1
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Dai Y, Inagaki NF, Ueki R, Sando S, Hasegawa K, Ito T. Hepatocyte Growth Factor DNA Aptamer for Prevention of Postoperative Peritoneal Adhesion via Enhancement of Fibrinolysis and Inhibition of Mesothelial Mesenchymal Transition. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38963794 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative peritoneal adhesion (PPA) is a prevalent complication of abdominal surgery, posing a significant hindrance to postsurgical recovery. Although several strategies have been developed to alleviate and prevent adhesions, their efficacy remains unsatisfactory. For the first time, we studied the therapeutic effect and mechanism of our recently developed thermally stable oligonucleotide-based mimetics of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF DNA aptamer) to prevent PPA. The HGF DNA aptamer effectively inhibited canonical TGF-β1 signaling transduction, partially suppressing mesothelial mesenchymal transition. Additionally, the aptamer, respectively, upregulated and downregulated the expression of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, thereby enhancing fibrinolytic activity. As a pleiotropic factor, the HGF DNA aptamer also enhanced the migratory and proliferative capacities of mesothelial cells. Finally, the aptamer demonstrated a higher level of effectiveness in preventing PPAs than the commercially available antiperitoneal adhesion barrier, Seprafilm. Due to its therapeutic benefits, excellent stability, biosafety, cost-effectiveness, and versatility, the HGF DNA aptamer demonstrates promise for preventing PPA in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Dai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Natsuko F Inagaki
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ueki
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taichi Ito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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2
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Barros AB, Teles FB, Araújo DD, Da Silva DA, Santos LBPD, Aldeman NLS, Cajado AG, Assef ANB, Wilke DV, Lima-Junior RCP, Araújo AJ, Marinho-Filho JDB. Combining cashew gum with cyclophosphamide in murine melanoma model: A strategy for the reduction of side effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133588. [PMID: 38960246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of cancer immunity and antitumor factors generated by natural polysaccharides is not yet fully comprehended. Polysaccharides, like cashew gum (CG), can exhibit immunomodulatory action and may assist in the antitumor process and side effects relieve. This study aimed to determine the antitumor effect of CG alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide (CTX), and its interactions with immune cells, in a murine melanoma model, using the B16-F10 cell line. Tumor growth inhibition, hematological, histopathological, ELISA, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR analyses were performed to elucidate the antitumor potential, involvement of immune cells, and potential toxic effects. CG showed significant tumor growth inhibition, reaching up to 42.9 % alone and 51.4 % in combination with CTX, with mild toxicity to organs. CG enhanced leukocyte count, even in the presence of CTX. Furthermore, CG influenced the activation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), characterized by an increase in Il4, as well as a reduction in Ifng, Il1b, Tgfb, and Il6 gene expression. Nevertheless, these effects did not compromise the antitumor activity of CG. In summary, the combination of CG with CTX is a promising approach for leukopenia, one of the most important side effects of cancer treatment and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayslan Batista Barros
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Felipe Barros Teles
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Dakson Douglas Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Durcilene Alves Da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Nayze Lucena Sangreman Aldeman
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Exatas e da Saúde do Piauí, Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba, 64212-790 Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Aurilene Gomes Cajado
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alexia Nathália Brígido Assef
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Diego Veras Wilke
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberto Cesar Pereira Lima-Junior
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60430-160 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Jérsia Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Núcleo de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, 64.202-020 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
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3
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Cheng C, Hsu SK, Chen YC, Liu W, Shu ED, Chien CM, Chiu CC, Chang WT. Burning down the house: Pyroptosis in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2024; 347:122627. [PMID: 38614301 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A high mortality rate makes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) a difficult cancer to treat. When surgery is not possible, liver cancer patients are treated with chemotherapy. However, HCC management and treatment are difficult. Sorafenib, which is a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, initially slows disease progression. However, sorafenib resistance limits patient survival. Recent studies have linked HCC to programmed cell death, which has increased researcher interest in therapies targeting cell death. Pyroptosis, which is an inflammatory mode of programmed cell death, may be targeted to treat HCC. Pyroptosis pathways, executors, and effects are examined in this paper. This review summarizes how pyroptosis affects the tumor microenvironment (TME) in HCC, including the role of cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 in regulating immune responses. The use of chemotherapies and their ability to induce cancer cell pyroptosis as alternative treatments and combining them with other drugs to reduce side effects is also discussed. In conclusion, we highlight the potential of inducing pyroptosis to treat HCC and suggest ways to improve patient outcomes. Studies on cancer cell pyroptosis may lead to new HCC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cheng
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wangta Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - En-De Shu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ming Chien
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; The Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Jeong HJ, Koo S, Kang YH, Kim TW, Kim HK, Park YJ. Hepatoprotective effects of paeonol by suppressing hepatic stellate cell activation via inhibition of SMAD2/3 and STAT3 pathways. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1939-1946. [PMID: 38752108 PMCID: PMC11091017 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a key event in extracellular matrix accumulation, causing hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, identifying chemicals that inhibit HSC activation is an important therapeutic strategy for hepatic fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of paeonol on HSC activation. In LX-2 cells, paeonol inhibited the expression of collagen and decreased the expression of HSC activation markers. In mice with thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis, paeonol treatment decreased the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase and mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin, platelet-derived growth factor-β, and connective-tissue growth factor. Investigation of the underlying molecular mechanism of paeonol showed that paeonol inhibits the SMAD2/3 and STAT3 signaling pathways that are important for HSC activation. On the basis of these results, paeonol should be investigated and developed further for hepatic fibrosis treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01440-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Koo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ho Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
- Brain Busan 21 plus Research Project Group, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
- Brain Busan 21 plus Research Project Group, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Republic of Korea
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5
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Yen HR, Liao WC, Chen CH, Su YA, Huang YW, Hsiao C, Chou YL, Chu YH, Shih PK, Liu CH. Targeting chondroitin sulfate suppresses macropinocytosis of breast cancer cells by modulating syndecan-1 expression. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38770553 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of abnormal chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains in breast cancer tissue is correlated with poor prognosis. However, the biological functions of these CS chains in cancer progression remain largely unknown, impeding the development of targeted treatment focused on CS. Previous studies identified chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF; also known as chondroitin sulfate synthase 2) is the critical enzyme regulating CS accumulation in breast cancer tissue. We then assessed the association between CHPF-associated proteoglycans (PGs) and signaling pathways in breast cancer datasets. The regulation between CHPF and syndecan 1 (SDC1) was examined at both the protein and RNA levels. Confocal microscopy and image flow cytometry were employed to quantify macropinocytosis. The effects of the 6-O-sulfated CS-binding peptide (C6S-p) on blocking CS functions were tested in vitro and in vivo. Results indicated that the expression of CHPF and SDC1 was tightly associated within primary breast cancer tissue, and high expression of both genes exacerbated patient prognosis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling was implicated in the regulation of CHPF and SDC1 in breast cancer cells. CHPF supported CS-SDC1 stabilization on the cell surface, modulating macropinocytotic activity in breast cancer cells under nutrient-deprived conditions. Furthermore, C6S-p demonstrated the ability to bind CS-SDC1, increase SDC1 degradation, suppress macropinocytosis of breast cancer cells, and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Although other PGs may also be involved in CHPF-regulated breast cancer malignancy, this study provides the first evidence that a CS synthase participates in the regulation of macropinocytosis in cancer cells by supporting SDC1 expression on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Rong Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, and School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chieh Liao
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ai Su
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Huang
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi Hsiao
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Chou
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hung Chu
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Keng Shih
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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6
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Rago V, Conforti F, La Russa D, Antonucci G, Urlandini L, Lofaro D, Bossio S, Mandalà M, Pellegrino D, Aversa A, Di Agostino S, Perri A. The Effects of Caloric Restriction on Inflammatory Targets in the Prostates of Aged Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5236. [PMID: 38791274 PMCID: PMC11120753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous animal models have demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) is an excellent tool to delay aging and increase the quality of life, likely because it counteracts age-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The aging process can affect the prostate in three ways: the onset of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, and prostate cancer. In this study, we used 14 aged male Sprague Dawley rats, which were allocated into two groups, at the age of 18 months old. One group was fed ad libitum (a normal diet (ND)), and the other group followed a caloric restriction diet with a 60% decrease in intake. The rats were sacrificed at the age of 24 months. By immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western blot (WB) analyses, we studied the variations between the two groups in immune inflammation and fibrosis-related markers in aged prostate tissues. Morphological examinations showed lower levels of prostatic hyperplasia and fibrosis in the CR rats vs. the ND rats. The IHC results revealed that the prostates of the CR rats exhibited a lower immune proinflammatory infiltrate level and a reduced expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, together with significantly reduced expressions of mesenchymal markers and the profibrotic factor TGFβ1. Finally, by WB analysis, we observed a reduced expression of ERα, which is notoriously implicated in prostate stromal proliferation, and increased expressions of SOD1 and Hsp70, both exerting protective effects against oxidative stress. Overall, these data suggest that CR brings potential benefits to prostatic tissues as it reduces the physiological immune-inflammatory processes and the tissue remodeling caused by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (V.R.); (L.U.)
| | | | - Daniele La Russa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Gemma Antonucci
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Lidia Urlandini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (V.R.); (L.U.)
| | - Danilo Lofaro
- de-Health Lab, Department of Mechanical, Energy, Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Bossio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Maurizio Mandalà
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (D.L.R.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Anna Perri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.A.)
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Wang Y, Gao M, Zhang M, Pang Y, Xu Z, Zeng L, Yuan S. Tgfb1 deficiency impairs the self-renewal capacity of murine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149686. [PMID: 38367513 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1) refers to a pleiotropic cytokine exerting contrasting roles in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) functions in vitro and in vivo. However, the understanding of hematopoiesis in vivo, when TGFB1 is constantly deactivated, is still unclear, mainly due to significant embryonic lethality and the emergence of a fatal inflammatory condition, which makes doing these investigations challenging. Our study aims to find the specific role of TGFB1 in regulating hematopoiesis in vivo. We engineered mice strains (Vav1 or Mx1 promoter-driven TGFB1 knockout) with conditional knockout of TGFB1 to study its role in hematopoiesis in vivo. In fetal and adult hematopoiesis, TGFB1 KO mice displayed deficiency and decreased self-renewal capacity of HSCs with myeloid-biased differentiation. The results were different from the regulating role of TGFB1 in vitro. Additionally, our results showed that TGFB1 deficiency from fetal hematopoiesis stage caused more severe defect of HSCs than in the adult stage. Mechanistically, our findings identified TGFB1-SOX9-FOS/JUNB/TWIST1 signal axis as an essential regulating pathway in HSCs homeostasis. Our study may provide a scientific basis for clinical HSC transplantation and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingming Gao
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Ye Pang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shengnan Yuan
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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8
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Yasuma T, Gabazza EC. Cell Death in Acute Organ Injury and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3930. [PMID: 38612740 PMCID: PMC11012379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in various organs, including the lungs, liver, skin, kidneys, pancreas, and heart, ultimately leading to organ failure [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Esteban C. Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
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Akin MN, Kasap B, Pirincci F, Sezgin B, Ozdemir C, Demirtas Bilgic A, Aftabi Y, Gokdogan Edgunlu T. Changes of miR-139-5p, TGFB1, and COL1A1 in the placental tissue of cases with gestational diabetes mellitus. Gene 2024; 897:148061. [PMID: 38048967 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
There are structural changes in the placenta of cases with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). TGF-β and collagen pathways have crucial roles in tissue remodeling and TGF-β1 and COL1A1 are important genes in these signalling respectively. Also, lncRNA NEAT1, and miRNA hsa-miR-139-5p and hsa-miR-129-5p have regulatory effects on TGF-β1 and COL1A1. Here we aimed to assess their expressions in the placenta tissue of GDM cases. 30 patients with GDM and 30 healthy pregnant women participated in the study. Placental tissues taken during normal or cesarean delivery were used and total RNA was isolated from the tissues. mRNA levels were determined by qPCR and protein levels were determined by ELISA methods. An in silico analysis was done to elucidate the possible relation of TGF-β1 and COL1A1 gene networks with GDM. We determined that NEAT1 and miR-129-5p expression levels did not differ between GDM and healthy control groups (p = 0.697 and 0.412, respectively). But, miR-139-5p mRNA level, TGFB1 and COL1A1 protein levels significantly differ between the GDM and control groups (p = 0.000, p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively). The in silico analysis revealed that TGFB1 and COL1A1 genes network may have important role in the GDM with their variety of members and regulatory molecules NEAT1, hsa-miR-139-5p, and hsa-miR-129-5p can control their functions. The expression of TGFB1, COL1A1 and miR-139-5p is changed in placenta tissue of GDM cases and many genes in the interacting networks of TGFB1 and COL1A1 could contribute to the pathogenicity of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Nur Akin
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Burcu Kasap
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Fatih Pirincci
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Burak Sezgin
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Cilem Ozdemir
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Health Sciences Institution, Department of Medical Biology, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Demirtas Bilgic
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Health Sciences Institution, Department of Medical Biology, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tuba Gokdogan Edgunlu
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Mugla, Turkey.
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10
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Sakata N. The anti-inflammatory effect of metformin: The molecular targets. Genes Cells 2024; 29:183-191. [PMID: 38311861 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug. Metformin mainly inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver and reduces blood sugar. In addition to the anti-diabetic effects, many studies have revealed that metformin has anti-inflammatory effects. Various molecules were suggested to be the target of the metformin's anti-inflammatory effects. However, the conclusion is not clear. Metformin is related to a number of molecules and the identification of the main target in anti-inflammatory effects leads to the understanding of inflammation and metformin. In this article, I discuss each suggested molecule, involved mechanisms, and their relationship with various diseases.
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11
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Liu Y, Li S, Chen L, Lin L, Xu C, Qiu H, Li X, Cao H, Liu K. Global trends in tumor microenvironment-related research on tumor vaccine: a review and bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341596. [PMID: 38380323 PMCID: PMC10876793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor vaccines have become crucial in cancer immunotherapy, but, only a limited number of phase III clinical trials have demonstrated clinical efficacy. The crux of this issue is the inability of tumor vaccines to effectively harmonize the tumor microenvironment with its intricate interplay. One factor that can hinder the effectiveness of vaccines is the natural immunosuppressive element present in the tumor microenvironment. This element can lead to low rates of T-cell response specific to antigens and the development of acquired resistance. Conversely, anticancer vaccines alter the tumor microenvironment in conflicting manners, inducing both immune activation and immunological evasion. Hence, comprehending the correlation between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment would establish a foundation for forthcoming tumor treatment. Objective Our review explores the realm of research pertaining to tumor vaccinations and the tumor microenvironment. Our objective is to investigate the correlation between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment within this domain. We then focus our review on the dominant international paradigms in this research field and visually illustrates the historical progression and emergent patterns observed in the past. Methods From January 1, 1999 to February 7, 2023, 1420 articles on the interplay between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment were published, according to The Clarivate Web of Science (WOS) database used in our review. A bibliometric review was designed for this collection and consisted of an evaluation. The evaluation encompassed various discernible attributes, including the year of publication, the journals in which the articles were published, the authors involved, the affiliated institutions, the geographical locations of the institutions, the references cited, and the keywords employed. Results Between the years 1999 and 2022, publications saw a significant increase, from 3 to 265 annually. With 72 papers published, Frontiers in Immunology had the most manuscripts published. The Cancer Research publication garnered the highest number of citations, amounting to 2874 citations. The United States exerts significant dominance in the subject, with the National Cancer Institute being recognized as a prominent institution in terms of both productivity and influence. Furthermore, Elizabeth M. Jaffee was recognized as the field's most prolific and influential author with 24 publications and 1,756 citations. The co-occurrence cluster analysis was conducted on the top 197 keywords, resulting in the identification of five distinct clusters. The most recent high-frequency keywords, namely immune therapy, dendritic cell, tumor microenvironment, cancer, and vaccine, signify the emerging frontiers in the interaction between tumor vaccines and the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion Our review uncovers insights into contemporary trends, global patterns of collaboration, fundamental knowledge, research areas of high interest, and emerging frontiers in the field of TME-targeted vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sixin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Scientific Research Management Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Caijuan Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiwen Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People’s Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
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12
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Tang PMK, Lam EWF, Mussal F, Zhang D, Li C. Editorial: New insights into fibrotic signaling in cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1369457. [PMID: 38371624 PMCID: PMC10869620 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1369457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric W-F. Lam
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Francis Mussal
- Paediatric Oncology, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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13
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Ahuja S, Zaheer S. Multifaceted TGF-β signaling, a master regulator: From bench-to-bedside, intricacies, and complexities. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:87-127. [PMID: 37859532 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Physiological embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis are regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an evolutionarily conserved family of secreted polypeptide factors, acting in an autocrine and paracrine manner. The role of TGF-β in inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer is complex and sometimes even contradictory, exhibiting either inhibitory or promoting effects depending on the stage of the disease. Under pathological conditions, especially fibrosis and cancer, overexpressed TGF-β causes extracellular matrix deposition, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer-associated fibroblast formation, and/or angiogenesis. In this review article, we have tried to dive deep into the mechanism of action of TGF-β in inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. As TGF-β and its downstream signaling mechanism are implicated in fibrosis and carcinogenesis blocking this signaling mechanism appears to be a promising avenue. However, targeting TGF-β carries substantial risk as this pathway is implicated in multiple homeostatic processes and is also known to have tumor-suppressor functions. There is a need for careful dosing of TGF-β drugs for therapeutic use and patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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14
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Joshi J, Xiong Y, Kuhn M, Radcliff AB, Baker TL, Watters JJ, Arendt LM. Gestational Intermittent Hypoxia Enhances Mammary Stem Cells and Alters Tumor Phenotype in Adult Female Offspring. Cells 2024; 13:249. [PMID: 38334641 PMCID: PMC10854849 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
An adverse perinatal environment can increase long-term cancer risk, although the precise nature of associated perinatal triggers remain unknown. Sleep apnea is a common condition during pregnancy, characterized by recurrent cessations in breathing during sleep, and the potential consequences of sleep apnea during pregnancy as it relates to breast cancer risk in offspring have not been explored. To model sleep apnea, Sprague-Dawley dams were exposed during gestation to nightly intermittent hypoxia (GIH) or normoxia (GNx), and the mammary glands of female offspring were examined. GIH offspring demonstrated increased epithelial stem and progenitor cell populations, which are associated with diminished transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) activity. Elevations in adipose tissue stem cells in the mammary gland were also identified in GIH offspring. In aging females, mammary tumors formed in GIH offspring. These tumors displayed a dramatic increase in stroma compared to tumors from GNx offspring, as well as distinct patterns of expression of stem cell-related pathways. Together, these results suggest that exposure to sleep apnea during pregnancy leads to lasting changes in the mammary glands of female offspring. Increased stem and progenitor cell populations as a result of GIH exposure could enhance long-term breast cancer risk, as well as alter the clinical behavior of resulting breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lisa M. Arendt
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA (T.L.B.); (J.J.W.)
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15
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Qin L, Wu J. Targeting anticancer immunity in oral cancer: Drugs, products, and nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:116751. [PMID: 37507044 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Oral cavity carcinomas are the most frequent malignancies among head and neck malignancies. Oral tumors include not only oral cancer cells with different potency and stemness but also consist of diverse cells, containing anticancer immune cells, stromal and also immunosuppressive cells that influence the immune system reactions. The infiltrated T and natural killer (NK) cells are the substantial tumor-suppressive immune compartments in the tumor. The infiltration of these cells has substantial impacts on the response of tumors to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, cancer cells, stromal cells, and some other compartments like regulatory T cells (Tregs), macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can repress the immune responses against malignant cells. Boosting anticancer immunity by inducing the immune system or repressing the tumor-promoting cells is one of the intriguing approaches for the eradication of malignant cells such as oral cancers. This review aims to concentrate on the secretions and interactions in the oral tumor immune microenvironment. We review targeting tumor stroma, immune system and immunosuppressive interactions in oral tumors. This review will also focus on therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents such as nanoparticles and products with anti-tumor potency that can boost anticancer immunity in oral tumors. We also explain possible future perspectives including delivery of various cells, natural products and drugs by nanoparticles for boosting anticancer immunity in oral tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Qin
- Gezhouba Central Hospital of the Third Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Jianan Wu
- Experimental and Practical Teaching Center, Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434000, China.
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16
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Wang L, Wang J, Yang Z, Wang Y, Zhao T, Luo W, Liang T, Yang Z. Traditional herbs: mechanisms to combat cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14473-14505. [PMID: 38054830 PMCID: PMC10756111 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence plays a very important role in the ageing of organisms and age-related diseases that increase with age, a process that involves physiological, structural, biochemical and molecular changes in cells. In recent years, it has been found that the active ingredients of herbs and their natural products can prevent and control cellular senescence by affecting telomerase activity, oxidative stress response, autophagy, mitochondrial disorders, DNA damage, inflammatory response, metabolism, intestinal flora, and other factors. In this paper, we review the research information on the prevention and control of cellular senescence in Chinese herbal medicine through computer searches of PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and CNKI databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Tiejian Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Weisheng Luo
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Tianjian Liang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
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17
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Wang T, Cui S, Liu X, Han L, Duan X, Feng S, Zhang S, Li G. LncTUG1 ameliorates renal tubular fibrosis in experimental diabetic nephropathy through the miR-145-5p/dual-specificity phosphatase 6 axis. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2173950. [PMID: 36794657 PMCID: PMC9937007 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2173950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The renal interstitial fibrosis contributes to the progression and deterioration of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Long noncoding RNA taurine-up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in kidneys may be down-regulated by hyperglycemia. We aim to explore its role in tubular fibrosis caused by high glucose and the possible target genes of TUG1. In this study, a streptozocin-induced accelerated DN mouse model and a high glucose-stimulated HK-2 cells model was established to evaluate TUG1 expression. Potential targets of TUG1 were analyzed by online tools and confirmed by luciferase assay. A rescue experiment and gene silencing assay were used to investigate whether TUG1 plays its regulation role via miR-145-5p/dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) in HK2 cells. The effects of TUG1 on inflammation and fibrosis in high glucose treated tubular cells were evaluated by in vitro study, as well as in vivo DN mice model through AAV-TUG1 delivery. Results showed TUG1was downregulated in HK2 cells incubated with high glucose while miR-145-5p was upregulated. Overexpression of TUG1 alleviated renal injury by suppressing inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. Overexpression of TUG1 inhibited HK-2 cell fibrosis and relieved the inflammation. A mechanism study demonstrated that TUG1 directly sponged to miR-145-5p, and DUSP6 was identified as a target downstream of miR-145-5p. In addition, miR-145-5 overexpression and DUSP6 inhibition countervailed the impacts of TUG1. Our findings revealed that TUG1 overexpression alleviates kidney injury in DN mice and decreases the inflammatory response and fibrosis of high glucose-stimulated HK-2 cells via miR-145-5p/DUSP6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoxia Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Shubei Cui
- The First Department of Orthopedics, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoting Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Shuning Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China,Sen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, P. R. China
| | - Guiying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China,CONTACT Guiying Li Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, No.81, Congtai Road, Congtai District, Handan city, 056000, Hebei Province, China
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18
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Gray S, Ottensmeier CH. Advancing Understanding of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Multiplexed Antibody-Based Spatial Imaging Technologies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4797. [PMID: 37835491 PMCID: PMC10571797 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, despite significant advances made in its treatment using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) over the last decade; while a minority experience prolonged responses with ICIs, benefit is limited for most patients. The development of multiplexed antibody-based (MAB) spatial tissue imaging technologies has revolutionised analysis of the tumour microenvironment (TME), enabling identification of a wide range of cell types and subtypes, and analysis of the spatial relationships and interactions between them. Such study has the potential to translate into a greater understanding of treatment susceptibility and resistance, factors influencing prognosis and recurrence risk, and identification of novel therapeutic approaches and rational treatment combinations to improve patient outcomes in the clinic. Herein we review studies that have leveraged MAB technologies to deliver novel insights into the TME of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gray
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Ashton St., Liverpool L69 3GB, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Pembroke Pl., Liverpool L7 8YA, UK
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Ashton St., Liverpool L69 3GB, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Pembroke Pl., Liverpool L7 8YA, UK
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19
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Quinn C, Rico MC, Merali C, Barrero CA, Perez-Leal O, Mischley V, Karanicolas J, Friedman SL, Merali S. Secreted folate receptor γ drives fibrogenesis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by amplifying TGFβ signaling in hepatic stellate cells. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade2966. [PMID: 37756380 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the primary determinant of mortality in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), a master profibrogenic cytokine, is a promising therapeutic target that has not yet been translated into an effective therapy in part because of liabilities associated with systemic TGFβ antagonism. We have identified that soluble folate receptor γ (FOLR3), which is expressed in humans but not in rodents, is a secreted protein that is elevated in the livers of patients with MASH but not in those with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, those with type II diabetes, or healthy individuals. Global proteomics showed that FOLR3 was the most highly significant MASH-specific protein and was positively correlated with increasing fibrosis stage, consistent with stimulation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are the key fibrogenic cells in the liver. Exposure of HSCs to exogenous FOLR3 led to elevated extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production, an effect synergistically potentiated by TGFβ1. We found that FOLR3 interacts with the serine protease HTRA1, a known regulator of TGFBR, and activates TGFβ signaling. Administration of human FOLR3 to mice induced severe bridging fibrosis and an ECM pattern resembling human MASH. Our study thus uncovers a role of FOLR3 in enhancing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Quinn
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Mario C Rico
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Carmen Merali
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Carlos A Barrero
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Oscar Perez-Leal
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Victoria Mischley
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - John Karanicolas
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Salim Merali
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
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20
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Li N, Zhang T, Wang R, Sun Y, Chu L, Lu X, Sun K. Homotypic targeted nanoplatform enable efficient chemoimmunotherapy and reduced DOX cardiotoxicity in chemoresistant cancer via TGF-β1 blockade. J Control Release 2023; 361:147-160. [PMID: 37536544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) with broad-spectrum antitumor activity has been reported to induce effective immunogenic cell death (ICD) effect. However, the serious cardiotoxicity and chemoresistance severely restrict the widely clinical application of DOX. Herein, for the first time, a bio-inspired nanoplatform via co-assembly of DOX-conjugated polyethyleneimine (PEI-DOX), cancer cell membrane (CCM) and TGF-β1 siRNA (siTGF-β1) was rationally designed, which can not only overcome the drawbacks of DOX but also display high capability to modulate the tumor microenvironment and prevent the tumor progressing and metastasis. Experimental studies confirmed the pH-sensitivity of PEI-DOX and the homotypic-targeting and immuno-escapable ability of CCM, resulting an enhanced accumulation of DOX and siTGF-β1 in tumor sites. In addition to this, the bio-inspired nanoplatform could also improve the stability and facilitate the endosomal escape of siTGF-β1. All these effects ensured the silence efficiency of siTGF-β1 in tumor sites, which could further modulate the chemoresistant and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, resulting a synergistic effect with DOX to prevent tumor progressing and metastasis. Additionally, even trapped in cardiac tissues, siTGF-β1 could inhibit the production of TGF-β1 and ROS induced by DOX, resulting a reduced myocardial damage. Therefore, our newly designed bio-inspired nano-delivery system may be a promising nanoplatform with efficient chemoimmunotherapy to ameliorate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and combat tumor growth and metastasis in chemoresistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuannuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yiying Sun
- Yantai Saipute Analyzing Service Co. Ltd, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liuxiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
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21
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He Y, Goyette MA, Chapelle J, Boufaied N, Al Rahbani J, Schonewolff M, Danek EI, Muller WJ, Labbé DP, Côté JF, Lamarche-Vane N. CdGAP is a talin-binding protein and a target of TGF-β signaling that promotes HER2-positive breast cancer growth and metastasis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112936. [PMID: 37552602 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastasis, which is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients. Here, we show that Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein (CdGAP) promotes tumor formation and metastasis to lungs in the HER2-positive (HER2+) murine breast cancer model. CdGAP facilitates intravasation, extravasation, and growth at metastatic sites. CdGAP depletion in HER2+ murine primary tumors mediates crosstalk with a Dlc1-RhoA pathway and is associated with a transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-induced EMT transcriptional signature. CdGAP is positively regulated by TGF-β signaling during EMT and interacts with the adaptor talin to modulate focal adhesion dynamics and integrin activation. Moreover, HER2+ breast cancer patients with high CdGAP mRNA expression combined with a high TGF-β-EMT signature are more likely to present lymph node invasion. Our results suggest CdGAP as a candidate therapeutic target for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer by inhibiting TGF-β and integrin/talin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Marie-Anne Goyette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chapelle
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jalal Al Rahbani
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Maribel Schonewolff
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Eric I Danek
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David P Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-François Côté
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Lamarche-Vane
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
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22
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Carlsen L, Zhang S, Tian X, De La Cruz A, George A, Arnoff TE, El-Deiry WS. The role of p53 in anti-tumor immunity and response to immunotherapy. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1148389. [PMID: 37602328 PMCID: PMC10434531 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1148389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in tumor suppression. p53 mutations mediate tumorigenesis and occur in approximately 50% of human cancers. p53 regulates hundreds of target genes that induce various cell fates including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and DNA damage repair. p53 also plays an important role in anti-tumor immunity by regulating TRAIL, DR5, TLRs, Fas, PKR, ULBP1/2, and CCL2; T-cell inhibitory ligand PD-L1; pro-inflammatory cytokines; immune cell activation state; and antigen presentation. Genetic alteration of p53 can contribute to immune evasion by influencing immune cell recruitment to the tumor, cytokine secretion in the TME, and inflammatory signaling pathways. In some contexts, p53 mutations increase neoantigen load which improves response to immune checkpoint inhibition. Therapeutic restoration of mutated p53 can restore anti-cancer immune cell infiltration and ameliorate pro-tumor signaling to induce tumor regression. Indeed, there is clinical evidence to suggest that restoring p53 can induce an anti-cancer immune response in immunologically cold tumors. Clinical trials investigating the combination of p53-restoring compounds or p53-based vaccines with immunotherapy have demonstrated anti-tumor immune activation and tumor regression with heterogeneity across cancer type. In this Review, we discuss the impact of wild-type and mutant p53 on the anti-tumor immune response, outline clinical progress as far as activating p53 to induce an immune response across a variety of cancer types, and highlight open questions limiting effective clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Carlsen
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Shengliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Xiaobing Tian
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Arielle De La Cruz
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Andrew George
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Taylor E. Arnoff
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Lifespan Health System and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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23
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Zhao TQ, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhao MC, Cao X, Hou SZ. Glycyrrhizic Acid Protects Glomerular Podocytes Induced by High Glucose by Modulating SNARK/AMPK Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:696-707. [PMID: 37450070 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes, which mainly refers to glomerular capillary sclerosis. Podocytes are an important part of glomerular capillaries. Previous clinical and basic studies have shown that fibrosis is the main factor of diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to assess the protective mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on glomerular podocytes induced by high glucose as we hypothesized that GA may have antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects on podocytes through regulation of the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK) signaling pathway. METHODS SNARK siRNA was used to transfect podocytes. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining assays were used for molecular and pathological analysis. The expression levels of key pathway proteins (including TGF-β1, α-SMA, SITR1, AMPKα, LKB1, PGC-1α, NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α) were verified by Western blotting. The expression of inflammatory factors in podocytes was detected by ELISA. RESULTS We demonstrated that GA decreased the expression of podocyte fibrosis signaling pathway-related factors by upregulating the AMPK pathway and its related factors. However, after transfection of podocytes with SNARK siRNA, there was an increased expression of fibrosis-related factors and inflammation-related factors. CONCLUSION GA can protect podocytes and alleviate fibrosis and inflammation induced by high glucose, which is related to the AMPK signaling pathway. Meanwhile, knockdown of SNARK protein can inhibit the AMPK signaling pathway, aggravate fibrosis, and increase inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qi Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Meng-Chao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xue Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shao-Zhang Hou
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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24
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Rhee KH, Yang SA, Pyo MC, Lim JM, Lee KW. MiR-155-5p Elevated by Ochratoxin A Induces Intestinal Fibrosis and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition through TGF-β Regulated Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:473. [PMID: 37505742 PMCID: PMC10467050 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that induces fibrosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in kidneys and livers. It enters our bodies through food consumption, where it is absorbed in the intestines. However, the impact of OTA on the intestines is yet to be studied. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs that block the transcription of specific mRNAs and are, therefore, involved in many biochemical processes. Our findings indicate that OTA can induce EMT and intestinal fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro. This study examines the impact of OTA on intestinal toxicity and the role of miRNAs in this process. Following OTA treatment, miR-155-5p was the most elevated miRNA by next-generation sequencing. Our research showed that OTA increased miR-155-5p levels through transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), leading to the development of intestinal fibrosis and EMT. Additionally, the study identified that the modulation of TGF-β and miR-155-5p by OTA is linked to the inhibition of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and Smad2/3 accumulation in the progression of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kwang-Won Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (K.H.R.); (S.A.Y.); (M.C.P.); (J.-M.L.)
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25
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Zhao L, Li J, Mo G, Cao D, Li C, Huang G, Jiang L, Chen G, Yao H, Peng X. Recombinant protein EBI3 attenuates Clonorchis sinensis-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation in mice. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:246. [PMID: 37480105 PMCID: PMC10360228 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection with Clonorchis sinensis can cause hepatobiliary fibrosis and even lead to hepatobiliary carcinoma. Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 protein (EBI3) is a subunit of interleukin 35, which can regulate inflammatory response and the occurrence of fibrotic diseases. Previous studies have reported that the expression of EBI3 in the serum of patients with liver cirrhosis is reduced. The present study aims to investigate the biological effects of EBI3 on liver fibrosis caused by C. sinensis and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS We first established a mouse model of liver fibrosis induced by C. sinensis infection and then measured the serum expression of EBI3 during the inflammatory and fibrotic phase. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analyses were performed to investigate the potential role of EBI3 in liver fibrosis by regulating the extracellular matrix structural constituent and collagen catabolic process. Recombinant protein EBI3 (rEBI3) was added to hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro with C. sinensis antigen to explore its function. Finally, the therapeutic effect of rEBI3 was verified by intravenous injection into C. sinensis-infected mice. RESULTS The results showed that the serum expression of EBI3 increased in the inflammatory response phase but decreased in the fibrotic phase. The excretory-secretory products of C. sinensis (Cs.ESP) were able to stimulate HSC activation, while rEBI3 reduced the activation of HSCs induced by Cs.ESP. Also, the protein expression of gp130 and downstream protein expressions of JAK1, p-JAK1, STAT3 and p-STAT3 in HSCs were increased after rEBI3 incubation. Finally, intravenously injected rEBI3 inhibited hepatic epithelial-mesenchymal transition in C. sinensis-infected mice by inhibiting HSC activation and reducing liver injury. CONCLUSION This study confirms that rEBI3 can attenuate C. sinensis-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting HSC activation and may be one of the potential treatments for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Mo
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Deping Cao
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Li
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyang Huang
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Chen
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Yao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Ping Q, Wang C, Cheng X, Zhong Y, Yan R, Yang M, Shi Y, Li X, Li X, Huang W, Wang L, Bi X, Hu L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Gong R, Tan J, Li R, Li H, Li J, Wang W, Li R. TGF-β1 dominates stromal fibroblast-mediated EMT via the FAP/VCAN axis in bladder cancer cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:475. [PMID: 37461061 PMCID: PMC10351189 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system and is associated with a poor prognosis once invasion and distant metastases occur. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives metastasis and invasion in bladder cancer. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and stromal fibroblasts, especially cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), are positive regulators of EMT in bladder cancer. However, it remains unclear how TGF-β1 mediates crosstalk between bladder cancer cells and CAFs and how it induces stromal fibroblast-mediated EMT in bladder cancer. We aimed to investigate the mechanism of TGF-β1 regulation of stromal fibroblast-mediated EMT in bladder cancer cells. METHODS Primary CAFs with high expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) were isolated from bladder cancer tissue samples. Subsequently, different conditioned media were used to stimulate the bladder cancer cell line T24 in a co-culture system. Gene set enrichment analysis, a human cytokine antibody array, and cytological assays were performed to investigate the mechanism of TGF-β1 regulation of stromal fibroblast-mediated EMT in bladder cancer cells. RESULTS Among the TGF-β family, TGF-β1 was the most highly expressed factor in bladder cancer tissue and primary stromal fibroblast supernatant. In the tumor microenvironment, TGF-β1 was mainly derived from stromal fibroblasts, especially CAFs. In stimulated bladder cells, stromal fibroblast-derived TGF-β1 promoted bladder cancer cell migration, invasion, and EMT. Furthermore, TGF-β1 promoted the activation of stromal fibroblasts, inducing CAF-like features, by upregulating FAP in primary normal fibroblasts and a normal fibroblast cell line. Stromal fibroblast-mediated EMT was induced in bladder cancer cells by TGF-β1/FAP. Versican (VCAN), a downstream molecule of FAP, plays an essential role in TGF-β1/FAP axis-induced EMT in bladder cancer cells. VCAN may also function through the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 is a critical mediator of crosstalk between stromal fibroblasts and bladder cancer cells. We revealed a new mechanism whereby TGF-β1 dominated stromal fibroblast-mediated EMT of bladder cancer cells via the FAP/VCAN axis and identified potential biomarkers (FAP, VCAN, N-cadherin, and Vimentin) of bladder cancer. These results enhance our understanding of bladder cancer invasion and metastasis and provide potential strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrong Ping
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Yiming Zhong
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Ruping Yan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Yunqiang Shi
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Xiangmeng Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, 650051, China
- Department of Pathology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Liqiong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Xiaofang Bi
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Libing Hu
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Yingbao Wang
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Urology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Wenju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, 650051, China.
| | - Ruhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Provincial, Kunming, 650051, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, China.
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Kotsari M, Dimopoulou V, Koskinas J, Armakolas A. Immune System and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): New Insights into HCC Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11471. [PMID: 37511228 PMCID: PMC10380581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO's recently released worldwide cancer data for 2020, liver cancer ranks sixth in morbidity and third in mortality among all malignancies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common kind of liver cancer, accounts approximately for 80% of all primary liver malignancies and is one of the leading causes of death globally. The intractable tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the development and progression of HCC and is one of three major unresolved issues in clinical practice (cancer recurrence, fatal metastasis, and the refractory tumor microenvironment). Despite significant advances, improved molecular and cellular characterization of the tumor microenvironment is still required since it plays an important role in the genesis and progression of HCC. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the HCC immune microenvironment, distinct cellular constituents, current therapies, and potential immunotherapy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kotsari
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Dimopoulou
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - John Koskinas
- B' Department of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Armakolas
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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28
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Kharouf N, Flanagan TW, Hassan SY, Shalaby H, Khabaz M, Hassan SL, Megahed M, Haikel Y, Santourlidis S, Hassan M. Tumor Microenvironment as a Therapeutic Target in Melanoma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3147. [PMID: 37370757 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the tumor microenvironment in tumor growth and therapy has recently attracted more attention in research and drug development. The ability of the microenvironment to trigger tumor maintenance, progression, and resistance is the main cause for treatment failure and tumor relapse. Accumulated evidence indicates that the maintenance and progression of tumor cells is determined by components of the microenvironment, which include stromal cells (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and immune cells), extracellular matrix (ECM), and soluble molecules (chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles). As a solid tumor, melanoma is not only a tumor mass of monolithic tumor cells, but it also contains supporting stroma, ECM, and soluble molecules. Melanoma cells are continuously in interaction with the components of the microenvironment. In the present review, we focus on the role of the tumor microenvironment components in the modulation of tumor progression and treatment resistance as well as the impact of the tumor microenvironment as a therapeutic target in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Kharouf
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1121, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas W Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sofie-Yasmin Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hosam Shalaby
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Marla Khabaz
- Department of Production, Beta Factory for Veterinary Pharmaceutical Industries, Damascus 0100, Syria
| | - Sarah-Lilly Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Mosaad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1121, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1121, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Research Laboratory of Surgery-Oncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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29
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Liu D, Peng Y, Li X, Zhu Z, Mi Z, Zhang Z, Fan H. Comprehensive landscape of TGFβ-related signature in osteosarcoma for predicting prognosis, immune characteristics, and therapeutic response. J Bone Oncol 2023; 40:100484. [PMID: 37234254 PMCID: PMC10205544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly heterogeneous malignant bone tumor, and its tendency to metastasize leads to a poor prognosis. TGFβ is an important regulator in the tumor microenvironment and is closely associated with the progression of various types of cancer. However, the role of TGFβ-related genes in OS is still unclear. In this study, we identified 82 TGFβ DEGs based on RNA-seq data from the TARGET and GETx databases and classified OS patients into two TGFβ subtypes. The KM curve showed that the Cluster 2 patients had a substantially poorer prognosis than the Cluster 1 patients. Subsequently, a novel TGFβ prognostic signatures (MYC and BMP8B) were developed based on the results of univariate, LASSO, and multifactorial Cox analyses. These signatures showed robust and reliable predictive performance for the prognosis of OS in the training and validation cohorts. To predict the three-year and five-year survival rate of OS, a nomogram that integrated clinical features and risk scores was also developed. The GSEA analysis showed that the different subgroups analyzed had distinct functions, particularly, the low-risk group was associated with high immune activity and a high infiltration abundance of CD8 T cells. Moreover, our results indicated that low-risk cases had higher sensitivity to immunotherapy, while high-risk cases were more sensitive to sorafenib and axitinib. scRNA-Seq analysis further revealed that MYC and BMP8B were strongly expressed mainly in tumor stromal cells. Finally, in this study, we confirmed the expression of MYC and BMP8B by performing qPCR, WB, and IHC analyses. To conclude, we developed and validated a TGFβ-related signature to accurately predict the prognosis of OS. Our findings might contribute to personalized treatment and making better clinical decisions for OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijie Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhenzhou Mi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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Sisto M, Lisi S. Towards a Unified Approach in Autoimmune Fibrotic Signalling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109060. [PMID: 37240405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity is a chronic process resulting in inflammation, tissue damage, and subsequent tissue remodelling and organ fibrosis. In contrast to acute inflammatory reactions, pathogenic fibrosis typically results from the chronic inflammatory reactions characterizing autoimmune diseases. Despite having obvious aetiological and clinical outcome distinctions, most chronic autoimmune fibrotic disorders have in common a persistent and sustained production of growth factors, proteolytic enzymes, angiogenic factors, and fibrogenic cytokines, which together stimulate the deposition of connective tissue elements or epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT) that progressively remodels and destroys normal tissue architecture leading to organ failure. Despite its enormous impact on human health, there are currently no approved treatments that directly target the molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. The primary goal of this review is to discuss the most recent identified mechanisms of chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by a fibrotic evolution with the aim to identify possible common and unique mechanisms of fibrogenesis that might be exploited in the development of effective antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Sisto
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 1, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Lisi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 1, I-70124 Bari, Italy
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31
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Molagoda IMN, Sanjaya SS, Lee KT, Choi YH, Lee JH, Lee MH, Kang CH, Lee CM, Kim GY. Derrone Targeting the TGF Type 1 Receptor Kinase Improves Bleomycin-Mediated Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inhibition of Smad Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087265. [PMID: 37108428 PMCID: PMC10138718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has a strong impact on the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether derrone promotes anti-fibrotic effects on TGF-β1-stimulated MRC-5 lung fibroblast cells and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Long-term treatment with high concentrations of derrone increased the cytotoxicity of MRC-5 cells; however, substantial cell death was not observed at low concentrations of derrone (below 0.05 μg/mL) during a three-day treatment. In addition, derrone significantly decreased the expressions of TGF-β1, fibronectin, elastin, and collagen1α1, and these decreases were accompanied by downregulation of α-SMA expression in TGF-β1-stimulated MRC-5 cells. Severe fibrotic histopathological changes in infiltration, alveolar congestion, and alveolar wall thickness were observed in bleomycin-treated mice; however, derrone supplementation significantly reduced these histological deformations. In addition, intratracheal administration of bleomycin resulted in lung collagen accumulation and high expression of α-SMA and fibrotic genes-including TGF-β1, fibronectin, elastin, and collagen1α1-in the lungs. However, fibrotic severity in intranasal derrone-administrated mice was significantly less than that of bleomycin-administered mice. Molecular docking predicted that derrone potently fits into the ATP-binding pocket of the TGF-β receptor type 1 kinase domain with stronger binding scores than ATP. Additionally, derrone inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocations of Smad2/3. Overall, derrone significantly attenuated TGF-β1-stimulated lung inflammation in vitro and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in a murine model, indicating that derrone may be a promising candidate for preventing pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale 50300, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Kyoung Tae Lee
- Forest Bioresources Department, Forest Microbiology Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Joyce H Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Mi-Hwa Lee
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Kang
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, 185 Meeting St., Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Waldner MJ, Neurath MF. TGFβ and the Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081139. [PMID: 37190048 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports an important role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Resident cells such as fibroblasts or immune cells infiltrating into the TME maintain continuous crosstalk with cancer cells and thereby regulate CRC progression. One of the most important molecules involved is the immunoregulatory cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). TGFβ is released by various cells in the TME, including macrophages and fibroblasts, and it modulates cancer cell growth, differentiation, and cell death. Mutations in components of the TGF pathway, including TGFβ receptor type 2 or SMAD4, are among the most frequently detected mutations in CRC and have been associated with the clinical course of disease. Within this review, we will discuss our current understanding about the role of TGFβ in the pathogenesis of CRC. This includes novel data on the molecular mechanisms of TGFβ signaling in TME, as well as possible strategies for CRC therapy targeting the TGFβ pathway, including potential combinations with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian J Waldner
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Chung JYF, Tang PCT, Chan MKK, Xue VW, Huang XR, Ng CSH, Zhang D, Leung KT, Wong CK, Lee TL, Lam EWF, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, To KF, Lan HY, Tang PMK. Smad3 is essential for polarization of tumor-associated neutrophils in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1794. [PMID: 37002229 PMCID: PMC10066366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are dynamic with their phenotype and function shaped by the microenvironment, such as the N1 antitumor and N2 pro-tumor states within the tumor microenvironment (TME), but its regulation remains undefined. Here we examine TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling in tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. Smad3 activation in N2 TANs is negatively correlate with the N1 population and patient survival. In experimental lung carcinoma, TANs switch from a predominant N2 state in wild-type mice to an N1 state in Smad3-KO mice which associate with enhanced neutrophil infiltration and tumor regression. Neutrophil depletion abrogates the N1 anticancer phenotype in Smad3-KO mice, while adoptive transfer of Smad3-KO neutrophils reproduces this protective effect in wild-type mice. Single-cell analysis uncovers a TAN subset showing a mature N1 phenotype in Smad3-KO TME, whereas wild-type TANs mainly retain an immature N2 state due to Smad3. Mechanistically, TME-induced Smad3 target genes related to cell fate determination to preserve the N2 state of TAN. Importantly, genetic deletion and pharmaceutical inhibition of Smad3 enhance the anticancer capacity of neutrophils against NSCLC via promoting their N1 maturation. Thus, our work suggests that Smad3 signaling in neutrophils may represent a therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Yat-Fai Chung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Chiu-Tsun Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Max Kam-Kwan Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Vivian Weiwen Xue
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Carson International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Calvin Sze-Hang Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tin-Lap Lee
- Reproduction, Development and Endocrinology Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - David J Nikolic-Paterson
- Department of Nephrology and Monash University Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Wright K, Ly T, Kriet M, Czirok A, Thomas SM. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Master Tumor Microenvironment Modifiers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061899. [PMID: 36980785 PMCID: PMC10047485 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on the tumor microenvironment (TME), a composite of non-malignant cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM), for survival, growth, and metastasis. The ECM contributes to the biomechanical properties of the surrounding tissue, in addition to providing signals for tissue development. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are stromal cells in the TME that are integral to cancer progression. Subtypes of CAFs across a variety of cancers have been revealed, and each play a different role in cancer progression or suppression. CAFs secrete signaling molecules and remodel the surrounding ECM by depositing its constituents as well as degrading enzymes. In cancer, a remodeled ECM can lead to tumor-promoting effects. Not only does the remodeled ECM promote growth and allow for easier metastasis, but it can also modulate the immune system. A better understanding of how CAFs remodel the ECM will likely yield novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the key factors secreted by CAFs that facilitate tumor progression, ECM remodeling, and immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellen Wright
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Thuc Ly
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Matthew Kriet
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Andras Czirok
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Peng Z, Chang Q, Liu X, Chen D, Lu F, Chen X. Polydopamine-assisted tranilast immobilization on a PLA chamber to enhance fat flaps regeneration by reducing tissue fibrosis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9195-9207. [PMID: 36950704 PMCID: PMC10025940 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering chambers (TECs) have been shown to be useful in regenerating adipose tissue. However, tissue fibrosis caused by the chambers compromises the final volume of the newly formed adipose tissue. Surface modifications can compensate for the lack of biocompatibility of an implant. Tranilast (Tra) is an antifibrotic drug used to treat fibrotic pathologies, including keloids and scleroderma. In this study, a polydopamine-assisted tranilast coating (pDA + Tra) was prepared on a polylactic acid (PLA) chamber to minimize tissue fibrosis and achieve a large volume of fat flap regeneration. The in vitro results showed that, in contrast to a PLA chamber, roughness increased, and the fibroblast adhesion and smooth muscle antibody-positive immunoreactivity decreased in the PLA + pDA + Tra chamber. In addition, pedicled adipose tissue flaps were separated from the back of the rabbit and inserted into each chamber using the classic TEC procedure. After 16 weeks, the marked attenuation of fibrosis and promotion of fat regeneration was observed in the PLA + pDA + Tra chamber in contrast to the PLA chamber. Moreover, in contrast to the PLA chamber, Q-PCR results showed that fibrotic factor TGF-β was significantly reduced, associated with a remarkable increase in adipogenic differentiation transcription factors PPAR-γ and C/EBPα in the PLA + pDA + Tra chamber after 16 weeks (p < 0.05). Thus, PLA chambers loaded with pDA + Tra on the surface have good biocompatibility, and chemical anti-fibrosis reagents can synergistically reduce fibrosis formation while excellently promoting adipose tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangsong Peng
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University 1838 Guangzhou North Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510515 China +86 (020) 61641869 +86 (020) 61641869
| | - Qiang Chang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University 1838 Guangzhou North Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510515 China +86 (020) 61641869 +86 (020) 61641869
| | - Xilong Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Danni Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University 1838 Guangzhou North Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510515 China +86 (020) 61641869 +86 (020) 61641869
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University 1838 Guangzhou North Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510515 China +86 (020) 61641869 +86 (020) 61641869
| | - Xihang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University 1838 Guangzhou North Road Guangzhou Guangdong 510515 China +86 (020) 61641869 +86 (020) 61641869
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Duan S, Sun F, Qiao P, Zhu Z, Geng M, Gong X, Li Y, Yao H. Detachable Dual-Targeting Nanoparticles for Improving the Antitumor Effect by Extracellular Matrix Depletion. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1437-1449. [PMID: 36795746 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment (TME), the extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) forms a dense barrier that prevents nanodrugs from penetrating into deep tumor sites, leading to unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. Recently, it has been found that ECM depletion and using small-sized nanoparticles are effective strategies. Herein, we reported a detachable dual-targeting nanoparticle (HA-DOX@GNPs-Met@HFn) based on reducing ECM for enhancing penetration. When these nanoparticles reached the tumor site, the nanoparticles were divided into two parts in response to matrix metalloproteinase-2 overexpressed in TME, causing a decrease in the nanoparticle size from about 124 to 36 nm. One part was Met@HFn, which was detached from the surface of gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs), which effectively targeted tumor cells and released metformin (Met) under acidic conditions. Then, Met downregulated the expression of the transforming growth factor β by the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway to inhibit the activity of CAFs, thereby suppressing the production of ECM including α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I. The other was the small-sized hyaluronic acid-modified doxorubicin prodrug with autonomous targeting ability, which was gradually released from GNPs and internalized into deeper tumor cells. Intracellular hyaluronidases triggered the release of doxorubicin (DOX), which killed tumor cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis. The combination of size transformation and ECM depletion enhanced the penetration and accumulation of DOX in solid tumors. Therefore, the tumor chemotherapy effect was greatly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchao Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fangfang Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pan Qiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Meilin Geng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaobao Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Hanchun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Murphy JD, Shiomitsu K, Milner RJ, Lejeune A, Ossiboff RJ, Gell JC, Axiak-Bechtel S. Characterization of expression and prognostic implications of transforming growth factor beta, programmed death-ligand 1, and T regulatory cells in canine histiocytic sarcoma. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 257:110560. [PMID: 36804838 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive malignant neoplasm in dogs. Expression and prognostic significance of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and T regulatory cells (Tregs) in HS is unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression and prognostic significance of TGF-β, PD-L1, and FoxP3/CD25 in canine HS utilizing RNA in situ hybridization (RNAscope®). After validation was performed, RNAscope® on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) patient HS tissue samples was performed for all targets and expression quantified with HALO® software image analysis. Cox proportional hazard model was conducted to investigate the association between survival time and each variable. Additionally, for categorical data, the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method was used to generate survival curves. TGF-β and PD-L1 mRNA expression was confirmed in the DH82 cell line by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and CD25 + FoxP3 + cells were detected by flow cytometry in peripheral blood. Once the RNAscope® method was validated, TGF-β H-score and dots/cell and FoxP3 dots/cell were assessed in HS samples and found to be significantly correlated with survival. Moderate positive correlations were found between FoxP3 and PD-L1 H-score, percent staining area, and dots/cell, and FoxP3 and TGF-β dots/cell. In summary, RNAscope® is a valid technique to detect TGF-β and PD-L1 expression and identify Tregs in canine HS FFPE tissues. Furthermore, canine HS expresses TGF-β and PD-L1. Increased TGF-β and FoxP3 correlated with worse prognosis. Prospective studies are warranted to further investigate TGF-β, PD-L1, and Tregs effect on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline D Murphy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Keijiro Shiomitsu
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Rowan J Milner
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Amandine Lejeune
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Robert J Ossiboff
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Jessy Castellanos Gell
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - Sandra Axiak-Bechtel
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States.
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Chen Z, Yu H, Chen X, Chen W, Song W, Li Z. Mutual regulation between glycosylation and transforming growth factor-β isoforms signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123818. [PMID: 36858092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily members orchestrate a wide breadth of biological processes. Through Sma and Mad (Smad)-related dependent or noncanonical pathways, TGF-β members involve in the occurrence and development of many diseases such as cancers, fibrosis, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases and brain diseases. Glycosylation is one kind of the most common posttranslational modifications on proteins or lipids. Abnormal protein glycosylation can lead to protein malfunction and biological process disorder, thereby causing serious diseases. Previously, researchers commonly make comprehensive systematic overviews on the roles of TGF-β signaling in a specific disease or biological process. In recent years, more and more evidences associate glycosylation modification with TGF-β signaling pathway, and we can no longer disengage and ignore the roles of glycosylation from TGF-β signaling to make investigation. In this review, we provide an overview of current findings involved in glycosylation within TGF-βs and theirs receptors, and the interaction effects between glycosylation and TGF-β subfamily signaling, concluding that there is an intricate mutual regulation between glycosylation and TGF-β signaling, hoping to present the glycosylation regulatory patterns that concealed in TGF-βs signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Hanjie Yu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Xiangqin Chen
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Wentian Chen
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Wanghua Song
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
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Emerging Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Progression and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043941. [PMID: 36835352 PMCID: PMC9964606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Tumor cells recruit and remodel various types of stromal and inflammatory cells to form a tumor microenvironment (TME), which encompasses cellular and molecular entities, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), immune cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), immune checkpoint molecules and cytokines that promote cancer cell growth, as well as their drug resistance. HCC usually arises in the context of cirrhosis, which is always associated with an enrichment of activated fibroblasts that are owed to chronic inflammation. CAFs are a major component of the TME, providing physical support in it and secreting various proteins, such as extracellular matrices (ECMs), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor 1/2 (ILGF1/2) and cytokines that can modulate tumor growth and survival. As such, CAF-derived signaling may increase the pool of resistant cells, thus reducing the duration of clinical responses and increasing the degree of heterogeneity within tumors. Although CAFs are often implicated to be associated with tumor growth, metastasis and drug resistance, several studies have reported that CAFs have significant phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, and some CAFs display antitumor and drug-sensitizing properties. Multiple studies have highlighted the relevance of crosstalk between HCC cells, CAFs and other stromal cells in influence of HCC progression. Although basic and clinical studies partially revealed the emerging roles of CAFs in immunotherapy resistance and immune evasion, a better understanding of the unique functions of CAFs in HCC progression will contribute to development of more effective molecular-targeted drugs. In this review article, molecular mechanisms involved in crosstalk between CAFs, HCC cells and other stromal cells, as well as the effects of CAFs on HCC-cell growth, metastasis, drug resistance and clinical outcomes, are comprehensively discussed.
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Huang Y, Sun H, Guo P. Research Progress of Tumor Microenvironment Targeted Therapy for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231155700. [PMID: 36772805 PMCID: PMC9926375 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231155700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the tumor microenvironment (TME) influence each other, leading to the tumor microenvironment that can guide the corresponding treatment. With the deepening of research, some treatment options have achieved good results, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and so on. As the link between TME and malignancy is constantly discovered, more targeted studies on different components of TME are increasing, and this targeted therapy is a new method for treating ccRCC, and also a current research hotspot. This review summarizes the characteristics of the ccRCC tumor microenvironment, the outcomes of different treatments, and some potential targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Pu Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China,Pu Guo, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233000, China.
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Mahmoudi Z, Kalantar H, Mansouri E, Mohammadi E, Khodayar MJ. Dimethyl fumarate attenuates paraquat-induced pulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in mice. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 190:105336. [PMID: 36740344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is the most important cationic bipyridyl herbicide in the agricultural industry, which is very toxic to humans and animals and causes disruption in many organs, mainly in the lungs. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an immune-modulating drug used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects. In this study, the ameliorative effects of DMF (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, orally) on PQ (30 mg/kg) model of lung damage were evaluated in male mice. DMF was given daily for 7 days and PQ was administrated in the fourth day in a single dose. On the eighth day, the animals were sacrificed, and their lung tissue were removed. The results indicated that DMF can ameliorate PQ-induced the significant increase in lung index, hydroxyproline, as well as TBARS, TGF-β, NF-κB and decrease in the amount of total thiol, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, Nrf-2, and INF-γ. The histopathological results confirmed indicated findings. The results showed that the protective effect of DMF on PQ-induced toxicity is mediated through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mahmoudi
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centerx, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mohammadi
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Fiorentino G, Cimadomo D, Innocenti F, Soscia D, Vaiarelli A, Ubaldi FM, Gennarelli G, Garagna S, Rienzi L, Zuccotti M. Biomechanical forces and signals operating in the ovary during folliculogenesis and their dysregulation: implications for fertility. Hum Reprod Update 2023; 29:1-23. [PMID: 35856663 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folliculogenesis occurs in the highly dynamic environment of the ovary. Follicle cyclic recruitment, neo-angiogenesis, spatial displacement, follicle atresia and ovulation stand out as major events resulting from the interplay between mechanical forces and molecular signals. Morphological and functional changes to the growing follicle and to the surrounding tissue are required to produce oocytes capable of supporting preimplantation development to the blastocyst stage. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review will summarize the ovarian morphological and functional context that contributes to follicle recruitment, growth and ovulation, as well as to the acquisition of oocyte developmental competence. We will describe the changes occurring during folliculogenesis to the ovarian extracellular matrix (ECM) and to the vasculature, their influence on the mechanical properties of the ovarian tissue, and, in turn, their influence on the regulation of signal transduction. Also, we will outline how their dysregulation might be associated with pathologies such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Finally, for each of these three pathologies, we will highlight therapeutic strategies attempting to correct the altered biomechanical context in order to restore fertility. SEARCH METHODS For each area discussed, a systematic bibliographical search was performed, without temporal limits, using PubMed Central, Web of Science and Scopus search engines employing the keywords extracellular matrix, mechanobiology, biomechanics, vasculature, angiogenesis or signalling pathway in combination with: ovary, oogenesis, oocyte, folliculogenesis, ovarian follicle, theca, granulosa, cumulus, follicular fluid, corpus luteum, meiosis, oocyte developmental competence, preimplantation, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency or endometriosis. OUTCOMES Through search engines queries, we yielded a total of 37 368 papers that were further selected based on our focus on mammals and, specifically, on rodents, bovine, equine, ovine, primates and human, and also were trimmed around each specific topic of the review. After the elimination of duplicates, this selection process resulted in 628 papers, of which 287 were cited in the manuscript. Among these, 89.2% were published in the past 22 years, while the remaining 8.0%, 2.4% or 0.3% were published during the 1990s, 1980s or before, respectively. During folliculogenesis, changes occur to the ovarian ECM composition and organization that, together with vasculature modelling around the growing follicle, are aimed to sustain its recruitment and growth, and the maturation of the enclosed oocyte. These events define the scenario in which mechanical forces are key to the regulation of cascades of molecular signals. Alterations to this context determine impaired folliculogenesis and decreased oocyte developmental potential, as observed in pathological conditions which are causes of infertility, such as PCOS, endometriosis or POI. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The knowledge of these mechanisms and the rules that govern them lay a sound basis to explain how follicles recruitment and growth are modulated, and stimulate insights to develop, in clinical practice, strategies to improve follicular recruitment and oocyte competence, particularly for pathologies like PCOS, endometriosis and POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiorentino
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Daria Soscia
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Gianluca Gennarelli
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Sant'Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Livet, GeneraLife IVF, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Garagna
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Rienzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zuccotti
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Chen JY, Yiu WH, Tang PMK, Tang SCW. New insights into fibrotic signaling in renal cell carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1056964. [PMID: 36910160 PMCID: PMC9996540 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1056964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic signaling plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of solid cancers including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Intratumoral fibrosis (ITF) and pseudo-capsule (PC) fibrosis are significantly correlated to the disease progression of renal cell carcinoma. Targeting classic fibrotic signaling processes such as TGF-β signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) shows promising antitumor effects both preclinically and clinically. Therefore, a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of fibrotic signaling in renal cell carcinoma at molecular resolution can facilitate the development of precision therapies against solid cancers. In this review, we systematically summarized the latest updates on fibrotic signaling, from clinical correlation and molecular mechanisms to its therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma. Importantly, we examined the reported fibrotic signaling on the human renal cell carcinoma dataset at the transcriptome level with single-cell resolution to assess its translational potential in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Yi Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai-Han Yiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sydney Chi-Wai Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chan MKK, Chan ELY, Ji ZZ, Chan ASW, Li C, Leung KT, To KF, Tang PMK. Transforming growth factor-β signaling: from tumor microenvironment to anticancer therapy. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:316-343. [PMID: 37205317 PMCID: PMC10185444 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is an important pathway for promoting the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including cancer. The roles of TGF-β signaling are heterogeneous and versatile in cancer development and progression, both anticancer and protumoral actions are reported. Interestingly, increasing evidence suggests that TGF-β enhances disease progression and drug resistance via immune-modulatory actions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. A better understanding of its regulatory mechanisms in the TME at the molecular level can facilitate the development of precision medicine to block the protumoral actions of TGF-β in the TME. Here, the latest information about the regulatory mechanisms and translational research of TGF-β signaling in the TME for therapeutic development had been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Kam-Kwan Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Emily Lok-Yiu Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zoey Zeyuan Ji
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Alex Siu-Wing Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Beaven E, Kumar R, Bhatt HN, Esquivel SV, Nurunnabi M. Myofibroblast specific targeting approaches to improve fibrosis treatment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13556-13571. [PMID: 36445310 PMCID: PMC9946855 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04825f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis has been shown to develop in individuals with underlying health conditions, especially chronic inflammatory diseases. Fibrosis is often diagnosed in various organs, including the liver, lungs, kidneys, heart, and skin, and has been described as excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix that can affect specific organs in the body or systemically throughout the body. Fibrosis as a chronic condition can result in organ failure and result in death of the individual. Understanding and identification of specific biomarkers associated with fibrosis has emerging potential in the development of diagnosis and targeting treatment modalities. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss multiple signaling pathways such as TGF-β, collagen, angiotensin, and cadherin and outline the chemical nature of the different signaling pathways involved in fibrogenesis as well as the mechanisms. Although it has been well established that TGF-β is the main catalyst initiating and driving multiple pathways for fibrosis, targeting TGF-β can be challenging as this molecule regulates essential functions throughout the body that help to keep the body in homeostasis. We also discuss collagen, angiotensin, and cadherins and their role in fibrosis. We comprehensively discuss the various delivery systems used to target collagen, angiotensin, and cadherins to manage fibrosis. Nevertheless, understanding the steps by which this molecule drives fibrosis development can aid in the development of specific targets of its cascading mechanism. Throughout the review, we will demonstrate the mechanism of fibrosis targeting to improve targeting delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elfa Beaven
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Himanshu N Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Stephanie V Esquivel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Aerospace Center (cSETR), The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Aerospace Center (cSETR), The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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Yu Z, Vyungura O, Zhao Y. Molecular subtyping and IMScore based on immune-related pathways, oncogenic pathways, and DNA damage repair pathways for guiding immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:3135-3153. [PMID: 36636061 PMCID: PMC9830348 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Although immunotherapy provides hope for advanced HCC patients, the outcomes are not satisfactory and vary by individual case. In this study, we sought to establish novel molecular subtypes and a stable model based on tumor-related pathways for guiding the immunotherapy in HCC patients. Methods A total of 15 pathways including immune pathways, stromal pathways, oncogenic pathways, and DNA damage repair pathways were used to construct molecular subtypes through consensus clustering. Immune characteristics, gene mutations, and genomic alterations including copy number variations and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) were analyzed in different clusters. The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) framework was used to predict the response to immunotherapy. Univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were employed to screen prognostic genes for constructing a risk model. Results Three clusters/subtypes were constructed including Immune-E, Immune-D and Stromal-E. Immune-D had the worst prognosis and high enrichment of HRD pathways. Immune-E had higher immune infiltration, higher expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-related genes, and higher expression of PD1, PDL1, CTLA4, and LAG3. TP53 alterations frequently occurred in Immune-D. Immune-E had a relatively high response to immunotherapy and was sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, we constructed an IMScore model that was effective to classify HCC patients into different risk groups, and the IMScore had a better performance than the TIDE score. Conclusions This study revealed the complex interaction among the tumor microenvironment (TME), genomic alterations, and tumor-related pathways by exploring the molecular difference of 3 subtypes. The IMScore model has potential to provide guidance for immunotherapy in HCC patients.
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Wang Z, An J, Zhu D, Chen H, Lin A, Kang J, Liu W, Kang X. Periostin: an emerging activator of multiple signaling pathways. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:515-530. [PMID: 35412260 PMCID: PMC9733775 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are responsible for regulating the microenvironment, the behaviors of surrounding cells, and the homeostasis of tissues. Periostin (POSTN), a non-structural matricellular protein, can bind to many extracellular matrix proteins through its different domains. POSTN usually presents at low levels in most adult tissues but is highly expressed in pathological sites such as in tumors and inflamed organs. POSTN can bind to diverse integrins to interact with multiple signaling pathways within cells, which is one of its core biological functions. Increasing evidence shows that POSTN can activate the TGF-β, the PI3K/Akt, the Wnt, the RhoA/ROCK, the NF-κB, the MAPK and the JAK pathways to promote the occurrence and development of many diseases, especially cancer and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, POSTN can interact with some pathways in an upstream and downstream relationship, forming complicated crosstalk. This article focuses on the interactions between POSTN and different signaling pathways in diverse diseases, attempting to explain the mechanisms of interaction and provide novel guidelines for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoheng Wang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangdong An
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Chen
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aixin Lin
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihe Kang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Liu
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82, Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China ,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030 People’s Republic of China
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Marangio A, Biccari A, D’Angelo E, Sensi F, Spolverato G, Pucciarelli S, Agostini M. The Study of the Extracellular Matrix in Chronic Inflammation: A Way to Prevent Cancer Initiation? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235903. [PMID: 36497384 PMCID: PMC9741172 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between cells and their microenvironment has a key function in normal tissue homeostasis, and in disease initiation, progression and a patient's prognosis, at the very least. The extracellular matrix (ECM), as an element of all tissues and cellular microenvironment, is a frequently overlooked component implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases. In the inflammatory microenvironment (IME), different alterations resulting from remodeling processes can affect ECM, progressively inducing cancer initiation and the passage toward a tumor microenvironment (TME). Indeed, it has been demonstrated that altered ECM components interact with a variety of surface receptors triggering intracellular signaling that affect cellular pathways in turn. This review aims to support the notion that the ECM and its alterations actively participate in the promotion of chronic inflammation and cancer initiation. In conclusion, some data obtained in cancer research with the employment of decellularized ECM (dECM) models are described. The reported results encourage the application of dECM models to investigate the short circuits contributing to the creation of distinct IME, thus representing a potential tool to avoid the progression toward a malignant lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Marangio
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Biccari
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo D’Angelo
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-964-0160
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Mancarella S, Gigante I, Serino G, Pizzuto E, Dituri F, Valentini MF, Wang J, Chen X, Armentano R, Calvisi DF, Giannelli G. Crenigacestat blocking notch pathway reduces liver fibrosis in the surrounding ecosystem of intrahepatic CCA viaTGF-β inhibition. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:331. [PMID: 36443822 PMCID: PMC9703776 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly malignant tumor characterized by an intensive desmoplastic reaction due to the exaggerated presence of the extracellular (ECM) matrix components. Liver fibroblasts close to the tumor, activated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and expressing high levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), become cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs are deputed to produce and secrete ECM components and crosstalk with cancer cells favoring tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Overexpression of Notch signaling is implicated in CCA development and growth. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Notch inhibitor, Crenigacestat, on the surrounding microenvironment of iCCA. METHODS We investigated Crenigacestat's effectiveness in a PDX model of iCCA and human primary culture of CAFs isolated from patients with iCCA. RESULTS In silico analysis of transcriptomic profiling from PDX iCCA tissues treated with Crenigacestat highlighted "liver fibrosis" as one of the most modulated pathways. In the iCCA PDX model, Crenigacestat treatment significantly (p < 0.001) reduced peritumoral liver fibrosis. Similar results were obtained in a hydrodynamic model of iCCA. Bioinformatic prediction of the upstream regulators related to liver fibrosis in the iCCA PDX treated with Crenigacestat revealed the involvement of the TGF-β1 pathway as a master regulator gene showing a robust connection between TGF-β1 and Notch pathways. Consistently, drug treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced TGF-β1 mRNA and protein levels in tumoral tissue. In PDX tissues, Crenigacestat remarkably inhibited TGF-β signaling and extracellular matrix protein gene expression and reduced α-SMA expression. Furthermore, Crenigacestat synergistically increased Gemcitabine effectiveness in the iCCA PDX model. In 31 iCCA patients, TGF-β1 and α-SMA were upregulated in the tumoral compared with peritumoral tissues. In freshly isolated CAFs from patients with iCCA, Crenigacestat significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited Notch signaling, TGF-β1 secretion, and Smad-2 activation. Consequently, Crenigacestat also inactivated CAFs reducing (p < 0.001) α-SMA expression. Finally, CAFs treated with Crenigacestat produced less (p < 005) ECM components such as fibronectin, collagen 1A1, and collagen 1A2. CONCLUSIONS Notch signaling inhibition reduces the peritumoral desmoplastic reaction in iCCA, blocking the TGF-β1 canonical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mancarella
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
| | - Isabella Gigante
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
| | - Grazia Serino
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
| | - Elena Pizzuto
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
| | - Francesco Dituri
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
| | - Maria F. Valentini
- grid.7644.10000 0001 0120 3326Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Jingxiao Wang
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Xin Chen
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- grid.489101.50000 0001 0162 6994National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. De Bellis” Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, BA Italy
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Jia H, Cao M, Hao S, Wang J, Wang J. Prediction of prognosis, immune infiltration and immunotherapy response with N6-methyladenosine-related lncRNA clustering patterns in cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17256. [PMID: 36241866 PMCID: PMC9568557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs and tumor microenvironment (TME) exert an important effect in antitumor immunity. Nonetheless, the role of m6A-related lncRNA clustering patterns in prognosis, TME and immunotherapy of cervical cancer (CC) remains unknown. Here, based on 7 m6A-related prognostic lncRNAs obtained from TCGA-CC dataset, two m6AlncRNA clustering patterns were determined. m6AlncRNA clusterA was characterized by immune cell infiltrates and immune activation. m6AlncRNA clusterB was characterized by enrichment of immune evasion and tumorigenic activation pathways as well as survival and clinical stage disadvantage. Then, principal component analysis algorithms were used to construct m6AlncRNAscore based on prognostic differentially expressed genes between two m6AlncRNA clusters to quantify m6AlncRNA clustering patterns. m6AlncRNAscore was an independent prognostic protective factor. Higher Th2 and Treg cells and enrichment of immunosuppressive pathways were observed in the low-m6AlncRNAscore group, with poorer survival. High-m6AlncRNAscore was characterized by increased infiltration of activated CD8 T cell, enrichment of immune activation pathways, lower IL-10 and TGF-beta1 levels, and higher immunophenscore values, indicating inflamed TME and better anti-tumor immunotherapy efficacy. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction was used for detection of m6A-related prognostic lncRNAs. Collectively, we identified two m6AlncRNA clustering patterns which play a nonnegligible role in the prognosis, TME heterogeneity and immunotherapy of CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Jia
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Meiting Cao
- Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Suhua Hao
- Department of Prevention Care, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56, Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- grid.263452.40000 0004 1798 4018Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56, Xinjian Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
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