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Varet J, Barranger A, Crochet C, Huet S, Hogeveen K, Le Hégarat L, Fessard V. New methodological developments for testing the in vitro genotoxicity of nanomaterials: Comparison of 2D and 3D HepaRG liver cell models and classical and high throughput comet assay formats. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:140975. [PMID: 38142884 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are defined as materials with at least one external dimension below 100 nm. Their small size confers them interesting unique physico-chemical properties, hence NMs are increasingly used in a diversity of applications. However, the specific properties of NMs could also make them more harmful than their bulk counterparts. Therefore, there is a crucial need to deliver efficient NM hazard assessment in order to sustain the responsible development of nanotechnology. This study analysed the genotoxic potential of several NMs: one titanium dioxide (TiO2) and two zinc oxide NMs (ZnO) that were tested up to 100 μg/mL on 2D and 3D hepatic HepaRG models. Genotoxicity analysis was performed comparing the alkaline comet assay in classical and high throughput formats. Moreover, oxidative DNA lesions were investigated with the Fpg-modified comet assay. Results showed that TiO2 NMs were not cytotoxic and not genotoxic in either cell model, although a small increase in the % tail DNA was observed in 3D HepaRG cells at 100 μg/mL in the classical format. The two ZnO NMs (ZnO S. NMs a commercial suspension and NM110 provided by the European Union Joint Research Centre) induced a concentration-dependent increase in cytotoxicity that was more pronounced in the 2D (>20% cytotoxicity was observed for ZnO S. at concentrations greater than 25 μg/mL, and for NM 110 at 50 μg/mL) than in the 3D model (more than 20% cytotoxicity for ZnO S. NMs at 50 μg/mL). While ZnO S. NMs induced DNA damage associated with cytotoxicity (at 25 and 50 μg/mL in 2D and 50 μg/mL in 3D), NM110 showed a clear genotoxic effect at non-cytotoxic concentrations (25 μg/mL in 2D and at 25 and 50 μg/mL in 3D). No major differences could be observed in the comet assay in the presence or absence of the Fpg enzyme. High throughput analysis using CometChip® mostly confirmed the results obtained with the classical format, and even enhanced the detection of genotoxicity in the 3D model. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that new approach methodologies (NAMs), 3D models and the high throughput format for the comet assay, were more efficient in the detection of genotoxic effects, and are therefore promising approaches to improve hazard assessment of NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Varet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France.
| | - Audrey Barranger
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Camille Crochet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Sylvie Huet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Kevin Hogeveen
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Ludovic Le Hégarat
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Valérie Fessard
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France.
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Tang B, Ma W, Lin Y. Emerging applications of anti-angiogenic nanomaterials in oncotherapy. J Control Release 2023; 364:61-78. [PMID: 37871753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of generating new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. Under normal conditions, this process is delicately controlled by pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Tumor cells can produce plentiful pro-angiogenic molecules promoting pathological angiogenesis for uncontrollable growth. Therefore, anti-angiogenic therapy, which aims to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, has become an attractive approach for oncotherapy. However, classic anti-angiogenic agents have several limitations in clinical use, such as lack of specific targeting, low bioavailability, and poor therapeutic outcomes. Hence, alternative angiogenic inhibitors are highly desired. With the emergence of nanotechnology, various nanomaterials have been designed for anti-angiogenesis purposes, offering promising features like excellent targeting capabilities, reduced side effects, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe tumor vascular features, discuss current dilemma of traditional anti-angiogenic medicines in oncotherapy, and underline the potential of nanomaterials in tumor anti-angiogenic therapy. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges of anti-angiogenic cancer treatment. We expect that this summary of anti-angiogenic nanomaterials in oncotherapy will offer valuable insights, facilitating their extensive applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Chumachenko V, Virych P, Nie G, Virych P, Yeshchenko O, Khort P, Tkachenko A, Prokopiuk V, Lukianova N, Zadvornyi T, Rawiso M, Ding L, Kutsevol N. Combined Dextran-Graft-Polyacrylamide/Zinc Oxide Nanocarrier for Effective Anticancer Therapy in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4821-4838. [PMID: 37662686 PMCID: PMC10473965 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s416046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer chemotherapy faces two major challenges - high toxicity of active substances and tumor resistance to drugs. Low toxic nanocarriers in combination with anticancer agents can significantly increase the effectiveness of therapy. Modern advances in nanotechnology make it easy to create materials with the necessary physical and chemical properties. Methods Two hybrid nanosystems of dextran-polyacrylamide/ zinc oxide nanoparticles (D-PAA/ZnO NPs) were synthesized in aqueous solution with zinc sulphate (D-PAA/ZnO NPs (SO42-)) and zinc acetate (D-PAA/ZnO NPs (-OAc)). The light absorption, fluorescence, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy for nanocomposite characterization were used. MTT, neutral red uptake and scratch assays were selected as fibroblasts cytotoxicity assays. Cytotoxicity was tested in vitro for normal fibroblasts, MAEC, prostate (LNCaP, PC-3, DU-145) and breast (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7) cancer cells lines. Immunocytochemical methods were used for detection of Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, e-cadherin, N-cadherin and CD44 expression. Acridine orange was used to detect morphological changes in cells. Results The radius of ZnO NPs (SO42-) was 1.5 nm and ZnO NPs (-OAc) was 2 nm. The nanosystems were low-toxic to fibroblasts, MAEC. Cells in the last stages of apoptosis with the formation of apoptotic bodies were detected for all investigated cancer cell lines. Proapoptotic proteins expression in cancer cells indicates an apoptotic death. Increased expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin was registered for cancer cells line LNCaP, PC-3, DU-145 and MCF-7 after 48 h incubation with D-PAA/ZnO NPs (SO42-). Conclusion The nanosystems were low-toxic to fibroblasts, MAEC. The D-PAA/ZnO NPs nanosystem synthesized using zinc sulphate demonstrates high cytotoxicity due to destruction of various types of cancer cells in vitro and potentially increases adhesion between cells. Thus, our findings indicate the selective cytotoxicity of D-PAA/ZnO NPs against cancer cells and can be potentially used for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl Chumachenko
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Virych
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Guochao Nie
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Petro Virych
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, R.E. Kavetsky Institute for Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleg Yeshchenko
- Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Khort
- Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anton Tkachenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Prokopiuk
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Cryobiochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Lukianova
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, R.E. Kavetsky Institute for Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Zadvornyi
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, R.E. Kavetsky Institute for Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Liyao Ding
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nataliya Kutsevol
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institut Charles Sadron, Strasbourg, France
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Sánchez-Argüello P, Franco D, Fernández MD. Combined cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and chlorpyrifos in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mikyss, gonadal cell line RTG-2. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 261:106612. [PMID: 37331202 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in aquatic organisms has been extensively studied, but little information is available on the effects associated with their interaction with other contaminants. In this context, the in vitro effects of co-exposure of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and ZnO NPs on fish-derived cells were investigated. A selection of concentrations was tested in single and binary exposures: CPF (0.312 - 75 mg/L) and ZnO NPs (10 - 100 mg/L). Cytotoxicity was measured using commonly used cellular endpoints: Alamar Blue/CFDA-AM for viability and plasma membrane integrity, NRU for lysosomal disruption and MTT for mitochondrial function. In addition, specific mechanisms of toxicity for CPF and ZnO NPs were tested: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and ROS generation, respectively. AChE was by far the most sensitive assay for single exposure to CPF. There was no concentration-response relationship for ROS after single exposure to ZnO NPs, but 10 mg/L produced significant effects only for this cellular endpoint. Co-exposure of CPF with 10 m/L of ZnO NPs produced significant effects in almost all endpoints tested, which were enhanced by co-exposure with 100 mg/L of ZnO NPs. AChE testing of additional co-exposures with bulk ZnO, together with the application of the Independent Action (IA) prediction model, which allowed us to draw more in-depth conclusions on the toxicological behavior of the mixture. Synergism was observed at 0.625 mg/L CPF concentration and antagonism at 5 mg/L CPF in mixtures containing 100 mg/L of both ZnO NPs and bulk ZnO. However, more cases of synergism between CPF and ZnO NPs occurred at intermediate CPF concentrations, demonstrating that nano-sized particles have a more toxic interaction with CPF than bulk ZnO. Therefore it can be argued that in vitro assays allow the identification of interaction profiles of NP-containing mixtures by achieving multiple endpoints with a large number of concentration combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Sánchez-Argüello
- Laboratory for Ecotoxicology, Department of Environment and Agronomy, INIA-CSIC (National Institute for Agricultural Research and Food Research and Technology-CSIC), A Coruña, km 7.5. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Franco
- Laboratory for Ecotoxicology, Department of Environment and Agronomy, INIA-CSIC (National Institute for Agricultural Research and Food Research and Technology-CSIC), A Coruña, km 7.5. 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Dolores Fernández
- Laboratory for Ecotoxicology, Department of Environment and Agronomy, INIA-CSIC (National Institute for Agricultural Research and Food Research and Technology-CSIC), A Coruña, km 7.5. 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Habibian M, Biniaz S, Moosavi SJ. Protective Role of Short-term Aerobic Exercise Against Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Cardiac Oxidative Stress Via Possible Changes of Apelin, Angiotensin II/Angiotensin II Type I Signalling Pathway. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023:10.1007/s12012-023-09792-8. [PMID: 37184829 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the protective role of short-term aerobic exercise on ZnO NPs-induced cardiac oxidative stress and possible changes of apelin, angiotensin II (AngII) and angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) signalling pathway. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups of seven rats, including control, saline, ZnO NPs, exercise and exercise + ZnO NPs groups. The animal in ZnO NPs and exercise + ZnO NPs groups received 1 mg/kg of ZnO NPs. Rats underwent the treadmill exercise program. Treatments lasted four weeks, 5 days/week. After 4 weeks of treatment, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), apelin, Ang II and AT1R concentration were measured in heart tissue.Cardiac MDA, Ang II and AT1R levels significantly increased while SOD activity and apelin levels significantly decreased following ZnO NPs administration. The aerobic exercise induced a significant increase in the SOD activity and apelin levels and a significant decrease in the enhanced MDA, Ang II and AT1R levels in the heart of ZnO NPs-exposed rats. These results suggest that the exercise-induced attenuation of the Ang II-AT1R signalling pathway is mediated by reduced lipid peroxidation, augmented antioxidant defence and enhanced apelin synthesis that may be a protective mechanism to prevent and/or treatment ZnO NPs-induced cardiac oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Habibian
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Qaemshahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahar, Iran.
| | - Sara Biniaz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyyed Jafar Moosavi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Qaemshahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahar, Iran
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Effect of Repeated Contact to Food Simulants on the Chemical and Functional Properties of Nano ZnO Composited LDPE Films for Reusable Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010009. [PMID: 36616360 PMCID: PMC9824836 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of repeated contact with food simulants on the properties and functionality of zinc oxide (ZnO) in nanocomposite films was investigated to examine possible safety hazards from the point of view of long-term use as food packaging. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) embedded with 5 wt% nano-ZnO was immersed in distilled water, 50% ethanol, 4% acetic acid, and n-heptane. The cycle of immersion-rinse-dry was repeated up to 40 times for same sample under constant condition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy analyses were performed to identify the changes in the chemical and functional properties of the nanocomposite film. Acetic acid had the greatest impact on the LDPE-ZnO nanocomposite films, while other food simulants caused little change. A new carboxylate bond was formed by the reaction of ZnO with acetic acid, as evidenced by the FTIR spectra. In addition, XRD and XAS confirmed the phase changes of nano-ZnO into zinc salts such as zinc hydroxy acetate or zinc acetate dihydrate. Furthermore, the light barrier property of the nanocomposite film drastically decreased, owing to the change in the bandgap of ZnO and film morphology.
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Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials in Cosmetics: Focus on Dermal and Hair Dyes Products. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials use in cosmetics is markedly enhancing, so their exposure and toxicity are important parameters to consider for their risk assessment. This review article provides an overview of the active cosmetic ingredients used for cosmetic application, including dermal cosmetics and also hair dye cosmetics, as well as their safety assessment, enriched with a compilation of the safety assessment tests available to evaluate the different types of toxicity. In fact, despite the increase in research and the number of papers published in the field of nanotechnology, the related safety assessment is still insufficient. To elucidate the possible effects that nanosized particles can have on living systems, more studies reproducing similar conditions to what happens in vivo should be conducted, particularly considering the complex interactions of the biological systems and active cosmetic ingredients to achieve newer, safer, and more efficient nanomaterials. Toward this end, ecological issues and the toxicological pattern should also be a study target.
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Shawki MM, El Sadieque A, Elabd S, Moustafa ME. Synergetic Effect of Tumor Treating Fields and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Cell Apoptosis and Genotoxicity of Three Different Human Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:4384. [PMID: 35889257 PMCID: PMC9322763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, despite extraordinary progress. So, new cancer treatment modalities are needed. Tumor-treating fields (TTFs) use low-intensity, intermediate-frequency alternating electric fields with reported cancer anti-mitotic properties. Moreover, nanomedicine is a promising therapy option for cancer. Numerous cancer types have been treated with nanoparticles, but zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) exhibit biocompatibility. Here, we investigate the activity of TTFs, a sub-lethal dose of ZnO NPs, and their combination on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), the colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29), and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The lethal effect of different ZnO NPs concentrations was assessed by sulforhodamine B sodium salt assay (SRB). The cell death percent was determined by flow cytometer, the genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay, and the total antioxidant capacity was chemically measured. Our results show that TTFs alone cause cell death of 14, 8, and 17% of HepG2, HT-29, and MCF-7, respectively; 10 µg/mL ZnO NPs was the sub-lethal dose according to SRB results. The combination between TTFs and sub-lethal ZnO NPs increased the cell death to 29, 20, and 33% for HepG2, HT-29, and MCF-7, respectively, without reactive oxygen species increase. Increasing NPs potency using TTFs can be a novel technique in many biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh M. Shawki
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (A.E.S.); (M.E.M.)
| | - Alaa El Sadieque
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (A.E.S.); (M.E.M.)
- Alexandria University Cancer Research Cluster, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Seham Elabd
- Physiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Maisa E. Moustafa
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (A.E.S.); (M.E.M.)
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Exposure to nanographene oxide induces gene expression dysregulation in normal human astrocytes. Endocr Regul 2022; 56:216-226. [DOI: 10.2478/enr-2022-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. Nanographene oxide, an oxidation derivative of graphene, is considered to be one of the nanomaterials attractive for biomedical applications, although this nanomaterial is toxic. The increasing exploitation of graphene-based materials necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of the potential impact of these materials on the human health. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate in detail the mechanisms of its toxic effect on living cells particularly at the genome level. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of low doses of nanographene oxide on the expression of key regulatory genes in normal human astrocytes.
Methods. Normal human astrocytes, line NHA/TS, were exposed to low doses of nanographene oxide (1 and 4 ng/ml) for 24 h. RNA was extracted from the cells and used for cDNA synthesis. The expression levels of NAMPT, TSPAN13, BCAR3, BRCA1, PTGS2, P4HA1, and P4HA2 mRNAs as well as microRNAs were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Results. It was found that the low doses of nanographene oxide induced a dysregulation in the expression of the key regulatory genes in normal human astrocytes in dose-dependent (1 and 4 ng/ml) and gene-specific manner. Nanographene oxide also strongly suppressed the expression of NAMPT, BCAR3, and TSPAN13 genes and significantly up-regulated BRCA1, PTGS2, P4HA1, and P4HA2 ones with a more significant effect in P4HA1 and P4HA2 genes. The expression of miR-96-5p and miR-145-5p was also down-regulated in astrocytes treated with nanographene oxide in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate that the low doses of nanographene oxide disturbed the genome functions by changing the expression levels of key regulatory genes in gene-specific and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, a higher dose of nanographene oxide induced more pronounced changes in expression of genes indicating for both genotoxic and neurotoxic possible effects in the normal human astrocytes.
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The impact of single walled carbon nanotubes on the expression of microRNA in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Endocr Regul 2022; 56:115-125. [PMID: 35489050 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2022-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are able to cross the blood-brain barrier, penetrate through the cell membrane, and accumulate in the cell nucleus, which purposefully allows their use in the health sciences as imaging probes and drug carriers in the cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low doses of SWCNTs on the expression of microRNAs associated with the cell proliferation and the brain development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Methods. The zebrafish embryos (72 h post fertilization) were exposed to low doses of SWCNTs (2 and 8 ng/ml of medium) for 24 or 72 h. The microRNAs (miR-19, miR-21, miR-96, miR-143, miR-145, miR-182, and miR-206) expression levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results. It was found that low doses of SWCNTs elicited dysregulation in the expression of numerous cell proliferation and brain development-related microRNAs (miR-19, miR-21, miR-96, miR-143, miR-145, miR-182, and miR-206) in dose- (2 and 8 ng/ml of medium) as well as malformations in the zebrafish embryos brain development in a time-dependent (24 and 72 h) manner. Conclusion. Taken together, the present data indicate that the low doses of SWCNTs disturbed the genome functions and reduced the miR-19, miR-21, miR-96, miR-143, miR-145, miR-182, and miR-206 expression levels in dose- and time-dependent manners and interrupted the brain development in the zebrafish embryos indicating for both the genotoxic and the neurotoxic interventions.
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Biosynthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Capsicum chinense Fruit Extract and Their In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Assay. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has garnered wide research interest due to inherent properties such as eco-friendliness, compatibility with substrates, and cost-effectiveness. Here, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were successfully synthesized for the first time using Capsicum chinense fruit extract. The optical property of the green and conventionally synthesized ZnO-NPs was characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer, which exhibited absorption peaks at 302 and 481 nm, respectively, and the morphology of the NPs was analyzed by transmission and scanning electron microscopies (TEM and SEM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies showed that the hexagonal wurtzite phase was obtained, with high crystalline nature, while the electron dispersion X-ray study (EDX) revealed the purity of ZnO-NPs. The cytotoxicity assay of the biosynthesized and conventionally synthesized ZnO-NPs was evaluated using human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) and cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines treated with various concentrations of the ZnO-NPs and they exhibited reasonable activity. Antioxidant activity of the ZnO-NPs was measured using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and the green ZnO-NPs exhibited higher activity compared to conventional ZnO-NPs. These findings proved that aqueous extracts of C. chinense fruit are effective for the biosynthesis of ZnO-NPs with anticancer and antioxidant potential.
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Preparation of Cotton-Zinc Composites by Magnetron Sputtering Metallization and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Properties and Cytotoxicity. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082746. [PMID: 35454445 PMCID: PMC9026216 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the biological properties of cotton-zinc composites. A coating of zinc (Zn) on a cotton fabric was successfully obtained by a DC magnetron sputtering system using a metallic Zn target (99.9%). The new composite was characterized using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), UV/Vis transmittance, and atomic absorption spectrometry with flame excitation (FAAS). The composite was tested for microbial activity against colonies of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Chaetomium globosum fungal mold species as model microorganisms. Cytotoxicity screening of the tested modified material was carried out on BALB/3T3 clone mouse fibroblasts. The SEM/EDS and FAAS tests showed good uniformity of zinc content on a large surface of the composite. The conducted research showed the possibility of using the magnetron sputtering technique as a zero-waste method for producing antimicrobial textile composites.
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Assessing Genotoxicity of Ten Different Engineered Nanomaterials by the Novel Semi-Automated FADU Assay and the Alkaline Comet Assay. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020220. [PMID: 35055238 PMCID: PMC8781421 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Increased engineered nanomaterial (ENM) production and incorporation in consumer and biomedical products has raised concerns about the potential adverse effects. The DNA damaging capacity is of particular importance since damaged genetic material can lead to carcinogenesis. Consequently, reliable and robust in vitro studies assessing ENM genotoxicity are of great value. We utilized two complementary assays based on different measurement principles: (1) comet assay and (2) FADU (fluorimetric detection of alkaline DNA unwinding) assay. Assessing cell viability ruled out false-positive results due to DNA fragmentation during cell death. Potential structure–activity relationships of 10 ENMs were investigated: three silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NP) with varying degrees of porosity, titanium dioxide (TiO2-NP), polystyrene (PS-NP), zinc oxide (ZnO-NP), gold (Au-NP), graphene oxide (GO) and two multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT). SiO2-NPs, TiO2-NP and GO were neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic to Jurkat E6-I cells. Quantitative interference corrections derived from GO results can make the FADU assay a promising screening tool for a variety of ENMs. MWNT merely induced cytotoxicity, while dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity of PS-NP was accompanied by DNA fragmentation. Hence, PS-NP served to benchmark threshold levels of cytotoxicity at which DNA fragmentation was expected. Considering all controls revealed the true genotoxicity for Au-NP and ZnO-NP at early time points.
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Al-Ali AAA, Al-Tamimi SQ, Al-Maliki SJ, Abdullah MA. Toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and histopathological and caspase-9 expression changes in the liver and lung tissues of male mice model. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Govindaraj Sudha K, Ali S, Karunakaran G, Kowsalya M, Kolesnikov E, Gorshenkov MV, Velmurugan T, Prasanna Rajeshkumar M. An eco-friendly production of ZnO NRs using Knema andamanica (Warb) extracts for photocatalytic and anticancer applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Mihailovic V, Katanic Stankovic JS, Selakovic D, Rosic G. An Overview of the Beneficial Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Nanoparticle-Induced Toxicities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7244677. [PMID: 34820054 PMCID: PMC8608524 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7244677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in many products and materials for humans such as electronics, in medicine for drug delivery, as biosensors, in biotechnology, and in agriculture, as ingredients in cosmetics and food supplements. Besides that, NPs may display potentially hazardous properties on human health and the environment as a consequence of their abundant use in life nowadays. Hence, there is increased interest of researchers to provide possible therapeutic agents or dietary supplements for the amelioration of NP-induced toxicity. This review summarizes the new findings in the research of the use of antioxidants as supplements for the prevention and alleviation of harmful effects caused by exposure of organisms to NPs. Also, mechanisms involved in the formation of NP-induced oxidative stress and protective mechanisms using different antioxidant substances have also been elaborated. This review also highlights the potential of naturally occurring antioxidants for the enhancement of the antioxidant defense systems in the prevention and mitigation of organism damage caused by NP-induced oxidative stress. Based on the presented results of the most recent studies, it may be concluded that the role of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of nanoparticle-induced toxicity is unimpeachable. This is particularly important in terms of oxidative stress suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Mihailovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovica 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena S. Katanic Stankovic
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijica bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragica Selakovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gvozden Rosic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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17
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Mihailovic V, Katanic Stankovic JS, Selakovic D, Rosic G. An Overview of the Beneficial Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Nanoparticle-Induced Toxicities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7244677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in many products and materials for humans such as electronics, in medicine for drug delivery, as biosensors, in biotechnology, and in agriculture, as ingredients in cosmetics and food supplements. Besides that, NPs may display potentially hazardous properties on human health and the environment as a consequence of their abundant use in life nowadays. Hence, there is increased interest of researchers to provide possible therapeutic agents or dietary supplements for the amelioration of NP-induced toxicity. This review summarizes the new findings in the research of the use of antioxidants as supplements for the prevention and alleviation of harmful effects caused by exposure of organisms to NPs. Also, mechanisms involved in the formation of NP-induced oxidative stress and protective mechanisms using different antioxidant substances have also been elaborated. This review also highlights the potential of naturally occurring antioxidants for the enhancement of the antioxidant defense systems in the prevention and mitigation of organism damage caused by NP-induced oxidative stress. Based on the presented results of the most recent studies, it may be concluded that the role of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of nanoparticle-induced toxicity is unimpeachable. This is particularly important in terms of oxidative stress suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Mihailovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovica 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena S. Katanic Stankovic
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijica bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragica Selakovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gvozden Rosic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Salehi H, De Diego N, Chehregani Rad A, Benjamin JJ, Trevisan M, Lucini L. Exogenous application of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnSO 4 distinctly influence the metabolic response in Phaseolus vulgaris L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146331. [PMID: 33725605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials-mediated contamination (including the highly reactive metal oxides ZnO nanoparticles) is becoming one of the most concerning issues worldwide. In this study, the toxic effects of two chemical species of Zn (ZnO nanoparticles and bulk ZnSO4) were investigated in bean plants, following either foliar or soil application, at concentrations from 250 to 2000 mg L-1 using biochemical assays, proteomics and metabolomics. The accumulation of Zn in plant tissues depended on the application type, zinc chemical form and concentration, in turn triggering distinctive morphological, physiological, and redox responses. Bean plants were more sensitive to the foliar than to the soil application, and high concentrations of ZnO NP and bulk ZnSO4 determined the highest plant growth inhibition and stress symptoms. However, low dosages of ZnSO4 induced a slight plant growth promotion and better physiological and antioxidative response. Low concentration of Zn leaded to increased activity of stress-related proteins and secondary metabolites with antioxidant capacity, while increasing concentration reached the exhausted phase of the plant stress response, reducing the antioxidant defense system. Such high concentrations increased lipids peroxidation, protein degradation and membranes integrity. Oxidative damage occurred at high concentrations of both chemical species of Zn. Foliar spraying impaired photosynthetic efficiency, while soil applications (especially ZnSO4) elicited antioxidant metabolites and proteins, and impaired chloroplast-related proteins involved in the electron transport chain and ATP production. Taken together, the results highlighted distinctive and nanoparticles-related toxic effects of ZnO in bean, compared to ionic forms of Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Salehi
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Nuria De Diego
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jenifer Joseph Benjamin
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, MS Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Marco Trevisan
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
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Llewellyn SV, Conway GE, Zanoni I, Jørgensen AK, Shah UK, Seleci DA, Keller JG, Kim JW, Wohlleben W, Jensen KA, Costa A, Jenkins GJS, Clift MJD, Doak SH. Understanding the impact of more realistic low-dose, prolonged engineered nanomaterial exposure on genotoxicity using 3D models of the human liver. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:193. [PMID: 34183029 PMCID: PMC8240362 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the continued integration of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into everyday applications, it is important to understand their potential for inducing adverse human health effects. However, standard in vitro hazard characterisation approaches suffer limitations for evaluating ENM and so it is imperative to determine these potential hazards under more physiologically relevant and realistic exposure scenarios in target organ systems, to minimise the necessity for in vivo testing. The aim of this study was to determine if acute (24 h) and prolonged (120 h) exposures to five ENMs (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, BaSO4 and CeO2) would have a significantly different toxicological outcome (cytotoxicity, (pro-)inflammatory and genotoxic response) upon 3D human HepG2 liver spheroids. In addition, this study evaluated whether a more realistic, prolonged fractionated and repeated ENM dosing regime induces a significantly different toxicity outcome in liver spheroids as compared to a single, bolus prolonged exposure. RESULTS Whilst it was found that the five ENMs did not impede liver functionality (e.g. albumin and urea production), induce cytotoxicity or an IL-8 (pro-)inflammatory response, all were found to cause significant genotoxicity following acute exposure. Most statistically significant genotoxic responses were not dose-dependent, with the exception of TiO2. Interestingly, the DNA damage effects observed following acute exposures, were not mirrored in the prolonged exposures, where only 0.2-5.0 µg/mL of ZnO ENMs were found to elicit significant (p ≤ 0.05) genotoxicity. When fractionated, repeated exposure regimes were performed with the test ENMs, no significant (p ≥ 0.05) difference was observed when compared to the single, bolus exposure regime. There was < 5.0% cytotoxicity observed across all exposures, and the mean difference in IL-8 cytokine release and genotoxicity between exposure regimes was 3.425 pg/mL and 0.181%, respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, whilst there was no difference between a single, bolus or fractionated, repeated ENM prolonged exposure regimes upon the toxicological output of 3D HepG2 liver spheroids, there was a difference between acute and prolonged exposures. This study highlights the importance of evaluating more realistic ENM exposures, thereby providing a future in vitro approach to better support ENM hazard assessment in a routine and easily accessible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha V Llewellyn
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Gillian E Conway
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Ilaria Zanoni
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - Amalie Kofoed Jørgensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ume-Kulsoom Shah
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Didem Ag Seleci
- Advanced Materials Research, Department of Material Physics and Analytics, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany.,Advanced Materials Research, Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Johannes G Keller
- Advanced Materials Research, Department of Material Physics and Analytics, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany.,Advanced Materials Research, Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Jeong Won Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- Advanced Materials Research, Department of Material Physics and Analytics, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany.,Advanced Materials Research, Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Costa
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, CNR-ISTEC-National Research Council of Italy, Faenza, Italy
| | - Gareth J S Jenkins
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Shareen H Doak
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
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20
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Zare EN, Zheng X, Makvandi P, Gheybi H, Sartorius R, Yiu CKY, Adeli M, Wu A, Zarrabi A, Varma RS, Tay FR. Nonspherical Metal-Based Nanoarchitectures: Synthesis and Impact of Size, Shape, and Composition on Their Biological Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007073. [PMID: 33710754 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based nanoentities, apart from being indispensable research tools, have found extensive use in the industrial and biomedical arena. Because their biological impacts are governed by factors such as size, shape, and composition, such issues must be taken into account when these materials are incorporated into multi-component ensembles for clinical applications. The size and shape (rods, wires, sheets, tubes, and cages) of metallic nanostructures influence cell viability by virtue of their varied geometry and physicochemical interactions with mammalian cell membranes. The anisotropic properties of nonspherical metal-based nanoarchitectures render them exciting candidates for biomedical applications. Here, the size-, shape-, and composition-dependent properties of nonspherical metal-based nanoarchitectures are reviewed in the context of their potential applications in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, as well as, in regenerative medicine. Strategies for the synthesis of nonspherical metal-based nanoarchitectures and their cytotoxicity and immunological profiles are also comprehensively appraised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuanqi Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Homa Gheybi
- Institute of Polymeric Materials and Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 53318-17634, Iran
| | - Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Cynthia K Y Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68151-44316, Iran
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, 783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Franklin R Tay
- College of Graduate Studies, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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21
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Mahmoud MAM, Yahia D, Abdel-Magiud DS, Darwish MHA, Abd-Elkareem M, Mahmoud UT. Broiler welfare is preserved by long-term low-dose oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles: preliminary study. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:605-620. [PMID: 33792477 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1905099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential public health risk through utilizing of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in food constitutes the major obstacle to the expansion of nanoparticle (NP) in food industry. Liver histology, bone marrow and liver genotoxicity, immunity, and oxidant status were investigated upon long-term ZnO NPs feed supplementation. One hundred and sixty male IR (Indian River) chicks were randomly allocated to one of the four dietary treatments: control, ZnO NPs at 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg for 42 days. This study revealed non-significant hepatic histopathological alterations and DNA damage and the treatment had no influence on body and organ weights, liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation (MDA), IgG, IgM, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). This study suggests that low-dose (< 40 mg/kg diet) long-term ZnO NPs supplementation to broiler chicks has no observed potential adverse effects on normal histology of the liver, blood physiology, immune system, and DNA damage of liver and bone marrows, which are critical features for validating ZnO NPs for use in food. Further studies are required to evaluate the probable withdrawal period of ZnO NPs before approval as a dietary supplement in broiler or livestock diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A M Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Environmental sanitation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doha Yahia
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa S Abdel-Magiud
- Department of Forensic and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
| | - Madeha H A Darwish
- Department of Animal and poultry behavior and management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Usama T Mahmoud
- Department of Animal and poultry behavior and management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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22
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Guimarães ATB, Estrela FN, Pereira PS, de Andrade Vieira JE, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Silva FG, Malafaia G. Toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in Ctenopharyngodon idella juveniles: A genotoxic, mutagenic and cytotoxic perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141937. [PMID: 33207528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increased contamination of surface water with plastic waste is proportional to the increased consumption of products that use them as raw material. However, the impact of these residues on aquatic biota remains limited, mainly when it comes to nanoplastics (NPs). Thus, the aim of the current study is to test the hypothesis that the exposure of Ctenopharyngodon idella juveniles to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs) at low concentrations (0.04 ng/L, 34 ng/L and 34 μg/L), for 20 days, leads to DNA damage and has mutagenic and cytotoxic effects on their erythrocytes. Comet assay enabled observing that DNA damage (inferred from the greater tail length, DNA percentage in the tail and Olive tail moment) induced by PS NPs has increased as the pollutant concentrations have increased, as well as that the formation of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities was equitable in animals exposed to this pollutant. On the other hand, there were significant changes in erythrocyte shape and size, oxidative stress generation (NO levels, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide), antioxidant system inhibition (mediated by total hepatic glutathione) and PS NPs accumulation in the liver and brain of animals exposed to higher concentrations of it. Therefore, the current study has confirmed the initial hypothesis and enhanced the knowledge about the genotoxic, mutagenic and cytotoxic potential of PS NPs in freshwater fish at early developmental stage, relating these effects to biochemical changes and significant accumulation of these nanomaterials. Besides, it is a warning about the (eco) toxicological risk represented by these nanopollutants in aquatic environments. CAPSULE: Polystyrene nanoplastics are capable of inducing DNA damage, mutagenic and cytotoxicity changes in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Guimarães Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil.
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23
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Erratum: Scherzad, A., et al. Molecular Mechanisms of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Genotoxicity Short Running Title: Genotoxicity of ZnO NPs. Materials 2017, 10, 1427. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13235462. [PMID: 33266354 PMCID: PMC7730985 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
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24
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Feidantsis K, Kalogiannis S, Marinoni A, Vasilogianni AM, Gkanatsiou C, Kastrinaki G, Dendrinou-Samara C, Kaloyianni M. Toxicity assessment and comparison of the land snail's Cornu aspersum responses against CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 236:108817. [PMID: 32502603 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to examine the effects of ZnO NPs and CuO NPs on Cornu aspersum land snail, enlightening their cytotoxic profile. ZnO NPs and CuO NPs were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. Α series of concentrations of either ZnO NPs or CuO NPs were administered in the feed of snails for 20 days. Thereafter, neutral red retention assay was conducted, in order to estimate NRRT50 values. Subsequently, snails were fed with NPs concentrations slightly lower than the concentrations that were corresponding to the NRRT50 values, i.e. 3 mg·L-1 ZnO NPs and 6 mg·L-1 CuO NPs, for 1, 5, 10 and 20 days. Both NPs agglomerates were detected in hemocytes by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Moreover, both effectors resulted to toxicity in the snails' hemocytes. The latter was shown by changes in the NRRT50 values, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, DNA integrity loss, protein carbonyl content, ubiquitin conjugates and cleaved caspases conjugates levels compared to the untreated animals. Although ZnO NPs exhibited higher toxicity, as indicated by the NRRT50 values, both NPs affected similarly a wide range of the cellular parameters mentioned above. The latter parameters could constitute sensitive biomarkers in biomonitoring studies of terrestrial environment against nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Kalogiannis
- Department of Sciences of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki 57400, Greece
| | - Angela Marinoni
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Areti-Maria Vasilogianni
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Gkanatsiou
- Inorganic Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Kastrinaki
- Aerosol & Particle Technology Laboratory, CERTH/CPERI, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Catherine Dendrinou-Samara
- Inorganic Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martha Kaloyianni
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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25
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Qin HM, Herrera D, Liu DF, Chen CQ, Nersesyan A, Mišík M, Knasmueller S. Genotoxic properties of materials used for endoprostheses: Experimental and human data. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111707. [PMID: 32889016 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 2 million endoprostheses are implanted annually and metal ions as well as particles are released into the body from the materials which are used. This review describes the results of studies concerning genotoxic damage caused by artificial joints. DNA damage leads to various adverse long-term health effects in humans including cancer. Experiments with mammalian cells showed that metal ions and particles from orthopedic materials cause DNA damage. Induction of chromosomal aberrations (CA) was found in several in vitro experiments and in studies with rodents with metals from orthopedic materials. Human studies focused mainly on induction of CA (7 studies). Only few investigations (4) concerned sister chromatid exchanges, oxidative DNA damage (2) and micronucleus formation (1). CA are a reliable biomarker for increased cancer risks in humans) and were increased in all studies in patients with artificial joints. No firm conclusion can be drawn at present if the effects in humans are due to oxidative stress and if dissolved metal ions or release particles play a role. Our findings indicate that patients with artificial joints may have increased cancer risks due to damage of the genetic material. Future studies should be performed to identify safe materials and to study the molecular mechanisms in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Min Qin
- Hip Surgery of Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, 617000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Denise Herrera
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Borschkegasse 8A, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dian-Feng Liu
- Hip Surgery of Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, 617000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chao-Qian Chen
- Hip Surgery of Orthopedic Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, 617000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Borschkegasse 8A, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miroslav Mišík
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Borschkegasse 8A, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Knasmueller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Borschkegasse 8A, Vienna, Austria.
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Liao C, Jin Y, Li Y, Tjong SC. Interactions of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Mammalian Cells: Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6305. [PMID: 32878253 PMCID: PMC7504403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a state-of-the-art review and analysis of literature studies on the morphological structure, fabrication, cytotoxicity, and photocatalytic toxicity of zinc oxide nanostructures (nZnO) of mammalian cells. nZnO with different morphologies, e.g., quantum dots, nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanotetrapods are toxic to a wide variety of mammalian cell lines due to in vitro cell-material interactions. Several mechanisms responsible for in vitro cytotoxicity have been proposed. These include the penetration of nZnO into the cytoplasm, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that degrade mitochondrial function, induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, and damage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), lipid, and protein molecules. Otherwise, nZnO dissolve extracellularly into zinc ions and the subsequent diffusion of ions into the cytoplasm can create ROS. Furthermore, internalization of nZnO and localization in acidic lysosomes result in their dissolution into zinc ions, producing ROS too in cytoplasm. These ROS-mediated responses induce caspase-dependent apoptosis via the activation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (chop), and phosphoprotein p53 gene expressions. In vivo studies on a mouse model reveal the adverse impacts of nZnO on internal organs through different administration routes. The administration of ZnO nanoparticles into mice via intraperitoneal instillation and intravenous injection facilitates their accumulation in target organs, such as the liver, spleen, and lung. ZnO is a semiconductor with a large bandgap showing photocatalytic behavior under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. As such, photogenerated electron-hole pairs react with adsorbed oxygen and water molecules to produce ROS. So, the ROS-mediated selective killing for human tumor cells is beneficial for cancer treatment in photodynamic therapy. The photoinduced effects of noble metal doped nZnO for creating ROS under UV and visible light for killing cancer cells are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhu Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuming Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Sie Chin Tjong
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Poier N, Hochstöger J, Hackenberg S, Scherzad A, Bregenzer M, Schopper D, Kleinsasser N. Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in HUVEC: Cyto- and Genotoxicity and Functional Impairment After Long-Term and Repetitive Exposure in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4441-4452. [PMID: 32606688 PMCID: PMC7319515 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s246797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study focuses on threshold levels for cytotoxicity after long-term and repetitive exposure for HUVEC as a model for the specific microvascular endothelial system. Furthermore, possible genotoxic effects and functional impairment caused by ZnO NPs in HUVEC are elucidated. Methods Thresholds for cytotoxic effects are determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Annexin V assay. To demonstrate DNA damage, single-cell microgel electrophoresis (comet) assay is performed after exposure to sub-cytotoxic concentrations of ZnO NPs. The proliferation assay, dot blot assay and capillary tube formation assay are also carried out to analyze functional impairment. Results NPs showed to be spherical in shape with an average size of 45–55 nm. Long-term exposure as well as repetitive exposure with ZnO NPs exceeding 25 µg/mL lead to decreased viability in HUVEC. In addition, DNA damage was indicated by the comet assay after long-term and repetitive exposure. Twenty-four hours after long-term exposure, the proliferation assay does not show any difference between negative control and exposed cells. Forty-eight hours after exposure, HUVEC show an inverse concentration-related ability to proliferate. The dot blot assay provides evidence that ZnO NPs lead to a decreased release of VEGF, while capillary tube formation assay shows restriction in the ability of HUVEC to build tubes and meshes as a first step in angiogenesis. Conclusion Sub-cytotoxic concentrations of ZnO NPs lead to DNA damage and functional impairment in HUVEC. Based on these data, ZnO NPs may affect neo-angiogenesis. Further investigation based on tissue cultures is required to elucidate the impact of ZnO NPs on human cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Poier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital, Linz 4021, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Johannes Hochstöger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital, Linz 4021, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bregenzer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Dominik Schopper
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital, Linz 4021, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz 4040, Austria
| | - Norbert Kleinsasser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University Hospital, Linz 4021, Austria.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
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Giordo R, Nasrallah GK, Al-Jamal O, Paliogiannis P, Pintus G. Resveratrol Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Prevents Mitochondrial Damage Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3838. [PMID: 32481628 PMCID: PMC7312482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite their wide industrial use, Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a high toxic potential while concerns of their health-related risks are still present, urging additional in vivo clarification studies. Oxidative stress is recognized as the primary trigger of NP-associated toxicity, suggesting antioxidants as a promising counteractive approach. Here, we investigated the protective effect of the natural antioxidant resveratrol against ZnO NP-induced toxicity in vivo using the zebrafish model. Our findings demonstrate that resveratrol counteracts ZnO NP-induced zebrafish lethality preventing cardiac morphological and functional damage. NP-induced vascular structural abnormalities during embryonic fish development were significantly counteracted by resveratrol treatment. Mechanistically, we further showed that resveratrol inhibits ROS increase, prevents mitochondrial membrane potential dysfunction, and counteracts cell apoptosis/necrosis elicited by ZnO NP. Overall, our data provide further evidence demonstrating the primary role of oxidative stress in NP-induced damage, and highlight new insights concerning the protective mechanism of antioxidants against nanomaterial toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (R.G.); (O.A.-J.)
| | - Gheyath K. Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (R.G.); (O.A.-J.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Ola Al-Jamal
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (R.G.); (O.A.-J.)
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Surgery, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, UAE
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Keerthana S, Kumar A. Potential risks and benefits of zinc oxide nanoparticles: a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:47-71. [PMID: 32186437 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1726282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Keerthana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Burghartz M, Taeger J, Metzger M, Scherzad A, Gehrke T, Ickrath P, Kolb E, Kleinsasser N, Hagen R, Hackenberg S. Investigation of Cellular Function and DNA Integrity during 2D in vitro Culture of Human Salivary Gland Epithelial Cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 208:66-75. [PMID: 32023622 DOI: 10.1159/000505433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro culture of human salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) is still a challenge. A high quantity and quality of cells are needed for the cultivation of 3D matrices. Furthermore, it is known that DNA damage is supposed to be an important factor involved in carcinogenesis. This study investigates cellular function and DNA integrity of human SGEC during 3 passage steps in 2 groups (group 1: n = 10; group 2: n = 9). Cellular function was analyzed by immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). DNA integrity was tested via the comet assay. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR results showed stable α-amylase and pan-cytokeratin levels; TEM revealed functional cells; and no significant DNA damage could be detected in the comet assay during 3 culture steps. The study shows that not only at cellular but also at DNA level human SGEC can be safely quantified over 3 passages for preclinical tissue engineering without loss of differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Burghartz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Taeger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany,
| | - Marco Metzger
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Gehrke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Ickrath
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Kolb
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Kleinsasser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Hagen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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32
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Moatamed ER, Hussein AA, El-Desoky MM, Khayat ZE. Comparative study of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its bulk form on liver function of Wistar rat. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:627-637. [PMID: 31694480 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719878970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are produced in high tonnage each year; they are widely used in consumer and industrial products, also now finding applications in bioimaging and drug delivery. In the present study, comparison between ZnO NPs (39 nm) and its bulk/micron form (particle size = 5 µm) on liver function of rats was determined. In our study, liver enzymes biomarkers, serum lipid profile, zinc concentration, and histopathological examination in liver tissues were used to evaluate liver injury. Moreover, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), nitric oxide, and reduced glutathione levels were determined to detect the oxidation-reduction process in liver tissue. The results showed dose-dependent toxicity of ZnO NPs. Three different dose levels (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg bw) were used, and the 100-mg/kg bw ZnO NPs group showed the most significant changes in liver enzymes and histopathological structure, as well as redox state. The dose of 100 mg/kg bw of ZnO bulk group showed no significant effects on liver function. The study concluded that ZnO NPs caused hepatic impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zakaria El Khayat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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33
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Pereira da Costa Araújo A, Lima VS, Emmanuela de Andrade Vieira J, Mesak C, Malafaia G. First report on the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of Zno nanoparticles in reptiles. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:556-564. [PMID: 31276868 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how human activities affect animal biodiversity is essential to investigations about the biological effects of several pollutants and contaminants dispersed in the environment. This is the case of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), which are emerging pollutants whose effect on reptiles' health is completely unknown. Thus, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the possible damages induced by these NPs in Podocnemis expansa juveniles (Amazon turtle) by using morphological changes of circulating erythrocytes as nuclear toxicity biomarker. The animals were exposed to the intramuscular administration of 440 μg/kg and 440,000 μg/kg of ZnO NPs, for 10 consecutive days. The micronuclei assay and other nuclear abnormalities were performed at the end of the experiment, as well as different morphometric measurements applied to the erythrocytes. Based on the current data, ZnO NPs induced nuclear abnormalities such as micronuclei and binucleation, which are associated with carcinogenic processes and with flaws in the mitotic machinery. The low "nuclear area: erythrocyte area" ratio and larger cytoplasmic area observed for animals exposed to NPs evidenced erythrocytic change induction likely related to negative energy balance/metabolism interferences and/or to oxygen transportation efficiency by erythrocytes. This is the first report on the mutagenic and cytotoxic effect induced by NPs on representatives of a group of reptiles. This outcome suggests that further investigations must focus on better understanding the (eco)toxicological potential of ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Silva Lima
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Julya Emmanuela de Andrade Vieira
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Carlos Mesak
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Biological Research Laboratory, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, GO, Brazil.
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Sharma P, Jang NY, Lee JW, Park BC, Kim YK, Cho NH. Application of ZnO-Based Nanocomposites for Vaccines and Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E493. [PMID: 31561470 PMCID: PMC6835776 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering and application of nanomaterials have recently helped advance various biomedical fields. Zinc oxide (ZnO)-based nanocomposites have become one of the most promising candidates for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, unique physicochemical properties, and cost-effective mass production. In addition, recent advances in nano-engineering technologies enable the generation of ZnO nanocomposites with unique three-dimensional structures and surface characteristics that are optimally designed for in vivo applications. Here, we review recent advances in the application of diverse ZnO nanocomposites, with an especial focus on their development as vaccine adjuvant and cancer immunotherapeutics, as well as their intrinsic properties interacting with the immune system and potential toxic effect in vivo. Finally, we summarize promising proof-of-concept applications as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against infections and cancers. Understanding the nano-bio interfaces between ZnO-based nanocomposites and the immune system, together with bio-effective design of the nanomaterial using nano-architectonic technology, may open new avenues in expanding the biomedical application of ZnO nanocomposites as a novel vaccine platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sharma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Na-Yoon Jang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Jae-Won Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Bum Chul Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
- Research Institute of Engineering and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02481, Korea.
| | - Young Keun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
- Research Institute of Engineering and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02481, Korea.
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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Enescu D, Cerqueira MA, Fucinos P, Pastrana LM. Recent advances and challenges on applications of nanotechnology in food packaging. A literature review. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110814. [PMID: 31520669 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology applied to food and beverage packaging has created enormous interest in recent years, but in the same time there are many controversial issues surrounding nanotechnology and food. The benefits of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in food-contact applications are accompanied by safety concerns due to gaps in understanding of their possible toxicology. In case of incorporation in food contact polymers, the first step to consumer exposure is the transfer of ENPs from the polymer to the food. Hence, to improve understanding of risk and benefit, the key questions are whether nanoparticles can be released from food contact polymers and under which conditions. This review has two main goals. Firstly, it will presents the current advancements in the application of ENPs in food and beverage packaging sector to grant active and intelligent properties. A particular focus will be placed on current demands in terms of risk assessment strategies associated with the use ENPs in food contact materials (FCMs), i.e. up-to-date migration/cytotoxicity studies of ENPs which are partly contradictory. Food matrix effects are often ignored, and may have a pronounced impact on the behaviour of ENPs in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). A standardized food model (SFM) for evaluating the toxicity and fate of ingested ENPs was recently proposed and herein discussed with the aims to offer an overview to the reader. It is therefore clear that further systematic research is needed, which must account for interactions and transformations of ENMs in foods (food matrix effect) and in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that are likely to determine nano-biointeractions. Secondly, the review provides an extensive analysis of present market dynamics on ENPs in food/beverage packaging moving beyond concept to current industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Enescu
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Department Life Sciences, Research Unit: Nano4Food/Food Processing, Av. Mestre Jose Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Miguel A Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Department Life Sciences, Research Unit: Nano4Food/Food Processing, Av. Mestre Jose Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pablo Fucinos
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Department Life Sciences, Research Unit: Nano4Food/Food Processing, Av. Mestre Jose Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lorenzo M Pastrana
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Department Life Sciences, Research Unit: Nano4Food/Food Processing, Av. Mestre Jose Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
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Arasu MV, Madankumar A, Theerthagiri J, Salla S, Prabu S, Kim HS, Al-Dhabi NA, Arokiyaraj S, Duraipandiyan V. Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoflakes anchored carbon nanoplates for antioxidant and anticancer activity in MCF7 cell lines. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:536-540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Zhu S, Gong L, Li Y, Xu H, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials to Eyes: An Important but Neglected Issue. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1802289. [PMID: 31453052 PMCID: PMC6702629 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The production and application of nanomaterials have grown tremendously during last few decades. The widespread exposure of nanoparticles to the public is provoking great concerns regarding their toxicity to the human body. However, in comparison with the extensive studies carried out to examine nanoparticle toxicity to the human body/organs, one especially vulnerable organ, the eye, is always neglected. Although it is a small part of the body, 90% of outside information is obtained via the ocular system. In addition, eyes usually directly interact with the surrounding environment, which may get severer damage from toxic nanoparticles compared to inner organs. Therefore, the study of assessing the potential nanoparticle toxicity to the eyes is of great importance. Here, the recent advance of some representative manufactured nanomaterials on ocular toxicity is summarized. First, a brief introduction of ocular anatomy and disorders related to particulate matter exposure is presented. Following, the factors that may influence toxicity of nanoparticles to the eye are emphasized. Next, the studies of representative manufactured nanoparticles on eye toxicity are summarized and classified. Finally, the limitations that are associated with current nanoparticle-eye toxicity research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Linji Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yijian Li
- Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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Alves MM, Andrade SM, Grenho L, Fernandes MH, Santos C, Montemor MF. Influence of apple phytochemicals in ZnO nanoparticles formation, photoluminescence and biocompatibility for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 101:76-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hou J, Liu H, Zhang S, Liu X, Hayat T, Alsaedi A, Wang X. Mechanism of toxic effects of Nano-ZnO on cell cycle of zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:206-213. [PMID: 31078877 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The release of nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) into the environment may lead to unpredictable risks, thus it is necessary to study its potential harm to organisms. In this study, zebrafish exposed to nano-ZnO were analyzed through cDNA microarrays to provide insight into the toxic effect of nano-ZnO on aquatic organisms at the molecular level. Results found that nano-ZnO inhibited the normal growth and development of zebrafish and other life activities by affecting the process of cell cycle. The nano-ZnO inhibited the expression of the cyclins (Cycs), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and the minichromosome maintenance (MCM), making the activation of Cyc/CDK complexs (CycD/CDK4, 6; CycE/CDK2; CycA/CDK2) and MCM fail and resulting in DNA replication disorder in different periods (G1, M and G2 phase). Therefore, the normal activities of individual organism such as cell division, differentiation and proliferation and the functions of DNA binding and intracellular transfer were disturbed. These findings contribute to our understanding of the toxicity of ZnO NPs to aquatic organisms, and also provide an evaluation basis for assessing the environmental impact of nano materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Haiqiang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Tasawar Hayat
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsaedi
- NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiangke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
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Radeloff K, Radeloff A, Tirado MR, Scherzad A, Hagen R, Kleinsasser NH, Hackenberg S. Long-Term Impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Differentiation and Cytokine Secretion of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12111823. [PMID: 31195623 PMCID: PMC6600967 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely utilized, for example in manufacturing paints and in the cosmetic industry. In addition, there is raising interest in the application of NPs in stem cell research. However, cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects were shown for NPs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ZnO-NPs on cytokine secretion and differentiation properties of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs). Human ASCs were exposed to the subtoxic concentration of 0.2 µg/mL ZnO-NPs for 24 h. After four weeks of cultivation, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation procedures were performed. The multi-differentiation potential was confirmed histologically and using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and caspase 3 was analyzed. Over the course of four weeks after ZnO-NPs exposure, no significant differences were detected in the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and caspase 3 compared to non-exposed cells. The differentiation was also not affected by the ZnO-NPs. These findings underline the fact, that functionality of ASCs is likely to be unaffected by ZnO-NPs, despite a long-term disposition of NPs in the cells, supposing that the starting concentration was safely in the non-toxic range. This might provide important information for single-use nanomedical applications of ZnO-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Radeloff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Carl von Ossietzky-University, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Radeloff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Carl von Ossietzky-University, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Mario Ramos Tirado
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Hagen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Norbert H Kleinsasser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler-University, 4021 Linz, Austria.
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Cardozo TR, De Carli RF, Seeber A, Flores WH, da Rosa JAN, Kotzal QSG, Lehmann M, da Silva FR, Dihl RR. Genotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: an in vivo and in silico study. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:277-286. [PMID: 30997027 PMCID: PMC6430083 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00255j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are being used worldwide in consumer products and industrial applications. Based on predefined pathways, this study synthesized and characterized the nanostructures of ZnO NPs. The genotoxic effects of these nanomaterials were evaluated using a short-term in vivo bioassay, the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. In addition, a systems biology approach was used to search for known and predicted interaction networks between ZnO and proteins. The results observed in this study after in vivo exposure indicate that ZnO NPs are genotoxic and that homologous recombination (HR) was the main mechanism inducing loss of heterozygosis in the somatic cells of D. melanogaster. The results of in silico analysis indicated that ZnO is associated with the nuclear factor-kappa-beta (NFKB) protein family. In accordance with this model, ZnO exposure decreases the levels of NFKB inhibitory protein in the cell, consequently increasing NFKB dimers in the nucleus and inducing DNA double strand breaks (DSB) repair via HR. This excess level of HR can be observed in the SMART results. Assessing the mutagenic/recombinagenic effect of nanomaterials is essential in the development of strategies to protect human and environmental integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane R Cardozo
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity , Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: + 55 51 34779219
- Federal University of Pampa - Research Group on Nanostructured Materials , Campus Bagé , RS , Brazil
| | - Raíne F De Carli
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity , Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: + 55 51 34779219
| | - Allan Seeber
- Federal University of Pampa - Research Group on Nanostructured Materials , Campus Bagé , RS , Brazil
| | - Wladimir H Flores
- Federal University of Pampa - Research Group on Nanostructured Materials , Campus Bagé , RS , Brazil
| | - Jordana A N da Rosa
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity , Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: + 55 51 34779219
| | - Queila S G Kotzal
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity , Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: + 55 51 34779219
| | - Mauricio Lehmann
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity , Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: + 55 51 34779219
| | - Fernanda R da Silva
- La Salle University , Master's Degree in Environmental Impact Evaluation , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Rafael R Dihl
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity , Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health , Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA) , Canoas , RS , Brazil . ; ; Tel: + 55 51 34779219
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Baskoutas S. Special Issue: Zinc Oxide Nanostructures: Synthesis and Characterization. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11060873. [PMID: 29882870 PMCID: PMC6025422 DOI: 10.3390/ma11060873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide band gap semiconductor with an energy gap of 3.37 eV at room temperature. It has been used considerably for its catalytic, electrical, optoelectronic, and photochemical properties. ZnO nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, nanorods, and nanowires, have been intensively investigated for their important properties. Many methods have been described in the literature for the production of ZnO nanostructures, such as laser ablation, hydrothermal methods, electrochemical deposition, sol⁻gel methods, Chemical Vapour Deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, the common thermal evaporation method, and the soft chemical solution method. The present Special Issue is devoted to the Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO nanostructures with novel technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Baskoutas
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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