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Muslihatin W, Wibowo AT, Manuhara YSW. Effect of light and cytokinin on growth and curculin gene expression of Curculigo latifolia on in vitro culture. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e280778. [PMID: 38922193 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.280778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite being valuable for producing a natural sweetener Curculin, Curculigo latifolia has a low growth and difficult to domestificate. So, to solve this problem, propagation on in vitro culture will be an alternative method to propagated this spesies under different cytokinins and light condition. Cytokinins and light has major role in organogenesis, growth and gene expression of many species. Thus, in this study, we aimed to improve the Curculigo latifolia growth on in vitro condition and expression of curculin gene by combining cytokinins addition and different light exposure. Four weeks seedlings were sub-cultured into medium (MS free hormone) containing 3 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) and various concentrations of meta-Topolin (mT) including 0.1 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 5 mg/L. The cultures then incubated under different light types (red, blue, white LED lights and white fluorescence light) with 16-h light/ 18-h dark photoperiod for 14 weeks at 25 ± 2°C. Several parameters, including plant height, leaf number, chlorophyll contents, stomatal structure, and density and curculin expression, were observed every week. Unexpectedly, our results showed that C. latifolia growth displayed significant improvement when it was treated under white LED light without any additional cytokinins. In sum, white LED light further improves plantlets phenotype, such as plant height, leaf number, chlorophyll production, and stomatal number and structure, whereas, red LED light lead to a decreased phenotypes but increase the curculin gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Muslihatin
- Airlangga University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Doctoral Study Program of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Department of Biology, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - A T Wibowo
- Airlangga University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Y S W Manuhara
- Airlangga University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Vajjiravel P, Nagarajan D, Pugazhenthi V, Suresh A, Sivalingam MK, Venkat A, Mahapatra PP, Razi K, Al Murad M, Bae DW, Notaguchi M, Seth CS, Muneer S. Circadian-based approach for improving physiological, phytochemical and chloroplast proteome in Spinacia oleracea under salinity stress and light emitting diodes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108350. [PMID: 38199026 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is a recognized annihilating abiotic stress that has a significant impact on agricultural and horticulture crop productivity. Plant development faces three distinct dangers as a result of salt stress: oxidative stress, osmotic stress, and ionic toxicity. It has been shown that plants can forecast diurnal patterns using the circadian clock; moreover, they can manage their defensive mechanism for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Circadian rhythmicity in gene expression assembles transcription and translation feedback networks to govern plant shape, physiology, cellular and molecular activities. Both external and internal variables influence the systemic rhythm via input routes. The Malav Jyoti (MJ) and Delhi Green (DG) genotypes of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were grown in the plant growth chamber. The chamber had an optimized temperature of 25 °C and humidity of 65% containing light emitting diode (LED) having Red: Blue: white (one side) and White fluorescent (other side) under salinity stress. The samples were collected on the basis of 4 h intervals of circadian hours (0 h, 4 h, 8 h and 12 h) during Day-10 and Day-20 of salt treatments. Under salt stress, the circadian and light-emitting diode-based strategy had a substantial influence on spinach's anti-oxidative responses, stomatal movement, CO2 assimilation, PS-I and II efficiency, phytochrome pigment efficiency, and photosynthesis. Based on the findings of the free radical scavenging enzyme tests, the photoperiodic hours for the proteome analysis were set to 11 am and 3 pm on Day-20. When compared to white fluorescent, this study found that LED has the capacity to influence the entrainment cues of the circadian clock in the cultivation of salt-sensitive spinach genotypes. According to our findings, changing the cellular scavenging mechanism and chloroplast proteome has increased the survival rate of spinach genotypes under LED when compared to white fluorescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Vajjiravel
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Divya Nagarajan
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Varsha Pugazhenthi
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Ajay Suresh
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Madhan Kumar Sivalingam
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Ajila Venkat
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Pritam Paramguru Mahapatra
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Kaukab Razi
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Musa Al Murad
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India; School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Dong Won Bae
- Central Instrument Facility, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Michitaka Notaguchi
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Sowbiya Muneer
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
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Sharma S, Sanyal SK, Sushmita K, Chauhan M, Sharma A, Anirudhan G, Veetil SK, Kateriya S. Modulation of Phototropin Signalosome with Artificial Illumination Holds Great Potential in the Development of Climate-Smart Crops. Curr Genomics 2021; 22:181-213. [PMID: 34975290 PMCID: PMC8640849 DOI: 10.2174/1389202922666210412104817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in environmental conditions like temperature and light critically influence crop production. To deal with these changes, plants possess various photoreceptors such as Phototropin (PHOT), Phytochrome (PHY), Cryptochrome (CRY), and UVR8 that work synergistically as sensor and stress sensing receptors to different external cues. PHOTs are capable of regulating several functions like growth and development, chloroplast relocation, thermomorphogenesis, metabolite accumulation, stomatal opening, and phototropism in plants. PHOT plays a pivotal role in overcoming the damage caused by excess light and other environmental stresses (heat, cold, and salinity) and biotic stress. The crosstalk between photoreceptors and phytohormones contributes to plant growth, seed germination, photo-protection, flowering, phototropism, and stomatal opening. Molecular genetic studies using gene targeting and synthetic biology approaches have revealed the potential role of different photoreceptor genes in the manipulation of various beneficial agronomic traits. Overexpression of PHOT2 in Fragaria ananassa leads to the increase in anthocyanin content in its leaves and fruits. Artificial illumination with blue light alone and in combination with red light influence the growth, yield, and secondary metabolite production in many plants, while in algal species, it affects growth, chlorophyll content, lipid production and also increases its bioremediation efficiency. Artificial illumination alters the morphological, developmental, and physiological characteristics of agronomic crops and algal species. This review focuses on PHOT modulated signalosome and artificial illumination-based photo-biotechnological approaches for the development of climate-smart crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Sharma
- Lab of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sibaji K Sanyal
- Lab of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kumari Sushmita
- Lab of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Manisha Chauhan
- Multidisciplinary Centre for Advanced Research and Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Multidisciplinary Centre for Advanced Research and Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Gireesh Anirudhan
- Integrated Science Education and Research Centre (ISERC), Institute of Science (Siksha Bhavana), Visva Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan (PO), West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Sindhu K Veetil
- Lab of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Suneel Kateriya
- Lab of Optobiology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Jung WS, Chung IM, Hwang MH, Kim SH, Yu CY, Ghimire BK. Application of Light-Emitting Diodes for Improving the Nutritional Quality and Bioactive Compound Levels of Some Crops and Medicinal Plants. Molecules 2021; 26:1477. [PMID: 33803168 PMCID: PMC7963184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is a key factor that affects phytochemical synthesis and accumulation in plants. Due to limitations of the environment or cultivated land, there is an urgent need to develop indoor cultivation systems to obtain higher yields with increased phytochemical concentrations using convenient light sources. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have several advantages, including consumption of lesser power, longer half-life, higher efficacy, and wider variation in the spectral wavelength than traditional light sources; therefore, these devices are preferred for in vitro culture and indoor plant growth. Moreover, LED irradiation of seedlings enhances plant biomass, nutrient and secondary metabolite levels, and antioxidant properties. Specifically, red and blue LED irradiation exerts strong effects on photosynthesis, stomatal functioning, phototropism, photomorphogenesis, and photosynthetic pigment levels. Additionally, ex vitro plantlet development and acclimatization can be enhanced by regulating the spectral properties of LEDs. Applying an appropriate LED spectral wavelength significantly increases antioxidant enzyme activity in plants, thereby enhancing the cell defense system and providing protection from oxidative damage. Since different plant species respond differently to lighting in the cultivation environment, it is necessary to evaluate specific wavebands before large-scale LED application for controlled in vitro plant growth. This review focuses on the most recent advances and applications of LEDs for in vitro culture organogenesis. The mechanisms underlying the production of different phytochemicals, including phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant enzymes, have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Suk Jung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (W.-S.J.); (I.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Ill-Min Chung
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (W.-S.J.); (I.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Myeong Ha Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea; (M.H.H.); (C.Y.Y.)
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (W.-S.J.); (I.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea; (M.H.H.); (C.Y.Y.)
| | - Bimal Kumar Ghimire
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (W.-S.J.); (I.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.)
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5
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Tanios S, Eyles A, Corkrey R, Tegg RS, Thangavel T, Wilson CR. Quantifying risk factors associated with light-induced potato tuber greening in retail stores. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235522. [PMID: 32946481 PMCID: PMC7500657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Light conditions in retail stores may contribute to potato greening. In this study, we aimed to develop a potato tuber greening risk rating model for retail stores based on light quality and intensity parameters. This was achieved by firstly exposing three potato varieties (Nicola, Maranca and Kennebec) to seven specific light wavelengths (370, 420, 450, 530, 630, 660 and 735 nm) to determine the tuber greening propensity. Detailed light quality and intensity measurements from 25 retail stores were then combined with the greening propensity data to develop a tuber greening risk rating model. Our study showed that maximum greening occurred under blue light (450 nm), while 53%, 65% and 75% less occurred under green (530 nm), red (660 nm) and orange (630 nm) light, respectively. Greening risk, which varied between stores, was found to be related to light intensity level, and partially explained potato stock loss in stores. Our results from this study suggested that other in-store management practices, including lighting duration, average potato turnover, and light protection during non-retail periods, likely influence tuber greening risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Tanios
- ARC Training Centre for Innovative Horticultural Products, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alieta Eyles
- ARC Training Centre for Innovative Horticultural Products, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ross Corkrey
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert S. Tegg
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Tamilarasan Thangavel
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Calum R. Wilson
- ARC Training Centre for Innovative Horticultural Products, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, New Town Research Laboratories, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
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Duan L, Ruiz-Sola MÁ, Couso A, Veciana N, Monte E. Red and blue light differentially impact retrograde signalling and photoprotection in rice. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190402. [PMID: 32362254 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling (RS) is known to impact plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis, we and others have shown that RS affects seedling establishment by inhibiting deetiolation. In the presence of lincomycin, a chloroplast protein synthesis inhibitor that triggers RS, Arabidopsis light-grown seedlings display partial skotomorphogenesis with undeveloped plastids and closed cotyledons. By contrast, RS in monocotyledonous has been much less studied. Here, we show that emerging rice seedlings exposed to lincomycin do not accumulate chlorophyll but otherwise remain remarkably unaffected. However, by using high red (R) and blue (B) monochromatic lights in combination with lincomycin, we have uncovered a RS inhibition of length and a reduction in the B light-induced declination of the second leaf. Furthermore, we present data showing that seedlings grown in high B and R light display different non-photochemical quenching capacity. Our findings support the view that excess B and R light impact seedling photomorphogenesis differently to photoprotect and optimize the response to high-light stress. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Duan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Águila Ruiz-Sola
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Couso
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nil Veciana
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Monte
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Gao S, Liu X, Liu Y, Cao B, Chen Z, Xu K. Photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) grown under different LED wavelengths. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:78. [PMID: 32066376 PMCID: PMC7027053 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimized illumination of plants using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is beneficial to their photosynthetic performance, and in recent years, LEDs have been widely used in horticultural facilities. However, there are significant differences in the responses of different crops to different wavelengths of light. Thus, the influence of artificial light on photosynthesis requires further investigation to provide theoretical guidelines for the light environments used in industrial crop production. In this study, we tested the effects of different LEDs (white, W; blue, B; green, G; yellow, Y; and red, R) with the same photon flux density (300 μmol/m2·s) on the growth, development, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, leaf structure, and chloroplast ultrastructure of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) plants. RESULTS Plants in the W and B treatments had significantly higher height, leaf area, and fresh weight than those in the other treatments. The photosynthetic pigment content and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in the W treatment were significantly higher than those in the monochromatic light treatments, the transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (Gs) were the highest in the B treatment, and the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was the highest in the Y treatment. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) was the highest in the Y treatment, but the other chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics differed among treatments in the following order: W > B > R > G > Y. This includes the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) under dark adaptation (Fv/Fm), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII under light adaptation (Fv'/Fm'), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), and apparent electron transport rate (ETR). Finally, the leaf structure and chloroplast ultrastructure showed the most complete development in the B treatment. CONCLUSIONS White and blue light significantly improved the photosynthetic efficiency of Welsh onions, whereas yellow light reduced the photosynthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xuena Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Bili Cao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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Ren X, Liu Y, Jeong HK, Jeong BR. Supplementary Light Source Affects the Growth and Development of Codonopsis lanceolata Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103074. [PMID: 30297684 PMCID: PMC6212986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Codonopsis lanceolata is widely used in traditional medicine and diets. However, there is no optimal protocol for the commercial production of C. lanceolata seedlings. This study was carried out to find the optimum supplementary light source for the production of C. lanceolata seedlings. Seedlings were grown for four weeks in a glasshouse with an average daily light intensity of 490 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) coming from the sun and a 16-h daily supplementary lighting at 120 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD from either high-pressure sodium (HPS), metal halide (MH), far-red (FR), white LED (LED-w), or mixed (white: red: blue = 1:2:1) LEDs (LED-mix). The results showed that the greatest total biomass, stem diameter, ratio of shoot weight to shoot length, root biomass, and ratio of root weight to shoot weight were found in seedlings grown under supplementary LED-mix. Meanwhile, the stomatal properties and soluble sugar contents were improved for seedlings in LED-mix. The contents of starch, total phenols, and flavonoids were the greatest for seedlings in LED-w and LED-mix. The expression of photosynthetic proteins and genes in seedlings was also enhanced by LED-mix. Overall, these results suggest that LED-mix is advantageous to the photosynthetic potential and the accumulation of biomass, carbohydrates and secondary metabolites in C. lanceolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Ren
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Ya Liu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Hai Kyoung Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Byoung Ryong Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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Lobiuc A, Vasilache V, Pintilie O, Stoleru T, Burducea M, Oroian M, Zamfirache MM. Blue and Red LED Illumination Improves Growth and Bioactive Compounds Contents in Acyanic and Cyanic Ocimum basilicum L. Microgreens. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122111. [PMID: 29189746 PMCID: PMC6150032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgreens are an excellent source of health-maintaining compounds, and the accumulation of these compounds in plant tissues may be stimulated by exogenous stimuli. While light quality effects on green basil microgreens are known, the present paper aims at improving the quality of acyanic (green) and cyanic (red) basil microgreens with different ratios of LED blue and red illumination. Growth, assimilatory and anthocyanin pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, total phenolic, flavonoids, selected phenolic acid contents and antioxidant activity were assessed in microgreens grown for 17 days. Growth of microgreens was enhanced with predominantly blue illumination, larger cotyledon area and higher fresh mass. The same treatment elevated chlorophyll a and anthocyanin pigments contents. Colored light treatments decreased chlorophyll fluorescence ΦPSII values significantly in the green cultivar. Stimulation of phenolic synthesis and free radical scavenging activity were improved by predominantly red light in the green cultivar (up to 1.87 fold) and by predominantly blue light in the red cultivar (up to 1.73 fold). Rosmarinic and gallic acid synthesis was higher (up to 15- and 4-fold, respectively, compared to white treatment) in predominantly blue illumination. Red and blue LED ratios can be tailored to induce superior growth and phenolic contents in both red and green basil microgreens, as a convenient tool for producing higher quality foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Lobiuc
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan Cel Mare University, Universitatii Street 13, 720229 Suceava, Romania.
- CERNESIM Research Center, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Carol I Boulevard 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Viorica Vasilache
- Interdisciplinary Research Department-Field Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Lascar Catargi 54, 700107 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Olga Pintilie
- Faculty of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Carol I Boulevard 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Toma Stoleru
- Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Carol I Boulevard 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Marian Burducea
- Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Carol I Boulevard 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Mircea Oroian
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan Cel Mare University, Universitatii Street 13, 720229 Suceava, Romania.
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Response of Eustoma Leaf Phenotype and Photosynthetic Performance to LED Light Quality. HORTICULTURAE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae3040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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