1
|
Avtanski D, Hadzi-Petrushev N, Josifovska S, Mladenov M, Reddy V. Emerging technologies in adipose tissue research. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2248673. [PMID: 37599422 PMCID: PMC10443968 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2248673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Technologies are transforming the understanding of adipose tissue as a complex and dynamic tissue that plays a critical role in energy homoeostasis and metabolic health. This mini-review provides a brief overview of the potential impact of novel technologies in biomedical research and aims to identify areas where these technologies can make the most significant contribution to adipose tissue research. It discusses the impact of cutting-edge technologies such as single-cell sequencing, multi-omics analyses, spatial transcriptomics, live imaging, 3D tissue engineering, microbiome analysis, in vivo imaging, and artificial intelligence/machine learning. As these technologies continue to evolve, we can expect them to play an increasingly important role in advancing our understanding of adipose tissue and improving the treatment of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimiter Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Slavica Josifovska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Mitko Mladenov
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology, “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Varun Reddy
- New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brotman SM, Oravilahti A, Rosen JD, Alvarez M, Heinonen S, van der Kolk BW, Fernandes Silva L, Perrin HJ, Vadlamudi S, Pylant C, Deochand S, Basta PV, Valone JM, Narain MN, Stringham HM, Boehnke M, Kuusisto J, Love MI, Pietiläinen KH, Pajukanta P, Laakso M, Mohlke KL. Cell-Type Composition Affects Adipose Gene Expression Associations With Cardiometabolic Traits. Diabetes 2023; 72:1707-1718. [PMID: 37647564 PMCID: PMC10588284 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding differences in adipose gene expression between individuals with different levels of clinical traits may reveal the genes and mechanisms leading to cardiometabolic diseases. However, adipose is a heterogeneous tissue. To account for cell-type heterogeneity, we estimated cell-type proportions in 859 subcutaneous adipose tissue samples with bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) using a reference single-nuclear RNA-seq data set. Cell-type proportions were associated with cardiometabolic traits; for example, higher macrophage and adipocyte proportions were associated with higher and lower BMI, respectively. We evaluated cell-type proportions and BMI as covariates in tests of association between >25,000 gene expression levels and 22 cardiometabolic traits. For >95% of genes, the optimal, or best-fit, models included BMI as a covariate, and for 79% of associations, the optimal models also included cell type. After adjusting for the optimal covariates, we identified 2,664 significant associations (P ≤ 2e-6) for 1,252 genes and 14 traits. Among genes proposed to affect cardiometabolic traits based on colocalized genome-wide association study and adipose expression quantitative trait locus signals, 25 showed a corresponding association between trait and gene expression levels. Overall, these results suggest the importance of modeling cell-type proportion when identifying gene expression associations with cardiometabolic traits. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Brotman
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Anniina Oravilahti
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jonathan D. Rosen
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Marcus Alvarez
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sini Heinonen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Birgitta W. van der Kolk
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lilian Fernandes Silva
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannah J. Perrin
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Cortney Pylant
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Sonia Deochand
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Patricia V. Basta
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jordan M. Valone
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Morgan N. Narain
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Curriculum of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Michael I. Love
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kirsi H. Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- HealthyWeightHub, Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Pajukanta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Suárez-Calvet X, Fernández-Simón E, Natera D, Jou C, Pinol-Jurado P, Villalobos E, Ortez C, Monceau A, Schiava M, Codina A, Verdu-Díaz J, Clark J, Laidler Z, Mehra P, Gokul-Nath R, Alonso-Perez J, Marini-Bettolo C, Tasca G, Straub V, Guglieri M, Nascimento A, Diaz-Manera J. Decoding the transcriptome of Duchenne muscular dystrophy to the single nuclei level reveals clinical-genetic correlations. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:596. [PMID: 37673877 PMCID: PMC10482944 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease produced by mutations in the dystrophin gene characterized by early onset muscle weakness leading to severe and irreversible disability. The cellular and molecular consequences of the lack of dystrophin in humans are only partially known, which is crucial for the development of new therapies aiming to slow or stop the progression of the disease. Here we have analyzed quadriceps muscle biopsies of seven DMD patients aged 2 to 4 years old and five age and gender matched controls using single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) and correlated the results obtained with clinical data. SnRNAseq identified significant differences in the proportion of cell population present in the muscle samples, including an increase in the number of regenerative fibers, satellite cells, and fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) and a decrease in the number of slow fibers and smooth muscle cells. Muscle samples from the younger patients with stable mild weakness were characterized by an increase in regenerative fibers, while older patients with moderate and progressive weakness were characterized by loss of muscle fibers and an increase in FAPs. An analysis of the gene expression profile in muscle fibers identified a strong regenerative signature in DMD samples characterized by the upregulation of genes involved in myogenesis and muscle hypertrophy. In the case of FAPs, we observed upregulation of genes involved in the extracellular matrix regeneration but also several signaling pathways. Indeed, further analysis of the potential intercellular communication profile showed a dysregulation of the communication profile in DMD samples identifying FAPs as a key regulator of cell signaling in DMD muscle samples. In conclusion, our study has identified significant differences at the cellular and molecular levels in the different cell populations present in skeletal muscle samples of patients with DMD compared to controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Fernández-Simón
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Natera
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit. Neurology department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- Pathology department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Patricia Pinol-Jurado
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elisa Villalobos
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carlos Ortez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit. Neurology department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alexandra Monceau
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marianela Schiava
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anna Codina
- Pathology department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Verdu-Díaz
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - James Clark
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Zoe Laidler
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Priyanka Mehra
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rasya Gokul-Nath
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jorge Alonso-Perez
- Neuromuscular Disease Unit. Neurology Department. Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Tenerife, Spain
| | - Chiara Marini-Bettolo
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michela Guglieri
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit. Neurology department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jordi Diaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08041, Barcelona, Spain.
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Q, Long Q, Zhao J, Wu W, Lin Z, Sun W, Gu P, Deng T, Loomes KM, Wu D, Kong APS, Zhou J, Cheng AS, Hui HX. Cold-Induced Reprogramming of Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue Assessed by Single-Cell and Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0182. [PMID: 37398933 PMCID: PMC10308956 DOI: 10.34133/research.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Adipose browning has demonstrated therapeutic potentials in several diseases. Here, by conducting transcriptomic profiling at the single-cell and single-nucleus resolution, we reconstituted the cellular atlas in mouse inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (iWAT) at thermoneutrality or chronic cold condition. All major nonimmune cells within the iWAT, including adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs), mature adipocytes, endothelial cells, Schwann cells, and smooth muscle cells, were recovered, allowing us to uncover an overall and detailed blueprint for transcriptomes and intercellular cross-talks and the dynamics during white adipose tissue brown remodeling. Our findings also unravel the existence of subpopulations in mature adipocytes, ASPCs, and endothelial cells, as well as new insights on their interconversion and reprogramming in response to cold. The adipocyte subpopulation competent of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) antigen presentation is potentiated. Furthermore, a subcluster of ASPC with CD74 expression was identified as the precursor of this MHCII+ adipocyte. Beige adipocytes are transdifferented from preexisting lipid generating adipocytes, which exhibit developmental trajectory from de novo differentiation of amphiregulin cells (Aregs). Two distinct immune-like endothelial subpopulations are present in iWAT and are responsive to cold. Our data reveal fundamental changes during cold-evoked adipose browning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaoyun Long
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zexin Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tuo Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Immunology Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kerry Martin Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Donghai Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alice P. S. Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingying Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alfred S. Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hannah Xiaoyan Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Clemente-Suárez VJ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Redondo-Flórez L, López-Mora C, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. New Insights and Potential Therapeutic Interventions in Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10672. [PMID: 37445852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine homeostasis and metabolic diseases have been the subject of extensive research in recent years. The development of new techniques and insights has led to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying these conditions and opened up new avenues for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we discussed the rise of metabolic diseases, especially in Western countries, the genetical, psychological, and behavioral basis of metabolic diseases, the role of nutrition and physical activity in the development of metabolic diseases, the role of single-cell transcriptomics, gut microbiota, epigenetics, advanced imaging techniques, and cell-based therapies in metabolic diseases. Finally, practical applications derived from this information are made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odon, Spain
| | - Clara López-Mora
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Pg. de l'Albereda, 7, 46010 València, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
den Hartigh LJ, May KS, Zhang XS, Chait A, Blaser MJ. Serum amyloid A and metabolic disease: evidence for a critical role in chronic inflammatory conditions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1197432. [PMID: 37396595 PMCID: PMC10311072 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1197432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) subtypes 1-3 are well-described acute phase reactants that are elevated in acute inflammatory conditions such as infection, tissue injury, and trauma, while SAA4 is constitutively expressed. SAA subtypes also have been implicated as playing roles in chronic metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and possibly in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Distinctions between the expression kinetics of SAA in acute inflammatory responses and chronic disease states suggest the potential for differentiating SAA functions. Although circulating SAA levels can rise up to 1,000-fold during an acute inflammatory event, elevations are more modest (∼5-fold) in chronic metabolic conditions. The majority of acute-phase SAA derives from the liver, while in chronic inflammatory conditions SAA also derives from adipose tissue, the intestine, and elsewhere. In this review, roles for SAA subtypes in chronic metabolic disease states are contrasted to current knowledge about acute phase SAA. Investigations show distinct differences between SAA expression and function in human and animal models of metabolic disease, as well as sexual dimorphism of SAA subtype responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. den Hartigh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Karolline S. May
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xue-Song Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Alan Chait
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Martin J. Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
English J, Orofino J, Cederquist CT, Paul I, Li H, Auwerx J, Emili A, Belkina A, Cardamone D, Perissi V. GPS2-mediated regulation of the adipocyte secretome modulates adipose tissue remodeling at the onset of diet-induced obesity. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101682. [PMID: 36731652 PMCID: PMC9922684 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysfunctional, unhealthy expansion of white adipose tissue due to excess dietary intake is a process at the root of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes development. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanism(s) regulating the early stages of adipose tissue expansion and adaptation to dietary stress due to an acute, high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, with a focus on the communication between adipocytes and other stromal cells. METHODS We profiled the early response to high-fat diet exposure in wildtype and adipocyte-specific GPS2-KO (GPS2-AKO) mice at the cellular, tissue and organismal level. A multi-pronged approach was employed to disentangle the complex cellular interactions dictating tissue remodeling, via single-cell RNA sequencing and FACS profiling of the stromal fraction, and semi-quantitative proteomics of the adipocyte-derived exosomal cargo after 5 weeks of HFD feeding. RESULTS Our results indicate that loss of GPS2 in mature adipocytes leads to impaired adaptation to the metabolic stress imposed by HFD feeding. GPS2-AKO mice are significantly more inflamed, insulin resistant, and obese, compared to the WT counterparts. At the cellular level, lack of GPS2 in adipocytes impacts upon other stromal populations, with both the eWAT and scWAT depots exhibiting changes in the immune and non-immune compartments that contribute to an increase in inflammatory and anti-adipogenic cell types. Our studies also revealed that adipocyte to stromal cell communication is facilitated by exosomes, and that transcriptional rewiring of the exosomal cargo is crucial for tissue remodeling. Loss of GPS2 results in increased expression of secreted factors promoting a TGFβ-driven fibrotic microenvironment favoring unhealthy tissue remodeling and expansion. CONCLUSIONS Adipocytes serve as an intercellular signaling hub, communicating with the stromal compartment via paracrine signaling. Our study highlights the importance of proper regulation of the 'secretome' released by energetically stressed adipocytes at the onset of obesity. Altered transcriptional regulation of factors secreted via adipocyte-derived exosomes (AdExos), in the absence of GPS2, contributes to the establishment of an anti-adipogenic, pro-fibrotic adipose tissue environment, and to hastened progression towards a metabolically dysfunctional phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin English
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Joseph Orofino
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Carly T. Cederquist
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indranil Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Network Systems Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Anna Belkina
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dafne Cardamone
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Rather than serving as a mere onlooker, adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ and active participant in disease initiation and progression. Disruptions of biological processes operating within adipose can disturb healthy systemic physiology, the sequelae of which include metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. A burgeoning interest in the field of adipose research has allowed for the elucidation of regulatory networks underlying both adipose tissue function and dysfunction. Despite this progress, few diseases are treated by targeting maladaptation in the adipose, an oft-overlooked organ. In this review, we elaborate on the distinct subtypes of adipocytes, their developmental origins and secretory roles, and the dynamic interplay at work within the tissue itself. Central to this discussion is the relationship between adipose and disease states, including obesity, cachexia, and infectious diseases, as we aim to leverage our wealth of knowledge for the development of novel and targeted therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Auger
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tietscher S, Wagner J, Anzeneder T, Langwieder C, Rees M, Sobottka B, de Souza N, Bodenmiller B. A comprehensive single-cell map of T cell exhaustion-associated immune environments in human breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:98. [PMID: 36609566 PMCID: PMC9822999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35238-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint therapy in breast cancer remains restricted to triple negative patients, and long-term clinical benefit is rare. The primary aim of immune checkpoint blockade is to prevent or reverse exhausted T cell states, but T cell exhaustion in breast tumors is not well understood. Here, we use single-cell transcriptomics combined with imaging mass cytometry to systematically study immune environments of human breast tumors that either do or do not contain exhausted T cells, with a focus on luminal subtypes. We find that the presence of a PD-1high exhaustion-like T cell phenotype is associated with an inflammatory immune environment with a characteristic cytotoxic profile, increased myeloid cell activation, evidence for elevated immunomodulatory, chemotactic, and cytokine signaling, and accumulation of natural killer T cells. Tumors harboring exhausted-like T cells show increased expression of MHC-I on tumor cells and of CXCL13 on T cells, as well as altered spatial organization with more immature rather than mature tertiary lymphoid structures. Our data reveal fundamental differences between immune environments with and without exhausted T cells within luminal breast cancer, and show that expression of PD-1 and CXCL13 on T cells, and MHC-I - but not PD-L1 - on tumor cells are strong distinguishing features between these environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tietscher
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Wagner
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Bettina Sobottka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalie de Souza
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Bodenmiller
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gu S, Gong Z, Liu S, Lu G, Ling Y, Wei Y, Li T, Gu R, Rong Y, Li J, Li H. Global Single-Cell Sequencing Landscape of Adipose Tissue of Different Anatomical Site Origin in Humans. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:8282961. [PMID: 37197688 PMCID: PMC10185425 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8282961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic refractory wounds (CRW) are one of the most serious clinical challenges for surgeons to address. Stromal vascular fraction gels (SVFG), including human adipose stem cells (hASCs), have excellent vascular regenerative and tissue repair properties. Here, we combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of leg subcutaneous adipose tissue samples with scRNA-seq data from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, leg subcutaneous adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue samples from public databases. The results showed specific differences in cellular levels in adipose tissue from different anatomical site sources. We identified cells including CD4+ T cells, hASCs, adipocyte (APC), epithelial (Ep) cells, and preadipocyte. In particular, the dynamics between groups of hASCs, epithelial cells, APCs, and precursor cells in adipose tissue of different anatomical site origins were more significant. Furthermore, our analysis reveals alterations at the cellular level and molecular level, as well as the biological signaling pathways involved in these subpopulations of cells with specific alterations. In particular, certain subpopulations of hASCs have higher cell stemness, which may be related to lipogenic differentiation capacity and may be beneficial in promoting CRW treatment and healing. In general, our study captures a human single-cell transcriptome profile across adipose depots, the cell type identification and analysis of which may help dissect the function and role of cells with specific alterations present in adipose tissue and may provide new ideas and approaches for the treatment of CRW in the clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixing Gu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533022 Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Burn, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001 Guangxi, China
| | - Shuncai Liu
- Department of Burn, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001 Guangxi, China
| | - Guohao Lu
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 53002, China
| | - Yu Ling
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 53002, China
| | - Yanlin Wei
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 53002, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Basic Science, YuanDong International Academy of Life Sciences, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ronghe Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 53002 Guangxi, China
| | - Yongxian Rong
- Department of Burn, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Guiping People's Hospital, Guigping, 537200, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Institute of Hospital Management and Medical Prevention Collaborative Innovation, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Hongmian Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou X, Zhang J, Lv W, Zhao C, Xia Y, Wu Y, Zhang Q. The pleiotropic roles of adipocyte secretome in remodeling breast cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:203. [PMID: 35701840 PMCID: PMC9199207 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the leading female cancer type and the cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Adipocytes possess important functions of energy supply, metabolic regulation, and cytokine release, and are also the matrix cell that supports mammary gland tissue. In breast cancer tumor microenvironment (TME), adipocytes are the prominent stromal cells and are implicated in inflammation, metastatic formation, metabolic remodeling, and cancer susceptibility.
Main body
It is well-established that adipocyte secretome is a reservoir engaged in the regulation of tumor cell behavior by secreting a large number of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and chemokines), adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, autotaxin, and resistin), lipid metabolites (free fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate), and other exosome-encapsulated substances. These released factors influence the evolution and clinical outcome of breast cancer through complex mechanisms. The progression of breast cancer tumors revolves around the tumor-adipose stromal network, which may contribute to breast cancer aggressiveness by increasing the pro-malignant potential of TME and tumor cells themselves. Most importantly, the secretome alterations of adipocytes are regarded as distinctly important targets for breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance.
Conclusion
Therefore, this review will provide a comprehensive description of the specific adipocyte secretome characteristics and interactions within TME cell populations, which will enable us to better tailor strategies for tumor stratification management and treatment.
Collapse
|
12
|
GLUT4 translocation and dispersal operate in multiple cell types and are negatively correlated with cell size in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20535. [PMID: 36446811 PMCID: PMC9708847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulated translocation of the glucose transporter, GLUT4, to the surface of adipocytes and muscle is a key action of insulin. This is underpinned by the delivery and fusion of GLUT4-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. Recent studies have revealed that a further action of insulin is to mediate the dispersal of GLUT4 molecules away from the site of GLUT4 vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane. Although shown in adipocytes, whether insulin-stimulated dispersal occurs in other cells and/or is exhibited by other proteins remains a matter of debate. Here we show that insulin stimulates GLUT4 dispersal in the plasma membrane of adipocytes, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and HeLa cells, suggesting that this phenomenon is specific to GLUT4 expressed in all cell types. By contrast, insulin-stimulated dispersal of TfR was not observed in HeLa cells, suggesting that the mechanism may be unique to GLUT4. Consistent with dispersal being an important physiological mechanism, we observed that insulin-stimulated GLUT4 dispersal is reduced under conditions of insulin resistance. Adipocytes of different sizes have been shown to exhibit distinct metabolic properties: larger adipocytes exhibit reduced insulin-stimulated glucose transport compared to smaller cells. Here we show that both GLUT4 delivery to the plasma membrane and GLUT4 dispersal are reduced in larger adipocytes, supporting the hypothesis that larger adipocytes are refractory to insulin challenge compared to their smaller counterparts, even within a supposedly homogeneous population of cells.
Collapse
|
13
|
Single cell atlas identifies lipid-processing and immunomodulatory endothelial cells in healthy and malignant breast. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5511. [PMID: 36127427 PMCID: PMC9489707 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Since a detailed inventory of endothelial cell (EC) heterogeneity in breast cancer (BC) is lacking, here we perform single cell RNA-sequencing of 26,515 cells (including 8433 ECs) from 9 BC patients and compare them to published EC taxonomies from lung tumors. Angiogenic ECs are phenotypically similar, while other EC subtypes are different. Predictive interactome analysis reveals known but also previously unreported receptor-ligand interactions between ECs and immune cells, suggesting an involvement of breast EC subtypes in immune responses. We also identify a capillary EC subtype (LIPEC (Lipid Processing EC)), which expresses genes involved in lipid processing that are regulated by PPAR-γ and is more abundant in peri-tumoral breast tissue. Retrospective analysis of 4648 BC patients reveals that treatment with metformin (an indirect PPAR-γ signaling activator) provides long-lasting clinical benefit and is positively associated with LIPEC abundance. Our findings warrant further exploration of this LIPEC/PPAR-γ link for BC treatment. Tumor blood vessels contribute to cancer growth, invasion and metastasis. Here, by using single cell transcriptomics, the authors report an inventory of endothelial cell heterogeneity in patients with breast cancer, including a subtype that expresses genes involved in lipid processing and is regulated by PPAR-γ.
Collapse
|
14
|
Deutsch A, Reddy N, McLellan BN, Shinoda K. Single-Cell Characterization of Lipomas and Identification of their Adipogenic Progenitors: A Transcriptomic Assessment. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2518-2521.e2. [PMID: 35271854 PMCID: PMC9391250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alana Deutsch
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nithin Reddy
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Beth N McLellan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lendahl U, Muhl L, Betsholtz C. Identification, discrimination and heterogeneity of fibroblasts. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3409. [PMID: 35701396 PMCID: PMC9192344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts, the principal cell type of connective tissue, secrete extracellular matrix components during tissue development, homeostasis, repair and disease. Despite this crucial role, the identification and distinction of fibroblasts from other cell types are challenging and laden with caveats. Rapid progress in single-cell transcriptomics now yields detailed molecular portraits of fibroblasts and other cell types in our bodies, which complement and enrich classical histological and immunological descriptions, improve cell class definitions and guide further studies on the functional heterogeneity of cell subtypes and states, origins and fates in physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in the understanding of fibroblast identification and heterogeneity and how they discriminate from other cell types. In this review, the authors look at how recent progress in single-cell transcriptomics complement and enrich the classical, largely morphological, portraits of fibroblasts. The detailed molecular information now available provides new insights into fibroblast identity, heterogeneity and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Miller BF, Huang F, Atta L, Sahoo A, Fan J. Reference-free cell type deconvolution of multi-cellular pixel-resolution spatially resolved transcriptomics data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2339. [PMID: 35487922 PMCID: PMC9055051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advancements have enabled spatially resolved transcriptomic profiling but at multi-cellular pixel resolution, thereby hindering the identification of cell-type-specific spatial patterns and gene expression variation. To address this challenge, we develop STdeconvolve as a reference-free approach to deconvolve underlying cell types comprising such multi-cellular pixel resolution spatial transcriptomics (ST) datasets. Using simulated as well as real ST datasets from diverse spatial transcriptomics technologies comprising a variety of spatial resolutions such as Spatial Transcriptomics, 10X Visium, DBiT-seq, and Slide-seq, we show that STdeconvolve can effectively recover cell-type transcriptional profiles and their proportional representation within pixels without reliance on external single-cell transcriptomics references. STdeconvolve provides comparable performance to existing reference-based methods when suitable single-cell references are available, as well as potentially superior performance when suitable single-cell references are not available. STdeconvolve is available as an open-source R software package with the source code available at https://github.com/JEFworks-Lab/STdeconvolve. Identifying cell-type-specific spatial patterns in ST data is critical for understanding tissue organization but current methods rely on external references. Here the authors develop a reference-free method to effectively recover cell-type transcriptional profiles and proportions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F Miller
- Center for Computational Biology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21211, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Feiyang Huang
- Center for Computational Biology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21211, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Lyla Atta
- Center for Computational Biology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21211, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Arpan Sahoo
- Center for Computational Biology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21211, United States.,Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States
| | - Jean Fan
- Center for Computational Biology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21211, United States. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States. .,Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen M, Lin W, Gan J, Lu W, Wang M, Wang X, Yi J, Zhao Z. Transcriptomic Mapping of Human Parotid Gland at Single-Cell Resolution. J Dent Res 2022; 101:972-982. [PMID: 35220796 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221076069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the largest salivary gland in oral cavity, the parotid gland plays an important role in initial digesting and lubricating food. The abnormal secretory function of the parotid gland can lead to dental caries and oral mucosal inflammation. In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been used to explore the heterogeneity and diversity of cells in various organs and tissues. However, the transcription profile of the human parotid gland at single-cell resolution has not been reported yet. In this study, we constructed the cell atlas of human parotid gland using the 10× Genomics platform. Characteristic gene analysis identified the biological functions of serous acinar cell populations in secreting digestive enzymes and antibacterial proteins. We revealed the specificity and similarity of the parotid gland compared to other digestive glands through comparative analyses of other published scRNA-seq data sets. We also identified the cell-specific expression of hub genes for Sjögren syndrome in the human parotid gland by integrating the results of genome-wide association studies and bulk RNA-seq, which highlighted the importance of immune cell dysfunction in parotid Sjögren syndrome pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W. Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J. Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W. Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J. Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
O’Neill AM, Liggins MC, Seidman JS, Do TH, Li F, Cavagnero KJ, Dokoshi T, Cheng JY, Shafiq F, Hata TR, Gudjonsson JE, Modlin RL, Gallo RL. Antimicrobial production by perifollicular dermal preadipocytes is essential to the pathophysiology of acne. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh1478. [PMID: 35171653 PMCID: PMC9885891 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune defense against deep tissue infection by Staphylococcus aureus is orchestrated by fibroblasts that become antimicrobial when triggered to differentiate into adipocytes. However, the role of this process in noninfectious human diseases is unknown. To investigate the potential role of adipogenesis by dermal fibroblasts in acne, a disorder triggered by Cutibacterium acnes, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on human acne lesions and mouse skin challenged by C. acnes. A transcriptome consistent with adipogenesis was observed within specific fibroblast subsets from human acne and mouse skin lesions infected with C. acnes. Perifollicular dermal preadipocytes in human acne and mouse skin lesions showed colocalization of PREF1, an early marker of adipogenesis, and cathelicidin (Camp), an antimicrobial peptide. This capacity of C. acnes to specifically trigger production of cathelicidin in preadipocytes was dependent on TLR2. Treatment of wild-type mice with retinoic acid (RA) suppressed the capacity of C. acnes to form acne-like lesions, inhibited adipogenesis, and enhanced cathelicidin expression in preadipocytes, but lesions were unresponsive in Camp-/- mice, despite the anti-adipogenic action of RA. Analysis of inflamed skin of acne patients after retinoid treatment also showed enhanced induction of cathelicidin, a previously unknown beneficial effect of retinoids in difficult-to-treat acne. Overall, these data provide evidence that adipogenic fibroblasts are a critical component of the pathogenesis of acne and represent a potential target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan M. O’Neill
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Marc C. Liggins
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jason S. Seidman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tran H. Do
- Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fengwu Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kellen J. Cavagnero
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tatsuya Dokoshi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joyce Y. Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Faiza Shafiq
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tissa R. Hata
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Robert L. Modlin
- Division of Dermatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard L. Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gupta A, Shamsi F, Altemose N, Dorlhiac GF, Cypess AM, White AP, Yosef N, Patti ME, Tseng YH, Streets A. Characterization of transcript enrichment and detection bias in single-nucleus RNA-seq for mapping of distinct human adipocyte lineages. Genome Res 2022; 32:242-257. [PMID: 35042723 PMCID: PMC8805720 DOI: 10.1101/gr.275509.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables molecular characterization of complex biological tissues at high resolution. The requirement of single-cell extraction, however, makes it challenging for profiling tissues such as adipose tissue, for which collection of intact single adipocytes is complicated by their fragile nature. For such tissues, single-nucleus extraction is often much more efficient and therefore single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) presents an alternative to scRNA-seq. However, nuclear transcripts represent only a fraction of the transcriptome in a single cell, with snRNA-seq marked with inherent transcript enrichment and detection biases. Therefore, snRNA-seq may be inadequate for mapping important transcriptional signatures in adipose tissue. In this study, we compare the transcriptomic landscape of single nuclei isolated from preadipocytes and mature adipocytes across human white and brown adipocyte lineages, with whole-cell transcriptome. We show that snRNA-seq is capable of identifying the broad cell types present in scRNA-seq at all states of adipogenesis. However, we also explore how and why the nuclear transcriptome is biased and limited, as well as how it can be advantageous. We robustly characterize the enrichment of nuclear-localized transcripts and adipogenic regulatory lncRNAs in snRNA-seq, while also providing a detailed understanding for the preferential detection of long genes upon using this technique. To remove such technical detection biases, we propose a normalization strategy for a more accurate comparison of nuclear and cellular data. Finally, we show successful integration of scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq data sets with existing bioinformatic tools. Overall, our results illustrate the applicability of snRNA-seq for the characterization of cellular diversity in the adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Gupta
- University of California at Berkeley-University of California at San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Farnaz Shamsi
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Nicolas Altemose
- University of California at Berkeley-University of California at San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Gabriel F Dorlhiac
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Aaron M Cypess
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Andrew P White
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Aaron Streets
- University of California at Berkeley-University of California at San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mejhert N, Rydén M. Insights from Studies of White Adipose Tissue Using Single-Cell Approaches. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2022; 274:131-144. [PMID: 35318510 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Technologies allowing studies at single-cell resolution have provided important insights into how different cell populations contribute to tissue function. Application of these methods to white adipose tissue (WAT) has revealed how various metabolic aspects of this organ, such as insulin response, inflammation and tissue expansion, are regulated by specific WAT resident cells, including different subtypes of adipocytes, adipocyte progenitors as well as immune and endothelial cells. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the different technical approaches, their strengths and weaknesses, and summarize how these studies have improved our understanding of WAT function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Mejhert
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Biagi CAO, Cury SS, Alves CP, Rabhi N, Silva WA, Farmer SR, Carvalho RF, Batista ML. Multidimensional Single-Nuclei RNA-Seq Reconstruction of Adipose Tissue Reveals Adipocyte Plasticity Underlying Thermogenic Response. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113073. [PMID: 34831295 PMCID: PMC8618495 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has been classified based on its morphology and function as white, brown, or beige/brite. It plays an essential role as a regulator of systemic metabolism through paracrine and endocrine signals. Recently, multiple adipocyte subtypes have been revealed using RNA sequencing technology, going beyond simply defined morphology but also by their cellular origin, adaptation to metabolic stress, and plasticity. Here, we performed an in-depth analysis of publicly available single-nuclei RNAseq from adipose tissue and utilized a workflow template to characterize adipocyte plasticity, heterogeneity, and secretome profiles. The reanalyzed dataset led to the identification of different subtypes of adipocytes including three subpopulations of thermogenic adipocytes, and provided a characterization of distinct transcriptional profiles along the adipocyte trajectory under thermogenic challenges. This study provides a useful resource for further investigations regarding mechanisms related to adipocyte plasticity and trans-differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Oliveira Biagi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil; (C.A.O.B.J.); (W.A.S.J.)
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CEPID/FAPESP), National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCTC/CNPq), Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil
- Institute for Cancer Research, IPEC, Guarapuava 85100-000, Brazil
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Cleidson Pádua Alves
- Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Nabil Rabhi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (N.R.); (S.R.F.)
| | - Wilson Araujo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil; (C.A.O.B.J.); (W.A.S.J.)
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CEPID/FAPESP), National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy (INCTC/CNPq), Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, Brazil
| | - Stephen R. Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (N.R.); (S.R.F.)
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (R.F.C.); (M.L.B.J.)
| | - Miguel Luiz Batista
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (N.R.); (S.R.F.)
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo 08747-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.F.C.); (M.L.B.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Machado H, Bizarra-Rebelo T, Costa-Sequeira M, Trindade S, Carvalho T, Rijo-Ferreira F, Rentroia-Pacheco B, Serre K, Figueiredo LM. Trypanosoma brucei triggers a broad immune response in the adipose tissue. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009933. [PMID: 34525131 PMCID: PMC8476018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is one of the major reservoirs of Trypanosoma brucei parasites, the causative agent of sleeping sickness, a fatal disease in humans. In mice, the gonadal adipose tissue (AT) typically harbors 2–5 million parasites, while most solid organs show 10 to 100-fold fewer parasites. In this study, we tested whether the AT environment responds immunologically to the presence of the parasite. Transcriptome analysis of T. brucei infected adipose tissue revealed that most upregulated host genes are involved in inflammation and immune cell functions. Histochemistry and flow cytometry confirmed an increasingly higher number of infiltrated macrophages, neutrophils and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes upon infection. A large proportion of these lymphocytes effectively produce the type 1 effector cytokines, IFN-γ and TNF-α. Additionally, the adipose tissue showed accumulation of antigen-specific IgM and IgG antibodies as infection progressed. Mice lacking T and/or B cells (Rag2-/-, Jht-/-), or the signature cytokine (Ifng-/-) displayed a higher parasite load both in circulation and in the AT, demonstrating the key role of the adaptive immune system in both compartments. Interestingly, infections of C3-/- mice showed that while complement system is dispensable to control parasite load in the blood, it is necessary in the AT and other solid tissues. We conclude that T. brucei infection triggers a broad and robust immune response in the AT, which requires the complement system to locally reduce parasite burden. African trypanosomiasis is a neglected disease with significant socio-economic burden in sub-Saharan Africa. The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, a causative agent of African trypanosomiasis, can be found in the blood and extra-vascular spaces of the infected host. For an unknown reason, T. brucei accumulates in adipose tissue (AT) in very high numbers. Here we used a multidisciplinary approach to assess whether an immune response was mounted in AT during a T. brucei infection. We found that as infection progresses, a broad variety of immune cells and antibodies accumulate in the AT. We also found that this broad immune response is partially able to control parasite numbers in the AT. Our study provides evidence that T. brucei parasites present in the AT are subjected to immune surveillance. The reason why T. brucei accumulates to such a high extent in AT remains to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Machado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Bizarra-Rebelo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Costa-Sequeira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra Trindade
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa Rijo-Ferreira
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Barbara Rentroia-Pacheco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Karine Serre
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- * E-mail: (KS); (LMF)
| | - Luisa M. Figueiredo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- * E-mail: (KS); (LMF)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cifuentes L, Hurtado A. MD, Eckel-Passow J, Acosta A. Precision Medicine for Obesity. DIGESTIVE DISEASE INTERVENTIONS 2021; 5:239-248. [PMID: 36203650 PMCID: PMC9534386 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease with a variable and underwhelming weight loss response to current treatment approaches. Precision medicine proposes a new paradigm to improve disease classification based on the premise of human heterogeneity, with the ultimate goal of maximizing treatment effectiveness, tolerability, and safety. Recent advances in high-throughput biochemical assays have contributed to the partial characterization of obesity's pathophysiology, as well as to the understanding of the role that intrinsic and environmental factors, and their interaction, play in its development and progression. These data have led to the development of biological markers that either are being or will be incorporated into strategies to develop personalized lines of treatment for obesity. There are currently many ongoing initiatives aimed at this; however, much needs to be resolved before precision obesity medicine becomes common practice. This review aims to provide a perspective on the currently available data of high-throughput technologies to treat obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Cifuentes
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maria Daniela Hurtado A.
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System La Crosse, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jeanette Eckel-Passow
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andres Acosta
- Precision Medicine for Obesity Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Induction of the CD24 Surface Antigen in Primary Undifferentiated Human Adipose Progenitor Cells by the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway. Biologics 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics1020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the murine model system of adipogenesis, the CD24 cell surface protein represents a valuable marker to label undifferentiated adipose progenitor cells. Indeed, when injected into the residual fat pads of lipodystrophic mice, these CD24 positive cells reconstitute a normal white adipose tissue (WAT) depot. Unluckily, similar studies in humans are rare and incomplete. This is because it is impossible to obtain large numbers of primary CD24 positive human adipose stem cells (hASCs). This study shows that primary hASCs start to express the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored CD24 protein when cultured with a chemically defined medium supplemented with molecules that activate the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Therefore, this in vitro system may help understand the biology and role in adipogenesis of the CD24-positive hASCs. The induced cells’ phenotype was studied by flow cytometry, Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) techniques, and their secretion profile. The results show that CD24 positive cells are early undifferentiated progenitors expressing molecules related to the angiogenic pathway.
Collapse
|
25
|
Olbrecht S, Busschaert P, Qian J, Vanderstichele A, Loverix L, Van Gorp T, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Han S, Van den Broeck A, Coosemans A, Van Rompuy AS, Lambrechts D, Vergote I. High-grade serous tubo-ovarian cancer refined with single-cell RNA sequencing: specific cell subtypes influence survival and determine molecular subtype classification. Genome Med 2021; 13:111. [PMID: 34238352 PMCID: PMC8268616 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade serous tubo-ovarian cancer (HGSTOC) is characterised by extensive inter- and intratumour heterogeneity, resulting in persistent therapeutic resistance and poor disease outcome. Molecular subtype classification based on bulk RNA sequencing facilitates a more accurate characterisation of this heterogeneity, but the lack of strong prognostic or predictive correlations with these subtypes currently hinders their clinical implementation. Stromal admixture profoundly affects the prognostic impact of the molecular subtypes, but the contribution of stromal cells to each subtype has poorly been characterised. Increasing the transcriptomic resolution of the molecular subtypes based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) may provide insights in the prognostic and predictive relevance of these subtypes. METHODS We performed scRNA-seq of 18,403 cells unbiasedly collected from 7 treatment-naive HGSTOC tumours. For each phenotypic cluster of tumour or stromal cells, we identified specific transcriptomic markers. We explored which phenotypic clusters correlated with overall survival based on expression of these transcriptomic markers in microarray data of 1467 tumours. By evaluating molecular subtype signatures in single cells, we assessed to what extent a phenotypic cluster of tumour or stromal cells contributes to each molecular subtype. RESULTS We identified 11 cancer and 32 stromal cell phenotypes in HGSTOC tumours. Of these, the relative frequency of myofibroblasts, TGF-β-driven cancer-associated fibroblasts, mesothelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells predicted poor outcome, while plasma cells correlated with more favourable outcome. Moreover, we identified a clear cell-like transcriptomic signature in cancer cells, which correlated with worse overall survival in HGSTOC patients. Stromal cell phenotypes differed substantially between molecular subtypes. For instance, the mesenchymal, immunoreactive and differentiated signatures were characterised by specific fibroblast, immune cell and myofibroblast/mesothelial cell phenotypes, respectively. Cell phenotypes correlating with poor outcome were enriched in molecular subtypes associated with poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS We used scRNA-seq to identify stromal cell phenotypes predicting overall survival in HGSTOC patients. These stromal features explain the association of the molecular subtypes with outcome but also the latter's weakness of clinical implementation. Stratifying patients based on marker genes specific for these phenotypes represents a promising approach to predict prognosis or response to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siel Olbrecht
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Busschaert
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Junbin Qian
- VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adriaan Vanderstichele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liselore Loverix
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Toon Van Gorp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sileny Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annick Van den Broeck
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Sophie Van Rompuy
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun W, Modica S, Dong H, Wolfrum C. Plasticity and heterogeneity of thermogenic adipose tissue. Nat Metab 2021; 3:751-761. [PMID: 34158657 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The perception of adipose tissue, both in the scientific community and in the general population, has changed dramatically in the past 20 years. While adipose tissue was thought for a long time to be a rather simple lipid storage entity, it is now recognized as a highly heterogeneous organ and a critical regulator of systemic metabolism, composed of many different subtypes of cells, with important endocrine functions. Additionally, adipose tissue is nowadays recognized to contribute to energy turnover, due to the presence of specialized thermogenic adipocytes, which can be found in many adipose depots. This review discusses the unprecedented insights that we have gained into the heterogeneity of thermogenic adipocytes and their respective precursors due to the technical developments in single-cell and nucleus technologies. These methodological advances have increased our understanding of how adipose tissue catabolic function is influenced by developmental and intercellular communication events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Modica
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chemically Defined Xeno- and Serum-Free Cell Culture Medium to Grow Human Adipose Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020466. [PMID: 33671568 PMCID: PMC7926673 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an abundant source of stem cells. However, liposuction cannot yield cell quantities sufficient for direct applications in regenerative medicine. Therefore, the development of GMP-compliant ex vivo expansion protocols is required to ensure the production of a "cell drug" that is safe, reproducible, and cost-effective. Thus, we developed our own basal defined xeno- and serum-free cell culture medium (UrSuppe), specifically formulated to grow human adipose stem cells (hASCs). With this medium, we can directly culture the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells in defined cell culture conditions to obtain hASCs. Cells proliferate while remaining undifferentiated, as shown by Flow Cytometry (FACS), Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assays, and their secretion products. Using the UrSuppe cell culture medium, maximum cell densities between 0.51 and 0.80 × 105 cells/cm2 (=2.55-4.00 × 105 cells/mL) were obtained. As the expansion of hASCs represents only the first step in a cell therapeutic protocol or further basic research studies, we formulated two chemically defined media to differentiate the expanded hASCs in white or beige/brown adipocytes. These new media could help translate research projects into the clinical application of hASCs and study ex vivo the biology in healthy and dysfunctional states of adipocytes and their precursors. Following the cell culture system developers' practice and obvious reasons related to the formulas' patentability, the defined media's composition will not be disclosed in this study.
Collapse
|
28
|
Park J, Sohn JH, Han SM, Park YJ, Huh JY, Choe SS, Kim JB. Adipocytes Are the Control Tower That Manages Adipose Tissue Immunity by Regulating Lipid Metabolism. Front Immunol 2021; 11:598566. [PMID: 33584664 PMCID: PMC7876236 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.598566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence reveals that adipose tissue is an immunologically active organ that exerts multiple impacts on the regulation of systemic energy metabolism. Adipose tissue immunity is modulated by the interactions between adipocytes and various immune cells. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms that control inter-cellular interactions between adipocytes and immune cells in adipose tissue have not been thoroughly elucidated. Recently, it has been demonstrated that adipocytes utilize lipid metabolites as a key mediator to initiate and mediate diverse adipose tissue immune responses. Adipocytes present lipid antigens and secrete lipid metabolites to determine adipose immune tones. In addition, the interactions between adipocytes and adipose immune cells are engaged in the control of adipocyte fate and functions upon metabolic stimuli. In this review, we discuss an integrated view of how adipocytes communicate with adipose immune cells using lipid metabolites. Also, we briefly discuss the newly discovered roles of adipose stem cells in the regulation of adipose tissue immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeu Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyung Sohn
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Mun Han
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Huh
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Sik Choe
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lucas S, Tencerova M, von der Weid B, Andersen TL, Attané C, Behler-Janbeck F, Cawthorn WP, Ivaska KK, Naveiras O, Podgorski I, Reagan MR, van der Eerden BCJ. Guidelines for Biobanking of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Related Cell Types: Report of the Biobanking Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:744527. [PMID: 34646237 PMCID: PMC8503265 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.744527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, increased interest of scientists to study bone marrow adiposity (BMA) in relation to bone and adipose tissue physiology has expanded the number of publications using different sources of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). However, each source of BMAT has its limitations in the number of downstream analyses for which it can be used. Based on this increased scientific demand, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) established a Biobanking Working Group to identify the challenges of biobanking for human BMA-related samples and to develop guidelines to advance establishment of biobanks for BMA research. BMA is a young, growing field with increased interest among many diverse scientific communities. These bring new perspectives and important biological questions on how to improve and build an international community with biobank databases that can be used and shared all over the world. However, to create internationally accessible biobanks, several practical and legislative issues must be addressed to create a general ethical protocol used in all institutes, to allow for exchange of biological material internationally. In this position paper, the BMAS Biobanking Working Group describes similarities and differences of patient information (PIF) and consent forms from different institutes and addresses a possibility to create uniform documents for BMA biobanking purposes. Further, based on discussion among Working Group members, we report an overview of the current isolation protocols for human bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, formerly mesenchymal), highlighting the specific points crucial for effective isolation. Although we remain far from a unified BMAd isolation protocol and PIF, we have summarized all of these important aspects, which are needed to build a BMA biobank. In conclusion, we believe that harmonizing isolation protocols and PIF globally will help to build international collaborations and improve the quality and interpretation of BMA research outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lucas
- Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab-MABLab ULR4490, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Benoit von der Weid
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camille Attané
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Friederike Behler-Janbeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - William P. Cawthorn
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kaisa K. Ivaska
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Hematology Service, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bram C. J. van der Eerden
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Bram C. J. van der Eerden,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kuryłowicz A, Puzianowska-Kuźnicka M. Induction of Adipose Tissue Browning as a Strategy to Combat Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176241. [PMID: 32872317 PMCID: PMC7504355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing obesity pandemic generates a constant need to develop new therapeutic strategies to restore the energy balance. Therefore, the concept of activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) in order to increase energy expenditure has been revived. In mammals, two developmentally distinct types of brown adipocytes exist; the classical or constitutive BAT that arises during embryogenesis, and the beige adipose tissue that is recruited postnatally within white adipose tissue (WAT) in the process called browning. Research of recent years has significantly increased our understanding of the mechanisms involved in BAT activation and WAT browning. They also allowed for the identification of critical molecules and critical steps of both processes and, therefore, many new therapeutic targets. Several non-pharmacological approaches, as well as chemical compounds aiming at the induction of WAT browning and BAT activation, have been tested in vitro as well as in animal models of genetically determined and/or diet-induced obesity. The therapeutic potential of some of these strategies has also been tested in humans. In this review, we summarize present concepts regarding potential therapeutic targets in the process of BAT activation and WAT browning and available strategies aiming at them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kuryłowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-226086591; Fax: +48-226086410
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|