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Berezin AE, Berezin AA. Extracellular vesicles in heart failure. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 119:1-32. [PMID: 38514208 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Physiologically, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been implicated as crucial mediators of immune response, cell homeostasis, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and growth, and tissue repair. In heart failure (HF) they may act as regulators of cardiac remodeling, microvascular inflammation, micro environmental changes, tissue fibrosis, atherosclerosis, neovascularization of plaques, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and reciprocal heart-remote organ interaction. The chapter summaries the nomenclature, isolation, detection of EVs, their biologic role and function physiologically as well as in the pathogenesis of HF. Current challenges to the utilization of EVs as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in HF are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Berezin
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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Abstract
Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 50-100 nm secreted by various cells. They are generated through complex intracellular production mechanisms before being secreted to the extracellular environment. Due to their inclusion of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, exosomes play an important role in intercellular communication. Pancreatic β-cells play an irreplaceable role in the body's glucose metabolism. Their dysfunction is one of the causes of diabetes. Exosomes of various cells regulate the function of β-cells by regulating autoimmunity, delivering non-coding RNAs, or directly regulating intracellular signal pathways. This communication between β-cells and other cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of diabetes, and has potential for clinical application. This paper reviews the biological sources and functions of exosomes, as well as intercellular crosstalk between β-cells and other cells that is involved in β-cell failure and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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3
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Hallal S, Tűzesi Á, Grau GE, Buckland ME, Alexander KL. Understanding the extracellular vesicle surface for clinical molecular biology. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12260. [PMID: 36239734 PMCID: PMC9563386 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-membrane enclosed nanoparticles that play significant roles in health and disease. EVs are abundant in body fluids and carry an array of molecules (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and glycans) that reflect the identity and activity of their cell-of-origin. While the advent of high throughput omics technologies has allowed in-depth characterisation of EV compositions, how these molecular species are spatially distributed within EV structures is not well appreciated. This is particularly true of the EV surface where a plethora of molecules are reported to be both integral and peripherally associated to the EV membrane. This coronal layer or 'atmosphere' that surrounds the EV membrane contributes to a large, highly interactive and dynamic surface area that is responsible for facilitating EV interactions with the extracellular environment. The EV coronal layer harbours surface molecules that reflect the identity of parent cells, which is likely a highly valuable property in the context of diagnostic liquid biopsies. In this review, we describe the current understanding of the mechanical, electrostatic and molecular properties of the EV surface that offer significant biomarker potential and contribute to a highly dynamic interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah Hallal
- Neurosurgery DepartmentChris O'Brien LifehouseCamperdownNSWAustralia,Brainstorm Brain Cancer Research, Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneyNSWAustralia,Neuropathology DepartmentRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNSWAustralia
| | - Ágota Tűzesi
- Brainstorm Brain Cancer Research, Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneyNSWAustralia,Neuropathology DepartmentRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNSWAustralia,School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine & HealthThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
| | - Georges E. Grau
- School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine & HealthThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
| | - Michael E. Buckland
- Brainstorm Brain Cancer Research, Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneyNSWAustralia,Neuropathology DepartmentRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNSWAustralia,School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine & HealthThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
| | - Kimberley L. Alexander
- Neurosurgery DepartmentChris O'Brien LifehouseCamperdownNSWAustralia,Brainstorm Brain Cancer Research, Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneyNSWAustralia,Neuropathology DepartmentRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNSWAustralia,School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine & HealthThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
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4
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Xiang H, Zhang C, Xiong J. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in kidney diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:985030. [PMID: 36172178 PMCID: PMC9510773 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.985030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many types of renal disease eventually progress to end-stage renal disease, which can only be maintained by renal replacement therapy. Therefore, kidney diseases now contribute significantly to the health care burden in many countries. Many new advances and strategies have been found in the research involving kidney diseases; however, there is still no efficient treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane structures, which contains proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. After internalization by downstream cells, these components can still maintain functional activity and regulate the phenotype of downstream cells. EVs drive the information exchange between cells and tissues. Majority of the cells can produce EVs; however, its production, contents, and transportation may be affected by various factors. EVs have been proved to play an important role in the occurrence, development, and treatment of renal diseases. However, the mechanism and potential applications of EVs in kidney diseases remain unclear. This review summarizes the latest research of EVs in renal diseases, and provides new therapeutic targets and strategies for renal diseases.
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Kanakalakshmi ST, Swaminathan SM, Basthi Mohan P, Nagaraju SP, Bhojaraja MV, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL. Microparticles in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 531:418-425. [PMID: 35568209 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetickidneydisease(DKD)isthemostcommoncauseofrenal failure and a major contributor to the socioeconomic burden in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients worldwide. The pathogenesis of DKD involves all the structures in the nephron, and it is indicated by proteinuria, hypertension, and progressive decline in renal function, leading tosubstantialmorbidityandmortality. Due to the limitations of currently available standard markers (albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate) in the diagnosis and clinical grading of DKD, it's time to have novel biomarkers for early detection, targeted and effective therapy to prevent the progression. Microparticles (MPs) are extracellular vesicles measuring 0.1 to 1 micron derived by cytoskeletal reorganization in the form of cytoplasmic blebs which alters the phospholipid cytochemistry of the cell membrane. They are shed during cell activation and apoptosis as well as plays an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Over the last few decades, both plasma and urinary MPs have been investigated, validated and the preliminary research looks promising. With alterations in their number and composition documented in clinical situations involving both Type1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, microparticles assay appears to be promising in early diagnosis and prognostication of DKD. WecoverthebasicsofmicroparticlesandtheirinvolvementinDKDinthisreviewarticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Thimmaiah Kanakalakshmi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shilna Muttickal Swaminathan
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Basthi Mohan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shankar Prasad Nagaraju
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohan V Bhojaraja
- Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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Environmental Factors and the Risk of Developing Type 1 Diabetes-Old Disease and New Data. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040608. [PMID: 35453807 PMCID: PMC9027552 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite many studies, the risk factors of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in children and adolescents are still not fully understood and remain a big challenge. Therefore, an extensive online search for scientific research on factors related to diabetes has been performed for the identification of new factors of unexplained etiology. A better understanding of the role of viral, bacterial, and yeast-like fungi infections related to the risk of T1DM in children and adolescents and the identification of new risk factors, especially those spread by the droplet route, is of great importance for people and families with diabetes. Abstract The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing worldwide. The onset of T1D usually occurs in childhood and is caused by the selective destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells (β-cells) by autoreactive T cells, leading to insulin deficiency. Despite advanced research and enormous progress in medicine, the causes of T1D are still not fully understood. Therefore, an extensive online search for scientific research on environmental factors associated with diabetes and the identification of new factors of unexplained etiology has been carried out using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases. The search results were limited to the past 11 years of research and discovered 143 manuscripts published between 2011 and 2022. Additionally, 21 manuscripts from between 2000 and 2010 and 3 manuscripts from 1974 to 2000 were referenced for historical reference as the first studies showcasing a certain phenomenon or mechanism. More and more scientists are inclined to believe that environmental factors are responsible for the increased incidence of diabetes. Research results show that higher T1D incidence is associated with vitamin D deficiency, a colder climate, and pollution of the environment, as well as the influence of viral, bacterial, and yeast-like fungi infections. The key viral infections affecting the risk of developing T1DM are rubella virus, mumps virus, Coxsackie virus, cytomegalovirus, and enterovirus. Since 2020, i.e., from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more studies have been looking for a link between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and diabetes development. A better understanding of the role of viral, bacterial, and yeast-like fungi infections related to the risk of T1DM in children and adolescents and the identification of new risk factors, especially those spread by the droplet route, is of great importance for people and families with diabetes.
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Garavelli S, Prattichizzo F, Ceriello A, Galgani M, de Candia P. Type 1 Diabetes and Associated Cardiovascular Damage: Contribution of Extracellular Vesicles in Tissue Crosstalk. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:631-651. [PMID: 34407376 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting β-cells, with consequent aberrant blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia is the common denominator for most of the chronic diabetic vascular complications, which represent the main cause of life reduction in T1D patients. For this disease, three interlaced medical needs remain: understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in pancreatic β-cell loss; identifying biomarkers able to predict T1D progression and its related complications; recognizing novel therapeutic targets. Recent Advances: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by most cell types, were discovered to contain a plethora of different molecules (including microRNAs) with regulatory properties, which are emerging as mediators of cell-to-cell communication at the paracrine and endocrine level. Recent knowledge suggests that EVs may act as pathogenic factors, and be developed into disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the context of several human diseases. Critical Issues: EVs have been recently shown to sustain a dysregulated cellular crosstalk able to exacerbate the autoimmune response in the pancreatic islets of T1D; moreover, EVs were shown to be able to monitor and/or predict the progression of T1D and the insurgence of vasculopathies. Future Directions: More mechanistic studies are needed to investigate whether the dysregulation of EVs in T1D patients is solely reflecting the progression of diabetes and related complications, or EVs also directly participate in the disease process, thus pointing to a potential use of EVs as therapeutic targets/tools in T1D. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 631-651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Garavelli
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Mario Galgani
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.), Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Italy
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Dehghanbanadaki H, Forouzanfar K, Kakaei A, Zeidi S, Salehi N, Arjmand B, Razi F, Hashemi E. The role of CDH2 and MCP-1 mRNAs of blood extracellular vesicles in predicting early-stage diabetic nephropathy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265619. [PMID: 35363774 PMCID: PMC8975111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are involved in intercellular communication by transferring biomolecules such as mRNA, which has been shown to be as essential biomarkers for many physiological and pathological conditions such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aimed to investigate the expression of CDH1, CDH2, MCP-1, and PAI-1 mRNAs in blood EVs of DN patients and to determine their accuracy in predicting early-stage DN. Methods We recruited 196 participants, including 35 overt DN patients, 53 incipient DN patients, 62 diabetic patients (DM), and 46 healthy individuals. Quantification of the mRNA profile of blood EVs was performed using the qRT-PCR method. The diagnostic performance of mRNA was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results The mRNA expression of CDH2 and MCP-1 was downregulated in overt DN group (0.22-fold change and 0.15-fold change, respectively) and incipient DN group (0.60-fold change and 0.43-fold change, respectively) compared to DM group (1.72-fold change and 2.77-fold change, respectively), while PAI-1 mRNA expression decreased in incipient DN group (0.70-fold change) and DM group (0.58-fold change) compared to control. However, the expression level of CDH1 mRNA was not significantly different among the four groups (p = 0.408). Moreover, CDH2 and MCP-1 mRNAs inversely correlated with creatinine (r = -0.370 and r = -0.361, p<0.001) and Alb/Cr ratio (r = -0.355 and r = -0.297, p<0.001). 1/CDH2 mRNA also predicted overt DN with an accuracy of 0.75 (95%CI: 0.65–0.85) and incipient DN with an accuracy of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.50–0.71) while 1/MCP-1 mRNA had an accuracy of 0.66 (95%CI: 0.55–0.77) for overt DN prediction and an accuracy of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.51–0.71) for incipient DN prediction. Conclusion CDH2 and MCP-1 mRNAs expression in blood EVs was decreased with the development of DN, suggesting the renoprotective effect of these mRNAs in diabetic individuals. Moreover, their quantifications could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojat Dehghanbanadaki
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular–Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoon Forouzanfar
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Kakaei
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular–Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Zeidi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Salehi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular–Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (FR); (EH)
| | - Ehsan Hashemi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (FR); (EH)
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Zhu D, Li W, Fang C, Yin R, Jiang M, Lv X, Chen Y. Proteomic analysis of human umbilical cord serum exosomes using mass spectrometry and preliminary study of their biological activities in liver cancer cell lines. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:44. [PMID: 34917178 PMCID: PMC8630440 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membranous extracellular vesicles 50-100 nm in size, which are involved in cellular communication via the delivery of proteins, lipids and RNA. Emerging evidence shows that exosomes play a critical role in cancer. It has recently been revealed that maternal and umbilical cord serum (UCS)-derived exosomes may enhance endothelial cell proliferation and migration. However, the role of exosomes isolated from the human umbilical cord in cancer development has not been investigated. To explore the potential differences in the composition and function of proteins from umbilical serum exosomes (UEs) and maternal serum exosomes, a proteomic analysis of exosomes was conducted using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. Moreover, Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were used to study the biological effects of UEs on liver cancer cell lines. The present study demonstrated that UCS was enriched with proteins involved in extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, which may be closely related to cell metastasis and proliferation. The findings further indicated that exosomes derived from human umbilical serum could inhibit the viability and induce apoptosis of liver cancer cells. This suggests that UCS-derived exosomes may represent potential leads for the development of biotherapy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglie Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The Air Force Hospital of Northern Theater of People's Liberation Army of China, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Ruozhe Yin
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Mingzuo Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Monfoulet LE, Martinez MC. Dietary modulation of large extracellular vesicles: the good and the bad for human health. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:1274-1293. [PMID: 34875084 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encompassing nanovesicles derived from the endosome system and generated by plasmatic membrane shedding are of increasing interest in view of their ability to sustain cell-to-cell communication and the possibility that they could be used as surrogate biomarkers of healthy and unhealthy trajectories. Nutritional strategies have been developed to preserve health, and the impact of these strategies on circulating EVs is arousing growing interest. Data available from published studies are now sufficient for a first integration to better understand the role of EVs in the relationship between diet and health. Thus, this review focuses on human intervention studies investigating the impact of diet or its components on circulating EVs. Because of analytical bias, only large EVs have been assessed so far. The analysis highlights that poor-quality diets with elevated fat and sugar content increase levels of circulating large EVs, and these can be partly counteracted by healthy food or some food micronutrients and bioactive compounds. However, knowledge of the content and the biological functions of these diet-induced EVs is still missing. It is important to address these aspects in new research in order to state if EVs are mediators of the effects of diet on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent-Emmanuel Monfoulet
- L.-E. Monfoulet is with the Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, Clermont-Ferrand, France M.C. Martinez is with the oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies laboratory (SOPAM), U1063, INSERM, Université Angers, Angers, France
| | - Maria Carmen Martinez
- L.-E. Monfoulet is with the Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, Clermont-Ferrand, France M.C. Martinez is with the oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies laboratory (SOPAM), U1063, INSERM, Université Angers, Angers, France
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Friedrich J, Hammes HP, Krenning G. miRetrieve-an R package and web application for miRNA text mining. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab117. [PMID: 34988440 PMCID: PMC8696973 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and thereby influence biological processes in health and disease. As a consequence, miRNAs are intensely studied and literature on miRNAs has been constantly growing. While this growing body of literature reflects the interest in miRNAs, it generates a challenge to maintain an overview, and the comparison of miRNAs that may function across diverse disease fields is complex due to this large number of relevant publications. To address these challenges, we designed miRetrieve, an R package and web application that provides an overview on miRNAs. By text mining, miRetrieve can characterize and compare miRNAs within specific disease fields and across disease areas. This overview provides focus and facilitates the generation of new hypotheses. Here, we explain how miRetrieve works and how it is used. Furthermore, we demonstrate its applicability in an exemplary case study and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Friedrich
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (CAVAREM), Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- 5th Medical Department, Section of Endocrinology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Section of Endocrinology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Guido Krenning
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (CAVAREM), Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Yunusova NV, Dandarova EE, Svarovsky DA, Denisov NS, Kostromitsky DN, Patysheva MR, Cheremisina OV, Spirina LV. [Production and internalization of extracellular vesicules in normal and under conditions of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2021; 67:465-474. [PMID: 34964440 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20216706465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical structures of cell membrane origin, ranging in the size from 40 nm to 5000 nm. They are involved in the horizontal transfer of many proteins and microRNAs. The mechanisms EV internalization include clathrin-dependent endocytosis, caveolin-dependent endocytosis, raft-mediated endocytosis, and macropinocytosis. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common group of metabolic disorders in adults; the incidence and prevalence increase in parallel with the obesity epidemic. Since adipose tissue plays a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance, EVs secreted by adipose tissue can be a kind of information transmitter in this process. EVs of adipocytic origin are predominantly absorbed by tissue macrophages, adipocytes themselves, hepatocytes, and skeletal muscles. This contributes to the M1 polarization of macrophages, a decrease in glucose uptake by hepatocytes and myocytes due to the transfer of functionally active microRNAs by these EVs, which affect carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Patients with T2DM and impaired glucose tolerance have significantly higher levels of CD235a-positive (erythrocyte) EVs, as well as a tendency to increase CD68-positive (leukocyte) and CD62p-positive (platelets/endothelial cells) EVs. The levels of CD31+/CD146-positive BB (endothelial cells) were comparable between diabetic and euglycemic patients. EVs from diabetic patients were preferably internalized by monocytes (mainly classical and intermediate monocyte fractions and to a lesser extent by non-classical monocyte fractions) and B cells compared to euglycemic patients. Internalization of EVs from patients with T2DM by monocytes leads to decreased apoptosis, changes in differentiation, and suppression of reactions controlling oxidative stress in monocytes. Thus, insulin resistance increases secretion of EVs, which are preferentially internalized by monocytes and influence their function. EVs are considered as sources of promising clinical markers of insulin resistance, complications of diabetes mellitus (endothelial dysfunction, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy), and markers of EVs can also be used to monitor the effectiveness of therapy for these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Yunusova
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | | | - N S Denisov
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - D N Kostromitsky
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M R Patysheva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - O V Cheremisina
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L V Spirina
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
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Paeoniflorin Effect of Schwann Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorates Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Apoptosis through IRE1 α Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6079305. [PMID: 34616478 PMCID: PMC8490051 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6079305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes but its pathogenesis is not fully clarified. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been confirmed to be involved in the development of DPN. Dorsal root ganglion neuron (DRGn) is the target cell of DPN injure in the peripheral neurons system. Schwann cell (SCs)-derived exosomes (SC-EXOs) can carry IRE1α signal transduction factors in ER stress to DRGn. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of SC-EXOs treated with paeoniflorin (PF) on DRGn stimulated by high glucose. Methods SCs were divided into Control group (Control), 150 mM glucose group (HG), high osmotic pressure group (HOP), and low, middle, and high dose PF group (PF1, PF10, and PF100). Exosomes were obtained from SCs by ultracentrifugation and identified according to marker proteins, including CD63, Alix, Hsp70, and TSG101. ER stress initiating factor GRP78, the IRE1α pathway information transmission factor IRE1α, and the phosphorylation level of IRE1α were detected by Western blot, DRGn is divided into Control group (Control), 50 mM glucose group + Control exosomes group (HG + EXOs Control), 50 mM glucose group (HG), and 50 mM glucose group + administration exosomes group (HG + EXOs PF1, HG + EXOs PF10, and HG + EXOs PF100); ER morphology of primary DRGn was observed by using the transmission electron microscope, the level of DRGn apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL, and the downstream proteins of ER stress including CHOP, XBP1S, JNK, and p-JNK in DRG and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, and Caspase-12 were measured by Western blot. Results Compared with the exosomes in the HG group, the exosomes after the intervention of PF can significantly reduce the expression of GRP78, IRE1α, and the phosphorylation level of IRE1α(P < 0.05); compared with the DRGn in the HG group, the SC-EXOs treated with PF could regulate the expression of proteins downstream of IRE1α pathway in ER stress (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), improve the morphological integrity of ER, and reduce apoptosis in DRGn (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion PF regulates the information of ER stress carried by SC-EXOs and further affects downstream of IRE1α pathway in DRGn, thus reducing ER stress-induced apoptosis. PF can interfere with DPN through affecting information communication carried by EXOs between SCs and DRGn.
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wang Q, Pan L. MicroRNA-425-5p is involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy and regulates the proliferation and migration of retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Ophthalmic Res 2021; 65:60-67. [PMID: 34571504 DOI: 10.1159/000516906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fuyanshan Branch of Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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15
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Echeverria S, Orbe J, Roncal C. Urinary Extracellular Vesicles for Diabetic Kidney Disease Diagnosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102046. [PMID: 34064661 PMCID: PMC8151759 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries, affecting more than 40% of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. DKD pathogenesis is multifactorial leading to a clinical presentation characterized by proteinuria, hypertension, and a gradual reduction in kidney function, accompanied by a high incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality. Unlike other diabetes-related complications, DKD prevalence has failed to decline over the past 30 years, becoming a growing socioeconomic burden. Treatments controlling glucose levels, albuminuria and blood pressure may slow down DKD evolution and reduce CV events, but are not able to completely halt its progression. Moreover, one in five patients with diabetes develop DKD in the absence of albuminuria, and in others nephropathy goes unrecognized at the time of diagnosis, urging to find novel noninvasive and more precise early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these patient subgroups. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially urinary (u)EVs, have emerged as an alternative for this purpose, as changes in their numbers and composition have been reported in clinical conditions involving DM and renal diseases. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of (u)EVs in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saioa Echeverria
- Endocrinology Service, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Josune Orbe
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Roncal
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948194700
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16
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Foudi N, Legeay S. Effects of physical activity on cell-to-cell communication during type 2 diabetes: A focus on miRNA signaling. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 35:808-821. [PMID: 33675090 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (TD2) is a progressive disease characterized by hyperglycemia that results from alteration in insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. A number of alterations involving different tissues and organs have been reported to the development and the progression of T2D, and more relevantly, through cell-to-cell communication pathways. Recent studies demonstrated that miRNAs are considerably implicated to cell-to-cell communication during T2D. Physical activity (PA) is associated with decreasing risks of developing T2D and acts as insulin-like factor. Cumulative evidence suggests that this effect could be mediated in part through improving insulin sensitivity in T2D and obese patients and modulating miRNAs synthesis and release in healthy patients. Therefore, the practice of PA should ideally be established before the initiation of T2D. This review describes cell-to-cell communications involved in the pathophysiology of T2D during PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Foudi
- Department of Pharmacy, UNIV Angers, Angers, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, University Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Setif, Algeria
| | - Samuel Legeay
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, IRIS-IBS-CHU, Angers, France
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17
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Vize CJ, Kim SK, Matthews T, Macsai M, Merrell R, Hsu S, Kundu MG, Yoon J, Kennedy E, Pai M, Bain E, Lassman AB, Moazami G. Dysregulation of miR-637 Is Involved in the Development of Retinopathy in Hypertension Patients and Serves a Regulatory Role in Retinol Endothelial Cell Proliferation. Ophthalmic Res 2021; 66:1-7. [PMID: 33530086 PMCID: PMC10413800 DOI: 10.1159/000514915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs play an important role in the proliferation and migration of retinal endothelial cells in patients with hypertension and hypertensive retinopathy (HR). This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of miR-637 in HR and its role in retinal endothelial cell proliferation and migration. METHODS A total of 126 subjects were recruited for the study, including 42 patients with hypertension (male/female 25/17), 42 healthy individuals (male/female 20/22), and 42 cases with HR (male/female 20/22). Except SBP and DBP, there was no significant difference in other indexes among the three groups. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-637. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was used for diagnosis value analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between miR-637 and HR. CCK-8 and Transwell were used to detect the effect of miR-637 on the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. RESULTS Compared with hypertensive patients, HR patients had the lowest expression of miR-637. The area under the curve of miR-637 detected by the ROC curve method is 0.892, which has the ability to distinguish hypertension and HR patients. Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-637 was an independent influencing factor in HR. Cell experiment results showed that overexpression of miR-637 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration, while downregulation of miR-637 had the opposite effect. Luciferase analysis showed that STAT3 was the target gene of miR-637. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that miR-637 is a potential noninvasive marker for patients with HR. The action of miR-637 on STAT3 may inhibit the proliferation and migration of retinal endothelial cells, providing a possible target for the treatment of HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J. Vize
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Stella K. Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tim Matthews
- Birmingham Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marian Macsai
- Northshore University Health System, Glenview, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Merrell
- NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sigmund Hsu
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew B. Lassman
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology and the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY, USA
| | - Golnaz Moazami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Gu YY, Lu FH, Huang XR, Zhang L, Mao W, Yu XQ, Liu XS, Lan HY. Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:583528. [PMID: 33574750 PMCID: PMC7870688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.583528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common diabetic complication and is a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Increasing evidence shows that DKD is regulated not only by many classical signaling pathways but also by epigenetic mechanisms involving chromatin histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNA (ncRNAs). In this review, we focus on our current understanding of the role and mechanisms of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of DKD. Of them, the regulatory role of TGF-β/Smad3-dependent miRNAs and lncRNAs in DKD is highlighted. Importantly, miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for DKD are also described, and the perspective of ncRNAs as a novel therapeutic approach for combating diabetic nephropathy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yu Gu
- Department of Nephrology and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fu-Hua Lu
- Department of Nephrology and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Nephrology and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang B, Xing L, Wang B. Dysregulation of Circulating miR-24-3p in Children with Obesity and Its Predictive Value for Metabolic Syndrome. Obes Facts 2021; 14:456-462. [PMID: 34428771 PMCID: PMC8546450 DOI: 10.1159/000515720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic disorders in children. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the abnormal regulation of circulating miR-24-3p in obese children and its predictive value for metabolic syndrome. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from children with obesity (n = 45), obese children with metabolic syndrome (n = 52), and healthy controls (n = 50). The expression levels of miR-24-3p were detected by reverse transcription quantitative PCR. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-24-3p. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between serum miR-24-3p and different clinical parameters. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between miR-24-3p and obesity with metabolic syndrome in children. RESULTS The expression of miR-24-3p was the highest in obese children with metabolic syndrome. ROC results showed that miR-24-3p had the ability to distinguish healthy individuals from obese children (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.951) and can predict the occurrence of metabolic syndrome for obese children (AUC = 0.890). The expression level of miR-24-3p was positively correlated with body mass index (r = 0.817, p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (r = 0.798, p < 0.001), triglycerides (r = 0.773, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.746, p < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.623, p < 0.001), respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-24-3p was an independent influence factor for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in obese children. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION MiR-24-3p is a potential noninvasive marker for children with obesity and has predictive value for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjin Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Lingling Xing
- Department of Paediatrics, Dongying District People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
- *Beibei Wang,
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Li FXZ, Lin X, Xu F, Shan SK, Guo B, Lei LM, Zheng MH, Wang Y, Xu QS, Yuan LQ. The Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Diabetes and Its Chronic Complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:780974. [PMID: 34987478 PMCID: PMC8721875 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.780974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are applied in regenerative medicine of several tissues and organs nowadays by virtue of their self-renewal capabilities, multiple differentiation capacity, potent immunomodulatory properties, and their ability to be favourably cultured and manipulated. With the continuous development of "cell-free therapy" research, MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) have increasingly become a research hotspot in the treatment of various diseases. Small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) are membrane vesicles with diameters of 30 to 150 nm that mediate signal transduction between adjacent or distal cells or organs by delivering non-coding RNA, protein, and DNA. The contents and effects of sEVs vary depending on the properties of the originating cell. In recent years, MSC-sEVs have been found to play an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus as a new way of communication between cells. Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease in clinic. Its complications of the heart, brain, kidney, eyes, and peripheral nerves are a serious threat to human health and has been a hot issue for clinicians. MSC-sEVs could be applied to repair or prevent damage from the complications of diabetes mellitus through anti-inflammatory effects, reduction of endoplasmic reticulum-related protein stress, polarization of M2 macrophages, and increasing autophagy. Therefore, we highly recommend that MSC-sEVs-based therapies to treat diabetes mellitus and its chronic complication be further explored. The analysis of the role and molecular mechanisms of MSC-sEVs in diabetes and its related complications will provide new idea and insights for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Qing Yuan,
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Saheera S, Potnuri AG, Krishnamurthy P. Nano-Vesicle (Mis)Communication in Senescence-Related Pathologies. Cells 2020; 9:E1974. [PMID: 32859053 PMCID: PMC7564330 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures comprising of exosomes, apoptotic bodies, and microvesicles. Of the extracellular vesicles, exosomes are the most widely sorted and extensively explored for their contents and function. The size of the nanovesicular structures (exosomes) range from 30 to 140 nm and are present in various biological fluids such as saliva, plasma, urine etc. These cargo-laden extracellular vesicles arise from endosome-derived multivesicular bodies and are known to carry proteins and nucleic acids. Exosomes are involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes, including cellular senescence. Exosomes mediate signaling crosstalk and play a critical role in cell-cell communications. Exosomes have evolved as potential biomarkers for aging-related diseases. Aging, a physiological process, involves a progressive decline of function of organs with a loss of homeostasis and increasing probability of illness and death. The review focuses on the classic view of exosome biogenesis, biology, and age-associated changes. Owing to their ability to transport biological information among cells, the review also discusses the interplay of senescent cell-derived exosomes with the aging process, including the susceptibility of the aging population to COVID-19 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Saheera
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;
| | - Ajay Godwin Potnuri
- Department of Animal Physiology, Indian Council for Medical Research—National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Genome Valley, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India;
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Blvd, Volker Hall G094, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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22
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Cordaro A, Neri G, Sciortino MT, Scala A, Piperno A. Graphene-Based Strategies in Liquid Biopsy and in Viral Diseases Diagnosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1014. [PMID: 32466536 PMCID: PMC7353367 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are intriguing nanomaterials with applications ranging from nanotechnology-related devices to drug delivery systems and biosensing. Multifunctional graphene platforms were proposed for the detection of several typical biomarkers (i.e., circulating tumor cells, exosomes, circulating nucleic acids, etc.) in liquid biopsy, and numerous methods, including optical, electrochemical, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), etc., have been developed for their detection. Due to the massive advancements in biology, material chemistry, and analytical technology, it is necessary to review the progress in this field from both medical and chemical sides. Liquid biopsy is considered a revolutionary technique that is opening unexpected perspectives in the early diagnosis and, in therapy monitoring, severe diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndrome, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although nanotechnology based on graphene has been poorly applied for the rapid diagnosis of viral diseases, the extraordinary properties of graphene (i.e., high electronic conductivity, large specific area, and surface functionalization) can be also exploited for the diagnosis of emerging viral diseases, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This review aimed to provide a comprehensive and in-depth summarization of the contribution of graphene-based nanomaterials in liquid biopsy, discussing the remaining challenges and the future trend; moreover, the paper gave the first look at the potentiality of graphene in COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalaura Cordaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (G.N.); (M.T.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Giulia Neri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (G.N.); (M.T.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (G.N.); (M.T.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Angela Scala
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (G.N.); (M.T.S.); (A.S.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (C.I.N.M.P.I.S.), Unità Operativa dell’Università di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Piperno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (G.N.); (M.T.S.); (A.S.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (C.I.N.M.P.I.S.), Unità Operativa dell’Università di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
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23
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Saenz-Pipaon G, San Martín P, Planell N, Maillo A, Ravassa S, Vilas-Zornoza A, Martinez-Aguilar E, Rodriguez JA, Alameda D, Lara-Astiaso D, Prosper F, Paramo JA, Orbe J, Gomez-Cabrero D, Roncal C. Functional and transcriptomic analysis of extracellular vesicles identifies calprotectin as a new prognostic marker in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1729646. [PMID: 32158521 PMCID: PMC7048174 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1729646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events and death and is postulated to be a critical socioeconomic cost in the future. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential candidates for new biomarker discovery related to their protein and nucleic acid cargo. In search of new prognostic and therapeutic targets in PAD, we determined the prothrombotic activity, the cellular origin and the transcriptomic profile of circulating EVs. This prospective study included control and PAD patients. Coagulation time (Procoag-PPL kit), EVs cellular origin and phosphatidylserine exposure were determined by flow cytometry in platelet-free plasma (n = 45 PAD). Transcriptomic profiles of medium/large EVs were generated using the MARS-Seq RNA-Seq protocol (n = 12/group). The serum concentration of the differentially expressed gene S100A9, in serum calprotectin (S100A8/A9), was validated by ELISA in control (n = 100) and PAD patients (n = 317). S100A9 was also determined in EVs and tissues of human atherosclerotic plaques (n = 3). Circulating EVs of PAD patients were mainly of platelet origin, predominantly Annexin V positive and were associated with the procoagulant activity of platelet-free plasma. Transcriptomic analysis of EVs identified 15 differentially expressed genes. Among them, serum calprotectin was elevated in PAD patients (p < 0.05) and associated with increased amputation risk before and after covariate adjustment (mean follow-up 3.6 years, p < 0.01). The combination of calprotectin with hs-CRP in the multivariate analysis further improved risk stratification (p < 0.01). Furthermore, S100A9 was also expressed in femoral plaque derived EVs and tissues. In summary, we found that PAD patients release EVs, mainly of platelet origin, highly positive for AnnexinV and rich in transcripts related to platelet biology and immune responses. Amputation risk prediction improved with calprotectin and was significantly higher when combined with hs-CRP. Our results suggest that EVs can be a promising component of liquid biopsy to identify the molecular signature of PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patxi San Martín
- Oncohematology Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Núria Planell
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maillo
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Susana Ravassa
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Laboratory of Heart Failure, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Vilas-Zornoza
- Oncohematology Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Martinez-Aguilar
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Departamento de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Alameda
- Oncohematology Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Felipe Prosper
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Oncohematology Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hematology Service, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Paramo
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hematology Service, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Orbe
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Roncal
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are submicron-sized lipid envelopes that are produced and released from a parent cell and can be taken up by a recipient cell. EVs are capable of mediating cellular signalling by carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and cellular metabolites between cells and organs. Metabolic dysfunction is associated with changes in plasma concentrations of EVs as well as alterations in their EV cargo. Since EVs can act as messengers between parent and recipient cells, they could be involved in cell-to-cell and organ-to-organ communication in metabolic diseases. Recent literature has shown that EVs are produced by cells within metabolic tissues, such as adipose tissue, pancreas, muscle and liver. These vesicles have therefore been proposed as a novel intercellular communication mode in systemic metabolic regulation. In this review, we will describe and discuss the current literature that investigates the role of adipose-derived EVs in the regulation of obesity-associated metabolic disease. We will particularly focus on the EV-dependent communication between adipocytes, the vasculature and immune cells in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Akbar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Valerio Azzimato
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, Blickagången 6, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Robin P Choudhury
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Myriam Aouadi
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, Blickagången 6, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden.
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25
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Jiang JQ, Chanseau C, Alves ID, Nlate S, Durrieu MC. Dendron-Functionalized Surface: Efficient Strategy for Enhancing the Capture of Microvesicles. iScience 2019; 21:110-123. [PMID: 31655252 PMCID: PMC6820240 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) are used by various types of cells in the human body for intercellular communication, making them biomarkers of great potential for the early and non-evasive diagnosis of a spectrum of diseases. An integrated analysis including morphological, quantitative, and compositional studies is most desirable for the clinical application of MV detection; however, such integration is limited by the currently available analysis techniques. In this context, exploiting the phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure of MVs, we synthesized a series of dendritic molecules with PS-binding sites at the periphery. PS-dendron binding was studied at the molecular level using NMR approaches, whereas PS-containing membrane-dendron interaction was investigated in an aqueous environment using plasmon waveguide resonance spectroscopy. As a proof of concept, polyethylene terephthalate surface was functionalized with the synthetic dendrons, forming devices that can capture MVs to facilitate their subsequent analyses. Phosphatidylserine-dendron interaction studies with NMR techniques Lipid membrane binding enhancement using dendritic molecules Dendron-grafted material for effective MV capture
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiao Jiang
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN), Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; CNRS, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Christel Chanseau
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN), Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; CNRS, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Isabel D Alves
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN), Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; CNRS, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Sylvain Nlate
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN), Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; CNRS, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France.
| | - Marie-Christine Durrieu
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN), Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; CNRS, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France; Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire - Bât 14, Pessac 33600, France.
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26
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Shu Z, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of microvesicles containing microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7933-7945. [PMID: 31576661 PMCID: PMC6850938 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that endothelial dysfunction is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelium is one of the primary targets of circulating microvesicles. Besides, microRNAs emerge as important regulators of endothelial cell function. As a delivery system of microRNAs, microvesicles play an active and important role in regulating vascular endothelial function. In recent years, some studies have shown that microvesicles containing microRNAs regulate the pathophysiological changes in vascular endothelium, such as cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and inflammation. These studies have provided some clues for the possible roles of microvesicles and microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction‐associated diseases, and opened the door towards discovering potential novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the main characteristics of microvesicles and microRNAs, summarizing their potential role and mechanism in endothelial dysfunction, and discussing the clinical application and existing problems of microvesicles for better translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Shu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
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27
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Simeoli R, Fierabracci A. Insights into the Role of MicroRNAs in the Onset and Development of Diabetic Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184627. [PMID: 31540445 PMCID: PMC6770207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is a serious complication of chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes patients. This complication can involve both peripheral sensorimotor and autonomic nervous system. The precise nature of injury to the peripheral nerves mediated by chronic hyperglycemia is unknown; however, several mechanisms have been proposed including polyol pathway activation, enhanced glycation of proteins and lipids, increased oxidative stress, and cytokine release in the site of injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that mediate RNA interference by post-transcriptionally modulating gene expression and protein synthesis. Therefore, they have been implicated in several developmental, physiological, and pathophysiological processes where they modulate the expression of different proteins. Recently, miRNAs gained an increasing attention also for their role as diagnostic test in many diseases due to their stability in serum and their easy detection. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that miRNAs may be involved in diabetic neuropathy although their role in the onset and the development of this complication is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the most recent literature providing evidence for miRNAs role in diabetic neuropathy opening new pathways to improve both early diagnosis and treatment of this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Simeoli
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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28
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Eleuteri S, Fierabracci A. Insights into the Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Potential Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184597. [PMID: 31533317 PMCID: PMC6770239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative, immunoregulatory properties and can be easily isolated and expanded in vitro. Despite being a powerful tool for clinical applications, they present limitations in terms of delivery, safety, and variability of therapeutic response. Interestingly, the MSC secretome composed by cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteins, and extracellular vesicles, could represent a valid alternative to their use. It is noteworthy that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have the same effect and could be advantageous compared to the parental cells because of their specific miRNAs load. MiRNAs could be useful both in diagnostic procedures such as “liquid biopsy” to identify early pathologies and in the therapeutic field. Not only are MSC-EVs’ preservation, transfer, and production easier, but their administration is also safer, hence some clinical trials are ongoing. However, much effort is required to improve the characterization of EVs to avoid artifacts and guarantee reproducibility of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Eleuteri
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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29
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Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switching from a contractile state to a synthetic phenotype has been implicated in intimal remodeling during vascular injury. While multiple studies have focused on dedifferentiation of VSMCs, prevention of VSMC-mediated excessive repair remains poorly understood. In this issue of the JCI, Zeng et al. identified a mechanism by which platelet-derived microRNA-223 (miRNA-223) reverses VSMC dedifferentiation. The authors show that suppression of proliferation occurs after platelet internalization by VSMCs. Moreover, they demonstrate that miRNA-223 inhibits dedifferentiation and intimal hyperplasia in diabetic mice by decreasing PDGFRβ expression in VSMCs. Together, these results identify platelet-derived miRNA-223 as a potential therapeutic target in vascular injury.
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30
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Feng Q, Stork CJ, Xu S, Yuan D, Xia X, LaPenna KB, Guo G, Sun H, Xu L, Siedlecki CA, Brundage KM, Sheaffer N, Schell TD, He P. Increased circulating microparticles in streptozotocin-induced diabetes propagate inflammation contributing to microvascular dysfunction. J Physiol 2019; 597:781-798. [PMID: 30548258 PMCID: PMC6355626 DOI: 10.1113/jp277312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Circulating microparticles (MPs) are elevated in many cardiovascular diseases and have been considered as biomarkers of disease prognosis; however, current knowledge of MP functions has been mainly derived from in vitro studies and their precise impact on vascular inflammation and disease progression remains obscure. Using a diabetic rat model, we identified a >130-fold increase in MPs in plasma of diabetic rats compared to normal rats, the majority of which circulated as aggregates, expressing multiple cell markers and largely externalized phosphatidylserine; vascular images illustrate MP biogenesis and their manifestations in microvessels of diabetic rats. Using combined single microvessel perfusion and systemic cross-transfusion approaches, we delineated how diabetic MPs propagate inflammation in the vasculature and transform normal microvessels into an inflammatory phenotype observed in the microvessels of diabetic rats. Our observations derived from animal studies resembling conditions in diabetic patients, providing a mechanistic insight into MP-mediated pathogenesis of diabetes-associated multi-organ microvascular dysfunction. ABSTRACT In various cardiovascular diseases, microparticles (MPs), the membrane-derived vesicles released during cell activation, are markedly increased in the circulation. These MPs have been recognized to play diverse roles in the regulation of cellular functions. However, current knowledge of MP function has been largely derived from in vitro studies. The precise impact of disease-induced MPs on vascular inflammation and disease progression remains obscure. In this study we investigated the biogenesis, profile and functional roles of circulating MPs using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model with well-characterized microvascular functions. Our study revealed a >130-fold increase in MPs in the plasma of diabetic rats compared to normal rats. The majority of these MPs originate from platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells (ECs), and circulate as aggregates. Diabetic MPs show greater externalized phosphatidylserine (PS) than normal MPs. When diabetic plasma or isolated diabetic MPs were perfused into normal microvessels or systemically transfused into normal rats, MPs immediately adhered to endothelium and subsequently mediated leukocyte adhesion. These microvessels then exhibited augmented permeability responses to inflammatory mediators, replicating the microvascular manifestations observed in diabetic rats. These effects were abrogated when MPs were removed from diabetic plasma or when diabetic MPs were pre-coated with a lipid-binding protein, annexin V, suggesting externalized PS to be key in mediating MP interactions with endothelium and leukocytes. Our study demonstrated that the elevated MPs in diabetic plasma are actively involved in the propagation of vascular inflammation through their adhesive surfaces, providing mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of multi-organ vascular dysfunction that commonly occurs in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Feng
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
- Department of PhysiologyShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina030001
| | - Christian J. Stork
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
| | - Sulei Xu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
| | - Dong Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
| | - Xinghai Xia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Kyle B. LaPenna
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Ge Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Li‐Chong Xu
- Department of Surgery, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | | | - Kathleen M. Brundage
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
| | - Nate Sheaffer
- Flow Cytometry Core, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Todd D. Schell
- Flow Cytometry Core, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Pingnian He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPA17033USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA
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31
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Liu HN, Li X, Wu N, Tong MM, Chen S, Zhu SS, Qian W, Chen XL. Serum microRNA-221 as a biomarker for diabetic retinopathy in patients associated with type 2 diabetes. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:1889-1894. [PMID: 30588418 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the candidate microRNA (miRNA), miR-221 as a novel biomarker for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS The subjects involved were divided into four groups: healthy control (HC), no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group. Serum miR-221 was validated by real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Also, serum angiotensin II (Ang II) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to explore the diagnostic accuracy of miR-221, Ang II and VEGF for DR in patients with T2D. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was executed to estimate the correlations of serum miR-221 with metabolic parameters and serum markers in patients with T2D. RESULTS Primarily, serum miR-221, Ang II and VEGF were increased significantly in T2D patients compared to HC participant respectively, and progressive up-regulated in NDR, NPDR and PDR groups (P<0.001). Additionally, miR-221 in serum was remarkably positively correlated with metabolic parameters such as glycated hemoglobin (r=0.310, P=0.002) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r=0.413, P<0.001), as well as serum markers for instance Ang II (r=0.667, P<0.001) and VEGF (r=0.499, P<0.001). Furthermore, serum miR-221 (AUC, 0.894; 95%CI, 0.833-0.955; P<0.001), Ang II (AUC, 0.888; 95%CI, 0.828-0.949; P<0.001) and VEGF (AUC, 0.785; 95%CI, 0.695-0.875; P<0.001) had evidently diagnostic efficiency in DR, and miR-221 is the most effective among them. CONCLUSION Serum miR-221 as a potential biomarker could be related to not only occurrence but also progression for DR in patients with T2D. However, a prospective clinical trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Nan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meng-Meng Tong
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhu
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Sino-Dutch Biomedical and Information Engineering School, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500W University, El Paso, Texas 79902, USA
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
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32
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Tengattini S. Chromatographic Approaches for Purification and Analytical Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Advancements. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3637-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Sun L, Li W, Lei F, Li X. The regulatory role of microRNAs in angiogenesis-related diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4568-4587. [PMID: 29956461 PMCID: PMC6156236 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level via either the degradation or translational repression of a target mRNA. They play an irreplaceable role in angiogenesis by regulating the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and tube formation of angiogenesis-related cells, which are indispensable for multitudinous physiological and pathological processes, especially for the occurrence and development of vascular diseases. Imbalance between the regulation of miRNAs and angiogenesis may cause many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, aneurysm, Kawasaki disease, aortic dissection, phlebothrombosis and diabetic microvascular complication. Therefore, it is important to explore the essential role of miRNAs in angiogenesis, which might help to uncover new and effective therapeutic strategies for vascular diseases. This review focuses on the interactions between miRNAs and angiogenesis, and miRNA-based biomarkers in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of angiogenesis-related diseases, providing an update on the understanding of the clinical value of miRNAs in targeting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wen‐Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Feng‐Rui Lei
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
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34
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Sedgwick AE, D'Souza-Schorey C. The biology of extracellular microvesicles. Traffic 2018; 19:319-327. [PMID: 29479795 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a rapidly evolving field, owing in large part to recent advances in the realization of their significant contributions to normal physiology and disease. Once discredited as cell debris, these membrane vesicles have now emerged as mediators of intercellular communication by interaction with target cells, drug and gene delivery, and as potentially versatile platforms of clinical biomarkers as a result of their distinctive protein, nucleic acid and lipid cargoes. While there are multiple classes of EVs released from almost all cell types, here we focus primarily on the biogenesis, fate and functional cargoes of microvesicles (MVs). MVs regulate many important cellular processes including facilitating cell invasion, cell growth, evasion of immune response, stimulating angiogenesis, drug resistance and many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna E Sedgwick
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
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