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Wayakanon P, Narakaew T, Wayakanon K. Effects of various beverages on characteristics of provisional restoration materials. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e842. [PMID: 38597122 PMCID: PMC11004904 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of common beverages on four currently used provisional restoration materials: Protemp®4, Integrity®, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) block, and acrylic resin. Flowable resin composite is included as a control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Each material was formed into disks of 10-mm diameter and 4-mm thickness (N = 40) by loading the material into acrylic molds. The exposed surface in the mold was covered using a glass slide to prevent an oxygen inhibition layer, and polymerization then proceeded. The solidified disks were placed in distilled water for 24 h. These samples (n = 8) were then immersed for 14 days in one of four different beverages: water, orange juice, cola, and coffee. Changes in color dimension, hardness, and roughness were observed and then analyzed using two-way repeated analysis of variance. RESULTS The provisional materials had more obvious changes in all three color dimensions than the flowable resin composite. Integrity showed the biggest changes, followed by acrylic resin and PMMA block, whereas Protemp had the smallest changes. The hardness of all the materials significantly decreased after immersion in any of the beverages for 14 days. There were no changes in surface roughness when the materials were immersed in distilled water. The surface roughness of the PMMA block significantly decreased in orange juice whereas that of Integrity and acrylic resin significantly increased in cola. CONCLUSION Different kinds of provisional materials had different degrees of staining due to their composition. Moisture had a significant influence on the hardness of materials, and the acidity of cola significantly roughened the surface of the provisional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praween Wayakanon
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of DentistryNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand
| | - Teeraphan Narakaew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand
| | - Kornchanok Wayakanon
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand
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2
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de Oliveira AP, Chase W, Confer MP, Walker S, Baghel D, Ghosh A. Colocalization of β-Sheets and Carotenoids in Aβ Plaques Revealed with Multimodal Spatially Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:33-44. [PMID: 38124262 PMCID: PMC10851346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of amyloid β(Aβ) peptides is at the heart of Alzheimer's disease development and progression. As a result, amyloid aggregates have been studied extensively in vitro, and detailed structural information on fibrillar amyloid aggregates is available. However, forwarding these structural models to amyloid plaques in the human brain is still a major challenge. The chemistry of amyloid plaques, particularly in terms of the protein secondary structure and associated chemical moieties, remains poorly understood. In this report, we use Raman microspectroscopy to identify the presence of carotenoids in amyloid plaques and demonstrate that the abundance of carotenoids is correlated with the overall protein secondary structure of plaques, specifically to the population of β-sheets. While the association of carotenoids with plaques has been previously identified, their correlation with the β structure has never been identified. To further validate these findings, we have used optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy, which is a spatially resolved technique that yields complementary infrared contrast to Raman. O-PTIR unequivocally demonstrates the presence of elevated β-sheets in carotenoid-containing plaques and the lack of β structure in noncarotenoid plaques. Our findings underscore the potential link between anti-inflammatory species as carotenoids to specific secondary structural motifs within Aβ plaques and highlight the possible role of chemically distinct plaques in neuroinflammation, which can uncover new mechanistic insights and lead to new therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William Chase
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
| | - Matthew P. Confer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Savannah Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
| | - Divya Baghel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
| | - Ayanjeet Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
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3
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Fuentes-Cardenas IS, Cuba-Puma R, Marcilla-Truyenque S, Begazo-Gutiérrez H, Zolla G, Fuentealba C, Shetty K, Ranilla LG. Diversity of the Peruvian Andean maize ( Zea mays L.) race Cabanita: Polyphenols, carotenoids, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and physical characteristics. Front Nutr 2022; 9:983208. [PMID: 36225880 PMCID: PMC9549777 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.983208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The high diversity of the Peruvian Andean maize (Zea mays L.) represents a biological and genetic heritage relevant for food security, but few studies are targeted toward its characterization and consequent valorization and preservation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the Peruvian Andean maize race Cabanita with respect to its bioactive profiles (free and bound phenolic and carotenoid composition), physical characteristics, and in vitro antioxidant properties. Maize landraces with variable kernel pigmentation were collected from two provinces (Caylloma and Castilla) within the Arequipa region (among ten Andean sites) and the phytochemical profile was evaluated by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD). All maize samples were important sources of phenolic compounds mainly soluble p-coumaric and ferulic acid derivatives whereas anthocyanins were only detected in maize with partially red pigmented kernels. Major phenolic compounds in the bound phenolic fractions were ferulic acid and its derivatives along with p-coumaric acid. Carotenoid compounds including xanthophylls such as lutein, lutein isomers, and zeaxanthin were only detected in orange and white-yellow pigmented maize and are reported for the first time in Peruvian landraces. The multivariate analysis using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) revealed low variability of all data which may indicate a level of similarity among maize samples based on evaluated variables. However, maize grown in Caylloma province showed more homogeneous physical characteristics and higher yield, whereas higher phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity were observed in maize from Castilla. Samples CAY (yellow-pigmented kernel, Castilla) and COM (orange-pigmented kernel, Caylloma) had the highest total phenolic (246.7 mg/100 g dried weight basis, DW) and carotenoid (1.95 μg/g DW) contents among all samples. The variable Andean environmental conditions along with differences in farming practices may play a role and should be confirmed with further studies. Current results provide the metabolomic basis for future research using integrated omics platforms targeted toward the complete characterization of the ethnic-relevant maize race Cabanita.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rody Cuba-Puma
- Laboratory of Research in Food Science, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria, Arequipa, Perú
| | | | - Huber Begazo-Gutiérrez
- Estación Experimental Agraria Arequipa, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), Arequipa, Perú
| | - Gastón Zolla
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Molecular de Plantas, PIPS de Cereales y Granos Nativos, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Perú
| | - Claudia Fuentealba
- Escuela de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Kalidas Shetty
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Lena Gálvez Ranilla
- Laboratory of Research in Food Science, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria, Arequipa, Perú
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería de Industria Alimentaria, Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenierías Biológicas y Químicas, Universidad Catolica de Santa Maria, Arequipa, Perú
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High-Purity Fucoxanthin Can Be Efficiently Prepared from Isochrysis zhangjiangensis by Ethanol-Based Green Method Coupled with Octadecylsilyl (ODS) Column Chromatography. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080510. [PMID: 36005513 PMCID: PMC9410198 DOI: 10.3390/md20080510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploitation of new economically valuable microalgae as a sustainable source of minor high-value products can effectively promote the full utilization of microalgae. The efficient preparation of minor products from microalgae remains the challenge, owing to the coexistence of various components with a similar polarity in the microalgae biomass. In this study, a novel approach based on the sustainable-oriented strategy for fucoxanthin (FX) production was proposed, which consisted of four steps, including the culture of microalga, ethanol extraction, ODS column chromatography, and ethanol precipitation. The high-purity FX (around 95%) was efficiently obtained in a total recovery efficiency of 84.28 ± 2.56%. This study reveals that I. zhangjiangensis is a potentially promising feedstock for FX production and firstly provides a potentially eco-friendly method for the scale-up preparation of FX from the microalga I. zhangjiangensis.
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Rapid Purification of Fucoxanthin from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103189. [PMID: 35630664 PMCID: PMC9146544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is a natural marine xanthophyll and exhibits a broad range of biological activities. In the present study, a simple and efficient two-step method was used to purify fucoxanthin from the diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The crude pigment extract of fucoxanthin was separated by silica gel column chromatography (SGCC). Then, the fucoxanthin-rich fraction was purified using a hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) solid-phase extraction column. The identification and quantification of fucoxanthin were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). This two-step method can obtain 92.03% pure fucoxanthin and a 76.67% recovery rate. In addition, 1H and 13C NMR spectrums were adopted to confirm the identity of fucoxanthin. Finally, the purified fucoxanthin exhibited strong antioxidant properties in vitro with the effective concentration for 50% of maximal scavenging (EC50) of 1,1-Dihpenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free radicals being 0.14 mg·mL-1 and 0.05 mg·mL-1, respectively.
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Vukadinović J, Srdić J, Tosti T, Dragičević V, Kravić N, Drinić SM, Milojković-Opsenica D. Alteration in phytochemicals from sweet maize in response to domestic cooking and frozen storage. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Characterization of Nutritional and Bioactive Compound in Three Genotypes of Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavón) from Different Agroecological Areas in Puno. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:7550987. [PMID: 35368805 PMCID: PMC8967561 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7550987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds and nutritional characterization in three genotypes of mashua tubers (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz and Pavón) from different agroecological areas of the Peruvian highlands (3747 at 3888 meters above sea level) were studied. The studied genotypes from different agroecological areas significantly differed for vitamins, amino acids, and bioactive compounds. However, the nutritional characteristics of yellow, purple, and yellow-purple mashua remained unaffected. Its tubers were shown to be important sources of protein and fiber. The nutritional analysis revealed high phosphorus and potassium values, as well as considerable amounts of vitamin C. The amounts of total free amino acids in the genotypes ranged from
mg/g dry matter (DM) to
mg/g DM. Important total anthocyanins, total flavonoids, total phenolics, tannin content, and antioxidant activity values were obtained from purple genotype. Unexploited colored mashua tubers are proposed as a valuable natural source of phenolics and anthocyanins with high antioxidant activity.
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8
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Evaluation of ultrasound assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from microalgae. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Zhao X, Liang K, Zhu H. Carotenoids in Cereals and Related Foodstuffs: A Review of Extraction and Analysis Methods. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2027438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Food Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Kehong Liang
- Food Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Food Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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10
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A simple and efficient strategy for fucoxanthin extraction from the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Souza Guedes L, Santana CC, Rutledge DN, Pinto L, Jardim ICSF, Melo LV, Beppu MM, Breitkreitz MC. Quantification of palm oil bioactive compounds by ultra‐high‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography and chemometrics. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Douglas Neil Rutledge
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood Paris France
- National Wine and Grape Industry Centre Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia
| | - Licarion Pinto
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
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12
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Assessing the Fatty Acid, Carotenoid, and Tocopherol Compositions of Seeds from Apple Cultivars ( Malus domestica Borkh.) Grown in Norway. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081956. [PMID: 34441731 PMCID: PMC8392653 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Apple production generates large amounts of apple pomace including seeds, leading to high transportation costs, public health hazards and undesirable odor. A new reuse strategy of this kind of waste could solve environmental issues and/or create unconventional sources of health beneficial products. In total, seeds from 75 apple cultivars grown in Norway (both domestic and international) have been analyzed for the first time for oil content and fatty acid profile together with tocopherols and carotenoids quantification in defatted seeds. Seeds from cultivar Håkonseple had the highest oil content (22.10%), with linoleic, oleic acid, and palmitic acid as the most abundant fatty acids. The levels of β-carotene and lycopene carotenoids and α-tocopherol were the highest in defatted seeds of the cultivar Sureple Grøn. Principal component analysis separated cultivars according to the total oil content. The Norwegian apple cultivars Håkonseple, Kviteple, Tolleivseple, Vinterrosenstrips, and Tokheimseple are recommended for obtaining vegetable oil due to their high oil contents, while cultivar Sureple Grøn can be separated due to its high levels of β-carotene, lycopene and total tocopherols.
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13
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Patki JM, Singh S, Singh S, Padmadas N, Dasgupta D. Analysis of the applicative potential of pigments extracted from bacterial isolates of mangrove soil as topical UV protectants. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000419127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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14
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Meza SLR, Egea I, Massaretto IL, Morales B, Purgatto E, Egea-Fernández JM, Bolarin MC, Flores FB. Traditional Tomato Varieties Improve Fruit Quality Without Affecting Fruit Yield Under Moderate Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:587754. [PMID: 33304365 PMCID: PMC7701295 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.587754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Identification of tomato varieties able to exhibit higher accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites in their fruits is currently a main objective in tomato breeding. One tool to improve fruit quality is to cultivate the plants under salt stress, although improvement of fruit quality is generally accompanied by productivity losses. However, it is very interesting to implement strategies aiming at enhancing fruit quality of tomato by means of growing plants in moderate salt stress that allows for a sustainable fruit yield. The traditional tomato varieties adapted to the Mediterranean environmental constraints may be very attractive plant materials to achieve this goal, given the wide range of fruit quality traits because of their genetic diversity. Here, agronomic responses and fruit quality traits, including primary and secondary metabolites, were analyzed in fruits of two Mediterranean traditional tomato varieties named "Tomate Pimiento" ("TP") and "Muchamiel Aperado" ("MA") because of the pepper and pear shape of their fruits, using as reference the commercial cultivar "Moneymaker" ("MM"). Plants were grown without salt (control) and with moderate salt stress (50 mM NaCl), which did not affect fruit yield in any variety. "TP" is of great interest because of its high soluble solids content (SSC) in control, which is even higher in salt, whereas "MA" is very attractive because of its high Brix yield index (SSC × fruit yield), used as overall fruit quality measure. Similitude between both traditional varieties were found for primary metabolism, as they significantly increased sucrose contents compared with "MM" in red ripe fruits from plants in control and, especially, salt stress conditions. The most remarkable difference was the high constitutive levels of total amino acids in "TP" fruits, including the three major free amino acids found in tomato fruit, GABA, glutamate, and glutamine, which even increased under salinity. Regarding secondary metabolites, the most interesting change induced by salinity was the increase in α-tocopherol found in red ripe fruits of both "TP" and "MA." These results reveal the interest of traditional varieties as sources of genetic variation in breeding because of their improvement of tomato fruit quality without production losses under moderate salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia L. R. Meza
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Egea
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel L. Massaretto
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Belén Morales
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - María C. Bolarin
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco B. Flores
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
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Barman K, Chowdhury D, Baruah PK. Development of β‐carotene loaded nanoemulsion using the industrial waste of orange (Citrus reticulate) peel to improve in vitro bioaccessibility of carotenoids and use as natural food colorant. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Barman
- Department of Applied Sciences GUIST, Gauhati University Assam India
| | - Devasish Chowdhury
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Assam India
| | - Pranjal K. Baruah
- Department of Applied Sciences GUIST, Gauhati University Assam India
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Schüler LM, Gangadhar KN, Duarte P, Placines C, Molina-Márquez AM, Léon-Bañares R, Sousa VS, Varela J, Barreira L. Improvement of carotenoid extraction from a recently isolated, robust microalga, Tetraselmis sp. CTP4 (chlorophyta). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:785-796. [PMID: 31894389 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing consumer interest in carotenoids, particularly of marine sustainable origin with applications in the food, cosmeceutical, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical industries. For instance, microalgae belonging to the genus Tetraselmis are known for their biotechnologically relevant carotenoid profile. The recently isolated marine microalgal strain Tetraselmis sp. CTP4 is a fast-growing, robust industrial strain, which has successfully been produced in 100-m3 photobioreactors. However, there are no reports on total carotenoid contents from this strain belonging to T. striata/convolutae clade. Although there are several reports on extraction methods targeting chlorophytes, extraction depends on the strength of cell coverings, solvent polarity and the nature of the targeted carotenoids. Therefore, this article evaluates different extraction methods targeting Tetraselmis sp. CTP4, a strain known to contain a mechanically resistant theca. Here, we propose a factorial experimental design to compare extraction of total carotenoids from wet and freeze-dried microalgal biomass using four different solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol or tetrahydrofuran) in combination with two types of mechanical cell disruption (glass beads or dispersion). The extraction efficiency of the methods was assessed by pigment contents and profiles present in the extracts. Extraction of wet biomass by means of glass bead-assisted cell disruption using tetrahydrofuran yielded the highest amounts of lutein and β-carotene (622 ± 40 and 618 ± 32 µg g-1 DW, respectively). Although acetone was slightly less efficient than tetrahydrofuran, it is preferable due to its lower costs and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Schüler
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Katkam N Gangadhar
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Duarte
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Chloé Placines
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana María Molina-Márquez
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, University of Huelva, Avda de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Rosa Léon-Bañares
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, University of Huelva, Avda de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Vânia S Sousa
- CIMA, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Varela
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Astaxanthin: A Potential Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant Treatment in Diseases and with Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3849692. [PMID: 31814873 PMCID: PMC6878783 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3849692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is characterized by an imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant species, leading to macromolecular damage and disruption of redox signaling and cellular control. It is a hallmark of various diseases including metabolic syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and age-related diseases. Several mitochondrial defects have been considered to contribute to the development of oxidative stress and known as the major mediators of the aging process and subsequent age-associated diseases. Thus, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants should prevent or slow down these processes and prolong longevity. This is the reason why antioxidant treatments are extensively studied and newer and newer compounds with such an effect appear. Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid, is the most abundant carotenoid in marine organisms and is one of the most powerful natural compounds with remarkable antioxidant activity. Here, we summarize its antioxidant targets, effects, and benefits in diseases and with aging.
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18
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Japanese and Bohemian Knotweeds as Sustainable Sources of Carotenoids. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100384. [PMID: 31569417 PMCID: PMC6843863 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica Houtt.) and Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia x bohemica) are invasive alien plant species, causing great global ecological and economic damage. Mechanical excavation of plant material represents an effective containment method, but it is not economically and environmentally sustainable as it produces an excessive amount of waste. Thus, practical uses of these plants are actively being sought. In this study, we explored the carotenoid profiles and carotenoid content of mature (green) and senescing leaves of both knotweeds. Both plants showed similar pigment profiles. By means of high performance thin-layer chromatography with densitometry and high performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array and mass spectrometric detector, 11 carotenoids (and their derivatives) and 4 chlorophylls were identified in green leaves, whereas 16 distinct carotenoids (free carotenoids and xanthophyll esters) were found in senescing leaves. Total carotenoid content in green leaves of Japanese knotweed and Bohemian knotweed (378 and 260 mg of lutein equivalent (LE)/100 g dry weight (DW), respectively) was comparable to that of spinach (384 mg LE/100 g DW), a well-known rich source of carotenoids. A much lower total carotenoid content was found for senescing leaves of Japanese and Bohemian knotweed (67 and 70 mg LE/100 g DW, respectively). Thus, green leaves of both studied knotweeds represent a rich and sustainable natural source of bioactive carotenoids. Exploitation of these invaders for the production of high value-added products should consequently promote their mechanical control.
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Evaluation of the nutritional profile of sweet maize after herbicide and foliar fertilizer application. J Cereal Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Briones-Labarca V, Giovagnoli-Vicuña C, Cañas-Sarazúa R. Optimization of extraction yield, flavonoids and lycopene from tomato pulp by high hydrostatic pressure-assisted extraction. Food Chem 2018; 278:751-759. [PMID: 30583438 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tomato pulp is a useful source of antioxidants, which can be extracted by high hydrostatic pressure (HHPE). This study aimed to optimize the individual and interactive effect of operating high pressure and solvent polarity (solvent mixture) on yield extraction, flavonoid and lycopene content from tomato pulp (Solanum lycopersicum) by using response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that the selected factors (high pressure and solvent mixture) have a significant influence on extraction yield, flavonoid and lycopene content. Extraction at 450 MPa and 60% hexane concentration in the solvent mixture was considered the optimal HHPE condition since it provided the maximum extraction yield (8.71%), flavonoid (21.52 ± 0.09 mg QE/g FW) and lycopene content (2.01 ± 0.09 mg QE/100 g FW). Therefore, HHPE could be a useful tool improve the extraction and release of potentially health-related compounds while providing information on the cumulative effect of solvent polarity and high-pressure extraction on antioxidant compounds of fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilbett Briones-Labarca
- Food Engineering Department, La Serena University, Av. Raúl, Bitrán Nachary 1305, La Serena, Chile; CEAZA, Advanced Studies Center in Arid Zones, Av. Raúl Bitrán Nachary, 1305 La Serena, Chile.
| | | | - Raúl Cañas-Sarazúa
- Food Engineering Department, La Serena University, Av. Raúl, Bitrán Nachary 1305, La Serena, Chile
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Wang E, Dong C, Park RF, Roberts TH. Carotenoid pigments in rust fungi: Extraction, separation, quantification and characterisation. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Rapid and easy carotenoid quantification in Ghanaian starchy staples using RP-HPLC-PDA. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Song J, Chen J, Li D, Xiao Y, Liu C. Thermal Isomerization and Degradation Behaviours of Carotenoids in Simulated Sweet Corn Juice. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-018-2059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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25
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Massaretto IL, Albaladejo I, Purgatto E, Flores FB, Plasencia F, Egea-Fernández JM, Bolarin MC, Egea I. Recovering Tomato Landraces to Simultaneously Improve Fruit Yield and Nutritional Quality Against Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1778. [PMID: 30555505 PMCID: PMC6284034 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress generally induces important negative effects on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) productivity but it may also cause a positive effect improving fruit quality, one of the greatest challenges in nowadays agriculture. Because of the genetic erosion of this horticultural species, the recovery of locally adapted landraces could play a very important role in avoiding, at least partially, production losses and simultaneously improving fruit quality. Two tomato landraces endemic of the Spanish Southeast area, characterized by the harsh climatic conditions of the Mediterranean basin, have been selected: Negro Yeste (NY) characterized by its dark-red colored fruits and Verdal (V), which fruits did not achieve the characteristic red color at ripening. Here the agronomic, physiological, and metabolic responses of these landraces were compared with the reference tomato commercial cv. Moneymaker (MM), in plants grown without salt (control) and with salt stress (100 mM NaCl) for 70 days. The higher salt tolerance of both landraces was mainly reflected in the fruit number, as NY only reduced the fruit number in salt stress by 20% whereas in MM it was reduced till 43%, and in V the fruit number even showed an increase of 33% with salt stress. An important fruit quality parameter is soluble solids content, which increases induced by salinity were significantly higher in both landraces (60 and 78% in NY and V, respectively) compared with MM (34%). Although both landraces showed a similar response in relation to the high chlorophyll accumulation detected in their fruits, the fruit metabolic profiles were very different. Increased carotenoids levels were found in NY fruits, especially lycopene in ripe fruit, and this characteristic was observed in both control and salt stress. Contrarily, the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway was disrupted in V ripe fruits, but other metabolites, such as Ca2+, mannose, formate, and glutamate were accumulated. These results highlight the potential of tomato landraces to improve nutritional fruit quality and maintain fruit yield stability under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel L. Massaretto
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center (FoRC-CEPID), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene Albaladejo
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center (FoRC-CEPID), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco B. Flores
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Félix Plasencia
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Maria C. Bolarin
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Egea
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Isabel Egea
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Tran TL, Ho TH, Nguyen DT. Overexpression of the IbOr gene from sweet potato (Ipomea batatas 'Hoang Long') in maize increases total carotenoid and β-carotene contents. Turk J Biol 2017; 41:1003-1010. [PMID: 30814864 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1708-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional quality of most maize varieties is very low due to the lack of lysine and tryptophan and extremely low provitamin A carotenoids including β-carotene, α-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin. In this study, we report the successful overexpression of the IbOr gene in H145 and H95 inbred maize lines under the control of maize seed-specific promoter globulin 1 (Glo1) for the purpose of improving β-carotene in maize. The results showed that the total carotenoid and β-carotene content of all analyzed transgenic maize plants were significantly higher than those of wild-type lines. For H145-IbOr transgenic maize, in the best line (H145-IbOr.10), the total carotenoid and β-carotene contents were increased up to 10.36- and 15.11-fold, respectively, compared to the wild type (H145-WT). In the case of H95-IbOr transgenic plants, 5.58-fold increase in total carotenoid and 7.63-fold increase in β-carotene were achieved in the H95-IbOr.6 line compared to nontransgenic plants (H95-WT). In all the transgenic plants derived from the wild-type maize line with less carotenoid content (H145-WT), the content of both total carotenoid and β-carotene was higher than in transgenic plants derived from the wild-type maize line having more carotenoid content (H95-WT). Our research is the first in successful overexpression of IbOr gene in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Luong Tran
- Plant Cell Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Thi-Huong Ho
- Plant Cell Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Duc-Thanh Nguyen
- Plant Cell Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Hanoi , Vietnam
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Rajauria G, Foley B, Abu-Ghannam N. Characterization of dietary fucoxanthin from Himanthalia elongata brown seaweed. Food Res Int 2017; 99:995-1001. [PMID: 28865626 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study explored Himanthalia elongata brown seaweed as a potential source of dietary fucoxanthin which is a promising medicinal and nutritional ingredient. The seaweed was extracted with low polarity solvents (n-hexane, diethyl ether, and chloroform) and the crude extract was purified with preparative thin layer chromatography (P-TLC). Identification, quantification and structure elucidation of purified compounds was performed by LC-DAD-ESI-MS and NMR (1H and 13C). P-TLC led purification yielded 18.6mg/g fucoxanthin with 97% of purity based on the calibration curve, in single-step purification. LC-ESI-MS (parent ion at m/z 641 [M+H-H2O]+) and NMR spectra confirmed that the purified band contained all-trans-fucoxanthin as the major compound. Purified fucoxanthin exhibited statistically similar (p>0.05) DPPH scavenging capacity (EC50: 12.9μg/mL) while the FRAP value (15.2μg trolox equivalent) was recorded lower (p<0.05) than the commercial fucoxanthin. The promising results of fucoxanthin purity, recovery and activity suggested that H. elongata seaweed has potential to be exploited as an alternate source for commercial fucoxanthin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
| | - Barry Foley
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Nissreen Abu-Ghannam
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
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28
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Song J, Wang X, Li D, Liu C. Degradation kinetics of carotenoids and visual colour in pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) slices during microwave-vacuum drying. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1306553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfeng Song
- Institute of Farm Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Institute of Farm Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dajing Li
- Institute of Farm Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunquan Liu
- Institute of Farm Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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29
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Wijesundara NM, Sekhon-Loodu S, Rupasinghe HV. Phytochemical-rich medicinal plant extracts suppress bacterial antigens-induced inflammation in human tonsil epithelial cells. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3469. [PMID: 28652934 PMCID: PMC5483044 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharyngitis is an inflammatory condition of the pharynx and associated structures commonly caused by the Group A streptococci (GAS). There is a growing interest in discovering plant-based anti-inflammatory compounds as potential alternatives to conventional drugs. This study evaluated anti-inflammatory activity of phytochemical-rich extracts prepared from 12 herbal plants using human tonsil epithelial cells (HTonEpiC) in vitro. METHODS The HTonEpiC were induced by a mixture of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN) (10 µg/mL; bacterial antigens) for 4 h and then exposed to ethanol extracts (EE) or aqueous extracts (AE) for 20 h. The secretion of four pro-inflammatory cytokines was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined using spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS The herbal plant extracts (≤5 µg/mL) were not cytotoxic to HTonEpiC. The extracts exhibited a broad range of reduction (1.2%-92.6%) of secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), human beta defensin-2 (hBD-2), epithelial-derived neutrophil activating protein-78 (ENA-78), and granulocyte chemotactic protein-2 (GCP-2). Both EE and AE of clove, ginger, and echinacea flower and EE from danshen root significantly inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokine production as induced by LTA and PGN in HTonEpiCs at the concentrations of 1 and 5 µg/mL. DISCUSSION Our observations indicate that danshen root, clove, ginger, and echinacea flower extracts exhibit an anti-inflammatory effect in HTonEpiCs. The most efficacious extracts from danshen root, clove, ginger and echinacea flowers have potential to be used as natural sources for developing phytotherapeutic products in the management of painful inflammation due to streptococcal pharyngitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niluni M Wijesundara
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Satvir Sekhon-Loodu
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Hp Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Díaz-Gómez J, Ramos AJ, Zhu C, Martín-Belloso O, Soliva-Fortuny R. Influence of Cooking Conditions on Carotenoid Content and Stability in Porridges Prepared from High-Carotenoid Maize. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 72:113-119. [PMID: 28357537 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0604-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Maize is a staple food crop in many developing countries, hence becoming an attractive target for biofortification programs toward populations at risk of micronutrient deficiencies. A South African white endosperm maize inbred line was engineered with a carotenogenic mini-pathway to generate high-carotenoid maize, which accumulates β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin. As maize porridge is a traditional meal for poor populations in sub-Saharan African countries, high-carotenoid maize was used as raw material to prepare different maize meals. The objective of this work was to assess the impact of popular home-cooking techniques and different cooking parameters (temperature, time and pH) on the final carotenoid content in the cooked product, using a spectrophotometric technique based on the mean absorption of carotenoids at 450 nm. Carotenoid levels were not only preserved, but also enhanced in high-carotenoid maize porridges. The carotenoid content was increased when temperatures ≤95 °C were combined with short cooking times (10-60 min). The most optimum thermal treatment was 75 °C/10 min. When treated under those conditions at pH 5, high-carotenoid maize porridges doubled the initial carotenoid content up to 88 μg/g dry weight. Regarding to cooking techniques, the highest carotenoid content was found when unfermented thin porridges were prepared (51 μg/g dry weight of high-carotenoid maize porridge). We conclude that high-carotenoid maize may contribute to enhance the dietary status of rural populations who depend on maize as a staple food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Díaz-Gómez
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Antonio Javier Ramos
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Changfu Zhu
- Plant and Forestry Science Department, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Olga Martín-Belloso
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Robert Soliva-Fortuny
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, UTPV-XaRTA, Agrotecnio Center, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Gmoser R, Ferreira JA, Lennartsson PR, Taherzadeh MJ. Filamentous ascomycetes fungi as a source of natural pigments. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2017; 4:4. [PMID: 28955473 PMCID: PMC5611665 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-017-0033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi, including the ascomycetes Monascus, Fusarium, Penicillium and Neurospora, are being explored as novel sources of natural pigments with biological functionality for food, feed and cosmetic applications. Such edible fungi can be used in biorefineries for the production of ethanol, animal feed and pigments from waste sources. The present review gathers insights on fungal pigment production covering biosynthetic pathways and stimulatory factors (oxidative stress, light, pH, nitrogen and carbon sources, temperature, co-factors, surfactants, oxygen, tricarboxylic acid intermediates and morphology) in addition to pigment extraction, analysis and identification methods. Pigmentation is commonly regarded as the output of secondary protective mechanisms against oxidative stress and light. Although several studies have examined pigmentation in Monascus spp., research gaps exist in the investigation of interactions among factors as well as process development on larger scales under submerged and solid-state fermentation. Currently, research on pigmentation in Neurospora spp. is at its infancy, but the increasing interest for biorefineries shows potential for booming research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gmoser
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden.,University of Borås, Allégatan 1, 503 32 Borås, Sweden
| | - Jorge A Ferreira
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
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Extraction, Identification and Photo-Physical Characterization of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) Carotenoids. Foods 2017; 6:foods6010004. [PMID: 28231085 PMCID: PMC5296673 DOI: 10.3390/foods6010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoid pigments were extracted and purified from persimmon fruits using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). Eleven pigments were isolated and five of them were clearly identified as all-trans-violaxanthine, all-trans-lutein, all-trans-zeaxanthin all-trans-cryptoxanthin and all-trans-β-carotene. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded. To evaluate the potential of ¹O₂ quenching of the purified carotenoids, we used a monocarboxylic porphyrin (P1COOH) as the photosensitizer to produce ¹O₂. The rate constants of singlet oxygen quenching (Kq) were determined by monitoring the near-infrared (1270 nm) luminescence of ¹O₂ produced by photosensitizer excitation. The lifetime of singlet oxygen was measured in the presence of increasing concentrations of carotenoids in hexane. Recorded Kq values show that all-trans-β-cryptoxanthin, all-trans-β-carotene, all-trans-lycopene and all-trans-zeaxanthin quench singlet oxygen in hexane efficiently (associated Kq values of 1.6 × 10⁸, 1.3 × 10⁸, 1.1 × 10⁸ and 1.1 × 10⁸ M-1·s-1, respectively). The efficiency of singlet oxygen quenching of β-cryptoxanthin can thus change the consideration that β-carotene and lycopene are the most efficient singlet oxygen quenchers acting as catalysts for deactivation of the harmful ¹O₂.
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Esquivel-Hernández DA, Rodríguez-Rodríguez J, Rostro-Alanis M, Cuéllar-Bermúdez SP, Mancera-Andrade EI, Núñez-Echevarría JE, García-Pérez JS, Chandra R, Parra-Saldívar R. Advancement of green process through microwave-assisted extraction of bioactive metabolites from Arthrospira Platensis and bioactivity evaluation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:618-629. [PMID: 27838319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity and functional properties of cyanobacterial extract mostly depends on process of extraction, temperature and solvent used (polar or non-polar). To evaluate these parameters a design of experiment (DOE; using a 2k design) was performed with Arthrospira platensis. Extraction process was optimized through microwave-assisted extraction considering solvent ratio, temperature and time of extraction with polar (PS) and non-polar (NPS). Maximum extract yield obtained was 4.32±0.25% and 5.26±0.11% (w/w) respectively for PS and NPS. Maximum content of bioactive metabolites in PS extracts were thiamine (846.57±14.12μg/g), riboflavin (101.09±1.63μg/g), C-phycocyanin (2.28±0.10μg/g) and A-phycocyanin (4.11±0.03μg/g), while for NPS extracts were α-tocopherol (37.86±0.78μg/g), β-carotene (123.64±1.45μg/g) and 19.44±0.21mg/g of fatty acids. A. platensis PS extracts showed high antimicrobial activity and PS extracts had antioxidant activity of 0.79±0.12μmolTE/g for FRAP assay, while for NPS extracts 1.03±0.08μmol α-TE/g for FRAP assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Esquivel-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - José Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Magdalena Rostro-Alanis
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Elena I Mancera-Andrade
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Jade E Núñez-Echevarría
- Tecnologia Ambiental Biomex S.A. de C.V., Volcan Jorullo 5268, Zapopan, Jalisco 45070, Mexico
| | - J Saúl García-Pérez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Rashmi Chandra
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias, Ingenieria y Tecnologia, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. 64849, Mexico.
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Fu X, Zhou Y, Zeng L, Dong F, Mei X, Liao Y, Watanabe N, Yang Z. Analytical method for metabolites involved in biosynthesis of plant volatile compounds. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00766c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The progress in the successful techniques used for studying metabolites involved in the metabolic routes of plant volatiles is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Fu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Lanting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Fang Dong
- Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College
- Guangzhou 510520
- China
| | - Xin Mei
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Naoharu Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shizuoka University
- Hamamatsu 432-8561
- Japan
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
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Rivera Vélez SM. Guide for Carotenoid Identification in Biological Samples. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:1473-1484. [PMID: 27158746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years there has been considerable interest in carotenoids with respect to their biological roles in animals, microorganisms, and plants, in addition to their use in the chemical, cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical, poultry, and other industries. However, the structural diversity, the different range of concentration, and the presence of cis/trans-isomers complicate the identification of carotenoids. This review provides updated information on their physical and chemical properties as well as spectroscopic and chromatographic data for the unambiguous determination of carotenoids in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Maiam Rivera Vélez
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University , Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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Abstract
Modifications of the usual C40 linear and symmetrical carotenoid skeleton give rise to a wide array of structures of carotenes and xanthophylls in plant tissues. These include acyclic, monocyclic and dicyclic carotenoids, along with hydroxy and epoxy xanthophylls and apocarotenoids. Carotenols can be unesterified or esterified (monoester) in one or two (diester) hydroxyl groups with fatty acids. E-Z isomerization increases the array of possible plant carotenoids even further. Screening and especially quantitative analysis are being carried out worldwide. Visible absorption spectrometry and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy have been used for the initial estimation of the total carotenoid content or the principal carotenoid content when large numbers of samples needed to be analyzed within a short time, as would be the case in breeding programs. Although inherently difficult, quantitative analysis of the individual carotenoids is essential. Knowledge of the sources of errors and means to avoid them has led to a large body of reliable quantitative compositional data on carotenoids. Reverse-phase HPLC with a photodiode array detector has been the preferred analytical technique, but UHPLC is increasingly employed. HPLC-MS has been used mainly for identification and NMR has been useful in unequivocally identifying geometric isomers.
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Accelerated solvent extraction of carotenoids from: Tunisian Kaki (Diospyros kaki L.), peach (Prunus persica L.) and apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Food Chem 2015; 184:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Rodriguez-Amaya DB. Status of carotenoid analytical methods and in vitro assays for the assessment of food quality and health effects. Curr Opin Food Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Simultaneous analysis of carotenoids and tocopherols in botanical species using one step solid-liquid extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2014; 173:709-17. [PMID: 25466080 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids and tocopherols from botanical species abundant in Atlantic mountain grasslands were simultaneously extracted using one-step solid-liquid phase. A single n-hexane/2-propanol extract containing both types of compounds was injected twice under two different sets of HPLC conditions to separate the tocopherols by normal-phase chromatography and carotenoids by reverse-phase mode. The method allowed reproducible quantification in plant samples of very low amounts of α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherols (LOD from 0.0379 to 0.0720 μg g(-1) DM) and over 15 different xanthophylls and carotene isomers. The simplified one-step extraction without saponification significantly increased the recovery of tocopherols and carotenoids, thereby enabling the determination of α-tocopherol acetate in plant samples. The two different sets of chromatographic analysis provided near baseline separation of individual compounds without interference from other lipid compounds extracted from plants, and a very sensitive and accurate detection of tocopherols and carotenoids. The detection of minor individual components in botanical species from grasslands is nowadays of high interest in searching for biomarkers for foods derived from grazing animals.
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40
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Rivera SM, Christou P, Canela-Garayoa R. Identification of carotenoids using mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:353-372. [PMID: 24178708 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present review compiles positive MS fragmentation data of selected carotenoids obtained using various ionization techniques and matrices. In addition, new experimental data from the analysis of carotenoids in transgenic maize and rice callus are provided. Several carotenes and oxygen-functionalized carotenoids containing epoxy, hydroxyl, and ketone groups were ionized by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in positive ion mode. Thus, on the basis of the information obtained from the literature and our own experiments, we identified characteristic carotenoid ions that can be associated to functional groups in the structures of these compounds. In addition, pigments with a very similar structure were differentiated through comparison of the intensities of their fragments. The data provide a basis for the structural elucidation of carotenoids by mass spectrometry (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol M Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, ETSEA, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
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Delpino-Rius A, Eras J, Marsol-Vall A, Vilaró F, Balcells M, Canela-Garayoa R. Ultra performance liquid chromatography analysis to study the changes in the carotenoid profile of commercial monovarietal fruit juices. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1331:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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43
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Rivera SM, Vilaró F, Zhu C, Bai C, Farré G, Christou P, Canela-Garayoa R. Fast quantitative method for the analysis of carotenoids in transgenic maize. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5279-85. [PMID: 23678974 DOI: 10.1021/jf400694z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A fast method was developed to determine carotenoid content in transgenic maize seeds. The analysis was carried out using an ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatograph coupled to a photodiode array detector and a mass spectrometer (UHPLC-PDA-MS/MS). Sixteen carotenoid pigments were detected and quantified in <13 min. In addition, it was possible to obtain good resolution of both polar xanthophylls and nonpolar carotenes. The method exhibited (a) a high degree of repeatability (%RSD < 13%), (b) linear calibration curves (R² > 0.9952), (c) satisfactory recoveries for most of the pigments (between 82 and 108%), and (d) low detection (from 0.02 to 0.07 μg/mL) and quantification limits (from 0.05 to 0.20 μg/mL) (LOD and LOQ, respectively). The methodology was applied to the analysis of transgenic maize lines TM1, TM2, and TM3, expressing several carotenogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Maiam Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, ETSEA, University of Lleida -Agrotecnio Center, Avenida Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Piovan A, Seraglia R, Bresin B, Caniato R, Filippini R. Fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida: photostability and coextractive effects. Molecules 2013; 18:6298-310. [PMID: 23760030 PMCID: PMC6270627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is one of the most abundant carotenoids and possesses a number of beneficial medicinal qualities which include its anti-oxidant, anti-obesity and anti-cancer properties. In this study, the photostability of fucoxanthin in extracts with different chemical profiles was studied. The extracts were obtained from Undaria pinnatifida, a seaweed rich in this carotenoid, using conventional liquid solvent extraction procedures and the QuEChERS method. All the extracts contained all-trans-fucoxanthin as the major compound. Conventional procedures produced a fucoxanthin purity of lower than 50%, whereas after liquid-liquid partition, PSA cleanup, and PSA and GCB cleanup (QuEChERS method) fucoxanthin purity increased to 70%, 86%, and 94%, respectively. Although in the acetone extract the initial content of fucoxanthin was the highest, results demonstrate that coextractives play an important role in enhancing the rate of photodegradation. After light exposure, the conventional extracts lost around 90% of the initial fucoxanthin content. On the other hand, the extracts obtained by the QuEChERS method showed significantly higher light stability than the conventional extracts. These results suggest that the QuEChERS method could be used and further improved to obtain more purified and stable extracts for fucoxanthin from U. pinnatifida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piovan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, Padova 35131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.C.); (R.F.)
| | | | - Bruno Bresin
- ARPA-FVG Regional Agency for Environmental of Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Via delle Acque 28, Pordenone 33170, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Rosy Caniato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, Padova 35131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Raffaella Filippini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, Padova 35131, Italy; E-Mails: (R.C.); (R.F.)
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