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Iori S, Lahtela-Kakkonen M, D'Onofrio C, Maietti F, Mucignat G, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A, Pauletto M, Dacasto M, Giantin M. New insights into aflatoxin B1 mechanistic toxicology in cattle liver: an integrated approach using molecular docking and biological evaluation in CYP1A1 and CYP3A74 knockout BFH12 cell lines. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03799-y. [PMID: 38834875 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a pro-carcinogenic compound bioactivated in the liver by cytochromes P450 (CYPs). In mammals, CYP1A and CYP3A are responsible for AFB1 metabolism, with the formation of the genotoxic carcinogens AFB1-8,9-epoxide and AFM1, and the detoxified metabolite AFQ1. Due to climate change, AFB1 cereals contamination arose in Europe. Thus, cattle, as other farm animals fed with grains (pig, sheep and broiler), are more likely exposed to AFB1 via feed with consequent release of AFM1 in milk, posing a great concern to human health. However, knowledge about bovine CYPs involved in AFB1 metabolism is still scanty. Therefore, CYP1A1- and CYP3A74-mediated molecular mechanisms of AFB1 hepatotoxicity were here dissected. Molecular docking of AFB1 into CYP1A1 model suggested AFB1 8,9-endo- and 8,9-exo-epoxide, and AFM1 formation, while docking of AFB1 into CYP3A74 pointed to AFB1 8,9-exo-epoxide and AFQ1 synthesis. To biologically confirm these predictions, CYP1A1 and CYP3A74 knockout (KO) BFH12 cell lines were exposed to AFB1. LC-MS/MS investigations showed the abolished production of AFM1 in CYP1A1 KO cells and the strong increase of parent AFB1 in CYP3A74 KO cells; the latter result, coupled to a decreased cytotoxicity, suggested the major role of CYP3A74 in AFB1 8,9-exo-epoxide formation. Finally, RNA-sequencing analysis indirectly proved lower AFB1-induced cytotoxic effects in engineered cells versus naïve ones. Overall, this study broadens the knowledge on AFB1 metabolism and hepatotoxicity in cattle, and it provides the weight of evidence that CYP1A1 and CYP3A74 inhibition might be exploited to reduce AFM1 and AFBO synthesis, AFB1 toxicity, and AFM1 milk excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Iori
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Maija Lahtela-Kakkonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonrinne 3, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Caterina D'Onofrio
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Maietti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Greta Mucignat
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Anisa Bardhi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, 35020, Padua, Italy.
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Dupuy J, Cogo E, Fouché E, Guéraud F, Pierre F, Plaisancié P. Epithelial-mesenchymal interaction protects normal colonocytes from 4-HNE-induced phenotypic transformation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302932. [PMID: 38669265 PMCID: PMC11051638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown that epithelial-stromal interactions could play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. Here, we investigated the role of fibroblasts in the transformation of normal colonocytes induced by 4-HNE. METHODS Normal Co colonocytes and nF fibroblasts from the same mouse colon were exposed, in monoculture (m) or coculture (c), to 4-HNE (5 μM) twice weekly for 3 weeks. Gene expression was then analysed and the ability of Co colonocytes to grow in anchorage-independent conditions was tested in soft agar. Fibroblasts previously treated or not with 4-HNE were also seeded in culture inserts positioned above the agar layers to allow paracrine exchanges with colonocytes. RESULTS First, 60% of the genes studied were modulated by coculture in Co colonocytes, with notably increased expression of BMP receptors. Furthermore, while 4-HNE increased the ability of monoculture-treated Co colonocytes to form colonies, this effect was not observed in coculture-treated Co colonocytes. Adding a selective BMPR1 inhibitor during the treatment phase abolished the protective effect of coculture. Conversely, addition of a BMP4 agonist to the medium of monoculture-treated Co colonocytes prevented phenotypic transformation by 4-HNE. Second, the presence of nF(m)-HNE fibroblasts during the soft agar assay increased the number and size of Co(m) colonocyte colonies, regardless of whether these cells had been previously treated with 4-HNE in monoculture. For soft agar assays performed with nF(c) and Co(c) cells initially treated in coculture, only the reassociation between Co(c)-HNE and nF(c)-HNE resulted in a small increase in the number of colonies. CONCLUSIONS During the exposure phase, the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction protected colonocytes from 4-HNE-induced phenotypic transformation via activation of the BMP pathway. This intercellular dialogue also limited the ability of fibroblasts to subsequently promote colonocyte-anchorage-independent growth. In contrast, fibroblasts pre-exposed to 4-HNE in monoculture strongly increased the ability of Co(m) colonocytes to form colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Dupuy
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emma Cogo
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Edwin Fouché
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Guéraud
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabrice Pierre
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Plaisancié
- Toxalim UMR1331 (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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White-Gilbertson S, Lu P, Saatci O, Sahin O, Delaney JR, Ogretmen B, Voelkel-Johnson C. Transcriptome analysis of polyploid giant cancer cells and their progeny reveals a functional role for p21 in polyploidization and depolyploidization. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107136. [PMID: 38447798 PMCID: PMC10979113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) are frequently detected in tumors and are increasingly recognized for their roles in chromosomal instability and associated genome evolution that leads to cancer recurrence. We previously reported that therapy stress promotes polyploidy, and that acid ceramidase plays a role in depolyploidization. In this study, we used an RNA-seq approach to gain a better understanding of the underlying transcriptomic changes that occur as cancer cells progress through polyploidization and depolyploidization. Our results revealed gene signatures that are associated with disease-free and/or overall survival in several cancers and identified the cell cycle inhibitor CDKN1A/p21 as the major hub in PGCC and early progeny. Increased expression of p21 in PGCC was limited to the cytoplasm. We previously demonstrated that the sphingolipid enzyme acid ceramidase is dispensable for polyploidization upon therapy stress but plays a crucial role in depolyploidization. The current study demonstrates that treatment of cells with ceramide is not sufficient for p53-independent induction of p21 and that knockdown of acid ceramidase, which hydrolyzes ceramide, does not interfere with upregulation of p21. In contrast, blocking the expression of p21 with UC2288 prevented the induction of acid ceramidase and inhibited both the formation of PGCC from parental cells as well as the generation of progeny from PGCC. Taken together, our data suggest that p21 functions upstream of acid ceramidase and plays an important role in polyploidization and depolyploidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai White-Gilbertson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ozge Saatci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Joe R Delaney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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Manji J, Pipella J, Brawerman G, Thompson PJ. Exploring Transcriptional Regulation of Beta Cell SASP by Brd4-Associated Proteins and Cell Cycle Control Protein p21. EPIGENOMES 2024; 8:10. [PMID: 38534794 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes8010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disease resulting from progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Although the majority of beta cells are lost in T1D, a small subset undergoes senescence, a stress response involving growth arrest, DNA damage response, and activation of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP in beta cells of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D and primary human islets is regulated at the level of transcription by bromodomain extra-terminal (BET) proteins, but the mechanisms remain unclear. To explore how SASP is transcriptionally regulated in beta cells, we used the NOD beta cell line NIT-1 to model beta cell SASP and identified binding partners of BET protein Brd4 and explored the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Brd4 interacted with a variety of proteins in senescent NIT-1 cells including subunits of the Ino80 chromatin remodeling complex, which was expressed in beta cells during T1D progression in NOD mice and in human beta cells of control, autoantibody-positive, and T1D donors as determined from single-cell RNA-seq data. RNAi knockdown of p21 during senescence in NIT-1 cells did not significantly impact viability or SASP. Taken together, these results suggest that Brd4 interacts with several protein partners during senescence in NIT-1 cells, some of which may play roles in SASP gene activation and that p21 is dispensable for the SASP in this beta cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Manji
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Jasmine Pipella
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Gabriel Brawerman
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Peter J Thompson
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
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Zheng Z, Shang X, Sun K, Hou Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Liu H, Ruan Z, Hou L, Guo Z, Wang G, Xu F, Guo F. P21 resists ferroptosis in osteoarthritic chondrocytes by regulating GPX4 protein stability. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:336-348. [PMID: 38176476 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) while suppression of chondrocyte ferroptosis has a beneficial effect on OA. However, the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in OA remains to be elucidated. P21, an indicator of aging, has been reported to inhibit ferroptosis, but the relationship between P21 and ferroptosis in OA remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression and function of P21 in OA chondrocytes, and the involvement of P21 in the regulation of ferroptosis in chondrocytes. First, we demonstrated that high P21 expression was observed in the cartilage from OA patients and destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) mice, and in osteoarthritic chondrocytes induced by IL-1β, FAC and erastin. P21 knockdown exacerbated the reduction of Col2a1 and promoted the upregulation of MMP13 in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Meanwhile, P21 knockdown exacerbated cartilage degradation in DMM-induced OA mouse models and decreased GPX4 expression in vivo. Furthermore, P21 knockdown sensitized chondrocytes to ferroptosis induced by erastin, which was closely associated with the accumulation of lipid peroxides. In mechanism, we demonstrated that P21 regulated the stability of GPX4 protein, and the regulation was independent of NRF2. Meanwhile, we found that P21 significantly affected the recruitment of GPX4 to linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) and regulated the level of M1-linked ubiquitination of GPX4. Overall, our results suggest that P21 plays an essential anti-ferroptosis role in OA by regulating the stability of GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingru Shang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingting Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haigang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoxuan Ruan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcai Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhou Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Genchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Libalova H, Zavodna T, Margaryan H, Elzeinova F, Milcova A, Vrbova K, Barosova H, Cervena T, Topinka J, Rössner P. Differential DNA damage response and cell fate in human lung cells after exposure to genotoxic compounds. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 94:105710. [PMID: 37838151 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage can impair normal cellular functions and result in various pathophysiological processes including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. We compared the genotoxic potential of diverse DNA damaging agents, and focused on their effects on the DNA damage response (DDR) and cell fate in human lung cells BEAS-2B. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs; benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP)] induced DNA strand breaks and oxidative damage to DNA; anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) were less effective. DOX triggered the most robust p53 signaling indicating activation of DDR, followed by cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, induction of apoptosis and senescence, possibly due to the severe and irreparable DNA lesions. BrdU not only activated p53, but also increased the percentage of G1-phased cells and caused a massive accumulation of senescent cells. In contrast, regardless the activation of p53, both PAHs did not substantially affect the cell cycle distribution or senescence. Finally, a small fraction of cells accumulated only in the G2/M phase and exhibited increased cell death after the prolonged incubation with B[a]P. Overall, we characterized differential responses to diverse DNA damaging agents resulting in specific cell fate and highlighted the key role of DNA lesion type and the p53 signaling persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Libalova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Zavodna
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Margaryan
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Elzeinova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Milcova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Vrbova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Barosova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Cervena
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Rössner
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Wang X, Yan C, Wang C, Xu X, Liu Z, Wang X, Gong J. Protective effect of Cornuside on OGD/R injury in SH-SY5Y cells and its underlying mechanism. Brain Res 2023; 1821:148585. [PMID: 37722469 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury is the main cause of neuronal damage. Cornuside, a small-molecule cyclic enol ether terpene glycoside extracted from the dried fruit of mature Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., has vigorous anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects. Previous studies have shown that Cornuside can reduce apoptosis and improve mitochondrial energy metabolism in cortical neurons of rats by inhibiting caspase-3 and calcium release. In this study, we treated SH-SY5Y cells with OGD/R to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, differentially expressed genes were analyzed in the OGD/R group versus the OGD/R + Cornuside (10 μmol/L) group to explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of Cornuside. The differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in apoptosis signaling pathway, cell cycle, DNA damage and repair, and p38/JNK MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. The results showed that OGD/R significantly reduced the survival of SH-SY5Y cells, induced apoptosis, disrupted the nucleus, promoted the release of ROS, and led to cell cycle arrest. Cornuside reversed OGD/R-induced damage. By upregulating MAPK8IP1 and downregulating MAPK14, TP53INP1, and signaling pathway-related proteins (p-p38, p-JNK, and p-p53), Cornuside ameliorated cell damage induced by p38/JNK MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. Cornuside also downregulated apoptosis regulatory proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9, and cytochrome c) and cell cycle regulatory proteins (cyclin B1, cyclin E, and p21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying 257097, PR China.
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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Manousakis E, Miralles CM, Esquerda MG, Wright RHG. CDKN1A/p21 in Breast Cancer: Part of the Problem, or Part of the Solution? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17488. [PMID: 38139316 PMCID: PMC10743848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (Cip1/Waf1/CDKN1A/p21) is a well-established protein, primarily recognised for its pivotal role in the cell cycle, where it induces cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Over the years, extensive research has shed light on various additional mechanisms involving CDKN1A/p21, implicating it in processes such as apoptosis, DNA damage response (DDR), and the regulation of stem cell fate. Interestingly, p21 can function either as an oncogene or as a tumour suppressor in these contexts. Complicating matters further, the expression of CDKN1A/p21 is elevated in certain tumour types while downregulated in others. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted functions of CDKN1A/p21, present clinical data pertaining to cancer patients, and delve into potential strategies for targeting CDKN1A/p21 as a therapeutic approach to cancer. Manipulating CDKN1A/p21 shows great promise for therapy given its involvement in multiple cancer hallmarks, such as sustained cell proliferation, the renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and resistance to chemotherapy. Given the dual role of CDKN1A/p21 in these processes, a more in-depth understanding of its specific mechanisms of action and its regulatory network is imperative to establishing successful therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roni H. G. Wright
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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Chiang YC, Leu WJ, Chen YC, Ye PC, Hsu YT, Hsiao YC, Hsu JL, Chan SH, Hsu LC, Huang HS, Guh JH. Mechanistic study of dual-function inhibitors targeting topoisomerase II and Rad51-mediated DNA repair pathway against castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2023; 83:1549-1563. [PMID: 37583103 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is refractory to hormone treatment and the therapeutic options are continuously advancing. This study aims to discover the anti-CRPC effects and underlying mechanisms of small-molecule compounds targeting topoisomerase (TOP) II and cellular components of DNA damage repair. METHODS Cell proliferation was determined in CRPC PC-3 and DU-145 cells using anchorage-dependent colony formation, sulforhodamine B assay and flow cytometric analysis of CFSE staining. Flow cytometric analyses of propidium iodide staining and JC-1 staining were used to examine the population of cell-cycle phases and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. Nuclear extraction was performed to detect the nuclear localization of cellular components in DNA repair pathways. Protein expressions were determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS A series of azathioxanthone-based derivatives were synthesized and examined for bioactivities in which WC-A13, WC-A14, WC-A15, and WC-A16 displayed potent anti-CRPC activities in both PC-3 and DU-145 cell models. These WC-A compounds selectively downregulated both TOP IIα and TOP IIβ but not TOP I protein expression. WC-A13, WC-A14, and WC-A15 were more potent than WC-A16 on TOP II inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction, and induction of caspase cascades indicating the key role of amine-containing side chain of the compounds in determining anti-CRPC activities. Furthermore, WC-A compounds induced an increase of γH2AX and activated ATR-Chk1 and ATM-Chk2 signaling pathways. P21 protein expression was also upregulated by WC-A compounds in which WC-A16 showed the least activity. Notably, WC-A compounds exhibited different regulation on Rad51, a major protein in homologous recombination of DNA in double-stranded break repair. WC-A13, WC-A14, and WC-A15 inhibited, whereas WC-A16 induced, the nuclear translocation of Rad51. CONCLUSION The data suggest that WC-A compounds exhibit anti-CRPC effects through the inhibition of TOP II activities, leading to mitochondrial stress-involved caspase activation and apoptosis. Moreover, WC-A13, WC-A14, and WC-A15 but not WC-A16 display inhibitory activities of Rad51-mediated DNA repair pathway which may increase apoptotic effect of CRPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chang Chiang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wohn-Jenn Leu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Ye
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tung Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsiao
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Shan Huang
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Miller KN, Li B, Pierce-Hoffman HR, Lei X, Havas AP, Patel S, Macip CC, Victorelli SG, Woo SH, Lagnado AB, Liu T, Dasgupta N, Lyu J, Altman Y, Porritt RA, Garcia G, Mogler C, Dou Z, Chen C, Passos JF, Adams PD. A mitochondria-regulated p53-CCF circuit integrates genome integrity with inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.20.567963. [PMID: 38045344 PMCID: PMC10690201 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.567963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability and inflammation are distinct hallmarks of aging, but the connection between them is poorly understood. Understanding their interrelationship will help unravel new mechanisms and therapeutic targets of aging and age-associated diseases. Here we report a novel mechanism directly linking genomic instability and inflammation in senescent cells, through a mitochondria-regulated molecular circuit that connects the p53 tumor suppressor and cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCF), a driver of inflammation through the cGAS-STING pathway. Activation or inactivation of p53 by genetic and pharmacologic approaches showed that p53 suppresses CCF accumulation and the downstream inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), independent of its effects on cell cycle arrest. p53 activation suppressed CCF formation by promoting DNA repair, reflected in maintenance of genomic integrity, particularly in subtelomeric regions, as shown by single cell genome resequencing. Activation of p53 by pharmacological inhibition of MDM2 in old mice decreased features of SASP in liver, indicating a senomorphic role in vivo . Remarkably, mitochondria in senescent cells suppressed p53 activity by promoting CCF formation and thereby restricting ATM-dependent nuclear DNA damage signaling. These data provide evidence for a mitochondria-regulated p53-CCF circuit in senescent cells that controls DNA repair, genome integrity and inflammatory SASP, and is a potential target for senomorphic healthy aging interventions.
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11
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Gautam P, Gupta S, Sachan M. Genome-wide expression profiling reveals novel biomarkers in epithelial ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154840. [PMID: 37844484 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most aggressive and frequent malignancy detected among women worldwide. The pathophysiology of OC should, therefore be better understood to identify diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive novel biomarkers necessary for early detection, management, and prognostication. In this study, we aimed to investigate transcriptomic landscape and biomarker through RNA-seq data analysis. Further analysis by Protein Protein network identified top 10 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the significant enrichment of DEGs in basal cell carcinoma, cell cycle and FoxO signalling pathway. The RNA-seq results of 10 DEGs were validated by QRT-PCR and TCGA database. Correlation studies were also performed between gene expression and clinical characteristics followed by survival analysis. Finally, 8 DEGs (CDKN1A, BCL6, CDC45, WNT2, TLR5, AQP5) including two novel DEGs (CSN1S1 and NKILA) were identified showing significant correlations with EOC characteristics. These may serve as interesting biomarkers and novel treatment targets and warrant further investigation into the functional outcome of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gautam
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Manisha Sachan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, India.
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12
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Ghafoor N, Yildiz A. Targeting MDM2-p53 Axis through Drug Repurposing for Cancer Therapy: A Multidisciplinary Approach. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:34583-34596. [PMID: 37779953 PMCID: PMC10536845 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and while current therapies, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and cell therapy, have been effective in many patients, the development of novel therapeutic options remains an urgent priority. Mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) is a key regulator of the tumor suppressor protein p53, which plays a critical role in regulating cellular growth, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Consequently, MDM2 has been the subject of extensive research aimed at developing novel cancer therapies. In this study, we employed a machine learning-based approach to establish a quantitative structure-activity relationship model capable of predicting the potential in vitro efficacy of small molecules as MDM2 inhibitors. Our model was used to screen 5883 FDA-approved drugs, resulting in the identification of promising hits that were subsequently evaluated using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Two antihistamine drugs, cetirizine (CZ) and rupatadine (RP), exhibited particularly favorable results in the initial in silico analyses. To further assess their potential use as the activators of the p53 pathway, we investigated the antiproliferative capability of the abovementioned drugs on human glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines. Both the compounds exhibited significant antiproliferative effects on the abovementioned cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CZ was found to be 697.87 and 941.37 μM on U87 and SH-SY5Y cell lines, respectively, while the IC50 of RP was found to be 524.28 and 617.07 μM on the same cell lines, respectively. Further investigation by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the CZ-treated cell lines upregulate the expression of the p53-regulated genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and DNA damage response compared to their respective vehicle controls. These findings suggest that CZ activates the p53 pathway by inhibiting MDM2. Our results provide compelling preclinical evidence supporting the potential use of CZ as a modulator of the MDM2-p53 axis and its plausible repurposing for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem
Abdul Ghafoor
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Natural and
Applied Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48000 Mugla, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Yildiz
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Graduate School of Natural and
Applied Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48000 Mugla, Turkey
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48000 Mugla, Turkey
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13
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Ashraf HM, Fernandez B, Spencer SL. The intensities of canonical senescence biomarkers integrate the duration of cell-cycle withdrawal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4527. [PMID: 37500655 PMCID: PMC10374620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence, a state of irreversible cell-cycle withdrawal, is difficult to distinguish from quiescence, a state of reversible cell-cycle withdrawal. This difficulty arises because quiescent and senescent cells are defined by overlapping biomarkers, raising the question of whether these states are truly distinct. To address this, we use single-cell time-lapse imaging to distinguish slow-cycling cells that spend long periods in quiescence from cells that never cycle after recovery from senescence-inducing treatments, followed by staining for various senescence biomarkers. We find that the staining intensity of multiple senescence biomarkers is graded rather than binary and reflects the duration of cell-cycle withdrawal, rather than senescence per se. Together, our data show that quiescent and apparent senescent cells are nearly molecularly indistinguishable from each other at a snapshot in time. This suggests that cell-cycle withdrawal itself is graded rather than binary, where the intensities of senescence biomarkers integrate the duration of past cell-cycle withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humza M Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Brianna Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Sabrina L Spencer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
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14
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Su J, Su Q, Hu S, Ruan X, Ouyang S. Research Progress on the Anti-Aging Potential of the Active Components of Ginseng. Nutrients 2023; 15:3286. [PMID: 37571224 PMCID: PMC10421173 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a cellular state characterized by a permanent cessation of cell division and evasion of apoptosis. DNA damage, metabolic dysfunction, telomere damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main factors associated with senescence. Aging increases β-galactosidase activity, enhances cell spreading, and induces Lamin B1 loss, which further accelerate the aging process. It is associated with a variety of diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, type 2 diabetes, and chronic inflammation. Ginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-aging effects. The active components of ginseng, including saponins, polysaccharides, and active peptides, have antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, and age-delaying effects. DNA damage is the main factor associated with aging, and the mechanism through which the active ingredients of ginseng reduce DNA damage and delay aging has not been comprehensively described. This review focuses on the anti-aging mechanisms of the active ingredients of ginseng. Furthermore, it broadens the scope of ideas for further research on natural products and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.S.); (S.H.)
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Qiaofen Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.S.); (S.H.)
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.S.); (S.H.)
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Xinglin Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China;
| | - Songying Ouyang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; (Q.S.); (S.H.)
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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15
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Salvatori L, Malatesta S, Illi B, Somma MP, Fionda C, Stabile H, Fontanella RA, Gaetano C. Nitric Oxide Prevents Glioblastoma Stem Cells' Expansion and Induces Temozolomide Sensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11286. [PMID: 37511047 PMCID: PMC10379318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has high mortality and recurrence rates. Malignancy resilience is ascribed to Glioblastoma Stem Cells (GSCs), which are resistant to Temozolomide (TMZ), the gold standard for GBM post-surgical treatment. However, Nitric Oxide (NO) has demonstrated anti-cancer efficacy in GBM cells, but its potential impact on GSCs remains unexplored. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of NO, both alone and in combination with TMZ, on patient-derived GSCs. Experimentally selected concentrations of diethylenetriamine/NO adduct and TMZ were used through a time course up to 21 days of treatment, to evaluate GSC proliferation and death, functional recovery, and apoptosis. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses revealed treatment-induced effects in cell cycle and DNA damage occurrence and repair. Our results showed that NO impairs self-renewal, disrupts cell-cycle progression, and expands the quiescent cells' population. Consistently, NO triggered a significant but tolerated level of DNA damage, but not apoptosis. Interestingly, NO/TMZ cotreatment further inhibited cell cycle progression, augmented G0 cells, induced cell death, but also enhanced DNA damage repair activity. These findings suggest that, although NO administration does not eliminate GSCs, it stunts their proliferation, and makes cells susceptible to TMZ. The resulting cytostatic effect may potentially allow long-term control over the GSCs' subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Salvatori
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Malatesta
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Illi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Patrizia Somma
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria Anna Fontanella
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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16
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Zhelankin AV, Iulmetova LN, Ahmetov II, Generozov EV, Sharova EI. Diversity and Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in the Human Skeletal Muscle with Distinct Fiber Type Composition. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:659. [PMID: 36983815 PMCID: PMC10056610 DOI: 10.3390/life13030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ratio of fast- and slow-twitch fibers in human skeletal muscle is variable and largely determined by genetic factors. In this study, we investigated the contribution of microRNA (miRNA) in skeletal muscle fiber type composition. The study involved biopsy samples of the vastus lateralis muscle from 24 male participants with distinct fiber type ratios. The miRNA study included samples from five endurance athletes and five power athletes with the predominance of slow-twitch (61.6-72.8%) and fast-twitch (69.3-80.7%) fibers, respectively. Total and small RNA were extracted from tissue samples. Total RNA sequencing (N = 24) revealed 352 differentially expressed genes between the groups with the predominance of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers. Small RNA sequencing showed upregulation of miR-206, miR-501-3p and miR-185-5p, and downregulation of miR-499a-5p and miR-208-5p in the group of power athletes with fast-twitch fiber predominance. Two miRtronic miRNAs, miR-208b-3p and miR-499a-5p, had strong correlations in expression with their host genes (MYH7 and MYH7B, respectively). Correlations between the expression of miRNAs and their experimentally validated messenger RNA (mRNA) targets were calculated, and 11 miRNA-mRNA interactions with strong negative correlations were identified. Two of them belonged to miR-208b-3p and miR-499a-5p, indicating their regulatory links with the expression of CDKN1A and FOXO4, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Zhelankin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liliia N. Iulmetova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ildus I. Ahmetov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK
| | - Eduard V. Generozov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena I. Sharova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Semenova EA, Zempo H, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Kumagai H, Larin AK, Sultanov RI, Babalyan KA, Zhelankin AV, Tobina T, Shiose K, Kakigi R, Tsuzuki T, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Kobayashi H, Naito H, Burniston J, Generozov EV, Fuku N, Ahmetov II. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies CDKN1A as a Novel Locus Associated with Muscle Fiber Composition. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233910. [PMID: 36497168 PMCID: PMC9737696 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle fiber composition is associated with physical performance, with endurance athletes having a high proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers compared to power athletes. Approximately 45% of muscle fiber composition is heritable, however, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) underlying inter-individual differences in muscle fiber types remain largely unknown. Based on three whole genome SNP datasets, we have shown that the rs236448 A allele located near the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) gene was associated with an increased proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers in Russian (n = 151; p = 0.039), Finnish (n = 287; p = 0.03), and Japanese (n = 207; p = 0.008) cohorts (meta-analysis: p = 7.9 × 10−5. Furthermore, the frequency of the rs236448 A allele was significantly higher in Russian (p = 0.045) and Japanese (p = 0.038) elite endurance athletes compared to ethnically matched power athletes. On the contrary, the C allele was associated with a greater proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers and a predisposition to power sports. CDKN1A participates in cell cycle regulation and is suppressed by the miR-208b, which has a prominent role in the activation of the slow myofiber gene program. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the rs236448 C allele was associated with increased CDKN1A expression in whole blood (p = 8.5 × 10−15) and with greater appendicular lean mass (p = 1.2 × 10−5), whereas the A allele was associated with longer durations of exercise (p = 0.044) reported amongst the UK Biobank cohort. Furthermore, the expression of CDKN1A increased in response to strength (p < 0.0001) or sprint (p = 0.00035) training. Accordingly, we found that CDKN1A expression is significantly (p = 0.002) higher in the m. vastus lateralis of strength athletes compared to endurance athletes and is positively correlated with the percentage of fast-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.018). In conclusion, our data suggest that the CDKN1A rs236448 SNP may be implicated in the determination of muscle fiber composition and may affect athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, 420138 Kazan, Russia
| | - Hirofumi Zempo
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo Seiei College, Tokyo 124-0025, Japan
| | - Eri Miyamoto-Mikami
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kumagai
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Andrey K. Larin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rinat I. Sultanov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Babalyan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Zhelankin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Takuro Tobina
- Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shiose
- Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Ryo Kakigi
- Faculty of Management & Information Science, Josai International University, Chiba 283-8555, Japan
| | | | - Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of General Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki 310-0015, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Jatin Burniston
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK
| | - Edward V. Generozov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Noriyuki Fuku
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan
| | - Ildus I. Ahmetov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK
- Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 115093 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
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18
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Capanni C, Schena E, Di Giampietro ML, Montecucco A, Mattioli E, Lattanzi G. The role of prelamin A post-translational maturation in stress response and 53BP1 recruitment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1018102. [PMID: 36467410 PMCID: PMC9709412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1018102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lamin A is a main constituent of the nuclear lamina and contributes to nuclear shaping, mechano-signaling transduction and gene regulation, thus affecting major cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and entry into senescence, cellular differentiation and stress response. The role of lamin A in stress response is particularly intriguing, yet not fully elucidated, and involves prelamin A post-translational processing. Here, we propose prelamin A as the tool that allows lamin A plasticity during oxidative stress response and permits timely 53BP1 recruitment to DNA damage foci. We show that while PCNA ubiquitination, p21 decrease and H2AX phosphorylation occur soon after stress induction in the absence of prelamin A, accumulation of non-farnesylated prelamin A follows and triggers recruitment of 53BP1 to lamin A/C complexes. Then, the following prelamin A processing steps causing transient accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A and maturation to lamin A reduce lamin A affinity for 53BP1 and favor its release and localization to DNA damage sites. Consistent with these observations, accumulation of prelamin A forms in cells under basal conditions impairs histone H2AX phosphorylation, PCNA ubiquitination and p21 degradation, thus affecting the early stages of stress response. As a whole, our results are consistent with a physiological function of prelamin A modulation during stress response aimed at timely recruitment/release of 53BP1 and other molecules required for DNA damage repair. In this context, it becomes more obvious how farnesylated prelamin A accumulation to toxic levels alters timing of DNA damage signaling and 53BP1 recruitment, thus contributing to cellular senescence and accelerated organismal aging as observed in progeroid laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Capanni
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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19
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Furia L, Pelicci S, Scanarini M, Pelicci PG, Faretta M. From Double-Strand Break Recognition to Cell-Cycle Checkpoint Activation: High Content and Resolution Image Cytometry Unmasks 53BP1 Multiple Roles in DNA Damage Response and p53 Action. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710193. [PMID: 36077590 PMCID: PMC9456172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
53BP1 protein has been isolated in-vitro as a putative p53 interactor. From the discovery of its engagement in the DNA-Damage Response (DDR), its role in sustaining the activity of the p53-regulated transcriptional program has been frequently under-evaluated, even in the case of a specific response to numerous DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs), i.e., exposure to ionizing radiation. The localization of 53BP1 protein constitutes a key to decipher the network of activities exerted in response to stress. We present here an automated-microscopy for image cytometry protocol to analyze the evolution of the DDR, and to demonstrate how 53BP1 moved from damaged sites, where the well-known interaction with the DSB marker γH2A.X takes place, to nucleoplasm, interacting with p53, and enhancing the transcriptional regulation of the guardian of the genome protein. Molecular interactions have been quantitatively described and spatiotemporally localized at the highest spatial resolution by a simultaneous analysis of the impairment of the cell-cycle progression. Thanks to the high statistical sampling of the presented protocol, we provide a detailed quantitative description of the molecular events following the DSBs formation. Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM) Analysis finally confirmed the p53–53BP1 interaction on the tens of nanometers scale during the distinct phases of the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Furia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirco Scanarini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Faretta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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