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Tsaban G, Aharon-Hananel G, Shalem S, Zelicha H, Yaskolka Meir A, Pachter D, Goldberg DT, Kamer O, Alufer L, Stampfer MJ, Wang DD, Qi L, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Hu FB, Shai I, Tirosh A. The effect of Mankai plant consumption on postprandial glycaemic response among patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized crossover trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:4713-4723. [PMID: 39134456 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the effect of Mankai, a cultivated aquatic duckweed green plant, on postprandial glucose (PG) excursions in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS In a 4-week, randomized crossover-controlled trial, we enrolled 45 adults with T2D (HbA1c range: 6.5%-8.5%) from two sites in Israel. Participants were randomized to drink Mankai (200 mL of raw-fresh-aquatic plant + 100 mL of water, 40 kcal, ~10 g of dry matter equivalent) or water (300 mL) following dinner, for 2 weeks each, with a 4-day washout interval, without dietary, physical activity or pharmacotherapy alterations. We used continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices. RESULTS Forty patients (adherence rate = 88.5%; 743 person-intervention-days, 68.9% men, age = 64 years, HbA1c = 6.8%) completed the study with a consistent diet and complete CGM reads. Only two-thirds of the individuals responded beneficially to Mankai. Overall, Mankai significantly lowered the PG peak by 19.3% (∆peak = 24.3 ± 16.8 vs. 30.1 ± 18.5 mg/dL; P < .001) and delayed the time-to-peak by 20.0% (112.5 [interquartile range: 75-135] vs. 90 [60-105] min; P < .001) compared with water. The PG incline and decline slopes were shallower following postdinner Mankai (incline slope: 16.8 vs. water: 29.9 mg/[dL h]; P < .001; decline slope: -6.1 vs. water: -7.9 mg/[dL h]; P < .01). Mean postprandial net incremental area-under-the-glucose-curve was lowered by 20.1% with Mankai compared with water (P = .03). Results were consistent across several sensitivity and subgroup analyses, including across antidiabetic pharmacotherapy treatment groups. Within 2 weeks, the triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in the Mankai group (-0.5 ± 1.3) decreased versus water (+0.3 ± 1.5, P = .05). CONCLUSIONS Mankai consumption may mitigate the PG response in people with T2D with an ~20% improvement in glycaemic values. These findings provide case-study evidence for plant-based treatments in T2D to complement a healthy lifestyle and pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Tsaban
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Soroka University Medical Centre, Beersheva, Israel
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Genya Aharon-Hananel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shiran Shalem
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hila Zelicha
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dafna Pachter
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
| | - Dana Tamar Goldberg
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
| | - Omer Kamer
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
| | - Liav Alufer
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dong D Wang
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology and Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Iris Shai
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Amir Tirosh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Malila Y, Owolabi IO, Chotanaphuti T, Sakdibhornssup N, Elliott CT, Visessanguan W, Karoonuthaisiri N, Petchkongkaew A. Current challenges of alternative proteins as future foods. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:53. [PMID: 39147771 PMCID: PMC11327365 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Global demand for food is expected to nearly double by 2050. Alternative proteins (AP) have been proposed as a sustainable solution to provide food security as natural resources become more depleted. However, the growth and consumer intake of AP remains limited. This review aims to better understand the challenges and environmental impacts of four main AP categories: plant-based, insect-based, microbe-derived, and cultured meat and seafood. The environmental benefits of plant-based and insect-based proteins have been documented but the impacts of microbe-derived proteins and cultured meat have not been fully assessed. The development of alternative products with nutritional and sensory profiles similar to their conventional counterparts remains highly challenging. Furthermore, incomplete safety assessments and a lack of clear regulatory guidelines confuse the food industry and hamper progress. Much still needs to be done to fully support AP utilization within the context of supporting the drive to make the global food system sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwares Malila
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
| | - Iyiola O Owolabi
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tanai Chotanaphuti
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Faculty of Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Napat Sakdibhornssup
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher T Elliott
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Wonnop Visessanguan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Awanwee Petchkongkaew
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Khong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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3
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Hannibal L, Lederer AK, Storz MA, Huber R, Jacobsen DW. Vitamin B 12 Status and Supplementation in Plant-Based Diets. Food Nutr Bull 2024; 45:S58-S66. [PMID: 38987876 DOI: 10.1177/03795721241227233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Plant-based diets are increasingly popular worldwide. A well-planned plant-based diet lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and certain cancers. In contrast, a poorly planned plant-based diet increases the risk of certain micronutrient deficiencies, chiefly, vitamin B12 (B12). Because B12 is not present in plants or in unfortified plant-based foodstuffs, the safest way to prevent its deficiency in plant-based diets is to take an oral B12 supplement. Studies determining the dose and frequency of B12 to be taken by healthy individuals on a plant-based diet to support an adequate B12 status are scarce. Here, we summarize the natural sources, metabolic requirements, biomarker findings with and without supplementation with B12, and current recommendations to help prevent vitamin B12 deficiency in healthy individuals adhering or transitioning to plant-based diets. This review focuses on the prevention of vitamin B12 deficiency in healthy individuals adhering to plant-based diets. The information covered in this review does not apply to individuals suffering from autoimmune-based malabsorption of vitamin B12 resulting from pernicious anemia due to atrophic gastritis, other acquired causes of B12 malabsorption or to those with genetic disorders that impair vitamin B12 absorption, transport and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Lederer
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian A Storz
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roman Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donald W Jacobsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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4
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Wang T, Masedunskas A, Willett WC, Fontana L. Vegetarian and vegan diets: benefits and drawbacks. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:3423-3439. [PMID: 37450568 PMCID: PMC10516628 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets have become increasingly popular thanks to their purported health benefits and more recently for their positive environmental impact. Prospective studies suggest that consuming vegetarian diets is associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, hypertension, dementia, and cancer. Data from randomized clinical trials have confirmed a protective effect of vegetarian diets for the prevention of diabetes and reductions in weight, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but to date, no data are available for cardiovascular event rates and cognitive impairment, and there are very limited data for cancer. Moreover, not all plant-based foods are equally healthy. Unhealthy vegetarian diets poor in specific nutrients (vitamin B12, iron, zinc, and calcium) and/or rich in highly processed and refined foods increase morbidity and mortality. Further mechanistic studies are desirable to understand whether the advantages of healthy, minimally processed vegetarian diets represent an all-or-nothing phenomenon and whether consuming primarily plant-based diets containing small quantities of animal products (e.g. pesco-vegetarian or Mediterranean diets) has beneficial, detrimental, or neutral effects on cardiometabolic health outcomes. Further, mechanistic studies are warranted to enhance our understanding about healthy plant-based food patterns and the biological mechanisms linking dietary factors, CVD, and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Charles Perkins Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrius Masedunskas
- Charles Perkins Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luigi Fontana
- Charles Perkins Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Brescia University, Brescia, Lombardy, Italy
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5
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López-Pozo M, Adams WW, Demmig-Adams B. Lemnaceae as Novel Crop Candidates for CO 2 Sequestration and Additional Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3090. [PMID: 37687337 PMCID: PMC10490035 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is projected to be twice as high as the pre-industrial level by 2050. This review briefly highlights key responses of terrestrial plants to elevated CO2 and compares these with the responses of aquatic floating plants of the family Lemnaceae (duckweeds). Duckweeds are efficient at removing CO2 from the atmosphere, which we discuss in the context of their exceptionally high growth rates and capacity for starch storage in green tissue. In contrast to cultivation of terrestrial crops, duckweeds do not contribute to CO2 release from soils. We briefly review how this potential for contributions to stabilizing atmospheric CO2 levels is paired with multiple additional applications and services of duckweeds. These additional roles include wastewater phytoremediation, feedstock for biofuel production, and superior nutritional quality (for humans and livestock), while requiring minimal space and input of light and fertilizer. We, furthermore, elaborate on other environmental factors, such as nutrient availability, light supply, and the presence of a microbiome, that impact the response of duckweed to elevated CO2. Under a combination of elevated CO2 with low nutrient availability and moderate light supply, duckweeds' microbiome helps maintain CO2 sequestration and relative growth rate. When incident light intensity increases (in the presence of elevated CO2), the microbiome minimizes negative feedback on photosynthesis from increased sugar accumulation. In addition, duckweed shows a clear propensity for absorption of ammonium over nitrate, accepting ammonium from their endogenous N2-fixing Rhizobium symbionts, and production of large amounts of vegetative storage protein. Finally, cultivation of duckweed could be further optimized using hydroponic vertical farms where nutrients and water are recirculated, saving both resources, space, and energy to produce high-value products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina López-Pozo
- Department of Plant Biology & Ecology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - William W. Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Barbara Demmig-Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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6
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Kumar R, Singh U, Tiwari A, Tiwari P, Sahu JK, Sharma S. Vitamin B12: Strategies for enhanced production, fortified functional food products and health benefits. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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7
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Friedjung Yosef A, Ghazaryan L, Klamann L, Kaufman KS, Baubin C, Poodiack B, Ran N, Gabay T, Didi-Cohen S, Bog M, Khozin-Goldberg I, Gillor O. Diversity and Differentiation of Duckweed Species from Israel. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233326. [PMID: 36501368 PMCID: PMC9736646 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Duckweeds (Lemnaceae) are tiny plants that float on aquatic surfaces and are typically isolated from temperate and equatorial regions. Yet, duckweed diversity in Mediterranean and arid regions has been seldom explored. To address this gap in knowledge, we surveyed duckweed diversity in Israel, an ecological junction between Mediterranean and arid climates. We searched for duckweeds in the north and center of Israel on the surface of streams, ponds and waterholes. We collected and isolated 27 duckweeds and characterized their morphology, molecular barcodes (atpF-atpH and psbK-psbI) and biochemical features (protein content and fatty acids composition). Six species were identified-Lemna minor, L. gibba and Wolffia arrhiza dominated the duckweed populations, and together with past sightings, are suggested to be native to Israel. The fatty acid profiles and protein content further suggest that diverged functions have attributed to different haplotypes among the identified species. Spirodela polyrhiza, W. globosa and L. minuta were also identified but were rarer. S. polyrhiza was previously reported in our region, thus, its current low abundance should be revisited. However, L. minuta and W. globosa are native to America and Far East Asia, respectively, and are invasive in Europe. We hypothesize that they may be invasive species to our region as well, carried by migratory birds that disperse them through their migration routes. This study indicates that the duckweed population in Israel's aquatic environments consists of both native and transient species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Friedjung Yosef
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Lusine Ghazaryan
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Linda Klamann
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Katherine Sarah Kaufman
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Capucine Baubin
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Ben Poodiack
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Noya Ran
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Talia Gabay
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Shoshana Didi-Cohen
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Manuela Bog
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Osnat Gillor
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
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8
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Total Active Compounds and Mineral Contents in Wolffia globosa. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/9212872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolffia globosa, or watermeal, is an aquatic plant belonging to the Lemnaceae family that is consumed as food and sold in local markets of Thailand. The aim of this study was to quantify selected active compounds and minerals in W. globosa ethanolic extract and evaluate its antioxidant activity. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents were analyzed. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for the determination of beta-carotene, ferulic acid, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol. Mineral contents (iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and sodium) were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Antioxidative activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical scavenging assays. The beta-carotene, ferulic acid, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, and kaempferol contents of the extract were 2.52 ± 0.10, 1.40 ± 0.10, 2.42 ± 0.50, and 1.57 ± 0.14 mg/g extract, respectively. The highest mineral content in the W. globosa extract was magnesium. The wet extract of W. globosa showed higher amounts of all minerals than the dry extract. Freshly prepared and boiled W. globosa extracts showed radical scavenging activity at 1000 µg/milliliter with 75.77 ± 0.93% and 67.10 ± 0.20% inhibition of DPPH and 70.40 ± 7.20% and 59.78 ± 3.16% inhibition of ABTS, respectively. This plant is a promising novel source of natural phytochemical constituents and antioxidants and has potential for development as a plant-based nutraceutical product for the treatment of diseases caused by free radicals.
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Rampazzo G, Zironi E, Pagliuca G, Gazzotti T. Analysis of Cobalamin (Vit B12) in Ripened Cheese by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182745. [PMID: 36140873 PMCID: PMC9497947 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of natural cobalamins in dairy products still represents an analytical challenge. The matrix’s complexity, low concentration level, light sensitivity, and binding to proteins are just some of the aspects that make their quantification a difficult goal to achieve. Vitamin B12 plays a fundamental role in human nutrition, and its intake is closely linked to a diet that includes the consumption of food of animal origin. In the current literature, few studies have been carried out on the quantitation of cobalamin in ripened cheeses. A sensitive, selective, and robust ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed, validated, and applied on ripened cheeses from different species (cow, sheep, and goat) purchased from local Italian markets, highlighting species-dependent differences in vitamin B12 concentrations. The vitamin B12 extraction procedure was performed by converting all cobalamins to the cyanocobalamin form. Furthermore, solid-phase extraction was used for matrix clean-up and analyte preconcentration. The proposed method showed good performance in terms of linearity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and repeatability. The mean vitamin B12 content ranged from <LOQ to 38.9 ng/g. Sheep cheese showed the highest concentrations of vitamin B12, with a mean content of 29.0 ng/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rampazzo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Zironi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pagliuca
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Teresa Gazzotti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
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10
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Marques de Brito B, Campos VDM, Neves FJ, Ramos LR, Tomita LY. Vitamin B12 sources in non-animal foods: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7853-7867. [PMID: 35343314 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2053057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Interest in plant-based diets and vegetarianism is increasing worldwide, however, a concern for total vegetarians is vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency. We conducted a systematic review to investigate non-animal food sources of B12. Databases were PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, Embase and Google Scholar, up to September 9, 2020. Quality of the eligible studies were assessed. We identified 25 studies which assessed B12 content in seaweeds, mushrooms, plants and fermented foods. Initial studies were microbiological bioassay, ELISA and HPLC. In the last decade, more sensitive method for real B12 determination was used, the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry chromatograms. Real B12 content varied from mean (SD) mcg/portion size of seaweed hijiki 3 × 10-3/7 g to nori 1.03 - 2.68/sheet; mushroom white button cap 2 × 10-3(7 × 10-4)/20 g dry weight (dw) to shiitake 0.79(0.67)-1.12 (0.78)/20 g dw; and fermented foods from soy yogurt 20/cup. It is possible that daily recommendations for B12 can be met by a varied diet containing non-animal B12 food sources. Future research should consider different methods of storage, preparation, fermented foods and standardization of the production of certain foods.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2053057.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Marques de Brito
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius de Menezes Campos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Félix Jesus Neves
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto Ramos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Yuki Tomita
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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11
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Lauer AA, Grimm HS, Apel B, Golobrodska N, Kruse L, Ratanski E, Schulten N, Schwarze L, Slawik T, Sperlich S, Vohla A, Grimm MOW. Mechanistic Link between Vitamin B12 and Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:129. [PMID: 35053277 PMCID: PMC8774227 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly population, affecting over 55 million people worldwide. Histopathological hallmarks of this multifactorial disease are an increased plaque burden and tangles in the brains of affected individuals. Several lines of evidence indicate that B12 hypovitaminosis is linked to AD. In this review, the biochemical pathways involved in AD that are affected by vitamin B12, focusing on APP processing, Aβ fibrillization, Aβ-induced oxidative damage as well as tau hyperphosphorylation and tau aggregation, are summarized. Besides the mechanistic link, an overview of clinical studies utilizing vitamin B supplementation are given, and a potential link between diseases and medication resulting in a reduced vitamin B12 level and AD are discussed. Besides the disease-mediated B12 hypovitaminosis, the reduction in vitamin B12 levels caused by an increasing change in dietary preferences has been gaining in relevance. In particular, vegetarian and vegan diets are associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, and therefore might have potential implications for AD. In conclusion, our review emphasizes the important role of vitamin B12 in AD, which is particularly important, as even in industrialized countries a large proportion of the population might not be sufficiently supplied with vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrea Lauer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Heike Sabine Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (H.S.G.)
| | - Birgit Apel
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Nataliya Golobrodska
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Lara Kruse
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Elina Ratanski
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Noemi Schulten
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Laura Schwarze
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Thomas Slawik
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Saskia Sperlich
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonia Vohla
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Marcus Otto Walter Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany; (A.A.L.); (H.S.G.)
- Nutrition Therapy and Counseling, Campus Rheinland, SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, 51377 Leverkusen, Germany; (B.A.); (N.G.); (L.K.); (E.R.); (N.S.); (L.S.); (T.S.); (S.S.); (A.V.)
- Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention, Saarland University, 66424 Homburg, Germany
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12
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Ashok T, Puttam H, Tarnate VCA, Jhaveri S, Avanthika C, Trejo Treviño AG, Sl S, Ahmed NT. Role of Vitamin B12 and Folate in Metabolic Syndrome. Cureus 2021; 13:e18521. [PMID: 34754676 PMCID: PMC8569690 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a collection of pathological metabolic conditions that includes insulin resistance, central or abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. It affects large populations worldwide, and its prevalence is rising exponentially. There is no specific mechanism that leads to the development of MS. Proposed hypotheses range from visceral adiposity being a key factor to an increase in very-low-density lipoprotein and fatty acid synthesis as the primary cause of MS. Numerous pharmaceutical therapies are widely available in the market for the treatment of the individual components of MS. The relationship between MS and vitamin B complex supplementation, specifically folic acid and vitamin B12, has been a subject of investigation worldwide, with several trials reporting a positive impact with vitamin supplementation on MS. In this study, an all-language literature search was conducted on Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar till September 2021. The following search strings and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were used: “Vitamin B12,” “Folate,” “Metabolic Syndrome,” and “Insulin Resistance.” We explored the literature on MS for its epidemiology, pathophysiology, newer treatment options, with a special focus on the effectiveness of supplementation with vitamins B9 and B12. According to the literature, vitamin B12 and folate supplementation, along with a host of novel therapies, has a considerable positive impact on MS. These findings must be kept in mind while designing newer treatment protocols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Ashok
- Internal Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara Medical College, Mysore, IND
| | - Harivarsha Puttam
- Internal Medicine, Employees' State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | | | - Sharan Jhaveri
- Internal Medicine, Smt. Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Chaithanya Avanthika
- Medicine and Surgery, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, IND.,Pediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, IND
| | | | - Sandeep Sl
- Internal Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Kattankulathur, IND
| | - Nazia T Ahmed
- Medicine, Shahabuddin Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
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Yaskolka Meir A, Rinott E, Tsaban G, Zelicha H, Kaplan A, Rosen P, Shelef I, Youngster I, Shalev A, Blüher M, Ceglarek U, Stumvoll M, Tuohy K, Diotallevi C, Vrhovsek U, Hu F, Stampfer M, Shai I. Effect of green-Mediterranean diet on intrahepatic fat: the DIRECT PLUS randomised controlled trial. Gut 2021; 70:2085-2095. [PMID: 33461965 PMCID: PMC8515100 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of green-Mediterranean (MED) diet, further restricted in red/processed meat, and enriched with green plants and polyphenols on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), reflected by intrahepatic fat (IHF) loss. DESIGN For the DIRECT-PLUS 18-month randomized clinical trial, we assigned 294 participants with abdominal obesity/dyslipidaemia into healthy dietary guidelines (HDG), MED and green-MED weight-loss diet groups, all accompanied by physical activity. Both isocaloric MED groups consumed 28 g/day walnuts (+440 mg/day polyphenols provided). The green-MED group further consumed green tea (3-4 cups/day) and Mankai (a Wolffia globosa aquatic plant strain; 100 g/day frozen cubes) green shake (+1240 mg/day total polyphenols provided). IHF% 18-month changes were quantified continuously by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). RESULTS Participants (age=51 years; 88% men; body mass index=31.3 kg/m2; median IHF%=6.6%; mean=10.2%; 62% with NAFLD) had 89.8% 18-month retention-rate, and 78% had eligible follow-up MRS. Overall, NAFLD prevalence declined to: 54.8% (HDG), 47.9% (MED) and 31.5% (green-MED), p=0.012 between groups. Despite similar moderate weight-loss in both MED groups, green-MED group achieved almost double IHF% loss (-38.9% proportionally), as compared with MED (-19.6% proportionally; p=0.035 weight loss adjusted) and HDG (-12.2% proportionally; p<0.001). After 18 months, both MED groups had significantly higher total plasma polyphenol levels versus HDG, with higher detection of Naringenin and 2-5-dihydroxybenzoic-acid in green-MED. Greater IHF% loss was independently associated with increased Mankai and walnuts intake, decreased red/processed meat consumption, improved serum folate and adipokines/lipids biomarkers, changes in microbiome composition (beta-diversity) and specific bacteria (p<0.05 for all). CONCLUSION The new suggested strategy of green-Mediterranean diet, amplified with green plant-based proteins/polyphenols as Mankai, green tea, and walnuts, and restricted in red/processed meat can double IHF loss than other healthy nutritional strategies and reduce NAFLD in half. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03020186.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ehud Rinott
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Gal Tsaban
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel,Division of Cardiology, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Hila Zelicha
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Kaplan
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Philip Rosen
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ilan Youngster
- Pediatric Division and Center for Microbiome Research, Shamir Medical Center, Be’er Ya’akov, Israel
| | - Aryeh Shalev
- Division of Cardiology, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michelle All'Adige, Italy
| | - Camilla Diotallevi
- Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michelle All'Adige, Italy,Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Frank Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iris Shai
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Romano LE, Aronne G. The World Smallest Plants ( Wolffia Sp.) as Potential Species for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems in Space. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1896. [PMID: 34579428 PMCID: PMC8470744 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To colonise other planets, self-sufficiency of space missions is mandatory. To date, the most promising technology to support long-duration missions is the bioregenerative life support system (BLSS), in which plants as autotrophs play a crucial role in recycling wastes and producing food and oxygen. We reviewed the scientific literature on duckweed (Lemnaceae) and reported available information on plant biological traits, nutritional features, biomass production, and space applications, especially of the genus Wolffia. Results confirmed that the smallest existing higher plants are the best candidate for space BLSS. We discussed needs for further research before criticalities to be addressed to finalise the adoption of Wolffia species for space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leone Ermes Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
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15
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Diotallevi C, Gaudioso G, Fava F, Angeli A, Lotti C, Vrhovsek U, Rinott E, Shai I, Gobbetti M, Tuohy K. Measuring the effect of Mankai® (Wolffia globosa) on the gut microbiota and its metabolic output using an in vitro colon model. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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16
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Yaskolka Meir A, Tuohy K, von Bergen M, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Heinig U, Zelicha H, Tsaban G, Rinott E, Kaplan A, Aharoni A, Zeibich L, Chang D, Dirks B, Diotallevi C, Arapitsas P, Vrhovsek U, Ceglarek U, Haange SB, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Engelmann B, Lapidot M, Colt M, Sun Q, Shai I. The Metabolomic-Gut-Clinical Axis of Mankai Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols. Nutrients 2021; 13:1866. [PMID: 34070816 PMCID: PMC8229908 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by plants to defend themselves from environmental stressors. We explored the effect of Wolffia globosa 'Mankai', a novel cultivated strain of a polyphenol-rich aquatic plant, on the metabolomic-gut clinical axis in vitro, in-vivo and in a clinical trial. METHODS We used mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics methods from three laboratories to detect Mankai phenolic metabolites and examined predicted functional pathways in a Mankai artificial-gut bioreactor. Plasma and urine polyphenols were assessed among the 294 DIRECT-PLUS 18-month trial participants, comparing the effect of a polyphenol-rich green-Mediterranean diet (+1240 mg/polyphenols/day, provided by Mankai, green tea and walnuts) to a walnuts-enriched (+440 mg/polyphenols/day) Mediterranean diet and a healthy controlled diet. RESULTS Approximately 200 different phenolic compounds were specifically detected in the Mankai plant. The Mankai-supplemented bioreactor artificial gut displayed a significantly higher relative-abundance of 16S-rRNA bacterial gene sequences encoding for enzymes involved in phenolic compound degradation. In humans, several Mankai-related plasma and urine polyphenols were differentially elevated in the green Mediterranean group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05) after six and 18 months of intervention (e.g., urine hydroxy-phenyl-acetic-acid and urolithin-A; plasma Naringenin and 2,5-diOH-benzoic-acid). Specific polyphenols, such as urolithin-A and 4-ethylphenol, were directly involved with clinical weight-related changes. CONCLUSIONS The Mankai new plant is rich in various unique potent polyphenols, potentially affecting the metabolomic-gut-clinical axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Center for Health through Microbiomes, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA;
| | - Uwe Heinig
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (U.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Hila Zelicha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Gal Tsaban
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Ehud Rinott
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Alon Kaplan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (U.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Lydia Zeibich
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (L.Z.); (D.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Debbie Chang
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (L.Z.); (D.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Blake Dirks
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (L.Z.); (D.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Camilla Diotallevi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitätsplatz 5-Piazza Università, 39100 Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Arapitsas
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Miri Lapidot
- Research and Development Department, Hinoman Ltd., Rishon Lezion 7546302, Israel; (M.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Monica Colt
- Research and Development Department, Hinoman Ltd., Rishon Lezion 7546302, Israel; (M.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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