle Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sebastian Salazar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Imaan Amlani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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18
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Tian X, Fan T, Zhao W, Abbas G, Han B, Zhang K, Li N, Liu N, Liang W, Huang H, Chen W, Wang B, Xie Z. Recent advances in the development of nanomedicines for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2854-2869. [PMID: 33718667 PMCID: PMC7905263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is still a serious threat to human life and health, but there are few therapeutic options available to treat stroke because of limited blood-brain penetration. The development of nanotechnology may overcome some of the problems related to traditional drug development. In this review, we focus on the potential applications of nanotechnology in stroke. First, we will discuss the main molecular pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke to develop a targeted strategy. Second, considering the important role of the blood-brain barrier in stroke treatment, we also delve mechanisms by which the blood-brain barrier protects the brain, and the reasons why the therapeutics must pass through the blood-brain barrier to achieve efficacy. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive review related to the application of nanomaterials to treat stroke, including liposomes, polymers, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, black phosphorus, hydrogels and dendrimers. To conclude, we will summarize the challenges and future prospects of nanomedicine-based stroke treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Taojian Fan
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Wentian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Bo Han
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Weiyuan Liang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Zhongjian Xie
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, 518116, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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19
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Behrooz AB, Vazifehmand R, Tajudin AA, Masarudin MJ, Sekawi Z, Masomian M, Syahir A. Tailoring drug co-delivery nanosystem for mitigating U-87 stem cells drug resistance. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:1253-1269. [PMID: 34405338 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent form of brain tumor, which generally has a poor prognosis. According to consensus, recurrence of the tumor and chemotherapy resistance acquisition are the two distinguishing features of GBM originated from glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). To eliminate these obstacles inherent in GBM chemotherapy, targeting GSCs through a smart drug delivery system has come to the front position of GBM therapeutics. In this study, B19 aptamer (Apt)-conjugated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) G4C12 dendrimer nanoparticles (NPs), called Apt-NPs, were formulated for the co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and temozolomide (TMZ) to U-87 stem cells. These drugs were loaded using a double emulsification solvent evaporation method. As a result, drug-loaded Apt-NPs significantly inhibited the tumor growth of U-87 stem cells, by the initiation of apoptosis via the downregulation of autophagic and multidrug resistance (MDR) genes. Additionally, by their downregulation by qPCR of CD133, CD44, SOX2, and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, cell proliferation has substantially decreased. Altogether, the results demonstrate that this intelligent drug co-delivery system is capable of effectively transferring PTX and TMZ to U-87 stem cells and without any toxic effect on Apt-NPs alone to U-87 stem cells. Furthermore, the designed dendrimer-based pharmaceutical system along with single-stranded B19 aptamer might be utilized as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of U-87 stem cells drug resistance in the GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Reza Vazifehmand
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Human Genetic, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asilah Ahmad Tajudin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zamberi Sekawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Malihe Masomian
- Centre of Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Science, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amir Syahir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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20
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Filipczak N, Yalamarty SSK, Li X, Parveen F, Torchilin V. Developments in Treatment Methodologies Using Dendrimers for Infectious Diseases. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 26:molecules26113304. [PMID: 34072765 PMCID: PMC8198206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers comprise a specific group of macromolecules, which combine structural properties of both single molecules and long expanded polymers. The three-dimensional form of dendrimers and the extensive possibilities for use of additional substrates for their construction creates a multivalent potential and a wide possibility for medical, diagnostic and environmental purposes. Depending on their composition and structure, dendrimers have been of interest in many fields of science, ranging from chemistry, biotechnology to biochemical applications. These compounds have found wide application from the production of catalysts for their use as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral agents. Of particular interest are peptide dendrimers as a medium for transport of therapeutic substances: synthetic vaccines against parasites, bacteria and viruses, contrast agents used in MRI, antibodies and genetic material. This review focuses on the description of the current classes of dendrimers, the methodology for their synthesis and briefly drawbacks of their properties and their use as potential therapies against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Satya Siva Kishan Yalamarty
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Farzana Parveen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- The Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Vladimir Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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21
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Flores-Mejía R, Fragoso-Vázquez MJ, Pérez-Blas LG, Parra-Barrera A, Hernández-Castro SS, Estrada-Pérez AR, Rodrígues J, Lara-Padilla E, Ortiz-Morales A, Correa-Basurto J. Chemical characterization (LC-MS-ESI), cytotoxic activity and intracellular localization of PAMAM G4 in leukemia cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8210. [PMID: 33859258 PMCID: PMC8050087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation 4 of polyamidoamine dendrimer (G4-PAMAM) has several biological effects due to its tridimensional globular structure, repetitive branched amides, tertiary amines, and amino-terminal subunit groups liked to a common core. G4-PAMAM is cytotoxic due to its positive charges. However, its cytotoxicity could increase in cancer cells due to the excessive intracellular negative charges in these cells. Furthermore, this work reports G4-PAMAM chemical structural characterization using UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS (LC-MS) by electrospray ionization to measure its population according to its positive charges. Additionally, the antiproliferative effects and intracellular localization were explored in the HMC-1 and K-562 cell lines by confocal microscopy. The LC-MS results show that G4-PAMAM generated multivalent mass spectrum values, and its protonated terminal amino groups produced numerous positive charges, which allowed us to determine its exact mass despite having a high molecular weight. Additionally, G4-PAMAM showed antiproliferative activity in the HMC-1 tumor cell line after 24 h (IC50 = 16.97 µM), 48 h (IC50 = 7.02 µM) and 72 h (IC50 = 5.98 µM) and in the K-562 cell line after 24 h (IC50 = 15.14 µM), 48 h (IC50 = 14.18 µM) and 72 h (IC50 = 9.91 µM). Finally, our results showed that the G4-PAMAM dendrimers were located in the cytoplasm and nucleus in both tumor cell lines studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Flores-Mejía
- Laboratorio 103, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - M J Fragoso-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - L G Pérez-Blas
- Laboratorio 103, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - A Parra-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa y Estudios del Cancer, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - S S Hernández-Castro
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotécnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A R Estrada-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotécnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - J Rodrígues
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
- School of Materials Science and Engineering/Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - E Lara-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A Ortiz-Morales
- Laboratorio 103, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - J Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotécnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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22
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Flores-Mejía R, Fragoso-Vázquez MJ, Pérez-Blas LG, Parra-Barrera A, Hernández-Castro SS, Estrada-Pérez AR, Rodrígues J, Lara-Padilla E, Ortiz-Morales A, Correa-Basurto J. Chemical characterization (LC–MS–ESI), cytotoxic activity and intracellular localization of PAMAM G4 in leukemia cells. Sci Rep 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGeneration 4 of polyamidoamine dendrimer (G4-PAMAM) has several biological effects due to its tridimensional globular structure, repetitive branched amides, tertiary amines, and amino-terminal subunit groups liked to a common core. G4-PAMAM is cytotoxic due to its positive charges. However, its cytotoxicity could increase in cancer cells due to the excessive intracellular negative charges in these cells. Furthermore, this work reports G4-PAMAM chemical structural characterization using UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS (LC–MS) by electrospray ionization to measure its population according to its positive charges. Additionally, the antiproliferative effects and intracellular localization were explored in the HMC-1 and K-562 cell lines by confocal microscopy. The LC–MS results show that G4-PAMAM generated multivalent mass spectrum values, and its protonated terminal amino groups produced numerous positive charges, which allowed us to determine its exact mass despite having a high molecular weight. Additionally, G4-PAMAM showed antiproliferative activity in the HMC-1 tumor cell line after 24 h (IC50 = 16.97 µM), 48 h (IC50 = 7.02 µM) and 72 h (IC50 = 5.98 µM) and in the K-562 cell line after 24 h (IC50 = 15.14 µM), 48 h (IC50 = 14.18 µM) and 72 h (IC50 = 9.91 µM). Finally, our results showed that the G4-PAMAM dendrimers were located in the cytoplasm and nucleus in both tumor cell lines studied.
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Moorthy H, Govindaraju T. Dendrimer Architectonics to Treat Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases with Implications in Theranostics and Personalized Medicine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1115-1139. [PMID: 35014470 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Integration of diagnostic and therapeutic functions in a single platform namely theranostics has become a cornerstone for personalized medicine. Theranostics platform facilitates noninvasive detection and treatment while allowing the monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy in case of chronic conditions of cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Theranostic tools function by themselves or with the aid of carrier, viz. liposomes, micelles, polymers, or dendrimers. The dendrimer architectures (DA) are well-characterized molecular nanoobjects with a large number of terminal functional groups to enhance solubility and offer multivalency and multifunctional properties. Various noninvasive diagnostic tools like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), gamma scintigraphy, and optical techniques have been accomplished utilizing DAs for simultaneous imaging and drug delivery. Obstacles in the formulation design, drug loading, payload delivery, biocompatibility, overcoming cellular membrane and blood-brain barrier (BBB), and systemic circulation remain a bottleneck in translational efforts. This review focuses on the diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic potential of DA-based nanocarriers in treating cancer and neurodegenerative disorders like AD and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. In view of the inverse relationship between cancer and AD, designing suitable DA-based theranostic nanodrug with high selectivity has tremendous implications in personalized medicine to treat cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariharan Moorthy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and The School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and The School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
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Liaw K, Sharma R, Sharma A, Salazar S, Appiani La Rosa S, Kannan RM. Systemic dendrimer delivery of triptolide to tumor-associated macrophages improves anti-tumor efficacy and reduces systemic toxicity in glioblastoma. J Control Release 2021; 329:434-444. [PMID: 33290796 PMCID: PMC7904646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel delivery strategies are necessary to effectively address glioblastoma without systemic toxicities. Triptolide is a therapy derived from the thunder god vine that has shown potent anti-proliferative and immunosuppressive properties but exhibits significant adverse systemic effects. Dendrimer-based nanomedicines have shown great potential for clinical translation of systemic therapies targeting neuroinflammation and brain tumors. Here we present a novel dendrimer-triptolide conjugate that specifically targets tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in glioblastoma from systemic administration and exhibits triggered release under intracellular and intratumor conditions. This targeted delivery improves phenotype switching of TAMs from pro- towards anti-tumor expression in vitro. In an orthotopic model of glioblastoma, dendrimer-triptolide achieved significantly improved amelioration of tumor burden compared to free triptolide. Notably, the triggered release mechanism of dendrimer-mediated triptolide delivery significantly reduced triptolide-associated hepatic and cardiac toxicities. These results demonstrate that dendrimers are a promising targeted delivery platform to achieve effective glioblastoma treatment by improving efficacy while reducing systemic toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Liaw
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Sebastian Salazar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Santiago Appiani La Rosa
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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25
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Ortiz N, Vásquez PA, Vidal F, Díaz CF, Guzmán JL, Jiménez VA, Alderete JB. Polyamidoamine-based nanovector for the efficient delivery of methotrexate to U87 glioma cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2771-2784. [PMID: 33073670 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design a polyamidoamine (PAMAM)-based nanovector for the efficient delivery of methotrexate to U87 glioma cells. To this end, 0-100% acetylated PAMAM dendrimers of the fourth generation were synthesized and evaluated using drug encapsulation measurements, molecular dynamics simulations, neurotoxicity assays and neuronal internalization experiments. The best system was tested as a nanovector for methotrexate delivery to U87 glioma cells. The authors found that 25% acetylated PAMAM dendrimers of the fourth-generation combine low intrinsic toxicity, large drug complexation capacity and efficient internalization into hippocampal neurons. Nanovector complexation enhances the cytotoxic response of methotrexate against U87 glioma cells compared with free drug solutions. In conclusion, 25% acetylated PAMAM dendrimers of the fourth-generation increase drug uptake by glioma cells and thereby act as efficient nanovectors for methotrexate delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ortiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Pilar A Vásquez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Felipe Vidal
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Carola F Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Talcahuano 4260000, Chile
| | - José L Guzmán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Verónica A Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Talcahuano 4260000, Chile
| | - Joel B Alderete
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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Martín-Moreno A, Jiménez Blanco JL, Mosher J, Swanson DR, García Fernández JM, Sharma A, Ceña V, Muñoz-Fernández MA. Nanoparticle-Delivered HIV Peptides to Dendritic Cells a Promising Approach to Generate a Therapeutic Vaccine. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070656. [PMID: 32664555 PMCID: PMC7407655 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Finding a functional cure for HIV-1 infection will markedly decrease the social and economic burden of this disease. In this work, we have taken advantage of the antigen presenting cell role of human dendritic cells (DCs) to try to induce an immune response to HIV-derived peptide delivered to DCs using two different polycationic nanoparticles: a G4 PAMAM dendrimer modified to a 70/30 ratio of hydroxyl groups/amines and a cyclodextrin derivative. We have studied peptide delivery using a fluorescence peptide and have studied the immune response generation by cytokine determination and flow cytometry. We have found a robust delivery of the antigenic peptide to DCs and activated dendritic cell-mediated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation using the mixed lymphocyte reaction. However, no expression of markers indicating activation of either B or T lymphocytes was observed. Moreover, the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α or IL-2 was only observed when DCs treated with either the dendrimer or the dendriplex containing the peptide. Antigenic peptide delivery to DCs is a promising approach to generate a vaccine against HIV-1 infection. However, more studies, including the simultaneous delivery of several antigenic peptides from different viral proteins, can markedly improve the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Martín-Moreno
- Section of Immunology, ImmunoBiology Molecular Laboratory, Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José L. Jiménez Blanco
- Department of. Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Jamie Mosher
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (J.M.); (D.R.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Douglas R. Swanson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (J.M.); (D.R.S.); (A.S.)
| | | | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (J.M.); (D.R.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Valentín Ceña
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain;
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - María Angeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Section of Immunology, ImmunoBiology Molecular Laboratory, Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: or
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Srinageshwar B, Florendo M, Clark B, Johnson K, Munro N, Peruzzaro S, Antcliff A, Andrews M, Figacz A, Swanson D, Dunbar GL, Sharma A, Rossignol J. A Mixed-Surface Polyamidoamine Dendrimer for In Vitro and In Vivo Delivery of Large Plasmids. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E619. [PMID: 32635142 PMCID: PMC7407876 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the brain is highly hindered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents the entry of many potential drugs/biomolecules into the brain. One of the current strategies to achieve gene therapy for neurodegenerative diseases involves direct injection of a viral vector into the brain. There are various disadvantages of viral vectors, including limitations of cargo size and safety concerns. Nanomolecules, such as dendrimers, serve as an excellent alternative to viral delivery. In this study, as proof-of-concept, we used a surface-modified dendrimer complex and delivered large plasmids to cells in vitro and in vivo in healthy rats via intracranial injection. The dendrimers were biodegradable by chemicals found within cells and toxicity assays revealed that the modified dendrimers were much less toxic than unmodified amine-surface dendrimers. As mentioned in our previous publication, these dendrimers with appropriately modified surfaces are safe, can deliver large plasmids to the brain, and can overcome the cargo size limitations associated with viral vectors. The biocompatibility of this dendritic nanomolecule and the ability to finely tune its surface chemistry provides a gene delivery system that could facilitate future in vivo cellular reprograming and other gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhairavi Srinageshwar
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Maria Florendo
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
| | - Brittany Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.C.); (K.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Kayla Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.C.); (K.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Nikolas Munro
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Sarah Peruzzaro
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Aaron Antcliff
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Melissa Andrews
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Alexander Figacz
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
| | - Douglas Swanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.C.); (K.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Gary L. Dunbar
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
- Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary’s of Michigan, Saginaw, MI 48604, USA
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.C.); (K.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Julien Rossignol
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (B.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.F.)
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (N.M.); (S.P.); (G.L.D.)
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
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Czarnik-Kwaśniak J, Kwaśniak K, Tutaj K, Filiks I, Uram Ł, Stompor M, Wołowiec S. Glucoheptoamidated polyamidoamine PAMAM G3 dendrimer as a vehicle for succinate linked doxorubicin; enhanced toxicity of DOX against grade IV glioblastoma U-118 MG cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Carvalho MR, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Dendrimer nanoparticles for colorectal cancer applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1128-1138. [PMID: 31971528 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer nanotechnology is a prolific field of research, where nanotools are employed to diagnose and treat cancer with unprecedented precision. Targeted drug delivery is fundamental for more efficient cancer treatments. For this, nanoparticles have been extensively used during the past few years in order to improve the specificity, selectivity and controlled release of drug delivery. It holds potential in minimizing systemic toxicity through the development of functionalized particles for targeted treatment. Among all the type of nanoparticles, dendrimers display several advantages, which make them ideal candidates for improved and targeted drug delivery in cancer research. Dendrimers can transport large amounts of drug into specific areas. In addition, they can be employed for monitoring the progress of the treatment process, with an unprecedented theranostic capability. Special emphasis is given to colorectal cancer and to the preferred employed strategies for producing drug-loaded/functionalized NPs for cancer therapy in the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Carvalho
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal and The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - R L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal and The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal and The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
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30
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Current Therapeutic Strategies for Glioblastoma. Brain Sci 2019; 10:brainsci10010015. [PMID: 31888004 PMCID: PMC7016852 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GB) are grade 4 brain tumors, one of the most aggressive forms of brain cancer found in humans. Although current treatments for GB are largely ineffective, new alternate approaches, beyond standard chemo- or radiation therapies have shown promising results in both pre-clinical and clinical settings. Some of these approaches include stem cell therapy, new pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, and the use of tumor specific peptides or GB-targeted antibodies and immune-based therapies. A common limitation in the efficacy of these treatments is the inability of these therapeutic agents to readily cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the tumor site. Therefore, many strategies are being developed to achieve targeted delivery of drugs across the BBB so that they can kill the cancer cells, while sparing healthy tissue. One of the most promising new approaches involves the use of nanoparticles that can carry therapeutic drugs and genes across the BBB and home in on the GB tumor site.
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Smith RJ, Gorman CB, Menegatti S. DendriPeps: Expanding Dendrimer Functionality by Hybridizing Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) Scaffolds with Peptide Segments. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900325. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Smith
- Department of ChemistryNorth Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695‐7905 USA
| | | | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNorth Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695‐7905 USA
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Srinageshwar B, Dils A, Sturgis J, Wedster A, Kathirvelu B, Baiyasi S, Swanson D, Sharma A, Dunbar GL, Rossignol J. Surface-Modified G4 PAMAM Dendrimers Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier Following Multiple Tail-Vein Injections in C57BL/6J Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4145-4150. [PMID: 31390175 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracranial injections are currently used to deliver drugs into the brain, as most drugs cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following systemic injections. Moreover, multiple dosing is difficult with invasive techniques. Therefore, viable systemic techniques are necessary to facilitate treatment paradigms that require multiple dosing of therapeutics across the BBB. In this study, we show that mixed-surface fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers containing predominantly biocompatible hydroxyl groups and a few amine groups are taken up by cultured primary cortical neurons derived from mouse embryo. We also show that these dendrimers cross the BBB following their administration to healthy mice in multiple doses via tail-vein injections and are taken up by neurons and the glial cells as evidenced by appropriate staining methods. Besides the brain, the dendrimers were found mostly in the kidneys compared to other peripheral organs, such as liver, lungs, and spleen, implying that they may be readily excreted, thereby preventing potential toxic accumulation in the body. Our findings provide a proof-of-concept that appropriate surface modifications of dendrimers provide safe, biocompatible nanomaterial with the potential to deliver therapeutic cargo across the BBB into the brain via multiple tail-vein injections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gary L. Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary’s of Michigan, Saginaw 48604, Michigan, United States
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Samal J, Rebelo AL, Pandit A. A window into the brain: Tools to assess pre-clinical efficacy of biomaterials-based therapies on central nervous system disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:68-145. [PMID: 30710594 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic conveyance into the brain is a cardinal requirement for treatment of diverse central nervous system (CNS) disorders and associated pathophysiology. Effectual shielding of the brain by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) sieves out major proportion of therapeutics with the exception of small lipophilic molecules. Various nano-delivery systems (NDS) provide an effective solution around this obstacle owing to their small size and targeting properties. To date, these systems have been used for several pre-clinical disease models including glioma, neurodegenerative diseases and psychotic disorders. An efficacy screen for these systems involves a test battery designed to probe into the multiple facets of therapeutic delivery. Despite their wide application in redressing various disease targets, the efficacy evaluation strategies for all can be broadly grouped into four modalities, namely: histological, bio-imaging, molecular and behavioural. This review presents a comprehensive insight into all of these modalities along with their strengths and weaknesses as well as perspectives on an ideal design for a panel of tests to screen brain nano-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Samal
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ana Lucia Rebelo
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Nanoformulation properties, characterization, and behavior in complex biological matrices: Challenges and opportunities for brain-targeted drug delivery applications and enhanced translational potential. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:146-180. [PMID: 30797956 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarriers (synthetic/cell-based have attracted enormous interest for various therapeutic indications, including neurodegenerative disorders. A broader understanding of the impact of nanomedicines design is now required to enhance their translational potential. Nanoformulations in vivo journey is significantly affected by their physicochemical properties including the size, shape, hydrophobicity, elasticity, and surface charge/chemistry/morphology, which play a role as an interface with the biological environment. Understanding protein corona formation is crucial in characterizing nanocarriers and evaluating their interactions with biological systems. In this review, the types and properties of the brain-targeted nanocarriers are discussed. The biological factors and nanocarriers properties affecting their in vivo behavior are elaborated. The compositional description of cell culture and biological matrices, including proteins potentially relevant to protein corona built-up on nanoformulation especially for brain administration, is provided. Analytical techniques of characterizing nanocarriers in complex matrices, their advantages, limitations, and implementation challenges in industrial GMP environment are discussed. The uses of orthogonal complementary characterization approaches of nanocarriers are also covered.
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Smith ES, Porterfield JE, Kannan RM. Leveraging the interplay of nanotechnology and neuroscience: Designing new avenues for treating central nervous system disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:181-203. [PMID: 30844410 PMCID: PMC7043366 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has the potential to open many novel diagnostic and treatment avenues for disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, we discuss recent developments in the applications of nanotechnology in CNS therapies, diagnosis and biology. Novel approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of neuroinflammation, brain dysfunction, psychiatric conditions, brain cancer, and nerve injury provide insights into the potential of nanomedicine. We also highlight nanotechnology-enabled neuroscience techniques such as electrophysiology and intracellular sampling to improve our understanding of the brain and its components. With nanotechnology integrally involved in the advancement of basic neuroscience and the development of novel treatments, combined diagnostic and therapeutic applications have begun to emerge. Nanotheranostics for the brain, able to achieve single-cell resolution, will hasten the rate in which we can diagnose, monitor, and treat diseases. Taken together, the recent advances highlighted in this review demonstrate the prospect for significant improvements to clinical diagnosis and treatment of a vast array of neurological diseases. However, it is apparent that a strong dialogue between the nanoscience and neuroscience communities will be critical for the development of successful nanotherapeutics that move to the clinic, benefit patients, and address unmet needs in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Smith
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joshua E Porterfield
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rangaramanujam M Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University for Cerebral Palsy Research Excellence, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Akhtar S, Chandrasekhar B, Yousif MH, Renno W, Benter IF, El-Hashim AZ. Chronic administration of nano-sized PAMAM dendrimers in vivo inhibits EGFR-ERK1/2-ROCK signaling pathway and attenuates diabetes-induced vascular remodeling and dysfunction. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 18:78-89. [PMID: 30844576 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether chronic administration of nano-sized polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers can have beneficial effects on diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction by inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-ERK1/2-Rho kinase (ROCK)-a pathway known to be critical in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Daily administration of naked PAMAMs for up to 4 weeks to streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats inhibited EGFR-ERK1/2-ROCK signaling and improved diabetes-induced vascular remodeling and dysfunction in a dose, generation (G6 > G5) and surface chemistry-dependent manner (cationic > anionic > neutral). PAMAMs, AG1478 (a selective EGFR inhibitor), or anti-EGFR siRNA also inhibited vascular EGFR-ERK1/2-ROCK signaling in vitro. These data showed that naked PAMAM dendrimers have the propensity to modulate key (e.g. EGFR) cell signaling cascades with associated pharmacological consequences in vivo that are dependent on their physicochemical properties. Thus, PAMAMs, alone or in combination with vasculoprotective agents, may have a beneficial role in the potential treatment of diabetes-induced vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Akhtar
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | - Mariam Hm Yousif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Waleed Renno
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Ibrahim F Benter
- Faculty of Medicine, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus
| | - Ahmed Z El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University.
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Munro N, Srinageshwar B, Shalabi F, Florendo M, Otero P, Thompson C, Kippe J, Malkowski C, Climie S, Stewart AN, Kim R, Zhou J, Swanson D, Dunbar GL, Sharma A, Rossignol J. A novel approach to label bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with mixed-surface PAMAM dendrimers. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:71. [PMID: 30819246 PMCID: PMC6393977 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells has created enormous opportunities as a potential treatment for various diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Given current techniques, such as Hoechst labeling, have safety and leakage issues, our study focused, as a proof-of-concept, on a new dendrimer-based technique for labeling these stem cells to ensure their efficacy and safety following transplantation into the brain of a healthy mice. Methods and results The bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were labeled using polyaminoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers following which their stemness based on their proliferation and differentiation ability were analyzed by gold standard methods. These labeled BM-MSCs were transplanted into the striatum of C57BL/6J mice and were tracked using in vivo imaging system (IVIS) and analyzed using tissue imaging, 2 weeks after transplantation. Our results showed that the dendrimer-labeled BM-MSCs were able to successfully maintain their stemness and were tracked in vivo following transplantation. Unlike Hoechst, we did not find the dendrimers to be leaking out of the cells and were very specific to the cells that up took the dendrimers. Moreover, no adverse events were found in the transplanted animals proving that this is a safer method. Conclusions Labeling BM-MSCs using fluorescently tagged PAMAM dendrimers can be used as a potentially safe and efficient method for labeling cells, particularly stem cells, in vitro and in vivo following transplantation in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Munro
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Bhairavi Srinageshwar
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Firas Shalabi
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Maria Florendo
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Paulina Otero
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Cassandra Thompson
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Jordyn Kippe
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Clayton Malkowski
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Sydney Climie
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Andrew N Stewart
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Rachel Kim
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Joseph Zhou
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Douglas Swanson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Gary L Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute, Saginaw, MI, USA
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Julien Rossignol
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA. .,Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA. .,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.
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Teleanu DM, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Teleanu RI. Neuronanomedicine: An Up-to-Date Overview. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E101. [PMID: 30813646 PMCID: PMC6471564 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of neuronanomedicine has recently emerged as the bridge between neurological sciences and nanotechnology. The possibilities of this novel perspective are promising for the diagnosis and treatment strategies of severe central nervous system disorders. Therefore, the development of nano-vehicles capable of permeating the blood⁻brain barrier (BBB) and reaching the brain parenchyma may lead to breakthrough therapies that could improve life expectancy and quality of the patients diagnosed with brain disorders. The aim of this review is to summarize the recently developed organic, inorganic, and biological nanocarriers that could be used for the delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents to the brain, as well as the latest studies on the use of nanomaterials in brain cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and stroke. Additionally, the main challenges and limitations associated with the use of these nanocarriers are briefly presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mihai Teleanu
- Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 060042Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 060042Bucharest, Romania.
- ICUB-Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 36-46 M. Kogalniceanu Blvd., 050107 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Raluca Ioana Teleanu
- "Dr. Victor Gomoiu" Clinical Children's Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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Nanotherapeutics Engineered to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier for Advanced Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System. J IND ENG CHEM 2019; 73:8-18. [PMID: 31588177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery to the brain remains challenging mainly due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that regulates the entrance of substances to the brain. Advances in nanotechnology have enabled the engineering of nanomedicines for biomedical applications including enhanced drug delivery into the brain. In this review, we describe strategies of nanomedicines engineered to traverse the BBB and deliver therapeutic molecules to target brain sites. We highlight the representative applications with materials including polymers, lipids, and inorganic elements for brain drug delivery. We finalize this review with the current challenges and future perspective of nanotherapeutics for advanced drug delivery to the brain.
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40
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Teleanu DM, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Teleanu RI. Neurotoxicity of Nanomaterials: An Up-to-Date Overview. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9010096. [PMID: 30642104 PMCID: PMC6359621 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The field of nanotechnology, through which nanomaterials are designed, characterized, produced, and applied, is rapidly emerging in various fields, including energy, electronics, food and agriculture, environmental science, cosmetics, and medicine. The most common biomedical applications of nanomaterials involve drug delivery, bioimaging, and gene and cancer therapy. Since they possess unique properties which are different than bulk materials, toxic effects and long-term impacts on organisms are not completely known. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to emphasize the main neurotoxic effects induced by nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots, as well as the key neurotoxicology assays to evaluate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mihai Teleanu
- Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania.
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Engineering in Foreign Languages, Politehnica University of Bucharest, București 060042, Romania.
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest 060041, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest 060041, Romania.
- ICUB-Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 36-46 M. Kogalniceanu Blvd., Bucharest 050107, Romania.
| | - Raluca Ioana Teleanu
- Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania.
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41
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Santos SD, Xavier M, Leite DM, Moreira DA, Custódio B, Torrado M, Castro R, Leiro V, Rodrigues J, Tomás H, Pêgo AP. PAMAM dendrimers: blood-brain barrier transport and neuronal uptake after focal brain ischemia. J Control Release 2018; 291:65-79. [PMID: 30308255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery to the central nervous system is restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, with the onset of stroke, the BBB becomes leaky, providing a window of opportunity to passively target the brain. Here, cationic poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of different generations were functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to reduce cytotoxicity and prolong blood circulation half-life, aiming for a safe in vivo drug delivery system in a stroke scenario. Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) was covalently tethered to the dendrimer backbone and used as a small surrogate drug as well as for tracking purposes. The biocompatibility of PAMAM was markedly increased by PEGylation as a function of dendrimer generation and degree of functionalization. The PEGylated RITC-modified dendrimers did not affect the integrity of an in vitro BBB model. Additionally, the functionalized dendrimers remained safe when in contact with the bEnd.3 cells and rat primary astrocytes composing the in vitro BBB model after hypoxia induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Modification with PEG also decreased the interaction and uptake by endothelial cells of PAMAM, indicating that the transport across a leaky BBB due to focal brain ischemia would be facilitated. Next, the functionalized dendrimers were tested in contact with red blood cells showing no haemolysis for the PEGylated PAMAM, in contrast to the unmodified dendrimer. Interestingly, the PEG-modified dendrimers reduced blood clotting, which may be an added beneficial function in the context of stroke. The optimized PAMAM formulation was intravenously administered in mice after inducing permanent focal brain ischemia. Twenty-four hours after administration, dendrimers could be detected in the brain, including in neurons of the ischemic cortex. Our results suggest that the proposed formulation has the potential for becoming a successful delivery vector for therapeutic application to the injured brain after stroke reaching the ischemic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia D Santos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Xavier
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana M Leite
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Débora A Moreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Custódio
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marília Torrado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Castro
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Victoria Leiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Ana P Pêgo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, R. de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Santos SD, Xavier M, Leite DM, Moreira DA, Custódio B, Torrado M, Castro R, Leiro V, Rodrigues J, Tomás H, Pêgo AP. PAMAM dendrimers: blood-brain barrier transport and neuronal uptake after focal brain ischemia. J Control Release 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Araújo RVD, Santos SDS, Igne Ferreira E, Giarolla J. New Advances in General Biomedical Applications of PAMAM Dendrimers. Molecules 2018; 23:E2849. [PMID: 30400134 PMCID: PMC6278347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are nanoscopic compounds, which are monodispersed, and they are generally considered as homogeneous. PAMAM (polyamidoamine) was introduced in 1985, by Donald A. Tomalia, as a new class of polymers, named 'starburst polymers'. This important contribution of Professor Tomalia opened a new research field involving nanotechnological approaches. From then on, many groups have been using PAMAM for diverse applications in many areas, including biomedical applications. The possibility of either linking drugs and bioactive compounds, or entrapping them into the dendrimer frame can improve many relevant biological properties, such as bioavailability, solubility, and selectivity. Directing groups to reach selective delivery in a specific organ is one of the advanced applications of PAMAM. In this review, structural and safety aspects of PAMAM and its derivatives are discussed, and some relevant applications are briefly presented. Emphasis has been given to gene delivery and targeting drugs, as advanced delivery systems using PAMAM and an incentive for its use on neglected diseases are briefly mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Vinicius de Araújo
- Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutics Potentially Active in Neglected Diseases (LAPEN), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo-USP, 580⁻Building 13, São Paulo SP 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Soraya da Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutics Potentially Active in Neglected Diseases (LAPEN), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo-USP, 580⁻Building 13, São Paulo SP 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Elizabeth Igne Ferreira
- Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutics Potentially Active in Neglected Diseases (LAPEN), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo-USP, 580⁻Building 13, São Paulo SP 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutics Potentially Active in Neglected Diseases (LAPEN), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo-USP, 580⁻Building 13, São Paulo SP 05508-900, Brazil.
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Karthivashan G, Ganesan P, Park SY, Kim JS, Choi DK. Therapeutic strategies and nano-drug delivery applications in management of ageing Alzheimer's disease. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:307-320. [PMID: 29350055 PMCID: PMC6058502 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1428243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidental rate of neurodegenerative disorders has increased proportionately with the aging population. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most commonly reported neurodegenerative disorders, and it is estimated to increase by roughly 30% among the aged population. In spite of screening numerous drug candidates against various molecular targets of AD, only a few candidates - such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are currently utilized as an effective clinical therapy. However, targeted drug delivery of these drugs to the central nervous system (CNS) exhibits several limitations including meager solubility, low bioavailability, and reduced efficiency due to the impediments of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Current advances in nanotechnology present opportunities to overcome such limitations in delivering active drug candidates. Nanodrug delivery systems are promising in targeting several therapeutic moieties by easing the penetration of drug molecules across the CNS and improving their bioavailability. Recently, a wide range of nano-carriers, such as polymers, emulsions, lipo-carriers, solid lipid carriers, carbon nanotubes, metal based carriers etc., have been adapted to develop successful therapeutics with sustained release and improved efficacy. Here, we discuss few recently updated nano-drug delivery applications that have been adapted in the field of AD therapeutics, and future prospects on potential molecular targets for nano-drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindarajan Karthivashan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Palanivel Ganesan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Nanotechnology research center, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate school of Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Soo Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate school of Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate school of Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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Florendo M, Figacz A, Srinageshwar B, Sharma A, Swanson D, Dunbar GL, Rossignol J. Use of Polyamidoamine Dendrimers in Brain Diseases. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092238. [PMID: 30177605 PMCID: PMC6225146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are one of the smallest and most precise nanomolecules available today, which have promising applications for the treatment of brain diseases. Each aspect of the dendrimer (core, size or generation, size of cavities, and surface functional groups) can be precisely modulated to yield a variety of nanocarriers for delivery of drugs and genes to brain cells in vitro or in vivo. Two of the most important criteria to consider when using PAMAM dendrimers for neuroscience applications is their safety profile and their potential to be prepared in a reproducible manner. Based on these criteria, features of PAMAM dendrimers are described to help the neuroscience researcher to judiciously choose the right type of dendrimer and the appropriate method for loading the drug to form a safe and effective delivery system to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Florendo
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Alexander Figacz
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Bhairavi Srinageshwar
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Douglas Swanson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Gary L Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary's of Michigan, Saginaw, MI 48604, USA.
| | - Julien Rossignol
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
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Gothwal A, Nakhate KT, Alexander A, Ajazuddin, Gupta U. Boosted Memory and Improved Brain Bioavailability of Rivastigmine: Targeting Effort to the Brain Using Covalently Tethered Lower Generation PAMAM Dendrimers with Lactoferrin. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4538-4549. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Gothwal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Kartik T. Nakhate
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka Road, Kurud, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka Road, Kurud, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka Road, Kurud, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
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Tietjen GT, Bracaglia LG, Saltzman WM, Pober JS. Focus on Fundamentals: Achieving Effective Nanoparticle Targeting. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:598-606. [PMID: 29884540 PMCID: PMC6028308 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Successful molecular targeting of nanoparticle drug carriers can enhance therapeutic specificity and reduce systemic toxicity. Typically, ligands specific for cognate receptors expressed on the intended target cell type are conjugated to the nanoparticle surface. This approach, often called active targeting, seems to imply that the conjugated ligand imbues the nanoparticle with homing capacity. However, ligand-receptor interactions are mediated by short-range forces and cannot produce magnetic-like attraction over larger distances. Successful targeting actually involves two key characteristics: contact of the nanoparticle with the intended target cell and subsequent ligand-mediated retention at the site. Here we propose a conceptual framework, based on recent literature combined with basic principles of molecular interactions, to guide rational design of nanoparticle targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T Tietjen
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Laura G Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Moscariello P, Ng DYW, Jansen M, Weil T, Luhmann HJ, Hedrich J. Brain Delivery of Multifunctional Dendrimer Protein Bioconjugates. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700897. [PMID: 29876217 PMCID: PMC5979778 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are undoubtedly among the most alarming diseases humans might face. In treatment of neurological disorders, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a challenging obstacle preventing drug penetration into the brain. Advances in dendrimer chemistry for central nervous system (CNS) treatments are presented here. A poly(amido)amine (PAMAM) dendrimer bioconjugate with a streptavidin adapter for the attachment of dendrons or any biotinylated drug is constructed. In vitro studies on porcine or murine models and in vivo mouse studies are performed and reveal the permeation of dendronized streptavidin (DSA) into the CNS. The bioconjugate is taken up mainly by the caveolae pathway and transported across the BBB via transcytosis escaping from lysosomes. After transcytosis DSA are delivered to astrocytes and neurons. Furthermore, DSA offer high biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. In summary, a new strategy for implementing therapeutic PAMAM function as well as drug delivery in neuropathology is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Moscariello
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
| | - David Y. W. Ng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Malin Jansen
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Heiko J. Luhmann
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
| | - Jana Hedrich
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 6D‐55128MainzGermany
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Antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, and natural metabolites as novel approaches for cancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 183:160-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Naha PC, Mukherjee SP, Byrne HJ. Toxicology of Engineered Nanoparticles: Focus on Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020338. [PMID: 29443901 PMCID: PMC5858407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials are increasingly being developed for paints, sunscreens, cosmetics, industrial lubricants, tyres, semiconductor devices, and also for biomedical applications such as in diagnostics, therapeutics, and contrast agents. As a result, nanomaterials are being manufactured, transported, and used in larger and larger quantities, and potential impacts on environmental and human health have been raised. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are specifically suitable for biomedical applications. They are well-defined nanoscale molecules which contain a 2-carbon ethylenediamine core and primary amine groups at the surface. The systematically variable structural architecture and the large internal free volume make these dendrimers an attractive option for drug delivery and other biomedical applications. Due to the wide range of applications, the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) have included them in their list of nanoparticles which require toxicological assessment. Thus, the toxicological impact of these PAMAM dendrimers on human health and the environment is a matter of concern. In this review, the potential toxicological impact of PAMAM dendrimers on human health and environment is assessed, highlighting work to date exploring the toxicological effects of PAMAM dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap C Naha
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA-19104, USA.
| | - Sourav P Mukherjee
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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