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Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, Salgado-Cámara P, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Oxidative Stress Markers in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6289. [PMID: 38927996 PMCID: PMC11203935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not completely understood, but genetic factors, autoimmunity, inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration seem to play a significant role. Data from analyses of central nervous system autopsy material from patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, as well as from studies in the main experimental model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggest the possibility of a role of oxidative stress as well. In this narrative review, we summarize the main data from studies reported on oxidative stress markers in patients diagnosed with MS and in experimental models of MS (mainly EAE), and case-control association studies on the possible association of candidate genes related to oxidative stress with risk for MS. Most studies have shown an increase in markers of oxidative stress, a decrease in antioxidant substances, or both, with cerebrospinal fluid and serum/plasma malonyl-dialdehyde being the most reliable markers. This topic requires further prospective, multicenter studies with a long-term follow-up period involving a large number of patients with MS and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Hortensia Alonso-Navarro
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Paula Salgado-Cámara
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, E-28500 Madrid, Spain; (H.A.-N.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, E-10071 Cáceres, Spain; (E.G.-M.); (J.A.G.A.)
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Foolad F, Samadi-Bahrami Z, Khodagholi F, Nabavi SM, Moore GRW, Javan M. Sirtuins and Metabolism Biomarkers in Relapsing-Remitting and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: a Correlation Study with Clinical Outcomes and Cognitive Impairments. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3442-3460. [PMID: 37995076 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a primary inflammatory demyelinating disease with different clinical courses and subtypes. The present study aimed to determine whether mitochondrial dysfunction and sirtuins 1 and 3, as metabolism and epigenetic modifying factors, might contribute to MS disease progression measured by physical disability and cognitive impairment.The volunteers (n = 20 controls, n = 59 MS) were recruited and assessed for cognitive function and disability scores; then, patients were clinically classified as relapsing-remitting (RR) in remission phase, RR in relapse phase, and secondary progressive MS. We measured sirtuin (SIRT) 1 and 3 levels, mitochondrial complex I, IV, aconitase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGD) activity in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, SIRT1, pyruvate, lactate, and cytochrome c (Cyt c) were determined in plasma. Finally, we performed postmortem tissue immunohistochemistry to assess the level of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the brain lesions of patients with MS.Increased disability and cognitive impairment in patients were correlated. Plasma level of lactate showed a correlation with the disability in MS patients; moreover, a trend toward increased Cyt c plasma level was observed. Investigation of PBMCs exhibited decreased SIRT1 during the relapse phase along with a reduced complex IV activity in all MS subgroups. α-KGD activity was significantly increased in the RR-remission, and SIRT3 was elevated in RR-relapse group. This elevation correlated with disability and cognitive impairment. Finally, immunohistochemistry demonstrated increased levels of SIRT1 and 3 in the brain active lesion of patients with MS.Our data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and alteration in some epigenetics and metabolism modifying factors in the CNS and peripheral blood cells may contribute or correlate with MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Foolad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zahra Samadi-Bahrami
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Massood Nabavi
- Department of Regenerative Biomedicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - G R Wayne Moore
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Mantle D, Hargreaves IP. Coenzyme Q10 and Autoimmune Disorders: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4576. [PMID: 38674161 PMCID: PMC11049925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Some 90 autoimmune disorders have been described in medical literature, affecting most of the tissues within the body. Autoimmune disorders may be difficult to treat, and there is a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies for these disorders. Autoimmune disorders are characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation; there is therefore a rationale for a role for coenzyme Q10 in the management of these disorders, on the basis of its key role in normal mitochondrial function, as an antioxidant, and as an anti-inflammatory agent. In this article, we have therefore reviewed the potential role of CoQ10, in terms of both deficiency and/or supplementation, in a range of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iain P. Hargreaves
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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Zhang H, Zha X, Zhang B, Zheng Y, Elsabagh M, Wang H, Wang M. Gut microbiota contributes to bisphenol A-induced maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, oxidative stress, and fetal growth restriction in pregnant ewe model by regulating gut-placental axis. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:28. [PMID: 38365714 PMCID: PMC10874076 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01749-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant with endocrine-disrupting properties that induce fetal growth restriction (FGR). Previous studies on pregnant ewes revealed that BPA exposure causes placental apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS) and decreases placental efficiency, consequently leading to FGR. Nonetheless, the response of gut microbiota to BPA exposure and its role in aggravating BPA-mediated apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and OS of the maternal placenta and intestine are unclear in an ovine model of gestation. RESULTS Two pregnant ewe groups (n = 8/group) were given either a subcutaneous (sc) injection of corn oil (CON group) or BPA (5 mg/kg/day) dissolved in corn oil (BPA group) once daily, from day 40 to day 110 of gestation. The maternal colonic digesta and the ileum and placental tissue samples were collected to measure the biomarkers of autophagy, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, ERS, and OS. To investigate the link between gut microbiota and the BPA-induced FGR in pregnant ewes, gut microbiota transplantation (GMT) was conducted in two pregnant mice groups (n = 10/group) from day 0 to day 18 of gestation after removing their intestinal microbiota by antibiotics. The results indicated that BPA aggravates apoptosis, ERS and autophagy, mitochondrial function injury of the placenta and ileum, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in pregnant ewes. GMT indicated that BPA-induced ERS, autophagy, and apoptosis in the ileum and placenta are attributed to gut microbiota dysbiosis resulting from BPA exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate the underlying role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut-placental axis behind the BPA-mediated maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, OS, and FGR. The findings further provide novel insights into modulating the balance of gut microbiota through medication or probiotics, functioning via the gut-placental axis, to alleviate gut-derived placental impairment or FGR. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, 51240, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, KafrelSheikh, Egypt
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, P. R. China.
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Zhang H, Zha X, Zheng Y, Liu X, Elsabagh M, Wang H, Jiang H, Wang M. Mechanisms underlying the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the placental injury and fetal growth restriction in an ovine gestation model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:117. [PMID: 37691111 PMCID: PMC10494380 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental pollutant known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, during gestation has been reported to increase the risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in an ovine model of pregnancy. We hypothesized that the FGR results from the BPA-induced insufficiency and barrier dysfunction of the placenta, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, precise mechanisms underlying the BPA-induced placental dysfunction, and subsequently, FGR, as well as the potential involvement of placental ERS in these complications, remain to be investigated. METHODS In vivo experiment, 16 twin-pregnant (from d 40 to 130 of gestation) Hu ewes were randomly distributed into two groups (8 ewes each). One group served as a control and received corn oil once a day, whereas the other group received BPA (5 mg/kg/d as a subcutaneous injection). In vitro study, ovine trophoblast cells (OTCs) were exposed to 4 treatments, 6 replicates each. The OTCs were treated with 400 μmol/L BPA, 400 μmol/L BPA + 0.5 μg/mL tunicamycin (Tm; ERS activator), 400 μmol/L BPA + 1 μmol/L 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA; ERS antagonist) and DMEM/F12 complete medium (control), for 24 h. RESULTS In vivo experiments, pregnant Hu ewes receiving the BPA from 40 to 130 days of pregnancy experienced a decrease in placental efficiency, progesterone (P4) level and fetal weight, and an increase in placental estrogen (E2) level, together with barrier dysfunctions, OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy and ERS in type A cotyledons. In vitro experiment, the OTCs exposed to BPA for 24 h showed an increase in the E2 level and related protein and gene expressions of autophagy, ERS, pro-apoptosis and inflammatory response, and a decrease in the P4 level and the related protein and gene expressions of antioxidant, anti-apoptosis and barrier function. Moreover, treating the OTCs with Tm aggravated BPA-induced dysfunction of barrier and endocrine (the increased E2 level and decreased P4 level), OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy, and ERS. However, treating the OTCs with 4-PBA reversed the counteracted effects of Tm mentioned above. CONCLUSIONS In general, the results reveal that BPA exposure can cause ERS in the ovine placenta and OTCs, and ERS induction might aggravate BPA-induced dysfunction of the placental barrier and endocrine, OS, inflammatory responses, and autophagy. These data offer novel mechanistic insights into whether ERS is involved in BPA-mediated placental dysfunction and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, 51240, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, KafrelSheikh, Egypt
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Jiang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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Zhang H, Zheng Y, Liu X, Zha X, Elsabagh M, Ma Y, Jiang H, Wang H, Wang M. Autophagy attenuates placental apoptosis, oxidative stress and fetal growth restriction in pregnant ewes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107806. [PMID: 36841186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA)-induced oxidative stress (OS) and its potentially associated autophagy and apoptosis have not been studied previously in pregnant ewes. Accordingly, this study investigated the underlying mechanisms of BPA-induced autophagy and apoptosis in the placenta and primary trophoblasts of pregnant ewes exposed to BPA both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo experiment, pregnant Hu ewes (n = 8) were exposed to 5 mg/kg/d of BPA compared to control ewes (n = 8) receiving only corn oil from day 40 through day 110 of gestation. Exposure to BPA during gestation resulted in placental insufficiency, fetal growth restriction (FGR), autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), mitochondrial dysfunction, OS, and apoptosis in type A placentomes. Regarding in vitro model, primary ovine trophoblasts were exposed to BPA, BPA plus chloroquine (CQ; an autophagy inhibitor) or BPA plus rapamycin (RAP; an autophagy activator) for 12 h. Data illustrated that exposure to BPA enhanced autophagy (ULK1, Beclin-1, LC3, Parkin, and PINK1), ERS (GRP78, CHOP10, ATF4, and ATF6) and apoptosis (Caspase 3, Bcl-2, Bax, P53) but decreased the antioxidant (CAT, Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1)-related mRNA and protein expressions as well as impaired the mitochondrial function. Moreover, treatment with CQ exacerbated the BPA-mediated OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and ERS. On the contrary, RAP treatment counteracted the BPA-induced trophoblast dysfunctions mentioned above. Overall, the findings illustrated that BPA exposure could contribute to autophagy in the ovine placenta and trophoblasts and that autophagy, in turn, could alleviate BPA-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, ERS, and OS. These results offer new mechanistic insights into the role of autophagy in mitigating BPA-induced placental dysfunctions and FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nĭgde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Yi Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Honghua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China.
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Greeck VB, Williams SK, Haas J, Wildemann B, Fairless R. Alterations in Lymphocytic Metabolism-An Emerging Hallmark of MS Pathophysiology? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032094. [PMID: 36768415 PMCID: PMC9917089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterised by acute inflammation and subsequent neuro-axonal degeneration resulting in progressive neurological impairment. Aberrant immune system activation in the periphery and subsequent lymphocyte migration to the CNS contribute to the pathophysiology. Recent research has identified metabolic dysfunction as an additional feature of MS. It is already well known that energy deficiency in neurons caused by impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation results in ionic imbalances that trigger degenerative pathways contributing to white and grey matter atrophy. However, metabolic dysfunction in MS appears to be more widespread than the CNS. This review focuses on recent research assessing the metabolism and mitochondrial function in peripheral immune cells of MS patients and lymphocytes isolated from murine models of MS. Emerging evidence suggests that pharmacological modulation of lymphocytic metabolism may regulate their subtype differentiation and rebalance pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. As such, further understanding of MS immunometabolism may aid the identification of novel treatments to specifically target proinflammatory immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria B. Greeck
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah K. Williams
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Haas
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Fairless
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Liu X, Elsabagh M, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Jin Y, Wang M, Wang H, Jiang H. Effects of the Gut Microbiota and Barrier Function on Melatonin Efficacy in Alleviating Liver Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091727. [PMID: 36139801 PMCID: PMC9495757 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure has been associated with severe liver injury. In contrast, melatonin (Mel) is a candidate drug therapy for Cd-induced liver injury due to its diverse hepatoprotective activities. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which Mel alleviates the Cd-induced liver injury, as well as the Mel–gut microbiota interaction in liver health, remains unknown. In this study, mice were given oral gavage CdCl2 and Mel for 10 weeks before the collection of liver tissues and colonic contents. The role of the gut microbiota in Mel’s efficacy in alleviating the Cd-induced liver injury was evaluated by the gut microbiota depletion technique in the presence of antibiotic treatment and gut microbiota transplantation (GMT). Our results revealed that the oral administration of Mel supplementation mitigated liver inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitophagy, improved the oxidation of fatty acids, and counteracted intestinal microbial dysbiosis in mice suffering from liver injury. It was interesting to find that neither Mel nor Cd administration induced any changes in the liver of antibiotic-treated mice. By adopting the GMT approach where gut microbiota collected from mice in the control (CON), Cd, or Mel + Cd treatment groups was colonized in mice, it was found that gut microbiota was involved in Cd-induced liver injury. Therefore, the gut microbiota is involved in the Mel-mediated mitigation of ER stress, liver inflammation and mitophagy, and the improved oxidation of fatty acids in mice suffering from Cd-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yaqian Jin
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (H.J.); Tel.: +86-514-87979196 (H.W.); Fax: +86-514-8735044 (H.W.)
| | - Honghua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (H.J.); Tel.: +86-514-87979196 (H.W.); Fax: +86-514-8735044 (H.W.)
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Zhang H, Liu X, Zheng Y, Zha X, Elsabagh M, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Loor JJ, Wang M, Wang H. Effects of the maternal gut microbiome and gut-placental axis on melatonin efficacy in alleviating cadmium-induced fetal growth restriction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 237:113550. [PMID: 35487173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental stressor that induces fetal growth restriction (FGR). Also, changes in gut microbiome diversity-which can be modulated positively by melatonin (Mel) have implications on fetal development and placental functions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether the role of Mel in counteracting the Cd-induced FGR by regulating placental barrier injury, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitophagy in pregnant mice is mediated-in part- via the gut microbiota modulations. Pregnant mice were intraperitoneally injected with CdCl2 (5 mg/kg) and Mel (5 mg/kg) once daily, respectively, at the same time from gestational day (GD) 8 to GD18, and then the maternal colon and placental tissues were collected for detection. To investigate the inner relationship between intestinal flora and the protection of Mel on FGR caused by Cd, gut microbiota transplantation (GMT) was carried out from GD0 to GD18 after the removal of intestinal microbiota by antibiotics. Results indicated that Mel relieved barrier injury, ERS and mitophagy in the placenta, and reversed the maternal gut microbiota dysbiosis. The GMT approach suggested a role of intestinal microbiota in placental barrier injury, ERS and mitophagy induced by Cd. Overall, the results highlighted that the intestinal microbiota and gut-placental axis play a central role in the protective effect of Mel against Cd-induced FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Aharon-Hananel G, Romero-Afrima L, Saada A, Mantzur C, Raz I, Weksler-Zangen S. Cytochrome c Oxidase Activity as a Metabolic Regulator in Pancreatic Beta-Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060929. [PMID: 35326380 PMCID: PMC8946064 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells couple glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) with oxidative phosphorylation via cytochrome c oxidase (COX), a mitochondrial respiratory-chain enzyme. The Cohen diabetic-sensitive (CDs) rats exhibit hyperglycemia when fed a diabetogenic diet but maintain normoglycemia on a regular diet. We have previously reported a decreased COX activity in CDs rats and explored its relevance for type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we investigated the relation between COX activity in islets, peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and GSIS during diabetes development in CDs rats fed a diabetogenic diet for 4, 11, 20, and 30 days and during reversion to normoglycemia in hyperglycemic CDs rats fed a reversion diet for 7, 11, and 20 days. An oral glucose-tolerance test was performed at different periods of the diets measuring blood glucose and insulin concentrations. COX activity was determined in islets and PBMCs isolated from rats at the different periods of the diets. We demonstrated a progressive reduction in COX activity in CDs-islets that correlated positively with the decreasing GSIS (R2 = 0.9691, p < 0.001) and inversely with the elevation in blood glucose levels (R2 = 0.8396, p < 0.001). Hyperglycemia was initiated when islet COX activity decreased below 46%. The reversion diet restored >46% of the islet COX activity and GSIS while re-establishing normoglycemia. Interestingly, COX activity in PBMCs correlated significantly with islet COX activity (R2 = 0.8944, p < 0.001). Our data support islet COX activity as a major metabolic regulator of β-cells function. The correlation between COX activity in PBMCs and islets may serve as a noninvasive biomarker to monitor β-cell dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genya Aharon-Hananel
- The Hadassah Diabetes Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.A.-H.); (L.R.-A.); (C.M.); (I.R.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 5266202, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Leonor Romero-Afrima
- The Hadassah Diabetes Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.A.-H.); (L.R.-A.); (C.M.); (I.R.)
- The Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Ann Saada
- The Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine Hebrew, University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Carmit Mantzur
- The Hadassah Diabetes Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.A.-H.); (L.R.-A.); (C.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Itamar Raz
- The Hadassah Diabetes Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.A.-H.); (L.R.-A.); (C.M.); (I.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine Hebrew, University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Sarah Weksler-Zangen
- The Hadassah Diabetes Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (G.A.-H.); (L.R.-A.); (C.M.); (I.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine Hebrew, University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The Liver Research Laboratory, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-50-5172008
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11
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Ma Y, Elmhadi M, Wang C, Zhang H, Wang H. Dietary supplementation of thiamine down-regulates the expression of mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes in the rumen epithelium of goats during high-concentrate diet feeding. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1985944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mawda Elmhadi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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12
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Al Shamsi M, Shahin A, Kamyan D, Alnaqbi A, Shaban S, Souid AK. Conserved spinal cord bioenergetics in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL6 mice, measured using phosphorescence oxygen analyzer. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08111. [PMID: 34693048 PMCID: PMC8511844 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously reported that spinal cord respiration (cellular mitochondrial oxygen consumption) and ATP content are conserved in the studied model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), foreseeing a recovery of the diseased rats. This exemplary lesion of multiple sclerosis is used here to measure spinal cord bioenergetics in C57BL6 mice. Our hypothesis is that, despite the well-known focal axonal mitochondrial pathology, bioenergetics of the CNS is reasonably preserved in this disease. Methods EAE was induced with an immunodominant myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein epitope in complete Freund's adjuvant, appended by injections of pertussis toxin. A low- and high-dose of the encephalitogen, administered into base of tail or hind-flank, were investigated. Control mice received only the incomplete adjuvant into tail. Oxygen measurements were based on quenching the phosphorescence of Pd(II) meso-tetra (sulfophenyl) tetrabenzoporphyrin by molecular oxygen. Cellular ATP was measured using the luciferin/luciferase system. Results The kinetics of spinal cord oxygen consumption was zero-order (linear with time) and inhibited by cyanide, confirming oxygen was reduced by cytochrome oxidase. The rate of respiration (in μM O2.min−1.mg−1; measured on Days 13–28) in control mice was (mean ± SD) 0.086 ± 0.024 (n = 8) and in immunized mice was 0.079 ± 0.020 (n = 15, P = 0.265, Mann-Whitney test). Consistently, cellular ATP (in μmol mg−1 dry pellet weight; measured on Days 13–28) in control mice was 0.068 ± 0.079 (n = 11) and in immunized mice was 0.063 ± 0.061 (n = 24, P = 0.887, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusions In vitro measurements of spinal cord bioenergetics show conservation of the mitochondrial function in mice with EAE. These results suggest the previously documented reduced mitochondrial electrochemical potential in this disease is alterable, and likely reflects the adverse events of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Al Shamsi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UAE University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Allen Shahin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UAE University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Doua Kamyan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UAE University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alanood Alnaqbi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UAE University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sami Shaban
- Department of Medical Education, UAE University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul-Kader Souid
- Department of Pediatrics, UAE University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Zhang H, Liu X, Ren S, Elsabagh M, Wang M, Wang H. Dietary N-carbamylglutamate or l-arginine supplementation improves hepatic energy status and mitochondrial function and inhibits the AMP-activated protein kinase-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α-transcription factor A pathway in intrauterine-growth-retarded suckling lambs. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:859-867. [PMID: 34466690 PMCID: PMC8379647 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary administration of l-arginine (Arg) or N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on hepatic energy status and mitochondrial functions in suckling Hu lambs with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Forty-eight newborn Hu lambs of 7 d old were allocated into 4 treatment groups of 12 lambs each, in triplicate with 4 lambs per replicate (2 males and 2 females) as follows: CON (lambs of normal birth weight, 4.25 ± 0.14 kg), IUGR (3.01 ± 0.12 kg), IUGR + 1% Arg (2.99 ± 0.13 kg), or IUGR + 0.1% NCG (3.03 ± 0.11 kg). The experiment lasted for 21 d, until d 28 after birth, and all lambs were fed milk replacer as a basal diet. Compared with IUGR lambs, NCG or Arg administration increased (P < 0.05) the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level and the activities of complexes I/III/IV, isocitrate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in the liver. Compared with CON lambs, the relative mRNA levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and transcription factor A (TFAM) were increased (P < 0.05) in the liver of IUGR lambs, but were decreased (P < 0.05) in the liver of NCG- or Arg-treated lambs compared with those in the IUGR lambs. Compared with IUGR lambs, NCG or Arg administration decreased (P < 0.05) the total AMPKα (tAMPKα)-to-phosphorylated AMPKα (pAMPKα) ratio and the protein expression of PGC1α and TFAM. The results suggested that dietary Arg or NCG supplements improved hepatic energy status and mitochondrial function and inhibited the AMPK-PGC1α-TFAM pathway in IUGR suckling lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Shengnan Ren
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, Niğde, 51240, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
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Gezmis H, Doran T, Mayda Domac F, Yucel D, Karaci R, Kirac D. CD4+ and CD25+ T-cell response to short-time interferon-beta therapy on IL10, IL23A and FOXP3 genes in multiple sclerosis patients. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14238. [PMID: 33884734 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Interferon-beta (IFN-β), multiple sclerosis (MS) drug for years, does not have therapeutic effects on each patient. Yet, a considerable portion has experienced no therapeutic response to IFN-β. Therefore, it is necessary to determine disease-specific biomarkers that affect drug response. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of interleukin 10 (IL10) and 23 (IL23A), as well as forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) genes on MS after IFN-β therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 42 MS patients were isolated to obtain CD4+ and CD25+ T cells. Both cell types were characterised by flow cytometry. To determine optimum drug concentration of IFN-β, cytotoxicity assays were assessed on each cell type for 4, 16, 24 and 48 hours respectively. Then, cells were cultured in the presence of 500 IU/mL of IFN-β. cDNA synthesis was performed after mRNA extraction. RT-PCR was performed to measure gene expressions of IL10, IL23A and FOXP3. Results were evaluated statistically. RESULTS It was found that the cytotoxic effect of IFN-β was more efficient as the exposure time was expanded regardless of drug concentration. Moreover, CD25+ T lymphocytes were more resistant to IFN-β. IL23A was down-regulated, whereas FOXP3 was up-regulated at 48 hours in CD4+ T cells. For CD25+ T cells, the graded increase in FOXP3 was obtained while IL10 expression was gradually decreased throughout the drug intake. CONCLUSION Although a considerable change in expression was obtained, the long-term IFN-β effect on both genes and cells should be determined by follow-up at least a year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazal Gezmis
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Tansu Doran
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Mayda Domac
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Erenkoy Mental and Nervous Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yucel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rahsan Karaci
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Erenkoy Mental and Nervous Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Kirac
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhang H, Liu X, Fan Y, Yu Y, Loor JJ, Elsabagh M, Peng A, Wang H. l-Arginine Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage in Ovine Intestinal Epithelial Cells by Regulating Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Function, and Autophagy. J Nutr 2021; 151:1038-1046. [PMID: 33693729 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated that dietary l-arginine (Arg) alters the equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and biological defenses to resist oxidant-induced toxicity. Whether supplying Arg can protect ovine intestinal epithelial cells (OIECs) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage is unclear. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to examine the effect of Arg on mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis induced by H2O2 in OIECs. METHODS The OIECs were incubated in Arg-free DMEM supplemented with 100 μM Arg (CON) or 350 μM Arg (ARG) alone or with 150 μM H2O2 (CON + H2O2, ARG + H2O2) for 24 h. Cellular apoptosis, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and the related categories of genes and proteins were determined. All data were analyzed by ANOVA using the general linear model procedures of SAS (SAS Institute) for a 2 × 2 factorial design. RESULTS Relative to the CON and ARG groups, H2O2 administration resulted in 44.9% and 26.5% lower (P < 0.05) cell viability but 34.7% and 61.8% greater (P < 0.05) ROS concentration in OIECs, respectively. Compared with the CON and CON + H2O2 groups, Arg supplementation led to 40.7% and 28.8% lower (P < 0.05) ROS concentration but 14.9%-49.0% and 29.3%-64.1% greater (P < 0.05) mitochondrial membrane potential, relative mitochondrial DNA content, and complex (I-IV) activity in OIECs, respectively. Compared with the CON and CON + H2O2 groups, Arg supplementation led to 33.9%-53.1% and 22.4%-49.1% lower (P < 0.05) mRNA abundance of proapoptotic genes, respectively. Relative to the CON and CON + H2O2 groups, Arg supplementation resulted in 33.0%-59.2% and 14.6%-37.7% lower (P < 0.05) abundance of proapoptotic, mitophagy, and cytoplasmic cytochrome c protein, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Supply of Arg protects OIECs against H2O2-induced damage partly by improving mitochondrial function and alleviating cellular apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaotian Fan
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey.,Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Zhang H, Yan A, Liu X, Ma Y, Zhao F, Wang M, Loor JJ, Wang H. Melatonin ameliorates ochratoxin A induced liver inflammation, oxidative stress and mitophagy in mice involving in intestinal microbiota and restoring the intestinal barrier function. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124489. [PMID: 33359973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is a widespread contaminant in human and animal food products. Previous studies in rats revealed that melatonin (Mel) exhibits a preventive effect against OTA-induced oxidative stress in liver. However, it remains unknown whether gut microbiota respond to Mel and, if so, whether it can prevent OTA-induced inflammation and mitophagy in the liver. In the present study, mice received an oral gavage of Mel and OTA for 3 weeks before harvesting colonic digesta and liver tissue for analyses. In another study, the role of intestinal microbiota on the effects of Mel on OTA-induced liver inflammation and mitophagy was assessed through clearance of intestinal microbiota with antibiotics followed by gut microbiota transplantation (GMT). Oral Mel supplementation ameliorated mitophagy in the liver and reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis. Intriguingly, in antibiotic-treated mice, Mel and OTA failed to induce mitophagy in the liver. Using the GMT approach in which mice were colonised with intestinal microbiota from control-, OTA-, or Mel + OTA-treated mice led us to elucidated the involvement of intestinal microbiota in liver inflammation and mitophagy induced by OTA. The findings suggested that intestinal microbiota play some role in the Mel-induced amelioration of liver inflammation and mitophagy induced by OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ani Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yi Ma
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jaun J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Kleerekooper I, Petzold A, Trip SA. Anterior visual system imaging to investigate energy failure in multiple sclerosis. Brain 2020; 143:1999-2008. [PMID: 32163545 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial failure and hypoxia are key contributors to multiple sclerosis pathophysiology. Importantly, improving mitochondrial function holds promise as a new therapeutic strategy in multiple sclerosis. Currently, studying mitochondrial changes in multiple sclerosis is hampered by a paucity of non-invasive techniques to investigate mitochondrial function of the CNS in vivo. It is against this backdrop that the anterior visual system provides new avenues for monitoring of mitochondrial changes. The retina and optic nerve are among the metabolically most active structures in the human body and are almost always affected to some degree in multiple sclerosis. Here, we provide an update on emerging technologies that have the potential to indirectly monitor changes of metabolism and mitochondrial function. We report on the promising work with optical coherence tomography, showing structural changes in outer retinal mitochondrial signal bands, and with optical coherence angiography, quantifying retinal perfusion at the microcapillary level. We show that adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy can visualize live perfusion through microcapillaries and structural changes at the level of single photoreceptors and neurons. Advantages and limitations of these techniques are summarized with regard to future research into the pathology of the disease and as trial outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Kleerekooper
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.,Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London, UK
| | - Axel Petzold
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.,Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London, UK.,Dutch Expertise Centre Neuro-ophthalmology and MS Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Anand Trip
- Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
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18
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Zhang H, Ma Y, Wang M, Elsabagh M, Loor JJ, Wang H. Dietary supplementation of l-arginine and N-carbamylglutamate enhances duodenal barrier and mitochondrial functions and suppresses duodenal inflammation and mitophagy in suckling lambs suffering from intrauterine-growth-restriction. Food Funct 2020; 11:4456-4470. [PMID: 32374309 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00019a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The current work aimed at investigating the effects of the dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) or l-arginine (Arg) on the duodenal mitophagy, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and barrier function in suckling lambs suffering from intrauterine-growth-retardation (IUGR). Forty-eight neonate Hu lambs were used in this study: 12 lambs with normal birth weight (NBW: 4.25 ± 0.14 kg) and 36 lambs with IUGR (3.01 ± 0.13 kg). Seven day old lambs were assigned to 4 treatment groups (12 lambs in each group) as follows: control group (CON), IUGR group, IUGR + Arg, and IUGR + NCG. Lambs were fed the experimental diets for 21 days from 7 days to 28 days of age. Compared with IUGR lambs, the Arg or NCG-treated IUGR lambs had a markedly higher duodenal transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and lower fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FD4) (P < 0.05), respectively. The duodenal mitochondrial membrane potential change (ΔΨm), relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, together with the activities of the respiratory complexes I, III, and IV were markedly higher in Arg or NCG-treated IUGR lambs than those in non-supplemented IUGR lambs (P < 0.05). The expressions of the integrity-related proteins (occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)), antioxidant- and apoptosis-related proteins (B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia 2 (Bcl2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1)), and the nitric oxide-dependent pathway-related proteins (epithelial NO synthase (eNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS)) were higher in NCG or Arg-supplemented IUGR lambs than those in nontreated IUGR lambs (P < 0.05). The duodenal expressions of the mitophagy-related proteins (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) I, LC3 II, Belin1, PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), and Parkin) and the immune function-related proteins (myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), IL-6, nuclear factor kappa B (p65), toll-like receptor (TLR4) and TNF-α) were reduced (P < 0.05) in NCG or Arg-supplemented IUGR lambs compared with non-supplemented IUGR lambs. These results demonstrated that the dietary supplementation of Arg or NCG enhanced the duodenal barrier function and mitochondrial function, mitigated duodenal inflammation, and suppressed mitophagy in suckling lambs suffering from IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China.
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19
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Kalinin S, Meares GP, Lin SX, Pietruczyk EA, Saher G, Spieth L, Nave KA, Boullerne AI, Lutz SE, Benveniste EN, Feinstein DL. Liver kinase B1 depletion from astrocytes worsens disease in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Glia 2019; 68:600-616. [PMID: 31664743 PMCID: PMC7337013 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a ubiquitously expressed kinase involved in the regulation of cell metabolism, growth, and inflammatory activation. We previously reported that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding LKB1 is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Since astrocyte activation and metabolic function have important roles in regulating neuroinflammation and neuropathology, we examined the serine/threonine kinase LKB1 in astrocytes in a chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model of MS. To reduce LKB1, a heterozygous astrocyte-selective conditional knockout (het-cKO) model was used. While disease incidence was similar, disease severity was worsened in het-cKO mice. RNAseq analysis identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enriched in het-cKO mice relating to mitochondrial function, confirmed by alterations in mitochondrial complex proteins and reductions in mRNAs related to astrocyte metabolism. Enriched pathways included major histocompatibility class II genes, confirmed by increases in MHCII protein in spinal cord and cerebellum of het-cKO mice. We observed increased numbers of CD4+ Th17 cells and increased neuronal damage in spinal cords of het-cKO mice, associated with reduced expression of choline acetyltransferase, accumulation of immunoglobulin-γ, and reduced expression of factors involved in motor neuron survival. In vitro, LKB1-deficient astrocytes showed reduced metabolic function and increased inflammatory activation. These data suggest that metabolic dysfunction in astrocytes, in this case due to LKB1 deficiency, can exacerbate demyelinating disease by loss of metabolic support and increase in the inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Kalinin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gordon P Meares
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Shao Xia Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Gesine Saher
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Lena Spieth
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Anne I Boullerne
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah E Lutz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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20
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Ng X, Sadeghian M, Heales S, Hargreaves IP. Assessment of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20204975. [PMID: 31600882 PMCID: PMC6829485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20204975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that involves the autoreactive T-cell attack on axonal myelin sheath. Lesions or plaques formed as a result of repeated damage and repair mechanisms lead to impaired relay of electrical impulses along the nerve, manifesting as clinical symptoms of MS. Evidence from studies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models of MS strongly suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction presents at the onset of disease and throughout the disease course. The aim of this study was to determine if mitochondrial dysfunction occurs before clinical symptoms arise, and whether this is confined to the CNS. EAE was induced in C57B/L6 mice, and citrate synthase and mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex I–IV activities were assayed at presymptomatic (3 or 10 days post first immunisation (3 or 10 DPI)) and asymptomatic (17 days post first immunisation (17 DPI) time-points in central nervous system (CNS; spinal cord) and peripheral (liver and jaw muscle) tissues. Samples from animals immunised with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) as EAE models were compared with control animals immunised with adjuvant (ADJ) only. Significant changes in MOG compared to control ADJ animals in MRC complex I activity occurred only at presymptomatic stages, with an increase in the spinal cord at 10 DPI (87.9%), an increase at 3 DPI (25.6%) and decrease at 10 DPI (22.3%) in the jaw muscle, and an increase in the liver at 10 DPI (71.5%). MRC complex II/III activity changes occurred at presymptomatic and the asymptomatic stages of the disease, with a decrease occurring in the spinal cord at 3 DPI (87.6%) and an increase at 17 DPI (36.7%), increase in the jaw muscle at 10 DPI (25.4%), and an increase at 3 DPI (75.2%) and decrease at 17 DPI (95.7%) in the liver. Citrate synthase activity was also significantly decreased at 10 DPI (27.3%) in the liver. No significant changes were observed in complex IV across all three tissues assayed. Our findings reveal evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction is present at the asymptomatic stages in the EAE model of MS, and that the changes in MRC enzyme activities are tissue-specific and are not confined to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Ng
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
- University Medical Center, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
| | - Mona Sadeghian
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Global Clinical Development, Actelion, High Wycombe HP12 4DP, UK.
| | - Simon Heales
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Iain P Hargreaves
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Byrom Street, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
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21
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Hargreaves IP. Biochemical Assessment and Monitoring of Mitochondrial Disease. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7040066. [PMID: 29596310 PMCID: PMC5920440 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iain P Hargreaves
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 5UA, UK.
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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