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Liu T, Zhen X, Lei H, Li J, Wang Y, Gou D, Zhao J. Investigating the physicochemical characteristics and importance of insoluble dietary fiber extracted from legumes: An in-depth study on its biological functions. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101424. [PMID: 38840726 PMCID: PMC11152658 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Legumes are widely appreciated for their abundant reserves of insoluble dietary fiber, which are characterized by their high fiber content and diverse bioactive compounds. Insoluble dietary fiber in leguminous crops is primarily localized in the structural cell walls and outer integument and exhibits strong hydrophilic properties that enable water absorption and volumetric expansion, resulting in increased food bulk and viscosity. This contributes to enhanced satiety and accelerated gastrointestinal transit. The benefits of legume insoluble dietary fiber extend to its notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties, as well as its ability to modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria while suppressing the proliferation of harmful pathogens, thereby promoting optimal intestinal health. It is highly valued as a valuable thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier, contributing to the texture and stability of a wide range of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Barrier-free for the Disabled Ministry of Education, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xinyu Zhen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongyu Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Junbo Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongxia Gou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Barrier-free for the Disabled Ministry of Education, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Barrier-free for the Disabled Ministry of Education, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China
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2
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McCarthy C, Papada E, Kalea AZ. The effects of cereal β-glucans on cardiovascular risk factors and the role of the gut microbiome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38826110 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2345159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome has emerged as a key influencer of human health and disease, particularly through interactions with dietary fiber. However, national dietary guidelines worldwide are only beginning to capitalize on the potential of microbiome research, which has established the vital role of host-microbe interactions in mediating the physiological effects of diet on overall health and disease. β-glucans have been demonstrated to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, leading to improved outcomes in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Raised serum cholesterol and blood pressure are important modifiable risk factors in the development of CVD and emerging evidence highlights the role of the gut microbiota in ameliorating such biomarkers and clinical characteristics of the disease. The proposed mechanism of action of β-glucans on the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. Validating gaps in the literature may substantiate β-glucans as a potential novel dietary therapy against modifiable risk factors for CVD and would further support the public health significance of including a habitual fiber-rich diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anastasia Z Kalea
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
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3
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Ekanayaka RA, de Silva P, Ekanayaka MK, Jayathilake W, Pathirana R, Amaratunga Y, De Silva PJ, Perera B. Effect of different forms of coconut on the lipid profile in normal free-living healthy subjects: A randomized controlled trial (Phase II). GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 7:100138. [PMID: 38357247 PMCID: PMC10864760 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2024.100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It has been postulated that the lipid effects of coconut could be mediated by its fatty acids, fiber and lysine/arginine ratio. Hence, the lipid effects of coconut oil could be different from the effects of the kernel flakes or milk extract because the constituents could be different in each coconut preparation. The present research investigated the lipid effects of different modes of coconut used in food preparation. Methods This study involved a total of 190 participants, randomized into four groups, which received coconut oil supplement (30 ml) (n = 53), kernel flakes (30 g) (n = 52) or coconut milk powder (30 g) (n = 44) for a period of 8 weeks. The control group (n = 41) received no supplement. Lipid assays were performed at baseline and at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks. The generalized estimating equations (GEE), ANOVA, and paired and independent t-tests were used in the analysis. Result The age range of the participants was 25-60 years, and 52.6% of them (n = 100) were men. Coconut milk supplementation induced beneficial changes in the lipid profile in that the LDL and non-HDL levels decreased while the HDL levels increased. The subgroup whose baseline LDL level was elevated appeared to benefit most from coconut milk supplementation. Coconut oil and kernel flakes failed to induce favorable lipid changes comparable to coconut milk supplementation. Conclusion Differing concentrations of protein, fat and fiber in coconut preparations could possibly explain the dissimilar effects on the lipid profile caused by the different coconut preparations. The benefits of coconut milk seen in the high basal LDL subgroup warrant a detailed study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R.P.M.M.R. Pathirana
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Colombo 00800, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - Bilesha Perera
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka
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4
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Mo Z, Zhan M, Yang X, Xie P, Xiao J, Cao Y, Xiao H, Song M. Fermented dietary fiber from soy sauce residue exerts antidiabetic effects through regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and gut microbiota-SCFAs-GPRs axis in type 2 diabetic mellitus mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132251. [PMID: 38729488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut plays a crucial role in the development and progression of metabolic disorders, particularly in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While a high intake of dietary fiber is inversely associated with the risk of T2DM, the specific effects of various dietary fibers on T2DM are not fully understood. This study investigated the anti-diabetic properties of fermented dietary fiber (FDF) derived from soy sauce residue in T2DM mice, demonstrating its ability to lower blood glucose levels and ameliorate insulin resistance. Our findings revealed that FDF could enhance hepatic glucose metabolism via the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Additionally, the anti-diabetic effect of FDF was correlated with alterations in gut microbiota composition in T2DM mice, promoting a healthier gut environment. Specifically, FDF increased the abundance of beneficial flora such as Dubosiella, Butyricimonas, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lactobacillus and Osillibacter, while reducing harmful bacteria including Bilophila, Parabacteroides and Enterorhabdus. Further analysis of microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs), provided evidence of FDF's regulatory effects on cecal contents in T2DM mice. Importantly, FDF treatment significantly restored the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) expression in the colon of T2DM mice. In conclusion, our study suggests that the anti-diabetic effects of FDF are associated with the regulation of both the liver-gut axis and the gut microbiota-SCFAs-GPRs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Minmin Zhan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peichun Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Mingyue Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Okamura T, Tsukamoto K, Arai H, Fujioka Y, Ishigaki Y, Koba S, Ohmura H, Shoji T, Yokote K, Yoshida H, Yoshida M, Deguchi J, Dobashi K, Fujiyoshi A, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Harada-Shiba M, Hirata T, Iida M, Ikeda Y, Ishibashi S, Kanda H, Kihara S, Kitagawa K, Kodama S, Koseki M, Maezawa Y, Masuda D, Miida T, Miyamoto Y, Nishimura R, Node K, Noguchi M, Ohishi M, Saito I, Sawada S, Sone H, Takemoto M, Wakatsuki A, Yanai H. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:641-853. [PMID: 38123343 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate school of Medicine
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | | | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine
- Current affiliation: Ishibashi Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University graduate School of medicine
| | - Kazuo Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisaku Masuda
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Innovative Medicine and Therapeutics, Dementia Care Center, Doctor's Support Center, Health Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Rimei Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Midori Noguchi
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Shojiro Sawada
- Division of Metabolism and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital
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Olteanu G, Ciucă-Pană MA, Busnatu ȘS, Lupuliasa D, Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Boroghină SC. Unraveling the Microbiome-Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5561. [PMID: 38791599 PMCID: PMC11122276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and far-reaching implications. The human microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health and disease. Through an extensive examination of current research, this review elucidates the dynamic interactions between the microbiome and host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include the establishment and maintenance of microbiota diversity, the influence of host factors on microbial composition, and the bidirectional communication pathways between microbiota and host cells. Furthermore, we delve into the functional implications of microbiome dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing its role in shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, and neurological functions. Additionally, this review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the microbiome to restore host-microbe homeostasis and promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents a groundbreaking therapeutic approach in the management of dysbiosis-related diseases, offering a promising avenue for restoring microbial balance within the gut ecosystem. This innovative therapy involves the transfer of fecal microbiota from a healthy donor to an individual suffering from dysbiosis, aiming to replenish beneficial microbial populations and mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings from diverse fields, this review offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between the microbiome and the human body, highlighting avenues for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Alexandra Ciucă-Pană
- Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Li J, Yang S, Liu D, Yan Q, Guo H, Jiang Z. Neoagarotetraose Alleviates Atherosclerosis via Modulating Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in ApoE -/- Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1502. [PMID: 38794740 PMCID: PMC11124046 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is closely associated with metabolic disorders such as cholesterol accumulation, bile acid metabolism, and gut dysbiosis. Neoagarotetraose supplementation has been shown to inhibit obesity and alleviate type 2 diabetes, but its effects on modulating the development of atherosclerosis remain unexplored. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of neoagarotetraose on high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. The results showed that neoagarotetraose supplementation decreased the atherosclerotic lesion area by 50.1% and the aortic arch lesion size by 80.4% compared to the HFHCD group. Furthermore, neoagarotetraose supplementation led to a significant reduction in hepatic lipid content, particularly non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It also resulted in a substantial increase in total bile acid content in both urine and fecal samples by 3.0-fold and 38.7%, respectively. Moreover, neoagarotetraose supplementation effectively downregulated the intestinal farnesoid X receptor by 35.8% and modulated the expressions of its associated genes in both the liver and intestine. In addition, correlation analysis revealed strong associations between gut microbiota composition and fecal bile acid levels. These findings highlight the role of gut microbiota in neoagarotetraose-mitigating atherosclerosis in HFHCD-fed ApoE-/- mice. This study indicates the potential of neoagarotetraose as a functional dietary supplement for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
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8
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Nitzke D, Czermainski J, Rosa C, Coghetto C, Fernandes SA, Carteri RB. Increasing dietary fiber intake for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1001-1010. [PMID: 38766430 PMCID: PMC11099360 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i5.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, non-communicable disease with a substantial global impact, affecting a significant number of individuals. Its etiology is closely tied to imbalanced dietary practices and sedentary lifestyles. Conversely, increasing die-tary fiber (DF) intake has consistently demonstrated health benefits in numerous studies, including improvements in glycemic control and weight management. AIM To investigate the efficacy of DF interventions in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the association between DF intake and the management of T2DM. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 26 studies were included in this review. RESULTS The main strategies implied to increased DF intake were: High DF diet plus acarbose (2 studies); DF supplements (14 studies); and high DF diets (10 studies). Overall, most studies indicated that increased DF intake resulted in im-provements in glycemic control and weight management in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION DF represents a valuable strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, improving health outcomes. DF intake offers the potential to improve quality of life and reduce complications and mortality associated with diabetes. Likewise, through supplements or enriched foods, DF contributes significantly to the control of several markers such as HbA1c, blood glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Nitzke
- Department of Nutrition, Centro Universitário CESUCA, Cachoeirinha 94935-630, Brazil
| | - Juliana Czermainski
- Department of Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90430-080, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rosa
- Department of Nutrition, Centro Universitário CESUCA, Cachoeirinha 94935-630, Brazil
| | - Chaline Coghetto
- Department of Nutrition, Centro Universitário CESUCA, Cachoeirinha 94935-630, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Alves Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Randhall B Carteri
- Department of Nutrition, Centro Universitário CESUCA, Cachoeirinha 94935-630, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
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9
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AlMarzooqi SK, Almarzooqi F, Sadida HQ, Jerobin J, Ahmed I, Abou-Samra AB, Fakhro KA, Dhawan P, Bhat AA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS. Deciphering the complex interplay of obesity, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and tight junction remodeling: Unraveling potential therapeutic avenues. Obes Rev 2024:e13766. [PMID: 38745386 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Obesity stands as a formidable global health challenge, predisposing individuals to a plethora of chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. A confluence of genetic polymorphisms, suboptimal dietary choices, and sedentary lifestyles significantly contribute to the elevated incidence of obesity. This multifaceted health issue profoundly disrupts homeostatic equilibrium at both organismal and cellular levels, with marked alterations in gut permeability as a salient consequence. The intricate mechanisms underlying these alterations have yet to be fully elucidated. Still, evidence suggests that heightened inflammatory cytokine levels and the remodeling of tight junction (TJ) proteins, particularly claudins, play a pivotal role in the manifestation of epithelial barrier dysfunction in obesity. Strategic targeting of proteins implicated in these pathways and metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids presents a promising intervention for restoring barrier functionality among individuals with obesity. Nonetheless, recognizing the heterogeneity among affected individuals is paramount; personalized medical interventions or dietary regimens tailored to specific genetic backgrounds and allergy profiles may prove indispensable. This comprehensive review delves into the nexus of obesity, tight junction remodeling, and barrier dysfunction, offering a critical appraisal of potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K AlMarzooqi
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fajr Almarzooqi
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ikhlak Ahmed
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid A Fakhro
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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10
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Tu Z, Yang J, Fan C. The role of different nutrients in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393378. [PMID: 38799425 PMCID: PMC11116626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular health is a hot topic around the world, and as the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases each year, people are increasingly focusing on the management of their heart health. Dietary and lifestyle changes as non-pharmacological treatments have been increasingly recognized as important in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and in reducing the risk of cardiovascular accidents. Awareness of different nutrients and their effects on cardiovascular health is important for establishing a good dietary pattern. This review summarizes the effects of the five major nutrients in the daily diet, namely carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fats, vitamins, and minerals, on cardiovascular health, and aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of a healthy dietary pattern on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Zambrano AK, Cadena-Ullauri S, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Guevara-Ramírez P, Frias-Toral E, Simancas-Racines D. Impact of fundamental components of the Mediterranean diet on the microbiota composition in blood pressure regulation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:417. [PMID: 38702795 PMCID: PMC11067105 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is a widely studied dietary pattern reflecting the culinary traditions of Mediterranean regions. High adherence to MedDiet correlates with reduced blood pressure and lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. Furthermore, microbiota, influenced by diet, plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health, and dysbiosis in CVD patients suggests the possible beneficial effects of microbiota modulation on blood pressure. The MedDiet, rich in fiber and polyphenols, shapes a distinct microbiota, associated with higher biodiversity and positive health effects. The review aims to describe how various Mediterranean diet components impact gut microbiota, influencing blood pressure dynamics. MAIN BODY The MedDiet promotes gut health and blood pressure regulation through its various components. For instance, whole grains promote a healthy gut microbiota given that they act as substrates leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that can modulate the immune response, preserve gut barrier integrity, and regulate energy metabolism. Other components of the MedDiet, including olive oil, fuits, vegetables, red wine, fish, and lean proteins, have also been associated with blood pressure and gut microbiota regulation. CONCLUSION The MedDiet is a dietary approach that offers several health benefits in terms of cardiovascular disease management and its associated risk factors, including hypertension. Furthermore, the intake of MedDiet components promote a favorable gut microbiota environment, which, in turn, has been shown that aids in other physiological processes like blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador.
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, 0901952, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
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12
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Fujiyoshi A, Kohsaka S, Hata J, Hara M, Kai H, Masuda D, Miyamatsu N, Nishio Y, Ogura M, Sata M, Sekiguchi K, Takeya Y, Tamura K, Wakatsuki A, Yoshida H, Fujioka Y, Fukazawa R, Hamada O, Higashiyama A, Kabayama M, Kanaoka K, Kawaguchi K, Kosaka S, Kunimura A, Miyazaki A, Nii M, Sawano M, Terauchi M, Yagi S, Akasaka T, Minamino T, Miura K, Node K. JCS 2023 Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease. Circ J 2024; 88:763-842. [PMID: 38479862 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Mitsuhiko Hara
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Wayo Women's University
| | - Hisashi Kai
- Department of Cardiology, Kurume Univeristy Medical Center
| | | | - Naomi Miyamatsu
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Yoshihiko Nishio
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Masatsune Ogura
- Department of General Medical Science, Chiba University School of Medicine
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | - Yasushi Takeya
- Division of Helath Science, Osaka University Gradiate School of Medicine
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | | | - Osamu Hamada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Takatsuki General Hospital
| | | | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Koshiro Kanaoka
- Department of Medical and Health Information Management, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kenjiro Kawaguchi
- Division of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | | | | | | | - Masaki Nii
- Department of Cardiology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital
| | - Mitsuaki Sawano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
- Yale New Haven Hospital Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation
| | | | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nishinomiya Watanabe Cardiovascular Cerebral Center
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Meidicine
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
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13
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Mukarram SA, Wandhekar SS, Ahmed AEM, Pandey VK, Csaba O, Lajos D, József P, Harsányi E, Bela K. Exploring the Ecological Implications, Gastronomic Applications, and Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential of Juglans regia L. (Green Walnut): A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1183. [PMID: 38674873 PMCID: PMC11055045 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The green walnut, which is frequently overlooked in favor of its more mature sibling, is becoming a topic of great significance because of its unique ecological role, culinary flexibility, and therapeutic richness. The investigation of the bioactive substances found in green walnuts and their possible effects on human health has therapeutic potential. Juglans regia L. is an important ecological component that affects soil health, biodiversity, and the overall ecological dynamic in habitats. Comprehending and recording these consequences are essential for environmental management and sustainable land-use strategies. Regarding cuisine, while black walnuts are frequently the main attraction, green walnuts have distinct tastes and textures that are used in a variety of dishes. Culinary innovation and the preservation of cultural food heritage depend on the understanding and exploration of these gastronomic characteristics. Omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals are abundant in green walnuts, which have a comprehensive nutritional profile. Walnuts possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cognitive-function-enhancing properties. Consuming green walnuts as part of one's diet helps with antioxidant defense, cardiovascular health, and general well-being. Juglans regia L., with its distinctive flavor and texture combination, is not only a delicious food but also supports sustainable nutrition practices. This review explores the nutritional and pharmacological properties of green walnuts, which can be further used for studies in various food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikh Ayaz Mukarram
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science & Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.E.M.A.); (K.B.)
- Doctoral School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Young Scientist, World Food Forum, I-00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Sangram S. Wandhekar
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Food Technology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani 431402, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abdelhakam Esmaeil Mohamed Ahmed
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science & Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.E.M.A.); (K.B.)
- Doctoral School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum North 13314, Sudan
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- RDC, Biotechnology Department, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad 121004, Haryana, India;
| | - Oláh Csaba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Borsod County Teaching Hospital, 3526 Miskolc, Hungary;
| | - Daróczi Lajos
- Y-Food Ltd., Dózsa György út 28/A, 4100 Berettyóújfalu, Hungary;
| | - Prokisch József
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Endre Harsányi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Agricultural Research Institutes and Academic Farming (AKIT), University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Kovács Bela
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science & Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.E.M.A.); (K.B.)
- Doctoral School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi út 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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14
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Heefner A, Simovic T, Mize K, Rodriguez-Miguelez P. The Role of Nutrition in the Development and Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:1136. [PMID: 38674827 PMCID: PMC11053888 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent lung condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The management of COPD classically involves pulmonary rehabilitation, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. An aspect of COPD management that is currently lacking in the literature is nutritional management, despite the prevalence of inadequate nutritional status in patients with COPD. In addition, certain nutritional imbalances have been reported to increase the risk of COPD development. This review summarizes the current literature on the role diet and nutrients may play in the risk and management of COPD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Heefner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Tijana Simovic
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Kasey Mize
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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15
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Kika J, Jakubczyk K, Ligenza A, Maciejewska-Markiewicz D, Szymczykowska K, Janda-Milczarek K. Matcha Green Tea: Chemical Composition, Phenolic Acids, Caffeine and Fatty Acid Profile. Foods 2024; 13:1167. [PMID: 38672839 PMCID: PMC11049459 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Matcha-Japanese powdered tea-is a variety of green tea (Camellia sinensis L.), one of the most popular beverages in the world. Due to the unique way it is grown, it contains high concentrations of health-promoting phytochemicals. The aim of this study was to determine the basic nutritional and phenolic composition of dry matcha green tea powder. The fibre content was determined according to the enzymatic-gravimetric method. Crude protein was measured by the Kjeldahl method. The total fat content was measured by the Soxhlet method, and the fatty acid profile was defined by the GC method. The determination of the phenolic acid and caffeine content was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The total fibre content of matcha was 56.1 g/100 g, with 52.8 g/100 g (94.1% of total fibre) of insoluble dietary fibre and 3.3 g/100 g of soluble fibre (5.9% of total fibre). The total protein content was 17.3 g/100 g. The total fat content in dry matcha was 7.285 g/100 g, comprising varying proportions of individual fatty acids, the highest ones being those of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. The caffeine content of matcha tea was 2213.492 µg/g. With regard to phenolic acids, the highest content was estimated for gallic acid (252.3755 µg/g). Matcha showed a particularly high content of total dietary fibre, with a predominance of the insoluble fraction. Matcha was found to be a valuable source of plant protein and unsaturated fatty acids, mostly of the omega-3 fatty acid family.
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16
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Yang M, Miao S, Hu W, Yan J. Association between the dietary inflammatory index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1046-1053. [PMID: 38218715 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Inflammation is pivotal in atherosclerosis development. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a tool to quantify the overall inflammatory potential of diet. The association between DII and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in ASCVD patients remains undetermined. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants included individuals with ASCVD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018. A total of 5006 participants were included, during a median of 6.6 years of follow-up, of which 2220 (44.4 %) were dead. The Cox proportional hazard model evaluated the association between DII and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Participants in the higher DII quartile exhibited a higher mortality of ASCVD. Compared with the patients in quartile 1, those in quartile 4 had a 34 % increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 1.34, 95 % CI = 1.21-1.61, p = 0.001). Cardiovascular mortality showed a similar trend, however the correlation is not significant. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) showed that the relationship between DII and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was linear. Subgroup analysis revealed a persistently positive association between DII and all-causemortality across population subgroups. However, an interaction was detected between DII and alcohol history in relation to cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSION DII was positively correlated with the all-cause mortality of ASCVD patients. The intake of a pro-inflammatory diet may increase mortality in ASCVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Yang
- Department of Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenhui Miao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, YiWu 322000, China
| | - Weihang Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Lingyin Road 12, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Lingyin Road 12, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China.
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17
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Kamemoto K, Tataka Y, Hiratsu A, Nagayama C, Hamada Y, Kurata K, Chiyoda M, Ito M, Miyashita M. Effect of vegetable consumption with chewing on postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy young men: a randomised controlled study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7557. [PMID: 38555375 PMCID: PMC10981726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58103-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Although thorough chewing lowers postprandial glucose concentrations, research on the effectiveness of chewing vegetables in different forms on postprandial glucose metabolism remains limited. This study examined the effects of vegetables consumed in solid versus puree forms on postprandial glucose metabolism. Nineteen healthy young men completed two 180-min trials on separate days in a random order: the chewing trial involved the consumption of shredded cabbage with chewing and the non-chewing trial involved the consumption of pureed cabbage without chewing. Energy jelly was consumed immediately after the consumption of shredded or puree cabbage. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min. Circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) concentrations were measured from the plasma. Although plasma glucose concentrations did not differ between the trials, the plasma insulin and GIP incremental area under the curve values were higher in the chewing than in the non-chewing trial. Postprandial total GLP-1 concentrations were higher in the chewing than in the non-chewing trial at 45, 60 and 90 min. This study demonstrates that consuming shredded cabbage while chewing enhances postprandial incretin secretion but has no effect on postprandial glucose concentration.Trial registration: Clinical trial registration ID.: UMIN000052662, registered 31 October 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Kamemoto
- Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yusei Tataka
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Ayano Hiratsu
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nagayama
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yuka Hamada
- Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Kurata
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, Tokyo, 182-0002, Japan
| | | | - Machi Ito
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, Tokyo, 182-0002, Japan
| | - Masashi Miyashita
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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18
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Pecoraro L, Zadra M, Cavallin F, Lauriola S, Piacentini G, Pietrobelli A. Lipid Profile, Eating Habit, and Physical Activity in Children with Down Syndrome: A Prospective Study. Diseases 2024; 12:68. [PMID: 38667526 PMCID: PMC11049486 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Children with Down Syndrome (DS) frequently undergo health challenges, including a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity. We aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary and physical advice provided by a specialized pediatrician over two years. In this prospective study, 44 children with DS, aged 2 to 17, underwent outpatient follow-up visits every six months between December 2020 and May 2023. Dietary habits, physical activities, anthropometric data, and laboratory results were recorded at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity were investigated using the 'KIDMED' and 'Godin-Shepard Leisure-Time' questionnaires, respectively, completed by the parents of the children. Venous blood samples were taken to determine the lipid profile. A significant reduction in BMI z-scores (p = 0.006) and an improvement in Godin-Shepard questionnaire scores (p = 0.0004) were observed. On the other hand, the lipid profile worsened, with an increase in LDL-c (p = 0.04) and a decrease in HDL-c (p = 0.03). Children with DS may benefit from an educational program on nutrition and physical activity to optimize weight control. Different interventions should target the lipid profile. Preventive intervention and follow-up by the pediatrician are essential for DS, which should continue into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pecoraro
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Melissa Zadra
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Silvana Lauriola
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piacentini
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Pietrobelli
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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19
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Jin J, Bian Y, Gu Z, Lin M. Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: a Study Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES (MIAMI, FLA.) 2024; 11:216-228. [PMID: 38442136 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.2023.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate dietary fiber (DF) intake with the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the middle-aged and elderly population through analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Methods The study utilized data from 3 cycles of the NHANES database (2007-2012). The exposure variable was DF intake, and the outcome variable was COPD prevalence. Weighted logistic regression was utilized to construct relationship models between the 2 variables. Confounding factors were adjusted, and subgroup analysis was to explore the association of DF intake with COPD. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis investigated the nonlinear relationship between DF intake and COPD. Finally, mediation analysis was performed to determine whether the influence of DF intake on COPD prevalence is mediated through the alteration of white blood cell (WBC) counts. Results This study included a total of 7301 eligible participants aged >40 years. The results of the study indicated that an increase in DF intake significantly reduced the prevalence of COPD (odds ratio: 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.96-0.99, p<0.001), and DF intake was correlated with lung function indicators (e.g., forced expiratory volume in 1 second). Stratified analysis revealed that an increased DF intake significantly reduced the risk of COPD in male individuals, middle-aged individuals (aged 40-59 years), those with a body mass index ≤30 kg/m2, individuals with a history of smoking, and alcohol consumers (p<0.05). Through RCS analysis exploring the nonlinear association between DF intake and COPD prevalence, the critical threshold for the impact of DF intake on COPD prevalence was 15.10 gm. When DF intake was ≥15.10 g/d, it effectively reduced the prevalence of COPD. Mediation analysis results indicated that the WBC count partially mediated the association between DF intake and COPD, with a mediation proportion of 9.89% (p=0.006). Conclusion Increased DF intake was linked to decreased prevalence of COPD, particularly in men and middle-aged people. WBC counts may be an important pathway linking DF intake and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuemei Bian
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhongyun Gu
- General Surgery, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Maoen Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hangzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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20
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Valladares L, Vio Del Río F. [Bioactive components of whole grain and their effect on health]. NUTR HOSP 2024. [PMID: 38501834 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases represent a global health burden with increasing prevalence. To prevent or improve this type of diseases, dietary strategies based on healthy foods have been suggested. Cereals are the most consumed foods in the world and preventive effects of whole grains on health have been described. The germ and bran of cereals are abundant in bioactive compounds, including phytochemicals, vitamins, minerals and fibers, and these compounds are effective in preventing and improving non-communicable diseases. This review analyzes the content and distribution of the primary components of whole grains (wheat, barley, oats, rice and black wheat) and their fractions, focusing on the mechanisms by which phenolic acids and dietary fiber contribute to reducing the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. There is clear evidence of the broad cellular and physiological effects of bioactive compounds in whole grains, supporting the health value of a diet rich in whole grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Valladares
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA). Universidad de Chile
| | - Fernando Vio Del Río
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA). Universidad de Chile
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21
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Blinnikova K, Cohen CW, McKeag ID. Lifestyle Intervention for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Prim Care 2024; 51:13-26. [PMID: 38278567 DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Lifestyle medicine is a cornerstone of cardiovascular disease prevention and early disease intervention. A leading cause of death in developed countries, modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease like diet, exercise, substance use, and sleep hygiene have significant impacts on population morbidity and mortality. One should address these amendable risks in all patients, independently, and stress the importance of intervention adherence while avoiding the sacrifice of patient trust. One must also understand a patient's psychological well-being can be compromised by organic chronic disease states, and poor psychological well-being can have a negative impact on patient compliance and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Blinnikova
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine in the Medicine Service at Massachusetts General, Hospital, Instructor at Harvard Medical School, 50 Staniford Street, 9th Floor, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - Caroline W Cohen
- Community Health Services Building, Office 378, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-2042, USA.
| | - Ian D McKeag
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Community Health Services Building, Office 372, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-2042, USA
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22
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Mansour S, Alkhaaldi SMI, Sammanasunathan AF, Ibrahim S, Farhat J, Al-Omari B. Precision Nutrition Unveiled: Gene-Nutrient Interactions, Microbiota Dynamics, and Lifestyle Factors in Obesity Management. Nutrients 2024; 16:581. [PMID: 38474710 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder that is associated with several diseases. Recently, precision nutrition (PN) has emerged as a tailored approach to provide individualised dietary recommendations. AIM This review discusses the major intrinsic and extrinsic components considered when applying PN during the management of obesity and common associated chronic conditions. RESULTS The review identified three main PN components: gene-nutrient interactions, intestinal microbiota, and lifestyle factors. Genetic makeup significantly contributes to inter-individual variations in dietary behaviours, with advanced genome sequencing and population genetics aiding in detecting gene variants associated with obesity. Additionally, PN-based host-microbiota evaluation emerges as an advanced therapeutic tool, impacting disease control and prevention. The gut microbiome's composition regulates diverse responses to nutritional recommendations. Several studies highlight PN's effectiveness in improving diet quality and enhancing adherence to physical activity among obese patients. PN is a key strategy for addressing obesity-related risk factors, encompassing dietary patterns, body weight, fat, blood lipids, glucose levels, and insulin resistance. CONCLUSION PN stands out as a feasible tool for effectively managing obesity, considering its ability to integrate genetic and lifestyle factors. The application of PN-based approaches not only improves current obesity conditions but also holds promise for preventing obesity and its associated complications in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Mansour
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saif M I Alkhaaldi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashwin F Sammanasunathan
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh Ibrahim
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joviana Farhat
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basem Al-Omari
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
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23
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Peng G, Xiong C, Zeng X, Jin Y, Huang W. Exploring Nutrient Profiles, Phytochemical Composition, and the Antiproliferative Activity of Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma leucocontextum: A Comprehensive Comparative Study. Foods 2024; 13:614. [PMID: 38397591 PMCID: PMC10888466 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma, often hailed as a holistic "health package", comprises an array of nutritional components and active compounds, contributing to its esteemed status in the realm of healthy foods. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was performed to elucidate the diverse nutritional profiles, bioactive components, and antiproliferative activities between two Ganoderma species: G. lucidum (GLU) and G. leucocontextum (GLE). The results showed that GLE possessed a higher level of nutritional constituents, except for dietary fiber. Fatty acid analysis revealed comparable profiles rich in unsaturated fatty acids for both species. The ethanol extract of GLU and GLE exhibited potent antioxidant capabilities and remarkable inhibition of tumor cell proliferation via apoptosis induction, with greater potency in GLE. The heightened triterpene levels in GLE potentially contribute to its augmented antitumoral effects. The exploration emphasized the significance of comprehending the varied chemical compositions of Ganoderma species, providing insights into their potential health benefits applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqin Peng
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, China; (G.P.)
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Chuan Xiong
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, China; (G.P.)
| | - Xianfu Zeng
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Jin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610061, China; (G.P.)
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24
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Wang F, Zhang P, Ren Y, Huang D, Xu F, Ma J, Luo S, Liang X. The estimated effect of increasing fruit interventions on controlling body weight in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Prev Med 2024; 179:107785. [PMID: 37992975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of increased fruit consumption on weight change remains a matter of debate. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interventions targeted at promoting fruit consumption and managing body weight in children and adolescents. METHODS Four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, were searched from January 1, 2000, to October 10th, 2023, to identify Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed changes in fruit consumption and obesity indicators. RESULTS A total of 22 trials including 12,678 participants who met our inclusion criteria were selected for this review. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the interventions increased fruit intake (MD = 78.58 g/day (95% CI 53.09 to 104.07), P < 0.001) in children and adolescents. The mean reduction of body mass index was 0.27 kg/m2 (95% CI -0.59 to 0.05 kg/m2, P = 0.101). And no significant decreases were observed in body mass index-z scores, but there was a significant decrease in waist circumference (MD = -0.65 cm (95% CI -1.15 to -0.05 cm), P < 0.05). Increased fruit intake was shown to be associated with a lower prevalence of obesity when compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR]: 0.74, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.90), P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provided evidence that interventions aimed at increasing fruit consumption were effective at reducing obesity prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengming Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Daochao Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fenglin Xu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Shimian People's Hospital, Ya'an, China
| | - Shunqing Luo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China.
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25
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Gong L, Liu F, Liu J, Wang J. Dietary fiber (oligosaccharide and non-starch polysaccharide) in preventing and treating functional gastrointestinal disorders - Challenges and controversies: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128835. [PMID: 38128805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a group of chronic or recurrent gastrointestinal functional diseases, including functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation. A lack of safe and reliable treatments for abdominal pain-related FGIDs has prompted interest in new therapies. Evidence has shown that supplementation with dietary fiber may help treat FGIDs. Dietary fibers (DFs) have been demonstrated to have regulatory effects on the gut microbiota, microbiota metabolites, and gastrointestinal movement and have important implications for preventing and treating FGIDs. However, the adverse effects of some DFs, such as fermentable oligosaccharides, on FGIDs are unclear. This review provides an overview of the DFs physiological properties and functional characteristics that influence their use in management of FGIDs, with emphasis on structural modification technology to improve their therapeutic activities. The review highlights that the use of appropriate or novel fibers is a potential therapeutic approach for FGIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Feiyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
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26
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Kleijn AF, Mutter M, Akingbasote JA, Meetro J, Simon RR, Muntendam P, Frommhagen M, Schols HA. Toxicological evaluation of a pumpkin-derived pectin preparation: in vitro genotoxicity studies and a 13-week oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae004. [PMID: 38274036 PMCID: PMC10807847 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The safety of a rhamnogalacturonan-I-enriched pectin extract (G3P-01) from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata var. Dickinson) was evaluated for use as an ingredient in food and dietary supplements. G3P-01 was tested in a battery of genetic toxicity studies including reverse mutagenicity and in vitro micronucleus assay. In addition, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized and orally dosed with G3P-01 incorporated in animal diet at concentrations of 0, 9000, 18,000, and 36,000 ppm daily for 13-weeks (n=10/sex/group) in line with OECD guidelines (TG 408). The results of the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay and micronucleus assay in TK6 cells demonstrated a lack of genotoxicity. The 13-week oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats demonstrated that the test article, G3P-01 was well tolerated; there were no mortalities and no adverse effects on clinical, gross pathology, hematology, blood chemistry, and histological evaluation of the essential organs of the animals. The present study demonstrates that G3P-01 is non-genotoxic and is safe when ingested in diet at concentrations up to 36, 000 ppm. The subchronic no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for G3P-01 was concluded to be 36,000 ppm, equivalent to 1,899 and 2,361 mg/kg/day for male and female rats respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne F Kleijn
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, WG 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Margien Mutter
- G3P Inc., 20 Mall Road Suite 220, Burlington, MA 01803, United States
| | - James A Akingbasote
- Intertek Health Sciences Inc., Food and Nutrition Group, 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 201, Mississauga, ON L5N 2X7, Canada
| | - Jwar Meetro
- Intertek Health Sciences Inc., Food and Nutrition Group, 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 201, Mississauga, ON L5N 2X7, Canada
| | - Ryan R Simon
- Intertek Health Sciences Inc., Food and Nutrition Group, 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 201, Mississauga, ON L5N 2X7, Canada
| | - Pieter Muntendam
- G3P Inc., 20 Mall Road Suite 220, Burlington, MA 01803, United States
| | - Matthias Frommhagen
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, WG 6708, The Netherlands
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27
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Fularski P, Hajdys J, Majchrowicz G, Stabrawa M, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Unveiling Familial Hypercholesterolemia-Review, Cardiovascular Complications, Lipid-Lowering Treatment and Its Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1637. [PMID: 38338916 PMCID: PMC10855128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder primarily transmitted in an autosomal-dominant manner. We distinguish two main forms of FH, which differ in the severity of the disease, namely homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). The characteristic feature of this disease is a high concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood. However, the level may significantly vary between the two mentioned types of FH, and it is decidedly higher in HoFH. A chronically elevated concentration of LDL-C in the plasma leads to the occurrence of certain abnormalities, such as xanthomas in the tendons and skin, as well as corneal arcus. Nevertheless, a significantly more severe phenomenon is leading to the premature onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its clinical implications, such as cardiac events, stroke or vascular dementia, even at a relatively young age. Due to the danger posed by this medical condition, we have investigated how both non-pharmacological and selected pharmacological treatment impact the course of FH, thereby reducing or postponing the risk of clinical manifestations of CVD. The primary objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of FH, the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy in FH and to explain the anatomopathological correlation between FH and premature CVD development, with its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Fularski
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Hajdys
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Gabriela Majchrowicz
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stabrawa
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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28
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Rosell M, Fadnes LT. Vegetables, fruits, and berries - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10455. [PMID: 38327994 PMCID: PMC10845895 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Vegetables, fruits, and berries comprise a large variety of foods and are recognised to play an important role in preventing chronic diseases. Many observational studies have been published during the last decade, and the aim of this scoping review is to describe the overall evidence for the role of vegetables, fruits, and berries for health-related outcomes as a basis for setting and updating food-based dietary guidelines. A scoping review was conducted according to the protocol developed within the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 project. Current available evidence strengthens the role of consuming vegetables, fruits, and berries in preventing chronic diseases. The most robust evidence is found for cancer in the gastric system and lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Steeper risk reductions are generally seen at the lower intake ranges, but further reductions have been seen for higher intakes for cardiovascular disease. Weaker associations are seen for type 2 diabetes. There is evidence that suggests a beneficial role also for outcomes such as osteoporosis, depression, cognitive disorders, and frailty in the elderly. The observed associations are supported by several mechanisms, indicting causal effects. Some subgroups of vegetables, fruits, and berries may have greater benefits than other subgroups, supporting a recommendation to consume a variety of these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rosell
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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29
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Costabile G, Salamone D, Della Pepa G, Vitale M, Testa R, Cipriano P, Scidà G, Rivellese AA, Annuzzi G, Bozzetto L. Differential Effects of Two Isocaloric Healthy Diets on Postprandial Lipid Responses in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:333. [PMID: 38337618 PMCID: PMC10857261 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High blood concentrations of triglycerides (TG) in the postprandial period have been shown to be more closely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than fasting values in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Dietary changes are the primary determinants of postprandial lipid responses. METHODS We investigated the effects of an isocaloric multifactorial diet, rich in n-3 PUFA, MUFA, fiber, polyphenols, and vitamins, compared to an isocaloric diet, containing the same amount of MUFA, on the postprandial lipid response in T2D individuals. Following a randomized, controlled, parallel group design, 43 (25 male/18 female) T2D individuals were assigned to an isocaloric multifactorial (n = 21) or a MUFA-rich diet (n = 22). At the beginning and after the 8 weeks of dietary intervention, the concentrations of plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol were detected at fasting and over a 4-h test meal with the same composition as the prescribed diet. RESULTS The concentrations of fasting plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol did not change after both diets. Compared with the MUFA diet, the 8-week multifactorial diet significantly lowered the postprandial response, which was evaluated as the incremental area under the curve (iAUC), of triglycerides by 33% (64 ± 68 vs. 96 ± 50 mmol/L·240 min, mean ± SD, respectively, p = 0.018), total cholesterol by 105% (-51 ± 33 vs. -25 ± 29, p = 0.013), and non-HDL cholesterol by 206% (-39 ± 33 vs. -13 ± 23, p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS In T2D individuals, a multifactorial diet, characterized by several beneficial components, improved the postprandial lipid response compared to a MUFA diet, generally considered a healthy diet being reduced in saturated fat, and probably contributed to the reduction of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Costabile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Dominic Salamone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Roberta Testa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Paola Cipriano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Scidà
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Angela Albarosa Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Giovanni Annuzzi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Lutgarda Bozzetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.C.); (D.S.); (M.V.); (R.T.); (P.C.); (G.S.); (A.A.R.); (G.A.); (L.B.)
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30
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Shen Y, Yuan Q, Shi M, Luo B. Higher insoluble fiber intake is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer: results from the PLCO cohort. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:234. [PMID: 38243202 PMCID: PMC10799495 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies regarding the relationship between fiber intake and prostate cancer (PCa) have conflicting results. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between fiber intake and the risk of PCa by using data from Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. A total of 54,336 participants in the United States, consisting of 6,414 patients with PCa, were included in this study. Multivariate Cox regression models were applied to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile, individuals in the highest quartile of insoluble fiber intake had a significantly lower risk of PCa (aHR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.98). By contrast, no significant associations were detected between total fiber intake (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.80-1.01) or soluble fiber intake (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.80-1.02). Subgroup analyses showed that insoluble fiber was related to a decreased risk of PCa in subjects with the following characteristics: age > 65 years, nonsmoking or former smokers, education level ≤ high school, non-Hispanic white ethnicity, or without a family history of PCa. In addition, significant combined effects of insoluble fiber intake, age and family history of PCa on the risk of PCa were observed, but no combined effects of smoking status and insoluble fiber intake were observed. In addition, total fiber, insoluble fiber, and soluble fiber intake had no influence on the mortality of PCa patients. These results show that all 3 measures of fiber suggest a protective association, but insoluble fiber may have a stronger association with the risk of PCa. Future studies are warranted to further investigate these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qinbo Yuan
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Minhong Shi
- Department of Medical Prevention, Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Banxin Luo
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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31
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Koçyiğit E, Gövez NE, Arslan S, Ağagündüz D. A narrative review on dietary components and patterns and age-related macular degeneration. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38221852 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent eye diseases among the ageing population worldwide. It is a leading cause of blindness in individuals over 55, particularly in industrialised Western countries. The prevalence of AMD increases with age, and genetic factors and environmental influences are believed to contribute to its development. Among the environmental factors, diet plays a significant role in AMD. This review explores the association between dietary components, dietary patterns and AMD. Various nutrients, non-nutrient substances and dietary models that have the potential to counteract oxidative stress and inflammation, which are underlying mechanisms of AMD, are discussed. Consuming fruits, vegetables, fish and seafood, whole grains, olive oil, nuts and low-glycaemic-index foods has been highlighted as beneficial for reducing the risk of AMD. Adhering to the Mediterranean diet, which encompasses these elements, can be recommended as a dietary pattern for AMD. Furthermore, the modulation of the gut microbiota through dietary interventions and probiotics has shown promise in managing AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Koçyiğit
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
| | - Nazlıcan Erdoğan Gövez
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sabriye Arslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Yalcinkaya A, Öztaş YE, Sabuncuoğlu S. Sterols in Inflammatory Diseases: Implications and Clinical Utility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1440:261-275. [PMID: 38036884 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The characteristic steroid skeleton, with its 4-ringed 17-carbon structure, is one of the most recognizable organic compounds in biochemistry. In the presence of a hydroxyl ion bound to the third carbon, this structure is defined as a "sterol" (chemical formula: C17H28O). The hydroxyl group provides a hydrophilic site for the otherwise hydrophobic molecule, yielding an amphipathic lipid, which is a vital property for cellular function. It is crucial to remark that the term "steroid" describes a larger group of compounds that often retain the hydroxyl group but are primarily characterized by methyl groups, double bonds in the rings, and an aliphatic side-chain extending from the 17th carbon. In addition to serving various structural roles in the cellular membrane, sterols and steroids contribute to cellular and systemic functions as messengers, hormones, and regulators of several critical metabolic pathways.Sterol nomenclature is often confusing, partly due to structural complexity and partly due to the sheer number of different compounds that fall under the definition. Fortunately, the foremost sterols of interest in biochemistry are much fewer, and therefore, these lipids have been defined and studied vigorously. With the renaissance of lipid research during the 1990s and 2000s, many different metabolites of sterols, and more specifically phytosterols, were found to be associated with various diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, obesity, inflammation, diabetes, and inborn errors of metabolism; thus, it is evident that the ever-evolving research in this field has been, and will continue to be, exceedingly productive.With respect to inflammation and inflammatory diseases, plant-based sterols (i.e., phytosterols) have gained considerable fame due to their anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-lowering effects demonstrated by experimental and clinical research. Besides, the exceptional pharmacological benefits of these sterols, which operate as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-atherosclerotic agents, have been the subject of various investigations. While the underlying mechanisms necessitate further research, the possible function of phytosterols in improving health outcomes is an important topic to explore.In this regard, the current review aims to offer comprehensive information on the therapeutic potential of plant-based sterols in the context of human health, with a focus on preclinical effects, bioavailability, and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Yalcinkaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yeşim Er Öztaş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suna Sabuncuoğlu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Gai W, Lin L, Wang Y, Bian J, Tao Y. Relationship between dietary fiber and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nephrol 2024; 37:77-93. [PMID: 38165561 PMCID: PMC10920433 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential protective effects of dietary fiber against all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease have not been definitively established. To verify this relationship, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were undertaken. METHODS PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, and CINAHL were used to systematically search for prospective cohort studies that investigate the association between dietary fiber and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This search was conducted up to and including March 2023. RESULTS The analysis included 10 cohort studies, with a total of 19,843 patients who were followed up for 1.5-10.1 y. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between dietary fiber and all-cause mortality among patients with CKD (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.58-0.97, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis further revealed that the study population and exposure factors were significantly associated with all-cause mortality (P < 0.001). Increased dietary fiber intake was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.67-0.90) and a reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.80-0.95) among patients with CKD. CONCLUSIONS The pooled results of our meta-analysis indicated an inverse association between dietary fiber intake and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gai
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lihua Lin
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia Bian
- Shenzhen Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanling Tao
- Department of Nursing, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong Province, China.
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Mattos Rocha Olivieri C, Aparecida Manólio Soares Freitas R, Alfredo Gomes Arêas J. Jatobá-do-cerrado (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart.) pulp positively affects plasma and hepatic lipids and increases short-chain fatty acid production in hamsters fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113766. [PMID: 38129058 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of jatobá pulp, in its fresh (FJ) and extruded (EJ) forms, on lipid metabolism and intestinal fermentation parameters in hamsters. In a 21-day experiment, we determined the parameters of the animal lipid metabolism and colonic production of short chain fatty acids in four different groups. Control (C), fresh pulp (FJ) and extruded pulp (EJ) were fed using hypercholesterolemic diets, and the reference (R) was fed using AIN93 meal. R and C diets contained cellulose, FJ and EJ were added by jatobá pulp as a fiber source. The results showed that FJ and EJ exhibited lower levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, non-HDL-c serum levels, liver lipids, and liver weight compared to C. The EJ had higher bile acid excretion in stool than the C. EJ and FJ exhibited lower excreted fiber compared to R and C, implying greater fermentation. Furthermore, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the cecum of FJ and EJ animals exceeded that of the C. Acetic and propionic acids were more abundant in the FJ and EJ diets, with FJ producing more butyric acid than the other groups.In conclusion, jatobá pulp maintained at normal levels of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL-associated cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and serum triglycerides, while also reducing the accumulation of hepatic lipids. Jatobá also promoted SCFA formation and fermentation, making it a valuable ingredient for preventing chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Mattos Rocha Olivieri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
| | | | - José Alfredo Gomes Arêas
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
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Chowdhury K, Sinha S, Kumar S, Haque M, Ahmad R. Constipation: A Pristine Universal Pediatric Health Delinquent. Cureus 2024; 16:e52551. [PMID: 38249647 PMCID: PMC10797657 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation suffered by children is a global public health problem. Functional constipation (FC) brings about deteriorating effects in the children's lives who suffer from it. The risk factors for the development of constipation include the consumption of a diet low in fiber and high in calories (such as the consumption of fast food), a sedentary lifestyle with a lack of exercise, a family history of constipation, and emotional and psychological stress endured by children in their families. It is one of the most common causes of stomachaches in children. FC may lead to fecal incontinence (FI), anal fissures, recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI), and enuresis in children. Severe constipation may result in stool becoming rock-hard and inflexible in the rectum, which is clinically identified as fecal impaction. It is imperative to perform clinical evaluation and treatment, including pharmacological (the use of stimulant and osmotic laxatives) and non-pharmacological (education, changes in diet, intervention to promote positive behavior and address any emotional issues, toilet training, and physiotherapy for the pelvic floor) interventions. In the case of refractory patients, neuromodulation, the irrigation of the anal canal, and surgical management may be needed. It is essential to lead a healthy, stress-free lifestyle with plenty of exercise and a balanced diet rich in fiber (such as fruits and vegetables) so children can have regular bowel habits and thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kona Chowdhury
- Department of Pediatrics, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, BGD
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC), Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
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da Silva AA, Rocha-Gomes A, Reis ÍG, de Pinho Tavares Leal PE, Lessa MR, Pinto NAVD, Riul TR, Villela DC. Supplementation with Jatobá-do-cerrado flour (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart.) decreases hypothalamic inflammation and improves obesity parameters in rats on a high-fat diet. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 385:578237. [PMID: 37931532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of jatobá-do-cerrado flour on nutritional, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers, an study was conducted using male Wistar rats. These animals were allocated into four groups: a standard diet (Control), a high-fat diet (HFD), a diet with jatobá-do-cerrado flour (JCF), and a combination of high-fat diet and jatobá-do-cerrado flour (HFD + JCF). Comprehensive evaluations included food intake, cytokine concentrations, and redox status indicators. HFD group exhibited increased caloric intake and fat mass, elevated circulating IL-6, and heightened lipid peroxidation markers. This group also showed increased hypothalamic concentrations of IL-6, TNFα, and lipid peroxidation. In contrast, the HFD + JCF group showed reduced caloric intake, fat mass, and improvements in redox balance and inflammatory markers both in the blood and hypothalamus. SUMMARY: In the current study, we evaluated the potential of Jatobá-do-cerrado flour in mitigating the effects of a high-fat diet in adult Wistar rats. The addition of fat to the animals' diet for 63 days induced obesity, dyslipidemia, as well as an increase in inflammatory and lipid peroxidation markers, both in the blood and hypothalamus. Conversely, supplementation with Jatobá-do-Cerrado flour showed anti-obesogenic effects and these may be associated with the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, supplementation with this flour has the potential to be a functional food for the treatment or prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Arthur Rocha-Gomes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Gomes Reis
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ernesto de Pinho Tavares Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayara Rodrigues Lessa
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biomassas do Cerrado - Departamento de Nutrição - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - Diamantina-MG - Brazil
| | - Nisia Andrade Villela Dessimoni Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biomassas do Cerrado - Departamento de Nutrição - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - Diamantina-MG - Brazil
| | - Tania Regina Riul
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniel Campos Villela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Xiao X, Liu A, Wang S, Preston RJS, Zaytseva YY, He G, Xiao W, Hennig B, Deng P. Inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases induced by persistent organic pollutants and nutritional interventions: Effects of multi-organ interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 339:122756. [PMID: 37844865 PMCID: PMC10842216 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The development and outcome of inflammatory diseases are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, which include chemical and nonchemical stressors. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are major groups of chemical stressors. For example, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are closely associated with the incidence of inflammatory diseases. The pathology of environmental chemical-mediated inflammatory diseases is complex and may involve disturbances in multiple organs, including the gut, liver, brain, vascular tissues, and immune systems. Recent studies suggested that diet-derived nutrients (e.g., phytochemicals, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers) could modulate environmental insults and affect disease development, progression, and outcome. In this article, mechanisms of environmental pollutant-induced inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases are reviewed, focusing on multi-organ interplays and highlighting recent advances in nutritional strategies to improve the outcome of cardiometabolic diseases associated with environmental exposures. In addition, advanced system biology approaches are discussed, which present unique opportunities to unveil the complex interactions among multiple organs and to fuel the development of precision intervention strategies in exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aowen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Roger J S Preston
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - Yekaterina Y Zaytseva
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Guangzhao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Pan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Legarreta-Muela F, Esparza Romero J, Terminel-Zaragoza R, Toledo-Domínguez I, Quintero-Portillo H, Ulloa-Mercado G, Gortares-Moroyoqui P, Meza-Escalante E, Rentería-Mexía AM. Associations between dietary intake and physical activity, as behavioral indicators, with body fat in adolescents from Mexico. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:1127-1135. [PMID: 37522461 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases is currently a priority due to its relationship with COVID-19 complications. Unhealthy lifestyles, like inadequate diet and physical inactivity, are the cornerstone for obesity and cardiometabolic risk. Objective: to examine the association between diet and physical activity with body fat in Mexican adolescents. Methods: the study was cross-sectional. Data included socio-demographic variables, health history and smoking habit obtained through questionnaires; blood pressure and anthropometry measurements; food and nutrient intake through 24-hour recalls; and physical activities through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Univariate analyses were used and multiple models were built by stepwise forward selection (p ≤ 0.05 and biological plausibility). Results: participants were n = 230 students, 18.5 ± 0.4 years and 54.8 % men. Three models associated with body fat were obtained. In the first model, saturated fatty acids (β = 0.30, p = 0.028) were significant positive associated, while vigorous physical activity was significant negative associated as a protective factor (β = -0.007, p = 0.023). In the second model, total fat (β = 0.17, p = 0.005) was significant positive associated, and vigorous physical activity was significant negative associated (β = -0.007, p = 0.023). The third model included fruits and vegetables (β = -5.49, p = 0.092) and vigorous physical activity (β = -0.006, p = 0.058) as protective factors. Conclusions: dietary intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids, and vigorous physical activity, were significantly associated with body fat, while fruits and vegetables trended toward significance, in Mexican adolescents. Community-based programs that promote intake of protective foods and reduction of risky foods, and encourage vigorous physical activity, are needed in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julián Esparza Romero
- Diabetes Research Unit. Department of Public Nutrition and Health. Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Edna Meza-Escalante
- Department of Water and Environment Sciences. Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora
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Chen W, Zhang S, Hu X, Chen F, Li D. A Review of Healthy Dietary Choices for Cardiovascular Disease: From Individual Nutrients and Foods to Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2023; 15:4898. [PMID: 38068756 PMCID: PMC10708231 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the first cause of mortality globally. Diet plays a fundamental role in cardiovascular health and is closely linked to the development of CVD. Numerous human studies have provided evidence on the relationship between diet and CVD. By discussing the available findings on the dietary components that potentially influence CVD progression and prevention, this review attempted to provide the current state of evidence on healthy dietary choices for CVD. We focus on the effects of individual macronutrients, whole food products, and dietary patterns on the risks of CVD, and the data from population-based trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses are summarized. Unhealthy dietary habits, such as high intake of saturated fatty acids, sugar-sweetened beverages, red meat, and processed meat as well as high salt intake are associated with the increased risk of CVD. Conversely, increased consumption of plant-based components such as dietary fiber, nuts, fruits, and vegetables is shown to be effective in reducing CVD risk factors. The Mediterranean diet appears to be one of the most evidence-based dietary patterns beneficial for CVD prevention. However, there is still great debate regarding whether the supplementation of vitamins and minerals confers cardioprotective benefits. This review provides new insights into the role of dietary factors that are harmful or protective in CVD, which can be adopted for improved cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.C.); (S.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Daotong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.C.); (S.Z.); (X.H.)
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Pinckaers PJ, Domić J, Petrick HL, Holwerda AM, Trommelen J, Hendriks FK, Houben LH, Goessens JP, van Kranenburg JM, Senden JM, de Groot LC, Verdijk LB, Snijders T, van Loon LJ. Higher Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates Following Ingestion of an Omnivorous Meal Compared with an Isocaloric and Isonitrogenous Vegan Meal in Healthy, Older Adults. J Nutr 2023:S0022-3166(23)72723-5. [PMID: 37972895 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived proteins are considered to have fewer anabolic properties when compared with animal-derived proteins. The anabolic properties of isolated proteins do not necessarily reflect the anabolic response to the ingestion of whole foods. The presence or absence of the various components that constitute the whole-food matrix can strongly impact protein digestion and amino acid absorption and, as such, modulate postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates. So far, no study has compared the anabolic response following ingestion of an omnivorous compared with a vegan meal. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of a whole-food omnivorous meal providing 100 g lean ground beef with an isonitrogenous, isocaloric whole-food vegan meal in healthy, older adults. METHODS In a randomized, counter-balanced, cross-over design, 16 older (65-85 y) adults (8 males, 8 females) underwent 2 test days. On one day, participants consumed a whole-food omnivorous meal containing beef as the primary source of protein (0.45 g protein/kg body mass; MEAT). On the other day, participants consumed an isonitrogenous and isocaloric whole-food vegan meal (PLANT). Primed continuous L-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine infusions were applied with blood and muscle biopsies being collected frequently for 6 h to assess postprandial plasma amino acid profiles and muscle protein synthesis rates. Data are presented as means ± standard deviations and were analyzed by 2 way-repeated measures analysis of variance and paired-samples t tests. RESULTS MEAT increased plasma essential amino acid concentrations more than PLANT over the 6-h postprandial period (incremental area under curve 87 ± 37 compared with 38 ± 54 mmol·6 h/L, respectively; P-interaction < 0.01). Ingestion of MEAT resulted in ∼47% higher postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates when compared with the ingestion of PLANT (0.052 ± 0.023 and 0.035 ± 0.021 %/h, respectively; paired-samples t test: P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Ingestion of a whole-food omnivorous meal containing beef results in greater postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates when compared with the ingestion of an isonitrogenous whole-food vegan meal in healthy, older adults. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05151887.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Jm Pinckaers
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacintha Domić
- Division of Human Nutrition & Health, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Heather L Petrick
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew M Holwerda
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jorn Trommelen
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Floris K Hendriks
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Hp Houben
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joy Pb Goessens
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneau Mx van Kranenburg
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joan M Senden
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette Cpgm de Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition & Health, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lex B Verdijk
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Snijders
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Jc van Loon
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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41
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Veluvali A, Snyder M. Dietary fiber deficiency in individuals with metabolic syndrome: a review. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:564-569. [PMID: 37751374 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a group of risk factors, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and other chronic diseases. Dietary fiber has been shown to mitigate many of the effects of various risk factors associated with MetS. Our review summarizes the recent findings on the association between dietary fiber deficiency and MetS. RECENT FINDINGS A number of studies have shown that dietary fiber deficiency is associated with an increased risk of MetS. The main mechanisms by which dietary fiber may reduce the risk of MetS include reduction of cholesterol levels; improvement of blood sugar control; reduction of inflammation; and promotion of weight loss. SUMMARY Literature suggests that a deficiency in dietary fiber consumption is a risk factor for MetS. An increase in dietary fiber intake may help to reduce the risk of developing MetS and its associated chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Snyder
- January AI, Menlo Park
- Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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42
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Massa M, Compari C, Fisicaro E. ITC study on the interaction of some bile salts with tragacanth, Arabic, and guar gums with potential cholesterol-lowering ability. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1258282. [PMID: 37941767 PMCID: PMC10628474 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1258282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The urge of designing new safe and natural functional foods to control blood lipids and dispensable without the need of physician supervision, has increased especially after the coming into effect of the recent EU Commission regulation 2022/860, that regulates the consumption of "red yeast rice," made by fermentation of rice with Monascus purpureus, and perceived as a natural functional food, due to a health risk for frail consumers. The results of the present work are a part of the systematic study we are carrying out of the binding ability of some soluble dietary fibers (SDF) from different natural sources toward selected bile salts (BS). Methods Measurements were carried out by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) with the idea to shed light on the mechanism, if any, by which they show cholesterol-lowering activity. Results and discussion Epidemiological studies are sometimes conflicting and offer only hypothesis about the mechanism of action, the most accredited being the reduction of reabsorption of BS in the gut. Previous measurements done on negatively charged pectin and alginate, showed specific binding interaction with monomer NaDC for pectin and no interaction at all for alginate. Chitosan, positively charged and soluble only at low pH, in 100 mM acetate buffer at pH = 3 shows strong exothermic interactions with NaTC and NaTDC. Here we considered two plant exudates (Arabic gum and tragacanth gum) and guar gum, extracted from guar beans, and their interaction with the same bile salts. ITC measurements do not evidence specific interactions between gums and the studied BS, so that their cholesterol lowering ability, if any, is due to a different mechanism very probably bound to the viscosity increase. Moreover, the addition of NaC, the most abundant BS in the bile, at very low concentration (under the cmc) causes a structural change of the solution. The obtained results seem to corroborate the hypothesis that the cholesterol lowering activity is related to the increase in viscosity of guar solution favored by NaC, the major component of the bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Massa
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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43
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Li B, Zhang F, Jiang H, Wang C, Zhao Q, Yang W, Hu A. Adequate Intake of Dietary Fiber May Relieve the Detrimental Impact of Blood Lead on Dyslipidemia among US Adults: A Study of Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database. Nutrients 2023; 15:4434. [PMID: 37892509 PMCID: PMC10610417 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure is a well-established risk factor for dyslipidemia, and people are exposed to it in multiple ways daily. Dietary fiber is presumed to improve lipid metabolism disorders, but it is still unknown whether it can relieve the detrimental impact of Pb on dyslipidemia. We used publicly accessible data from the 2011-2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 2128 US adults were enrolled for the subsequent analysis. Heavy metal concentrations in blood were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A weighted logistic regression was conducted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The dose-response relationship between blood heavy metals and dyslipidemia was explored using a weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. After fully adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, gender, race, education level, ratio of family income to poverty, marital status, body mass index, physical activity, waist circumference, smoke, alcohol drinking and history of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and diabetes), a positive association between blood Pb levels and dyslipidemia risk was revealed (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03-1.40). Dietary fiber intake may significantly modify the association between blood Pb levels and dyslipidemia (p-interaction = 0.049), with a stronger association (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05-1.52) being revealed in individuals with an inadequate intake of dietary fiber (<14 g/1000 kcal/day), but a null association (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.72-1.42) being observed in those with an adequate intake of dietary fiber (≥14 g/1000 kcal/day). Moreover, the weighted RCS analysis showed that compared with the average blood Pb exposure level (4.24 µg/dL), a lower blood Pb exposure level (3.08 µg/dL) may contribute to the risk of dyslipidemia in the group with an inadequate dietary fiber intake. Our findings suggest that Pb exposure in blood may be a risk factor for dyslipidemia. However, an adequate dietary fiber intake may offset the risk of dyslipidemia caused by blood Pb exposure. Since avoiding Pb exposure in daily life is difficult, increasing dietary fiber intake in the future might be a promising approach to alleviate dyslipidemia caused by Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anla Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; (B.L.); (F.Z.); (H.J.); (C.W.); (Q.Z.); (W.Y.)
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44
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Ariya M, Sharafi M, Afrashteh S. Association between latent profile of dietary intake and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs): Results from Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS). Sci Rep 2023; 13:17749. [PMID: 37853042 PMCID: PMC10584898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been among the most significant non-communicable diseases. Dietary risks account for the most cause of CVDs mortalities. Evaluating overall dietary patterns (through the Latent profile of dietary intake) can provide a more accurate prediction regarding the prevalence of CVDs. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between the latent profile of dietary intake and CVDs prevalence. The population of the Fasa Adults Cohort Study was employed to gather the data (n = 8319). A modified FFQ was employed to assess eating behaviors. Minerals, as well as the energy intake and total fiber, were measured using Nutritionist IV software (version 7.0). To estimate the prevalence of CVDs, accurate records of patients' histories were made. Individuals were clustered according to their dietary intake using latent profile analysis. The mean age was 48.75 ± 9.59 years, and 53.28% (4430) were women. 63.9% of participants with low Socioeconomic Status (SES) were in the low-intake profile (P < 0.001), and high SES increases the odds of being in the high-intake profile (ORhigh/low = 2.87, 95% CI 2.55-3.24). The low-intake group had the lowest amount of physical activity (Met) (P < 0.001). The result of multivariate logistic regression revealed that categorized in the low-intake group significantly increased the development of CVDs (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.63, P = 0.010). The mean micronutrients and total fiber, in individuals with a low intake profile, were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.001). Overall, we estimated that a low intake of all food groups increases the odds of developing CVDs significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ariya
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sharafi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Sima Afrashteh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Yao F, Ma J, Cui Y, Huang C, Lu R, Hu F, Zhu X, Qin P. Dietary intake of total vegetable, fruit, cereal, soluble and insoluble fiber and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1153165. [PMID: 37854351 PMCID: PMC10579821 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1153165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to investigate the association between total, vegetable, fruit, cereal, soluble and insoluble fiber intake and risk of all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality and quantitatively assess the dose-response relation. Methods Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase and Web of science before August 2023. Random effects models were used to calculate summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and restricted cubic splines to model the linear/non-linear association. Results The summary RR for all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality of dietary fiber was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86,0.93), 0.87 (0.84,0.91), 0.91 (0.88,0.93), respectively. Significant association was observed for all-cause and CVD mortality with fruit, vegetable cereal and soluble fiber intake and cancer mortality with cereal fiber intake. No significant association was found for insoluble fiber, vegetable or fruit fiber intake and cancer mortality. Dose-response analysis showed a significant non-linear relation of dietary fiber intake with all-cause mortality, and linear relation for others. Conclusions Higher dietary fiber including different type and food sources of fiber intake were associated with lower risk of mortality. Our findings provide more comprehensive evidence on dietary fiber intake with mortality. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier: CRD42022338837.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yao
- Clinical Public Health Center, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Ma
- Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuihong Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiqi Lu
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Pei Qin
- Clinical Public Health Center, Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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46
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Lima MDC, do Nascimento HMA, da Silva JYP, de Brito Alves JL, de Souza EL. Evidence for the Beneficial Effects of Brazilian Native Fruits and Their By-Products on Human Intestinal Microbiota and Repercussions on Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases-A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3491. [PMID: 37761200 PMCID: PMC10527964 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are the most widespread cause of mortality worldwide. Intestinal microbiota balance can be altered by changes in the abundance and/or diversity of intestinal microbiota, indicating a role of intestinal microbiota in NCD development. This review discusses the findings of in vitro studies, pre-clinical studies and clinical trials on the effects of Brazilian native fruits, their by-products, as well as their bioactive compounds on human intestinal microbiota and NCD. The major bioactive compounds in Brazilian native fruits and their by-products, and the impacts of their administration on outcomes linked to intestinal microbiota modulation are discussed. Mechanisms of intestinal microbiota affecting NCD could be linked to the modulation of absorption and energy balance, immune and endocrine systems, and inflammatory response. Brazilian native fruits, such as acerola, açaí, baru, buriti, guava, jabuticaba, juçara, and passion fruit, have several bioactive compounds, soluble and insoluble fibers, and a variety of phenolic compounds, which are capable of changing these key mechanisms. Brazilian native fruits and their by-products can help to promote positive intestinal and systemic health benefits by driving alterations in the composition of the human intestinal microbiota, and increasing the production of distinct short-chain fatty acids and phenolic metabolites, thereby enhancing intestinal integrity and homeostasis. Evidence from available literature shows that the modulatory impacts of Brazilian native fruits and their by-products on the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota could improve several clinical repercussions associated with NCD, reinforcing the influence of intestinal microbiota in extra-intestinal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.d.C.L.); (H.M.A.d.N.); (J.Y.P.d.S.); (J.L.d.B.A.)
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Martin-Morales A, Yamamoto M, Inoue M, Vu T, Dawadi R, Araki M. Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: Leveraging Machine Learning for Comprehensive Assessment of Health and Nutrition Variables. Nutrients 2023; 15:3937. [PMID: 37764721 PMCID: PMC10534618 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the primary causes of death around the world. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with CVD mortality using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We created three models focusing on dietary data, non-diet-related health data, and a combination of both. Machine learning (ML) models, particularly the random forest algorithm, demonstrated robust consistency across health, nutrition, and mixed categories in predicting death from CVD. Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values showed age, systolic blood pressure, and several other health factors as crucial variables, while fiber, calcium, and vitamin E, among others, were significant nutritional variables. Our research emphasizes the importance of comprehensive health evaluation and dietary intake in predicting CVD mortality. The inclusion of nutrition variables improved the performance of our models, underscoring the utility of dietary intake in ML-based data analysis. Further investigation using large datasets with recurring dietary recalls is necessary to enhance the effectiveness and interpretability of such models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Martin-Morales
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka-shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Japan
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamamoto
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka-shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Japan
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan
| | - Mai Inoue
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka-shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Japan
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan
| | - Thien Vu
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka-shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Japan
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan
| | - Research Dawadi
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka-shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Japan
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan
| | - Michihiro Araki
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 3-17 Senrioka-shinmachi, Settsu 566-0002, Japan
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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48
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Bulsiewicz WJ. The Importance of Dietary Fiber for Metabolic Health. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:639-648. [PMID: 37711348 PMCID: PMC10498976 DOI: 10.1177/15598276231167778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber are non-digestible carbohydrates that are diverse, have varied functions, and are acquired by consuming plant-based foods. Some forms of fiber are digested by the gut microbiota and produce bioactive metabolites called short chain fatty acids-butyrate, acetate, and propionate. Dietary fiber is able to alter human physiology through multiple mechanisms that can result in health benefits. Unfortunately, nearly 19 out of 20 Americans do not consume the minimum recommended amount of fiber each day. This bears profound relevance to public health because at least six of the ten leading causes of death are potentially preventable or clinically improved through dietary means. Additionally, these same conditions share a common underlying pathophysiology-metabolic dysfunction. This can manifest as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, or collectively as metabolic syndrome. In this review, we will assess the evidence that consumption of dietary fiber undermines these forms of metabolic dysfunction, examine the mechanism of action for these physiologic effects, and consider the potential for dietary fiber to improve human health on a public health level by simply encouraging our patients to consume more plant-based foods in abundance and diversity.
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49
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Tan Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Ran Z, Liu X, Jia Y, Chen Y. The Prognostic Value and Treatment Strategies of Nutritional Status in Heart Failure Patients. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101742. [PMID: 37087080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome caused by a variety of reasons leading to abnormal changes in the structure and/or function of the heart, with ventricular systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction, which is a serious manifestation or late stage of various heart diseases. The overall prognosis of patients is poor, and risk assessment of patients with HF is currently a hot topic of research due to the large heterogeneity of etiology, phenotype, and genetic background of HF patients. Besides, the nutritional level and status of HF patients are affected by various aspects. Patients with malnutrition, high saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, low minerals, and other conditions tend to have a poor prognosis. So targeted improvement of the nutritional status of HF patients is important to improve the prognosis and the quality of survival of patients. We use heart failure, nutrition, and diet therapy as the keyword method to summarize the prognostic value of indicators of nutritional status in HF patients, the effects of nutritional status on HF patients with different etiology, and potential treatment strategies for HF patients with different etiology. This review is valuable for understanding the prognostic value of nutritional levels in patients with HF and guiding clinical therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxi Tan
- West China School of Public Health and West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanwei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zechao Ran
- West China School of Clinical Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunqi Jia
- West China School of Public Health and West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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50
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Wei B, Wang L, Chen S, Su L, Tao X, Wu J, Xia W. Differentiated digestion resistance and physicochemical properties of linear and α-1,2/α-1,3 branched isomaltodextrins prepared by 4,6-α-glucanotransferase and branching sucrases. Food Res Int 2023; 171:113043. [PMID: 37330850 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Isomaltodextrins (IMDs) are starch-based dietary fibers (DF) prepared enzymatically, which show great potential as a functional food ingredient. In this study, a series of novel IMDs with diverse structures were generated by 4,6-α-glucanotransferase GtfBΔN from Limosilactobacillus fermentum NCC 3057, combined with two α-1,2 and α-1,3 branching sucrases. Results indicated that α-1,2 and α-1,3 branching significantly improved the DF contents of α-1,6 linear products up to 60.9-62.8%. When altering the ratios of [sucrose]/[maltodextrin], IMDs containing 25.8-89.0% α-1,6 bonds, 0-59.6% α-1,2 bonds and 0-35.1% α-1,3 bonds and Mw ranged from 1967 to 4876 Da were obtained. Physicochemical property analysis showed that grafting with α-1,2 or α-1,3 single glycosyl branches can improve the solubility of the α-1,6 linear product, in which α-1,3 branched products were better. Moreover, α-1,2 or α-1,3 branching did no effect on the viscosity of the products but Mw did, the larger Mw the greater viscosity. In addition, α-1,6 linear and α-1,2 or α-1,3 branched IMDs all exhibited strong acid-heating stabilities, freeze-thaw stabilities, and good resistance to browning caused by the Maillard reaction. Branched IMDs showed excellent storage stabilities at room temperature for one year at a concentration of 60%, whereas 45% α-1,6 linear IMD precipitated quickly within 12 h. Most importantly, α-1,2 or α-1,3 branching remarkably increased the contents of resistant starch in the α-1,6 linear IMDs to 74.5-76.8%. These clear qualitative assessments demonstrated the outstanding processing and application properties of the branched IMDs and were expected to provide valuable perspectives toward the technological innovation of functional carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lingqia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiumei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China.
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