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Deng JL, Wang GY, Zhai YJ, Feng XY, Deng L, Han WB, Tang JJ. Herpotrichone A Exerts Neuroprotective Effects by Relieving Ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17356-17367. [PMID: 39042602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of oxidative stress and ferroptosis is currently considered to be a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases. Herpotrichones, a class of compounds derived from insect symbionts, have shown potential for neuroprotective activity with low toxicity. However, the specific mechanisms through which herpotrichones exert their neuroprotective effects remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, the natural [4 + 2] adducts herpotrichone A (He-A) and its new analogues were isolated from the isopod-associated fungus Herpotrichia sp. SF09 and exhibited significantly protective effects in H2O2-, 6-OHDA-, and RSL3-stimulated PC12 cells and LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Moreover, He-A was able to relieve ferroptotic cell death in RSL3-stimulated PC12 cells and 6-OHDA-induced zebrafish larvae. Interestingly, He-A can activate antioxidant elements and modulate the SLC7A11 pathway without capturing oxidic free radical and chelating iron. These findings highlight He-A as a novel hit that protects against ferroptosis-like neuronal damage in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guo-Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi-Jie Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xu-Yao Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lu Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wen-Bo Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen Virtual University Park Building, High-Tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
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Yang J, Zhao H, Qu S. Therapeutic potential of fucoidan in central nervous system disorders: A systematic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134397. [PMID: 39097066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders have a complicated pathogenesis, and to date, no single mechanism can fully explain them. Most drugs used for CNS disorders primarily aim to manage symptoms and delay disease progression, and none have demonstrated any pathological reversal. Fucoidan is a safe, sulfated polysaccharide from seaweed that exhibits multiple pharmacological effects, and it is anticipated to be a novel treatment for CNS disorders. To assess the possible clinical uses of fucoidan, this review aims to provide an overview of its neuroprotective mechanism in both in vivo and in vitro CNS disease models, as well as its pharmacokinetics and safety. We included 39 articles on the pharmacology of fucoidan in CNS disorders. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that fucoidan has important roles in regulating lipid metabolism, enhancing the cholinergic system, maintaining the functional integrity of the blood-brain barrier and mitochondria, inhibiting inflammation, and attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis, highlighting its potential for CNS disease treatment. Fucoidan has a protective effect against CNS disorders. With ongoing research on fucoidan, it is expected that a natural, highly effective, less toxic, and highly potent fucoidan-based drug or nutritional supplement targeting CNS diseases will be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Shengtao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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3
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Lu H, Zheng Y, Wang D. ATF3 affects osteogenic differentiation in inflammatory hPDLSCs by mediating ferroptosis via regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102447. [PMID: 38991270 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) has been identified as a regulator associated with osteoblast differentiation. However, the effects of ATF3 on the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of human periodontal stem cells (hPDLSCs) in periodontitis have not been reported. With the purpose of establishing an in vitro model of periodontitis, hPDLSCs were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was applied to assess cell viability, while reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were employed to detect ATF3 expression. Inflammatory release was assessed using ELISA, together with western blotting. Lipid peroxidation was explored using the C11 BODIPY 581/591 probe, biochemical kits, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and DCFH-DA staining. Iron and Fe2+ levels, and the expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins were measured using corresponding kits and western blotting. Osteogenic differentiative capability was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin red staining and western blotting. The expression levels of proteins associated with Nrf2/HO-1 signaling were identified using western blotting. The results indicated that ATF3 expression was upregulated in LPS-induced hPDLSCs. The knockdown of ATF3 alleviated the LPS-induced inflammatory response in hPDLSCs, together with increased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, Cox-2 and iNOS, and decreased levels of IL-10. ATF3 silencing also led to lower TBARS production rate, and reduced levels of reactive oxygen species, iron, Fe2+, ACSL4 and TFR1, whereas it elevated the levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4. In addition, ATF3 silencing promoted hPDLSC mineralization and cell differentiation, and elevated the levels of OCN2, RUNX2 and BMP2. Additionally, ATF3 depletion upregulated the expression levels of proteins related with Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. The Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 partially counteracted the effects of ATF3 interference on the LPS-challenged inflammatory response, lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis as well as osteogenic differentiative capability in hPDLSCs. In summary, the results revealed that ATF3 silencing suppressed inflammation and ferroptosis, while it improved osteogenic differentiation in LPS-induced hPDLSCs by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, which may provide promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Yuemei Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
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Kumar Saini S, Singh D. Mitochondrial mechanisms in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Unravelling the intricacies. Mitochondrion 2024; 77:101883. [PMID: 38631511 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is a major contributor to physical impairments and premature death worldwide. The available reperfusion therapies for stroke in the form of mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis increase the risk of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury due to sudden restoration of blood supply to the ischemic region. The injury is manifested by hemorrhagic transformation, worsening of neurological impairments, cerebral edema, and progression to infarction in surviving patients. A complex network of multiple pathological processes has been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of I-R injury. Primarily, 3 major contributors namely oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial failure have been well studied in I-R injury. A transcription factor, Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) plays a crucial defensive role in resisting the deleterious effects of I-R injury and potentiating the cellular protective mechanisms. In this review, we delve into the critical function of mitochondria and Nrf2 in the context of cerebral I-R injury. We summarized how oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial anomaly contribute to the pathophysiology of I-R injury and further elaborated the role of Nrf2 as a pivotal guardian of cellular integrity. The review further highlighted Nrf2 as a putative therapeutic target for mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebral I-R injury management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar Saini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Kombe Kombe AJ, Fotoohabadi L, Nanduri R, Gerasimova Y, Daskou M, Gain C, Sharma E, Wong M, Kelesidis T. The Role of the Nrf2 Pathway in Airway Tissue Damage Due to Viral Respiratory Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7042. [PMID: 39000157 PMCID: PMC11241721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses constitute a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. Respiratory virus-associated injuries include oxidative stress, ferroptosis, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, fibrosis, autoimmunity, and vascular injury. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the pathophysiology of viral infection and associated complications. It has thus emerged as a pivotal player in cellular defense mechanisms against such damage. Here, we discuss the impact of Nrf2 activation on airway injuries induced by respiratory viruses, including viruses, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses. The inhibition or deregulation of Nrf2 pathway activation induces airway tissue damage in the presence of viral respiratory infections. In contrast, Nrf2 pathway activation demonstrates protection against tissue and organ injuries. Clinical trials involving Nrf2 agonists are needed to define the effect of Nrf2 therapeutics on airway tissues and organs damaged by viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Leila Fotoohabadi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Yulia Gerasimova
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Maria Daskou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chandrima Gain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eashan Sharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Shang NY, Huang LJ, Lan JQ, Kang YY, Tang JS, Wang HY, Li XN, Sun Z, Chen QY, Liu MY, Wen ZP, Feng XH, Wu L, Peng Y. PHPB ameliorates memory deficits and reduces oxidative injury in Alzheimer's disease mouse model by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1142-1159. [PMID: 38409216 PMCID: PMC11130211 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people and substantially affects patient quality of life. Oxidative stress is considered a key factor in the development of AD. Nrf2 plays a vital role in maintaining redox homeostasis and regulating neuroinflammatory responses in AD. Previous studies show that potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate (PHPB) exerts neuroprotective effects against cognitive impairment in a variety of dementia animal models such as APP/PS1 transgenic mice. In this study we investigated whether PHPB ameriorated the progression of AD by reducing oxidative stress (OS) damage. Both 5- and 13-month-old APP/PS1 mice were administered PHPB (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for 10 weeks. After the cognition assessment, the mice were euthanized, and the left hemisphere of the brain was harvested for analyses. We showed that 5-month-old APP/PS1 mice already exhibited impaired performance in the step-down test, and knockdown of Nrf2 gene only slightly increased the impairment, while knockdown of Nrf2 gene in 13-month-old APP/PS1 mice resulted in greatly worse performance. PHPB administration significantly ameliorated the cognition impairments and enhanced antioxidative capacity in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, PHPB administration significantly increased the p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratios and the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 in APP/PS1 mice, but these changes were abolished by knockdown of Nrf2 gene. In SK-N-SH APPwt cells and primary mouse neurons, PHPB (10 μM) significantly increased the p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratios and the level of Nrf2, which were blocked by knockdown of Nrf2 gene. In summary, this study demonstrates that PHPB exerts a protective effect via the Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway and it might be a promising neuroprotective agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Long-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jia-Qi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yu-Ying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hong-Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xin-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Meng-Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zi-Peng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xin-Hong Feng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Quayum ST, Esha NJI, Siraji S, Abbad SSA, Alsunaidi ZH, Almatarneh MH, Rahman S, Alodhayb AN, Alibrahim KA, Kawsar SM, Uddin KM. Exploring the effectiveness of flavone derivatives for treating liver diseases: Utilizing DFT, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics techniques. MethodsX 2024; 12:102537. [PMID: 38299040 PMCID: PMC10828815 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In exploring nature's potential in addressing liver-related conditions, this study investigates the therapeutic capabilities of flavonoids. Utilizing in silico methodologies, we focus on flavone and its analogs (1-14) to assess their therapeutic potential in treating liver diseases. Molecular change calculations using density functional theory (DFT) were conducted on these compounds, accompanied by an evaluation of each analog's physiochemical and biochemical properties. The study further assesses these flavonoids' binding effectiveness and locations through molecular docking studies against six target proteins associated with human cancer. Tropoflavin and taxifolin served as reference drugs. The structurally modified flavone analogs (1-14) displayed a broad range of binding affinities, ranging from -7.0 to -9.4 kcal mol⁻¹, surpassing the reference drugs. Notably, flavonoid (7) exhibited significantly higher binding affinities with proteins Nrf2 (PDB:1 × 2 J) and DCK (PDB:1 × 2 J) (-9.4 and -8.1 kcal mol⁻¹) compared to tropoflavin (-9.3 and -8.0 kcal mol⁻¹) and taxifolin (-9.4 and -7.1 kcal mol⁻¹), respectively. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that the docked complexes had a root mean square deviation (RMSD) value ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 nm and a root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) value between 0.35 and 1.3 nm during perturbation. The study concludes that 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (7) shows substantial promise as a potential therapeutic agent for liver-related conditions. However, further validation through in vitro and in vivo studies is necessary. Key insights from this study include:•Screening of flavanols and their derivatives to determine pharmacological and bioactive properties using ADMET, molinspiration, and pass prediction analysis.•Docking of shortlisted flavone derivatives with proteins having essential functions.•Analysis of the best protein-flavonoid docked complexes using molecular dynamics simulation to determine the flavonoid's efficiency and stability within a system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Tasnim Quayum
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Jahan Ikbal Esha
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Siam Siraji
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Sanaa S. Al Abbad
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab H.A. Alsunaidi
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shofiur Rahman
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah N. Alodhayb
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khuloud A. Alibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Princess Nora bint Abdulrahman University, College of Science, Riyadh, Al Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarkar M.A. Kawsar
- Lab of Carbohydrate and Nucleoside Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Kabir M. Uddin
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh
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Abdolmaleki A, Karimian A, Khoshnazar SM, Asadi A, Samarein ZA, Smail SW, Bhattacharya D. The role of Nrf2 signaling pathways in nerve damage repair. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae080. [PMID: 38799411 PMCID: PMC11116835 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The protein, Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), is a transitory protein that acts as a transcription factor and is involved in the regulation of many cytoprotective genes linked to xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant responses. Based on the existing clinical and experimental data, it can be inferred that neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by an excessive presence of markers of oxidative stress (OS) and a reduced presence of antioxidant defense systems in both the brain and peripheral tissues. The presence of imbalances in the homeostasis between oxidants and antioxidants has been recognized as a substantial factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. The dysregulations include several cellular processes such as mitochondrial failure, protein misfolding, and neuroinflammation. These dysregulations all contribute to the disruption of proteostasis in neuronal cells, leading to their eventual mortality. A noteworthy component of Nrf2, as shown by recent research undertaken over the last decade, is to its role in the development of resistance to OS. Nrf2 plays a pivotal role in regulating systems that defend against OS. Extant research offers substantiation for the protective and defensive roles of Nrf2 in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the influence of Nrf2 on OS and its function in regulating antioxidant defense systems within the realm of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, we evaluate the most recent academic inquiries and empirical evidence about the beneficial and potential role of certain Nrf2 activator compounds within the realm of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, PO Box: 179, Ardabil, 11367-56199, Iran
| | - Aida Karimian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, PO Box: 179, Ardabil, 11367-56199, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mahdieh Khoshnazar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Highway, Mustafa Khomeini Boulevard, Ibn Sina, Kerman, 9986598, Iran
| | - Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, PO Box: 179, Ardabil, 11367-56199, Iran
| | - Zahra Akhavi Samarein
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, PO Box: 179, Ardabil, 11367-56199, Iran
| | - Shukur Wasman Smail
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 1235897, Iraq
| | - Deepak Bhattacharya
- Ph.D., Policy, Nursing, At Fight-Cancer at Home, Medicinal Toxicology & QC, Sri Radha Krishna Raas Mandir, KedarGouri Road, Bhubaneswar, Odisa 751002, India
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9
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Xu Q, Chen Y, Chen D, Reddy MB. The Protection of EGCG Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Damage by Regulating PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling. Nutr Metab Insights 2024; 17:11786388241253436. [PMID: 38800717 PMCID: PMC11128170 DOI: 10.1177/11786388241253436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a classic neurotoxin that has been widely used in Parkinson's disease research. 6-OHDA can increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause cell damage, which can be attenuated with (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) treatment. However, the mechanism by which EGCG alters the 6-OHDA toxicity remains unclear; In this study, we found 6-OHDA (25 μM) alone increased intracellular ROS concentration in N27 cells, which was attenuated by pretreating with EGCG (100 μM). We evaluated the intracellular oxidative damage by determining the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyl content. 6-OHDA significantly increased TBARS by 82.7% (P < .05) and protein carbonyl content by 47.8 (P < .05), compared to the control. Pretreatment of EGCG decreased TBARS and protein carbonyls by 36.4% (P < .001) and 27.7% (P < .05), respectively, compared to 6-OHDA alone treatment. Antioxidant effect was tested with E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor γ (PPARγ) expression. 6-OHDA increased Nrf2 expression by 69.6% (P < .001), HO-1 by 173.3% (P < .001), and PPARγ by 122.7% (P < .001), compared with untreatment. EGCG pretreatment stabilized these alterations induced by 6-OHDA. Our results suggested that the neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA in N27 cells was associated with ROS pathway, whereas pretreatment of EGCG suppressed the ROS generation and deactivated the Nrf2/HO-1 and PPARγ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Sanabria-Castro A, Alape-Girón A, Flores-Díaz M, Echeverri-McCandless A, Parajeles-Vindas A. Oxidative stress involvement in the molecular pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis: a literature review. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:355-371. [PMID: 38163257 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune debilitating disease of the central nervous system caused by a mosaic of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The pathological hallmarks of MS are chronic inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Oxidative stress, a state of imbalance between the production of reactive species and antioxidant defense mechanisms, is considered one of the key contributors in the pathophysiology of MS. This review is a comprehensive overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which oxidant species contribute to the initiation and progression of MS including mitochondrial dysfunction, disruption of various signaling pathways, and autoimmune response activation. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes, as well as the role of oxidants in promoting and perpetuating inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, are discussed. Finally, this review also points out the therapeutic potential of various synthetic antioxidants that must be evaluated in clinical trials in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Sanabria-Castro
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Departamento de Farmacología, Toxicología y Farmacodependencia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Alberto Alape-Girón
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Marietta Flores-Díaz
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Ann Echeverri-McCandless
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
| | - Alexander Parajeles-Vindas
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José, 10104, Costa Rica
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11
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Qi Y, Liu G, Jin S, Jian R, Zou Z, Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Zhu H, Yan P. Neuroprotective effect of acetoxypachydiol against oxidative stress through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:175. [PMID: 38664646 PMCID: PMC11044414 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive oxidative stress in the brain is an important pathological factor in neurological diseases. Acetoxypachydiol (APHD) is a lipophilic germacrane-type diterpene extracted as a major component from different species of brown algae within the genus Dictyota. There have been no previous reports on the pharmacological activity of APHD. The present research aims to explore the potential neuroprotective properties of APHD and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The possible mechanism of APHD was predicted using a combination of molecular docking and network pharmacological analysis. PC12 cells were induced by H2O2 and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), respectively. Western blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the antioxidant activity of APHD. The HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP and Nrf2 gene silencing were employed to confirm the influence of APHD on the signaling cascade involving HO-1, Nrf2, and Keap1 in vitro. RESULTS APHD exhibited antioxidant activity in both PC12 cells subjected to H2O2 and OGD/R conditions by downregulating the release of LDH, the concentrations of MDA, and ROS, and upregulating SOD, GSH-Px, and GSH concentrations. APHD could potentially initiate the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling cascade, according to the findings from network pharmacology evaluation and molecular docking. Furthermore, APHD was observed to increase Nrf2 and HO-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, while downregulating the protein concentrations of Keap1. Both Nrf2 silencing and treatment with ZnPP reversed the neuroprotective effects of APHD. CONCLUSIONS APHD activated antioxidant enzymes and downregulated the levels of LDH, MDA, and ROS in two cell models. The neuroprotective effect is presumably reliant on upregulation of the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Taken together, APHD from brown algae of the genus Dictyota shows potential as a candidate for novel neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Liu
- Department of pharmacy, Yongkang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Yongkang, 321300, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Jian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenjing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlong Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoru Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Borović Šunjić S, Jaganjac M, Vlainić J, Halasz M, Žarković N. Lipid Peroxidation-Related Redox Signaling in Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4559. [PMID: 38674143 PMCID: PMC11050283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation play important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes, while the bioactive products of lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides and reactive aldehydes, act as important mediators of redox signaling in normal and malignant cells. Many types of cancer, including osteosarcoma, express altered redox signaling pathways. Such redox signaling pathways protect cancer cells from the cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress, thus supporting malignant transformation, and eventually from cytotoxic anticancer therapies associated with oxidative stress. In this review, we aim to explore the status of lipid peroxidation in osteosarcoma and highlight the involvement of lipid peroxidation products in redox signaling pathways, including the involvement of lipid peroxidation in osteosarcoma therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Borović Šunjić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (J.V.); (M.H.)
| | | | | | | | - Neven Žarković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.J.); (J.V.); (M.H.)
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13
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Ates G, Taguchi T, Maher P. CMS121 Partially Attenuates Disease Progression in Mouse Models of Huntington's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2165-2175. [PMID: 37864765 PMCID: PMC11191676 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
There are currently no drugs that meaningfully slow down the progression of Huntington's disease (HD). Moreover, drug candidates against a single molecular target have not had significant success. Therefore, a different approach to HD drug discovery is needed. Previously we showed that the flavonol fisetin is efficacious in mouse and fly models of HD (Hum. Mol. Gen. 20:261, 2011). It is also effective in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), ischemic stroke, and the CNS complications of diabetes, all of which share some pathological features with HD. Potent derivatives of fisetin with improved pharmacology were made that maintain its multiple biological activities (J. Med. Chem. 55:378, 2012). From 160 synthetic fisetin derivatives, one, CMS121, was selected for further study in the context of HD based on pharmacological parameters and its efficacy in animal models of AD. Both R6/2 and YAC128 mouse models of HD were used in these studies. We examined motor function using multiple assays as well as survival. In the R6/2 mice, we also looked at the effects of CMS121 on striatal gene expression. In both models, we found a slowing of motor dysfunction and an increase in median life span. Interestingly, in the YAC128 mice, the effects on the slowing in motor function loss became increasingly more pronounced as the mice aged. CMS121 also reduced HD-driven changes in the expression of genes associated with the proteasome and oxidative phosphorylation. Overall, these results suggest that CMS121 could provide some benefits for HD patients, particularly with regard to increasing health span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Ates
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Taketo Taguchi
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pamela Maher
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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14
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Liu J, Duangjan C, Irwin RW, Curran SP. WDR23 mediates NRF2 proteostasis and cytoprotective capacity in the hippocampus. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111914. [PMID: 38301772 PMCID: PMC10939789 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are characterized by chronic neuroinflammation and the accumulation of dysfunctional or misfolded proteins that lead to progressive neuronal cell death. Here we demonstrate that a murine model with global loss of the CUL4-DDB1 substrate receptor WDR23 (Wdr23KO) results in changes in multiple age-related hippocampal-dependent behaviors. The behavioral differences observed in Wdr23KO animals accompany the stabilization of the NRF2/NFE2L2 protein, an increase in RNA transcripts regulated by this cytoprotective transcription factor, and an increase in the steady state level of antioxidant defense proteins. Taken together, these findings reveal a role for WDR23-proteostasis in mediating cytoprotective capacity in the hippocampus and reveal the potential for targeting WDR23-NRF2 signaling interactions for development of therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chatrawee Duangjan
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ronald W Irwin
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sean P Curran
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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15
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Adedara AO, Bressan GN, Dos Santos MM, Fachinetto R, Abolaji AO, Barbosa NV. Antioxidant responses driven by Hesperetin and Hesperidin counteract Parkinson's disease-like phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:117-127. [PMID: 38423185 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the protective effects of Hesperetin (HSP) and Hesperidin (HSD) on 1 methyl, 4 phenyl, 1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster). After a lifespan study to select exposure time and concentrations, flies were co-exposed to MPTP (0.4 mg/g diet), Hesperetin (0.2 and 0.4 mg/g diet), and Hesperidin (0.1 and 0.4 mg/g) for 7 days. In addition to in vivo parameters, we assayed some markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, thiol content, hydrogen peroxide, and nitrate/nitrite levels, mRNA expression of Keap-1 (Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1), /Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2), catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities), and cholinergic (acetyl cholinesterase activity (AChE) and dopaminergic signaling content and the mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase (MAO-like) activity). In addition to increasing the lifespan of flies, we found that both flavonoids counteracted the adverse effects of MPTP on survival, offspring emergence, and climbing ability of flies. Both flavonoids also reduced the oxidative damage on lipids and proteins and reestablished the basal levels of pro-oxidant species and activities of antioxidant enzymes in MPTP-exposed flies. These responses were accompanied by the normalization of the mRNA expression of Keap1/Nrf2 disrupted in flies exposed to MPTP. MPTP exposure also elicited changes in mRNA expression and content of TH as well as in MAO and AChE activity, which were reversed by HST and HSD. By efficiently hindering the oxidative stress in MPTP-exposed flies, our findings support the promising role of Hesperetin and Hesperidin as adjuvant therapy to manage Parkinsonism induced by chemicals such as MPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Oluwatosin Adedara
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Drosophila Laboratory, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Getúlio Nicola Bressan
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mulling Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roselei Fachinetto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Amos Olalekan Abolaji
- Drosophila Laboratory, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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16
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Xiang Y, Song X, Long D. Ferroptosis regulation through Nrf2 and implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:579-615. [PMID: 38265475 PMCID: PMC10861688 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the background knowledge of ferroptosis in the nervous system, as well as the key role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in regulating ferroptosis. The article takes Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as the starting point to explore the close association between Nrf2 and ferroptosis, which is of clear and significant importance for understanding the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) based on oxidative stress (OS). Accumulating evidence links ferroptosis to the pathogenesis of NDs. As the disease progresses, damage to the antioxidant system, excessive OS, and altered Nrf2 expression levels, especially the inhibition of ferroptosis by lipid peroxidation inhibitors and adaptive enhancement of Nrf2 signaling, demonstrate the potential clinical significance of Nrf2 in detecting and identifying ferroptosis, as well as targeted therapy for neuronal loss and mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings provide new insights and possibilities for the treatment and prevention of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiang
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Song
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingxin Long
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Feng Q, Xu X, Zhang S. Nrf2 protein in melanoma progression, as a new means of treatment. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2024; 37:247-258. [PMID: 37777339 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a potentially lethal form of skin cancer resulting from the unlimited proliferation of melanocytes. Melanocytic lineage appears to have a greater rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, possibly as a result of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and the production of melanin. It has been established that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) serves as a master regulator of the cellular response to oxidative stresses. Recent research has shown that the Nrf2 and its critical negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) are misregulated in melanoma, and the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway has emerged as a promising new target for treating and preventing melanoma. In melanoma, Nrf2 may either limit tumor growth or promote its development. This review covers a wide range of topics, including the dual functions played by the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in melanoma and the most recent targeting techniques of the Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Feng
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130017, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shoulin Zhang
- Nephrology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
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18
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Hu J, Cheng M, Jiang C, Liu L, He Z, Liu L, Yao Y, Li Z, Wang Q. Deferoxamine Mitigates Ferroptosis and Inflammation in Hippocampal Neurons After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Activating the Nrf2/TXNRD1 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1044-1060. [PMID: 37676391 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a distinct peroxidation-driven form of cell death tightly involved in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study delved into the mechanism of deferoxamine (DFO, an iron chelator) in SAH-induced ferroptosis and inflammation. SAH mouse models were established by endovascular perforation method and injected intraperitoneally with DFO, or intraventricularly injected with the Nrf2 pathway inhibitor ML385 before SAH, followed by detection of neurological function, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and brain water content. Apoptotic level of hippocampal neurons, symbolic changes of ferroptosis, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using TUNEL staining, Western blotting, colorimetry, and ELISA. The localization and expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were detected. HT22 cells were exposed to Hemin as in vitro SAH models and treated with FIN56 to induce ferroptosis, followed by evaluation of the effects of DFO on FIN56-treated HT22 cells. The regulation of Nrf2 in thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Moreover, HT22 cells were treated with DFO and ML385 to identify the role of DFO in the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis. DFO extenuated brain injury, and ferroptosis and inflammation in hippocampal neurons of SAH mice. Nrf2 localized at the CA1 region of hippocampal neurons, and DFO stimulated nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein in hippocampal neurons of SAH mice. Additionally, DFO inhibited ferroptosis and inflammatory responses in FIN56-induced HT22 cells. Nrf2 positively regulated TXNRD1 protein expression. Indeed, DFO alleviated FIN56-induced ferroptosis and inflammation via activation of the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis. DFO alleviated neurological deficits, BBB disruption, brain edema, and brain injury in mice after SAH by inhibiting hippocampal neuron ferroptosis via the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis. DFO ameliorates SAH-induced ferroptosis and inflammatory responses in hippocampal neurons by activating the Nrf2/TXNRD1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Meixiong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Chonggui Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongze He
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingtong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanpeng Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhili Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, Section 2, West 1St Ring Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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19
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Duranti E, Cordani N, Villa C. Edaravone: A Novel Possible Drug for Cancer Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1633. [PMID: 38338912 PMCID: PMC10855093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in understanding the causes and progression of tumors, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In light of advances in cancer therapy, there has been a growing interest in drug repurposing, which involves exploring new uses for medications that are already approved for clinical use. One such medication is edaravone, which is currently used to manage patients with cerebral infarction and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, edaravone has also been investigated for its potential activities in treating cancer, notably as an anti-proliferative and cytoprotective drug against side effects induced by traditional cancer therapies. This comprehensive review aims to provide updates on the various applications of edaravone in cancer therapy. It explores its potential as a standalone antitumor drug, either used alone or in combination with other medications, as well as its role as an adjuvant to mitigate the side effects of conventional anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.D.); (N.C.)
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20
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Gayatri V, Krishna Prasad M, Mohandas S, Nagarajan S, Kumaran K, Ramkumar KM. Crosstalk between inflammasomes, inflammation, and Nrf2: Implications for gestational diabetes mellitus pathogenesis and therapeutics. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176241. [PMID: 38043778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of inflammasomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has emerged as a critical area of research in recent years. Inflammasomes, key components of the innate immune system, are now recognized for their involvement in the pathogenesis of GDM. Activation of inflammasomes in response to various triggers during pregnancy can produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), contributing to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. This dysregulation not only impacts maternal health but also poses significant risks to fetal development and long-term health outcomes. Understanding the intricate interplay between inflammasomes and GDM holds promise for developing novel therapeutic strategies and interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of this condition on both mothers and their offspring. Researchers have elucidated that targeting inflammasomes using anti-inflammatory drugs and compounds can effectively reduce inflammation in GDM. Furthermore, the addition of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to this complex mechanism opens novel avenues for therapeutics. The antioxidant properties of Nrf2 may potentially suppress inflammasome activation in GDM. This comprehensive review investigates the intricate relationship between inflammasomes and GDM, emphasizing the pivotal role of inflammation in its pathogenesis. It also sheds light on potential therapeutic strategies targeting inflammasome activation and explores the role of Nrf2 in mitigating inflammation in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Gayatri
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murali Krishna Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjushree Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kriya Kumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bhushan B, Singh NK. Role of Astrogliosis in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease: Insights into Astrocytic Nrf2 Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:1015-1029. [PMID: 37817521 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273270473231002104610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Parkinson's disease (PD) has become a remarkable burden on families and society with an acceleration of population aging having several pathological hallmarks such as dopaminergic neuronal loss of the substantia nigra pars compacta, α-synucleinopathy, neuroinflammation, autophagy, last but not the least astrogliosis. Astrocyte, star-shaped glial cells perform notable physiological functions in the brain through several molecular and cellular mechanisms including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. It has been well established that the downregulation of the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD because it is a master regulator of cellular defense mechanism along with a regulator of numerous detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes gene expression. Fascinatingly, upregulation of the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway attenuates the degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons, restores neuronal proliferation, rejuvenates astrocytic functions, and exhibits neuroprotective effects via numerous cellular and molecular mechanisms in the PD-like brain of the experimental animal. Here, we discuss the numerous in-vitro and in-vivo studies that evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway against experimentally-induced PD-like manifestation. In conclusion, based on available preclinical reports, it can be assumed that the astrocytic Nrf2 signaling pathway could be an alternative target in the drug discovery process for the prevention, management, and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhushan
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, NH-19, Mathura-Delhi Road, Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, U.P. India
| | - Niraj Kumar Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, NH-19, Mathura-Delhi Road, Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, U.P. India
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22
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LaPak KM, Saeidi S, Bok I, Wamsley NT, Plutzer IB, Bhatt DP, Luo J, Ashrafi G, Major MB. Proximity proteomic analysis of the NRF family reveals the Parkinson's disease protein ZNF746/PARIS as a co-complexed repressor of NRF2. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadi9018. [PMID: 38085818 PMCID: PMC10760916 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adi9018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor activates cytoprotective and metabolic gene expression in response to various electrophilic stressors. Constitutive NRF2 activity promotes cancer progression, whereas decreased NRF2 function contributes to neurodegenerative diseases. We used proximity proteomic analysis to define protein networks for NRF2 and its family members NRF1, NRF3, and the NRF2 heterodimer MAFG. A functional screen of co-complexed proteins revealed previously uncharacterized regulators of NRF2 transcriptional activity. We found that ZNF746 (also known as PARIS), a zinc finger transcription factor implicated in Parkinson's disease, physically associated with NRF2 and MAFG, resulting in suppression of NRF2-driven transcription. ZNF746 overexpression increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in a neuronal cell model of Parkinson's disease, phenotypes that were reversed by chemical and genetic hyperactivation of NRF2. This study presents a functionally annotated proximity network for NRF2 and suggests a link between ZNF746 overexpression in Parkinson's disease and inhibition of NRF2-driven neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M. LaPak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Soma Saeidi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ilah Bok
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nathan T. Wamsley
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Isaac B. Plutzer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dhaval P. Bhatt
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jingqin Luo
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, WUSM and Siteman Cancer Center Biostatistics and Qualitative Research Shared Resource, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Ashrafi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - M. Ben Major
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University; St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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23
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Tonev D, Momchilova A. Oxidative Stress and the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis: Focus on Certain Exogenous and Endogenous Nrf2 Activators and Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17223. [PMID: 38139050 PMCID: PMC10743556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests that, in genetically susceptible subjects, T lymphocytes undergo activation in the peripheral compartment, pass through the BBB, and cause damage in the CNS. They produce pro-inflammatory cytokines; induce cytotoxic activities in microglia and astrocytes with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and other highly reactive radicals; activate B cells and macrophages and stimulate the complement system. Inflammation and neurodegeneration are involved from the very beginning of the disease. They can both be affected by oxidative stress (OS) with different emphases depending on the time course of MS. Thus, OS initiates and supports inflammatory processes in the active phase, while in the chronic phase it supports neurodegenerative processes. A still unresolved issue in overcoming OS-induced lesions in MS is the insufficient endogenous activation of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, which under normal conditions plays an essential role in mitochondria protection, OS, neuroinflammation, and degeneration. Thus, the search for approaches aiming to elevate endogenous Nrf2 activation is capable of protecting the brain against oxidative damage. However, exogenous Nrf2 activators themselves are not without drawbacks, necessitating the search for new non-pharmacological therapeutic approaches to modulate OS. The purpose of the present review is to provide some relevant preclinical and clinical examples, focusing on certain exogenous and endogenous Nrf2 activators and the modulation of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). The increased plasma levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) in response to TPE treatment of MS patients suggest their antioxidant potential for endogenous Nrf2 enhancement via NGF/TrkA/PI3K/Akt and NGF/p75NTR/ceramide-PKCζ/CK2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Tonev
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital “Tzaritza Yoanna—ISUL”, Medical University of Sofia, 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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24
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Ramos CM, Curran SP. Comparative analysis of the molecular and physiological consequences of constitutive SKN-1 activation. GeroScience 2023; 45:3359-3370. [PMID: 37751046 PMCID: PMC10643742 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular homeostats play essential roles across all levels of biological organization to ensure a return to normal function after responding to abnormal internal and environmental events. SKN-1 is an evolutionarily conserved cytoprotective transcription factor that is integral for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis upon exposure to a variety of stress conditions. Despite the essentiality of turning on SKN-1/NRF2 in response to exogenous and endogenous stress, animals with chronic activation of SKN-1 display premature loss of health with age, and ultimately, diminished lifespan. Previous genetic models of constitutive SKN-1 activation include gain-of-function alleles of skn-1 and loss-of-function alleles of wdr-23 that impede the turnover of SKN-1 by the ubiquitin proteasome. Here, we define a novel gain-of-function mutation in the xrep-4 locus that results in constitutive activation of SKN-1 in the absence of stress. Although each of these genetic mutations results in continuously unregulated transcriptional output from SKN-1, the physiological consequences of each model on development, stress resistance, reproduction, lipid homeostasis, and lifespan are distinct. Here, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the differential healthspan impacts across multiple models of constitutive SKN-1 activation. Although our results reveal the universal need to reign in the uncontrolled activity of cytoprotective transcription factors, we also define the unique signatures of each model of constitutive SKN-1 activation, which provides innovative solutions for the design of molecular "off-switches" of unregulated transcriptional homeostats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Ramos
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Sean P Curran
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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25
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Abstract
PURPOSE The transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator widely involved in essential cellular functions such as DNA repair. By clarifying the upstream and downstream links of NRF2 to DNA damage repair, we hope that attention will be drawn to the utilization of NRF2 as a target for cancer therapy. METHODS Query and summarize relevant literature on the role of NRF2 in direct repair, BER, NER, MMR, HR, and NHEJ in pubmed. Make pictures of Roles of NRF2 in DNA Damage Repair and tables of antioxidant response elements (AREs) of DNA repair genes. Analyze the mutation frequency of NFE2L2 in different types of cancer using cBioPortal online tools. By using TCGA, GTEx and GO databases, analyze the correlation between NFE2L2 mutations and DNA repair systems as well as the degree of changes in DNA repair systems as malignant tumors progress. RESULTS NRF2 plays roles in maintaining the integrity of the genome by repairing DNA damage, regulating the cell cycle, and acting as an antioxidant. And, it possibly plays roles in double stranded break (DSB) pathway selection following ionizing radiation (IR) damage. Whether pathways such as RNA modification, ncRNA, and protein post-translational modification affect the regulation of NRF2 on DNA repair is still to be determined. The overall mutation frequency of the NFE2L2 gene in esophageal carcinoma, lung cancer, and penile cancer is the highest. Genes (50 of 58) that are negatively correlated with clinical staging are positively correlated with NFE2L2 mutations or NFE2L2 expression levels. CONCLUSION NRF2 participates in a variety of DNA repair pathways and plays important roles in maintaining genome stability. NRF2 is a potential target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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26
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Lim JS, Hong JH, Lee DY, Li X, Lee DE, Choi JU, Lee KY, Kim KH, Cho YC. 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone from Trichoderma gamsii Exert Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Mouse Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2028. [PMID: 38136148 PMCID: PMC10741142 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi produce several beneficial secondary metabolites, including bioactive compounds, food additives, and biofuels. Trichoderma, which is a teleomorphic Hypocrea that falls under the taxonomic groups Ascomycota and Dikarya, is an extensively studied fungal genus. In an ongoing study that seeks to discover bioactive natural products, we investigated potential bioactive metabolites from the methanolic extract of cultured Trichoderma gamsii. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), one major compound was isolated and structurally identified as 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PP) based on nuclear magnetic resonance data and LC-MS analysis. To determine its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, as well as the underlying mechanisms, we treated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw264.7 mouse macrophages with 6PP. We found that 6PP suppresses LPS-induced increase in the levels of nitric oxide, a mediator of oxidative stress and inflammation, and restores LPS-mediated depletion of total glutathione by stabilizing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an antioxidative factor, and elevating heme oxygenase-1 levels. Furthermore, 6PP inhibited LPS-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines, which are, at least in part, regulated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). 6PP suppressed proinflammatory responses by inhibiting the nuclear localization of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), as well as by dephosphorylating the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). These results indicate that 6PP can protect macrophages against oxidative stress and LPS-induced excessive inflammatory responses by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway while inhibiting the proinflammatory, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Sung Lim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (D.Y.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Joo-Hyun Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.H.); (D.E.L.)
- Research Laboratories, ILDONG Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hwaseong 18449, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (D.Y.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiangying Li
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (D.Y.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Da Eun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.H.); (D.E.L.)
| | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (D.Y.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.H.); (D.E.L.)
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (D.Y.L.); (X.L.)
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Li SY, Xue RY, Wu H, Pu N, Wei D, Zhao N, Song ZM, Tao Y. Novel Role of Molecular Hydrogen: The End of Ophthalmic Diseases? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1567. [PMID: 38004433 PMCID: PMC10674431 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas which displays non-toxic features at high concentrations. H2 can alleviate oxidative damage, reduce inflammatory reactions and inhibit apoptosis cascades, thereby inducing protective and repairing effects on cells. H2 can be transported into the body in the form of H2 gas, hydrogen-rich water (HRW), hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) or H2 produced by intestinal bacteria. Accumulating evidence suggest that H2 is protective against multiple ophthalmic diseases, including cataracts, dry eye disease, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and other fields. In particular, H2 has been tested in the treatment of dry eye disease and corneal endothelial injury in clinical practice. This medical gas has brought hope to patients suffering from blindness. Although H2 has demonstrated promising therapeutic potentials and broad application prospects, further large-scale studies involving more patients are still needed to determine its optimal application mode and dosage. In this paper, we have reviewed the basic characteristics of H2, and its therapeutic effects in ophthalmic diseases. We also focus on the latest progress in the administration approaches and mechanisms underlying these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zong-Ming Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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28
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Zhang M, Zheng H, He J, Zhang M. Network pharmacology and in vivo studies reveal the neuroprotective effects of paeoniflorin on Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21800. [PMID: 38027768 PMCID: PMC10661068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that has still not been effectively treated. Paeoniflorin is a traditional Chinese medicine with potential neuroprotective effects against brain injury; however, the beneficial effects and mechanisms of action in AD have not been clarified. We aimed to explore the mechanisms of action of paeoniflorin in AD using network pharmacology and experimental validation. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 30 candidate targets through the intersection of the targets of paeoniflorin and related genes in AD, which were mainly enriched in oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, key targets of paeoniflorin against AD, namely Nrf2 (encoded by NFE2L2) and TLR4, were screened and found to be closely related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Subsequent in vivo experiments revealed that paeoniflorin treatment improved the cognition of APP/PS1 mice by ameliorating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which were associated with the upregulation of Nrf2 and HO1, and the downregulation of TLR4. Collectively, the present study demonstrates that paeoniflorin alleviates cognitive impairment in AD by regulating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and that Nrf2, HO1, and TLR4 could be key targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiale He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Anhui, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Anhui, China
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29
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Zaa CA, Marcelo ÁJ, An Z, Medina-Franco JL, Velasco-Velázquez MA. Anthocyanins: Molecular Aspects on Their Neuroprotective Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1598. [PMID: 38002280 PMCID: PMC10669056 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a type of flavonoids that give plants and fruits their vibrant colors. They are known for their potent antioxidant properties and have been linked to various health benefits. Upon consumption, anthocyanins are quickly absorbed and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Research based on population studies suggests that including anthocyanin-rich sources in the diet lower the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Anthocyanins exhibit neuroprotective effects that could potentially alleviate symptoms associated with such diseases. In this review, we compiled and discussed a large body of evidence supporting the neuroprotective role of anthocyanins. Our examination encompasses human studies, animal models, and cell cultures. We delve into the connection between anthocyanin bioactivities and the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. Our findings highlight how anthocyanins' antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties contribute to their neuroprotective effects. These effects are particularly relevant to key signaling pathways implicated in the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In conclusion, the outcome of this review suggests that integrating anthocyanin-rich foods into human diets could potentially serve as a therapeutic approach for neurological conditions, and we identify promising avenues for further exploration in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A. Zaa
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15021, Peru
| | - Álvaro J. Marcelo
- School of Biology, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15088, Peru;
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutic Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - José L. Medina-Franco
- DIFACQUIM Research Group, School of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 04510, Mexico;
| | - Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez
- Texas Therapeutic Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 04510, Mexico
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30
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Chen Z, Wang P, Cheng H, Wang N, Wu M, Wang Z, Wang Z, Dong W, Guan D, Wang L, Zhao R. Adolescent traumatic brain injury leads to incremental neural impairment in middle-aged mice: role of persistent oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1292014. [PMID: 37965213 PMCID: PMC10642192 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1292014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the risk of mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases in the chronic phase. However, there is limited neuropathological or molecular data on the long-term neural dysfunction and its potential mechanism following adolescent TBI. Methods A total of 160 male mice aged 8 weeks were used to mimic moderate TBI by controlled cortical impact. At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-injury (mpi), different neurological functions were evaluated by elevated plus maze, forced swimming test, sucrose preference test and Morris water maze. The levels of oxidative stress, antioxidant response, reactive astrocytes and microglia, and expression of inflammatory cytokines were subsequently assessed in the ipsilateral hippocampus, followed by neuronal apoptosis detection. Additionally, the morphological complexity of hippocampal astrocytes was evaluated by Sholl analysis. Results The adolescent mice exhibited persistent and incremental deficits in memory and anxiety-like behavior after TBI, which were sharply exacerbated at 12 mpi. Depression-like behaviors were observed in TBI mice at 6 mpi and 12 mpi. Compared with the age-matched control mice, apoptotic neurons were observed in the ipsilateral hippocampus during the chronic phase of TBI, which were accompanied by enhanced oxidative stress, and expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Moreover, the reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis in the ipsilateral hippocampus were observed in the late phase of TBI, especially at 12 mpi. Conclusion Adolescent TBI leads to incremental cognitive dysfunction, and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in middle-aged mice. The chronic persistent neuroinflammation and oxidative stress account for the neuronal loss and neural dysfunction in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Our results provide evidence for the pathogenesis of chronic neural damage following TBI and shed new light on the treatment of TBI-induced late-phase neurological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingzhe Wu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenwen Dong
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dawei Guan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
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31
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Liu J, Duangjan C, Irwin RW, Curran SP. WDR23 mediates NRF2 proteostasis and cytoprotective capacity in the hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.10.561805. [PMID: 37873429 PMCID: PMC10592735 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.10.561805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are characterized by chronic neuroinflammation and the accumulation of dysfunctional or misfolded proteins that lead to progressive neuronal cell death. Here we demonstrate that a murine model with global loss of the CUL4-DDB1 substrate receptor WDR23 ( Wdr23KO ) results in changes in multiple age-related hippocampal-dependent behaviors. The behavioral differences observed in Wdr23KO animals accompany the stabilization of the NRF2/NFE2L2 protein, an increase in RNA transcripts regulated by this cytoprotective transcription factor, and an increase in the steady state level of antioxidant defense proteins. Taken together, these findings reveal a role for WDR23-proteostasis in mediating cytoprotective capacity in the hippocampus and reveal the potential for targeting WDR23-NRF2 signaling interactions for development of therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. HIGHLIGHTS WDR23 regulates NRF2/NFE2L2 stability in the mouse hippocampus Loss of Wdr23 significantly increases the expression of NFE2L2/NRF2 target genes Global loss of WDR23 influences age-related behaviors differentially in males and females.
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32
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Wang Y, Cheng H, Wang T, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Kang X. Oxidative stress in intervertebral disc degeneration: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13448. [PMID: 36915968 PMCID: PMC10472537 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of labour loss and disability worldwide, and it also imposes a severe economic burden on patients and society. Among symptomatic LBP, approximately 40% is caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is the pathological basis of many spinal degenerative diseases such as disc herniation and spinal stenosis. Currently, the therapeutic approaches for IDD mainly include conservative treatment and surgical treatment, neither of which can solve the problem from the root by terminating the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Therefore, further exploring the pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and adopting targeted therapeutic strategies is one of the current research hotspots. Among the complex pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD, oxidative stress is considered as the main pathogenic factor. The delicate balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants is essential for maintaining the normal function and survival of IVD cells. Excessive ROS levels can cause damage to macromolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins of cells, affect normal cellular activities and functions, and ultimately lead to cell senescence or death. This review discusses the potential role of oxidative stress in IDD to further understand the pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and provides potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Huiguang Cheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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Da Silva IO, Crespo-Lopez ME, Augusto-Oliveira M, Arrifano GDP, Ramos-Nunes NR, Gomes EB, da Silva FRP, de Sousa AA, Leal ALAB, Damasceno HC, de Oliveira ACA, Souza-Monteiro JR. What We Know about Euterpe Genus and Neuroprotection: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3189. [PMID: 37513607 PMCID: PMC10384735 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Euterpe genus (mainly Euterpe oleracea Martius, Euterpe precatoria Martius, and Euterpe edulis Martius) has recently gained commercial and scientific notoriety due to the high nutritional value of its fruits, which are rich in polyphenols (phenolic acids and anthocyanins) and have potent antioxidant activity. These characteristics have contributed to the increased number of neuropharmacological evaluations of the three species over the last 10 years, especially açaí of the species Euterpe oleracea Martius. The fruits of the three species exert neuroprotective effects through the modulation of inflammatory and oxidative pathways and other mechanisms, including the inhibition of the mTOR pathway and protection of the blood-brain barrier, all of them intimately involved in several neuropathologies. Thus, a better understanding of the neuropharmacological properties of these three species may open new paths for the development of therapeutic tools aimed at preventing and treating a variety of neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilano Oliveira Da Silva
- Medicine College, Altamira Campus, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Marcus Augusto-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Paula Arrifano
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Elielton Barreto Gomes
- Medicine College, Altamira Campus, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Andrade de Sousa
- Medicine College, Altamira Campus, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Altamira 68372-040, PA, Brazil
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Vardar Acar N, Özgül RK. The bridge between cell survival and cell death: reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular stress. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:520-555. [PMID: 37534225 PMCID: PMC10390897 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
As a requirement of aerobic metabolism, regulation of redox homeostasis is indispensable for the continuity of living homeostasis and life. Since the stability of the redox state is necessary for the maintenance of the biological functions of the cells, the balance between the pro-oxidants, especially ROS and the antioxidant capacity is kept in balance in the cells through antioxidant defense systems. The pleiotropic transcription factor, Nrf2, is the master regulator of the antioxidant defense system. Disruption of redox homeostasis leads to oxidative and reductive stress, bringing about multiple pathophysiological conditions. Oxidative stress characterized by high ROS levels causes oxidative damage to biomolecules and cell death, while reductive stress characterized by low ROS levels disrupt physiological cell functions. The fact that ROS, which were initially attributed as harmful products of aerobic metabolism, at the same time function as signal molecules at non-toxic levels and play a role in the adaptive response called mithormesis points out that ROS have a dose-dependent effect on cell fate determination. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Vardar Acar
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Riza Köksal Özgül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Institute of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Casanova A, Wevers A, Navarro-Ledesma S, Pruimboom L. Mitochondria: It is all about energy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1114231. [PMID: 37179826 PMCID: PMC10167337 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron and calcium homeostasis to the production of hormones and neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable and influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, the nucleus, and the outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk mechanisms between mitochondria and circadian clocks, the gut microbiota, and the immune system. They might even be the hub supporting and integrating activity across all these domains. Hence, they might be the (missing) link in both health and disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding the mitochondrial mechanisms of action that allow for the maintenance of mitochondrial health and the pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although mitochondria have allowed us to adapt to changes over the course of evolution, in turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences mitochondria in its own way. The use of physiological stress triggers tolerance to the stressor, achieving adaptability and resistance. This review describes strategies that could recover mitochondrial functioning in multiple diseases, providing a comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach to recovering health and treating people suffering from chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaloha Casanova
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Anne Wevers
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
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Xu X, Han C, Wang P, Zhou F. Natural products targeting cellular processes common in Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1149963. [PMID: 36970529 PMCID: PMC10036594 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1149963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) include the loss of dopaminergic neurons and formation of Lewy bodies, whereas multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder with damaged myelin sheaths and axonal loss. Despite their distinct etiologies, mounting evidence in recent years suggests that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and infiltration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) all play crucial roles in both diseases. It is also recognized that therapeutic advances against one neurodegenerative disorder are likely useful in targeting the other. As current drugs in clinical settings exhibit low efficacy and toxic side effects with long-term usages, the use of natural products (NPs) as treatment modalities has attracted growing attention. This mini-review summarizes the applications of natural compounds to targeting diverse cellular processes inherent in PD and MS, with the emphasis placed on their neuroprotective and immune-regulating potentials in cellular and animal models. By reviewing the many similarities between PD and MS and NPs according to their functions, it becomes evident that some NPs studied for one disease are likely repurposable for the other. A review from this perspective can provide insights into the search for and utilization of NPs in treating the similar cellular processes common in major neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxu Xu
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shangdong, China
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaowei Han
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Feimeng Zhou
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Chemical Biology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shangdong, China
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Zhao P, Wang Y, Yang Q, Yu G, Ma F, Dong J. Abamectin causes cardiac dysfunction in carp via inhibiting redox equilibrium and resulting in immune inflammatory response and programmed cell death. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:29494-29509. [PMID: 36418824 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of abamectin on the cardiac function of carp and the potential mechanisms. Here, male carp were exposed to abamectin, and cardiac function-related enzymatic markers were examined. Cardiac histopathology, redox equilibrium, inflammation, and cell death were evaluated. Abamectin exposure caused cardiac dysfunction by upregulating lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatine Kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and white blood cells (WBCs), and decreasing red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin (Hb). DHE staining and biochemical assays revealed that abamectin caused ROS release and oxidative stress by inhibiting Nrf2-ARE pathway. Histopathological and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays revealed that abamectin caused myocardial fiber swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration, enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (Tnf-α), interleukin-1 beta (Il-1β), and Il-6 levels and attenuated anti-inflammatory cytokines Il-10 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (Tgf-β1) through activating NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway. Tunel staining showed that abamectin triggered cardiac apoptosis via activating p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis with elevated bcl2-associated X (Bax), reduced B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and activated Caspase-9 and Caspase-3. Immunoblot analysis revealed that abamectin activated autophagic flow by inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), resulting in the conversion of LC3B from LC3-I to LC3-II, elevation of autophagy protein 5 (Atg5), and reduction of p62. Overall, abamectin caused cardiac dysfunction in carp via inhibiting redox equilibrium and resulting in immune inflammatory response and programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Guili Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Fenfen Ma
- Department of Medicine Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Andronie-Cioara FL, Ardelean AI, Nistor-Cseppento CD, Jurcau A, Jurcau MC, Pascalau N, Marcu F. Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031869. [PMID: 36768235 PMCID: PMC9915182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Aging associates with a chronic inflammatory state both in the periphery and in the central nervous system, the evidence thereof and the mechanisms leading to chronic neuroinflammation being discussed. Nonetheless, neuroinflammation is significantly enhanced by the accumulation of amyloid beta and accelerates the progression of Alzheimer's disease through various pathways discussed in the present review. Decades of clinical trials targeting the 2 abnormal proteins in Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta and tau, led to many failures. As such, targeting neuroinflammation via different strategies could prove a valuable therapeutic strategy, although much research is still needed to identify the appropriate time window. Active research focusing on identifying early biomarkers could help translating these novel strategies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Adriana Ioana Ardelean
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Delia Nistor-Cseppento
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.D.N.-C.); (N.P.)
| | - Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | | | - Nicoleta Pascalau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.D.N.-C.); (N.P.)
| | - Florin Marcu
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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Collins AE, Saleh TM, Kalisch BE. VANL-100 Attenuates Beta-Amyloid-Induced Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010442. [PMID: 36613883 PMCID: PMC9820495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are being explored as novel therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) through strategies such as chemically linking antioxidants to synthesize novel co-drugs. The main objective of this study was to assess the cytoprotective effects of the novel antioxidant compound VANL-100 in a cellular model of beta-amyloid (Aβ)-induced toxicity. The cytotoxic effects of Aβ in the presence and absence of all antioxidant compounds were measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2-5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in SH-SY5Y cells in both pre-treatment and co-treatment experiments. In pre-treatment experiments, VANL-100, or one of its parent compounds, naringenin (NAR), alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), or naringenin + alpha-lipoic acid (NAR + ALA), was administrated 24 h prior to an additional 24-h incubation with 20 μM non-fibril or fibril Aβ25-35. Co-treatment experiments consisted of simultaneous treatment with Aβ and antioxidants. Pre-treatment and co-treatment with VANL-100 significantly attenuated Aβ-induced cell death. There were no significant differences between the protective effects of VANL-100, NAR, ALA, and NAR + ALA with either form of Aβ, or in the effect of VANL-100 between 24-h pre-treatment and co-treatment. These results demonstrate that the novel co-drug VANL-100 is capable of eliciting cytoprotective effects against Aβ-induced toxicity.
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Manai F, Govoni S, Amadio M. The Challenge of Dimethyl Fumarate Repurposing in Eye Pathologies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244061. [PMID: 36552824 PMCID: PMC9777082 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a small molecule currently approved and used in the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis due to its immuno-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. As an Nrf2 activator through Keap1 protein inhibition, DMF unveils a potential therapeutical use that is much broader than expected so far. In this comprehensive review we discuss the state-of-art and future perspectives regarding the potential repositioning of this molecule in the panorama of eye pathologies, including Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). The DMF's mechanism of action, an extensive analysis of the in vitro and in vivo evidence of its beneficial effects, together with a search of the current clinical trials, are here reported. Altogether, this evidence gives an overview of the new potential applications of this molecule in the context of ophthalmological diseases characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, with a special focus on AMD, for which our gene-disease (KEAP1-AMD) database search, followed by a protein-protein interaction analysis, further supports the rationale of DMF use. The necessity to find a topical route of DMF administration to the eye is also discussed. In conclusion, the challenge of DMF repurposing in eye pathologies is feasible and worth scientific attention and well-focused research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-987888
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SRT1720 as an SIRT1 activator for alleviating paraquat-induced models of Parkinson's disease. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zuo C, Cao H, Song Y, Gu Z, Huang Y, Yang Y, Miao J, Zhu L, Chen J, Jiang Y, Wang F. Nrf2: An all-rounder in depression. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102522. [PMID: 36335763 PMCID: PMC9641011 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between oxidation and antioxidant is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Once disrupted, it can lead to various pathological outcomes and diseases, such as depression. Oxidative stress can result in or aggravate a battery of pathological processes including mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, autophagical disorder and ferroptosis, which have been found to be involved in the development of depression. Inhibition of oxidative stress and related pathological processes can help improve depression. In this regard, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the antioxidant defense system may play a pivotal role. Nrf2 activation can not only regulate the expression of a series of antioxidant genes that reduce oxidative stress and its damages, but also directly regulate the genes related to the above pathological processes to combat the corresponding alterations. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 has great potential for the treatment of depression. Activation of Nrf2 has antidepressant effect, but the specific mechanism remains to be elucidated. This article reviews the key role of Nrf2 in depression, focusing on the possible mechanisms of Nrf2 regulating oxidative stress and related pathological processes in depression treatment. Meanwhile, we summarize some natural and synthetic compounds targeting Nrf2 in depression therapy. All the above may provide new insights into targeting Nrf2 for the treatment of depression and provide a broad basis for clinical transformation.
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Saleh Aldayel T. Apigenin attenuates high-fat diet-induced nephropathy in rats by hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, and concomitant activation of the Nrf2/antioxidant axis. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122345. [PMID: 36552553 PMCID: PMC9774434 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other oxidants that have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the cell. ROS have important roles in a wide range of physiological processes; however, high ROS levels are associated with oxidative stress and disease progression. Oxidative stress has been implicated in nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Antioxidant defence systems have evolved as a means of protection against oxidative stress, with the transcription factor Nrf2 as the key regulator. Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress and has been extensively studied in the disease contexts. This review aims to provide the reader with a general overview of oxidative stress and Nrf2, including basic mechanisms of Nrf2 activation and regulation, and implications in various major human diseases.
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Pan S, Wei H, Yuan S, Kong Y, Yang H, Zhang Y, Cui X, Chen W, Liu J, Zhang Y. Probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus ameliorates MPTP-induced oxidative stress via regulating the gut microbiota–gut–brain axis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1022879. [PMID: 36439235 PMCID: PMC9682001 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1022879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrated that functional bacteria were involved in the regulation of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the mechanism of probiotics in improving PD was unclear. Here the antioxidant effect and the mechanism of probiotics Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP) on PD were studied by regulating the gut–brain axis. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneally to establish a PD model and were then treated with PP for 4 weeks. Subsequently, a series of neurobehavioral tests to evaluate the motor function of the mice was performed. Additionally, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, accumulation of α-synuclein, the production of an oxidative stress response, and the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-related proteins were evaluated. Moreover, the gut microbial composition and the level of metabolite γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were assessed. The results showed that PP treatment could improve MPTP-induced motor deficits, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and the accumulation of α-synuclein. Moreover, PP treatment significantly increased the levels of SOD1, Gpx1, and Nrf2, while it decreased the levels of Keap1 in the brain of MPTP-induced mice. Notably, PP treatment improved the gut microbial dysbiosis and increased the level of GABA in MPTP-induced mice. These findings indicated that PP might represent a promising candidate, due to the metabolite of GABA, that could be used for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipei Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongming Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shushu Yuan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiqun Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhe Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaorui Cui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaming Liu, ; Yang Zhang,
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaming Liu, ; Yang Zhang,
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46
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Baba MZ, Gomathy S, Wahedi U. Role of Nrf2 Pathway Activation in Neurological Disorder: A Brief Review. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/0976500x221128855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the emergence of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, with protein accumulation and mitochondrial damage, which result in neurological disorders. To minimize oxidative stress, several defensive mechanisms protect nerve cells by releasing antioxidants such as nuclear erythroid factor2 (Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1) signaling pathway activation has been proved to be a prospective treatment to reduce oxidative stress and neuroinflammation for protection of neurons in a variety of neurological disorders. In this review, we focus beneficial role of Nrf2 in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Nrf2 is proved to be a master regulator of antioxidants by releasing over 250 cytoprotective genes aimed at oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In animal studies Nrf2 activation is proved to improve autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and Suppression of inflammatory cytokinin which protects neuronal cells and inhibit progressive neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zubair Baba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Gomathy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Umair Wahedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India
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Jurcău MC, Andronie-Cioara FL, Jurcău A, Marcu F, Ţiț DM, Pașcalău N, Nistor-Cseppentö DC. The Link between Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Implications and Future Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2167. [PMID: 36358538 PMCID: PMC9686795 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, has increasing incidence, increasing mortality rates, and poses a huge burden on healthcare. None of the currently approved drugs for the treatment of AD influence disease progression. Many clinical trials aiming at inhibiting amyloid plaque formation, increasing amyloid beta clearance, or inhibiting neurofibrillary tangle pathology yielded inconclusive results or failed. Meanwhile, research has identified many interlinked vicious cascades implicating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic neuroinflammation, and has pointed to novel therapeutic targets such as improving mitochondrial bioenergetics and quality control, diminishing oxidative stress, or modulating the neuroinflammatory pathways. Many novel molecules tested in vitro or in animal models have proven efficient, but their translation into clinic needs further research regarding appropriate doses, delivery routes, and possible side effects. Cell-based therapies and extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery of messenger RNAs and microRNAs seem also promising strategies allowing to target specific signaling pathways, but need further research regarding the most appropriate harvesting and culture methods as well as control of the possible tumorigenic side effects. The rapidly developing area of nanotechnology could improve drug delivery and also be used in early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Anamaria Jurcău
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Florin Marcu
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Delia Mirela Ţiț
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Pașcalău
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Delia Carmen Nistor-Cseppentö
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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48
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Manai F, Amadio M. Dimethyl Fumarate Triggers the Antioxidant Defense System in Human Retinal Endothelial Cells through Nrf2 Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101924. [PMID: 36290650 PMCID: PMC9598343 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a well-known activator of Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2), used in the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. The mechanism of action consists in the modification of the cysteine residues on the Nrf2-inhibitor Keap1, thus leading to the dissociation of these two proteins and the consequent activation of Nrf2. Considering the paucity of evidence of DMF effects in the context of retinal endothelium, this in vitro study investigated the role of DMF in human retinal endothelial cells (HREC). Here, we show for the first time in HREC that DMF activates the Nrf2 pathway, thus leading to an increase in HO-1 protein levels and a decrease in intracellular ROS levels. Furthermore, this molecule also shows beneficial properties in a model of hyperglucose stress, exerting cytoprotective prosurvival effects. The overall collected results suggest that DMF-mediated activation of the Nrf2 pathway may also be a promising strategy in ocular diseases characterized by oxidative stress. This study opens a new perspective on DMF and suggests its potential repositioning in a broader therapeutical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marialaura Amadio
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-987888
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49
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Lastres-Becker I, de Lago E, Martínez A, Fernández-Ruiz J. New Statement about NRF2 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091200. [PMID: 36139039 PMCID: PMC9496161 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are related neurodegenerative disorders displaying substantial overlay, although there are substantial differences at the molecular level. Currently, there is no effective treatment for these diseases. The transcription factor NRF2 has been postulated as a promising therapeutic target as it is capable of modulating key pathogenic events affecting cellular homeostasis. However, there is little experimental evidence on the status of this pathway in both ALS and FTD. Therefore, in this work, we wanted to carry out an exhaustive analysis of this signaling pathway in both transgenic mouse models (ALS and FTD) and human samples from patients with sporadic ALS (sALS) versus controls. In samples from patients with sALS and in the transgenic model with overexpression of TDP-43A315T, we observed a significant increase in the NRF2/ARE pathway in the motor cortex and the spinal cord, indicating that NRF2 antioxidant signaling was being induced, but it was not enough to reach cellular homeostasis. On the other hand, in the transgenic FTD model with overexpression of the TDP-43WT protein in forebrain neurons, a significantly decreased expression of NQO1 in the prefrontal cortex was seen, which cannot be attributed to alterations in the NRF2 pathway. Our results show that NRF2 signature is differently affected for ALS and FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Lastres-Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Institute Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-5854449
| | - Eva de Lago
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC. Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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50
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Wang H, Wu J, Fan H, Ji Y, Han C, Li C, Jiang S. The Impact of Catalpol on Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Oxidative Stress of Lung Cancer Cells Based on Nrf2/ARE Signaling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5621341. [PMID: 35898682 PMCID: PMC9313965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5621341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of catalpol on lung cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and oxidative stress via the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway are investigated in this work. Catalpol-12 g/mL group, catalpol-24 g/mL group, catalpol-48 g/mL group, catalpol - 48 g/mL + vector group, catalpol - 48 g/mL + Nrf2 group, si-NC group, and si-Nrf2 group were used to split lung cancer cells A549 into control groups. Proliferation was detected using the CCK-8 assay; apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry; migration was detected using the transwell chamber; ROS was distinguished using the DCFHDA method; MDA, SOD, and GSH were detected using the microvolume method; and Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-9, Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 were detected using the Western blot method. Catalpol 12 g/mL and 24 g/mL-48 g/mL treatment decreased the proliferation activity, migration number, and Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 protein levels of lung cancer cells when compared to the control group. SOD and GSH levels of lung cancer cells were decreased, and MDA and ROS levels were increased. Cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 protein expression levels, and apoptosis were boosted (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity, migration number, and protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 in the catalpol - 48 g/mL + Nrf2 group were raised compared to the catalpol - 48 g/mL + vector group, whereas there was an apparent drop in the Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-9, and apoptosis rate. Similarly, SOD and GSH contents increased, whereas MDA and ROS decreased (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity, migration number, and Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 protein levels of lung cancer cells in the si-Nrf2 group were all decreased when compared to the si-NC and control groups. Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 protein expression, on the other hand, increased as MDA and ROS levels were raised while SOD and GSH levels dropped (P < 0.05). It reveals that catalpol inhibits the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, which causes antiproliferation, migration, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in cancer cells of lungs. The rate of apoptosis was also lowered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyuan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiyin Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunbin Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Sicong Jiang
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, unige.it, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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