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Kim KA, Tran NKS, Baek J, Lee S, Kang KS, Kim KH. Proanthocyanidins and Phenolic Compounds from the Twigs of Salix chaenomeloides and Their Anti-Lipogenic Effects on 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. Nutrients 2024; 16:1036. [PMID: 38613069 PMCID: PMC11013749 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated potential bioactive natural products from the EtOH extract of Salix chaenomeloides twigs using column chromatography, leading to the isolation of six compounds (1-6), which were characterized as two proanthocyanidins, procyanidin B2 (1) and procyanidin B1 (2), and four phenolic compounds, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid β-D-glucosyl ester (3), di-O-methylcrenatin (4), p-coumaric acid glucoside (5), and syringin (6) by the comparison of their NMR spectra with the reported data and high-resolution (HR)-electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) analysis. We investigated the potential of six compounds (1-6) to inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, which showed that the compounds (1-6) significantly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without affecting cell proliferation. Notably, compound 1 demonstrated a remarkable 60% and 90% reduction in lipid levels with 50 and 100 µM treatments, respectively. Oil Red O staining results indicated that compound 1 significantly inhibits the formation of lipid droplets, comparable to the effect of T863, an inhibitor of triglyceride used as a positive control, in adipocytes. Compound 1 had no effect on the regulators PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBF1 of adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, but compound 1 activated the fatty acid oxidation regulator, PPARα, compared to the lipogenic-induced control. It also suppressed fatty acid synthesis by downregulating the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS). Finally, compound 1 induced the mRNA and protein levels of CPT1A, an initial marker of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in 3T3-L1. This finding substantiates the anti-lipogenic and lipolytic effects of procyanidin B2 (1) in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, emphasizing its pivotal role in modulating obesity-related markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.A.K.); (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | | | - Jiwon Baek
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.A.K.); (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Soah Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.A.K.); (J.B.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (K.A.K.); (J.B.); (S.L.)
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Kim KA, Kang DM, Ko YJ, Ra MJ, Jung SM, Yu JN, Ahn MJ, Kim KH. Chaenomelin, a New Phenolic Glycoside, and Anti- Helicobacter pylori Phenolic Compounds from the Leaves of Salix chaenomeloides. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:701. [PMID: 38475547 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Salix chaenomeloides Kimura, commonly known as pussy willow, is a deciduous shrub and tree belonging to the Salicaceae family. The genus Salix spp. has been known as a healing herb for the treatment of fever, inflammation, and pain relief. The current study aimed to investigate the potential bioactive natural products from S. chaenomeloides leaves and evaluate their antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori. A phytochemical investigation of the ethanol (EtOH) extract of S. chaenomeloides leaves led to the isolation of 13 phenolic compounds (1-13) from the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction, which showed antibacterial activity against H. pylori strain 51. The chemical structure of a new phenolic glycoside, chaenomelin (1), was established by a detailed analysis of 1D and 2D (1H-1H correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC), and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC)) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESIMS), and chemical reactions. The other known compounds were identified as 5-O-trans-p-coumaroyl quinic acid methyl ester (2), tremulacin (3), citrusin C (4), benzyl 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxybenzoate (5), tremuloidin (6), 1-[O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]oxy-2-phenol (7), arbutin cinnamate (8), tremulacinol (9), catechol (10), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), kaempferol 3-rutinoside (12), and narcissin (13), based on the comparison of their NMR spectra with the reported data and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against H. pylori strain 51. Among the isolates, 1-[O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]oxy-2-phenol (7) and arbutin cinnamate (8) exhibited antibacterial activity against H. pylori strain 51, with inhibitions of 31.4% and 33.9%, respectively, at a final concentration of 100 μM. These results were comparable to that of quercetin (38.4% inhibition), which served as a positive control. Generally, these findings highlight the potential of the active compounds 7 and 8 as antibacterial agents against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- Laboratory of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities (NCIRF), Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Jin Ra
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, Hongcheon-gun 25142, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Jung
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, Hongcheon-gun 25142, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Nam Yu
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Jang YS, Lee DE, Hong JH, Kim KA, Kim B, Cho YR, Ra MJ, Jung SM, Yu JN, An S, Kim KH. Phytochemical Investigation of Marker Compounds from Indigenous Korean Salix Species and Their Antimicrobial Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:104. [PMID: 36616234 PMCID: PMC9824127 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Salix species, including willow trees, are distributed in the temperate regions of Asian countries, including South Korea. Willow trees are used to treat pain and inflammatory diseases. Due to the medicinal properties of willow trees, pharmacological studies of other Salix spp. have gained attention; however, only a few studies have investigated the phytochemicals of these species. As part of our ongoing natural product research to identify bioactive phytochemicals and elucidate their chemical structures from natural resources, we investigated the marker compounds from indigenous Korean Salix species, namely, Salix triandra, S. chaenomeloides, S. gracilistyla, S. koriyanagi, S. koreensis, S. pseudolasiogyne, S. caprea, and S. rorida. The ethanolic extract of each Salix sp. was investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with thin-layer chromatography and liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry-based analysis, and marker compounds of each Salix sp. were isolated. The chemical structures of the marker compounds (1−8), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2-O-acetylsalicin (2), 1-O-p-coumaroyl glucoside (3), picein (4), isograndidentatin B (5), 2′-O-acetylsalicortin (6), dihydromyricetin (7), and salicin (8) were elucidated via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a G6545B Q-TOF MS system with a dual electrospray ionization source. The identified marker compounds 1−8 were examined for their antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Dihydromyricetin (7) exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, inducing 32.4% inhibition at a final concentration of 125 μg/mL with an MIC50 value of 250 μg/mL. Overall, this study isolated the marker compounds of S. triandra, S. chaenomeloides, S. gracilistyla, S. koriyanagi, S. koreensis, S. pseudolasiogyne, S. caprea, and S. rorida and identified the anti-Staphylococcus aureus bacterial compound dihydromyricetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Seo Jang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Eun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ah Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Rang Cho
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Jin Ra
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, Hongcheon-gun 25142, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Jung
- Hongcheon Institute of Medicinal Herb, Hongcheon-gun 25142, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Nam Yu
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongpil An
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Hamdan DI, Tawfeek N, El-Shiekh RA, Khalil HMA, Mahmoud MY, Bakr AF, Zaafar D, Farrag N, Wink M, El-Shazly AM. Salix subserrata Bark Extract-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Attenuate Neurotoxicity Induced by Sodium Arsenate in Rats in Relation with HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS Profile. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 24:15. [PMID: 36522541 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollution is a worldwide environmental risk. Arsenic (As) is an environmental pollutant with a major health concern due to its toxic effects on multiple body organs, including the brain. Humans are exposed to As through eating contaminated food and water or via skin contact. Salix species (willow) are plants with medicinal efficacy. Salix subserrata Willd bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SBE.CNPs) was formulated, characterized, and evaluated against As-induced neurotoxicity. The stem bark was selected for nanoparticle formulation based on HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS profiling and in vitro antioxidant assessment using free radical scavenging activity. SBE.CNPs demonstrated an average un-hydrated diameter of 193.4 ± 24.5 nm and zeta potential of + 39.6 ± 0.4 mV with an encapsulation efficiency of 83.7 ± 4.3%. Compared to As-intoxicated rats, SBE.CNP-treated rats exhibited anxiolytic activity and memory-boosting as evidenced in open field test, light-dark activity box, and Y-maze. Also, it increased the antioxidant biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase associated with reducing the malondialdehyde levels and apoptotic activity. Besides this, SBE.CNPs maintained the brain architecture and downregulated both nuclear factor-kappa B and heme oxygenase-1 expression. These results suggest that SBE.CNP administration showed promising potent neuroprotective and antioxidative efficiencies against arsenic-induced oxidative threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daila I Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, 32511, Egypt.
| | - Nora Tawfeek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini st., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Heba M A Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaa F Bakr
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Dalia Zaafar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Information and Technology, El Mokattam, Egypt
| | - Nawaal Farrag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Assem Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, 44813 El Saleheya El Gadida, El Saleheya, Egypt
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Bioactive Phytochemicals from Salix pseudolasiogyne Twigs: Anti-Adipogenic Effect of 2'- O-Acetylsalicortin in 3T3-L1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912006. [PMID: 36233307 PMCID: PMC9570486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salix pseudolasiogyne (Salicaceae) is a willow tree and has been used as a medicinal herb in Korea to treat pain and fever. As a part of an ongoing study to identify bioactive natural products, potential anti-adipogenic compounds were investigated using the ethanol (EtOH) extract of S. pseudolasiogyne twigs. Phytochemical investigation of the EtOH extracts using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) led to the separation of two compounds, oregonin (1) and 2'-O-acetylsalicortin (2). The structures of the isolates were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and LC/MS analysis. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report identifying oregonin (1) in twigs of S. pseudolasiogyne. Here, we found that the isolated compounds, oregonin (1) and 2'-O-acetylsalicortin (2), showed anti-adipogenic effects during 3T3-L1 cell differentiation. Notably, 2'-O-acetylsalicortin (2), at a concentration of 50 µM, significantly suppressed lipid accumulation. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of lipogenic and adipogenic transcription factors were reduced in 2'-O-acetylsalicortin (2)-treated 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that 2'-O-acetylsalicortin (2), isolated from S. pseudolasiogyne twigs, has the potential to be applied as a therapeutic agent to effectively control adipocyte differentiation, a critical stage in the progression of obesity.
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Tawfeek N, Mahmoud MF, Hamdan DI, Sobeh M, Farrag N, Wink M, El-Shazly AM. Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Medicinal Uses of Plants of the Genus Salix: An Updated Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:593856. [PMID: 33643045 PMCID: PMC7908037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.593856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Willows (genus Salix), with more than 330–500 species and 200 hybrids, are trees, shrubs or prostrate plants that are widely distributed in Africa, North America, Europe, and Asia. The genus is traditionally used in folk medicine and represents a valuable source of biologically active compounds among them salicin, a prodrug for salicylic acid. Altogether, 322 secondary metabolites were characterized in the genus including flavonoids 94) (flavonols, flavones, flavanones, isoflavones, flavan-3-ols (catechins and procyanidins), chalcones, dihydrochalcone, anthocyanins, dihydroflavonols), phenolic glycosides (76), organic acids (28), and non-phenolic glycosides (17), sterols and terpenes (17), simple phenolics 13) and lignans 7) in addition to volatiles and fatty acids (69). Furthermore, willows exert analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiobesity, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective activities. The current review provides an updated summary of the importance of willows, their chemical composition and pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Tawfeek
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Dalia I Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Nawaal Farrag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Assem M El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Zhu W, Qiu J, Zeng YR, Yi P, Lou HY, Jian JY, Zuo MX, Duan L, Gu W, Huang LJ, Li YM, Yuan CM, Hao XJ. Cytotoxic phenolic constituents from Hypericum japonicum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 164:33-40. [PMID: 31071600 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed compounds, including five xanthone derivatives, two flavonoids, one 2-pyrone derivative, and one undescribed naturally occurring compound, along with 30 known phenolic compounds, were isolated from Hypericum japonicum. In addition, hyperjaponols A and B were identified as racemates. The structures and absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds were determined by comprehensive MS, NMR spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The cytotoxic effects of the isolated compounds on two human tumour cell lines (HEL and MDA-MB-231) were evaluated by the MTT assay. Eighteen compounds showed good inhibitory activities against the HEL cell line, with IC50 values of 3.53-18.7 μM, while nine compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 4.92 to 10.75 μM. Their preliminary structure-activity relationship of the isolated compounds was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Jie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Yan-Rong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Hua-Yong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Jun-You Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Ming-Xing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lian Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lie-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, And Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Pal S, Kumar P, Ramakrishna E, Kumar S, Porwal K, Kumar B, Arya KR, Maurya R, Chattopadhyay N. Extract and fraction of Cassia occidentalis L. (a synonym of Senna occidentalis) have osteogenic effect and prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:8-18. [PMID: 30703497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cassia occidentalis L., a synonym of Senna occidentalis (belongs to Caesalpiniaceae family) is an annual plant. Pursuing a lead from a folk practice prevalent since the late nineteenth century in Andhra Pradesh, a Southern state of India, of use of Cassia occidentalis leaf and stem for treating patients with fracture and bone diseases, we have not only confirmed its fracture healing activity but also demonstrated efficacy in preventing glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO), the commonest form of medication-induced bone loss caused chiefly due to impairment of bone formation. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present work, the effects of extract and fraction of leaf and stem of Cassia occidentalis was investigated in fracture healing and GIO models of rat. The study also aimed to identify osteogenic compounds from this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extracts from leaf and stem of Cassia occidentalis were prepared and their efficacy tested in rat femur osteotomy (fracture healing) model. Subsequently, a butanolic fraction was prepared and osteogenic efficacy compared with the ethanolic extract, and upon finding the former to be more potent, its osteogenic effect was studied in details in GIO model. Chemical finger-printing and isolation of ten pure compounds were done to assess their osteogenic effect in rat primary osteoblast cultures. RESULTS Ethanolic extract of stem was more effective than the leaf extract in enhancing bone regeneration at the site of osteotomy. Further, butanolic fraction of the ethanolic extract of stem was more effective than the later in bone regeneration at the femur osteotomy site and in preventing bone loss in GIO model. The mechanism of skeletal preservation involved stimulation of new bone formation and inhibition of bone resorption. As many as six osteogenic compounds were isolated out of which apigenin-6C-glucopyranoside was most effective in vitro. CONCLUSION Our study found that a standardized extract of an ethanolic extract and its butanolic fraction from the stem of Cassia occidentalis has osteogenic as well as anti-resorptive effects, resulting in the protection against glucocorticoid-induced bone loss. Our results contribute towards validation of the traditional use of Cassia occidentalis in fracture healing and also suggest its beneficial use in GIO for which clinical trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Padam Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | | | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | | | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-CDRI, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Noleto-Dias C, Wu Y, Bellisai A, Macalpine W, Beale MH, Ward JL. Phenylalkanoid Glycosides (Non-Salicinoids) from Wood Chips of Salix triandra × dasyclados Hybrid Willow. Molecules 2019; 24:E1152. [PMID: 30909533 PMCID: PMC6470679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salix triandra (almond leaved willow) is an established crop, grown in coppicing regimes for basket-making materials. It is known as a source of non-salicinoid phenolic glycosides, such as triandrin and salidroside. A spontaneous natural hybrid of S. triandra and S. dasyclados was subjected to metabolite profiling by high resolution LC-MS, and 22 phenolic glycosides, including 18 that are new to the Salicaceae, were identified. Structures were determined by HPLC isolation and NMR methods. The hybridisation process has introduced novel chemistry into the Salix phenolic glycoside palette, in particular, the ability to generate disaccharide conjugates where the glycosyl group is further extended by a range of sugars, including apiose, rhamnose, xylose, and arabinose. Also of note is the appearance of chavicol derivatives, also not previously seen in Salix spp. The work demonstrates the plasticity of the phenolic glycoside biosynthetic pathway, and the potential to improve established crops such as S. triandra and S. dasyclados, via high-value metabolites, for both basketry and bioenergy markets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanqi Wu
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Alice Bellisai
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - William Macalpine
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Michael H Beale
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Jane L Ward
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
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10
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Huang HC, Chien SC, Kuo CC, Wu MD, Cheng MJ, Chen JJ, Chiu HL, Kuo YH. Two new diprenylated flavanones from Derris laxiflora Benth. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:2101-2108. [PMID: 30856010 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1576039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical reinvestigation on the whole plants of Derris laxiflora Benth. afforded two new diprenylated flavanones, derriflavanones B and C (1-2), together with thirty-two known compounds, including sixteen flavonoids (3-18), eleven aromatic compounds (19-29), and five chlorophylls (30-34). All known compounds were first isolated from this plant. The structures of these compounds were determined by analysis of the NMR spectroscopy, mass data, IR spectra, UV spectra, optical rotation and by comparison with literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chi Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Chien
- Experimental Forest Management Office, National Chung-Hsiung University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chuan Kuo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Wu
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Cheng
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jung Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Nguyen TH, Nguyen MT, Doan CT, Tran TN, Lin ZH, Nguyen QV, Kuo YH, Nguyen AD. Novel Potent Hypoglycemic Compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. and Their Effect on Reducing Plasma Glucose in an ICR Mouse Model. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081928. [PMID: 30072618 PMCID: PMC6222451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors (aGIs) have been used as an effective therapy for type-2 diabetes, which remains a global health issue. The aim of this study was to achieve bioactivity-guided isolation, identification and evaluation of hypoglycemic compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. trunk bark (ELCTB). Eleven active compounds were isolated and identified as walterolactone A/B β-d-pyranoglucoside (1), 1-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene (9), (−)-gallocatechin (10), schweinfurthinol 9-O-β-d-pyranoglucoside (11), 1-O-(3-methyl)-butenoyl-myo-inositol (12), leonuriside (14), (+)-catechin (19), methyl galloate (20), (−)-catechin (23), and condensed tannins (5 and 18). Of these 11, novel 4 compounds (1, 11, 12, and 14) were found as new α-glucosidase inhibitors. Notably, in vitro results indicated that compounds 1, 5, 10–12, 18, and 19 showed potent activity (IC50 = 0.076−31 µg/mL), and their activities were at a higher level than that of acarbose, a commercial inhibitor (IC50 = 1345 µg/mL). In animal tests, the major inhibitor, condensed tannin (18), demonstrated significant reduction of plasma glucose in mice with no symptoms of diarrhea at the dose of 100 mg/kg bw. The results suggest that Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. is a rich source of bioactive compounds for development as health food or drugs with potent hypoglycemic effect. The results of this study also enriched the current novel biological activities of constituents from Euonymus laxiflorus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Thi Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Minh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Quang Vinh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
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12
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Choi WH, Jang YJ, Son HJ, Ahn J, Jung CH, Ha TY. Apigenin inhibits sciatic nerve denervation–induced muscle atrophy. Muscle Nerve 2018; 58:314-318. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Hee Choi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gun Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gun Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gun Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gun Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gun Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research Division, Korea Food Research InstituteWanju‐gun Republic of Korea
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13
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Columba-Palomares MFMC, Villareal DML, Acevedo Quiroz MCME, Marquina Bahena MCS, Álvarez Berber DLP, Rodríguez-López DV. Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of Bursera copallifera. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S322-8. [PMID: 26664022 PMCID: PMC4653344 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.166067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The plant species Bursera copallifera (DC) bullock is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation. The leaves of this plant can be prepared as an infusion to treat migraines, bronchitis, and dental pain Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of organic extracts from the stems, stem bark, and leaves of B. copallifera, which was selected based on the knowledge of its traditional use. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the ability of extracts to inhibit mouse ear inflammation in response to topical application of 12-O tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. The extracts with anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated for their inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxic activities of the organic extracts were evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay. Results: The hydroalcoholic extract of the stems (HAS) exhibited an anti-inflammatory activity of 54.3% (0.5 mg/ear), whereas the anti-inflammatory activity of the dichloromethane-methanol extract from the leaves (DMeL) was 55.4% at a dose of 0.1 mg/ear. Methanol extract from the leaves (MeL) showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 = 4.4 μg/mL), hydroalcoholic extract of leaves, and DMeL also reduce the enzyme activity, (IC50 = 6.5 μg/mL, IC50 = 5.7 μg/mL), respectively, from stems HAS exhibit activity at the evaluated concentrations (IC50 =6.4 μg/mL). The hydroalcoholic extract of the stems exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF7, IC50 = 0.90 μg/mL), whereas DMeL exhibited an IC50 value of 19.9 μg/mL. Conclusion: In conclusion, extracts from leaves and stems inhibited cyclooxygenase-1, which is the target enzyme for nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs, and some of these extracts demonstrated substantial antiproliferative effects against the MCF7 cell line. These results validate the traditional use of B. copallifera.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dra María L Villareal
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Plantas Medicinales, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001 Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - M C Macdiel E Acevedo Quiroz
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Plantas Medicinales, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001 Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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14
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Sabudak T, Demirkiran O, Ozturk M, Topcu G. Phenolic compounds from Trifolium echinatum Bieb. and investigation of their tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 96:305-11. [PMID: 24070617 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Two bischromones, 3,3'-dimethoxy-2'-oxychromone (1), 3,3'-dihydroxy-2,2'-oxychromone (2) and a biflavone, 5,7,4',5″,3'",4″″-hexahydroxy-3″-O-β-glucosyl-3',7″-O-biflavone (3) have been isolated from whole plant of Trifolium echinatum Bieb. together with five known flavonoids. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analysis as well as HRESIMS. The isolated compounds were investigated for their antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Highly potent inhibition was found for compounds 1 (IC50=0.41 mM), 5 (IC50=0.47 mM) and 8 (IC50=0.45 mM) compared to those of standard tyrosinase inhibitors kojic acid (IC50=0.67 mM) and l-mimosine (IC50=0.64 mM). The antioxidative effect of the extracts was determined by using β-carotene-linoleic acid, DPPH scavenging, ABTS(+) scavenging, and CUPRAC assays. The experimental findings indicated that the compounds 2 and 8 were found to be active in radical scavenging and CUPRAC assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temine Sabudak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Namik Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdag, Turkey.
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15
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Li W, Shi LL, Han LQ, Zhang J. Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of salicin and eight flavonoids in leaves ofSalix MatsudanaKoidz. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.25.2013.4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Salicortin-derivatives from Salix pseudo-lasiogyne twigs inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells via modulation of C/EBPα and SREBP1c dependent pathway. Molecules 2013; 18:10484-96. [PMID: 23999723 PMCID: PMC6269758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is reported to be associated with excessive growth of adipocyte mass tissue as a result of increases in the number and size of adipocytes differentiated from preadipocytes. To search for anti-adipogenic phytochemicals, we screened for inhibitory activities of various plant sources on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Among the sources, a methanolic extract of Salix pseudo-lasiogyne twigs (Salicaceae) reduced lipid accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. During our search for anti-adipogenic constituents from S. pseudo-lasiogyne, five salicortin derivatives isolated from an EtOAc fraction of this plant and bearing 1-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-cyclohexene-carboxylate moieties, namely 2′,6′-O-acetylsalicortin (1), 2′-O-acetylsalicortin (2), 3′-O-acetylsalicortin (3), 6′-O-acetylsalicortin (4), and salicortin (5), were found to significantly inhibit adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. In particular, 2′,6′-O-acetylsalicortin (1) had the most potent inhibitory activity on adipocyte differentiation, with an IC50 value of 11.6 μM, and it significantly down-regulated the expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1c). Furthermore, 2′,6′-O-acetylsalicortin (1) suppressed mRNA expression levels of C/EBPβ during the early stage of adipocyte differentiation and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD-1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression, target genes of SREBP1c. In the present study, we demonstrate that the anti-adipogenesis mechanism of 2′,6′-O-acetylsalicortin (1) may be mediated via down-regulation of C/EBPα and SREBP1c dependent pathways. Through their anti-adipogenic activity, salicortin derivatives may be potential novel therapeutic agents against obesity.
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17
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Jin M, Son KH, Chang HW. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside Suppresses Leukotriene C4 Production and Degranulation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases and Phospholipase C.GAMMA.1 in Activated Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Mast Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:1032-6. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University
| | - Kun Ho Son
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University
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18
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Vermaak I, Viljoen AM, Hamman JH. Natural products in anti-obesity therapy. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1493-533. [DOI: 10.1039/c1np00035g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel C Veitch
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW93AB, UK.
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20
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Jin M, Yang JH, Lee E, Lu Y, Kwon S, Son KH, Son JK, Chang HW. Antiasthmatic activity of luteolin-7-O-glucoside from Ailanthus altissima through the downregulation of T helper 2 cytokine expression and inhibition of prostaglandin E2 production in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 32:1500-3. [PMID: 19721222 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that an ethanol extract of Ailanthus altissima has antiinflammatory activity in an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized murine asthmatic model. To determine the biological compounds from this plant, luteolin-7-O-glucoside (L7G) was isolated and its antiasthmatic activity was evaluated in an in vivo murine asthmatic model. L7G (10 to 100 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)) reduced the amount of eosinophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in a dose-dependent manner. In comparison, dexamethasone (5 mg/kg, p.o.), which was used as a positive control, also strongly inhibited the number of infiltrating eosinophils. L7G inhibited both the prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and serum immunoglobulin E level in BAL fluid in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, L7G inhibited the transcript profiles of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 mRNA expression levels in the murine asthma model, as determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These results suggest that the antiasthmatic activity of L7G in OVA-induced lung inflammation may occur in part via the downregulation of T helper 2 cytokine transcripts as well as the inhibition of PGE(2) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Jin
- Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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21
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Ruan CC, Liu Z, Li X, Liu X, Wang LJ, Pan HY, Zheng YN, Sun GZ, Zhang YS, Zhang LX. Isolation and characterization of a new ginsenoside from the fresh root of Panax Ginseng. Molecules 2010; 15:2319-25. [PMID: 20428044 PMCID: PMC6257298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15042319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new saponin, malonylginsenoside Ra3, was isolated from the fresh root of Panax ginseng, along with four known ginsenosides. The new compound was identified as (20S)-protopanaxadiol-3-O-(6-O-malonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside-20-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR as well as HRESI-MS spectroscopic data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chun Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Modernization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (C.C.R.); (Z.L.); (G.Z.S.)
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (L.J.W.); (Y.N.Z.)
| | - Zhi Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Modernization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (C.C.R.); (Z.L.); (G.Z.S.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Center, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, S7N 0X2, SK, Canada; E-Mail: (X.L.)
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China; E-Mail: (H.Y.P.)
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (L.J.W.); (Y.N.Z.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (X.L.); (L.X.Z.)
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (L.J.W.); (Y.N.Z.)
| | - Hong-Yu Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China; E-Mail: (H.Y.P.)
| | - Yi-Nan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (L.J.W.); (Y.N.Z.)
| | - Guang-Zhi Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Modernization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (C.C.R.); (Z.L.); (G.Z.S.)
| | - Yan-Sheng Zhang
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; E-Mail: (Y.S.Z.)
| | - Lian-Xue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; E-Mails: (L.J.W.); (Y.N.Z.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (X.L.); (L.X.Z.)
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