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Xie S, Liang Y, Song Y, Li T, Jia J. Repurposing Anidulafungin for Alzheimer's Disease via Fragment-Based Drug Discovery. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2995-3008. [PMID: 39096284 PMCID: PMC11342299 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The misfolding and aggregation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides have been implicated as key pathogenic events in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibiting Aβ aggregation represents a potential disease-modifying therapeutic approach to AD treatment. Previous studies have identified various molecules that inhibit Aβ aggregation, some of which share common chemical substructures (fragments) that may be key to their inhibitory activity. Employing fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) methods may facilitate the identification of these fragments, which can subsequently be used to screen new inhibitors and provide leads for further drug development. In this study, we used an in silico FBDD approach to identify 17 fragment clusters that are significantly enriched among Aβ aggregation inhibitors. These fragments were then used to screen anti-infective agents, a promising drug class for repurposing against amyloid aggregation. This screening process identified 16 anti-infective drugs, 5 of which were chosen for further investigation. Among the 5 candidates, anidulafungin, an antifungal compound, showed high efficacy in inhibiting Aβ aggregation in vitro. Kinetic analysis revealed that anidulafungin selectively blocks the primary nucleation step of Aβ aggregation, substantially delaying Aβ fibril formation. Cell viability assays demonstrated that anidulafungin can reduce the toxicity of oligomeric Aβ on BV2 microglia cells. Molecular docking simulations predicted that anidulafungin interacted with various Aβ species, including monomers, oligomers, and fibrils, potentially explaining its activity against Aβ aggregation and toxicity. This study suggests that anidulafungin is a potential drug to be repurposed for AD, and FBDD is a promising approach for discovering drugs to combat Aβ aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Xie
- Innovation
Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu
Hospital, Capital Medical University, National
Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Yumei Liang
- Innovation
Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu
Hospital, Capital Medical University, National
Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Yang Song
- Innovation
Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu
Hospital, Capital Medical University, National
Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Innovation
Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu
Hospital, Capital Medical University, National
Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation
Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu
Hospital, Capital Medical University, National
Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
- Clinical
Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
- Center
of Alzheimer’s Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders,
Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
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Flieger J, Forma A, Flieger W, Flieger M, Gawlik PJ, Dzierżyński E, Maciejewski R, Teresiński G, Baj J. Carotenoid Supplementation for Alleviating the Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8982. [PMID: 39201668 PMCID: PMC11354426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by, among other things, dementia and a decline in cognitive performance. In AD, dementia has neurodegenerative features and starts with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Research indicates that apoptosis and neuronal loss occur in AD, in which oxidative stress plays an important role. Therefore, reducing oxidative stress with antioxidants is a natural strategy to prevent and slow down the progression of AD. Carotenoids are natural pigments commonly found in fruits and vegetables. They include lipophilic carotenes, such as lycopene, α- and β-carotenes, and more polar xanthophylls, for example, lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin. Carotenoids can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and scavenge free radicals, especially singlet oxygen, which helps prevent the peroxidation of lipids abundant in the brain. As a result, carotenoids have neuroprotective potential. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, as well as randomized controlled trials, have mostly confirmed that carotenoids can help prevent neurodegeneration and alleviate cognitive impairment in AD. While carotenoids have not been officially approved as an AD therapy, they are indicated in the diet recommended for AD, including the consumption of products rich in carotenoids. This review summarizes the latest research findings supporting the potential use of carotenoids in preventing and alleviating AD symptoms. A literature review suggests that a diet rich in carotenoids should be promoted to avoid cognitive decline in AD. One of the goals of the food industry should be to encourage the enrichment of food products with functional substances, such as carotenoids, which may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (M.F.); (G.T.)
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.)
| | - Michał Flieger
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (M.F.); (G.T.)
| | - Piotr J. Gawlik
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.)
| | - Eliasz Dzierżyński
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St. John’s Cancer Center, ul. Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.)
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Institute of Health Sciences, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (M.F.); (G.T.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
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Pružinská K, Chrastina M, Khademnematolahi S, Vyletelová V, Gajdošová L, Pastvová L, Dráfi F, Poništ S, Pašková Ľ, Kucharská J, Sumbalová Z, Muchová J, Martiniaková S, Bauerová K. Astaxanthin, Compared to Other Carotenoids, Increases the Efficacy of Methotrexate in Rat Adjuvant Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8710. [PMID: 39201397 PMCID: PMC11354740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This in vivo study performed in rat adjuvant arthritis aims to advance the understanding of astaxanthin's therapeutic properties for the possible treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in monotherapy and along with the standard RA treatment, methotrexate (MTX), in combination therapy. The main goal was to elucidate astaxanthin's full therapeutic potential, evaluate its dose dependency, and compare its effects in monotherapy with other carotenoids such as β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin (KXAN). Moreover, potential differences in therapeutic activity caused by using different sources of astaxanthin, synthetic (ASYN) versus isolated from Blakeslea trispora (ASTAP), were evaluated using one-way ANOVA (Tukey-Kramer post hoc test). KXAN was the most effective in reducing plasma MMP-9 levels in monotherapy, significantly better than MTX, and in reducing hind paw swelling. The differences in the action of ASTAP and ASYN have been observed across various biometric, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative parameters. In combined therapy with MTX, the ASYN + MTX combination proved to be better. These findings, especially the significant anti-arthritic effect of KXAN and ASYN + MTX, could be the basis for further preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Pružinská
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 10701/4A, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.K.); (F.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Martin Chrastina
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.K.); (F.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Sasan Khademnematolahi
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.K.); (F.D.); (S.P.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Vyletelová
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (Ľ.P.)
| | - Lívia Gajdošová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.G.); (L.P.); (Z.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Lucia Pastvová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.G.); (L.P.); (Z.S.); (J.M.)
| | - František Dráfi
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.K.); (F.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvester Poništ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.K.); (F.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.V.); (Ľ.P.)
| | - Jarmila Kucharská
- Pharmacobiochemical Laboratory of Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Špitálska 24, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Sumbalová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.G.); (L.P.); (Z.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Jana Muchová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.G.); (L.P.); (Z.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Silvia Martiniaková
- Department of Food Technology, Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Katarína Bauerová
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.C.); (S.K.); (F.D.); (S.P.)
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Guardado Yordi E, Pérez Martínez A, Radice M, Scalvenzi L, Abreu-Naranjo R, Uriarte E, Santana L, Matos MJ. Seaweeds as Source of Bioactive Pigments with Neuroprotective and/or Anti-Neurodegenerative Activities: Astaxanthin and Fucoxanthin. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:327. [PMID: 39057436 PMCID: PMC11277739 DOI: 10.3390/md22070327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The marine kingdom is an important source of a huge variety of scaffolds inspiring the design of new drugs. The complex molecules found in the oceans present a great challenge to organic and medicinal chemists. However, the wide variety of biological activities they can display is worth the effort. In this article, we present an overview of different seaweeds as potential sources of bioactive pigments with activity against neurodegenerative diseases, especially due to their neuroprotective effects. Along with a broad introduction to seaweed as a source of bioactive pigments, this review is especially focused on astaxanthin and fucoxanthin as potential neuroprotective and/or anti-neurodegenerative agents. PubMed and SciFinder were used as the main sources to search and select the most relevant scientific articles within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Guardado Yordi
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Amaury Pérez Martínez
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Matteo Radice
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Laura Scalvenzi
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Reinier Abreu-Naranjo
- Universidad Estatal Amazónica, 160101 Puyo, Ecuador; (E.G.Y.); (A.P.M.); (M.R.); (L.S.); (R.A.-N.)
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.U.); (L.S.)
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.U.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Joao Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.U.); (L.S.)
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Zakaria N, Wan Harun WMRS, Mohammad Latif MA, Azaman SNA, Abdul Rahman MB, Faujan NH. Effects of anthocyanidins on the conformational transition of Aβ (1-42) peptide: Insights from molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 129:108732. [PMID: 38412813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies has shown that anthocyanins and anthocyanidins can reduce and inhibit the amyloid beta (Aβ) species, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their inhibition mechanisms on Aβ species at molecular details remain elusive. Therefore, in the present study, molecular modelling methods were employed to investigate their inhibitory mechanisms on Aβ(1-42) peptide. The results highlighted that anthocyanidins effectively inhibited the conformational transitions of helices into beta-sheet (β-sheet) conformation within Aβ(1-42) peptide by two different mechanisms: 1) the obstruction of two terminals from coming into contact due to the binding of anthocyanidins with residues of N- and second hydrophobic core (SHC)-C-terminals, and 2) the prevention of the folding process due to the binding of anthocyanidin with the central polar (Asp23 and Lys28) and native helix (Asp23, Lys28, and Leu34) residues. These new findings on the inhibition of β-sheet formation by targeting both N- and SHC-C-terminals, and the long-established target, D23-K28 salt bridge residues, not with the conventional central hydrophobic core (CHC) as reported in the literature, might aid in designing more potent inhibitors for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norzalina Zakaria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Macromolecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Integrated Chemical Biophysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhammad Alif Mohammad Latif
- Center of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Macromolecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Integrated Chemical Biophysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Ani Azaman
- Center of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Macromolecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Integrated Chemical Biophysics Research, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hana Faujan
- Center of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Macromolecular Simulation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Natural Medicine and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ding H, Xing F, Zou L, Zhao L. QSAR analysis of VEGFR-2 inhibitors based on machine learning, Topomer CoMFA and molecule docking. BMC Chem 2024; 18:59. [PMID: 38555462 PMCID: PMC10981835 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors are clinically approved drugs that can effectively target cancer angiogenesis. However, such inhibitors have adverse effects such as skin toxicity, gastrointestinal reactions and hepatic impairment. In this study, machine learning and Topomer CoMFA, which is an alignment-dependent, descriptor-based method, were employed to build structural activity relationship models of potentially new VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The prediction ac-curacy of the training and test sets of the 2D-SAR model were 82.4 and 80.1%, respectively, with KNN. Topomer CoMFA approach was then used for 3D-QSAR modeling of VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The coefficient of q2 for cross-validation of the model 1 was greater than 0.5, suggesting that a stable drug activity-prediction model was obtained. Molecular docking was further performed to simulate the interactions between the five most promising compounds and VEGFR-2 target protein and the Total Scores were all greater than 6, indicating that they had a strong hydrogen bond interactions were present. This study successfully used machine learning to obtain five potentially novel VEGFR-2 inhibitors to increase our arsenal of drugs to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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Kulczyński B, Sidor A, Brzozowska A, Gramza-Michałowska A. The role of carotenoids in bone health-A narrative review. Nutrition 2024; 119:112306. [PMID: 38211461 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis constitutes a serious challenge for public health. Dietary patterns belong to important, modifiable risk factors of this disease. Therefore, what and in what quantities we consume on a daily basis are extremely relevant. It is commonly known that bone health is positively affected by vitamins (e.g., vitamin D and vitamin K) as well as mineral components (e.g., calcium and magnesium). However, the human diet consists of many other groups of compounds that exhibit a potential antiosteoporotic and supporting bone-building effect. These dietary components include carotenoids. This paper presents a broad review of studies on the influence of particular carotenoids (β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene) on bones. The paper discusses up-to-date in vitro experiments and research on animal models and presents how the results translate into clinical effect in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Kulczyński
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sidor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Brzozowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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Song Y, Cheng F, Du Y, Zheng J, An Y, Lu Y. Higher Adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP Dietary Patterns Is Associated with Better Cognition among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3974. [PMID: 37764758 PMCID: PMC10535050 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The available evidence regarding the association between adherence to the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns and cognitive performance exhibits inconsistency, and its applicability within the Asian population remains uncertain. The association between adherence to the Chinese Food Pagoda (CHFP) and cognitive function is also unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP different dietary patterns and cognitive function. The study included 3353 Chinese adults aged 55 years and over from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2006. A 24 h dietary recall over three consecutive days was used to collect dietary information. Dietary patterns included AMED, DASH, and CHFP. A subset of items from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified was used for cognitive screening. Poor cognitive performance was defined as a global cognitive function score < 7. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the association between adherence to the three different dietary patterns and cognitive function. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that there is a negative association between higher adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP and poorer cognitive performance (AMED: OR = 0.594, 95% CI = 0.458-0.771, p < 0.001; DASH: OR = 0.652, 95% CI = 0.504-0.843, p = 0.001; CHFP: OR = 0.599, 95% CI = 0.417-0.861, p = 0.006). There was a significant interaction between each of the three dietary patterns and residential regions (AMED: p for interaction = 0.045; DASH: p for interaction = 0.003; CHFP: p for interaction < 0.001). Higher adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP dietary patterns was inversely associated with poor cognition in Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults, particularly among urban residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Fangxiao Cheng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yage Du
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yu An
- Endocrinology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100020, China;
| | - Yanhui Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
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Kobayashi Y, Sugahara K, Takemoto Y, Tsuda J, Hirose Y, Hashimoto M, Yamashita H. Protective effect of astaxanthin nanoemulsion on mammalian inner ear hair cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15562. [PMID: 37701833 PMCID: PMC10494832 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used for treating certain acute infections. However, these drugs cause ototoxicity by inducing inner ear hair cell death. Aims/Objectives We investigated the protective effect of a nanoemulsion of the carotenoid astaxanthin on mammalian inner ear hair cells against neomycin-induced ototoxicity. Material and Methods Dose-response relationship, quantification of hair cell loss, and reactive oxygen species production were assayed in response to neomycin with and without astaxanthin in cultured utricles of CBA/N mice. In addition, auditory brain response (ABR) and hair cell loss after exposure to the nanoformulation and loud noise were examined in vivo in guinea pigs. Results Astaxanthin suppressed neomycin-induced reduction of hair cells by reducing the production of hydroxy radicals. Furthermore, hair cell loss in the second rotation of the cochlea was significantly lower in the astaxanthin group than in the noise-only group. Conclusions and Significance The blood-labyrinth barrier limits the successful delivery of drugs for inner ear complications. However, in the nanoemulsion form, astaxanthin can penetrate the round window (fenestra ovale) membrane, enabling topical administration. Thus, astaxanthin nanoemulsion could be useful in treating ototoxicity in individuals with inner ear complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kobayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugahara
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Takemoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Junko Tsuda
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Hirose
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
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10
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Lu X, Li W, Wang Q, Wang J, Qin S. Progress on the Extraction, Separation, Biological Activity, and Delivery of Natural Plant Pigments. Molecules 2023; 28:5364. [PMID: 37513236 PMCID: PMC10385551 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural plant pigments are safe and have low toxicity, with various nutrients and biological activities. However, the extraction, preservation, and application of pigments are limited due to the instability of natural pigments. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the extraction and application processes of natural plant pigments in detail. This review discusses the classification, extraction methods, biological activities, and modification methods that could improve the stability of various pigments from plants, providing a reference for applying natural plant pigments in the industry and the cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Lu
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264032, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264032, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264032, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Song Qin
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264032, China
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11
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Phoraksa O, Chimkerd C, Thiyajai P, Judprasong K, Tuntipopipat S, Tencomnao T, Charoenkiatkul S, Muangnoi C, Sukprasansap M. Neuroprotective Effects of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Leaf Extract against Glutamate-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in Human Microglial Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:989. [PMID: 37513900 PMCID: PMC10384906 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by excessive glutamate in the central nervous system leads to neurodegeneration. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. has been reported to possess neuroprotective properties. We aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of A. lebbeck leaf extracts on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis linked to ER stress using human microglial HMC3 cells. A. lebbeck leaves were extracted using hexane (AHE), mixed solvents, and ethanol. Each different extract was evaluated for cytotoxic effects on HMC3 cells, and then non-cytotoxic concentrations of the extracts were pretreated with the cells, followed by glutamate. Our results showed that AHE treatment exhibited the highest protective effect and was thus selected for finding the mechanistic approach. AHE inhibited the specific ER stress proteins (calpain1 and caspase-12). AHE also suppressed the apoptotic proteins (Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3); however, it also increased the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. Remarkably, AHE increased cellular antioxidant activities (SOD, CAT, and GPx). To support the activation of antioxidant defense and inhibition of apoptosis in our HMC3 cell model, the bioactive phytochemicals within AHE were identified by HPLC analysis. We found that AHE had high levels of carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein) and flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol). Our novel findings indicate that AHE can inhibit glutamate-induced neurotoxicity via ER stress and apoptosis signaling pathways by activating cellular antioxidant enzymes in HMC3 cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for neuroprotection. As such, A. lebbeck leaf might potentially represent a promising source and novel alternative approach for preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onuma Phoraksa
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanika Chimkerd
- Center of Analysis for Product Quality (Natural Products Division), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Parunya Thiyajai
- Food Chemistry Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Kunchit Judprasong
- Food Chemistry Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Tuntipopipat
- Cell and Animal Model Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Somsri Charoenkiatkul
- Food Chemistry Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Chawanphat Muangnoi
- Cell and Animal Model Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Monruedee Sukprasansap
- Food Toxicology Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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12
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Enayati A, Rezaei A, Falsafi SR, Rostamabadi H, Malekjani N, Akhavan-Mahdavi S, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Bixin-loaded colloidal nanodelivery systems, techniques and applications. Food Chem 2023; 412:135479. [PMID: 36709686 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bixin is the cis-carotenoid from the seed of achiote tree or annatto. It is an approved liposoluble apocarotenoid by FDA as colorant and additive in the food industry. Nonetheless, bixin is unstable in the presence of oxygen, light, high pHs (alkali) and heat; thereby reducing its bioavailability/bioactivity, and also, with a low solubility in water. Some biopolymeric (e.g., nanofibers, nanogels, and nanotubes) and lipid-based nanocarriers (nanoliposomes, niosomes, hexosomes, nanoemulsions, solid-lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers) have been introduced for bixin. Thus, this review focuses on the updated information regarding bixin-loaded nanodelivery platforms. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive review of bioavailability, physicochemical properties, and applications of nanoencapsulated-bixin as an additive, its release rate and safety issues. These findings will bring potential strategies for the usage of nanocarriers in managing bixin defaults to improve its broad application in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Atefe Rezaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seid Reza Falsafi
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Hadis Rostamabadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Narjes Malekjani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sahar Akhavan-Mahdavi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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13
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Gandla K, Babu AK, Unnisa A, Sharma I, Singh LP, Haque MA, Dashputre NL, Baig S, Siddiqui FA, Khandaker MU, Almujally A, Tamam N, Sulieman A, Khan SL, Emran TB. Carotenoids: Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases Remediation. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030457. [PMID: 36979267 PMCID: PMC10046158 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous factors can contribute to the development of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Oxidative stress (OS), a fairly common ND symptom, can be caused by more reactive oxygen species being made. In addition, the pathological state of NDs, which includes a high number of protein aggregates, could make chronic inflammation worse by activating microglia. Carotenoids, often known as "CTs", are pigments that exist naturally and play a vital role in the prevention of several brain illnesses. CTs are organic pigments with major significance in ND prevention. More than 600 CTs have been discovered in nature, and they may be found in a wide variety of creatures. Different forms of CTs are responsible for the red, yellow, and orange pigments seen in many animals and plants. Because of their unique structure, CTs exhibit a wide range of bioactive effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The preventive effects of CTs have led researchers to find a strong correlation between CT levels in the body and the avoidance and treatment of several ailments, including NDs. To further understand the connection between OS, neuroinflammation, and NDs, a literature review has been compiled. In addition, we have focused on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of CTs for the treatment and management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Hanamakonda 506001, Telangana, India
| | - Ancha Kishore Babu
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University, Persiaran Seriemas, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Aziz Unnisa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Indu Sharma
- Department of Physics, Career Point University, Hamirpur 176041, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Laliteshwar Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Jamuhar, Sasaram 821305, Bihar, India
| | - Mahammad Akiful Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Anurag University, Hyderabad 500088, Telangana, India
| | - Neelam Laxman Dashputre
- Department of Pharmacology, METs, Institute of Pharmacy Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik 422003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shahajan Baig
- Clinical Research Associate, Clinnex, Ahmedabad 380054, Gujarat, India
| | - Falak A Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa 413520, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Almujally
- Department of Biomedical Physics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nissren Tamam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmoneim Sulieman
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 422, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharuk L Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N.B.S. Institute of Pharmacy, Ausa 413520, Maharashtra, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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14
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González Y, Mojica-Flores R, Moreno-Labrador D, Cubilla-Rios L, Rao KSJ, Fernández PL, Larionov OV, Lakey-Beitia J. Polyphenols with Anti-Inflammatory Properties: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel Curcumin Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043691. [PMID: 36835104 PMCID: PMC9966181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of anti-inflammatory activities of new curcumin derivatives. The thirteen curcumin derivatives were synthesized by Steglich esterification on one or both of the phenolic rings of curcumin with the aim of providing improved anti-inflammatory activity. Monofunctionalized compounds showed better bioactivity than the difunctionalized derivatives in terms of inhibiting IL-6 production, and known compound 2 presented the highest activity. Additionally, this compound showed strong activity against PGE2. Structure-activity relationship studies were carried out for both IL-6 and PGE2, and it was found that the activity of this series of compounds increases when a free hydroxyl group or aromatic ligands are present on the curcumin ring and a linker moiety is absent. Compound 2 remained the highest activity in modulating IL-6 production and showed strong activity against PGE2 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisett González
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Randy Mojica-Flores
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
| | - Dilan Moreno-Labrador
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
| | - Luis Cubilla-Rios
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
- Laboratory of Tropical Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Panama City 0824-03366, Panama
| | - K. S. Jagannatha Rao
- Center for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF) Deemed to be University, Vaddeswaram 522 302, India
| | - Patricia L. Fernández
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Oleg V. Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
- Correspondence: (O.V.L.); (J.L.-B.); Tel.: +1-210-458-6050 (O.V.L.); +507-517-0700 (J.L.-B.)
| | - Johant Lakey-Beitia
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816-02852, Panama
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama
- Correspondence: (O.V.L.); (J.L.-B.); Tel.: +1-210-458-6050 (O.V.L.); +507-517-0700 (J.L.-B.)
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15
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Oliyaei N, Moosavi-Nasab M, Tanideh N, Iraji A. Multiple roles of fucoxanthin and astaxanthin against Alzheimer's disease: Their pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights. Brain Res Bull 2023; 193:11-21. [PMID: 36435362 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting the elderly. The exact pathology of AD is not yet fully understood and several hallmarks such as the deposition of amyloid-β, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuroinflammation, as well as mitochondrial, metal ions, autophagy, and cholinergic dysfunctions are known as pathologic features of AD. Since no definitive treatment has been proposed to target AD to date, many natural products have shown promising preventive potentials and contributed to slowing down the disease progression. Algae is a promising source of novel bioactive substances known to prevent neurodegenerative disorders including AD. In this context, fucoxanthin and astaxanthin, natural carotenoids abundant in algae, has shown to possess neuroprotective properties through antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory characteristics in modulating the symptoms of AD. Fucoxanthin and astaxanthin exhibit anti-AD activities by inhibition of AChE, BuChE, BACE-1, and MAO, suppression of Aβ accumulation. Also, fucoxanthin and astaxanthin inhibit apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42 and H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, and modulate the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), through inhibition of the ERK pathway. Moreover, cellular and animal studies on the beneficial effects of fucoxanthin and astaxanthin against AD were also reviewed. The potential role of fucoxanthin and astaxanthin exhibits great efficacy for the management of AD by acting on multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Oliyaei
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moosavi-Nasab
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Central Research laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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16
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Savvidou MG, Georgiopoulou I, Antoniou N, Tzima S, Kontou M, Louli V, Fatouros C, Magoulas K, Kolisis FN. Extracts from Chlorella vulgaris Protect Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:361. [PMID: 36679074 PMCID: PMC9866266 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae as unicellular eukaryotic organisms demonstrate several advantages for biotechnological and biological applications. Natural derived microalgae products demand has increased in food, cosmetic and nutraceutical applications lately. The natural antioxidants have been used for attenuation of mitochondrial cell damage caused by oxidative stress. This study evaluates the in vitro protective effect of Chlorella vulgaris bioactive extracts against oxidative stress in human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). The classical solid-liquid and the supercritical extraction, using biomass of commercially available and laboratory cultivated C. vulgaris, are employed. Oxidative stress induced by 300 μM H2O2 reduces cell viability of MSCs. The addition of C. vulgaris extracts, with increased protein content compared to carbohydrates, to H2O2 treated MSCs counteracted the oxidative stress, reducing reactive oxygen species levels without affecting MSC proliferation. The supercritical extraction was the most efficient extraction method for carotenoids resulting in enhanced antioxidant activity. Pre-treatment of MSCs with C. vulgaris extracts mitigates the oxidative damage ensued by H2O2. Initial proteomic analysis of secretome from licensed (TNFα-activated) MSCs treated with algal extracts reveals a signature of differentially regulated proteins that fall into clinically relevant pathways such as inflammatory signaling. The enhanced antioxidative and possibly anti-inflammatory capacity could be explored in the context of future cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Savvidou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioulia Georgiopoulou
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Nasia Antoniou
- TheraCell Advanced Biotechnologies, 14564 Kifisia, Greece
| | - Soultana Tzima
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kontou
- TheraCell Advanced Biotechnologies, 14564 Kifisia, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Louli
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kostis Magoulas
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Transport Phenomena, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Fragiskos N. Kolisis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
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17
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Dorey CK, Gierhart D, Fitch KA, Crandell I, Craft NE. Low Xanthophylls, Retinol, Lycopene, and Tocopherols in Grey and White Matter of Brains with Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:1-17. [PMID: 35988225 PMCID: PMC10357197 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress contributes to pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Higher levels of the dietary antioxidants- carotenoids and tocopherols- are associated with better cognitive functions and lower risk for AD, and lower levels of multiple carotenoids are found in serum and plasma of patients with AD. Although brains donated by individuals with mild cognitive impairment had significantly lower levels of lutein and beta-carotene, previous investigators found no significant difference in carotenoid levels of brains with AD and cognitively normal brains. OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that micronutrients are significantly lower in donor brains with AD than in healthy elderly brains. METHODS Samples of donor brains with confirmed AD or verified health were dissected into grey and white matter, extracted with organic solvents and analyzed by HPLC. RESULTS AD brains had significantly lower levels of lutein, zeaxanthin, anhydrolutein, retinol, lycopene, and alpha-tocopherol, and significantly increased levels of XMiAD, an unidentified xanthophyll metabolite. No meso-zeaxanthin was detected. The overlapping protective roles of xanthophylls, carotenes, α- and γ-tocopherol are discussed. CONCLUSION Brains with AD had substantially lower concentrations of some, but not all, xanthophylls, carotenes, and tocopherols, and several-fold higher concentrations of an unidentified xanthophyll metabolite increased in AD (XMiAD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karlotta A. Fitch
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ian Crandell
- Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
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18
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Batool Z, Chen JH, Gao Y, Lu LW, Xu H, Liu B, Wang M, Chen F. Natural Carotenoids as Neuroprotective Agents for Alzheimer's Disease: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15631-15646. [PMID: 36480951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of an ever-increasing aging population with various pathological features such as β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, oxidative stress, an impaired cholinergic system, and neuroinflammation. Several therapeutic drugs have been introduced to slow the progression of AD by targeting the above-mentioned pathways. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that naturally occurring compounds have the potential to serve as adjuvant therapies to alleviate AD symptoms. Carotenoids, a group of natural pigments with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, are proposed to be implicated in neuroprotection. To obtain a comprehensive picture of the effect of carotenoids on AD prevention and development, we critically reviewed and discussed recent evidence from in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and human studies in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane (CENTRAL). After analyzing the existing evidence, we found that high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking to explore the neuroprotective role of carotenoids in AD pathogenesis and symptoms, especially carotenoids with solid preclinical evidence such as astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, macular carotenoids, and crocin, in order to develop effective preventive dietary supplements for AD patients to ameliorate the symptoms. This review points out directions for future studies to advance the knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Batool
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jie-Hua Chen
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Louise Weiwei Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Auckland 1010, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Haoxie Xu
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Natural Astaxanthin Is a Green Antioxidant Able to Counteract Lipid Peroxidation and Ferroptotic Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315137. [PMID: 36499464 PMCID: PMC9737268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a red orange xanthophyll carotenoid produced mainly by microalgae but which can also be chemically synthesized. As demonstrated by several studies, this lipophilic molecule is endowed with potent antioxidant properties and is able to modulate biological functions. Unlike synthetic astaxanthin, natural astaxanthin (NAst) is considered safe for human nutrition, and its production is considered eco-friendly. The antioxidant activity of astaxanthin depends on its bioavailability, which, in turn, is related to its hydrophobicity. In this study, we analyzed the water-solubility of NAst and assessed its protective effect against oxidative stress by means of different approaches using a neuroblastoma cell model. Moreover, due to its highly lipophilic nature, astaxanthin is particularly protective against lipid peroxidation; therefore, the role of NAst in counteracting ferroptosis was investigated. This recently discovered process of programmed cell death is indeed characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and seems to be linked to the onset and development of oxidative-stress-related diseases. The promising results of this study, together with the "green sources" from which astaxanthin could derive, suggest a potential role for NAst in the prevention and co-treatment of chronic degenerative diseases by means of a sustainable approach.
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Metibemu DS, Ogungbe IV. Carotenoids in Drug Discovery and Medicine: Pathways and Molecular Targets Implicated in Human Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:6005. [PMID: 36144741 PMCID: PMC9503763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are isoprenoid-derived natural products produced in plants, algae, fungi, and photosynthetic bacteria. Most animals cannot synthesize carotenoids because the biosynthetic machinery to create carotenoids de novo is absent in animals, except arthropods. Carotenoids are biosynthesized from two C20 geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) molecules made from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) via the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) route. Carotenoids can be extracted by a variety of methods, including maceration, Soxhlet extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE). Carotenoids have been reported to exert various biochemical actions, including the inhibition of the Akt/mTOR, Bcl-2, SAPK/JNK, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Nrf2/Keap1, and NF-κB signaling pathways and the ability to increase cholesterol efflux to HDL. Carotenoids are absorbed in the intestine. A handful of carotenoids and carotenoid-based compounds are in clinical trials, while some are currently used as medicines. The application of metabolic engineering techniques for carotenoid production, whole-genome sequencing, and the use of plants as cell factories to produce specialty carotenoids presents a promising future for carotenoid research. In this review, we discussed the biosynthesis and extraction of carotenoids, the roles of carotenoids in human health, the metabolism of carotenoids, and carotenoids as a source of drugs and supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ifedayo Victor Ogungbe
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217-0095, USA
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21
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Unravelling the neuroprotective mechanisms of carotenes in differentiated human neural cells: Biochemical and proteomic approaches. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 4:100088. [PMID: 35415676 PMCID: PMC8991711 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Total mixed carotenes (TMC) protect differentiated human neural cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced toxicity. TMC elevated the antioxidant enzymes activities and suppressed generation of reactive oxygen species. TMC augmented the dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase levels. TMC exerted differential protein expression in human neural cells.
Carotenoids, fat-soluble pigments found ubiquitously in plants and fruits, have been reported to exert significant neuroprotective effects against free radicals. However, the neuroprotective effects of total mixed carotenes complex (TMC) derived from virgin crude palm oil have not been studied extensively. Therefore, the present study was designed to establish the neuroprotective role of TMC on differentiated human neural cells against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cytotoxicity. The human neural cells were differentiated using retinoic acid for six days. Then, the differentiated neural cells were pre-treated for 24 hr with TMC before exposure to 6-OHDA. TMC pre-treated neurons showed significant alleviation of 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity as evidenced by enhanced activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. Furthermore, TMC elevated the levels of intra-neuronal dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in differentiated neural cells. The 6-OHDA induced overexpression of α-synuclein was significantly hindered in neural cells pre-treated with TMC. In proteomic analysis, TMC altered the expression of ribosomal proteins, α/β isotypes of tubulins, protein disulphide isomerases (PDI) and heat shock proteins (HSP) in differentiated human neural cells. The natural palm phytonutrient TMC is a potent antioxidant with significant neuroprotective effects against free radical-induced oxidative stress.
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Key Words
- 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine
- 6-hydroxydopamine
- AD, Alzheimer’s disease
- BCM, beta-carotene-15,15′-monooxygenase
- CAT, catalase
- DRD2, dopamine receptor D2
- Dopamine
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- GO, gene ontology
- HSP, Heat shock protein
- HSPA9, Heat shock protein family A (HSP70) member 9
- HSPD1, Heat shock protein family D (HSP60) member 1
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography-double mass spectrometry
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- MCODE, minimal common oncology data elements
- MS, mass spectrometry
- Mixed carotene
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- PDI, protein disulphide isomerases
- PHB2, prohibitin 2
- PPI, protein–protein interaction
- RAN, Ras-related nuclear protein
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RPs, ribosomal proteins
- SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- TH, tyrosine hydroxylase
- TMC, total mixed carotene complex
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22
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Ameliorative Processes of Beta-Carotene in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Vascular Dementia in Rats. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta-carotene (BC) is a precursor of vitamin A and an excellent antioxidant. It protects the vascular system. Vascular dementia (VaD) is one of the aging disorders causing memory dysfunction. The available medicines for the management of VaD are limited. The present study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of BC in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic VaD in rats. Diabetic VaD was induced through the administration of nicotinamide (NA, 50 mg/kg; i.p.) and STZ (50 mg/kg; i.p.). The test compound BC (50 and 100 mg/kg; p.o.) and reference compound donepezil (1 mg/kg; p.o.) were administered for 15 consecutive days. Cognitive changes were assessed by transfer latency (TL) using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. The changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were estimated in the septohippocampal system of rat brains. The administration of STZ caused significant changes in cognitive functions (increased TL) as compared to the normal group. BC ameliorated the anxiety-related cognitive behavior and neurotransmitter (elevated AChE) changes provoked by diabetic VaD. Therefore, BC could be a potential therapeutic candidate in the management of VaD.
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23
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Li X, Zhang P, Li H, Yu H, Xi Y. The Protective Effects of Zeaxanthin on Amyloid-β Peptide 1–42-Induced Impairment of Learning and Memory Ability in Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:912896. [PMID: 35813593 PMCID: PMC9262409 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.912896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Zeaxanthin (ZEA) as one of the biologically active phytochemicals presents a neuroprotective effect. Since ZEA may play its anti-oxidative role in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we hypothesized cognitive defects could be prevented or deferred by ZEA pre-treatment. Methods and Study Design All the rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, Aβ1–42, ZEA, and ZEA + Aβ groups). Learning and memory ability of rats, cerebrovascular ultrastructure changes, the redox state, endothelin-1 (ET-1) level, and amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) level in plasma and the Aβ transport receptors which are advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and LDL receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expressions in the cerebrovascular tissue were measured in the present study. Results The escape latency and frequency of spanning the position of platform showed significant differences between the Aβ group and ZEA treatment groups. ZEA could prevent the ultrastructure changes of cerebrovascular tissue. In addition, ZEA also showed the protective effects on regulating redox state, restraining ET-1 levels, and maintaining Aβ homeostasis in plasma and cerebrovascular. Moreover, the disordered expressions of RAGE and LRP-1 and IL-1β induced by Aβ1–42 could be prevented by the pre-treatment of ZEA. Conclusion ZEA pre-treatment could prevent learning and memory impairment of rats induced by Aβ1–42. This neuroprotective effect might be attributable to the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of ZEA on maintaining the redox state and reducing the Aβ level through regulating the Aβ transport receptors and inflammatory cytokine of the cerebrovascular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongrui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuandi Xi,
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Effect of macular pigment carotenoids on cognitive functions: A systematic review. Physiol Behav 2022; 254:113891. [PMID: 35752349 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lutein and zeaxanthin-xanthophyll carotenoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics-are present in the retina and the brain. High concentrations of these carotenoids have been positively related to cognitive performance. Therefore, this systematic review analyses the relationship between macular pigment density and cognitive functions. Most relevant databases were scoured for studies on healthy people relating cognitive functions to macular pigment optical density (MPOD). There were no age, sex, or race limitations. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021254833. Nineteen studies were included, seven randomized controlled trials (RCT) and eleven observational studies. The general aim of the studies was to examine the association between carotenoids (lutein, meso‑zeaxanthin and zeaxanthin) and cognitive function. Most observational studies correlates MPOD levels with cognitive function or brain activity. Besides, RCTs compared the cognitive function and/or brain activity after increasing lutein and zeaxanthin intake though dietary supplementation or avocado consumption. Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin intake increased MPOD in six of the seven clinical trials and significantly improved most of the cognitive functions studied. A wide variety of test and methodologies for measuring cognitive functions were observed. Memory, processing speed, attention and reasoning were the cognitive function significantly related to MPOD levels in adults. Brain activity also was related to MPOD, but the results were inconsistent. Only four of the eleven observational studies were based on young people and all studies showed a significant relationship between MPOD and cognitive functions. This systematic review showed a direct relationship among cognitive functions, macular pigment and the intake of lutein and zeaxanthin.
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Alugoju P, Krishna Swamy VKD, Anthikapalli NVA, Tencomnao T. Health benefits of astaxanthin against age-related diseases of multiple organs: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10709-10774. [PMID: 35708049 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2084600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Age-related diseases are associated with increased morbidity in the past few decades and the cost associated with the treatment of these age-related diseases exerts a substantial impact on social and health care expenditure. Anti-aging strategies aim to mitigate, delay and reverse aging-associated diseases, thereby improving quality of life and reducing the burden of age-related pathologies. The natural dietary antioxidant supplementation offers substantial pharmacological and therapeutic effects against various disease conditions. Astaxanthin is one such natural carotenoid with superior antioxidant activity than other carotenoids, as well as well as vitamins C and E, and additionally, it is known to exhibit a plethora of pharmacological effects. The present review summarizes the protective molecular mechanisms of actions of astaxanthin on age-related diseases of multiple organs such as Neurodegenerative diseases [Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Stroke, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Status Epilepticus (SE)], Bone Related Diseases [Osteoarthritis (OA) and Osteoporosis], Cancers [Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Breast cancer, and Lung Cancer], Cardiovascular disorders [Hypertension, Atherosclerosis and Myocardial infarction (MI)], Diabetes associated complications [Diabetic nephropathy (DN), Diabetic neuropathy, and Diabetic retinopathy (DR)], Eye disorders [Age related macular degeneration (AMD), Dry eye disease (DED), Cataract and Uveitis], Gastric Disorders [Gastritis, Colitis, and Functional dyspepsia], Kidney Disorders [Nephrolithiasis, Renal fibrosis, Renal Ischemia reperfusion (RIR), Acute kidney injury (AKI), and hyperuricemia], Liver Diseases [Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Alcoholic Liver Disease (AFLD), Liver fibrosis, and Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion (IR) Injury], Pulmonary Disorders [Pulmonary Fibrosis, Acute Lung injury (ALI), and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)], Muscle disorders (skeletal muscle atrophy), Skin diseases [Atopic dermatitis (ATD), Skin Photoaging, and Wound healing]. We have also briefly discussed astaxanthin's protective effects on reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phaniendra Alugoju
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - V K D Krishna Swamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University (A Central University), Puducherry, India
| | | | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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26
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Biological Potential, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Bioavailability of Algae-Derived Compounds with Neuroprotective Activity: A Comprehensive Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060362. [PMID: 35736165 PMCID: PMC9227170 DOI: 10.3390/md20060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no known cure for neurodegenerative disease. However, the available therapies aim to manage some of the symptoms of the disease. Human neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of illnesses characterized by progressive loss of neuronal cells and nervous system dysfunction related to several mechanisms such as protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmission dysfunction. Neuroprotective compounds are essential in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on the neurodegeneration mechanisms and the compounds (proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polysaccharides, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, phenolic compounds, among others) present in seaweeds that have shown in vivo and in vitro neuroprotective activity. Additionally, it will cover the recent findings on the neuroprotective effects of bioactive compounds from macroalgae, with a focus on their biological potential and possible mechanism of action, including microbiota modulation. Furthermore, gastrointestinal digestion, absorption, and bioavailability will be discussed. Moreover, the clinical trials using seaweed-based drugs or extracts to treat neurodegenerative disorders will be presented, showing the real potential and limitations that a specific metabolite or extract may have as a new therapeutic agent considering the recent approval of a seaweed-based drug to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
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27
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Exploring the potential of antioxidants from fruits and vegetables and strategies for their recovery. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Phytotherapeutic Approaches to the Prevention of Age-Related Changes and the Extension of Active Longevity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072276. [PMID: 35408672 PMCID: PMC9000830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining quality of life with an increase in life expectancy is considered one of the global problems of our time. This review explores the possibility of using natural plant compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation, and anti-neurodegenerative properties to slow down the onset of age-related changes. Age-related changes such as a decrease in mental abilities, the development of inflammatory processes, and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes have a significant impact on maintaining quality of life. Herbal preparations can play an essential role in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases that accompany age-related changes, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Medicinal plants have known sedative, muscle relaxant, neuroprotective, nootropic, and antiparkinsonian properties. The secondary metabolites, mainly polyphenolic compounds, are valuable substances for the development of new anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic agents. Understanding how mixtures of plants and their biologically active substances work together to achieve a specific biological effect can help develop targeted drugs to prevent diseases associated with aging and age-related changes. Understanding the mechanisms of the biological activity of plant complexes and mixtures determines the prospects for using metabolomic and biochemical methods to prolong active longevity.
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Bixin Prevents Colorectal Cancer Development through AMPK-Activated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9329151. [PMID: 35252457 PMCID: PMC8894005 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9329151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals isolated from natural products have been broadly applied in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Bixin, an apocarotenoid from the seeds of Bixa orellana, exerts multiple pharmacological properties, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and antitumor effects; yet, the therapeutic effects of Bixin on CRC are still unknown. Here, we described that Bixin treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation and motility of two CRC cell lines (CaCO2 and SW480) in vitro and in vivo. In addition, Bixin administration has sensitized CRC cells to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand- (TRAIL-) induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, we showed that Bixin treatment initiated the activation of PERK/eIF-2α signal in CaCO2 and SW480 cells, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) abrogated the Bixin-induced activation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF-2α) pathway, as well as reversed the inhibitory effects of Bixin on CRC development. In conclusion, this study indicated that Bixin treatment inhibits the progression of CRC through activating the AMPK/PERK/eIF-2α pathway, providing a novel potential strategy for clinical prevention of CRC.
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30
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Zhang LN, Li MJ, Shang YH, Liu YR, Han-Chang H, Lao FX. Zeaxanthin Attenuates the Vicious Circle Between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Tau Phosphorylation: Involvement of GSK-3β Activation. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:191-204. [PMID: 35034906 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) characterized by neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylated tau is the most common cause of dementia. Zeaxanthin (Zea), derived from fruits and vegetables, may reduce the risk of AD. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) might cause memory impairment in AD. OBJECTIVE Here, we studied protective role of Zea on the relationship among ERS, activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β, tau phosphorylated kinase), and p-Tau (Ser 396 and Thr 231). METHODS The results were obtained in non-RA and RA group by using different treatment, such as 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA), TM (ERS inducer), Zea, 4-PBA (ERS inhibitor), and SB216763 (GSK-3β inhibitor). The methods included flow cytometry and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] for the detections of cell cycle and cell viability and western blot as a third measure of proteins in relation to ERS and tau phosphorylation. We have collected and analyzed all the data that suggested application of drugs for the treatment in non-RA and RA group. RESULTS Zea displays its protection on TM-induced cell injury, upregulation of GRP78 expression, and change of GSK-3β activity and tau phosphorylation when 4-PBA and SB216763 interfere with the process. CONCLUSION These studies indicated that Zea is in vicious circle in ERS, GSK-3β, and tau phosphorylation, and further reflect its potential value in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Jie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hui Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huang Han-Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Xue Lao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Foods, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Science, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China.,College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, P.R. China
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31
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Study of the potential neuroprotective effect of Dunaliella salina extract in SH-SY5Y cell model. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:5357-5371. [PMID: 34923590 PMCID: PMC9242911 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03819-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia caused by a progressive loss of neurons from different regions of the brain. This multifactorial pathophysiology has been widely characterized by neuroinflammation, extensive oxidative damage, synaptic loss, and neuronal cell death. In this sense, the design of multi-target strategies to prevent or delay its progression is a challenging goal. In the present work, different in vitro assays including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cholinergic activities of a carotenoid-enriched extract from Dunaliella salina microalgae obtained by supercritical fluid extraction are studied. Moreover, its potential neuroprotective effect in the human neuron-like SH-SY5Y cell model against remarkable hallmarks of AD was also evaluated. In parallel, a comprehensive metabolomics study based on the use of charged-surface hybrid chromatography (CSH) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) was applied to evaluate the effects of the extract on the metabolism of the treated cells. The use of advanced bioinformatics and statistical tools allowed the identification of more than 314 metabolites in SH-SY5Y cells, of which a great number of phosphatidylcholines, triacylglycerols, and fatty acids were significantly increased, while several phosphatidylglycerols were decreased, compared to controls. These lipidomic changes in cells along with the possible role exerted by carotenoids and other minor compounds on the cell membrane might explain the observed neuroprotective effect of the D. salina extract. However, future experiments using in vivo models to corroborate this hypothesis must be carried out.
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32
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Zhu Y, Sun D, Liu H, Sun L, Jie J, Luo J, Peng L, Song L. Bixin protects mice against bronchial asthma though modulating PI3K/Akt pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108266. [PMID: 34678694 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has implicated the potential of natural compounds in treatment of asthma. Bixin is a natural food coloring isolated from the seeds of Bixa Orellana, which possesses anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Nevertheless, its therapeutic effect in asthma has not been elucidated. Our present study demonstrated that administration of Bixin suppressed allergic airway inflammation and reversed glucocorticoids resistance, as well as alleviated airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthmatic mice. In vitro studies showed that Bixin treatment could inhibit the development of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediated by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling. Importantly, Bixin antagonized activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Above all, our findings reveal that Bixin functions as a potent antagonist of PI3K/Akt signaling to protect against allergic asthma, highlighting a novel strategy for asthma treatment based on natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, PR China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China
| | - Linzi Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jing Jie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Liping Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center For Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China.
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Manochkumar J, Doss CGP, El-Seedi HR, Efferth T, Ramamoorthy S. The neuroprotective potential of carotenoids in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153676. [PMID: 34339943 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in research on neurodegenerative diseases, the pathogenesis and treatment response of neurodegenerative diseases remain unclear. Recent studies revealed a significant role of carotenoids to treat neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to systematically review the neuroprotective potential of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro and the molecular mechanisms and pathological factors contributing to major neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and stroke). HYPOTHESIS Carotenoids as therapeutic molecules to target neurodegenerative diseases. RESULTS Aggregation of toxic proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, the excitotoxic pathway, and neuroinflammation were the major pathological factors contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies supported the beneficiary role of carotenoids, namely lycopene, β-carotene, crocin, crocetin, lutein, fucoxanthin and astaxanthin in alleviating disease progression. These carotenoids provide neuroprotection by inhibition of neuro-inflammation, microglial activation, excitotoxic pathway, modulation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative damage and activation of defensive antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, studies conducted on humans also demonstrated that dietary intake of carotenoids lowers the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. CONCLUSION Carotenoids may be used as drugs to prevent and treat neurodegenerative diseases. Although, the in vitro and in vivo results are encouraging, further well conducted clinical studies on humans are required to conclude about the full potential of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Manochkumar
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-75 123 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Koom, Egypt
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Siva Ramamoorthy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Orjuela A, Lakey-Beitia J, Mojica-Flores R, Hegde ML, Lans I, Alí-Torres J, Rao KS. Computational Evaluation of Interaction Between Curcumin Derivatives and Amyloid-β Monomers and Fibrils: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:S321-S333. [PMID: 33337368 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most important hallmark in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the formation of amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils due to the misfolding/aggregation of the Aβ peptide. Preventing or reverting the aggregation process has been an active area of research. Naturally occurring products are a potential source of molecules that may be able to inhibit Aβ42 peptide aggregation. Recently, we and others reported the anti-aggregating properties of curcumin and some of its derivatives in vitro, presenting an important therapeutic avenue by enhancing these properties. OBJECTIVE To computationally assess the interaction between Aβ peptide and a set of curcumin derivatives previously explored in experimental assays. METHODS The interactions of ten ligands with Aβ monomers were studied by combining molecular dynamics and molecular docking simulations. We present the in silico evaluation of the interaction between these derivatives and the Aβ42 peptide, both in the monomeric and fibril forms. RESULTS The results show that a single substitution in curcumin could significantly enhance the interaction between the derivatives and the Aβ42 monomers when compared to a double substitution. In addition, the molecular docking simulations showed that the interaction between the curcumin derivatives and the Aβ42 monomers occur in a region critical for peptide aggregation. CONCLUSION Results showed that a single substitution in curcumin improved the interaction of the ligands with the Aβ monomer more so than a double substitution. Our molecular docking studies thus provide important insights for further developing/validating novel curcumin-derived molecules with high therapeutic potential for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Orjuela
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Johant Lakey-Beitia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Randy Mojica-Flores
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isaias Lans
- Biophysics of Tropical Diseases, Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Alí-Torres
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - K S Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama
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Gasparin AT, Rosa ES, Jesus CHA, Guiloski IC, da Silva de Assis HC, Beltrame OC, Dittrich RL, Pacheco SDG, Zanoveli JM, da Cunha JM. Bixin attenuates mechanical allodynia, anxious and depressive-like behaviors associated with experimental diabetes counteracting oxidative stress and glycated hemoglobin. Brain Res 2021; 1767:147557. [PMID: 34107278 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, depression, and anxiety are common comorbidities in diabetic patients, whose pathophysiology involves hyperglycemia-induced increased oxidative stress. Bixin (BIX), an apocarotenoid extracted from the seeds of Bixa orellana, has been used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes and has been recognized by its antioxidant profile. We aimed to investigate the effect of the BIX over the mechanical allodynia, depressive, and anxious-like behaviors associated with experimental diabetes, along with its involved mechanisms. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated for 17 days (starting 14 days after diabetes induction) with the corresponding vehicle, BIX (10, 30 or 90 mg/kg; p.o), or INS (6 IU; s.c.). Mechanical allodynia, depressive, and anxious-like behavior were assessed by electronic Von Frey, forced swimming, and elevated plus-maze tests, respectively. Locomotor activity was assessed by the open field test. Blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1) and the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated on the hippocampus, pre-frontal cortex, lumbar spinal cord, and sciatic nerve. Diabetic animals developed mechanical allodynia, depressive and anxious-like behavior, increased plasma HbA1, increased LPO, and decreased GSH levels in tissues analyzed. Repeated BIX-treatment (at all tested doses) significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia, the depressive (30 and 90 mg/kg) and, anxious-like behaviors (all doses) in diabetic rats, without changing the locomotor performance. BIX (at all tested doses) restored the oxidative parameters in tissues analyzed and reduced the plasma HbA1. Thereby, bixin may represent an alternative for the treatment of comorbidities associated with diabetes, counteracting oxidative stress and plasma HbA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Thamara Gasparin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Evelize Stacoviaki Rosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Alves Jesus
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Izonete Cristina Guiloski
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Olair Carlos Beltrame
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, 80035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Locatelli Dittrich
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, 80035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Janaina Menezes Zanoveli
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Joice Maria da Cunha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Lakey-Beitia J, Vasquez V, Mojica-Flores R, Fuentes C AL, Murillo E, Hedge ML, Rao KS. Pouteria sapota (Red Mamey Fruit): Chemistry and Biological Activity of Carotenoids. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1134-1147. [PMID: 33645478 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210301093711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red mamey fruit known as P. sapota, comes from trees found in Mesoamerica and Asia. This fruit is considered a nutraceutical food due to it's a food and has multiple beneficial health including anti-amyloidogenic activity and potential anti-tumorigenic property. Red mamey fruit contain a variety of carotenoids including novel ketocarotenoids such as sapotexanthin and cryptocapsin. A ketocarotenoid is a chemical compound with a carbonyl group present in the β-ring or in the double bond chain of a carotenoid. In red mamey, the 3'-deoxy-k-end group in sapotexanthin has proved to be an important pro-vitamin A source, which is essential for maintaining a healthy vision and cognitive processes. OBJECTIVE Summarize the chemistry and biological activity of the studied carotenoids present in this fruit until now. METHOD An exhaustive extraction is the most usual methodology to isolate and thoroughly characterize the carotenoids present in this fruit. High performance liquid chromatography is used to determine the profile of total carotenoid and its purity. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization is used to determine the molecular weight of carotenoid. Nuclear magnetic resonance is used to determine the structure of carotenoids. RESULT For each 100 g of fresh weight, 0.12 mg of total carotenoid from this fruit can be obtained. Out of the more than 47 reported carotenoids in red mamey, only 34 have a detailed characterization. CONCLUSION it is important to continue studying the chemical composition and biological activity of this unique tropical fruit with commercial and nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johant Lakey-Beitia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, 0843-01103. Panama
| | - Velmarini Vasquez
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, 0843-01103. Panama
| | - Randy Mojica-Flores
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, 0843-01103. Panama
| | - Arelys L Fuentes C
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, 0843-01103. Panama
| | - Enrique Murillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Exact Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Panama City. Panama
| | - Muralidhar L Hedge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, 77030. United States
| | - K S Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, 0843-01103. Panama
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Donoso A, González-Durán J, Muñoz AA, González PA, Agurto-Muñoz C. "Therapeutic uses of natural astaxanthin: An evidence-based review focused on human clinical trials". Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105479. [PMID: 33549728 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a natural C40 carotenoid with numerous reported biological functions, most of them associated with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, standing out from other antioxidants as it has shown the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 100-500 times higher than ⍺-tocopherol and a 10 times higher free radical inhibitory activity than related antioxidants (α-tocopherol, α-carotene, β -carotene, lutein and lycopene). In vitro and in vivo studies have associated astaxanthin's unique molecular features with several health benefits, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective and antitumoral properties, suggesting its therapeutic potential for the prevention or co-treatment of dementia, Alzheimer, Parkinson, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Benefits on skin and eye health promotion have also been reported, highlighting its potential for the prevention of skin photo-aging and the treatment of eye diseases like glaucoma, cataracts and uveitis. In this review, we summarize and discuss the currently available evidence on astaxanthin benefits, with a particular focus on human clinical trials, including a brief description of the potential mechanisms of action responsible for its biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Donoso
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Javiera González-Durán
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Andrés Agurto Muñoz
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pablo A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Agurto-Muñoz
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (CyTA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Santonocito D, Raciti G, Campisi A, Sposito G, Panico A, Siciliano EA, Sarpietro MG, Damiani E, Puglia C. Astaxanthin-Loaded Stealth Lipid Nanoparticles (AST-SSLN) as Potential Carriers for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Formulation Development and Optimization. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:391. [PMID: 33546352 PMCID: PMC7913486 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with marked oxidative stress at the level of the brain. Recent studies indicate that increasing the antioxidant capacity could represent a very promising therapeutic strategy for AD treatment. Astaxanthin (AST), a powerful natural antioxidant, could be a good candidate for AD treatment, although its use in clinical practice is compromised by its high instability. In order to overcome this limit, our attention focused on the development of innovative AST-loaded stealth lipid nanoparticles (AST-SSLNs) able to improve AST bioavailability in the brain. AST-SSLNs prepared by solvent-diffusion technique showed technological parameters suitable for parenteral administration (<200 nm). Formulated nanosystems were characterized by calorimetric studies, while their toxicological profile was evaluated by the MTT assay on the stem cell line OECs (Olfactory Ensheathing Cells). Furthemore, the protective effect of the nanocarriers was assessed by a long-term stability study and a UV stability assay confirming that the lipid shell of the nanocarriers was able to preserve AST concentration in the formulation. SSLNs were also capable of preserving AST's antioxidant capacity as demonstrated in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. In conclusion, these preliminary studies outline that SSLNs could be regarded as promising carriers for systemic administration of compounds such as AST aimed at AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Santonocito
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Giuseppina Raciti
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Agata Campisi
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Sposito
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Annamaria Panico
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Edy Angela Siciliano
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Maria Grazia Sarpietro
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.); (A.C.); (G.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.S.); (M.G.S.)
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Lakey-Beitia J, Burillo AM, Penna GL, Hegde ML, Rao K. Polyphenols as Potential Metal Chelation Compounds Against Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:S335-S357. [PMID: 32568200 PMCID: PMC7809605 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease affecting more than 50 million people worldwide. The pathology of this multifactorial disease is primarily characterized by the formation of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates; however, other etiological factors including metal dyshomeostasis, specifically copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe), play critical role in disease progression. Because these transition metal ions are important for cellular function, their imbalance can cause oxidative stress that leads to cellular death and eventual cognitive decay. Importantly, these transition metal ions can interact with the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) and Aβ42 peptide, affecting Aβ aggregation and increasing its neurotoxicity. Considering how metal dyshomeostasis may substantially contribute to AD, this review discusses polyphenols and the underlying chemical principles that may enable them to act as natural chelators. Furthermore, polyphenols have various therapeutic effects, including antioxidant activity, metal chelation, mitochondrial function, and anti-amyloidogenic activity. These combined therapeutic effects of polyphenols make them strong candidates for a moderate chelation-based therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johant Lakey-Beitia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Andrea M. Burillo
- Centre for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama
| | - Giovanni La Penna
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Muralidhar L. Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - K.S. Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Clayton, City of Knowledge, Panama
- Zhongke Jianlan Medical Institute, Hangzhou, Republic of China
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Ma M, Liu Z, Gao N, Pi Z, Du X, Ren J, Qu X. Self-Protecting Biomimetic Nanozyme for Selective and Synergistic Clearance of Peripheral Amyloid-β in an Alzheimer’s Disease Model. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21702-21711. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ma
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenqi Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Zifeng Pi
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Xiubo Du
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
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Yu Y, Wu DM, Li J, Deng SH, Liu T, Zhang T, He M, Zhao YY, Xu Y. Bixin Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity and Activating NRF2 Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:593368. [PMID: 33362775 PMCID: PMC7756000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.593368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune and degenerative disease, is characterized by demyelination and chronic neuroinflammation. Bixin is a carotenoid isolated from the seeds of Bixa orellana that exhibits various potent pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. However, the effects of bixin on MS have not yet been examined. To evaluate the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of bixin on MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was established in C57BL/6 mice, which were treated via intragastric administration of bixin solutions. To evaluate the molecular mechanisms of bixin, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses were performed. We found that bixin significantly improved the symptoms and pathology in EAE mice, reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and IFN-γ, and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. And bixin reduced the proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen and CNS, and suppressed microglia aggregation, and TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activity by scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in EAE mice. Furthermore, bixin inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress via activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and its downstream genes in EAE mice, meanwhile, these effects were suppressed upon treatment with an NRF2 inhibitor, ML385. Bixin prevented neuroinflammation and demyelination in EAE mice primarily by scavenging ROS through activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway. Taken together, our results indicate that bixin is a promising therapeutic candidate for treatment of MS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carotenoids/chemistry
- Carotenoids/pharmacology
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Demyelinating Diseases/drug therapy
- Demyelinating Diseases/etiology
- Demyelinating Diseases/metabolism
- Demyelinating Diseases/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Susceptibility
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/etiology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Female
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Count
- Mice
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Thioredoxins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Xu
- Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Carotenoids in Neurodegeneration. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153453. [PMID: 32751250 PMCID: PMC7436041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, programmed cell death type I, is a critical part of neurodegeneration in cerebral ischemia, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s disease. Apoptosis begins with activation of pro-death proteins Bax and Bak, release of cytochrome c and activation of caspases, loss of membrane integrity of intracellular organelles, and ultimately cell death. Approaches that block apoptotic pathways may prevent or delay neurodegenerative processes. Carotenoids are a group of pigments found in fruits, vegetables, and seaweeds that possess antioxidant properties. Over the last several decades, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated a protective role of carotenoids in neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we describe functions of commonly consumed carotenoids including lycopene, β-carotene, lutein, astaxanthin, and fucoxanthin and their roles in neurodegenerative disease models. We also discuss the underlying cellular mechanisms of carotenoid-mediated neuroprotection, including their antioxidant properties, role as signaling molecules, and as gene regulators that alleviate apoptosis-associated brain cell death.
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Kundu D, Umesh, Dubey VK. Interaction of selected biomolecules and metabolites with amyloidogenic proteins. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:3061-3070. [PMID: 32329418 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1760138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The current manuscript reports docking and molecular interaction analyses of three FDA approved acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, nitrogenous bases and nucleotides with amyloidogenic proteins like hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and amyloid β peptide. After prediction of aggregation-prone regions in hen egg-white lysozyme and amyloid β peptide, grid boxes were defined for docking purposes covering these regions. We analyzed vital interactions and binding modes of molecules that dock near aggregation-prone regions of these proteins with acceptable statistics. The data hints toward the possibility that these molecules may bind to aggregation-prone regions and prevent amyloid/aggregation formation. We have also compared the binding energy and interactions of these molecules with certain other natural molecules viz. Curcumin, Coumarin and Resveratrol that have been previously reported to show anti-amyloidogenic activity as positive controls.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Kundu
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Umesh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP, India
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Miyashita K, Beppu F, Hosokawa M, Liu X, Wang S. Nutraceutical characteristics of the brown seaweed carotenoid fucoxanthin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 686:108364. [PMID: 32315653 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx), a major carotenoid found in brown seaweed, is known to show a unique and wide variety of biological activities. Upon absorption, Fx is metabolized to fucoxanthinol and amarouciaxanthin, and these metabolites mainly accumulate in visceral white adipose tissue (WAT). As seen in other carotenoids, Fx can quench singlet oxygen and scavenge a wide range of free radicals. The antioxidant activity is related to the neuroprotective, photoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects of Fx. Fx is also reported to show anti-cancer activity through the regulation of several biomolecules and signaling pathways that are involved in either cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, or metastasis suppression. Among the biological activities of Fx, anti-obesity is the most well-studied and most promising effect. This effect is primarily based on the upregulation of thermogenesis by uncoupling protein 1 expression and the increase in the metabolic rate induced by mitochondrial activation. In addition, Fx shows anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin resistance and promoting glucose utilization in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Miyashita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Beppu
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Masashi Hosokawa
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng City, 264300, China
| | - Shuzhou Wang
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng City, 264300, China
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Li L, Chen Y, Jiao D, Yang S, Li L, Li P. Protective Effect of Astaxanthin on Ochratoxin A-Induced Kidney Injury to Mice by Regulating Oxidative Stress-Related NRF2/KEAP1 Pathway. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061386. [PMID: 32197464 PMCID: PMC7144393 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of astaxanthin (ASX) on ochratoxin A (OTA)-induced renal oxidative stress and its mechanism of action. Serum kidney markers, histomorphology, ultrastructural observation, and oxidative stress indicators were assessed. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blotting detection of NRF2 (encoding nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like) and members of the NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway (KEAP1 (encoding Kelch-like ECH-associated protein), NQO1 (encoding NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase), HO-1 (encoding heme oxygenase 1), γ-GCS (gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase), and GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase 1)) were performed. Compared with the control group, the OTA-treated group showed significantly increased levels of serum UA (uric acid) and BUN (blood urea nitrogen), tubular epithelial cells were swollen and degenerated, and the levels of antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly, and the expression of NRF2 (cytoplasm), NQO1, HO-1, γ-GCS, and GSH-Px decreased significantly. More importantly, after ASX pretreatment, compared with the OTA group, serum markers were decreased, epithelial cells appeared normal; the expression of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly, NQO1, HO-1, γ-GCS and GSH-Px levels increased significantly, and ASX promoted the transfer of NRF2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. These results highlight the protective ability of ASX in renal injury caused by OTA exposure, and provide theoretical support for ASX’s role in other mycotoxin-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuhua Yang
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (L.L.); (P.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-24-8848-7156 (S.Y., L.L. & P.L.)
| | - Lin Li
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (L.L.); (P.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-24-8848-7156 (S.Y., L.L. & P.L.)
| | - Peng Li
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (L.L.); (P.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-24-8848-7156 (S.Y., L.L. & P.L.)
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Línzembold I, Czett D, Böddi K, Kurtán T, Király SB, Gulyás-Fekete G, Takátsy A, Lóránd T, Deli J, Agócs A, Nagy V. Study on the Synthesis, Antioxidant Properties, and Self-Assembly of Carotenoid-Flavonoid Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 25:E636. [PMID: 32024181 PMCID: PMC7038153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids and carotenoids possess beneficial physiological effects, such as high antioxidant capacity, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as protective effects against UV light. The covalent coupling of hydrophobic carotenoids with hydrophilic flavonoids, such as daidzein and chrysin, was achieved, resulting in new amphipathic structures. 7-Azidohexyl ethers of daidzein and chrysin were prepared in five steps, and their azide-alkyne [4 + 2] cycloaddition with pentynoates of 8'-apo-β-carotenol, zeaxanthin, and capsanthin afforded carotenoid-flavonoid conjugates. The trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity against ABTS•+ radical cation and self-assembly of the final products were examined. The 1:1 flavonoid-carotenoid hybrids generally showed higher antioxidant activity than their parent flavonoids but lower than that of the corresponding carotenoids. The diflavonoid hybrids of zeaxanthin and capsanthin, however, were found to exhibit a synergistic enhancement in antioxidant capacities. ECD (electronic circular dichroism) and UV-vis analysis of zeaxanthin-flavonoid conjugates revealed that they form different optically active J-aggregates in acetone/water and tetrahydrofuran/water mixtures depending on the solvent ratio and type of the applied aprotic polar solvent, while the capsanthin derivatives showed no self-assembly. The zeaxanthin bis-triazole conjugates with daidzein and with chrysin, differing only in the position of a phenolic hydroxyl group, showed significantly different aggregation profile upon the addition of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Línzembold
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Dalma Czett
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Katalin Böddi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.K.); (S.B.K.)
| | - Sándor Balázs Király
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.K.); (S.B.K.)
| | - Gergely Gulyás-Fekete
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Anikó Takátsy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Tamás Lóránd
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - József Deli
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rókus u. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Agócs
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Veronika Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (I.L.); (D.C.); (K.B.); (G.G.-F.); (A.T.); (T.L.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
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