1
|
Gurwitz D, Shomron N. Artificial intelligence utility for drug development: ChatGPT and beyond. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22121. [PMID: 37815084 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Innovation Labs (TILabs), Tel Aviv, Israel
- Djerassi Institute of Oncology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shulman S, Yonatan-Leus R. The long arm of rejection sensitivity and young adults' romantic relationships: An extension and a replication. J Adolesc 2024; 96:167-176. [PMID: 37882221 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an earlier study, we followed adolescents from age 16 to 23, examining the effect of rejection sensitivity (RS) on the quality of future romantic relationships. Findings showed that RS decreased over time, and the decrease associated with a higher quality of future romantic relationships. In contrast, the effect of the earlier level of RS on the quality of future romantic relationships was minor. METHODS Extending the earlier study, these 101 Israeli young adults (69 females, mean age = 22.79) were followed again from age 23 to 28. At age 28, the level of RS was assessed again. In addition, participants reported about the quality of their current or most recent romantic relationship. RESULTS Contrary to the earlier study, findings of the current study show that the earlier higher level of RS at age 23 was associated with a higher likelihood of maintaining distance and self concealing from one's partner, feeling less certain, and reporting greater tension in future relationships. In contrast, the effect of change in RS between ages 23 and 28 on future relationships was minimal. CONCLUSIONS Integrating the findings of the current and earlier studies underscores the role of earlier RS and its change over time during different developmental periods. RS decreases during the transition from adolescence to adulthood, and this decrease associates with a future higher quality of romantic relationships. In contrast, during the latter 20s RS stabilizes, and therefore, its earlier level associates with future romantic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shmuel Shulman
- Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Psychology, College of Management, Rishon Le'Zion, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kos A, Lopez JP, Bordes J, de Donno C, Dine J, Brivio E, Karamihalev S, Luecken MD, Almeida-Correa S, Gasperoni S, Dick A, Miranda L, Büttner M, Stoffel R, Flachskamm C, Theis FJ, Schmidt MV, Chen A. Early life adversity shapes social subordination and cell type-specific transcriptomic patterning in the ventral hippocampus. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadj3793. [PMID: 38039370 PMCID: PMC10691768 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Adverse events in early life can modulate the response to additional stressors later in life and increase the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. The underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects remain unclear. Here, we uncover that early life adversity (ELA) in mice leads to social subordination. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we identified cell type-specific changes in the transcriptional state of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the ventral hippocampus of ELA mice after exposure to acute social stress in adulthood. These findings were reflected by an alteration in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission induced by ELA in response to acute social stress. Finally, enhancing the inhibitory network function through transient diazepam treatment during an early developmental sensitive period reversed the ELA-induced social subordination. Collectively, this study significantly advances our understanding of the molecular, physiological, and behavioral alterations induced by ELA, uncovering a previously unknown cell type-specific vulnerability to ELA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aron Kos
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Lopez
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joeri Bordes
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Carlo de Donno
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julien Dine
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elena Brivio
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Stoyo Karamihalev
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Malte D. Luecken
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Serena Gasperoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alec Dick
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas Miranda
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Maren Büttner
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Stoffel
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia Flachskamm
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian J. Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V. Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Anabel Sinberger L, Zahavi T, Sonnenblick A, Salmon-Divon M. Coexistent ARID1A-PIK3CA mutations are associated with immune-related pathways in luminal breast cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20911. [PMID: 38017109 PMCID: PMC10684499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 40% of luminal breast cancer patients carry activating mutations in the PIK3CA gene. PIK3CA mutations commonly co-occur with other mutations, but the implication of this co-occurrence may vary according to the specific genes involved. Here, we characterized a subgroup of luminal breast cancer expressing co-mutations in ARID1A and PIK3CA genes and identified their effect on important signaling pathways. Our study included 2609 primary breast cancer samples from the TCGA and METABRIC datasets that were classified based on tumor subtype and the existence of mutations in PIK3CA and ARID1A genes. Differential expression and WGCNA analyses were performed to detect molecular modules affected by the existence of the mutations. Our results reveal various evidence for the involvement of immune-related pathways in luminal tumors harboring ARID1A and PIK3CA mutations, as well as a unique Tumor-infiltrated immune cells composition. We also identified seven key hub genes in the ARID1A-PIK3CA mutated tumors associated with immune-related pathways: CTLA4, PRF1, LCK, CD3E, CD247, ZAP70, and LCP2. Collectively, these results indicate an immune system function that may contribute to tumor survival. Our data induced a hypothesis that ARID1A and PIK3CA mutations' co-occurrence might predict responses to immunotherapy in luminal BC and, if validated, could guide immunotherapy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamar Zahavi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Amir Sonnenblick
- Institute of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Mali Salmon-Divon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yaskolka Meir A, Keller M, Hoffmann A, Rinott E, Tsaban G, Kaplan A, Zelicha H, Hagemann T, Ceglarek U, Isermann B, Shelef I, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Li J, Haange SB, Engelmann B, Rolle-Kampczyk U, von Bergen M, Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Kovacs P, Liang L, Shai I. The effect of polyphenols on DNA methylation-assessed biological age attenuation: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2023; 21:364. [PMID: 37743489 PMCID: PMC10519069 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic age is an estimator of biological age based on DNA methylation; its discrepancy from chronologic age warrants further investigation. We recently reported that greater polyphenol intake benefitted ectopic fats, brain function, and gut microbiota profile, corresponding with elevated urine polyphenols. The effect of polyphenol-rich dietary interventions on biological aging is yet to be determined. METHODS We calculated different biological aging epigenetic clocks of different generations (Horvath2013, Hannum2013, Li2018, Horvath skin and blood2018, PhenoAge2018, PCGrimAge2022), their corresponding age and intrinsic age accelerations, and DunedinPACE, all based on DNA methylation (Illumina EPIC array; pre-specified secondary outcome) for 256 participants with abdominal obesity or dyslipidemia, before and after the 18-month DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial. Three interventions were assigned: healthy dietary guidelines, a Mediterranean (MED) diet, and a polyphenol-rich, low-red/processed meat Green-MED diet. Both MED groups consumed 28 g walnuts/day (+ 440 mg/day polyphenols). The Green-MED group consumed green tea (3-4 cups/day) and Mankai (Wolffia globosa strain) 500-ml green shake (+ 800 mg/day polyphenols). Adherence to the Green-MED diet was assessed by questionnaire and urine polyphenols metabolomics (high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight). RESULTS Baseline chronological age (51.3 ± 10.6 years) was significantly correlated with all methylation age (mAge) clocks with correlations ranging from 0.83 to 0.95; p < 2.2e - 16 for all. While all interventions did not differ in terms of changes between mAge clocks, greater Green-Med diet adherence was associated with a lower 18-month relative change (i.e., greater mAge attenuation) in Li and Hannum mAge (beta = - 0.41, p = 0.004 and beta = - 0.38, p = 0.03, respectively; multivariate models). Greater Li mAge attenuation (multivariate models adjusted for age, sex, baseline mAge, and weight loss) was mostly affected by higher intake of Mankai (beta = - 1.8; p = 0.061) and green tea (beta = - 1.57; p = 0.0016) and corresponded with elevated urine polyphenols: hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, and urolithin C (p < 0.05 for all) and urolithin A (p = 0.08), highly common in green plants. Overall, participants undergoing either MED-style diet had ~ 8.9 months favorable difference between the observed and expected Li mAge at the end of the intervention (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that MED and green-MED diets with increased polyphenols intake, such as green tea and Mankai, are inversely associated with biological aging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical trial to indicate a potential link between polyphenol intake, urine polyphenols, and biological aging. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03020186.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anat Yaskolka Meir
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 8410501, Be'er Sheva, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maria Keller
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ehud Rinott
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 8410501, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Gal Tsaban
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 8410501, Be'er Sheva, Israel
- Soroka University Medical Center, 84101, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Kaplan
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 8410501, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Hila Zelicha
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 8410501, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Tobias Hagemann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Soroka University Medical Center, 84101, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sven-Bastian Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Iris Shai
- The Health & Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 8410501, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ovadia S, Cui G, Elkon R, Cohen-Gulkar M, Zuk-Bar N, Tuoc T, Jing N, Ashery-Padan R. SWI/SNF complexes are required for retinal pigmented epithelium differentiation and for the inhibition of cell proliferation and neural differentiation programs. Development 2023; 150:dev201488. [PMID: 37522516 PMCID: PMC10482007 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
During embryonic development, tissue-specific transcription factors and chromatin remodelers function together to ensure gradual, coordinated differentiation of multiple lineages. Here, we define this regulatory interplay in the developing retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), a neuroectodermal lineage essential for the development, function and maintenance of the adjacent retina. We present a high-resolution spatial transcriptomic atlas of the developing mouse RPE and the adjacent ocular mesenchyme obtained by geographical position sequencing (Geo-seq) of a single developmental stage of the eye that encompasses young and more mature ocular progenitors. These transcriptomic data, available online, reveal the key transcription factors and their gene regulatory networks during RPE and ocular mesenchyme differentiation. Moreover, conditional inactivation followed by Geo-seq revealed that this differentiation program is dependent on the activity of SWI/SNF complexes, shown here to control the expression and activity of RPE transcription factors and, at the same time, inhibit neural progenitor and cell proliferation genes. The findings reveal the roles of the SWI/SNF complexes in controlling the intersection between RPE and neural cell fates and the coupling of cell-cycle exit and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shai Ovadia
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Guizhong Cui
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Department of Basic Research, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Ran Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Mazal Cohen-Gulkar
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nitay Zuk-Bar
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Tran Tuoc
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University of Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Naihe Jing
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Department of Basic Research, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Ruth Ashery-Padan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Talal S, Mona K, Karem A, Yaniv L, Reut HM, Ariel S, Moran AK, Harel E, Campisi-Pinto S, Mahmoud AA, Raul C, David T, Gil BS, Idan C. Neutrophil degranulation and severely impaired extracellular trap formation at the basis of susceptibility to infections of hemodialysis patients. BMC Med 2022; 20:364. [PMID: 36284314 PMCID: PMC9597999 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease patients are at increased risk of mortality with cardiovascular diseases and infections as the two leading causes of death for end-stage kidney disease treated with hemodialysis (HD). Mortality from bacterial infections in HD patients is estimated to be 100-1000 times higher than in the healthy population. METHODS We comprehensively characterized highly pure circulating neutrophils from HD and healthy donors. RESULTS Protein levels and transcriptome of HD patients' neutrophils indicated massive neutrophil degranulation with a dramatic reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during an oxidative burst and defective oxidative cellular signaling. Moreover, HD neutrophils exhibit severely impaired ability to generate extracellular NET formation (NETosis) in NADPH oxidase-dependent or independent pathways, reflecting their loss of capacity to kill extracellular bacteria. Ectopic hydrogen peroxidase (H2O2) or recombinant human SOD-1 (rSOD-1) partly restores and improves the extent of HD dysfunctional neutrophil NET formation. CONCLUSIONS Our report is one of the first singular examples of severe and chronic impairment of NET formation leading to substantial clinical susceptibility to bacteremia that most likely results from the metabolic and environmental milieu typical to HD patients and not by common human genetic deficiencies. In this manner, aberrant gene expression and differential exocytosis of distinct granule populations could reflect the chronic defect in neutrophil functionality and their diminished ability to induce NETosis. Therefore, our findings suggest that targeting NETosis in HD patients may reduce infections, minimize their severity, and decrease the mortality rate from infections in this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salti Talal
- Oncology & Hematology Division, Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, 21 Yitzhak Rabin Blvd, 1834111, Afula, Israel
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 320002, Haifa, Israel
| | - Khoury Mona
- Oncology & Hematology Division, Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, 21 Yitzhak Rabin Blvd, 1834111, Afula, Israel
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 320002, Haifa, Israel
| | - Awad Karem
- Nephrology Department, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | | | - Shemesh Ariel
- Biomedical Core Facility, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Eitam Harel
- Emek Medical Center, Clinical Laboratories, Clalit, Afula, Israel
| | | | - Abu-Amna Mahmoud
- Oncology & Hematology Division, Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, 21 Yitzhak Rabin Blvd, 1834111, Afula, Israel
| | - Colodner Raul
- Emek Medical Center, Clinical Laboratories, Clalit, Afula, Israel
| | - Tovbin David
- Nephrology Department, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Bar-Sela Gil
- Oncology & Hematology Division, Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, 21 Yitzhak Rabin Blvd, 1834111, Afula, Israel.
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 320002, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Cohen Idan
- Oncology & Hematology Division, Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, 21 Yitzhak Rabin Blvd, 1834111, Afula, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fruchter D, Feingold Polak R, Berman S, Levy-Tzedek S. Automating provision of feedback to stroke patients with and without information on compensatory movements: A pilot study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:918804. [PMID: 36003313 PMCID: PMC9393297 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.918804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing effective feedback to patients in a rehabilitation training program is essential. As technologies are being developed to support patient training, they need to be able to provide the users with feedback on their performance. As there are various aspects on which feedback can be given (e.g., task success and presence of compensatory movements), it is important to ensure that users are not overwhelmed by too much information given too frequently by the assistive technology. We created a rule-based set of guidelines for the desired hierarchy, timing, and content of feedback to be used when stroke patients train with an upper-limb exercise platform which we developed. The feedback applies to both success on task completion and to the execution of compensatory movements, and is based on input collected from clinicians in a previous study. We recruited 11 stroke patients 1–72 months from injury onset. Ten participants completed the training; each trained with the rehabilitation platform in two configurations: with motor feedback (MF) and with no motor feedback (control condition) (CT). The two conditions were identical, except for the feedback content provided: in both conditions they received feedback on task success; in the MF condition they also received feedback on making undesired compensatory movements during the task. Participants preferred the configuration that provided feedback on both task success and quality of movement (MF). This pilot experiment demonstrates the feasibility of a system providing both task-success and movement-quality feedback to patients based on a decision tree which we developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Fruchter
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ronit Feingold Polak
- Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Herzog Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sigal Berman
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shelly Levy-Tzedek
- Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Shelly Levy-Tzedek,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eyran T, Vaisman-Mentesh A, Taussig D, Dror Y, Aizik L, Kigel A, Rosenstein S, Bahar Y, Ini D, Tur-Kaspa R, Kournos T, Marcoviciu D, Dicker D, Wine Y. Longitudinal kinetics of RBD+ antibodies in COVID-19 recovered patients over 14 months. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010569. [PMID: 35658051 PMCID: PMC9200310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the longitudinal kinetics of the serological response in COVID-19 recovered patients over a period of 14 months. The antibody kinetics in a cohort of 192 recovered patients, including 66 patients for whom follow-up serum samples were obtained at two to four clinic visits, revealed that RBD-specific antibodies decayed over the 14 months following the onset of symptoms. The decay rate was associated with the robustness of the response in that antibody levels that were initially highly elevated after the onset of symptoms subsequently decayed more rapidly. An exploration of the differences in the longitudinal kinetics between recovered patients and naïve vaccinees who had received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine showed a significantly faster decay in the naïve vaccinees, indicating that serological memory following natural infection is more robust than that following to vaccination. Our data highlighting the differences between serological memory induced by natural infection vs. vaccination contributed to the decision-making process in Israel regarding the necessity for a third vaccination dose. The fundamental idea guiding vaccine science is that an ideal vaccine should induce immunity similar to the immunity produced by natural infection. A vaccine is designed to “train” the immune system in a way that it will mimic the stimulation necessary for immune development, yet not produce active disease. Understanding the persistence of antibodies in patients following recovery from natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 will help to highlight the differences between the breadth of the antibody responses following natural infection and vaccination and may inform us whether the vaccine “training” will effectively stimulate the immune system to provide long-lasting immunity. Using samples collected from recovered COVID-19 patients over an extended period of 14 months, we followed the persistence of antibodies and found an association between the antibody levels in proximity to recovery and the rate of decay. In addition, we found that the decay rate of antibodies in BNT162b2 vaccinees was significantly faster than that in recovered patients, suggesting that there are fundamental differences between the mechanisms of activation of the adaptive arm of the immune response following vaccine and natural infection. While natural infection involves full systemic activation, this activation may be incomplete with an mRNA vaccination, thereby affecting the capacity of the immune system to maintain an antibody reservoir over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuf Eyran
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Vaisman-Mentesh
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Taussig
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Dror
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ligal Aizik
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aya Kigel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Center for Combatting Pandemics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shai Rosenstein
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Bahar
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dor Ini
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Tur-Kaspa
- Liver Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Molecular Hepatology Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Tatyana Kournos
- Internal Medicine D, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Dana Marcoviciu
- Internal Medicine D, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Dror Dicker
- Internal Medicine D, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (DD); (YW)
| | - Yariv Wine
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Center for Combatting Pandemics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (DD); (YW)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kleinerman A, Rosenfeld A, Benrimoh D, Fratila R, Armstrong C, Mehltretter J, Shneider E, Yaniv-Rosenfeld A, Karp J, Reynolds CF, Turecki G, Kapelner A. Treatment selection using prototyping in latent-space with application to depression treatment. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258400. [PMID: 34767577 PMCID: PMC8589171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Machine-assisted treatment selection commonly follows one of two paradigms: a fully personalized paradigm which ignores any possible clustering of patients; or a sub-grouping paradigm which ignores personal differences within the identified groups. While both paradigms have shown promising results, each of them suffers from important limitations. In this article, we propose a novel deep learning-based treatment selection approach that is shown to strike a balance between the two paradigms using latent-space prototyping. Our approach is specifically tailored for domains in which effective prototypes and sub-groups of patients are assumed to exist, but groupings relevant to the training objective are not observable in the non-latent space. In an extensive evaluation, using both synthetic and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) real-world clinical data describing 4754 MDD patients from clinical trials for depression treatment, we show that our approach favorably compares with state-of-the-art approaches. Specifically, the model produced an 8% absolute and 23% relative improvement over random treatment allocation. This is potentially clinically significant, given the large number of patients with MDD. Therefore, the model can bring about a much desired leap forward in the way depression is treated today.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Benrimoh
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Aifred Health, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Amit Yaniv-Rosenfeld
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
- Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Jordan Karp
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Charles F. Reynolds
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Adam Kapelner
- Queens College, New York City, NY, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gupta CL, Blum SE, Kattusamy K, Daniel T, Druyan S, Shapira R, Krifucks O, Zhu YG, Zhou XY, Su JQ, Cytryn E. Longitudinal study on the effects of growth-promoting and therapeutic antibiotics on the dynamics of chicken cloacal and litter microbiomes and resistomes. Microbiome 2021; 9:178. [PMID: 34454634 PMCID: PMC8403378 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic and growth-promoting antibiotics are frequently used in broiler production. Indirect evidence indicates that these practices are linked to the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from food animals to humans, and the environment, but there is a lack of comprehensive experimental data supporting this. We investigated the effects of growth promotor (bacitracin) and therapeutic (enrofloxacin) antibiotic administration on AMR in broilers for the duration of a production cycle, using a holistic approach that integrated both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. We specifically focused on pathogen-harboring families (Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Staphylococcaceae). RESULTS Antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes were ubiquitous in chicken cloaca and litter regardless of antibiotic administration. Environment (cloaca vs. litter) and growth stage were the primary drivers of variation in the microbiomes and resistomes, with increased bacterial diversity and a general decrease in abundance of the pathogen-harboring families with age. Bacitracin-fed groups had higher levels of bacitracin resistance genes and of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcaceae (total Enterococcaceae counts were not higher). Although metagenomic analyses classified 28-76% of the Enterococcaceae as the commensal human pathogens E. faecalis and E. faecium, culture-based analysis suggested that approximately 98% of the vancomycin-resistant Enterococcaceae were avian and not human-associated, suggesting differences in the taxonomic profiles of the resistant and non-resistant strains. Enrofloxacin treatments had varying effects, but generally facilitated increased relative abundance of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains, which were primarily E. coli. Metagenomic approaches revealed a diverse array of Staphylococcus spp., but the opportunistic pathogen S. aureus and methicillin resistance genes were not detected in culture-based or metagenomic analyses. Camphylobacteriaceae were significantly more abundant in the cloacal samples, especially in enrofloxacin-treated chickens, where a metagenome-assembled C. jejuni genome harboring fluoroquinolone and β-lactam resistance genes was identified. CONCLUSIONS Within a "farm-to-fork, one health" perspective, considering the evidence that bacitracin and enrofloxacin used in poultry production can select for resistance, we recommend their use be regulated. Furthermore, we suggest routine surveillance of ESBL E. coli, vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis and E. faecium, and fluoroquinolone-resistant C. jejuni strains considering their pathogenic nature and capacity to disseminate AMR to the environment. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chhedi Lal Gupta
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, 7528809, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Shlomo E Blum
- Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250, Beit Dagan, Israel.
| | - Karuppasamy Kattusamy
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, 7528809, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Tali Daniel
- Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250, Beit Dagan, Israel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shelly Druyan
- Institute of Animal Science, Poultry and Aquaculture, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, 7505101, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Roni Shapira
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oleg Krifucks
- Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250, Beit Dagan, Israel
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, 7528809, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Buch A, Goldsmith R, Nitsan L, Margaliot M, Shefer G, Marcus Y, Stern N. 24-h Potassium Excretion Is Associated with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: Results from a National Survey Based on Urine Collection in Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:2689. [PMID: 34444849 PMCID: PMC8398787 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced diet and weight loss are the first lines of treatment for the prevention of metabolic syndrome (MS). Dietary strategies may include changing the composition of macronutrients, adopting a particular dietary pattern as a Mediterranean diet. However, the role of micronutrients, particularly potassium, in the propensity for or treatment of the syndrome is unclear. The study aimed to examine the relationship between the presence of the MS and its risk factors and the 24-h potassium excretion as the most valid proxy for dietary intake. The analyses were performed as part of the national survey estimating sodium and other electrolytes excretion conducted between 2014-2016 in Israel. The survey included urine collection, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and a comprehensive medical questionnaire that included details on the intake of medications that may affect electrolyte secretion. A model was constructed to evaluate the probability for the MS. MS score and its probability were examined in relation to potassium excretion at different levels and in stratification to sex. A total of 581 participants were included in the analysis. The mean potassium excretion was 2818 ± 1417 mg. The prevalence of the MS was 18.5% among participants with above-average potassium excretion and about 10.4% among participants with lower-than-average excretion (p = 0.007). A dose-response relationship was observed between MS score and potassium: the higher the score, the lower was the excretion of potassium. Potassium excretion, rather than sodium excretion, correlated with all components of the MS and even predicted MS independently from other variables. This is the first study based on a national survey showing that potassium consumption, as represented by daily excretion in urine, is inversely related to the presence of MS components after adjustment for several leading variables and careful exclusion of participants taking drugs which may interfere in potassium excretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Buch
- Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (A.B.); (M.M.); (G.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Rebecca Goldsmith
- Nutrition Division, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9101002, Israel; (R.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Lesley Nitsan
- Nutrition Division, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9101002, Israel; (R.G.); (L.N.)
| | - Miri Margaliot
- Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (A.B.); (M.M.); (G.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Gabi Shefer
- Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (A.B.); (M.M.); (G.S.); (Y.M.)
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel
| | - Yonit Marcus
- Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (A.B.); (M.M.); (G.S.); (Y.M.)
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel
| | - Naftali Stern
- Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (A.B.); (M.M.); (G.S.); (Y.M.)
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Aging and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lapidot Y, Reshef L, Goldsmith R, Na’amnih W, Kassem E, Ornoy A, Gophna U, Muhsen K. The Associations between Diet and Socioeconomic Disparities and the Intestinal Microbiome in Preadolescence. Nutrients 2021; 13:2645. [PMID: 34444813 PMCID: PMC8398108 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome continues to shift and develop throughout youth and could play a pivotal role in health and wellbeing throughout adulthood. Environmental and interpersonal determinants are strong mediators of the intestinal microbiome during the rapid growth period of preadolescence. We aim to delineate associations between the gut microbiome composition, body mass index (BMI), dietary intake and socioeconomic status (SES) in a cohort of ethnically homogenous preadolescents. This cohort included 139 Arab children aged 10-12 years, from varying socioeconomic strata. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method. The intestinal microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Microbial composition was associated with SES, showing an overrepresentation of Prevotella and Eubacterium in children with lower SES. Higher BMI was associated with lower microbial diversity and altered taxonomic composition, including higher levels of Collinsella, especially among participants from lower SES. Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids was the strongest predictor of bacterial alterations, including an independent association with Lachnobacterium and Lactobacillus. This study demonstrates that the intestinal microbiome in preadolescents is associated with socioeconomic determinants, BMI and dietary intake, specifically with higher consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, tailored interventions during these crucial years have the potential to improve health disparities throughout the lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Lapidot
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, The Sackler Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (Y.L.); (W.N.)
| | - Leah Reshef
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (L.R.); (U.G.)
| | | | - Wasef Na’amnih
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, The Sackler Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (Y.L.); (W.N.)
| | - Eias Kassem
- Department of Pediatrics, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera 3810101, Israel;
| | - Asher Ornoy
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel;
- Laboratory of Teratology, Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
| | - Uri Gophna
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (L.R.); (U.G.)
| | - Khitam Muhsen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, The Sackler Faculty, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel; (Y.L.); (W.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yaskolka Meir A, Tuohy K, von Bergen M, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Heinig U, Zelicha H, Tsaban G, Rinott E, Kaplan A, Aharoni A, Zeibich L, Chang D, Dirks B, Diotallevi C, Arapitsas P, Vrhovsek U, Ceglarek U, Haange SB, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Engelmann B, Lapidot M, Colt M, Sun Q, Shai I. The Metabolomic-Gut-Clinical Axis of Mankai Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols. Nutrients 2021; 13:1866. [PMID: 34070816 PMCID: PMC8229908 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by plants to defend themselves from environmental stressors. We explored the effect of Wolffia globosa 'Mankai', a novel cultivated strain of a polyphenol-rich aquatic plant, on the metabolomic-gut clinical axis in vitro, in-vivo and in a clinical trial. METHODS We used mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics methods from three laboratories to detect Mankai phenolic metabolites and examined predicted functional pathways in a Mankai artificial-gut bioreactor. Plasma and urine polyphenols were assessed among the 294 DIRECT-PLUS 18-month trial participants, comparing the effect of a polyphenol-rich green-Mediterranean diet (+1240 mg/polyphenols/day, provided by Mankai, green tea and walnuts) to a walnuts-enriched (+440 mg/polyphenols/day) Mediterranean diet and a healthy controlled diet. RESULTS Approximately 200 different phenolic compounds were specifically detected in the Mankai plant. The Mankai-supplemented bioreactor artificial gut displayed a significantly higher relative-abundance of 16S-rRNA bacterial gene sequences encoding for enzymes involved in phenolic compound degradation. In humans, several Mankai-related plasma and urine polyphenols were differentially elevated in the green Mediterranean group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05) after six and 18 months of intervention (e.g., urine hydroxy-phenyl-acetic-acid and urolithin-A; plasma Naringenin and 2,5-diOH-benzoic-acid). Specific polyphenols, such as urolithin-A and 4-ethylphenol, were directly involved with clinical weight-related changes. CONCLUSIONS The Mankai new plant is rich in various unique potent polyphenols, potentially affecting the metabolomic-gut-clinical axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Center for Health through Microbiomes, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA;
| | - Uwe Heinig
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (U.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Hila Zelicha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Gal Tsaban
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Ehud Rinott
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Alon Kaplan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (U.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Lydia Zeibich
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (L.Z.); (D.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Debbie Chang
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (L.Z.); (D.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Blake Dirks
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (L.Z.); (D.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Camilla Diotallevi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitätsplatz 5-Piazza Università, 39100 Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Arapitsas
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; (K.T.); (C.D.); (P.A.); (U.V.)
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.v.B.); (S.-B.H.); (U.R.-K.); (B.E.)
| | - Miri Lapidot
- Research and Development Department, Hinoman Ltd., Rishon Lezion 7546302, Israel; (M.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Monica Colt
- Research and Development Department, Hinoman Ltd., Rishon Lezion 7546302, Israel; (M.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.Y.M.); (H.Z.); (G.T.); (E.R.); (A.K.)
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ottolenghi A, Bolel P, Sarkar R, Greenshpan Y, Iraqi M, Ghosh S, Bhattacharya B, Taylor ZV, Kundu K, Radinsky O, Gazit R, Stepensky D, Apte RN, Voronov E, Porgador A. Life-extended glycosylated IL-2 promotes Treg induction and suppression of autoimmunity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7676. [PMID: 33828163 PMCID: PMC8027413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-2 is the master-regulator cytokine for T cell dependent responses and is crucial for proliferation and survival of T cells. However, IL-2-based treatments remained marginal, in part due to short half-life. Thus, we aimed to extend IL-2 half-life by flanking the IL-2 core with sequences derived from the extensively glycosylated hinge region of the NCR2 receptor. We termed this modified IL-2: "S2A". Importantly, S2A blood half-life was extended 14-fold compared to the clinical grade IL-2, Proleukin. Low doses inoculation of S2A significantly enhanced induction of Tregs (CD4+ Regulatory T cells) in vivo, as compared to Proleukin, while both S2A and Proleukin induced low levels of CD8+ T cells. In a B16 metastatic melanoma model, S2A treatment was unable to reduce the metastatic capacity of B16 melanoma, while enhancing induction and recruitment of Tregs, compared to Proleukin. Conversely, in two autoimmune models, rheumatoid arthritis and DSS-induced colitis, S2A treatment significantly reduced the progression of disease compared to Proleukin. Our results suggest new avenues for generating long-acting IL-2 for long-standing treatment and a new technique for manipulating short-life proteins for clinical and research uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aner Ottolenghi
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Priyanka Bolel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Rhitajit Sarkar
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yariv Greenshpan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Muhammed Iraqi
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Susmita Ghosh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Baisali Bhattacharya
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Zoe V Taylor
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kiran Kundu
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Olga Radinsky
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Roi Gazit
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - David Stepensky
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ron N Apte
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Elena Voronov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sharaby R, Peres H. Between a woman and her fetus: Bedouin women mediators advance the health of pregnant women and babies in their society. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:190. [PMID: 33676439 PMCID: PMC7937305 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bedouin women in Israel confront a challenging circumstance between their traditional patriarchal society and transition to modernity. In terms of reproductive health, they face grave disparities as women, pregnant women and mothers. In this article we aim to understand the challenges of Bedouin women who work as mediators in the promotion of Bedouin women's perinatal health. We explore their challenges with the dual and often conflictual role as health peer-instructors-mediators in mother-and-child clinics, and also as members of a Bedouin community, embodying a status as women, mothers, and family caretakers. Drawn upon a feminist interpretative framework, the article describes their challenges in matters of perinatal health. Our research question is: how do women who traditionally suffer from blatant gender inequality utilize health-promotion work to navigate and empower themselves and other Bedouin women. METHODS Based on an interpretive feminist framework, we performed narrative analysis on eleven in-depth interviews with health mediators who worked in a project in the Negev area of Israel. The article qualitatively analyses the ways in which Bedouin women mediators narrate their challenging situations. RESULTS This article shows how difficult health mediators' task may be for women with restricted education who struggle for autonomy and better social and maternal status. Through their praxis, women mediators develop a critical perspective without risking their commitments as women who are committed to their work as well as their society, communities, and families. These health mediators navigate their ways between the demands of their employer (the Israeli national mother and child health services) and their patriarchal Bedouin society. While avoiding open conflictual confrontations with both hegemonic powers, they also develop self-confidence and a critical and active approach. CONCLUSIONS The article shows the ways by which the mediator's activity involved in perinatal health-promotion may utilize modern perinatal medical knowledge to increase women's awareness and autonomy over their pregnant bodies and their role as caregivers. We hope our results will be applicable for other women as well, especially for women who belong to other traditional and patriarchal societies.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ross M, Ofri R, Aizenberg I, Abu-Siam M, Pe'er O, Arad D, Rosov A, Gootwine E, Dvir H, Honig H, Obolensky A, Averbukh E, Banin E, Gantz L. Naturally-occurring myopia and loss of cone function in a sheep model of achromatopsia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19314. [PMID: 33168939 PMCID: PMC7653946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Achromatopsia is an inherited retinal disease characterized by loss of cone photoreceptor function. Day blind CNGA3 mutant Improved Awassi sheep provide a large animal model for achromatopsia. This study measured refractive error and axial length parameters of the eye in this model and evaluated chromatic pupillary light reflex (cPLR) testing as a potential screening test for loss of cone function. Twenty-one CNGA3 mutant, Improved Awassi, 12 control Afec-Assaf and 12 control breed-matched wild-type (WT) Awassi sheep were examined using streak retinoscopy and B-mode ocular ultrasonography. Four CNGA3 mutant and four Afec-Assaf control sheep underwent cPLR testing. Statistical tests showed that day-blind sheep are significantly more myopic than both Afec-Assaf and WT Awassi controls. Day-blind sheep had significantly longer vitreous axial length compared to WT Awassi (1.43 ± 0.13 and 1.23 ± 0.06 cm, respectively, p < 0.0002) and no response to bright red light compared to both controls. Lack of response to bright red light is consistent with cone dysfunction, demonstrating that cPLR can be used to diagnose day blindness in sheep. Day-blind sheep were found to exhibit myopia and increased vitreous chamber depth, providing a naturally occurring large animal model of myopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ross
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Ofri
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Itzhak Aizenberg
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Oren Pe'er
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dikla Arad
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Rosov
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Elisha Gootwine
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Hay Dvir
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Hen Honig
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Alexey Obolensky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Edward Averbukh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Banin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liat Gantz
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Hadassah Academic College, 37 Haneviim St., Jerusalem, 9101001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Daoud N, Jung YE, Sheikh Muhammad A, Weinstein R, Qaadny A, Ghattas F, Khatib M, Grotto I. Facilitators and barriers to smoking cessation among minority men using the behavioral-ecological model and Behavior Change Wheel: A concept mapping study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204657. [PMID: 30356254 PMCID: PMC6200188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Universal smoking cessation strategies are not always successful for minorities, among whom smoking is highly prevalent despite high intention to quit. This study identifies facilitators for smoking cessation, as perceived by minority male smokers, that can inform a culturally appropriate national plan for smoking prevention and cessation. Methods We conducted in 2013 a three-stage study among Arab minority male current and former smokers (ages 18–64) in Israel, among whom smoking is very high: first, a Concept Mapping (CM) study with 102 and 202 participants in the brainstorming, and sorting and rating phases respectively. Second, we assigned clusters identified in the CM study to contingency levels using the Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM). Third, we classified clusters into intervention functions and policies using the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW). Findings The CM study revealed 58 barriers and facilitators for smoking prevention and cessation that were sorted into 11 clusters by the participants. These clusters were analogous to four BEM level contingency of smoking (social, institutional, community and individual). We classified it into two main policy categories, based on the BCW: 1- restructuring the socio-political environment of smoking through affirmative government's policies towards Arab minority in Israel, and 2-developing a culturally appropriate plan for smoking cessation in Arab local authorities including: raising awareness about tobacco hazards; enforcing anti-smoking laws; strengthening community institutional action; providing smoking cessation services; considering raising prices for tobacco products, addressing psychological sources of smoking in Arab men. Conclusions Our study revealed barriers, facilitators and contingencies of smoking prevention and cessation with two main policy action items among the Arab minority in Israel: changing the socio-political environment of smoking, and developing a culturally appropriate smoking prevention and cessation national plan. Our study framework can inform policies and culturally appropriate interventions for smoking prevention and cessation in other minorities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihaya Daoud
- School of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Ye Eun Jung
- School of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Ruth Weinstein
- Division of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amir Qaadny
- School of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Mohammad Khatib
- Division of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itamar Grotto
- Division of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shaulov Y, Shimokawa C, Trebicz-Geffen M, Nagaraja S, Methling K, Lalk M, Weiss-Cerem L, Lamm AT, Hisaeda H, Ankri S. Escherichia coli mediated resistance of Entamoeba histolytica to oxidative stress is triggered by oxaloacetate. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007295. [PMID: 30308066 PMCID: PMC6181410 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amebiasis, a global intestinal parasitic disease, is due to Entamoeba histolytica. This parasite, which feeds on bacteria in the large intestine of its human host, can trigger a strong inflammatory response upon invasion of the colonic mucosa. Whereas information about the mechanisms which are used by the parasite to cope with oxidative and nitrosative stresses during infection is available, knowledge about the contribution of bacteria to these mechanisms is lacking. In a recent study, we demonstrated that enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O55 protects E. histolytica against oxidative stress. Resin-assisted capture (RAC) of oxidized (OX) proteins coupled to mass spectrometry (OX-RAC) was used to investigate the oxidation status of cysteine residues in proteins present in E. histolytica trophozoites incubated with live or heat-killed E. coli O55 and then exposed to H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. We found that the redox proteome of E. histolytica exposed to heat-killed E. coli O55 is enriched with proteins involved in redox homeostasis, lipid metabolism, small molecule metabolism, carbohydrate derivative metabolism, and organonitrogen compound biosynthesis. In contrast, we found that proteins associated with redox homeostasis were the only OX-proteins that were enriched in E. histolytica trophozoites which were incubated with live E. coli O55. These data indicate that E. coli has a profound impact on the redox proteome of E. histolytica. Unexpectedly, some E. coli proteins were also co-identified with E. histolytica proteins by OX-RAC. We demonstrated that one of these proteins, E. coli malate dehydrogenase (EcMDH) and its product, oxaloacetate, are key elements of E. coli-mediated resistance of E. histolytica to oxidative stress and that oxaloacetate helps the parasite survive in the large intestine. We also provide evidence that the protective effect of oxaloacetate against oxidative stress extends to Caenorhabditis elegans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Shaulov
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa Israel
| | - Chikako Shimokawa
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Meirav Trebicz-Geffen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa Israel
| | - Shruti Nagaraja
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa Israel
| | - Karen Methling
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Lalk
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lea Weiss-Cerem
- Faculty of Biology, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ayelet T. Lamm
- Faculty of Biology, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hajime Hisaeda
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Serge Ankri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa Israel
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease observed in extremely premature infants characterised by visioning-threatening retinal vessel proliferation. Propranolol, a drug used for decades in newborn infants with heart diseases, hypertension and thyrotoxicosis and licenced for infantile haemangiomas, may be effective in halting progression of ROP to severe stages, as suggested by preliminary data from small studies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS ROPROP is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, placebo-controlled double-blind, randomised controlled trial aiming to assess the safety and efficacy of orally administered propranolol to reduce the risk of threshold ROP (stage 3) in extremely preterm infants at 48 weeks postmenstrual age (primary objective) and the rate of infants requiring local interventions for severe ROP (secondary objective). Key inclusion criteria: gestational age <28 weeks, birth weight <1250 g, postmenstrual age ≥31 and <37 weeks, incipient ROP (stage 1 or 2, with or without plus disease) and written informed consent by parents or legal guardian. Key exclusion criteria: requirement for open-label propranolol treatment, major congenital malformations (including those with cerebrovascular malformations), known chromosomal anomalies, colobomas and other eye malformations, atrioventricular block grade 2 or 3 and comedication with antiarrhythmics, clonidine, insulin (pharmacodynamic interaction), phenobarbital or rifampicin (pharmacokinetic interaction). The intervention consists of oral propranolol-hydrochloride (1.6 mg/kg/day in three to four divided dosages) or placebo until discharge, for a maximum of 10 weeks. Analysis is by intention to treat. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol has received ethical and regulatory approval. Results will be published after peer review irrespective of the study outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT03083431 , EudraCT# 2017-002124-24 (EUCTR), 00013730 (DRKS); Pre-results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ömer Erdeve
- Division of Neonatology, Ankara University School of Medicine Children’s Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dirk Bassler
- Department of Neonatology, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Bar-Oz
- Department of Neonatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Laassri M, Zagorodnyaya T, Hassin-Baer S, Handsher R, Sofer D, Weil M, Karagiannis K, Simonyan V, Chumakov K, Shulman L. Evolution of echovirus 11 in a chronically infected immunodeficient patient. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006943. [PMID: 29554133 PMCID: PMC5875893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep sequencing was used to determine complete nucleotide sequences of echovirus 11 (EV11) strains isolated from a chronically infected patient with CVID as well as from cases of acute enterovirus infection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that EV11 strains that circulated in Israel in 1980-90s could be divided into four clades. EV11 strains isolated from a chronically infected individual belonged to one of the four clades and over a period of 4 years accumulated mutations at a relatively constant rate. Extrapolation of mutations accumulation curve into the past suggested that the individual was infected with circulating EV11 in the first half of 1990s. Genomic regions coding for individual viral proteins did not appear to be under strong selective pressure except for protease 3C that was remarkably conserved. This may suggest its important role in maintaining persistent infection. We describe evolution of Echovirus 11 genome in chronically infected immunodeficient patient over a period of several years and compare it with the evolution of circulating echoviruses from which it originated. Ratio of silent to missense mutations in protein coding regions suggests that chronic virus was under lower selective pressure than circulating viruses, except for a region coding for viral protease that may participate in neutralizing host cell anti-viral defense mechanisms. This suggests that adaptation to persistence in immunodeficient host may require maintaining functional viral counter-defense mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Laassri
- FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Tatiana Zagorodnyaya
- FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
| | - Sharon Hassin-Baer
- Movement Disorders Institute and Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer; and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachel Handsher
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Service Laboratories Israel Ministry of Health at Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Danit Sofer
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Service Laboratories Israel Ministry of Health at Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Merav Weil
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Service Laboratories Israel Ministry of Health at Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Konstantinos Karagiannis
- FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Vahan Simonyan
- FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Konstantin Chumakov
- FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lester Shulman
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Service Laboratories Israel Ministry of Health at Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|