1
|
Piccioni G, Maisto N, d'Ettorre A, Strimpakos G, Nisticò R, Triaca V, Mango D. Switch to phagocytic microglia by CSFR1 inhibition drives amyloid-beta clearance from glutamatergic terminals rescuing LTP in acute hippocampal slices. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:338. [PMID: 39179543 PMCID: PMC11344079 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia, traditionally regarded as innate immune cells in the brain, drive neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunctions in the early phases of Alzheimer disease (AD), acting upstream to Aβ accumulation. Colony stimulating factor 1-receptor (CSF-1R) is predominantly expressed on microglia and its levels are significantly increased in neurodegenerative diseases, possibly contributing to the chronic inflammatory microglial response. On the other hand, CSF-1R inhibitors confer neuroprotection in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we determined the effects of the CSF-1R inhibitor PLX3397 on the Aβ-mediated synaptic alterations in ex vivo hippocampal slices. Electrophysiological findings show that PLX3397 rescues LTP impairment and neurotransmission changes induced by Aβ. In addition, using confocal imaging experiments, we demonstrate that PLX3397 stimulates a microglial transition toward a phagocytic phenotype, which in turn promotes the clearance of Aβ from glutamatergic terminals. We believe that the selective pruning of Aβ-loaded synaptic terminals might contribute to the restoration of LTP and excitatory transmission alterations observed upon acute PLX3397 treatment. This result is in accordance with the mechanism proposed for CSF1R inhibitors, that is to eliminate responsive microglia and replace it with newly generated, homeostatic microglia, capable of promoting brain repair. Overall, our findings identify a connection between the rapid microglia adjustments and the early synaptic alterations observed in AD, possibly highlighting a novel disease-modifying target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Piccioni
- Laboratory Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nunzia Maisto
- Laboratory Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Asia d'Ettorre
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), International Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Rome, Italy
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), International Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Nisticò
- Laboratory Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), International Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Rome, Italy.
| | - Dalila Mango
- Laboratory Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nguyen-Thi PT, Vo TK, Pham THT, Nguyen TT, Van Vo G. Natural flavonoids as potential therapeutics in the management of Alzheimer's disease: a review. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:68. [PMID: 38357675 PMCID: PMC10861420 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder which is associated with the accumulation of proteotoxic Aβ peptides, and pathologically characterized by the deposition of Aβ-enriched plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Given the social and economic burden caused by the rising frequency of AD, there is an urgent need for the development of appropriate therapeutics. Natural compounds are gaining popularity as alternatives to synthetic drugs due to their neuroprotective properties and higher biocompatibility. While natural compound's therapeutic effects for AD have been recently investigated in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, only few have developed to clinical trials. The present review aims to provide a brief overview of the therapeutic effects, new insights, and upcoming perspectives of the preclinical and clinical trials of flavonoids for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuong Kha Vo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 100000 Vietnam
| | - Thi Hong Trang Pham
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000 Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000 Vietnam
| | - Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 71420 Vietnam
| | - Giau Van Vo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000 Vietnam
- Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health (CGRH), School of Medicine, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam
- Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000 Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Liu F, Xu J, Meng Y, Xing G, Ruan X, Sun J, Zhang N. Genetic Screening of Patients with Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration in the Chinese Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:577-593. [PMID: 38701145 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) account for the vast majority of neurodegenerative dementias. AD and FTLD have different clinical phenotypes with a genetic overlap between them and other dementias. Objective This study aimed to identify the genetic spectrum of sporadic AD and FTLD in the Chinese population. Methods A total of 74 sporadic AD and 29 sporadic FTLD participants were recruited. All participants underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES) and testing for a hexanucleotide expansion in C9orf72 was additionally performed for participants with negative WES results. Results Four known pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, including PSEN1 (p.G206D), MAPT (p.R5H), LRRK2 (p.W1434*), and CFAP43 (p.C934*), were identified in AD participants, and 1 novel pathogenic variant of ANXA11 (p.D40G) and two known likely pathogenic variants of MAPT (p.D177V) and TARDBP (p.I383V) were identified in FTLD participants. Twenty-four variants of uncertain significance as well as rare variants in risk genes for dementia, such as ABCA7, SORL1, TRPM7, NOS3, MPO, and DCTN1, were also found. Interestingly, several variants in participants with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia were detected. However, no participants with C9orf72 gene variants were found in the FTLD cohort. Conclusions There was a high frequency of genetic variants in Chinese participants with sporadic AD and FTLD and a complex genetic overlap between these two types of dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoru Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Department Five of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Ziying Yang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Medical Laboratory, BGI-Tianjin, BGI-Shenzhen, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaping Meng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Gebeili Xing
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuqin Ruan
- Tianjin Medical Laboratory, BGI-Tianjin, BGI-Shenzhen, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Tianjin Medical Laboratory, BGI-Tianjin, BGI-Shenzhen, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Budhbhatti U, Chauhan A, Bhatt D, Parmar C, Damani V, Patel A, Joshi C. Association of NOTCH4 and ACHE gene polymorphism in Alzheimer's disease of Gujarat cohort. Neurosci Lett 2023; 814:137428. [PMID: 37544578 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting cognitive and behavioral functions. AD is a complex disease resulting from the modest effect of gene interaction and environmental factors, as a result of which the exact pathogenesis is still unknown. AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between variants of 98 targeted genes with Alzheimer's disease phenotype. METHOD A total of 98 genes from 32 AD cases and 11 controls were genotyped using the Haloplex target enrichment method and the PCR-RFLP approach.Association analysis was performed using the PLINK tool to identify the variant significantly associated with AD. Functional enrichment analysis and network analysis was performed using ClueGo and String database respectively. The Expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) analysis using the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset to explore the possible implication of the variant on the expression of one or more genes in different brain regions and whole blood. RESULT Association analysis showed significant association of 19 variant assigned to 16 genes with Alzheimer's with p-value < 0.05 with rs367398/NOTCH4 only variant that passed multiple test corrections. Functional enrichment analysis showed association of these genes with AD. ClueGo and network analysis utilizing the String database suggested that genes are directly and indirectly linked to the AD pathogenesis. eQTL analysis revealed that the rs367398/NOTCH4 and rs1799806/ACHE variant showed significant eQTL for the neighbouring genes. CONCLUSION The present study showed the possible role of 16 genes in AD pathogenesis, especially highlighting the role of rs367398/NOTCH4 and rs1799806/ACHE. However further investigation with large cohort is required to study and validate the implication of these variants in the AD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urvi Budhbhatti
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Gandhinagar, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, India
| | - Ajay Chauhan
- Hospital of Mental Health-Gujarat Institute of Mental Health, Shahibaug, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Deeptiben Bhatt
- Hospital of Mental Health-Gujarat Institute of Mental Health, Shahibaug, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Chirag Parmar
- Hospital of Mental Health-Gujarat Institute of Mental Health, Shahibaug, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishalbhai Damani
- Hospital of Mental Health-Gujarat Institute of Mental Health, Shahibaug, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Amrutlal Patel
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Gandhinagar, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, India.
| | - Chaitanya Joshi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Gandhinagar, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khayer N, Motamed N, Marashi SA, Goshadrou F. RT-DOb, a switch gene for the gene pair {Csf1r, Milr1}, can influence the onset of Alzheimer's disease by regulating communication between mast cell and microglia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288134. [PMID: 37410787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In biology, homeostasis is a central cellular phenomenon that plays a crucial role in survival. The central nervous system (CNS) is controlled by exquisitely sensitive homeostatic mechanisms when facing inflammatory or pathological insults. Mast cells and microglia play a crucial role in CNS homeostasis by eliminating damaged or unnecessary neurons and synapses. Therefore, decoding molecular circuits that regulate CNS homeostasis may lead to more effective therapeutic strategies that specifically target particular subsets for better therapy of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on a computational analysis of a microarray dataset related to AD, the H2-Ob gene was previously identified as a potential modulator of the homeostatic balance between mast cells and microglia. Specifically, it plays such a role in the presence of a three-way gene interaction in which the H2-Ob gene acts as a switch in the co-expression relationship of two genes, Csf1r and Milr1. Therefore, the importance of the H2-Ob gene as a potential therapeutic target for AD has led us to experimentally validate this relationship using the quantitative real-time PCR technique. In the experimental investigation, we confirmed that a change in the expression levels of the RT1-DOb gene (the rat ortholog of murine H2-Ob) can switch the co-expression relationship between Csf1r and Milr1. Furthermore, since the RT1-DOb gene is up-regulated in AD, the mentioned triplets might be related to triggering AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Khayer
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Motamed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed-Amir Marashi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Goshadrou
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng HR, Lin RR, Li HL, Xue YY, Gao PR, Chen DF, Tao QQ, Wu ZY. Identification and functional characterization of novel variants of MAPT and GRN in Chinese patients with frontotemporal dementia. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 123:233-243. [PMID: 36641371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, characterized by distinct changes in behavior, personality, and language. Our study performed whole exome sequencing and repeat-primed PCR analysis in 29 unrelated FTD patients. Consequently, 2 known pathogenic variants (MAPT: p.P301L; TBK1: p.I450Kfs), and 4 novel variants (MAPT: p.R406Q, p.D430H, p.A330D; GRN: c.350-2A>G) were identified. The functional analysis results showed that phosphorylated tau levels were higher in cells expressing p.R406Q and p.D430H tau than those expressing wild-type tau, especially at the Thr205, Thr231, and Ser396 phosphorylation epitopes. Besides, the p.R406Q and p.D430H variants of MAPT impaired the ability of tau to bind to the microtubules and increased tau self-aggregation. Furthermore, we found that the c.350-2A>G variant caused exon 5 skipping. Our results showed that p.R406Q, p.D430H, and c.350-2A>G variants were classified as pathogenic. Finally, we summarized the clinical characterization of patients carrying pathogenic variants of MAPT in the East Asia populations. Our results broaden the genetic spectrum of FTD with MAPT and GRN variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rong Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong Lin
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Lei Li
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xue
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Rong Gao
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dian-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Tao
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rasheed A, Zaheer AB, Munawwar A, Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, Robles-Velasco K, Cherrez-Ojeda I. The Allosteric Antagonist of the Sigma-2 Receptors-Elayta (CT1812) as a Therapeutic Candidate for Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Systematic Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010001. [PMID: 36675950 PMCID: PMC9866790 DOI: 10.3390/life13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 35 million people worldwide live with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prevalence of the disease is expected to rise two-fold by 2050. With only symptomatic treatment options available, it is essential to understand the developments and existing evidence that aims to target brain pathology and dementia outcomes. This scoping systematic review aimed to collate existing evidence of CT1812 for use in patients with AD and summarize the methodologies of ongoing trials. Adhering to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched through up to 15 November 2022 by applying the following keywords: CT1812, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and/or sigma-2 receptor. Three completed clinical trials were included along with three ongoing records of clinical trials. The three completed trials were in Phases I and II of testing. The sample size across all three trials was 135. CT1812 reached endpoints across the trials and obtained a maximum concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid with 97-98% receptor occupancy. The findings of this systematic review must be used with caution as the results, while mostly favorable so far, must be replicated in higher-powered, placebo-controlled Phase II-III trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anum Rasheed
- Department of Research, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Bin Zaheer
- Department of Research, Al Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Munawwar
- Department of Research, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zouina Sarfraz
- Department of Research and Publications, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (I.C.-O.)
| | - Azza Sarfraz
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Karla Robles-Velasco
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Pulmonary Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador
| | - Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Pulmonary Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (Z.S.); (I.C.-O.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abondio P, Bruno F, Bruni AC, Luiselli D. Rare Amyloid Precursor Protein Point Mutations Recapitulate Worldwide Migration and Admixture in Healthy Individuals: Implications for the Study of Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415871. [PMID: 36555510 PMCID: PMC9781461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic discoveries related to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias have been performed using either large cohorts of affected subjects or multiple individuals from the same pedigree, therefore disregarding mutations in the context of healthy groups. Moreover, a large portion of studies so far have been performed on individuals of European ancestry, with a remarkable lack of epidemiological and genomic data from underrepresented populations. In the present study, 70 single-point mutations on the APP gene in a publicly available genetic dataset that included 2504 healthy individuals from 26 populations were scanned, and their distribution was analyzed. Furthermore, after gametic phase reconstruction, a pairwise comparison of the segments surrounding the mutations was performed to reveal patterns of haplotype sharing that could point to specific cross-population and cross-ancestry admixture events. Eight mutations were detected in the worldwide dataset, with several of them being specific for a single individual, population, or macroarea. Patterns of segment sharing reflected recent historical events of migration and admixture possibly linked to colonization campaigns. These observations reveal the population dynamics of the considered APP mutations in worldwide human groups and support the development of ancestry-informed screening practices for the improvement of precision and personalized approaches to neurodegeneration and dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Abondio
- Laboratory of Ancient DNA, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology and Center for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Bruno
- Regional Neurogenetic Center (CRN), Department of Primary Care, ASP Catanzaro, 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
- Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Amalia Cecilia Bruni
- Regional Neurogenetic Center (CRN), Department of Primary Care, ASP Catanzaro, 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- Laboratory of Ancient DNA, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xia M, Gao C, Wang H, Shang J, Liu R, You Y, Zang W, Zhang J. Novel PSEN1 (P284S) Mutation Causes Alzheimer's Disease with Cerebellar Amyloid β-Protein Deposition. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:523-529. [PMID: 35850649 PMCID: PMC9933047 DOI: 10.2174/1567205019666220718151357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE AD-associated PSEN1 mutations exhibit high clinical heterogeneity. The discovery of these mutations and the analysis of their associations with cases such as EOAD should be critical to understanding AD's pathogenesis. METHODS We performed clinical analysis, neuroimaging, target region capture and high-throughput sequencing, and Sanger sequencing in a family of 3 generations. The underlying Alzheimer's pathology was evaluated using biomarker evidence obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid testing and 18F-florbetapir (AV-45) PET imaging. RESULTS Target region capture sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous C to T missense point mutation at the base position 284 (c.850 C>T) located in exon 8 of the PSEN1 gene, resulting in a Prolineto- Serine substitution (P284S) at codon position 850. The mutation was also identified by Sanger sequencing in 2 family members, including proband and her daughter and was absent in the other 4 unaffected family members and 50 control subjects. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid test exhibited biomarker evidence of underlying Alzheimer's pathology. 18F-florbetapir (AV-45) PET imaging indicated extensive cerebral cortex and cerebellar Aβ deposition. CONCLUSIONS We discovered a novel PSEN1 pathogenic mutation, P284S, observed for the first time in a Chinese family with early-onset AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingrong Xia
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Department of Neurology, Henan University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,These authors contributed equally to this manuscript.
| | - Chenhao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,These authors contributed equally to this manuscript.
| | - Huayuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Department of Neurology, Henan University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China;
| | - Junkui Shang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China;
| | - Ruijie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China;
| | - Yang You
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Weizhou Zang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Department of Neurology, Henan University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; E-mails: (J.Z.) and (W.Z.)
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Department of Neurology, Henan University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; ,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; E-mails: (J.Z.) and (W.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim EJ, Na DL, Kim HJ, Park KW, Lee JH, Roh JH, Kwon JC, Yoon SJ, Jung NY, Jeong JH, Jang JW, Kim HJ, Park KH, Choi SH, Kim S, Park YH, Kim BC, Youn YC, Ki CS, Kim SH, Seo SW, Kim YE. Genetic Screening in Korean Patients with Frontotemporal Dementia Syndrome. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:651-662. [DOI: 10.3233/adr-220030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous group of diseases. However, pathogenic variants in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72), microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), and progranulin (GRN) genes are mainly associated with genetic FTD in Caucasian populations. Objective: To understand the genetic background of Korean patients with FTD syndrome. Methods: We searched for pathogenic variants of 52 genes related to FTD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias, and hexanucleotide repeats of the C9orf72 gene in 72 Korean patients with FTD using whole exome sequencing and the repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results: One likely pathogenic variant, p.G706R of MAPT, in a patient with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) and 13 variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) in nine patients with FTD were identified. Of these VUSs, M232R of the PRNP gene, whose role in pathogenicity is controversial, was also found in two patients with bvFTD. Conclusions: These results indicate that known pathogenic variants of the three main FTD genes (MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72) in Western countries are rare in Korean FTD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Hoon Roh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jay C. Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Changwon Fatima Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon
| | - Na-Yeon Jung
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Busan, Korea
| | - Jee H. Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Young Ho Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Byeong C. Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genetic landscape of early-onset dementia in Hungary. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:5289-5300. [PMID: 35752680 PMCID: PMC9385840 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Early-onset dementias (EOD) are predominantly genetically determined, but the underlying disease-causing alterations are often unknown. The most frequent forms of EODs are early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
Patients
This study included 120 Hungarian patients with EOD (48 familial and 72 sporadic) which had a diagnosis of EOAD (n = 49), FTD (n = 49), or atypical dementia (n = 22).
Results
Monogenic dementia was detected in 15.8% of the patients. A pathogenic hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene was present in 6.7% of cases and disease-causing variants were detected in other known AD or FTD genes in 6.7% of cases (APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, GRN). A compound heterozygous alteration of the TREM2 gene was identified in one patient and heterozygous damaging variants in the CSF1R and PRNP genes were detected in two other cases. In two patients, the coexistence of several heterozygous damaging rare variants associated with neurodegeneration was detected (1.7%). The APOE genotype had a high odds ratio for both the APOE ɛ4/3 and the ɛ4/4 genotype (OR = 2.7 (95%CI = 1.3–5.9) and OR = 6.5 (95%CI = 1.4–29.2), respectively). In TREM2, SORL1, and ABCA7 genes, 5 different rare damaging variants were detected as genetic risk factors. These alterations were not present in the control group.
Conclusion
Based on our observations, a comprehensive, targeted panel of next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing investigating several neurodegeneration-associated genes may accelerate the path to achieve the proper genetic diagnosis since phenotypes are present on a spectrum. This can also reveal hidden correlations and overlaps in neurodegenerative diseases that would remain concealed in separated genetic testing.
Collapse
|
12
|
Galluzzi S, Mega A, Di Fede G, Muscio C, Fascendini S, Benussi L, Tagliavini F, Frisoni GB, Di Maria E. Psychological Impact of Predictive Genetic Testing for Inherited Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia: The IT-DIAfN Protocol. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:118-124. [PMID: 35293381 PMCID: PMC9132242 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to evaluate the psychological impact of predictive genetic testing in individuals at-risk for inherited dementia who underwent a structured counseling and testing protocol. METHODS Participants were healthy at-risk relatives from families with at least one affected patient, in whom a disease-associated genetic variant had been ascertained. A comprehensive psychological assessment (personality, anxiety and depression, quality of life, coping strategies, resilience and health-related beliefs) was administered at baseline, at 6 months and 12 months follow-up. RESULTS Twenty-four participants from 13 families were included. Sixteen participants underwent blood sampling and genetic analysis; 6 resulted to be carriers of pathogenic variants (1 in PSEN1, 1 in PSEN2, 4 in GRN). Carriers showed higher score on the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) - social competence, and on Multidimensional Health Locus of Control - internal, than noncarriers (P=0.03 for both). Ten at-risk relatives who completed the follow-up showed improvement in RSA - planned future (P=0.01) with respect to baseline. DISCUSSION Our case series showed that at-risk individuals undergoing predictive testing showed benefit on personal life and no detrimental impact on a broad range of psychological outcomes. Higher social skills and lower internal health locus of control in carriers may be an early psychological correlate of preclinical dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Mega
- Laboratory Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology V – Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano
| | - Cristina Muscio
- Neurology V – Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano
| | | | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano
| | | | - Giovanni B. Frisoni
- Laboratory Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology
- Memory Clinic, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | - Emilio Di Maria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Galliera Hospital, Genoa
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pagnon de la Vega M, Näslund C, Brundin R, Lannfelt L, Löwenmark M, Kilander L, Ingelsson M, Giedraitis V. Mutation analysis of disease causing genes in patients with early onset or familial forms of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:99. [PMID: 35120450 PMCID: PMC8817590 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most dementia disorders have a clear genetic background and a number of disease genes have been identified. Mutations in the tau gene (MAPT) lead to frontotemporal dementia (FTD), whereas mutations in the genes for the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) and the presenilins (PSEN1, PSEN2) cause early-onset, dominantly inherited forms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Even if mutations causing Mendelian forms of these diseases are uncommon, elucidation of the pathogenic effects of such mutations have proven important for understanding the pathogenic processes. Here, we performed a screen to identify novel pathogenic mutations in known disease genes among patients undergoing dementia investigation. Results Using targeted exome sequencing we have screened all coding exons in eleven known dementia genes (PSEN1, PSEN2, APP, MAPT, APOE, GRN, TARDBP, CHMP2B, TREM2, VCP and FUS) in 102 patients with AD, FTD, other dementia diagnoses or mild cognitive impairment. We found three AD patients with two previously identified pathogenic mutations in PSEN1 (Pro264Leu and Met146Val). In this screen, we also identified the recently reported APP mutation in two siblings with AD. This mutation, named the Uppsala mutation, consists of a six amino acid intra-amyloid β deletion. In addition, we found several potentially pathogenic mutations in PSEN2, FUS, MAPT, GRN and APOE. Finally, APOE ε4 was prevalent in this patient group with an allele frequency of 54%. Conclusions Among the 102 screened patients, we found two disease causing mutations in PSEN1 and one in APP, as well as several potentially pathogenic mutations in other genes related to neurodegenerative disorders. Apart from giving important information to the clinical investigation, the identification of disease mutations can contribute to an increased understanding of disease mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Pagnon de la Vega
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl Näslund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - RoseMarie Brundin
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Löwenmark
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morozova A, Zorkina Y, Abramova O, Pavlova O, Pavlov K, Soloveva K, Volkova M, Alekseeva P, Andryshchenko A, Kostyuk G, Gurina O, Chekhonin V. Neurobiological Highlights of Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1217. [PMID: 35163141 PMCID: PMC8835608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is focused on several psychiatric disorders in which cognitive impairment is a major component of the disease, influencing life quality. There are plenty of data proving that cognitive impairment accompanies and even underlies some psychiatric disorders. In addition, sources provide information on the biological background of cognitive problems associated with mental illness. This scientific review aims to summarize the current knowledge about neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in people with schizophrenia, depression, mild cognitive impairment and dementia (including Alzheimer's disease).The review provides data about the prevalence of cognitive impairment in people with mental illness and associated biological markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Morozova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Yana Zorkina
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Olga Abramova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Olga Pavlova
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Konstantin Pavlov
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Kristina Soloveva
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Maria Volkova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Polina Alekseeva
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Alisa Andryshchenko
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Georgiy Kostyuk
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, 117152 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.); (O.A.); (K.S.); (M.V.); (P.A.); (A.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Olga Gurina
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, 119034 Moscow, Russia; (O.P.); (K.P.); (O.G.); (V.C.)
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hu B, Duan S, Wang Z, Li X, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang YW, Xu H, Zheng H. Insights Into the Role of CSF1R in the Central Nervous System and Neurological Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:789834. [PMID: 34867307 PMCID: PMC8634759 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.789834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is a key tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptor modulating microglial homeostasis, neurogenesis, and neuronal survival in the central nervous system (CNS). CSF1R, which can be proteolytically cleaved into a soluble ectodomain and an intracellular protein fragment, supports the survival of myeloid cells upon activation by two ligands, colony stimulating factor 1 and interleukin 34. CSF1R loss-of-function mutations are the major cause of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) and its dysfunction has also been implicated in other neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we review the physiological functions of CSF1R in the CNS and its pathological effects in neurological disorders including ALSP, AD, frontotemporal dementia and multiple sclerosis. Understanding the pathophysiology of CSF1R is critical for developing targeted therapies for related neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banglian Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shengshun Duan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Honghua Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou XY, Lu JY, Liu FT, Wu P, Zhao J, Ju ZZ, Tang YL, Shi QY, Lin HM, Wu JJ, Yen TC, Zuo CT, Sun YM, Wang J. In Vivo 18 F-APN-1607 Tau Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in MAPT Mutations: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Findings. Mov Disord 2021; 37:525-534. [PMID: 34842301 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tauopathy caused by MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau) mutations is a highly heterogenous disorder. The ability to visualize and longitudinally monitor tau deposits may be beneficial to understand disease pathophysiology and predict clinical trajectories. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal 18 F-APN-1607 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging findings in MAPT mutation carriers. METHODS Seven carriers of MAPT mutations (six within exon 10 and one outside of exon 10) and 15 healthy control subjects were included. All participants underwent 18 F-APN-1607 PET/CT at baseline. Three carriers of exon 10 mutations received follow-up 18 F-APN-1607 PET/CT scans. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) maps were obtained using the cerebellar gray matter as the reference region. SUVR values observed in MAPT mutation carriers were normalized to data from healthy control subjects. A regional SUVR z score ≥ 2 was used as the criterion to define positive 18 F-APN-1607 PET/CT findings. RESULTS Although the seven study patients had heterogenous clinical phenotypes, all showed a significant 18 F-APN-1607 uptake characterized by high-contrast signals. However, the anatomical localization of tau deposits differed in patients with distinct clinical symptoms. Follow-up imaging data, which were available for three patients, demonstrated worsening trends in patterns of tau accumulation over time, which were paralleled by a significant clinical deterioration. CONCLUSIONS Our data represent a promising step in understanding the usefulness of 18 F-APN-1607 PET/CT imaging for detecting tau accumulation in MAPT mutation carriers. Our preliminary follow-up data also suggest the potential value of 18 F-APN-1607 PET/CT for monitoring the longitudinal trajectories of frontotemporal lobar degeneration caused by MAPT mutations. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhou
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ying Lu
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Tao Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wu
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Zhao
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Zhao Ju
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Lin Tang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yi Shi
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Mei Lin
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chuan-Tao Zuo
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Min Sun
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A missense variant in SHARPIN mediates Alzheimer's disease-specific brain damages. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:590. [PMID: 34785643 PMCID: PMC8595886 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01680-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Established genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) account for only a portion of AD heritability. The aim of this study was to identify novel associations between genetic variants and AD-specific brain atrophy. We conducted genome-wide association studies for brain magnetic resonance imaging measures of hippocampal volume and entorhinal cortical thickness in 2643 Koreans meeting the clinical criteria for AD (n = 209), mild cognitive impairment (n = 1449) or normal cognition (n = 985). A missense variant, rs77359862 (R274W), in the SHANK-associated RH Domain Interactor (SHARPIN) gene was associated with entorhinal cortical thickness (p = 5.0 × 10-9) and hippocampal volume (p = 5.1 × 10-12). It revealed an increased risk of developing AD in the mediation analyses. This variant was also associated with amyloid-β accumulation (p = 0.03) and measures of memory (p = 1.0 × 10-4) and executive function (p = 0.04). We also found significant association of other SHARPIN variants with hippocampal volume in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (rs3417062, p = 4.1 × 10-6) and AddNeuroMed (rs138412600, p = 5.9 × 10-5) cohorts. Further, molecular dynamics simulations and co-immunoprecipitation indicated that the variant significantly reduced the binding of linear ubiquitination assembly complex proteins, SHPARIN and HOIL-1 Interacting Protein (HOIP), altering the downstream NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that SHARPIN plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Collapse
|
18
|
Li XY, Cui Y, Jing D, Xie K, Zhong X, Kong Y, Wang Y, Chu M, Wang C, Wu L. Novel PSEN1 and PSEN2 Mutations Identified in Sporadic Early-onset Alzheimer Disease and Posterior Cortical Atrophy. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:208-213. [PMID: 33973882 PMCID: PMC8386585 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Sporadic early-onset Alzheimer disease (sEOAD) and its visual variant, posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), have a disease onset at less than 65 years of age with no familial aggregation. The etiology and genetic basis of these diseases remain poorly understood. Our study aimed to identify additional mutations or variants associated with sEOAD and PCA and to further examine their genetic and phenotypic spectrums. METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing and analyzed the clinical and neuroimaging features of mutation carriers with 29 patients having sEOAD and 25 having PCA. RESULTS Nine rare damaging variants were identified in 4 patients with sEOAD and 3 with PCA. A novel mutation (p.A136V) in PSEN1 was identified in a patient with sEOAD and a likely pathogenic variant (p.M239T) was identified for PSEN2 in a patient with PCA. In addition, 7 rare damaging variants were detected in other genes related to neurodegenerative diseases. The patient carrying the PSEN1 p.A136V mutation presented with typical clinical and imaging features of sEOAD, and the PCA patient with the PSEN2 p.M239T mutation presented with visuospatial impairment as the initial symptom. CONCLUSION Our study expands the PSEN1 mutation spectrum of sEOAD and highlights the importance of screening PSEN1 and/or PSEN2 mutations in PCA patients.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ochiai M, Nguyen HT, Kurihara N, Hirano M, Tajima Y, Yamada TK, Iwata H. Directly Reprogrammed Neurons as a Tool to Assess Neurotoxicity of the Contaminant 4-Hydroxy-2',3,5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (4'OH-CB72) in Melon-Headed Whales. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8159-8168. [PMID: 34061511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Whales accumulate high levels of environmental pollutants. Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their metabolites (OH-PCBs) could be linked to abnormal behavior, which may lead to mass stranding of marine mammals. Whales may thus suffer from adverse effects such as neuronal dysfunction, yet testing the neurotoxicity of these compounds has never been feasible for these species. This study established neurons chemically reprogrammed from fibroblasts of mass stranded melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) and used them for in vitro neurotoxicity assays. Exposure to 4-hydroxy-2',3,5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (4'OH-CB72), a metabolite of PCBs, caused apoptosis in the reprogrammed neurons. Transcriptome analysis of 4'OH-CB72-treated whale neurons showed altered expressions of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation, chromatin degradation, axonal transport, and neurodegenerative diseases. These results suggest that 4'OH-CB72 exposure may induce neurodegeneration through disrupted apoptotic processes. A comparison of the results with human reprogrammed neurons revealed the specific effects on the whale neurons. Our noninvasive approach using fibroblast-derived neurons is useful for hazard and risk assessments of neurotoxicity in whales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Ochiai
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hoa Thanh Nguyen
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Nozomi Kurihara
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirano
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yuko Tajima
- Division of Vertebrates, Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
| | - Tadasu K Yamada
- Division of Vertebrates, Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
| | - Hisato Iwata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Luukkainen L, Huttula S, Väyrynen H, Helisalmi S, Kytövuori L, Haapasalo A, Hiltunen M, Remes AM, Krüger J. Mutation Analysis of the Genes Associated with Parkinson's Disease in a Finnish Cohort of Early-Onset Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:955-965. [PMID: 32568194 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Parkinson's disease (PD) overlap in clinical characteristics, neuropathology, and genetics. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of pathogenic mutations and rare variants in genes associated with PD among early-onset dementia (EOD) patients. METHODS Rare non-synonymous variants (MAF < 0.01) in ten genes (SNCA, PARK2, PARK7, LRRK2, PINK1, ATP13A2, UCHL1, HTRA2, GBA, and SNCAIP) and low-frequency (MAF < 0.05) GBA variants were screened using a targeted next-generation sequencing panel in a strictly defined cohort of 37 early-onset (age at onset (AAO) <65 years) dementia patients presenting with atypical features (e.g., myoclonia or spasticity), rapidly progressive course of the disease or with a family history of dementia. The identified variations were further screened in a larger cohort of EOD (n = 279, mean AAO 57, range 36-65) patients. RESULTS No pathogenic mutations were found, but we identified seven possible risk variants for neurodegeneration (LRRK2 p.Arg793Met, PARK2 p.Ala82Glu, SNCAIP p.Arg240Gln, SNCAIP p.Phe369Leu, GBA p.Asn409Ser, GBA p.Glu365Lys, GBA p.Thr408Met). DISCUSSION Altogether, the frequency of these variants was two times higher in the first selected cohort compared to the whole cohort. This suggests that specific rare variants in the genes associated with PD might play a role also especially in familial EOD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Luukkainen
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Cancer and Translational Research, Pathology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Samuli Huttula
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Henri Väyrynen
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Kytövuori
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne M Remes
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Krüger
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dominguez J, Yu JT, Tan YJ, Ng A, De Guzman MF, Natividad B, Daroy ML, Cano J, Yu J, Lian MM, Zeng L, Lim WK, Foo JN, Ng ASL. Novel Optineurin Frameshift Insertion in a Family With Frontotemporal Dementia and Parkinsonism Without Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:645913. [PMID: 34093394 PMCID: PMC8170397 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.645913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is a common cause of Young Onset Dementia and has diverse clinical manifestations involving behavior, executive function, language and motor function, including parkinsonism. Up to 50% of FTD patients report a positive family history, supporting a strong genetic basis, particularly in cases with both FTD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS). Mutations in three genes are associated with the majority of familial FTD (fFTD) cases - microtubule associated protein tau gene (MAPT), granulin precursor (GRN), and hexanucleotide repeat expansions in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72- SMCR8complex subunit (C9orf72) while mutations in other genes such as optineurin (OPTN) have rarely been reported. Mutations in OPTN have been reported mostly in familial and sporadic cases of ALS, or in rare cases of FTD-ALS, but not in association with pure or predominant FTD and/or parkinsonian phenotype. Here, we report for the first time, a family from the Philippines with four members harboring a novel frameshift insertion at OPTN (Chr 10:13166090 G>GA) p.Lys328GluTer11, three of whom presented with FTD-related phenotypes. Additionally, one sibling heterozygous for the frameshift insertion had a predominantly parkinsonian phenotype resembling corticobasal syndrome, but it remains to be determined if this phenotype is related to the frameshift insertion. Notably, none of the affected members showed any evidence of motor neuron disease or ALS at the time of writing, both clinically and on electrophysiological testing, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of OPTN mutations. Close follow-up of mutation carriers for the development of new clinical features and wider investigation of additional family members with further genetic analyses will be conducted to investigate the possibility of other genetic modifiers in this family which could explain phenotypic heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Dominguez
- Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jeryl Tan Yu
- Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Yi Jayne Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arlene Ng
- Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ma Fe De Guzman
- Research and Biotechnology Division, St Luke's Medical Centre, Quezon, Philippines
| | - Boots Natividad
- Research and Biotechnology Division, St Luke's Medical Centre, Quezon, Philippines
| | - Ma Luisa Daroy
- Research and Biotechnology Division, St Luke's Medical Centre, Quezon, Philippines
| | - Jemellee Cano
- Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Justine Yu
- Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Michelle M Lian
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- Singhealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, ASTAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adeline S L Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Perrone F, Cacace R, van der Zee J, Van Broeckhoven C. Emerging genetic complexity and rare genetic variants in neurodegenerative brain diseases. Genome Med 2021; 13:59. [PMID: 33853652 PMCID: PMC8048219 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular etiology of neurodegenerative brain diseases (NBD) has substantially increased over the past three decades. Early genetic studies of NBD families identified rare and highly penetrant deleterious mutations in causal genes that segregate with disease. Large genome-wide association studies uncovered common genetic variants that influenced disease risk. Major developments in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies accelerated gene discoveries at an unprecedented rate and revealed novel pathways underlying NBD pathogenesis. NGS technology exposed large numbers of rare genetic variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in coding regions, highlighting the genetic complexity of NBD. Since experimental studies of these coding rare VUS are largely lacking, the potential contributions of VUS to NBD etiology remain unknown. In this review, we summarize novel findings in NBD genetic etiology driven by NGS and the impact of rare VUS on NBD etiology. We consider different mechanisms by which rare VUS can act and influence NBD pathophysiology and discuss why a better understanding of rare VUS is instrumental for deriving novel insights into the molecular complexity and heterogeneity of NBD. New knowledge might open avenues for effective personalized therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Perrone
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp – CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rita Cacace
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp – CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Julie van der Zee
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp – CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp – CDE, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Csaban D, Pentelenyi K, Toth-Bencsik R, Illes A, Grosz Z, Gezsi A, Molnar MJ. The Role of the Rare Variants in the Genes Encoding the Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase in Alzheimer's Disease. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:321. [PMID: 33917565 PMCID: PMC8067443 DOI: 10.3390/life11040321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that several mitochondrial abnormalities are present in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Decreased alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (αKGDHc) activity was identified in some patients with AD. The αKGDHc is a key enzyme in the Krebs cycle. This enzyme is very sensitive to the harmful effect of reactive oxygen species, which gives them a critical role in the Alzheimer and mitochondrial disease research area. Previously, several genetic risk factors were described in association with AD. Our aim was to analyze the associations of rare damaging variants in the genes encoding αKGDHc subunits and AD. The three genes (OGDH, DLST, DLD) encoding αKGDHc subunits were sequenced from different brain regions of 11 patients with histologically confirmed AD and the blood of further 35 AD patients. As a control group, we screened 134 persons with whole-exome sequencing. In all subunits, a one-one rare variant was identified with unknown significance based on American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) classification. Based on the literature research and our experience, R263H mutation in the DLD gene seems likely to be pathogenic. In the different cerebral areas, the αKGDHc mutational profile was the same, indicating the presence of germline variants. We hypothesize that the heterozygous missense R263H in the DLD gene may have a role in AD as a mild genetic risk factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dora Csaban
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary; (D.C.); (Z.G.)
| | - Klara Pentelenyi
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary; (D.C.); (Z.G.)
| | - Renata Toth-Bencsik
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary; (D.C.); (Z.G.)
| | - Anett Illes
- PentaCore Laboratory Budapest, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Grosz
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary; (D.C.); (Z.G.)
| | - Andras Gezsi
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Judit Molnar
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1082 Budapest, Hungary; (D.C.); (Z.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Di Benedetto G, Iannucci LF, Surdo NC, Zanin S, Conca F, Grisan F, Gerbino A, Lefkimmiatis K. Compartmentalized Signaling in Aging and Neurodegeneration. Cells 2021; 10:464. [PMID: 33671541 PMCID: PMC7926881 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic AMP (cAMP) signalling cascade is necessary for cell homeostasis and plays important roles in many processes. This is particularly relevant during ageing and age-related diseases, where drastic changes, generally decreases, in cAMP levels have been associated with the progressive decline in overall cell function and, eventually, the loss of cellular integrity. The functional relevance of reduced cAMP is clearly supported by the finding that increases in cAMP levels can reverse some of the effects of ageing. Nevertheless, despite these observations, the molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of cAMP signalling in ageing are not well understood. Compartmentalization is widely accepted as the modality through which cAMP achieves its functional specificity; therefore, it is important to understand whether and how this mechanism is affected during ageing and to define which is its contribution to this process. Several animal models demonstrate the importance of specific cAMP signalling components in ageing, however, how age-related changes in each of these elements affect the compartmentalization of the cAMP pathway is largely unknown. In this review, we explore the connection of single components of the cAMP signalling cascade to ageing and age-related diseases whilst elaborating the literature in the context of cAMP signalling compartmentalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulietta Di Benedetto
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy;
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Liliana F. Iannucci
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta C. Surdo
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy;
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Sofia Zanin
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Filippo Conca
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Grisan
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerbino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; (L.F.I.); (S.Z.); (F.C.); (F.G.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Puranik N, Yadav D, Chauhan PS, Kwak M, Jin JO. Exploring the Role of Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:11-22. [PMID: 32940177 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220999200917114101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the frontier fields of medical breakthroughs that poses as an effective solution to previously incurable diseases. The delivery of the corrective genetic material or a therapeutic gene into the cell restores the missing gene function and cures a plethora of diseases, incurable by the conventional medical approaches. This discovery holds the potential to treat many neurodegenerative disorders such as muscular atrophy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), among others. Gene therapy proves as a humane, cost-effective alternative to the exhaustive often arduous and timely impossible process of finding matched donors and extensive surgery. It also overcomes the shortcoming of conventional methods to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, the use of gene therapy is only possible after procuring the in-depth knowledge of the immuno-pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of the disease. The process of gene therapy can be broadly categorized into three main steps: elucidating the target gene, culling the appropriate vector, and determining the best mode of transfer; each step mandating pervasive research. This review aims to dissertate and summarize the role, various vectors and methods of delivery employed in gene therapy with special emphasis on therapy directed at the central nervous system (CNS) associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Puranik
- Biological Science Department, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu-641046, India
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Pallavi Singh Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh 474005, India
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang Y, Jiao B, Xiao X, Shen L. Genetics of frontotemporal dementia in China. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2021; 22:321-335. [PMID: 33538206 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2021.1880596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Backgbround: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most common presenile dementia, characterized by prominent behavioral, language, and cognitive impairment, which has a strong genetic component contributing to its pathogenesis. Due to geographical and ethnic variability, the prevalence of the causative genes of FTD may be different. Methods: To explore the genetics of FTD in the Chinese population, we reviewed 97 closely related studies that were searched in PubMed and Web of Science. In this review, we summarized the characteristics of each FTD gene. We also reassessed their pathogenicity and revised some mutations from pathogenic to uncertain significance according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Results: Thirty-two rare variants in genes of MAPT, GRN, C9orf72, CHCHD10, VCP, and TBK1 were identified in Chinese FTD populations, including 25 pathogenic mutations and seven variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Among them, the frequency of rare variants in the CHCHD10 gene was the highest. Surprisingly, twelve variants reported as pathogenic mutations were revised as VUS by ACMG. The correlations between genes and clinical manifestations were MAPT and frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), GRN and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 proteinopathy (FTLD-TDP), C9orf72/CHCHD10/TBK1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-FTD spectrum, and VCP corresponds inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD). Conclusions: It is necessary to strictly interpret the contributions of genes to diseases by ACMG. MAPT is the most common pathogenic gene for FTD in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China, and
| | - Xuewen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China, and.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mayfield RD, Zhu L, Smith TA, Tiwari GR, Tucker HO. The SMYD1 and skNAC transcription factors contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 9:100129. [PMID: 34589886 PMCID: PMC8474399 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
SMYD1 and the skNAC isoform of the NAC transcription factor have both previously been characterized as transcription factors in hematopoiesis and cardiac/skeletal muscle. Here we report that comparative analysis of genes deregulated by SMYD1 or skNAC knockdown in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts identified transcripts characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's Diseases (AD, PD, and HD). This led us to determine whether SMYD1 and skNAC function together or independently within the brain. Based on meta-analyses and direct experimentation, we observed SMYD1 and skNAC expression within cortical striata of human brains, mouse brains and transgenic mouse models of these diseases. We observed some of these features in mouse myoblasts induced to differentiate into neurons. Finally, several defining features of Alzheimer's pathology, including the brain-specific, axon-enriched microtubule-associated protein, Tau, are deregulated upon SMYD1 loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dayne Mayfield
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Lokey Stem Cell Research Building, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Tyler A. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Gayatri R. Tiwari
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Haley O. Tucker
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Parobkova E, van der Zee J, Dillen L, Van Broeckhoven C, Rusina R, Matej R. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Other Proteinopathies in Comorbidity. Front Neurol 2020; 11:596108. [PMID: 33329348 PMCID: PMC7735378 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.596108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (sCJD) is the most common type of a group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases). The etiology of the sporadic form of CJD is still unclear. sCJD can occur in combination with other neurodegenerative diseases, which further complicates the diagnosis. Alzheimer's disease (AD), e.g., is often seen in conjunction with sCJD. Method: In this study, we performed a systematic analysis of 15 genes related to the most important neurodegenerative diseases - AD, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, prion disease, and Parkinson's disease - in a cohort of sCJD and sCJD in comorbidity with AD and primary age-related proteinopathy (PART). A total of 30 neuropathologically verified cases of sCJD with and without additional proteinopathies were included in the study. In addition, we compared microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) haplotypes between sCJD patients and patients with sCJD and PART or sCJD and AD. Then we studied the interaction between the Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) and PRNP in sCJD patients. Results: We did not find any causal mutations in the neurodegenerative disease genes. We did detect a p.E318G missense variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in PSEN1 in three patients. In PRNP, we also found a previously described non-pathogenic insertion (p.P84_Q91Q). Conclusion: Our pilot study failed to find any critical differences between pure sCJD and sCJD in conjunction with other comorbid neurodegenerative diseases. Further investigations are needed to better understand this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Parobkova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,National Reference Laboratory for Human Prion Diseases, Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Julie van der Zee
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lubina Dillen
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Robert Rusina
- National Reference Laboratory for Human Prion Diseases, Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radoslav Matej
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,National Reference Laboratory for Human Prion Diseases, Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Benn CL, Dawson LA. Clinically Precedented Protein Kinases: Rationale for Their Use in Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:242. [PMID: 33117143 PMCID: PMC7494159 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinases are an intensively studied drug target class in current pharmacological research as evidenced by the large number of kinase inhibitors being assessed in clinical trials. Kinase-targeted therapies have potential for treatment of a broad array of indications including central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In addition to the many variables which contribute to identification of a successful therapeutic molecule, drug discovery for CNS-related disorders also requires significant consideration of access to the target organ and specifically crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To date, only a small number of kinase inhibitors have been reported that are specifically designed to be BBB permeable, which nonetheless demonstrates the potential for success. This review considers the potential for kinase inhibitors in the context of unmet medical need for neurodegenerative disease. A subset of kinases that have been the focus of clinical investigations over a 10-year period have been identified and discussed individually. For each kinase target, the data underpinning the validity of each in the context of neurodegenerative disease is critically evaluated. Selected molecules for each kinase are identified with information on modality, binding site and CNS penetrance, if known. Current clinical development in neurodegenerative disease are summarized. Collectively, the review indicates that kinase targets with sufficient rationale warrant careful design approaches with an emphasis on improving brain penetrance and selectivity.
Collapse
|
30
|
Phenotype Heterogeneity and Genotype Correlation of MAPT Mutations in a Chinese PUMCH Cohort. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:1015-1022. [PMID: 33006106 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous disease both clinically and pathologically. Genetic mutation in microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) is the most common cause of FTD, and the phenotype is related to the mutation location. However, the phenotype and genotype correlation varies somewhat among different cohorts and ethnicities. Whole-genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out for 1351 patients with dementia at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. MAPT variations classified as pathogenic and of uncertain significance were identified. Demographic information, clinical presentations, and neuroimaging were collected, and the phenotype-genotype correlation was analyzed with a concurrent literature review. Twenty-four patients were enrolled; 8 patients carrying the D177V mutation are discussed separately. The average onset age was young, and most of them had a positive family history. Cognitive dysfunction, behavior, and personality changes as well as aphasia were the most common presentations. Most structural MRIs showed asymmetrical atrophy of the temporal lobe, with/without similar changes in the frontal lobe. L266V carriers presented with youngest onset typical behavior variant FTD or aphasia; P301L carriers presented with behavior variant FTD or aphasia. Functional MRI and molecular imaging also showed that the involved areas were similar to those with structural atrophy. D296N carriers presented atypical parkinsonism and cognitive dysfunction at older ages. Eight D177V carriers had extraordinarily different manifestations. The clinical phenotype of most of them was not FTD, though cerebral vascular lesions were obvious in some of them. MAPT mutation is rare in Chinese dementia patients. The phenotype and genotype correlation is specific and overlaps. The D177V mutation is possibly not directly pathogenic in our cohort. Some of the variants might increase the genetic risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang W, Jiao B, Xiao T, Liu X, Liao X, Xiao X, Guo L, Yuan Z, Yan X, Tang B, Shen L. Association of rare variants in neurodegenerative genes with familial Alzheimer's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:1985-1995. [PMID: 32941707 PMCID: PMC7545599 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of rare variants underlying neurodegenerative‐related genes to familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods We performed targeted sequencing of 277 neurodegenerative‐related genes on probands from 75 Chinese AD families non‐carrying causative mutation of dementia genes. Rare coding variants segregated in families were tested for association in an independent cohort of 506 patients with sporadic AD and 498 cognitively normal controls. East Asians data from the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) were used as a reference control. Results A novel rare variant, P410S of PLD3 was found in an early‐onset AD family. LRRK2 I2012T, a causative mutation of Parkinson’s disease, was identified in another early‐onset AD family. Missense variants in ABCA7 (P143S and A1507T) and CR1(T239M) were significantly associated with familial AD (P = 0.005437, 0.001383, 0.000549), a missense variant in TREM2(S183C) was significantly associated with AD (P = 0.000396) when compared with the East Asian controls in ExAC database. A non‐frameshift variant in FUS (G223del) was frequent in AD cases and significantly associated with familial AD (P = 0.008). Interpretation Multiple rare coding variants of causal and risk neurodegenerative genes were presented in clinically diagnosed AD families that may confer risk of AD. Our data supported that the clinical, pathological, and genetic architectures of AD, PD, and FTD/ALS may overlapping. We propose that targeted sequencing on neurodegenerative‐related genes is necessary for genetically unclear AD families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Liao
- Department of Geriatric, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuewen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hogan R, Flamier A, Nardini E, Bernier G. The Role of BMI1 in Late-Onset Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070825. [PMID: 32708145 PMCID: PMC7397074 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) seems to contain a “hidden” component that cannot be explained by classical Mendelian genetics, with advanced aging being the strongest risk factor. More surprisingly, whole genome sequencing analyses of early-onset sporadic Alzheimer’s disease cohorts also revealed that most patients do not present classical disease-associated variants or mutations. In this short review, we propose that BMI1 is possibly epigenetically silenced in LOAD. Reduced BMI1 expression is unique to LOAD compared to familial early-onset AD (EOAD) and other related neurodegenerative disorders; moreover, reduced expression of this single gene is sufficient to reproduce most LOAD pathologies in cellular and animal models. We also show the apparent amyloid and Tau-independent nature of this epigenetic alteration of BMI1 expression. Lastly, examples of the mechanisms underlying epigenetic dysregulation of other LOAD-related genes are also illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hogan
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boul. l’Assomption, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada;
| | - Anthony Flamier
- Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; (A.F.); (E.N.)
| | - Eleonora Nardini
- Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; (A.F.); (E.N.)
| | - Gilbert Bernier
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boul. l’Assomption, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada;
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gollamudi S, Lekhraj R, Lalezari S, Lalezari P. COSMC mutations reduce T-synthase activity in advanced Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2020; 6:e12040. [PMID: 32607408 PMCID: PMC7317644 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in brain tissues that cumulate with age may contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abnormal glycoprotein and Tn antigen expression have been demonstrated in AD. We identified C1GALT1C1/COSMC mutations in AD and age-matched normals without AD. The COSMC coding mutations resulted in a significant reduction in T-synthase activity in advanced AD cases. METHODS Identification of COSMC mutations, Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (Q-RT-PCR), western blotting, and T-synthase activity assays. RESULTS COSMC mutations were detected in the promotor, coding region and 3'UTR in AD and normals. COSMC coding mutations demonstrated a correlation with AD progression. T-synthase levels were significantly elevated in advanced AD compared to AD III (P = 0.03) and normals (P = 0.002). T-synthase activity in advanced AD {Braak and Braak (B&B) stages V and VI} with COSMC coding mutations was 3-fold lower than advanced AD without mutations, and 1.3-fold lower than normal (P = 0.001) and AD B&B stage III (P = 0.01) with coding mutations. DISCUSSION COSMC coding mutations significantly diminished T-synthase activity in advanced AD, potentially causing defective galactosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Gollamudi
- Neurosurgery Research LaboratoryDepartment of NeurosurgeryMontefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Rukmani Lekhraj
- Neurosurgery Research LaboratoryDepartment of NeurosurgeryMontefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Shirin Lalezari
- Neurosurgery Research LaboratoryDepartment of NeurosurgeryMontefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Parviz Lalezari
- Neurosurgery Research LaboratoryDepartment of NeurosurgeryMontefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bagyinszky E, Giau VV, An SA. Transcriptomics in Alzheimer's Disease: Aspects and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3517. [PMID: 32429229 PMCID: PMC7278930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Although the heritability of AD is high, the knowledge of the disease-associated genes, their expression, and their disease-related pathways remain limited. Hence, finding the association between gene dysfunctions and pathological mechanisms, such as neuronal transports, APP processing, calcium homeostasis, and impairment in mitochondria, should be crucial. Emerging studies have revealed that changes in gene expression and gene regulation may have a strong impact on neurodegeneration. The mRNA-transcription factor interactions, non-coding RNAs, alternative splicing, or copy number variants could also play a role in disease onset. These facts suggest that understanding the impact of transcriptomes in AD may improve the disease diagnosis and also the therapies. In this review, we highlight recent transcriptome investigations in multifactorial AD, with emphasis on the insights emerging at their interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - SeongSoo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tan MA, Lagamayo MWD, Alejandro GJD, An SSA. Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cytotoxicity, anti-amyloidogenic activity and cyclooxygenase inhibition of Lasianthus trichophlebus (Rubiaceae). 3 Biotech 2020; 10:152. [PMID: 32181114 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-amyloidogenic potential and cyclooxygenase anti-inflammatory activity of Lasianthus trichophlebus extracts were evaluated. The MeOH extract (LTM) and chloroform extract (LTC) exhibited significant cytotoxic inhibition against the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell with an IC50 of 17.52 μg/mL and 12.28 μg/mL, respectively. Thioflavin T assay indicated the LTC extract inhibition (70.56% at 50 μg/mL) to be statistically comparable (p < 0.05) to the positive control. Cyclooxygenase inhibition against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes gave IC50 values for the LTM extract to be 18.20 and 29.60 µg/mL, respectively; while, the LTC extract showed 4.11 and 2.78 µg/mL, respectively. LC-MS of the LTM extract identified 22 putative compounds, which may prove to be pharmacologically relevant. This study has provided potential insights into the utilization of L. trichophlebus to develop safer plant-based agents for anti-inflammatory or neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Tan
- 1The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- 2College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- 3Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- 4Department of BionanoTechnology, Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | - Grecebio Jonathan D Alejandro
- 1The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- 2College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
- 3Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Seong Soo A An
- 4Department of BionanoTechnology, Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Senanarong V, An SSA, Giau VV, Limwongse C, Bagyinszky E, Kim S. Pathogenic PSEN1 Glu184Gly Mutation in a Family from Thailand with Probable Autosomal Dominant Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10030135. [PMID: 32121568 PMCID: PMC7151116 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10030135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A pathogenic mutation in PSEN1 p.Glu184Gly was discovered in a Thai family with early onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) as the first case in Asia. Proband patient presented memory impairment and anxiety at the age of 41 years. Family history was positive, since several family members were also diagnosed with dementia (father and grandfather). MRI in the patient revealed global cortical atrophy without specific lesions or lacuna infarctions. Extensive genetic profiling for 50 neurodegenerative disease related genes was performed by next generation sequencing (NGS) on the patient. PSEN1 Glu184Gly was previously reported in French families with frontal variant Alzheimer's disease (AD). Interestingly, this mutation is located near the splicing site and could possibly result in abnormal cleavage of PSEN1 transcript. Furthermore, 3D models from protein structural predictions revealed significant structural changes, since glycine may result in increased flexibility of TM-III helix. Inter/intra-helical interactions could also be altered. In the future, functional studies should be performed to verify the probable role PSEN1 Glu184Gly in amyloid beta processing and pathogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vorapun Senanarong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University and Thailand, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (V.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; )
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Chanin Limwongse
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University and Thailand, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (V.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (S.K.); Tel.: +82-31-750-8591 (E.B.); +82-31-787-7462 (S.K.); Fax: +82-31-719-6815 (S.K.)
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (S.K.); Tel.: +82-31-750-8591 (E.B.); +82-31-787-7462 (S.K.); Fax: +82-31-719-6815 (S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Castiglione A, Casa M, Gallo S, Sorrentino F, Dhima S, Cilia D, Lovo E, Gambin M, Previato M, Colombo S, Caserta E, Gheller F, Giacomelli C, Montino S, Limongi F, Brotto D, Gabelli C, Trevisi P, Bovo R, Martini A. Correspondence Between Cognitive and Audiological Evaluations Among the Elderly: A Preliminary Report of an Audiological Screening Model of Subjects at Risk of Cognitive Decline With Slight to Moderate Hearing Loss. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1279. [PMID: 31920475 PMCID: PMC6915032 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show increasing prevalence rates of cognitive decline and hearing loss with age, particularly after the age of 65 years. These conditions are reported to be associated, although conclusive evidence of causality and implications is lacking. Nevertheless, audiological and cognitive assessment among elderly people is a key target for comprehensive and multidisciplinary evaluation of the subject’s frailty status. To evaluate the use of tools for identifying older adults at risk of hearing loss and cognitive decline and to compare skills and abilities in terms of hearing and cognitive performances between older adults and young subjects, we performed a prospective cross-sectional study using supraliminal auditory tests. The relationship between cognitive assessment results and audiometric results was investigated, and reference ranges for different ages or stages of disease were determined. Patients older than 65 years with different degrees of hearing function were enrolled. Each subject underwent an extensive audiological assessment, including tonal and speech audiometry, Italian Matrix Sentence Test, and speech audiometry with logatomes in quiet. Cognitive function was screened and then verified by experienced clinicians using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and further investigations in some. One hundred twenty-three subjects were finally enrolled during 2016–2019: 103 were >65 years of age and 20 were younger participants (as controls). Cognitive functions showed a correlation with the audiological results in post-lingual hearing-impaired patients, in particular in those affected by slight to moderate hearing loss and aged more than 70 years. Audiological testing can thus be useful in clinical assessment and identification of patients at risk of cognitive impairment. The study was limited by its sample size (CI 95%; CL 10%), strict dependence on language, and hearing threshold. Further investigations should be conducted to confirm the reported results and to verify similar screening models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Castiglione
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mariella Casa
- Regional Center for the Study and Treatment of the Aging Brain, Department of Internal Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Samanta Gallo
- Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Flavia Sorrentino
- Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sonila Dhima
- Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Dalila Cilia
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Lovo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Gambin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maela Previato
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Simone Colombo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ezio Caserta
- Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Flavia Gheller
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Montino
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Limongi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
| | - Davide Brotto
- Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Gabelli
- Regional Center for the Study and Treatment of the Aging Brain, Department of Internal Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrizia Trevisi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Bovo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Complex Operative Unit of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Giau VV, Bagyinszky E, Youn YC, An SSA, Kim S. APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 Mutations in Asian Patients with Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4757. [PMID: 31557888 PMCID: PMC6801447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rapidly increasing in Asia. Mutations in the amyloid protein precursor (APP), presenilin-1 (PSEN1), and presenilin-2 (PSEN2) genes can cause autosomal dominant forms of early-onset AD (EOAD). Although these genes have been extensively studied, variant classification remains a challenge, highlighting the need to colligate mutations across populations. In this study, we performed a genetic screening for mutations in the APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes in 200 clinically diagnosed EOAD patients across four Asian countries, including Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Korea, between 2009 and 2018. Thirty-two (16%) patients presented pathogenic APP, PSEN1, or PSEN2 variants; eight (25%), 19 (59%), and five (16%) of the 32 patients presented APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 variants, respectively. Among the 21 novel and known non-synonymous variants, five APP variants were found in Korean patients and one APP variant was identified in a Thai patient with EOAD. Nine, two, and one PSEN1 mutation was found in a Korean patient, Malaysian siblings, and a Thai patient, respectively. Unlike PSEN1 mutations, PSEN2 mutations were rare in patients with EOAD; only three variants were found in Korean patients with EOAD. Comparison of AD-causative point mutations in Asian countries; our findings explained only a small fraction of patients, leaving approximately 84% (p = 0.01) of autosomal dominant pedigrees genetically unexplained. We suggest that the use of high-throughput sequencing technologies for EOAD patients can potentially improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vo Van Giau
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea.
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea.
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of BionanoTechnology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea.
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumidong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Association between CSF1 and CSF1R Polymorphisms and Parkinson's Disease in Taiwan. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101529. [PMID: 31554150 PMCID: PMC6832167 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: CSF1/CSF1R neuroinflammatory signaling is emerging as an important pathway involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the genetic associations between CSF1/CSF1R and PD have not yet been explored. Methods: We investigated the effects of two functional genetic variants, including CSF1 rs1058885 and CSF1R rs10079250 in a cohort including 502 Taiwanese patients with PD and 511 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Results: The CSF1 rs1058885 TT genotype was less frequent in PD patients compared with control subjects (odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–0.92, p = 0.015). The PD patients also had a lower frequency of the CSF1 rs1058885 T allele compared with the control subjects (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67–0.96, p = 0.014). No statistically significant differences in allelic and genotypic frequencies of CSF1R rs10079250 between the PD and control subjects were found, even after stratification by age at onset and gender. Conclusion: This study reports a genetic association between CSF1 and PD for the first time.
Collapse
|
40
|
Giau VV, Bagyinszky E, Youn YC, An SSA, Kim SY. Genetic Factors of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Their Potential Clinical Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174298. [PMID: 31484286 PMCID: PMC6747336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel diseases (SVD) have been causally correlated with ischemic strokes, leading to cognitive decline and vascular dementia. Neuroimaging and molecular genetic tests could improve diagnostic accuracy in patients with potential SVD. Several types of monogenic, hereditary cerebral SVD have been identified: cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL), cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), cathepsin A-related arteriopathy with strokes and leukoencephalopathy (CARASAL), hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS), COL4A1/2-related disorders, and Fabry disease. These disorders can be distinguished based on their genetics, pathological and imaging findings, clinical manifestation, and diagnosis. Genetic studies of sporadic cerebral SVD have demonstrated a high degree of heritability, particularly among patients with young-onset stroke. Common genetic variants in monogenic disease may contribute to pathological progress in several cerebral SVD subtypes, revealing distinct genetic mechanisms in different subtype of SVD. Hence, genetic molecular analysis should be used as the final gold standard of diagnosis. The purpose of this review was to summarize the recent discoveries made surrounding the genetics of cerebral SVD and their clinical significance, to provide new insights into the pathogenesis of cerebral SVD, and to highlight the possible convergence of disease mechanisms in monogenic and sporadic cerebral SVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vo Van Giau
- Department of Bionano Technology & Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Bionano Technology & Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Korea.
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology & Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea.
| | - Sang Yun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul 06973, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bagyinszky E, Kang MJ, Van Giau V, Shim K, Pyun JM, Suh J, An SSA, Kim S. Novel amyloid precursor protein mutation, Val669Leu ("Seoul APP"), in a Korean patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 84:236.e1-236.e7. [PMID: 31623876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel mutation in APP gene, Val669Leu ("Seoul APP"), was reported in a Korean female patient with Alzheimer's disease. She developed cognitive decline at 56 years of age, and her memory declined rapidly over one-year period from her 1st visit to the hospital. Her Mini-Mental State Examination scores dropped from 25/30 to 13/30. Two years later, she developed parkinsonian features, myoclonic jerk, and generalized seizure. As the disease progressed, aggravated diffuse brain atrophy and small-vessel ischemic lesion was also observed, and she became mute and vegetative in 4 years from the symptom onset. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild medial temporal lobe and hippocampal atrophy, and 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography showed bilateral temporoparietal hypometabolism. Plasma amyloid oligomer analysis revealed highly elevated Aβ oligomers levels in the proband patient. Family history revealed positive without biochemical confirmation because family members testified similar type of cognitive decline from the proband's mother and one of her aunt/uncle. Her half-siblings did not present any signs of memory impairment. Sanger sequencing of the proband patient revealed a novel mutation in APP gene, Val669Leu, but mutation was not found in her unaffected half-sisters. A designed algorithm by Guerreiro et al. on early-onset Alzheimer's disease-associated mutations suggested the mutation as possibly pathogenic mutation. On the other hand, PolyPhen2 and SIFT tools suggested as otherwise. Since the mutation was located nearby the β-secretase cleavage site of APP, right next to the Swedish APP (Lys,Met670/671Asn,Leu) mutation, it was named as "Seoul APP" mutation. 3D modeling revealed that this mutation could result in significant changes in loop orientation of APP and also its intramolecular interactions. Hence, a novel APP Val669Leu mutation could alter the binding interactions between APP and β-secretase, which may influence the Aβ40 and Aβ42 generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kang
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - KyuHwan Shim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Pyun
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewon Suh
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Potential Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174149. [PMID: 31450692 PMCID: PMC6747411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by a level of cognitive impairment that is lower than normal for a person’s age, but a higher function than that that observed in a demented person. MCI represents a transitional state between normal aging and dementia disorders, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Much effort has been made towards determining the prognosis of a person with MCI who will convert to AD. It is now clear that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, total tau and phosphorylated tau are useful for predicting the risk of progression from MCI to AD. This review highlights the advantages of the current blood-based biomarkers in MCI, and discusses some of these challenges, with an emphasis on recent studies to provide an overview of the current state of MCI.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ciani M, Bonvicini C, Scassellati C, Carrara M, Maj C, Fostinelli S, Binetti G, Ghidoni R, Benussi L. The Missing Heritability of Sporadic Frontotemporal Dementia: New Insights from Rare Variants in Neurodegenerative Candidate Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163903. [PMID: 31405128 PMCID: PMC6721049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a common form of dementia among early-onset cases. Several genetic factors for FTD have been revealed, but a large proportion of FTD cases still have an unidentified genetic origin. Recent studies highlighted common pathobiological mechanisms among neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we investigated a panel of candidate genes, previously described to be associated with FTD and/or other neurodegenerative diseases by targeted next generation sequencing (NGS). We focused our study on sporadic FTD (sFTD), devoid of disease-causing mutations in GRN, MAPT and C9orf72. Since genetic factors have a substantially higher pathogenetic contribution in early onset patients than in late onset dementia, we selected patients with early onset (<65 years). Our study revealed that, in 50% of patients, rare missense potentially pathogenetic variants in genes previously associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Lewy body dementia (GBA, ABCA7, PARK7, FUS, SORL1, LRRK2, ALS2), confirming genetic pleiotropy in neurodegeneration. In parallel, a synergic genetic effect on FTD is suggested by the presence of variants in five different genes in one single patient. Further studies employing genome-wide approaches might highlight pathogenic variants in novel genes that explain the still missing heritability of FTD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ciani
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristian Bonvicini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Catia Scassellati
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Carrara
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Carlo Maj
- Institute of Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Silvia Fostinelli
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Van Giau V, Pyun JM, Suh J, Bagyinszky E, An SSA, Kim SY. A pathogenic PSEN1 Trp165Cys mutation associated with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:188. [PMID: 31391004 PMCID: PMC6685246 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) is one of the causative genes for early onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD). Recently, emerging studies reported several novel PSEN1 mutations among Asian. We describe a male with EOAD had a pathogenic PSEN1 mutation. Case presentation A 53-year-old male presented with memory decline, followed by difficulty in finding ways. Patient had positive family history, since his mother and one of his brother was also affected with dementia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed mild degree of atrophy of bilateral hippocampus and parietal lobe. 18F-Florbetaben-PET (FBB-PET) revealed increased amyloid deposition in bilateral frontal, parietal, temporal lobe and precuneus. Whole exome analysis revealed a heterozygous, probably pathogenic PSEN1 (c.695G > T, p.W165C) mutation. Interestingly, Trp165Cys mutation is located in trans membrane (TM)-III region, which is conserved between PSEN1/PSEN2. In vitro studies revealed that PSEN1 Trp165Cys could result in disturbances in amyloid metabolism. This prediction was confirmed by structure predictions and previous in vitro studies that the p.Trp165Cys could result in decreased Aβ42/Aβ40 ratios. Conclusion We report a case of EOAD having a pathogenic PSEN1 (Trp165Cys) confirmed with in silico and in vitro predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vo Van Giau
- Department of Bionano Technology & Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 461-701, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Pyun
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumidong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, South Korea
| | - Jeewon Suh
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumidong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, South Korea
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Bionano Technology & Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 461-701, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology & Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Sungnam-daero, Sujung-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 461-701, South Korea.
| | - Sang Yun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumidong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Novel GRN mutations in Koreans with Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Cell Toxicol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-0038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
46
|
Giau VV, Bagyinszky E, Yang YS, Youn YC, An SSA, Kim SY. Genetic analyses of early-onset Alzheimer's disease using next generation sequencing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8368. [PMID: 31182772 PMCID: PMC6557896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative dementia, but the cause of AD remained poorly understood. Many mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 and 2 (PSEN1 and PSEN2) have been reported as the pathogenic causes of early-onset AD (EOAD), which accounts for up to 5% of all AD cases. In this study, we screened familiar/de novo EOAD (n = 67) samples by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of a 50-gene panel, which included causative and possible pathogenic variants linked to neurodegenerative disorders. Remarkably, three missense mutations in PSEN1 (T119I, G209A, and G417A) and one known variant in PSEN2 (H169N) were discovered in 6% of the cases. Additionally, 67 missense mutations in susceptibility genes for late-onset AD were identified, which may be involved in cholesterol transport, inflammatory response, and β-amyloid modulation. We identified 70 additional novel and missense variants in other genes, such as MAPT, GRN, CSF1R, and PRNP, related to neurodegenerative diseases, which may represent overlapping clinical and neuropathological features with AD. Extensive genetic screening of Korean patients with EOAD identified multiple rare variants with potential roles in AD pathogenesis. This study suggests that individuals diagnosed with AD should be screened for other neurodegenerative disease-associated genes. Our findings expand the classic set of genes involved in neurodegenerative pathogenesis, which should be screened for in clinical trials. Main limitation of this study was the absence of functional assessment for possibly and probably pathogenic variants. Additional issues were that we could not perform studies on copy number variants, and we could not verify the segregation of mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vo Van Giau
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, South Korea
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, South Korea
| | - Young Soon Yang
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, 05368, South Korea
| | - Young Chul Youn
- Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, 06973, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, South Korea.
| | - Sang Yun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine & Neurocognitive Behavior Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|