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Li M, Fang Q, Xiao P, Yin Z, Mei G, Wang C, Xiang Y, Zhao X, Qu L, Xu T, Zhang J, Liu K, Li X, Dong H, Xiao R, Zhou R. KHSRP ameliorates acute liver failure by regulating pre-mRNA splicing through its interaction with SF3B1. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:618. [PMID: 39187547 PMCID: PMC11347664 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized by the rapidly progressive deterioration of hepatic function, which, without effective medical intervention, results in high mortality and morbidity. Here, using proteomic and transcriptomic analyses in murine ALF models, we found that the expression of multiple splicing factors was downregulated in ALF. Notably, we found that KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) has a protective effect in ALF. Knockdown of KHSRP resulted in dramatic splicing defects, such as intron retention, and led to the exacerbation of liver injury in ALF. Moreover, we demonstrated that KHSRP directly interacts with splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (SF3B1) and enhances the binding of SF3B1 to the intronic branch sites, thereby promoting pre-mRNA splicing. Using splicing inhibitors, we found that Khsrp protects against ALF by regulating pre-mRNA splicing in vivo. Overall, our findings demonstrate that KHSRP is an important splicing activator and promotes the expression of genes associated with ALF progression by interacting with SF3B1; thus, KHSRP could be a possible target for therapeutic intervention in ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Qian Fang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Pingping Xiao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Zhinang Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Guangbo Mei
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Lihua Qu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China
| | - Tian Xu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Kejun Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Huifen Dong
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Ruijing Xiao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
| | - Rui Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
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Zhang XT, Yang Y, Ji C, Fu Y, Pu X, Xu G. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reduce the severity of acute liver injury by improving the diversity and function of the gut microbiota. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35559. [PMID: 39170507 PMCID: PMC11336721 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is an abnormal liver function caused by oxidative stress, inflammation and other mechanisms.The interaction between intestine and liver plays an important role in ALI, and natural polysaccharides can participate in the regulation of ALI by regulating the composition of intestinal flora. In this study, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was used as the research object, and ICR mice were used to construct an acute liver injury model induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the flora structure abundance and detect the changes of intestinal flora. The effective reading of 8 samples was obtained by 16S rRNA sequencing technology, and a total of 1233 samples were obtained. The results of alpha diversity analysis showed that the sequencing depth was sufficient, the abundance of species in the samples was high and the distribution was uniform, and the sequencing data of the samples was reasonable. Nine species with significant differences were screened out by abundence analysis of intestinal flora structure at genus level. Beta diversity analysis showed that species composition was different between the model group and the treatment group. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can maintain the integrity of mucosal barrier by promoting the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells and anti-oxidative stress injury, thereby improving the intestinal mucosal inflammation of mice, regulating intestinal flora, and effectively alleviating CCl4-induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-tian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Chunlei Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Yujuan Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Xinyi Pu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
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Liu WY, Xu D, Hu ZY, Meng HH, Zheng Q, Wu FY, Feng X, Wang JS. Total cucurbitacins from Herpetospermum pedunculosum pericarp do better than Hu-lu-su-pian (HLSP) in its safety and hepatoprotective efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1344983. [PMID: 38455959 PMCID: PMC10919163 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1344983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The pericarp of Herpetospermum pedunculosum (HPP) has traditionally been used for treating jaundice and hepatitis. However, the specific hepatoprotective components and their safety/efficacy profiles remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize the total cucurbitacins (TCs) extracted from HPP and evaluate their hepatoprotective potential. As a reference, Hu-lu-su-pian (HLSP), a known hepatoprotective drug containing cucurbitacins, was used for comparison of chemical composition, effects, and safety. Molecular networking based on UHPLC-MS/MS identified cucurbitacin B, isocucurbitacin B, and cucurbitacin E as the major components in TCs, comprising 70.3%, 26.1%, and 3.6% as determined by RP-HPLC, respectively. TCs treatment significantly reversed CCl4-induced metabolic changes associated with liver damage in a dose-dependent manner, impacting pathways including energy metabolism, oxidative stress and phenylalanine metabolism, and showed superior efficacy to HLSP. Safety evaluation also showed that TCs were safe, with higher LD50 and no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) values than HLSP. The median lethal dose (LD50) and NOAEL values of TCs were 36.21 and 15 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively, while the LD50 of HLSP was 14 mg/kg BW. In summary, TCs extracted from HPP demonstrated promising potential as a natural hepatoprotective agent, warranting further investigation into synergistic effects of individual cucurbitacin components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Liu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Xu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Yun Hu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Hui Meng
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng-Ye Wu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Beijing Hospital of Tibetan Medicine, China Tibetology Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Song Wang
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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Mou Y, Liao W, Liang Y, Li Y, Zhao M, Guo Y, Sun Q, Tang J, Wang Z. Environmental pollutants induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis: Roles and mechanisms in various diseases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165851. [PMID: 37516172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is changing with economic development. Most environmental pollutants are characterized by stable chemical properties, strong migration, potential toxicity, and multiple exposure routes. Harmful substances are discharged excessively, and large quantities of unknown new compounds are emerging, being transmitted and amplifying in the food chain. The increasingly severe problems of environmental pollution have forced people to re-examine the relationship between environmental pollution and health. Pyroptosis and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome are critical in maintaining the immune balance and regulating the inflammatory process. Numerous diseases caused by environmental pollutants are closely related to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. We intend to systematically explain the steps and important events that are common in life but easily overlooked by which environmental pollutants activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis pathways. This comprehensive review also discusses the interaction network between environmental pollutants, the NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis, and diseases. Thus, research progress on the impact of decreasing oxidative stress levels to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis, thereby repairing homeostasis and reshaping health, is systematically examined. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the impact of environmental pollutants on life and health and provide a theoretical basis and potential programs for the development of corresponding treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yun Liang
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610014, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yaoyao Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Zhilei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
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Chen J, Zhong K, Jing Y, Liu S, Qin S, Peng F, Li D, Peng C. Procyanidin B2: A promising multi-functional food-derived pigment for human diseases. Food Chem 2023; 420:136101. [PMID: 37059021 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural edible pigments play a paramount part in the food industry. Procyanidin B2 (PB2), one of the most representative naturally occurring edible pigments, is usually isolated from the seeds, fruits, and leaves of lots of common plants, such as grapes, Hawthorn, black soybean, as well as blueberry, and functions as a food additive in daily life. Notably, PB2 has numerous bioactivities and possesses the potential to treat/prevent a wide range of human diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, diabetic complications, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the underlying mechanisms were partially elucidated, including mediating signaling pathways like NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, apoptotic axis, and Nrf-2/HO-1. This paper presents a review of the natural sources, bioactivities, and the therapeutic/preventive potential of PB2 and the possible mechanisms, with the aim of promoting the development of PB2 as a functional food and providing references for its clinical application in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kexin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiqi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Tijjani H, Adebayo JO. Antioxidant activities of artesunate-procyanidin hybrid compound in erythrocyte and liver of Plasmodium berghei NK65-infected mice. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:305-315. [PMID: 36308068 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Resistance of malaria parasites to conventionally used antimalarial drugs has necessitated the search for new potent antimalarials, especially those that can also ameliorate oxidative stress-mediated secondary complications. This has led to the synthesis of an antimalarial artesunate-procyanidin hybrid compound (PC14), but it has not been evaluated for its antioxidant activity. This study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activities of PC14 in the erythrocyte and liver of Plasmodium berghei NK65-infected mice. A hundred mice were randomly divided into 10 equal groups (A-J). Mice in Groups B-J were inoculated with P. berghei NK65 while group A mice were not inoculated. Starting from Day 3 post-inoculation, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (5%) was administered to mice in Groups A and B (normal and negative controls, respectively), while various doses of chloroquine, artesunate, procyanidin, and PC14 were administered to their respective groups for 3 days. Thereafter, antioxidant parameters were determined in the erythrocyte and liver on Days 6 and 10 post-inoculation. A significant increase (P < 0.05) was observed in malondialdehyde levels in the erythrocyte and liver of negative control on Day 10 post-inoculation compared to normal controls. Significant reduction (P < 0.05) was observed in activities of liver catalase and superoxide dismutase and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase of negative control on Days 6 and 10 compared to normal controls. However, PC14 at various doses significantly (P < 0.05) reversed these alterations. The results suggest that PC14 possesses antioxidant activity, and it enhanced antioxidant defense in the erythrocyte and liver of P. berghei-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibu Tijjani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Nigeria
| | - Joseph O Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Nootkatone Supplementation Ameliorates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury via the Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, NF-κB Pathways, and the Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010194. [PMID: 36671056 PMCID: PMC9855146 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury is a type of liver diseases, and it has raised concerns worldwide due to the lack of effective therapies. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of nootkatone (NOOT) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-caused acute liver injury in mice. Mice were randomly divided into control, CCl4 model, NOOT, and NOOT (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day) plus CCl4 groups, respectively. Mice in the CCl4 plus NOOT groups were orally administrated with NOOT at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/days for seven days prior to 0.3% CCl4 injection at 10 mL/kg body weight, respectively. Our results showed that NOOT supplementation significantly ameliorated CCl4-induced increases of serum AST and ALT levels, hepatocyte necrosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and caspases-9 and -3 activities in the livers of mice. Moreover, NOOT supplementation significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNAs but downregulated the expression of NF-κB mRNAs and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α proteins in the liver tissues, compared to those in the CCl4 model group. In conclusion, for the first time, our results reveal that NOOT could offer protective effects against CCl4-caused oxidative stress and inflammatory response via the opposite regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and NF-κB pathway.
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Amer MA, Othman AI, El-Missiry MA, Farag AA, Amer ME. Proanthocyanidins attenuated liver damage and suppressed fibrosis in CCl4-treated rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:91127-91138. [PMID: 35881285 PMCID: PMC9722827 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liver damage and fibrosis are serious health problems without effective treatment. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are flavonoids with several biological effects. We investigated the potential anti-fibrotic effect of proanthocyanidins on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Liver fibrosis was induced by oral administration of CCl4 three times a week for 5 and 9 weeks. PAs were daily administered in a dose of 500 mg/kg bw. Animals were divided into five groups: control groups, olive oil-treated group, Pas-treated group, CCl4-treated animals, and PAs + CCl4-treated rats. CCl4 and PAs were administered by gavage. Administration of CCl4 caused a significant elevation in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, the concentration of alpha-2-macroglobulin, and bilirubin concentration. In addition, the protein and apolipoprotein contents were significantly decreased in the serum of CCl4-treated rats. These results were accompanied by histopathological alterations and increased inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA damage. Treatment with PAs caused remarkable regression of fibrosis and alpha-2-macroglobulin with improvement in histological characteristics of the liver after 5 and 9 weeks of intoxication. PAs could also maintain redox balance, evidenced by the prevention of lipid peroxidation and mitigation of the decrease in antioxidants. Treatment of intoxicated rats with PAs resulted in a significant decline in pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serum. This is associated with a remarkable decrease in apoptosis of hepatic cells shown by decreased levels of Bax, caspase-3, and -9, with increased Bcl-2. The protective effect of PAs was also evident by protecting DNA integrity in the intoxicated rats. PAs suppressed hepatic fibrosis, improved liver function and structure via modulating the interdependence between oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA integrity in CCl4-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher A Amer
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Azza I Othman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | | | - Aya A Farag
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maggie E Amer
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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9
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Liu J, Du X, Yao Q, Jiang T, Cui Q, Xie X, Zhao Z, Lai B, Wang N, Xiao L. Procyanidin B2 ameliorates endothelial dysfunction induced by nicotine via the induction of tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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10
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Evaluation of Chemical Constituents of Litchi Pericarp Extracts and Its Antioxidant Activity in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233837. [PMID: 36496645 PMCID: PMC9740626 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Litchi pericarp is the main byproduct of litchi processing and contains several polyphenols. However, the chemical constituents and the antioxidant effect in litchi pericarp extracts (LPE) have been rarely studied. The result of the quantitative analyses of the major monomers in LPE indicated that procyanidin A2, procyanidin B2, epicatechin, rutin, and catechin were the major polyphenol compounds of LPE. The LPE exhibited high radical scavenging activity, as indicated by the results of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ascorbic acid, 2,2'-Azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) tests. Moreover, administrating D-galactose in mice led to the reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes, aggravated lipid peroxidation, and induced protein oxidation. The results were improved in the aging mice after the LPE treatment was performed. The above results suggest that LPE has an excellent antioxidant effect. Accordingly, litchi pericarp can serve as a promising source of dietary antioxidants.
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Bae SJ, Bak SB, Kim YW. Coordination of AMPK and YAP by Spatholobi Caulis and Procyanidin B2 Provides Antioxidant Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213730. [PMID: 36430207 PMCID: PMC9694094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is vulnerable to oxidative attacks from heavy metals, such as iron, as well as some drugs, including acetaminophen. It has been shown that enhanced oxidative stress in the liver leads to excessive ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in organ injury. The beneficial effects of Spatholobi Caulis (SC), a natural herbal medicine, include treating ischemic stroke, inhibiting tumor cell invasion, pro-angiogenic activities, and anti-inflammatory properties. Scientific studies on its effects against hepatotoxic reagents (e.g., iron and acetaminophen), as well as their underlying mechanisms, are insufficient. This study examined the antioxidant effects and mechanisms of SC in vitro and in vivo. In cells, the proinflammatory mediator, arachidonic acid (AA), plus iron, significantly induced an increase in ROS generation, the damage in mitochondrial membrane potential, and the resulting apoptosis, which were markedly blocked by SC. More importantly, SC affected the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related proteins, which were vital to regulating oxidative stress in cells. In addition, SC mediated the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP)-related proteins. Among the active compounds in SC, the procyanidin B2, but not liquiritigenin, daidzein, and genistein, significantly inhibited the cytotoxicity induced by AA + iron, and activated the LKB1-AMPK pathway. In mice, the oral administration of SC alleviated the elevations of ALT and histological changes by the acetaminophen-induced liver injury. These results reveal the potential of SC and a key bioactive component, procyanidin B2, as antioxidant candidates for hepatoprotection.
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Tang N, Hong F, Hao W, Yu TT, Wang GG, Li W. Riboflavin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction via the AMPK/PGC1α/HO‑1 signaling pathway and attenuates carbon tetrachloride‑induced liver fibrosis in rats. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:608. [PMID: 36160891 PMCID: PMC9468838 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a global health problem, with increasing evidence demonstrating that oxidative stress serves a pivotal role in fibrogenesis. Riboflavin is a vital nutrient in the human and animal diet, which enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and ameliorates oxidative stress. The present study evaluated the effect of riboflavin on liver fibrosis and the mechanisms underlying this process. Rats were subcutaneously injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) dissolved in sterile olive oil twice per week to induce hepatic fibrosis. The effect of riboflavin on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis was then assessed. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected and analyzed. The liver tissue morphological changes, immunohistochemical analysis, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the mitochondria, and the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the liver were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that riboflavin treatment significantly decreased the levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in the serum, increased SOD activity and modulated the MDA level in the mitochondria. Furthermore, riboflavin significantly inhibited the CCl4-induced, upregulated protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, TGF-β1 and α-SMA. Moreover, riboflavin significantly increased the expression of p-AMPK, PGC-1α and HO-1 in the liver tissue. These results suggested that riboflavin delays CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by enhancing the mitochondrial function via the AMPK/PGC-1α/HO-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
| | - Feng Hong
- Department of Physiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Experimental Center for Function Subjects, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Yu
- Department of Experimental Center for Function Subjects, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Guang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P.R. China
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13
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Wang H, Hao W, Yang L, Li T, Zhao C, Yan P, Wei S. Procyanidin B2 Alleviates Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress through the Nrf2 Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147769. [PMID: 35887117 PMCID: PMC9316217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and potential molecular mechanisms of procyanidin B2 (PB2) in MAC-T (mammary alveolar cells-large T antigen) cells during heat stress (HS). The MAC-T cells were divided into three treatment groups: control (37 °C), HS (42 °C), and PB2 + HS (42 °C). Compared with MAC-T cells that were consistently cultured at 37 °C, acute HS treatment remarkably decreased cell viability, reduced activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and elevated intracellular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was activated and translocated to the nucleus, in accompaniment with upregulation of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). In parallel, both mRNA transcript and actual protein secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were increased by heat stress. Pretreatment of MAC-T cells with 0~25 μM PB2 alleviated the decline of cell viability by HS in a dose-dependent fashion and protected cells against HS-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by significantly improved CAT, SOD, and T-AOC activity, as well as with decreased MDA and ROS generation. Furthermore, PB2 further activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and reversed the inflammatory response induced by HS. Silencing of Nrf2 by si-Nrf2 transfection not only exacerbated HS-induced cell death and provoked oxidative stress and the inflammatory response, but also greatly abolished the cytoprotective effects under HS of PB2. In summary, PB2 protected MAC-T cells against HS-induced cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, partially by operating at the Nrf2 signal pathway.
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14
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Ji F, Ge G, Xu H. Midazolam Ameliorates Acute Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride via Enhancing Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940137. [PMID: 35873576 PMCID: PMC9304748 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes greatly to initiation and progression of liver injury. Activation of nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been considered as an attractive strategy for preventing and treating the oxidative damage related to liver injury. This study aimed to find an efficacious agent to activate Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway from clinically used therapeutic agents and to characterize the usefulness for preventing and treating CCl4-induced acute liver injury. For this purpose, a series of clinically used therapeutic agents were collected and their activation potentials on Nrf2 were assayed by using 293T-Nrf2-luc cell line. Among all tested therapeutic agents, midazolam was found with good Nrf2 activation effect and this agent could significantly ameliorate CCl4-induced damage to HepG2 cells. In vivo animal tests showed that pretreatment with midazolam reduced the liver pathological tissue damage and the serum levels of ALT and AST in CCl4-induced liver injury mice. Further investigations showed that midazolam could strongly up-regulate the expression of both Nrf2 and HO-1 in the mice liver, accompanied by increasing of the levels of antioxidant enzyme SOD and reducing the production of MDA, as well as reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) secretion. Collectively, our results clearly demonstrate that midazolam can ameliorate CCl4-induced acute liver injury and oxidative stress via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadi Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangbo Ge, ; Hua Xu,
| | - Hua Xu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangbo Ge, ; Hua Xu,
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15
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Hu Q, Liao W, Zhang Z, Shi S, Hou S, Ji N, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Liao Y, Li L, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Chen J, Yu F, Yang Q, Xiao H, Fu C, Du H, Wang Q, Cao H, Xiao H, Li R. The hepatoprotective effects of plant-based foods based on the "gut-liver axis": a prospective review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9136-9162. [PMID: 35466839 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2064423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the "gut-liver axis" in the pathogenesis of liver diseases has been revealed recently; which promotes the process of developing preventive and therapeutic strategies. However, considering that there are still many challenges in the medical treatment of liver diseases, potential preventive dietary intervention may be a good alternative choice. Plant-based foods have received much attention due to their reported health-promoting effects in targeting multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases as well as the relative safety for general use. Based on the PubMed and Web of Science databases, this review emphatically summarizes the plant-based foods and their chemical constituents with reported effects to impact the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway of gut-liver axis of various liver diseases, reflecting their health benefits in preventing/alleviating liver diseases. Moreover, some plant-based foods with potential gut-liver effects are specifically analyzed from the reported studies and conclusions. This review intends to provide readers an overview of the current progress in the field of this research topic. We expect to see more hepatoprotective measures for alleviating the current prevalence of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongdan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shuguang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ningping Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yangyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Linghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fangkun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hongtao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Heping Cao
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
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16
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Liu J, Yao Q, Xie X, Cui Q, Jiang T, Zhao Z, Du X, Lai B, Xiao L, Wang N. Procyanidin B2 Attenuates Nicotine-Induced Hepatocyte Pyroptosis through a PPARγ-Dependent Mechanism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091756. [PMID: 35565726 PMCID: PMC9103831 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Procyanidin B2 (PCB2), a natural flavonoid, has been demonstrated to exert anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects on hepatic diseases. Increasing evidence shows the hepatoxicity of nicotine. However, whether PCB2 protects against nicotine-induced hepatoxicity and the underlying mechanisms remains uncharacterized. Here, we reported that nicotine promoted hepatocyte pyroptosis, as evidenced by the elevation of propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells, the activation of Caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD), the enhanced expression of NOD-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) and the increased release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The silencing of GSDMD by small interfering RNA (siRNA) efficiently inhibited the release of LDH and the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. In addition, rosiglitazone (RGZ) prevented hepatocyte pyroptosis induced by nicotine. Furthermore, we showed that PCB2 attenuated nicotine-induced pyroptosis through the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in hepatocytes. Moreover, administration of PCB2 ameliorated liver injury and hepatocyte pyroptosis in nicotine-treated mice. Hence, our findings demonstrated that PCB2 attenuated pyroptosis and liver damage in a PPARγ-dependent manner. Our results suggest a new mechanism by which PCB2 exerts its liver protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (B.L.); (L.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Qinyu Yao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (B.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Xinya Xie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (B.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Qi Cui
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiong Du
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (B.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Baochang Lai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (B.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Lei Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (B.L.); (L.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Nanping Wang
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-021-62235057
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17
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Zhang YP, Liu XR, Yang MW, Yang SL, Hong FF. New progress in understanding roles of nitric oxide during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:504-515. [PMID: 35582289 PMCID: PMC9055193 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i3.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major clinical cause of morbidity and mortality in liver surgery and transplantation. Many studies have found that nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the HIRI and its increase or decrease can affect the progression and outcome of HIRI. However, the role of NO in HIRI is controversial and complicated. NO derived by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) shows a protective role in HIRI, while excessive NO derived by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) accelerates inflammation and increases oxidative stress, further aggravating HIRI. Nevertheless, the overexpression of eNOS may exacerbate HIRI and iNOS-derived NO in some cases reduces HIRI. Here we review the new progress in the understanding of the roles of NO during HIRI: (1) NO possesses different roles in HIRI by increasing NO bioavailability, down-regulating leukotriene C4 synthase, inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factorκB (NFκB) pathway, enhancing cell autophagy, and reducing inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS). And NO has both protective and deleterious effects by regulating apoptotic factors; (2) eNOS promotes NO production and suppresses its own overexpression, exerting a hepatoprotective effect reversely. Its activation is regulated by the PI3K/Akt and KLF2/AMPK pathways; and (3) iNOS derived NO mainly has deteriorating effects on HIRI, while it may have a protective function under some conditions. Their expression should reach a balance to reduce the adverse side and make NO protective in the treatment of HIRI. Thus, it can be inferred that NO modulating drugs may be a new direction in the treatment of HIRI or may be used as an adjunct to mitigate HIRI for the purpose of protecting the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Zhang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Ran Liu
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Wen Yang
- Department of Surgery, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Xu Y, Zhang Z, Wang B, He X, Tang J, Peng W, Zhou J, Wang Y. Flammulina velutipes Polysaccharides Modulate Gut Microbiota and Alleviate Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Injury in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847653. [PMID: 35401429 PMCID: PMC8986159 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury mouse model is used to study the regulation of gut microbiota and hepatoprotective effect of polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes (FVPs). The hepatoprotective effect of the FVPs leads to reduced levels of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), total bile acid (TBA) content, and change in liver histopathology. Their anti-oxidant activity is exhibited by decreased levels of hepatic malonaldehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) content and increased catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content. The anti-inflammatory ability of the FVPs is reflected in a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α). 16S rRNA sequencing shows that the FVPs change the composition of the gut microbiota. A subsequent metabolomics analysis of the gut bacteria (UHPLC-MS/MS-based) revealed that fatty acid biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 play important roles in the hepatoprotective effect. This study provides a potential way to modulate gut microbiota and manage liver diseases using natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyin Xu
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan He
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihong Peng
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Preservation and Processing, Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
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19
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Zhang J, Zhang MK, Ma HM, Song XC, Wu YN, Zhang R, He LL, Ye XH, Gao MX, Li X. C6orf120 gene deficiency may be vulnerable to carbon tetrachloride induced acute hepatic injury in rats. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:1626-1637. [PMID: 36457959 PMCID: PMC9710269 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.93214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The function of the C6orf120 gene, which encodes an N-glycosylated protein, remains unknown. The study was performed to characterize the utility of the C6orf120 gene in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury and to elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms by establishing a C6orf120 gene-knockout (C6orf120-/-) rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS C6orf120-/- and wild-type (WT) rats were intraperitoneally administered with CCl4 (1 : 1 v/v in olive oil, 2 µl/g). Rats were sacrificed 24 h after CCl4 administration. Liver tissues were collected for H&E, IHC, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS C6orf120 gene deficiency may be vulnerable to CCl4-induced acute liver injury in rats as indicated by the high levels of alanine aminotransferase (WT: 388.7 ±55.96 vs. C6orf120-/-: 915.9 ±118.8, p < 0.001) and greater degree of pathological damage. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that the mRNA levels of inflammation-associated cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, in liver tissues were increased in C6orf120-/- rats compared with those in WT rats. Moreover, western blot showed that the protein expression of cytokines nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, IL-1β, nuclear factor-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and Bax were increased in C6orf120-/- rats compared with those in WT rats. CONCLUSIONS C6orf120-/- rats were susceptible to CCl4-induced liver injury, which may be related to NLRP3 inflammasome and JNK signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Man-ka Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-min Ma
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-cheng Song
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-ni Wu
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-ling He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-hui Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-xin Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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20
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El-Aarag B, Attia A, Zahran M, Younes A, Tousson E. New phthalimide analog ameliorates CCl 4 induced hepatic injury in mice via reducing ROS formation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6384-6395. [PMID: 34764756 PMCID: PMC8568827 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed, for the first time, to examine the biochemical effects of new phthalimide analog, 2-[2-(2-Bromo-1-ethyl-1H-indol-3-yl) ethyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, compared to thalidomide drug against liver injury induced in mice. Carbon tetrachloride was intraperitoneal injected in mice for 6 consecutive weeks at a dose of 0.4 mL/kg twice a week for liver injury induction. Histopathological examination, levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and antioxidant enzymes were determined. Additionally, the protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, proliferating cell nuclear protein, tumor necrosis factor-alfa, nuclear factor kappa B-p65, B-cell lymphoma-2, and cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 were determined. Results revealed that the treatment with phthalimide analog improved the detected liver damage and presented an obvious antioxidant activity through decreasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels accompanied by increasing the levels of the antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the analog exhibited an effective inhibitory activity towards the studied protein expressions in liver tissues. Moreover, the B-cell lymphoma-2 protein level was increased while the cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 level was suppressed after the treatment with phthalimide analog. Together, these results propose that phthalimide analog can ameliorate carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice through its potent inhibition mediating effect in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishoy El-Aarag
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa Attia
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Magdy Zahran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Ali Younes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32512, Egypt
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt
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21
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Fernandes JC, Schemitt EG, Da Silva J, Marroni NP, Lima A, Ferreira RB. Combination of Trans-Resveratrol and ε-Viniferin Induces a Hepatoprotective Effect in Rats with Severe Acute Liver Failure via Reduction of Oxidative Stress and MMP-9 Expression. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113677. [PMID: 34835933 PMCID: PMC8622851 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stilbenes are a major grapevine class of phenolic compounds, known for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, but never studied in combination. We aimed to evaluate the effect of trans-resveratrol + ε-viniferin as an antioxidant mixture and its role in inflammatory development an in vivo model of severe acute liver failure induced with TAA. Trans-resveratrol + trans-ε-viniferin (5 mg/kg each) was administered to Wistar rats. Resveratrol + ε-viniferin significantly decreased TBARS and SOD activity and restored CAT and GST activities in the treated group. This stilbene combination reduced the expression of TNFα, iNOS, and COX-2, and inhibited MMP-9. The combination of resveratrol + ε-viniferin had a hepatoprotective effect, reducing DNA damage, exhibiting a protective role on the antioxidant pathway by altering SOD, CAT, and GST activities; by downregulating TNFα, COX-2, and iNOS; and upregulating IL-10. Our results suggested that adding viniferin to resveratrol may be more effective in hepatoprotection than resveratrol alone, opening a new perspective on using this stilbene combination in functional diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C. Fernandes
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.); (R.B.F.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.F.); Tel.: +351-213-653-414
| | - Elizângela G. Schemitt
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil; (E.G.S.); (N.P.M.)
| | - Juliana Da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas 92425-900, Brazil;
| | - Norma P. Marroni
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil; (E.G.S.); (N.P.M.)
| | - Ana Lima
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.); (R.B.F.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo B. Ferreira
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.); (R.B.F.)
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22
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Zhang YX, Li C, Liang XR, Jin JQ, Zhang Y, Xu F, Guan J, Ma YY, Ma XN, Liu RK, Fu JH. Role of 5-HT degradation in acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174355. [PMID: 34280394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is involved in the pathological processes of several liver diseases. Acute liver injury underlies the development of many liver diseases, but the mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of 5-HT in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced with CCl4 (10 mg/kg) in mice pretreated with the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist sarpogrelate hydrochloride (SH) and the 5-HT synthesis inhibitor carbidopa (CDP). LO2 cells were treated with CCl4, 5-HT or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-idopametamine and pretreated with SH, CDP or the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor clorgyline. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, Real-time quantitative PCR, western blotting, fluorescent probe and biochemical markers were used to evaluate liver compromise. 5-HT2A receptor, 5-HT synthetase and MAO-A were expressed in hepatocytes; their gene and protein expression were upregulated by CCl4, which led to the degradation of mitochondrial 5-HT and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hepatic injury may be aggravated by ROS, which induce oxidative stress and the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular regulated protein kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nuclear factor kappa-B. 5-HT2A receptor may contribute to acute liver injury by modulating 5-HT synthase and MAO-A expression. The synergistic action of SH and CDP treatment may inhibit CCl4-induced acute liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, CCl4-induced acute liver injury is due to an increase in mitochondrial ROS production caused by increased 5-HT degradation and probably involves increases in 5-HT2A receptor expression and 5-HT synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chen Li
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiu-Rui Liang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia-Qi Jin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying-Ying Ma
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Ma
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Center of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Run-Kun Liu
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Ji-Hua Fu
- Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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Xu Y, Xie L, Tang J, He X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Zhou J, Gan B, Peng W. Morchella importuna Polysaccharides Alleviate Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Injury in Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:669331. [PMID: 34413784 PMCID: PMC8369260 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.669331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Morchella importuna polysaccharides (MIPs) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in mice. A total of 144 female mice were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, namely, control, CCl4, low-dose MIP (LMIP) group, and high-dose MIP (HMIP) group. After the 10-day experiment, serum and liver were sampled for biochemical and metabolomic analyses. The HMIPs markedly decreased the liver weight under CCl4 intoxication. Furthermore, the significantly elevated concentrations of five serum biochemical parameters, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and total bile acid under CCl4 treatment were subverted by MIP administration in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, MIPs relieved the increased hepatic malonaldehyde and protein carbonyl content and the decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase contents caused by CCl4 intoxication. There was also a dose-dependent decrease in the CCl4-induced inflammatory indices, such as the levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and myeloperoxidase, with MIP administration. Subsequent ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based serum metabolomics identified nine metabolites between the control and CCl4 groups and 10 metabolites between the HMIP and CCl4 groups, including some critical metabolites involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and toxicant degradation. These novel findings indicate that MIPs may be of therapeutic value in alleviating the oxidative stress and inflammation caused by CCl4. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics provides a valuable opportunity for identifying potential biomarkers and elucidating the protective mechanisms of medicinal mushrooms against hepatic oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyin Xu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Xie
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Tang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan He
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingcheng Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihong Peng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
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24
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Putative abrogation impacts of Ajwa seeds on oxidative damage, liver dysfunction and associated complications in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5305-5318. [PMID: 34244886 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrial toxicants such as Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are known to disrupt the oxidative-antioxidative balance, which generates excessive amounts of free radicals leading to chronic or acute liver damage. Natural antioxidants, including Ajwa, play an important role in protecting against hepatotoxicity. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigated the prophylactic impacts of ajwa seeds aqueous extract (ASE) against hepatic oxidative injury in rats induced by CCl4. Eighty male Wistar albino rats were equally assigned to eight groups: one group receive no treatment, four groups were received CCl4-olive oil mixture [1:1(v/v)] (0.2 ml/100 g body weight (bw), intraperitoneally) two times/week for 4 weeks/rat alone or with 200 mg Vit. C/kg bw or 5 ml ASE/rat or both, and three groups received olive oil, Vit. C, or ASE. Vitamin C and ASE were orally administrated two weeks before CCl4 injection and 4 weeks concomitant with CCl4. Lipid peroxidation, lipogenesis-related genes, hepatic histopathology, Bax immunostaining and DNA fragmentation were assessed. ASE protected hepatic damage by suppressing oxidative stress and elevating activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and catalase. ASE also regulated hepatic dyslipidemia, hepatic lipid accumulation and expression of SREBP-1 and FAS genes in CCl4-treated rats. ASE decreased apoptosis through inhibition of CCl4 induced Bax activation in hepatocytes. CONCLUSION These observations provide evidence for the hepatoprotective potential of ASE via inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and oxidative stress, suggesting being used as a natural product in attenuating CCl4 induced oxidative damage, hepatotoxicity and associated dysfunction.
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25
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Ma L, Li C, Lian S, Xu B, Lv H, Liu Y, Lu J, Ji H, Li S, Guo J, Yang H. Procyanidin B2 alleviates liver injury caused by cold stimulation through Sonic hedgehog signalling and autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8015-8027. [PMID: 34155807 PMCID: PMC8358862 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Procyanidin B2 (PB2), a naturally occurring flavonoid abundant in a wide range of fruits, has been shown to exert antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, the role of PB2 in the prevention of cold stimulation (CS)‐induced liver injury. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of PB2 on liver injury induced by cold stimulation and its potential molecular mechanisms. The present study results showed that treatment with PB2 significantly reduced CS‐induced liver injury by alleviating histopathological changes and serum levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. Moreover, treatment with PB2 inhibited secretion of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in cold‐stimulated mice. PB2 reduced cold stimulation‐induced inflammation by inhibiting TLR4/NF‐κB and Txnip/NLRP3 signalling. Treatment with PB2 reduced oxidative stress by activating Nrf‐2/Keap1, AMPK/GSK3β signalling pathways and autophagy. Furthermore, simultaneous application of Shh pathway inhibitor cyclopamine proved that PB2 targets the Hh pathway. More importantly, co‐treatment with PB2 and cyclopamine showed better efficacy than monotherapy. In conclusion, our findings provide new evidence that PB2 has protective potential against CS‐induced liver injury, which might be closely linked to the inhibition of Shh signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Chengxu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shuai Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongming Lv
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shize Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Huanmin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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26
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Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and ALOX12 and NF-κB Pathways Contribute to the Protective Effect of Baicalein on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060976. [PMID: 34207230 PMCID: PMC8235740 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the protective effect of baicalein on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were orally administrated baicalein at 25 and 100 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days or ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) at 10 mg/kg was i.p. injected in mice at 2 and 24 h prior to CCl4 injection or the vehicle. Our results showed that baicalein or Fer-1 supplementation significantly attenuated CCl4 exposure-induced elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels in the liver tissues and unregulated glutathione levels. Baicalein treatment inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, activated the erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway in liver tissues, and markedly improved CCl4-induced apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis in liver tissues exposed with CCl4. In vitro, baicalein treatment improved CCl4 -induced decreases of cell viabilities and knockdown of Nrf2 and arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) genes partly abolished the protective effect of baicalein on CCl4 -induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our results reveal that baicalein supplementation ameliorates CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice by upregulating the antioxidant defense pathways and downregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis, which involved the activation of Nrf2 pathway and the inhibition of ALOX12 and NF-κB pathways.
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27
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Xu M, Chen X, Huang Z, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Chen H, Yu J, Luo Y, Zheng P. Procyanidin B2 induces porcine skeletal slow-twitch myofiber gene expression by AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 33:346-355. [PMID: 34061706 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1927065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, our aim is to investigate the effect of dimer procyanidin B2 [epicatechin-(4β-8)-epicatechin] (PB2) on porcine skeletal myofiber gene expression in vitro. Our data showed PB2 promoted the protein expression of slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in porcine myotubes, concomitant with the increases in mRNA levels of MyHC I, MyHC IIa and Tnni1. We also found PB2 activated AMPK signaling in porcine myotubes. NRF1 and CaMKKβ that are two important upstream factors of AMPK, and Sirt1 and PGC-1α that are two major downstream factors of AMPK, were also up-regulated by PB2. The mechanism study showed the effect of PB2 on slow-twitch myofiber gene expression was abolished by AMPK inhibitor compound C or by AMPKα1 siRNA. Together, we found PB2 induced porcine skeletal slow-twitch myofiber gene expression by AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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28
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Zhang ZD, Yang YJ, Liu XW, Qin Z, Li SH, Li JY. The Protective Effect of Aspirin Eugenol Ester on Paraquat-Induced Acute Liver Injury Rats. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:589011. [PMID: 33392217 PMCID: PMC7773779 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.589011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. The study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of AEE on paraquat-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in rats. AEE was against ALI by decreasing alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels in blood, increasing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels, and decreasing malondialdehyde levels in blood and liver. A total of 32 metabolites were identified as biomarkers by using metabolite analysis of liver homogenate based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, which belonged to purine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, histidine metabolism, pantothenate, and CoA biosynthesis, ether lipid metabolism, beta-Alanine metabolism, lysine degradation, cysteine, and methionine metabolism. Western blotting analyses showed that Bax, cytochrome C, caspase-3, caspase-9, and apoptosis-inducing factor expression levels were obviously decreased, whereas Bcl-2 expression levels obviously increased after AEE treatment. AEE exhibited protective effects on PQ-induced ALI, and the underlying mechanism is correlated with antioxidants that regulate amino acid, phospholipid and energy metabolism metabolic pathway disorders and alleviate liver mitochondria apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Dong Zhang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xi-Wang Liu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhe Qin
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shi-Hong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
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29
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Polyphenolic extracts from Wushan tea leaves attenuate hepatic injury in CCl4-treated mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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30
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Zhou J, Liu X, Chen T, Cheng G, Cai S. Preventive effect of ethanol extract from Chinese sumac fruits against tetrachloromethane-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:7061-7072. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chinese sumac (Rhus chinensis Mill.) fruits effectively prevent CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexin Zhou
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Taiming Chen
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
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31
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Diao JX, Ou JY, Dai H, Li HY, Huang W, Hua HY, Xie T, Wang M, Yang YG. Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Polyphenols from Green Tea Extract Ameliorate CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 26:736-744. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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32
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A strategy for quality evaluation of salt-treated Apocyni Veneti Folium and discovery of efficacy-associated markers by fingerprint-activity relationship modeling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16666. [PMID: 31723166 PMCID: PMC6853957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a fingerprint-activity relationship between chemical fingerprints and hepatoprotective activity was established to evaluate the quality of salt-treated Apocyni Veneti Folium (AVF). Characteristic fingerprints of AVF samples exposed to different concentrations of salt were generated by ultrafast liquid chromatography tandem triple time-of-flight mass/mass spectrometry (UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS), and a similarity analysis was performed based on common characteristic peaks by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Then, the hepatoprotective activity of AVF against CCl4-induced acute liver damage in mice was investigated by assessing biochemical markers and histopathology, which showed that a high dose of AVF exposed to low levels of salt stress produced a marked amelioration of hepatic damage compared with the other salt-treated AVF. Finally, fingerprint-activity relationship modeling, which was capable of discovering the bioactive markers used in the quality evaluation, was investigated by the chemical fingerprints and the hepatoprotective activities utilizing multivariate statistical analysis, gray correlation analysis (GCA) and bivariate correlation analysis (BCA). The results showed that the accumulation of polyphenols, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, in AVF subjected to low levels of salt stress could result in the effective scavenging of free radicals. Therefore, the present study may provide a powerful strategy to holistically evaluate the quality of salt-treated AVF in combination with chemical fingerprint and bioactivity evaluation.
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Protective Effects of Flavone from Tamarix aphylla against CCl 4-Induced Liver Injury in Mice Mediated by Suppression of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205215. [PMID: 31640181 PMCID: PMC6829218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the beneficial effects of 3,5-dihydroxy-4',7-dimethoxyflavone isolated from Tamarix aphylla L. against liver injury in mice. Liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) at a dose of 0.4 mL/kg mixed in olive oil at ratio (1:4) twice a week for 6 consecutive weeks. The administration of CCl4 caused significant histopathological changes in liver tissues while the pre-treatment with the flavone at dose of 10 and 25 mg/kg ameliorated the observed liver damages. Also, it markedly reduced hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level as well as increased the activities of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) compared with their recorded levels in CCl4 model group. Moreover, the immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the enhancement in the protein level of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) while the protein levels of cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 (caspase-3), Bcl-2-associated x protein (Bax), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and CD31 were suppressed following the flavone treatement. These results suggest that the flavone can inhibit liver injury induced in mice owning to its impact on the oxidation, apoptotic and angiogenesis mechanisms. Further pharmacological investigations are essential to determine the effectiveness of the flavone in human.
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34
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Jiang Y, Wang X, Yang W, Gui S. Procyanidin B2 Suppresses Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Human Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Lung Fibroblasts. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 40:54-63. [PMID: 31603717 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by acute lung inflammation and apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) with a high morbidity and mortality. Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) is a naturally occurring flavonoid with anti-inflammatory activity. Our previous study demonstrated that PCB2 inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and ameliorated paraquat-induced ALI in rat, indicating the protective role of PCB2. As lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute cell injury and dysfunction, we continued to evaluate the protective effects of PCB2 using LPS-treated human AECs and lung fibroblasts (LFs) model. We tested the effects of PCB2 on cell permeability, viability, apoptosis, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and proinflammatory cytokines production in LPS-treated human AECs and LFs. PCB2 prevented LPS-induced cell apoptosis, and increased the cell viability in LPS-treated human AECs and LFs. PCB2 inhibited LPS-induced Bax and active caspase-3 expression, and promoted Bcl-2 expression. PCB2 prevented LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β expression, NF-κB activation, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. PCB2 suppressed LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in human AECs and LFs by inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinling Jiang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Respiratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Department of Respiratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuyu Gui
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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35
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Ben Hsouna A, Gargouri M, Dhifi W, Saibi W. Antioxidant and hepato-preventive effect of Citrus aurantium extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and characterisation of its bioactive compounds by HPLC-MS. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:332-343. [PMID: 29663826 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1461233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore the preventive effects of ethyl acetate fraction from Citrus aurantium leaf extract (EACA), associated with its phytochemical content, against the toxic impacts of acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the liver of adult rats. HPLC analysis of ethyl acetate fraction from extract C. aurantium revealed eight compounds. Administration of a single dose of CCl4 caused hepatoxicity as monitored by an increase in lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and in protein carbonyl level but a decrease in antioxidant markers in the liver tissue. The pre-treatment with EACA; significantly prevented the increased plasma levels of hepatic markers and lipid levels induced by CCl4 in rats. Furthermore, this fraction ameliorated biochemical and histological parameters as compared to CCl4-treated group. Our results suggest that C. aurantium contains promising substances to counteract the CCl4 intoxication and can be efficient in the prevention of hepatotoxicity complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ben Hsouna
- a Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Manel Gargouri
- b Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Wissal Dhifi
- c Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-GeoRessources (BVBGR), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet (ISBST), University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Walid Saibi
- a Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
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Feng J, Wang C, Liu T, Li J, Wu L, Yu Q, Li S, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Chen J, Ji J, Chen K, Mao Y, Wang F, Dai W, Fan X, Wu J, Guo C. Procyanidin B2 inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells and angiogenesis via the Hedgehog pathway during liver fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6479-6493. [PMID: 31328391 PMCID: PMC6714206 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver fibrosis is a wound‐healing process of liver featured by the over‐deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and angiogenesis. However, the effective treatment is lacking. Procyanidin B2 (PB2) is a flavonoid extract abundant in grape seeds with anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer properties. The present study aimed to determine effects of PB2 on liver fibrosis. Method The CCl4‐induced mouse liver fibrosis model and a human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line (LX2 cells) were used to study the activation, ECM production and angiogenesis of HSCs through Western blotting analysis, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and tubulogenesis assay. A Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor (cyclopamine) and Smoothened agonist (SAG) were used to investigate the role of PB2 on Hh pathway. Results The results showed that PB2 could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of HSCs. PB2 could also down‐regulate the expressions of VEGF‐A, HIF‐1α, α‐SMA, Col‐1 and TGF‐β1 of HSCs in vivo and in vitro. The application of SAG and cyclopamine proved that PB2 targets on Hh pathway. Conclusions PB2 inhibited the Hh pathway to suppress the activation, ECM production and angiogenesis of HSCs, therefore reverses the progression of liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Mao
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Jinshan, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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37
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Zhang WY, Hu XF, Wan N, Zhang JF, Yang P, Wen Q, Chen WJ, Zhu F, Liang ML, Cheng LX, Shu YW. Protective effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:386-392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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38
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Feng J, Wu L, Ji J, Chen K, Yu Q, Zhang J, Chen J, Mao Y, Wang F, Dai W, Xu L, Wu J, Guo C. PKM2 is the target of proanthocyanidin B2 during the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:204. [PMID: 31101057 PMCID: PMC6525465 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment for advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is sorafenib (SORA), while HCC has become increasingly drug resistant with enhanced aerobic glycolysis. The present study aimed to examine the chemotherapeutic effects of a flavonoid proanthocyanidin B2 (PB2) on HCC. METHODS Five kinds of HCC cell lines and LO2 were used to test the effect of PB2 on aerobic glycolysis. The proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and a xenograft mouse model were analyzed. Lentivirus overexpressed pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) or sh-PKM2 was used to verify the target of PB2. The detailed mechanism was investigated by immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, and western blotting. RESULTS PB2 inhibited the proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, and triggered apoptosis of HCC cells in vivo and in vitro. PB2 also suppressed glucose uptake and lactate levels via the direct inhibition of the key glycolytic enzyme, PKM2. In addition, PKM2 inhibited the nuclear translocation of PKM2 and co-localization of PKM2/HIF-1α in the nucleus, leading to the inhibition of aerobic glycolysis. Co-treatment with PB2 was also effective in enhancing the chemosensitivity of SORA. CONCLUSIONS PB2 inhibited the expression and nuclear translocation of PKM2, therefore disrupting the interaction between PKM2/HSP90/HIF-1α, to suppress aerobic glycolysis and proliferation, and trigger apoptosis in HCC via HIF-1α-mediated transcription suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
- Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
- Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
- Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Yuqing Mao
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336 China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 1291, Jiangning Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200060 China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 301, Middle Yanchang Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200072 China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, NO. 1291, Jiangning Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200060 China
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Nie Y, Stürzenbaum SR. Proanthocyanidins of Natural Origin: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Lipid Disorder and Aging-Associated Diseases. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:464-478. [PMID: 30926997 PMCID: PMC6520035 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins are phytonutrients formed by oligomerization or polymerization of subunits catechin, epicatechin, and their gallic acid esters. Proanthocyanidins are a component of many plants and thus form an integral part of the human diet. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins are currently marketed as medicinal products that target vascular disorders and chronic pathological conditions, many of which are age-associated. Proanthocyanidins are also characterized by their effects on energy homeostasis. Not dissimilar to their chemically synthesized counterparts, naturally extracted proanthocyanidins act via inhibition of lipases, stimulation of energy expenditure, or suppression of appetite. Here we review the current knowledge-base and highlight challenges and future impacts regarding involvement of proanthocyanidins in global lipid metabolism, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms and pathological conditions that progress with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nie
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R Stürzenbaum
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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40
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Elkhoely A. Diallyl sulfide ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via suppressing stress-activated MAPK signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22307. [PMID: 30811752 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The underlined effects of diallyl sulfide (DAS) against CCL4 -induced oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic acute hepatic damage were assessed. Administration of DAS (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) along with CCL 4 effectively mitigated serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1 levels, as well as significantly restored HO-1, GSH levels and SOD activity in liver tissues compared with those in rats treated with CCL 4 . Moreover, DAS inhibited CCL 4 -induced increase of liver NF-κB (p65), Bax, p38 MAPK, and JNK protein expression. In addition, DAS accelerated protein expression of Nrf2 and Bcl-2. The hepatoprotective properties of DAS were further confirmed by the reduced severity of hepatic damage as demonstrated by histopathological findings. In conclusion, DAS achieved its protective potential against CCL4-induced hepatotoxicity through antiapoptotic activity, as well as the synchronized modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 for the favor of antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects via suppression of the upstream stress-activated MAPKs pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Elkhoely
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Egypt
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41
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Rahmani AH, Almatroudi A, Babiker AY, Khan AA, Alsahli MA. Thymoquinone, an Active Constituent of Black Seed Attenuates CCl4 Induced Liver Injury in Mice via Modulation of Antioxidant Enzymes, PTEN, P53 and VEGF Protein. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:311-317. [PMID: 30833993 PMCID: PMC6390143 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible protective role of thymoquinone on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS: The activities of liver function enzymes and antioxidant enzymes were measured. Haematoxylin-Eosin staining was performed to analyze the live tissue alterations. Additionally, expression pattern of different proteins was evaluated through immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS: The antioxidants enzymes activities were decreased significantly in the CCl4 induced group whereas recovery/increase of antioxidant enzymes was observed when thymoquinone was given to the mice. Moreover, thymoquinone administration significantly decrease the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Liver tissue alterations were noted in CCl4 treated group whereas treatment with thymoquinone significantly prevented the CCl4-induced histological alteration. The expression of PTEN protein was high in CCl4 plus thymoquinone treated group while the loss of PTEN protein expression was observed in CCl4 treated group. Moreover, high expression of P53 protein was noticed in CCl4 treated the group as compared to CCl4 plus thymoquinone group. Difference in expression pattern of PTEN and p53 protein in CCl4 group and thymoquinone plus CCl4 treated group was statically significant (p < 0.05). Besides, expression of VEGF was high in CCl4 treated group as well as thymoquinone plus CCl4 treated group and difference in expression pattern was statically insignificant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that thymoquinone can protect CCl4 induced liver damage and could be a preventive drug in the development of novel therapeutic agents for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Yousif Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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42
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Castanopsis lamontii Water Extract Shows Potential in Suppressing Pathogens, Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Injury. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020273. [PMID: 30642065 PMCID: PMC6359260 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Castanopsis lamontii is traditionally used to prevent inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis and pharyngitis by residents in southwest China. However, little scientific evidence has been found to support this. In this research, the antibacterial activities of Castanopsis lamontii water extract (CLE) were assessed using the micro-dilution method. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of CLE were investigated in RAW264.7 cells. Key bioactive compounds in CLE were also explored. Results showed that CLE was capable of inhibiting the periodontitis pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis and the pharyngitis pathogen β-hemolytic Streptococcus. It suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells via inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Besides, it reduced oxidative stress-induced cell injury via scavenging reactive oxygen species. Chemical composition analysis revealed that CLE was rich in epicatechin and procyanidin B2. Further studies confirmed that epicatechin predominantly contributed to the antibacterial activities of CLE, while procyanidin B2 was mainly responsible for the anti-inflammatory activities of CLE. Both compounds contributed to the antioxidant activities of CLE. Acute oral toxicity tests proved that CLE was practically non-toxic. These results provide experimental evidences of the health-beneficial effects of CLE and may help promote the application of CLE in the food and health industries.
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43
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Lee Y, Cho IJ, Kim JW, Lee M, Ku SK, Choi J, Lee H. Hepatoprotective effects of blue honeysuckle on CCl 4-induced acute liver damaged mice. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:322-338. [PMID: 30680187 PMCID: PMC6341158 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of blue honeysuckle (BH) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatic damage in mice. The experiment used a total of 60 ICR mice, which were divided into six groups. Except for the intact control groups, all groups received a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 after a 7 day pre-treatment period with distilled water, BH extracts, or silymarin. Twenty-four hours after the CCl4 injection, the following observations, representative of classical oxidative stress-mediated centrolobular necrotic acute liver injuries, were observed: decreased body weight; small nodule formation and enlargement on the gross inspections with related liver weight increase; elevation of serum AST and ALT, increases in hepatic lipid peroxidation and related depletion of endogenous antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes; centrolobular necrosis; increases in apoptotic markers, lipid peroxidation markers, and oxidative stress markers. However, liver damage was significantly inhibited by the pre-treatment with BH extracts. The present study demonstrated that oral administration of BH extracts prior to exposure to CCl4 conferred favorable hepatoprotective effects. These results demonstrated that BHe possessed suitable properties for use as a potent hepatoprotective medicinal food.
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Affiliation(s)
- You‐Suk Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionCollege of BioNano TechnologyGachon UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doKorea
| | - Il Je Cho
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal FormulationDepartment of Herbal FormulationCollege of Oriental MedicineDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan‐siGyeongdanuk‐doKorea
| | | | - Min‐Ki Lee
- Department of Physical EducationKongju National UniversityKongju‐siChngcheongnam‐doKorea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and HistologyCollege of Korean MedicineDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan‐siGyeongdanuk‐doKorea
| | - Jae‐Suk Choi
- Division of BioindustryCollege of Medical and Life SciencesSilla UniversityBusanKorea
| | - Hae‐Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and NutritionCollege of BioNano TechnologyGachon UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doKorea
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Lee YS, Cho IJ, Kim JW, Lee SK, Ku SK, Lee HJ. Evaluation of in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Korean and Chinese Lonicera caerulea. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:486-493. [PMID: 30515276 PMCID: PMC6277309 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.6.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The honeysuckle berry (HB) contains ascorbic acid and phenolic components, especially anthocyanins, flavonoids, and low-molecular-weight phenolic acids. In order to examine the potential of HB as a hepatoprotective medicinal food, we evaluated the in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Korean HB (HBK) and Chinese HB (HBC). MATERIALS/METHODS Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were examined in HepG2 and RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. The anti-oxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, SOD, CAT, and ARE luciferase activities. The production of nitric oxide (NO) as an inflammatory marker was also evaluated. The Nrf2-mediated mRNA levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (Nqo1), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) were measured. The concentrations of HB extracts used were 3, 10, 30, 100, and 300 µg/mL. RESULTS The radical scavenging activity of all HB extracts increased in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). SOD (P < 0.05) and CAT (P < 0.01) activities were increased by treatment with 300 µg/mL of each HB extract, when compared to those in the control. NO production was observed in cells pretreated with 100 or 300 µg/mL of HBC and HBK (P < 0.01). Treatment with 300 µg/mL of HBC significantly increased Nqo1 (P < 0.01) and Gclc (P < 0.05) mRNA levels compared to those in the control. Treatment with 300 µg/mL of HBK (P < 0.05) and HBC (P < 0.01) also significantly increased the HO-1 mRNA level compared to that in the control. CONCLUSIONS Thus, the Korean and Chinese HBs were found to possess favorable in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nrf2 and its related anti-oxidant genes were associated with both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in HB-treated cells. Further studies are needed to confirm these in vivo effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Suk Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea
| | - Il Je Cho
- The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Formulation and Department of Herbal Formulation, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk 38610, Korea
| | - Joo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Life Physical Education, Myongji University, Seoul 03674, Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Hanuidae-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38610, Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13120, Korea
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Soussi A, Gargouri M, El Feki A. Potential immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of walnut Juglans regia vegetable oil against lead-mediated hepatic damage and their interaction with lipase activity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1261-1271. [PMID: 30251767 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants, particularly lead, pose a serious threat to human and animal health that causes disturbances of several functions, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the search for a new treatment that could safely and effectively block or reverse liver injuries remains a challenge. This study was carried out to investigate the protective efficacy of Juglans regia vegetable oil (JRVO) against the hepatotoxicity induced by lead. To achieve this aim, adults male rats were treated for 10 days with Pb (0.344 g/kg bw) associated or not with JRVO (0.9 g/kg bw). The rats intoxicated by lead exhibited oxidative stress determined by TBARS, protein carbonyls, liver tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase-3, and antioxidant status: SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH. Administration of lead increased the levels of plasma hepatic markers (AST, ALT, LDH) and bilirubin, the lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL-Ch, LDL-Ch levels, TBARS, NOx, and PCO), the plasmatic lipase activity and the inflammatory markers, while the plasmatic ALP decreased. Coadministration of JRVO restored all the hepatic markers, the lipid profiles and the antioxidants to near-normal values and lowered the plasmatic lipase activity as well as the elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Hepatic histological studies confirmed the beneficial role of JRVO through the amelioration of all biochemical parameters. Our results suggest that Juglans regia vegetable oil contains promising substances to counteract the lead intoxication and may be efficient in the prevention of hepatotoxicity complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Soussi
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Gargouri
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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Achacha ( Garcinia humilis) Rind Improves Cardiovascular Function in Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101425. [PMID: 30287733 PMCID: PMC6213199 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinia humilis is a fruit known as achachairú. It is native to South American countries such as Bolivia, Peru, and Brazil, but it is also cultivated as achacha in northern Australia. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemicals in achacha rind and pulp and to investigate these components as potential treatments for the symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Both rind and pulp contain procyanidins and citric acid rather than hydroxycitric acid. Male Wistar rats (8⁻9 weeks old) were fed with either high-carbohydrate, high-fat, or corn starch diets for 16 weeks. Intervention groups were fed with either diet supplemented with 1.5% G. humilis rind powder or 2.0% G. humilis pulp for the last 8 weeks of the protocol. Rats fed a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet exhibited hypertension, dyslipidemia, central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. G. humilis rind decreased systolic blood pressure, diastolic stiffness, left ventricular inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen deposition in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats. However, there was no change in glucose tolerance, body weight, or body composition. Therefore, G. humilis rind, usually a food by-product, but not the edible pulp, showed potential cardioprotection with minimal metabolic changes in a rat model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.
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Su H, Li Y, Hu D, Xie L, Ke H, Zheng X, Chen W. Procyanidin B2 ameliorates free fatty acids-induced hepatic steatosis through regulating TFEB-mediated lysosomal pathway and redox state. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:269-286. [PMID: 30142454 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Procyanidin B2, a naturally occurring phenolic compound, has been reported to exert multiple beneficial functions. However, the effect of procyanidin B2 on free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced hepatic steatosis remains obscure. The present study is therefore aimed to elucidate the protective effect of procyanidin B2 against hepatic steatosis and its underlying mechanism. Herein, we reported that procyanidin B2 attenuated FFAs-induced lipid accumulation and its associated oxidative stress by scavenging excessive ROS and superoxide anion radicals, blocking loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, restoring glutathione content, and increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD and CAT) in hepatocytes. Procyanidin B2 mechanistically promoted lipid degradation via modulation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of lysosomal pathway. Molecular docking analysis indicated a possible ligand-binding position of procyanidin B2 with TFEB. In addition, administration of procyanidin B2 resulted in a significant reduction of hepatic fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, and also ameliorated HFD-induced metabolic abnormalities, including hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. It was confirmed that procyanidin B2 prevented HFD-induced hepatic fat accumulation through down-regulating lipogenesis-related gene expressions (PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP-1c), inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines production (IL-6 and TNF-α) and increasing antioxidant enzymes activity (GPx, SOD and CAT). Moreover, hepatic fatty acids analysis indicated that procyanidin B2 caused a significant increase in the levels of palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. Intriguingly, procyanidin B2 restored the decreased nuclear TFEB expression in HFD-induced liver steatosis and up-regulated its target genes involved in lysosomal pathway (Lamp1, Mcoln, Uvrag), which suggested a previously unrecognized mechanism of procyanidin B2 on ameliorating HFD-induced hepatic steatosis. Taken together, our results demonstrated that procyanidin B2 attenuated FFAs-induced hepatic steatosis through regulating TFEB-mediated lysosomal pathway and redox state, which had important implications that modulation of TFEB might be a potential therapeutic strategy for hepatic steatosis and procyanidin B2 could represent a promising novel agent in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Su
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dongwen Hu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lianghua Xie
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huihui Ke
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Ye X, He L, Ma J, Li Y, Zhang M, Yang J, Zhang J, Xiao F, Wei H. Downregulation of Glt25d1 aggravates carbon tetrachloride‑induced acute hepatic injury through activation of the TGF‑β1/Smad2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3611-3618. [PMID: 30132521 PMCID: PMC6131360 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen β (1-O) galactosyltransferase 1 (GLT25D1) has been reported to transfer galactose to hydroxylysine residues via β (1-O) linkages in collagen. The present study investigated the function of the collagen galactosyltransferase activity of GLT25D1 against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in vitro. Glt25d1+/− mice and wild-type (WT) mice were injected intraperitoneally with the same dose of CCl4. The grade of hepatic injury and the extent of hepatocyte necrosis in the acute phase were assessed 48 h following CCl4 injection. Hepatocyte necrosis was evaluated by histological examination and by serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, which were higher in the Glt25d1+/− mice compared with those in the WT mice. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed, and the results demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were significantly increased in the Glt25d1+/− mice. Furthermore, western blot analyses were performed, and the results demonstrated that the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and −9 were also markedly increased in the Glt25d1+/− liver, indicating that hepatocyte apoptosis was induced. Additionally, the expression levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and phosphorylated small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)2 were markedly upregulated, indicating activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway during CCl4-induced acute liver injury in Glt25d1+/− mice. CCl4 administration also resulted in severe damage to Glt25d1+/− primary hepatocytes in vitro. Taken together, the downregulation of Glt25d1 deteriorated CCl4-induced liver injury in mice, which may involve triggering inflammatory responses, apoptosis and TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Lingling He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Jiali Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Changping Hospital, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
| | - Manka Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Junru Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Department of Institute of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
| | - Hongshan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
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Tabeshpour J, Mehri S, Shaebani Behbahani F, Hosseinzadeh H. Protective effects of Vitis vinifera
(grapes) and one of its biologically active constituents, resveratrol, against natural and chemical toxicities: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2164-2190. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Student Research Committee; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurocognitive Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaebani Behbahani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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50
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Role of NADPH oxidase pathway in renal protection induced by procyanidin B2: In L-NAME induced rat hypertension model. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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