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Pang M, Xu J, Tang Y, Guo Y, Ding H, Wang R, Zhang T, Zhang G, Guo X, Dai G, Xie X, Xie K. Combining GC-MS/MS with a LLE-SPE sample pretreatment step to simultaneously analyse enrofloxacin and ofloxacin residues in chicken tissues and pork. Food Chem 2024; 456:139972. [PMID: 38852445 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A widely applicable original gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method was explored to qualitatively and quantitatively measure enrofloxacin and ofloxacin residues in chicken tissues and pork. The experimental samples were processed based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TMSD) was chosen to react derivatively with enrofloxacin and ofloxacin. In total, 78.25% ∼ 90.56% enrofloxacin and 78.43% ∼ 91.86% ofloxacin was recovered from the blank fortified samples. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.7-1.0 μg/kg and 0.1-0.2 μg/kg, respectively. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 1.6-1.9 μg/kg and 0.3-0.4 μg/kg, respectively. It was verified that various experimental data met the requirements of the FAO & WHO (2014) for the detection of veterinary drug residues. Real samples obtained from local markets were analysed using the established method, and no residues of enrofloxacin or ofloxacin were detected in the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoda Pang
- Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Junjie Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yayun Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yawen Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Hao Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agri-product Safety and Quality, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Guojun Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xing Xie
- Key Laboratory for Veterinary Bio-Product Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, PR China.
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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2
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Ramos CA, Ferreira JC, Ballaben AS, Filho RACP, Darini ALDC. Analysis of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacilli in wild and exotic healthy birds in Brazil: A warning sign. Vet Microbiol 2024; 296:110196. [PMID: 39067146 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is a public health problem affecting humans and animals. This study focuses on identifying Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) (MALDI-TOF MS and Klebsiella MALDI TypeR) resistant to antimicrobials in freshly emitted feces of healthy captive and rescued wild birds from a zoo in Brazil. Birds from the zoo and rescued from sixteen different orders were investigated. Resistant bacteria from feces were selected (MacConkey agar with 2 μg/mL cefotaxime). Genomic similarity and plasmid were investigated by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis of XbaI fragments (XbaI-PFGE) and S1-PFGE. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to search for beta-lactamase genes. From 80 birds included, 26 from the zoo (50 %) and 18 rescued wild birds (64 %) presented cefotaxime-resistant GNB. E. coli and Klebsiella spp were the most prevalent species. Among 65 isolates from the zoo and rescued wild birds, 75 % were considered multidrug-resistant (MDR). The majority of the isolates were extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing and resistant to enrofloxacin. blaCTX-M-GROUP-1, blaTEM, and blaSHV were the most detected genes, and blaKPC was detected in K. pneumoniae complex. According to genomic similarity results, some identical profiles were found in birds with no known contact among the zoo or rescued birds. Several isolates carried one to three plasmids (15-350 kb). The presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates from healthy captive and wild birds brings novel data on the dissemination of these elements to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anelise Stella Ballaben
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Jaboticabal, Brazil
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3
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Wilcox RS, Marenda MS, Devlin JM, Wilks CR. Antimicrobial use in laboratory rodent facilities in Australia and New Zealand- a cross-sectional survey of veterinarians and facility managers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292908. [PMID: 39178211 PMCID: PMC11343402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study surveyed veterinarians and facility managers to characterise the use of antimicrobials in laboratory rodent facilities within Australia and New Zealand. Most facilities (71%) reported routine administration of antimicrobials. The indications for antibiotic use reflected those described in publications and differed significantly to reasons for use in non-laboratory animals. Antimicrobials used include those of critical importance to human health, and access to these drugs is unregulated, as prescription-only classes are ordered through research catalogues, without human or veterinary physician prescriptions. The ways in which antimicrobials are used in Australian and New Zealand rodent facilities are likely contributing to antimicrobial resistance within rodent populations, particularly as they are largely administered in drinking water, risking subtherapeutic dosing. Much antimicrobial use reported is unnecessary and could be replaced with changes to husbandry and handling. The generation of resistance in both pathogenic and commensal microbes may also represent a work health and safety issue for humans working with these animals. Reported disposal of antimicrobials included discharge into wastewater, without inactivation, and some respondents reported disposal of substrate, or soiled bedding, nesting material, and disposable enrichment items, from treated animals and medicated feed into landfill, without prior inactivation. Environmental contamination with resistant microbes and antimicrobials is a significant driver of antimicrobial resistance. As such, significant opportunities exist to implement judicious and responsible use of antimicrobials within research rodent facilities in Australia and New Zealand, with a particular focus on instituting aseptic surgery, optimising dosing regimens, and inactivation of medicated water and substrate before disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebbecca S. Wilcox
- Asia Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc S. Marenda
- Asia Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne M. Devlin
- Asia Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin R. Wilks
- Asia Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Grabowski Ł, Choszcz M, Wiśniewska K, Gaffke L, Namiotko D, Podlacha M, Węgrzyn A, Węgrzyn G, Pierzynowska K. Induction of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis by enrofloxacin in the context of the safety issue of its use in poultry. Apoptosis 2024; 29:1260-1270. [PMID: 38281280 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics in both humans and livestock has led to the antibiotic resistance phenomenon which is now considered one of the biggest problems in the modern world. Some antibiotics used to control or prevent infections in livestock poultry were registered a long time ago, and as a result, data on the possible side effects of their use, both for birds and humans, are incomplete and should be updated. An example of such an antibiotic is enrofloxacin which has been widely used in poultry since 1989. Data in recent years have begun to indicate that this antibiotic induces the process of apoptosis in diverse types of eukaryotic cells. Unfortunately, such studies have never been conducted on chicken models even though it is in poultry that this antibiotic is most commonly used. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to investigate whether enrofloxacin induces apoptosis in chicken cells of the UMNSAH/DF-1 line and to study the molecular mechanism of its action. The results of these experiments indicated that enrofloxacin induces apoptosis in chicken cells but not in human HEK-293 and PC3 cells. This induction was accompanied by changes in the morphology and size of mitochondria, the process of apoptosome formation and activation of executive caspases, which clearly indicates the role of the mitochondrial pathway in the induction of apoptosis by enrofloxacin. This study is the first to show the toxicity of enrofloxacin against chicken cells and to demonstrate the exact mechanism of its action. The results presented in this work show the need to monitor the concentration of antibiotic residues in poultry foods as well as to study their impact on public health to guarantee consumer safety and prevent the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Grabowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5A, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Marta Choszcz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Karolina Wiśniewska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Dominika Namiotko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Phage Therapy Center, University Center for Applied and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Gdansk, Kładki 24, Gdansk, 80-822, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdansk, 80-308, Poland.
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5
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Mikulski D, Juśkiewicz J, Ognik K, Fotschki B, Tykałowski B, Jankowski J. Gastrointestinal response to the early administration of antimicrobial agents in growing turkeys infected with Escherichia coli. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103720. [PMID: 38652949 PMCID: PMC11063517 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of the early administration of enrofloxacin (E) or doxycycline (D) for the first 5 consecutive days of life, or the continuous administration of the coccidiostat monensin (M) throughout the rearing period on gastrointestinal function in turkeys infected with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in an early or later stage of rearing. Experiment 1 lasted 21 d, and turkeys in groups E, D, and M were infected with APEC on d 15. Experiment 2 lasted 56 d, and it had a factorial arrangement of treatments where birds in groups E, D, and M were infected with APEC on d 15 or d 50. In both experiments, control groups (C) consisted of infected and uninfected birds without antibiotic or coccidiostat administration. On d 21 (Experiment 1) and d 56 (Experiment 2), 8 birds from each subgroup were killed, and the ileal and cecal digesta were sampled to analyze the activity of bacterial enzymes and the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). The experimental treatments did not affect the final body weight or body weight gain of birds. Both experiments demonstrated that APEC contributed to an increase in ammonia levels of the cecal digesta (means from 2 experiments: 0.311 vs. 0.225 mg/g in uninfected birds) and ileal pH (6.79 vs. 6.00) and viscosity (2.43 vs. 1.83 mPa⋅s). Moreover, the E. coli challenge enhanced the extracellular activity of several cecal bacterial enzymes, especially in older turkeys infected with APEC in a later stage of life. The continuous administration of monensin throughout the rearing period resulted in a weaker gastrointestinal response in older birds, compared with the other 2 antibiotics administered for the first 5 d of life. The results of the study are inconclusive as both desirable and undesirable effects of preventive early short-term antibiotic therapy were observed in turkeys, including normalization of ileal viscosity and cecal ammonia concentration (positive effect), and disruption in cecal SCFA production (negative effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Mikulski
- Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences, Lublin 20-950, Poland
| | - Bartosz Fotschki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Tykałowski
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Jan Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
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6
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Zych S, Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska M, Szewczuk MA, Szczerbińska D. Interaction between Enrofloxacin and Three Essential Oils (Cinnamon Bark, Clove Bud and Lavender Flower)-A Study on Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from 1-Day-Old Broiler Chickens. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5220. [PMID: 38791259 PMCID: PMC11121375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes a variety of infections outside the intestine. The treatment of these infections is becoming increasingly difficult due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains, which can also be a direct or indirect threat to humans as consumers of poultry products. Therefore, alternative antimicrobial agents are being sought, which could be essential oils, either administered individually or in interaction with antibiotics. Sixteen field isolates of E. coli (originating from 1-day-old broilers) and the ATCC 25922 reference strain were tested. Commercial cinnamon bark, clove bud, lavender flower essential oils (EOs) and enrofloxacin were selected to assess the sensitivity of the selected E. coli strains to antimicrobial agents. The checkerboard method was used to estimate the individual minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each antimicrobial agent as well as to determine the interactions between the selected essential oil and enrofloxacin. In the case of enrofloxacin, ten isolates were resistant at MIC ≥ 2 μg/mL, three were classified as intermediate (0.5-1 μg/mL) and three as sensitive at ≤0.25 μg/mL. Regardless of the sensitivity to enrofloxacin, the MIC for cinnamon EO was 0.25% v/v and for clove EO was 0.125% v/v. All MDR strains had MIC values for lavender EO of 1% v/v, while drug-sensitive isolates had MIC of 0.5% v/v. Synergism between enrofloxacin and EO was noted more frequently in lavender EO (82.35%), followed by cinnamon EO (64.7%), than in clove EO (47.1%). The remaining cases exhibited additive effects. Owing to synergy, the isolates became susceptible to enrofloxacin at an MIC of ≤8 µg/mL. A time-kill study supports these observations. Cinnamon and clove EOs required for up to 1 h and lavender EO for up to 4 h to completely kill a multidrug-resistant strain as well as the ATCC 25922 reference strain of E. coli. Through synergistic or additive effects, blends with a lower than MIC concentration of enrofloxacin mixed with a lower EO content required 6 ± 2 h to achieve a similar effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Zych
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego Str. 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michalina Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska
- Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego Str. 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (M.A.-S.); (M.A.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Anna Szewczuk
- Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego Str. 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (M.A.-S.); (M.A.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Danuta Szczerbińska
- Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego Str. 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (M.A.-S.); (M.A.S.); (D.S.)
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7
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Tian D, Zhang W, Lu L, Yu Y, Yu Y, Zhang X, Li W, Shi W, Liu G. Enrofloxacin exposure undermines gut health and disrupts neurotransmitters along the microbiota-gut-brain axis in zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141971. [PMID: 38604519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The environmental prevalence of antibiotic residues poses a potential threat to gut health and may thereby disrupt brain function through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, little is currently known about the impacts of antibiotics on gut health and neurotransmitters along the microbiota-gut-brain axis in fish species. Taking enrofloxacin (ENR) as a representative, the impacts of antibiotic exposure on the gut structural integrity, intestinal microenvironment, and neurotransmitters along the microbiota-gut-brain axis were evaluated in zebrafish in this study. Data obtained demonstrated that exposure of zebrafish to 28-day environmentally realistic levels of ENR (6 and 60 μg/L) generally resulted in marked elevation of two intestinal integrity biomarkers (diamine oxidase (DAO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), upregulation of genes that encode inter-epithelial tight junction proteins, and histological alterations in gut as well as increase of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in plasma, indicating an evident impairment of the structural integrity of gut. Moreover, in addition to significantly altered neurotransmitters, markedly higher levels of LPS while less amount of two short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), namely acetic acid and valeric acid, were detected in the gut of ENR-exposed zebrafish, suggesting a disruption of gut microenvironment upon ENR exposure. Along with corresponding changes detected in gut, significant disruption of neurotransmitters in brain indicated by marked alterations in the contents of neurotransmitters, the activity of acetylcholin esterase (AChE), and the expression of neurotransmitter-related genes were also observed. These findings suggest exposure to environmental antibiotic residues may impair gut health and disrupt neurotransmitters along the microbiota-gut-brain axis in zebrafish. Considering the prevalence of antibiotic residues in environments and the high homology of zebrafish to other vertebrates including human, the risk of antibiotic exposure to the health of wild animals as well as human deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lingzheng Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yihan Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yingying Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xunyi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weifeng Li
- College of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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8
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Yang B, Liu S, Cheng J, Qu H, Guo Y, Ji C, Wang Y, Zhao S, Huang S, Zhao L, Ma Q. Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin in Plasma, Urine, and Feces of Donkey ( Equus asinus) after a Single Intragastric Administration. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:355. [PMID: 38667031 PMCID: PMC11047589 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, but the study of its pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PKs/PDs) in donkeys is rarely reported. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin administered intragastrically, and to study the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in plasma, urine, and feces, and the PK/PD parameters were investigated to provide a rationale for enrofloxacin treatment in donkeys. A total of five healthy donkeys were selected for intragastric administration of 7.5 mg·kg-1 BW of enrofloxacin by gavage, and blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected. The results showed that the elimination half-life of plasma enrofloxacin was 11.40 ± 6.40 h, Tmax was 0.55 ± 0.12 h, Cmax was 2.46 ± 0.14 mg·L-1, AUC0-∞ was 10.30 ± 3.37 mg·L-1·h, and mean residence time (MRT) was 7.88 ± 1.26 h. The Tmax of plasma ciprofloxacin was 0.52 ± 0.08 h, Cmax was 0.14 ± 0.03 mg·L-1, and AUC0-∞ was 0.24 ± 0.16 mg·L-1·h. Urinary Cmax was 38.18 ± 8.56 mg·L-1 for enrofloxacin and 15.94 ± 4.15 mg·L-1 for ciprofloxacin. The total enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin recovered amount in urine was 7.09 ± 2.55% of the dose for 144 h after dosing. The total enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin recovered amount in feces was 25.73 ± 10.34% of the dose for 144 h after dosing. PK/PD parameters were also examined in this study, based on published MICs. In conclusion, 7.5 mg/kg BW of enrofloxacin administered intragastrically to donkeys was rapidly absorbed, widely distributed, and slowly eliminated in their bodies, and was predicted to be effective against bacteria with MICs < 0.25 mg·L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jie Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252201, China; (J.C.); (C.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Honglei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252201, China; (J.C.); (C.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Chuanliang Ji
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252201, China; (J.C.); (C.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yantao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 252201, China; (J.C.); (C.J.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shancang Zhao
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Qiugang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (B.Y.); (S.L.); (H.Q.); (Y.G.); (S.H.); (L.Z.)
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9
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Zheng K, Xiao L. Fe loading 3D micro-meso-porous carbon sphere derived from natural cellulose of sawdust activating peroxymonosulfate for degradation of enrofloxacin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129366. [PMID: 38218278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Fe loading 3D micro-meso-porous carbon sphere (Fe@3C-2N) was derived from natural cellulose of sawdust and melamine through sodium alginate and ferric chloride cross-linking followed by carbonization processes, which served as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators for enrofloxacin (ENR) degradation. The cellulose was produced by the delignification of sawdust with sodium chlorite. The delignification of sawdust and the addition of melamine increased the porosity and electron transport capacity of Fe@3C-2N. When the dosages of Fe@3C-2N and PMS were 0.60 g L-1 and 0.20 g L-1 respectively, the degradation rate of ENR (20 mg L-1) reached 92.17 % within 80 min, suggesting the satisfactory activation performance of PMS. The good structural stability of Fe@3C-2N makes it suitable for use as packing in continuous flow reactors for wastewater treatment. Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) suggested that SO4•- and 1O2 were the dominant reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in Fe@3C-2N/PMS system. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that Fe3C, pyrrolic N and graphitic N were the potential active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewang Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory for Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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10
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Wilm J, Svennesen L, Kirkeby C, Krömker V. Treatment of clinically severe bovine mastitis - a scoping review. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1286461. [PMID: 38313061 PMCID: PMC10834645 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1286461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is a major health problem for bovines and can be categorized as non-severe or severe, based on clinical symptoms. A severe case of clinical mastitis is usually defined by the cow being affected systemically. It is important to consider how to handle severe cases because these cases can be fatal and cause high production losses. However, there are generally few detailed treatment guidelines. By conducting a scoping review on the topic, we aimed to synthesize the information that is available on treatment and outcomes, as reported from clinical trials and observational studies. This was facilitated by following the PRISMA-guidelines with a stepwise systematic screening of scientific literature on the subject, retrieved via Pubmed and Web of Science, using pre-defined selection criteria. The results yielded a total of 14 reports of treatment and outcomes in cases of naturally occurring severe clinical mastitis. Cross-trial comparison was difficult due to the different exclusion criteria and outcome definitions. Many studies focused on cases caused by gram-negative bacteria treated with intensive antibiotic protocols, often containing antibiotics that are categorized as critical for human health. Few focused on severe cases caused by gram-positive bacteria or on the relative use of non-antibiotic treatment. In general, only a small number of statistically significant differences were found in trials comparing different treatment protocols, with no obvious trends across trials. Our findings emphasize the need for more research into the treatment efficacy of antibiotic and non-antibiotic options for clinically severe mastitis. Furthermore, consideration of how trial conditions relate to the practical circumstances in a field setting could improve the applicability of reported results. This could help to provide practitioners with the information needed to make evidence-based treatment decisions in cases of clinically severe mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensine Wilm
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Svennesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Volker Krömker
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Munanura EI, Ntale M, Wasswa J, Kaggwa B. Assessment of Enrofloxacin Usage and Residue Levels of Enrofloxacin-Ciprofloxacin in Breast and Liver Tissues of Commercial Broilers Sold in Kampala-Uganda. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7629-7639. [PMID: 38107436 PMCID: PMC10725638 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s419793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human exposure to veterinary drugs like fluoroquinolones occurs due to the presence of their residues in foods from animal sources in varying concentrations. The existence of antibiotic residues in foodstuffs can pose great public health problems to consumers. This study aimed to assess enrofloxacin use patterns and assess residue levels of enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin in breast muscle and liver tissues of broiler chickens sold for consumption in Kampala capital city. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that involved both field survey and laboratory-based methods. The field study involved the use of qualitative and semi-quantitative data collection tools to interview 34 broiler farmers and 10 veterinary drugs vendors. For the determination of enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin levels, 68 chicken breast and liver tissue samples were collected from main markets in Kampala over one month and analyzed using HPLC-UV. Results Enrofloxacin was the most used antibiotic (100%) for the management of poultry diseases, majorly respiratory diseases (100%), salmonella infections (40%), and disease prevention (60%). Over 76% of the farmers knew the meat withdrawal time (WDT) for enrofloxacin, but none of them adhered to this. Over 70% of the farmers reported that the veterinary drugs vendors were not providing meat WDT information. Enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin residues were identified in 35.3% (12/34) of the muscle and 38.2% (13/34) of the liver tissues analyzed. Of those muscle and liver tissue samples that tested positive, 25% (3/12) and 38.5% (5/13) respectively had drug concentrations higher than the recommended Maximum Residue Limits. The overall mean enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin concentration in the chicken muscle and liver tissues was 83.6 (±34.5) µg/kg and 171.5 (±75.9) µg/kg. Conclusion This observed presence of enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin levels above safety requirements is attributable to inadequate medicines use information provided by veterinary drugs vendors to farmers and also to the non-compliance of some farmers to meat WDT due to the economic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson Ireeta Munanura
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Muhammad Ntale
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John Wasswa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bruhan Kaggwa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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12
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Yadoung S, Shimizu S, Hongsibsong S, Nakano K, Ishimatsu R. Dopamine as a polymerizable reagent for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using horseradish peroxidase. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21722. [PMID: 38027909 PMCID: PMC10654240 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that dopamine can be used as a reagent for colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Dopamine was able to be polymerized in the presence of HRP and H2O2, and black polydopamine was obtained after the enzymatic reaction. Because of the black color, the absorbance was significantly changed in the whole range of the visible light region. Here, an indirect competitive ELISA based on the polymerization of dopamine was performed to detect a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, enrofloxacin. The antibiotic is commonly used in livestock farming. The anti-antibiotics antibody was produced from egg yolk from chicken hens. In the visible range, sufficient absorbance changes of ∼0.4∼0.5 and a low background level for the ELISA response were obtained, and the 50 % inhibitory concentration value at 450 nm was determined to be 26 ppb. The performance of the indirect competitive ELISA based on the polymerization of dopamine was compared to that based on the oxidation of catechol because dopamine has a catechol skeleton. By the complex of HRP and H2O2, catechol can be oxidized to o-benzoquinone having a maximum absorption wavelength of 420 nm. It was shown that the absorbance change in the case of polydopamine was about 2.5 times higher than that of catechol, where the background levels were similar. This confirms that the polymerization of dopamine significantly enhanced the photosignal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumed Yadoung
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand
| | - Shinichi Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Surat Hongsibsong
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand
- School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Environmental, Occupational Health Sciences and Non-Communicable Diseases Center of Excellence, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
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13
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Zhao F, Huo X, Wang P, Liu Q, Yang C, Su J. The Combination of β-Glucan and Astragalus Polysaccharide Effectively Resists Nocardia seriolae Infection in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Microorganisms 2023; 11:2529. [PMID: 37894188 PMCID: PMC10609034 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Effectively treating and preventing outbreaks is crucial for improving the economic benefits of aquaculture. Therefore, utilizing immunostimulants, either alone or in combination, is regarded as a promising strategy. In this study, β-glucan + APS (200 mg/kg + 200 mg/kg), β-glucan (200 mg/kg), APS (200 mg/kg), enrofloxacin (15 mg/kg), and sulfadiazine (15 mg/kg) were added to feed to assess the effects against Nocardia seriolae infection in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) within 14 days. The survival rates did not differ between the enrofloxacin group and the β-glucan + APS group, but both were significantly higher than that of the control group. Additionally, the enrofloxacin group and the β-glucan + APS group exhibited the lowest bacterial loads and tissue damage. Importantly, the β-glucan + APS treatment significantly improved serum enzyme activities (total superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, total protein) and the expression of immune genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgM) compared to the other treatment groups. The enrofloxacin group showed similar efficacy to the β-glucan + APS group in combating N. seriolae infection, but N. seriolae in the enrofloxacin group developed drug resistance. In summary, the combined use of β-glucan and APS is a promising strategy for treating bacterial diseases, thereby contributing to the promotion of sustainable aquaculture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.Z.); (X.H.); (P.W.); (Q.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xingchen Huo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.Z.); (X.H.); (P.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Pengxu Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.Z.); (X.H.); (P.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qian Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.Z.); (X.H.); (P.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Chunrong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Jianguo Su
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (F.Z.); (X.H.); (P.W.); (Q.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
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14
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Bluemlein K, Nowak N, Ellinghusen B, Gerling S, Badorrek P, Hansen T, Hohlfeld JM, Paul R, Schuchardt S. Occupational exposure to veterinary antibiotics: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in humans after dermal, inhalation and oral uptake - A clinical study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104139. [PMID: 37142072 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to veterinary antibiotics in hen houses at poultry feeding farms was demonstrated by biomonitoring campaigns in the past. The objective of this study was to investigate pharmacokinetics of three uptake routes: dermal, oral and inhaled. In an open-label cross-over study, six healthy volunteers were exposed to single occupational relevant doses of enrofloxacin. Plasma and urine samples were analysed for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling based on bioanalysis data showed underestimation for the elimination rate in comparison to experimental data pointing towards a lack of sufficient ADME information and limitations of available physico-chemical properties of the parent drug. The data obtained in this study indicate that oral uptake with its various sources, e.g. airborne enrofloxacin, direct hand-mouth contact, is the major source for occupational exposure to enrofloxacin in hen houses. Dermal exposure was considered negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bluemlein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Norman Nowak
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Birthe Ellinghusen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Gerling
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Badorrek
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Hansen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens M Hohlfeld
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; German Centre of Lung Research (DZL-BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Paul
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin Gruppe 4.2 - Medizinischer Arbeitsschutz, Biomonitoring, Nöldnerstraße 40/42, 10317 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Schuchardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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15
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Lu Y, Guan T, Wang S, Zhou C, Wang M, Wang X, Zhang K, Han X, Lin J, Tang Q, Wang C, Zhou W. Novel xanthone antibacterials: Semi-synthesis, biological evaluation, and the action mechanisms. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 83:117232. [PMID: 36940608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
α-Mangostin (α-MG) has demonstrated to display potent activities against Gram-positive bacterial. However, the contribution of phenolic hydroxyl groups of α-MG to the antibacterial activity remains obscure, severely hampering selection of structure modification to develop more potential α-MG-based anti-bacterial derivatives. Herein, twenty-one α-MG derivatives are designed, synthesized and evaluated for the antibacterial activities. The structure activity relationships (SARs) reveal that the contribution of the phenolic groups ranks as C3 > C6 > C1, and the phenolic hydroxyl group at C3 is essential to the antibacterial activity. Of note, compared to the parent compound α-MG, 10a with one acetyl at C1 exhibits the higher safety profiles due to its higher selectivity and no hemolysis, and the more potent antibacterial efficacy in an animal skin abscess model. Our evidences further present that, in comparison with α-MG, 10a has a stronger ability in depolarizing membrane potentials and leads to more leakage of bacterial proteins, consistent with the results observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Transcriptomics analysis demonstrates those observations possibly relate to disturbed synthesis of proteins participating in the biological process of membrane permeability and integrity. Collectively, our findings provide a valuable insight for developing α-MG-based antibacterial agents with little hemolysis and new action mechanism via structural modifications at C1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, E. 232, University town, Waihuan Rd, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaobing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Meizhu Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Keyu Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinchao Lin
- Metabo-Profile Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 201315 Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Tang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Wen Zhou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 200241 Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
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16
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Gong Z, Xie J, Liu J, Liu T, Chen J, Li J, Gan J. Oxidation towards enrofloxacin degradation over nanoscale zero-valent copper: mechanism and products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:38700-38712. [PMID: 36585582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a widely used veterinary fluoroquinolone antibiotic and is frequently detected in water environments. The degradation of ENR was examined utilizing molecular oxygen mediation using nanometer zero-valent copper (nZVC) as the catalyst in this work. The dosage of nZVC, initial pH, and reaction temperature were investigated as contributing factors to ENR degradation. The effects of Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, and humic acid on the degradation of ENR were investigated. The actual effects were evaluated using natural water. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that participated in the reaction were identified, their generation mechanisms were elucidated, and the effects on ENR degradation were assessed. More emphasis was given to exploring ENR degradation and transformation pathways via analyses of HPLC-TOF-MS. Data showed that at 35 ℃, with an initial pH of 3 and exposed to air, an nZVC dose of 0.5 g·L-1 degraded ENR by 99.51% dramatically. HO• radicals were identified as the dominant ROS, and conversions among Cu0, Cu+, and Cu2+ played crucial roles in the generation of ROS. The destruction mechanism of ENR was speculated based on analyses of HPLC-TOF-MS results as the transformation of the piperazine ring into an oxidized state with a -COOH substitution with HO•, which caused ENR to be mineralized and converted into CO2, H2O, and [Formula: see text]. The ECOSAR program has been used to evaluate the toxicity of ENR and its degradation products, and oxidative degradation of nZVC significantly reduced its toxicity and increased its biodegradability. This research proposes a capable and practical method for removing ENR from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Gong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, People's Republic of China
| | - Junpu Xie
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Jianwu Chen
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Jinping Li
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhua Gan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China.
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17
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Zhang X, Tang X, Yu J, Ye H, Zhao L. A novel carbon dots synthesized based on easily accessible biological matrix for the detection of enrofloxacin residues. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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18
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Tian D, Shi W, Yu Y, Zhou W, Tang Y, Zhang W, Huang L, Han Y, Liu G. Enrofloxacin exposure induces anxiety-like behavioral responses in zebrafish by affecting the microbiota-gut-brain axis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160094. [PMID: 36372168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of antibiotic residues in aqueous environments poses a great potential threat to aquatic organisms. Nevertheless, the behavioral effects of environmentally realistic levels of antibiotics remain poorly understood in fish species. In this study, the behavioral impacts of enrofloxacin, one of typical fluoroquinolone antibiotics that is frequently detected in aquatic environments, were evaluated by the classic light-dark test (LDT) and novel tank task (NTT) in zebrafish. Furthermore, the effects of enrofloxacin exposure on the microbiota-gut-brain axis were also assessed to reveal potential affecting mechanisms underlying the behavioral abnormality observed. Our results demonstrated that zebrafish exposed to 60 μg/L enrofloxacin for 28 days took significantly longer to enter the stressful area of the testing tank and spent significantly less time there in both the LDT and NTT, indicating abnormal anxiety-like behaviors induced by the exposure. In addition, exposure to enrofloxacin at 6 and 60 μg/L resulted in a significant elevation in Bacteroidetes and a marked decline in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio of the gut microbiota. Moreover, the intestinal contents of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in zebrafish were significantly upregulated, whereas those of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (COR) were markedly downregulated upon enrofloxacin exposure. Incubation of zebrafish with a high dose of enrofloxacin (60 μg/L) also resulted in evident increases in the contents of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the brain. Fortunately, no significant alteration in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was detected in the brain after enrofloxacin exposure. Our findings suggest that the disruption of the microbiota-gut-brain axis may account for enrofloxacin-induced anxiety-like behaviors in zebrafish. Since the disruption of microbiota-gut-brain axis may give rise to various clinical symptoms, the health risk of antibiotic exposure deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yihan Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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19
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Ibrahim DR, Dodd CER, Stekel DJ, Meshioye RT, Diggle M, Lister M, Hobman JL. Multidrug-Resistant ESBL-Producing E. coli in Clinical Samples from the UK. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010169. [PMID: 36671370 PMCID: PMC9854697 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cephalosporin therapy failure is a serious problem for infection control. One causative agent of cephalosporin-resistant infections is multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and/or plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) β-lactamases. We evaluated the occurrence of ESBL/pAmpC genetic determinants in phenotypically MDR E. coli isolated from clinical samples of blood, faeces, ear effusion, urine and sputum from a UK hospital. Phenotypic resistance profiling for 18 antibiotics (from seven classes) showed that 32/35 isolates were MDR, with resistance to 4-16 of the tested antibiotics. Of the isolates, 97.1% showed resistance to ampicillin, 71.4% showed resistance to co-amoxiclav, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ceftiofur, and 68.5% showed resistance to cefquinome. blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaOXA-1 genes were detected in 23, 13 and 12 strains, respectively, and Intl1 was detected in 17 isolates. The most common subtypes among the definite sequence types were CTX-M-15 (40%) and TEM-1 (75%). No E. coli isolates carried pAmpC genes. Significant correlations were seen between CTX-M carriage and cefotaxime, ceftiofur, aztreonam, ceftazidime and cefquinome resistance; between blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaOXA-1 carriage and ciprofloxacin resistance; and between Intl1 carriage and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance. Thus, MDR phenotypes may be conferred by a relatively small number of genes. The level and pattern of antibiotic resistance highlight the need for better antibiotic therapy guidelines, including reduced use and improved surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delveen R. Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, School of Science, The University of Duhok, Duhok 42001, Iraq
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
- Correspondence: (D.R.I.); (J.L.H.); Tel.: +44-115-951-6166 (J.L.H.); Fax: +44-115-951-6162 (J.L.H.)
| | - Christine E. R. Dodd
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Dov J. Stekel
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, Rossmore 2029, South Africa
| | - Remilekun T. Meshioye
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
- Fidson Healthcare Plc, 268 Ikorodu-Ososun Rd, Obanikoro, Lagos 100232, Nigeria
| | - Mathew Diggle
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Michelle Lister
- Department of Microbiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jon L. Hobman
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
- Correspondence: (D.R.I.); (J.L.H.); Tel.: +44-115-951-6166 (J.L.H.); Fax: +44-115-951-6162 (J.L.H.)
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Giannoulia S, Triantaphyllidou IE, Tekerlekopoulou AG, Aggelopoulos CA. Mechanisms of Individual and Simultaneous Adsorption of Antibiotics and Dyes onto Halloysite Nanoclay and Regeneration of Saturated Adsorbent via Cold Plasma Bubbling. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13020341. [PMID: 36678094 PMCID: PMC9862438 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Halloysite nanoclay (HNC) was examined as an adsorbent for the individual and simultaneous removal of antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENRO) and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions, alongside its regeneration via cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) bubbling. Initially, batch kinetics and isotherm studies were carried out, while the effect of several parameters was evaluated. Both ENRO and MB adsorption onto HNC was better described by Langmuir model, with its maximum adsorption capacity being 34.80 and 27.66 mg/g, respectively. A Pseudo-second order model fitted the experimental data satisfactorily, suggesting chemisorption (through electrostatic interactions) as the prevailing adsorption mechanism, whereas adsorption was also controlled by film diffusion. In the binary system, the presence of MB seemed to act antagonistically to the adsorption of ENRO. The saturated adsorbent was regenerated inside a CAP microbubble reactor and its adsorption capacity was re-tested by applying new adsorption cycles. CAP bubbling was able to efficiently regenerate saturated HNC with low energy requirements (16.67 Wh/g-adsorbent) in contrast to Fenton oxidation. Most importantly, the enhanced adsorption capacity of the CAP-regenerated HNC (compared to raw HNC), when applied in new adsorption cycles, indicated its activation during the regeneration process. The present study provides a green, sustainable and highly effective alternative for water remediation where pharmaceutical and dyes co-exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Giannoulia
- Laboratory of Cold Plasma and Advanced Techniques for Improving Environmental Systems, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 G. Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Irene-Eva Triantaphyllidou
- Laboratory of Cold Plasma and Advanced Techniques for Improving Environmental Systems, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | | | - Christos A. Aggelopoulos
- Laboratory of Cold Plasma and Advanced Techniques for Improving Environmental Systems, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
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21
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Phage Therapy vs. the Use of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Salmonella-Infected Chickens: Comparison of Effects on Hematological Parameters and Selected Biochemical Markers. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121787. [PMID: 36551444 PMCID: PMC9774583 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that the use of a phage cocktail, composed of bacteriophages vB_SenM-2 and vB_Sen-TO17, is effective in killing cells of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis in vitro and in the Galleria mellonella animal model as efficiently as antibiotics (enrofloxacin or colistin) and induced fewer deleterious changes in immune responses. Here, we investigated the effects of this phage cocktail on the hematological parameters and selected biochemical markers in chickens infected with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, in comparison to those caused by enrofloxacin or colistin. We found that treatment with antibiotics (especially with enrofloxacin) caused nonbeneficial effects on red blood cell parameters, including hematocrit, MCV, MCH, and MCHC. However, Salmonella-induced changes in the aforementioned parameters were normalized by the use of the phage cocktail. Importantly, hepatotoxicity was suggested to be induced by both antibiotics on the basis of increased alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, in contrast to the phage cocktail, which did not influence these enzymes. We conclude that phage therapy with the cocktail of vB_SenM-2 and vB_Sen-TO17 in Salmonella-infected chickens is not only as effective as antibiotics but also significantly safer for the birds than enrofloxacin and colistin.
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22
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Alhammadi M, Yoo J, Sonwal S, Park SY, Umapathi R, Oh MH, Huh YS. A highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid and on-site detection of enrofloxacin in milk. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1036826. [PMID: 36352902 PMCID: PMC9637957 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1036826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a veterinary antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in livestock. It chiefly persists in foods and dairy products, which in turn pose severe risks to human health. Hence it is very important to detect the ENR in foods and dairy products to safeguard human health. Herein, we attempted to develop a single-step detection lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the rapid and on-site detection of ENR in milk samples. An anti-enrofloxacin monoclonal antibody (ENR-Ab) was conjugated with AuNPs for the specific detection of ENR in milk samples. For sensitivity improvement, many optimization steps were conducted on LFIA test strips. The visual limit of detection (vLOD) was found to be 20 ng/ml with a cut-off value of 50 ng/ml in the milk samples. The obtained LOD and cut-off value were within the safety limit guidelines of the Ministry of food and drug safety, South Korea. The test strip showed negligible cross-reactivity with ENR analogs, and other components of antibiotics, this indicates the high specificity of the LFIA test strip towards ENR. The designed test strip showed good reliability. The visual test results can be seen within 10 min without the need for special equipment. Therefore, the test strip can be employed as a potential detection strategy for the qualitative on-site detection of enrofloxacin in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munirah Alhammadi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jingon Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Reddicherla Umapathi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Reddicherla Umapathi,
| | - Mi-Hwa Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
- Mi-Hwa Oh,
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- Yun Suk Huh,
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Grabowski Ł, Węgrzyn G, Węgrzyn A, Podlacha M. Highly different effects of phage therapy and antibiotic therapy on immunological responses of chickens infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956833. [PMID: 36211337 PMCID: PMC9539762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of bacteria resistant to most or even all known antibiotics has become a serious medical problem. One such promising and effective alternative form of therapy may be the use of phages, the administration of which is considered to be safe and highly effective, especially in animals with drug-resistant infections. Although there have been no reports to date suggesting that bacteriophages can cause any severe complications or adverse effects, we still know little about their interactions with animal organisms, especially in the context of the functioning of the immune system. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the impact of the application of selected bacteriophages and antibiotics (enrofloxacin and colistin), commonly used in veterinary medicine, on immune functions in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-infected chickens. The birds were infected with S. Typhimurium and then treated with a phage cocktail (14 days), enrofloxacin (5 days), or colistin (5 days). The concentrations of a panel of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-8, and IL-12) and cytokines that reveal anti-inflammatory effects (IL-10 and IL-4), the percentage of lymphocytes, and the level of stress hormones (corticosterone and cortisol), which significantly modulate the immune responses, were determined in different variants of the experiment. The phage cocktail revealed anti-inflammatory effects when administered either 1 day after infection or 2 days after S. Typhimurium detection in feces, as measured by inhibition of the increase in levels of inflammatory response markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-8, and IL-12). This was also confirmed by increased levels of cytokines that exert an anti-inflammatory action (IL-10 and IL-4) following phage therapy. Moreover, phages did not cause a negative effect on the number and activity of lymphocytes’ subpopulations crucial for normal immune system function. These results indicate for the first time that phage therapy not only is effective but also can be used in veterinary medicine without disturbing immune homeostasis, expressed as cytokine imbalance, disturbed percentage of key immune cell subpopulations, and stress axis hyperactivity, which were observed in our experiments as adverse effects accompanying the antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Grabowski
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Magdalena Podlacha,
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Kosznik-Kwaśnicka K, Podlacha M, Grabowski Ł, Stasiłojć M, Nowak-Zaleska A, Ciemińska K, Cyske Z, Dydecka A, Gaffke L, Mantej J, Myślińska D, Necel A, Pierzynowska K, Piotrowska E, Radzanowska-Alenowicz E, Rintz E, Sitko K, Topka-Bielecka G, Węgrzyn G, Węgrzyn A. Biological aspects of phage therapy versus antibiotics against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection of chickens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:941867. [PMID: 35992162 PMCID: PMC9385949 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.941867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage therapy is a promising alternative treatment of bacterial infections in human and animals. Nevertheless, despite the appearance of many bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics, these drugs still remain important therapeutics used in human and veterinary medicine. Although experimental phage therapy of infections caused by Salmonella enterica was described previously by many groups, those studies focused solely on effects caused by bacteriophages. Here, we compared the use of phage therapy (employing a cocktail composed of two previously isolated and characterized bacteriophages, vB_SenM-2 and vB_Sen-TO17) and antibiotics (enrofloxacin and colistin) in chickens infected experimentally with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. We found that the efficacies of both types of therapies (i.e. the use of antibiotics and phage cocktail) were high and very similar to one another when the treatment was applied shortly (one day) after the infection. Under these conditions, S. Typhimurium was quickly eliminated from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), to the amount not detectable by the used methods. However, later treatment (2 or 4 days after detection of S. Typhimurium in chicken feces) with the phage cocktail was significantly less effective. Bacteriophages remained in the GIT for up to 2-3 weeks, and then were absent in feces and cloaca swabs. Interestingly, both phages could be found in various organs of chickens though with a relatively low abundance. No development of resistance of S. Typhimurium to phages or antibiotics was detected during the experiment. Importantly, although antibiotics significantly changed the GIT microbiome of chickens in a long-term manner, analogous changes caused by phages were transient, and the microbiome normalized a few weeks after the treatment. In conclusion, phage therapy against S. Typhimurium infection in chickens appeared as effective as antibiotic therapy (with either enrofloxacin or colistin), and less invasive than the use the antibiotics as fewer changes in the microbiome were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kosznik-Kwaśnicka
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Grabowski
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stasiłojć
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Nowak-Zaleska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Institute of Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karolina Ciemińska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Cyske
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Dydecka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jagoda Mantej
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Myślińska
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Necel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Piotrowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Gracja Topka-Bielecka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdansk, Poland
- *Correspondence: Alicja Węgrzyn,
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Antibacterial Activity and Drug Release of Ciprofloxacin Loaded PVA-nHAp Nanocomposite Coating on Ti-6Al-4 V. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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