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Barzalobre-Geronimo R, Contreras-Ramos A, Cervantes-Cruz AI, Cruz M, Suárez-Sánchez F, Goméz-Zamudio J, Diaz-Rosas G, Ávalos-Rodríguez A, Díaz-Flores M, Ortega-Camarillo C. Pancreatic β-Cell Apoptosis in Normoglycemic Rats is Due to Mitochondrial Translocation of p53-Induced by the Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:503-514. [PMID: 37392315 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Overstimulation of pancreatic β-cells can lead to dysfunction and death, prior to the clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The excessive consumption of carbohydrates induces metabolic alterations that can affect the functions of the β-cells and cause their death. We analyzed the role of p53 in pancreatic β cell death in carbohydrate-supplemented Sprague Dawley rats. For four months, the animals received drinking water containing either 40% sucrose or 40% fructose. The glucose tolerance test was performed at week 15. Apoptosis was assessed with the TUNEL assay (TdT-mediated dUTP-nick end-labeling). Bax, p53, and insulin were assessed by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR. Insulin, triacylglycerol, and serum glucose and fatty acids in pancreatic tissue were measured. Carbohydrate consumption promotes apoptosis and mobilization of p53 from the cytosol to rat pancreatic β-cell mitochondria before blood glucose rises. An increase in p53, miR-34a, and Bax mRNA was also detected (P < 0.001) in the sucrose group. As well as hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, visceral fat accumulation, and increased pancreatic fatty acids in the sucrose group. Carbohydrate consumption increases p53 and its mobilization into β-cell mitochondria and coincides with the increased rate of apoptosis, which occurs before serum glucose levels rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Barzalobre-Geronimo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. CDMX, México, Mexico
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México
| | - Alejandra Contreras-Ramos
- Molecular Biology Research Lab Congenital Malformations Center, Children Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG). CDMX, México, Mexico
| | - Aaron I Cervantes-Cruz
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México
| | - Fernando Suárez-Sánchez
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México
| | - Jaime Goméz-Zamudio
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México
| | - Guadalupe Diaz-Rosas
- Molecular Biology Research Lab Congenital Malformations Center, Children Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG). CDMX, México, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Ávalos-Rodríguez
- Deparment of Agricultural and Animal Prod, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana- Xoch. CDMX, México, México
| | - Margarita Díaz-Flores
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México
| | - Clara Ortega-Camarillo
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. CDMX, México, México.
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Sneed NM, Azuero A, Moss J, Goss AM, Morrison SA. Total added sugar consumption is not significantly associated with risk for prediabetes among U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2018. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286759. [PMID: 37339144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes affects 38% of U.S. adults and is primarily linked to added sugars consumed from sugar-sweetened beverages. It is unclear if total dietary intake of added sugar also increases the risk for prediabetes. This study examined if total (g/day) and percent intakes of <10%, 10-15%, or >15% added sugar increase the odds for prediabetes in U.S. adults. A cross-sectional, secondary analysis using 2013-2018 NHANES data was conducted. This study included data from U.S. adults ≥ 20 years with normoglycemia (N = 2,154) and prediabetes (N = 3,152) with 1-2 days of dietary recall information. Prediabetes was defined as a hemoglobin A1c of 5.7%-6.4% or a fasting plasma glucose of 100-125 mg/dL. Survey-weighted logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of prediabetes based on usual intakes of added sugar (total and percent intakes) using the National Cancer Institute Method. Differences in prediabetes risk and total and percent intakes of added sugar were compared by race/ethnicity. The sample's total energy intake from added sugar was 13.9%. Total (unadjusted: OR: 1.01, 95% CI: .99-1.00, p = .26; adjusted: OR: 1.00, 95% CI: .99-1.00, p = .91) and percent intakes of added sugar (unadjusted [<10%: (ref); 10-15%: OR: .93, 95% CI: .77-1.12, p = .44; >15%: OR: 1.03, 95% CI: .82-1.28, p = .82] and adjusted [<10%: (ref); 10-15%: OR: .82, 95% CI: .65-1.04, p = .09; >15%: OR: .96, 95% CI: .74-1.24, p = .73]) were not significantly associated with an increased odds of prediabetes. Prediabetes risk did not differ by race/ethnicity for total (unadjusted model [p = .65]; adjusted model [p = .51]) or percent (unadjusted model [p = .21]; adjusted model [p = .11]) added sugar intakes. In adults ≥20 years with normoglycemia and prediabetes, total added sugar consumption did not significantly increase one's risk for prediabetes and risk estimates did not differ by race/ethnicity. Experimental studies should expand upon this work to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Markie Sneed
- Office of Research and Scholarship, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Andres Azuero
- Office of Research and Scholarship, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Moss
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Amy M Goss
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Professions, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Shannon A Morrison
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
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Della Corte K, Jalo E, Kaartinen NE, Simpson L, Taylor MA, Muirhead R, Raben A, Macdonald IA, Fogelholm M, Brand-Miller J. Longitudinal Associations of Dietary Sugars and Glycaemic Index with Indices of Glucose Metabolism and Body Fatness during 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance: A PREVIEW Sub-Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2083. [PMID: 37432216 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary sugars are often linked to the development of overweight and type 2 diabetes (T2D) but inconsistencies remain. OBJECTIVE We investigated associations of added, free, and total sugars, and glycaemic index (GI) with indices of glucose metabolism (IGM) and indices of body fatness (IBF) during a 3-year weight loss maintenance intervention. DESIGN The PREVIEW (PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle Intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World) study was a randomised controlled trial designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions, after an 8-week weight-loss period, on the incidence of T2D. This secondary observational analysis included pooled data assessed at baseline (8), 26, 52, 104 and 156 weeks from 514 participants with overweight/obesity (age 25-70 year; BMI ≥ 25 kg⋅m-2) and with/without prediabetes in centres that provided data on added sugars (Sydney and Helsinki) or free sugars (Nottingham). Linear mixed models with repeated measures were applied for IBF (total body fat, BMI, waist circumference) and for IGM (fasting insulin, HbA1c, fasting glucose, C-peptide). Model A was adjusted for age and intervention centre and Model B additionally adjusted for energy, protein, fibre, and saturated fat. RESULTS Total sugars were inversely associated with fasting insulin and C-peptide in all centres, and free sugars were inversely associated with fasting glucose and HbA1c (Model B: all p < 0.05). Positive associations were observed between GI and IGM (Model B: fasting insulin, HbA1c, and C-peptide: (all p < 0.01), but not for added sugars. Added sugar was positively associated with body fat percentage and BMI, and GI was associated with waist circumference (Model B: all p < 0.01), while free sugars showed no associations (Model B: p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that added sugars and GI were independently associated with 3-y weight regain, but only GI was associated with 3-y changes in glucose metabolism in individuals at high risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Della Corte
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Elli Jalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina E Kaartinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liz Simpson
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Moira A Taylor
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Roslyn Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ian A Macdonald
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennie Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Maasen K, Eussen SJ, Dagnelie PC, Stehouwer CDA, Opperhuizen A, van Greevenbroek MM, Schalkwijk CG. Habitual intake of dietary dicarbonyls is associated with greater insulin sensitivity and lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes: The Maastricht Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023:S0002-9165(23)46840-2. [PMID: 37054886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dicarbonyls are reactive precursors of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). Dicarbonyls are formed endogenously, but also during food processing. Circulating dicarbonyls are positively associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, but consequences of dietary dicarbonyls are unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of dietary intake of dicarbonyls with insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and prevalence of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. METHODS In 6282 participants (60±9 years, 50% men, 23% type 2 diabetes (oversampled)) of the population-based cohort The Maastricht Study, we estimated habitual intake of the dicarbonyls methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG) using Food Frequency Questionnaires. Insulin sensitivity (n=2390), β-cell function (n=2336) and glucose metabolism status (n=6282) were measured by a seven-point oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity was assessed as the Matsuda index. Additionally, insulin sensitivity was measured as HOMA2-IR (n=2611). β-cell function was assessed as C-peptidogenic index, overall insulin secretion, glucose sensitivity, potentiation factor, and rate sensitivity. Cross-sectional associations of dietary dicarbonyls with these outcomes were investigated using linear or logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, cardio-metabolic risk-factors, lifestyle, and dietary factors. RESULTS Higher dietary MGO and 3-DG intakes were associated with greater insulin sensitivity after full adjustment, indicated by both a higher Matsuda index (MGO: Std. β [95% CI]=0.08 [0.04, 0.12] and 3-DG: 0.09 [0.05, 0.13]) and a lower HOMA2-IR (MGO: Std. β=-0.05 [-0.09, -0.01] and 3-DG: -0.04 [-0.08, -0.01]). Moreover, higher MGO and 3-DG intakes were associated with lower prevalence of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (OR [95%CI]=0.78 [0.65, 0.93] and 0.81 [0.66, 0.99]). There were no consistent associations of MGO, GO, and 3-DG intakes with β-cell function. CONCLUSIONS Higher habitual consumption of the dicarbonyls MGO and 3-DG was associated with better insulin sensitivity and with lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes, after excluding individuals with known diabetes. These novel observations warrant further exploration in prospective cohorts and intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Maasen
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Jpm Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute/CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen DA Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Antoon Opperhuizen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Office for Risk Assessment and Research, Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen Mj van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Ko J, Kimita W, Skudder-Hill L, Li X, Priya S, Bharmal SH, Cho J, Petrov MS. Dietary carbohydrate intake and insulin traits in individuals after acute pancreatitis: Effect modification by intra-pancreatic fat deposition. Pancreatology 2021; 21:353-362. [PMID: 33563551 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current knowledge of the link between dietary carbohydrate intake and insulin regulation in individuals after an attack of pancreatitis is limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between dietary carbohydrate intake and insulin traits in post-pancreatitis versus healthy individuals, taking into account intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD). METHODS All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (using the same protocol and 3T scanner) to quantify IPFD. Dietary carbohydrate intake was assessed using a validated 131-item food frequency questionnaire. Insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β were determined in the fasted state. Linear regression and effect modification analyses were conducted in unadjusted and adjusted models (accounting for age, sex, body mass index, daily energy intake, use of anti-diabetic medications, and recurrence of acute pancreatitis). RESULTS The study included 111 post-pancreatitis individuals (categorized into low IPFD (n = 33), moderate IPFD (n = 40), high IPFD (n = 38)) and 47 healthy controls. In the high IPFD group, starch intake was negatively associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-β in both the unadjusted (p < 0.001 both) and fully adjusted models (p < 0.001 both); and with HOMA-IR in the fully adjusted model (p < 0.001) only. Total sugar intake was positively associated with fasting insulin (p = 0.015) and HOMA-β (p = 0.007) in the fully adjusted model but not associated with HOMA-IR. None of the above associations was statistically significant in the low IPFD, moderate IPFD, and healthy controls groups. The studied associations were more pronounced in the high IPFD group but not in the moderate IPFD or low IPFD groups (when compared with the healthy controls group). CONCLUSIONS Dietary carbohydrate intake is differentially associated with insulin traits in individuals after an attack of pancreatitis and the associations are modified by IPFD. These findings will be helpful for the development of dietary guidelines specifically for individuals after an attack of pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wandia Kimita
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Xinye Li
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sunitha Priya
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sakina H Bharmal
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jaelim Cho
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Silverman-Retana O, Brinkhues S, Hulman A, Stehouwer CDA, Dukers-Muijrers NHTM, Simmons RK, Bosma H, Eussen S, Koster A, Dagnelie P, Savelberg HHCM, Schaper NC, van Dongen MCJM, Witte DR, Schram MT. Spousal concordance in pathophysiological markers and risk factors for type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of The Maastricht Study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e001879. [PMID: 33597186 PMCID: PMC7893653 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We compared the degree of spousal concordance in a set of detailed pathophysiological markers and risk factors for type 2 diabetes to understand where in the causal cascade spousal similarities are most relevant. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of couples who participated in The Maastricht Study (n=172). We used quantile regression models to assess spousal concordance in risk factors for type 2 diabetes, including four adiposity measures, two dimensions of physical activity, sedentary time and two diet indicators. We additionally assessed beta cell function and insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism status with fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c. RESULTS The strongest spousal concordance (beta estimates) was observed for the Dutch Healthy Diet Index (DHDI) in men. A one-unit increase in wives' DHDI was associated with a 0.53 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.67) unit difference in men's DHDI. In women, the strongest concordance was for the time spent in high-intensity physical activity (HPA); thus, a one-unit increase in husbands' time spent in HPA was associated with a 0.36 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.64) unit difference in women's time spent in HPA. The weakest spousal concordance was observed in beta cell function indices. CONCLUSIONS Spousal concordance was strongest in behavioral risk factors. Concordance weakened when moving downstream in the causal cascade leading to type 2 diabetes. Public health prevention strategies to mitigate diabetes risk may benefit from targeting spousal similarities in health-related behaviors and diabetes risk factors to design innovative and potentially more effective couple-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Silverman-Retana
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Brinkhues
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Knowledge and Innovation, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Adam Hulman
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers
- Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Bosma
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Eussen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Dagnelie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans H C M Savelberg
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martien C J M van Dongen
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Miranda T Schram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Associations of carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods with incidence of type 2 diabetes. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:1065-1075. [PMID: 33355062 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520005140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dietary carbohydrates have long been expected to be associated with risk of type 2 diabetes; however, the associations for many carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods remain inconclusive. This study analysed associations between intakes of six types of carbohydrates and thirteen carbohydrate-rich foods with incident type 2 diabetes in 26 622 participants (61 % women) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study in southern Sweden. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline (1991-1996) by using a modified diet history method. During mean follow-up of 18 years, 4046 cases were identified. Adjusting for potential confounders (including lifestyle, BMI and dietary factors), comparing highest v. lowest quintile of intake, monosaccharides (hazard ratio (HR) 0·88; 95 % CI 0·79, 0·98; Ptrend = 0·02) and fruits (HR 0·91; 95 % CI 0·82, 1·01; Ptrend = 0·03) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes, while disaccharides (HR 1·17; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·30; Ptrend = 0·002) and sweets (HR 1·09; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·19; Ptrend = 0·02) were positively associated. After stratification by sex, marmalade/honey/jam (HR 0·82; 95 % CI 0·72, 0·94; Ptrend < 0·001) and vegetables (HR 0·85; 95 % CI 0·73, 0·98; Ptrend = 0·06) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes in men and chocolate (HR 1·26; 95 % CI 1·09, 1·46; Ptrend < 0·001) was positively associated in women. In conclusion, we identified inverse associations for intake of monosaccharides and fruits with type 2 diabetes risk, and positive associations for disaccharides and sweets. Additional sex-specific associations were also identified. Future studies are needed to explore these associations further.
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Ramne S, Drake I, Ericson U, Nilsson J, Orho-Melander M, Engström G, Sonestedt E. Identification of Inflammatory and Disease-Associated Plasma Proteins that Associate with Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Their Role in Type 2 Diabetes Risk. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3129. [PMID: 33066363 PMCID: PMC7602152 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that high intake of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) increase the level of circulating inflammatory proteins and that chronic inflammation plays a role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. We aim to examine how added sugar and SSB intake associate with 136 measured plasma proteins and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort (n = 4382), and examine if the identified added sugar- and SSB-associated proteins associate with T2D incidence. A two-step iterative resampling approach was used to internally replicate proteins that associated with added sugar and SSB intake. Nine proteins were identified to associate with added sugar intake, of which only two associated with T2D incidence (p < 0.00045). Seven proteins were identified to associate with SSB intake, of which six associated strongly with T2D incidence (p < 6.9 × 10-8). No significant associations were observed between added sugar and SSB intake and CRP concentrations. In summary, our elucidation of the relationship between plasma proteome and added sugar and SSB intake, in relation to future T2D risk, demonstrated that SSB intake, rather than the total intake of added sugar, was related to a T2D-pathological proteomic signature. However, external replication is needed to verify the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Ramne
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden; (I.D.); (U.E.); (J.N.); (M.O.-M.); (G.E.); (E.S.)
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Sneed NM, Patrician PA, Morrison SA. Influences of added sugar consumption in adults with type 2 diabetes risk: A principle-based concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2019; 54:698-706. [PMID: 31612529 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to describe the concept added sugar in the context of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in adults. BACKGROUND Dietary added sugars are associated with a greater risk for T2D; however, it is unclear if added sugars influence T2D risk directly or if their effects are mediated by excess caloric intake and weight gain. DESIGN A principle-based concept analysis following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted to clarify the concept of added sugar. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed and Embase. Multidisciplinary, empirical evidence was appraised using four guiding principles outlined by the principle-based concept analysis method. RESULTS Thirty-five publications were included in this concept analysis. The concept, added sugar in the context of T2D risk, was found to be epistemologically immature and lacked conceptual clarity. CONCLUSIONS Added sugar is an immature concept warranting further refinement for conceptual advancement. To enhance conceptual clarity, the term "added sugar" should be used consistently in the scientific literature when discussing foods or beverages containing added sugars or caloric sweeteners. A clearer delineation of added sugar and its association with T2D risk in adults is critical to advance this concept within the scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia A Patrician
- Department of Family, Community Health, and Systems, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Shannon A Morrison
- Department of Family, Community Health, and Systems, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Efficacy of traditional Chinese medication Tangminling pill in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181729. [PMID: 30948503 PMCID: PMC6488948 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing rapidly worldwide. Tangminling pill, consisting of ten Chinese herbal medications, is usually prescribed for T2DM in mainland China. Whether treatment with Tangminling can improve clinical outcomes of T2DM patients was still debated. Four studies comparing Tangminling vs. placebo treatment in T2DM patients were included and 767 T2DM patients were enrolled in our analyses. Tangminling treatment exhibited better efficacy than placebo in reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (1.11 vs. 0.32%; pooled weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65–0.96; P<0.001), fasting plasma glucose (0.82 vs. −0.40 mM; WMD: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.56–1.64; P<0.001), 2-h postprandial glucose (2-hr PG) (2.81 vs. 1.11 mM; WMD: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.72–1.88; P<0.001), homeostatic model assessment-β level (4.28 vs. 0.41; WMD: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.27–0.61; P<0.001), waist circumference (WC) (1.04 vs. 0.36 cm; WMD: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.37–1.19; P<0.001) and body weight index (0.37 vs. 0.11 kg/m2; WMD: 0.30; 95% CI: −0.00 to 0.61; P=0.05). Tangminling pill might reduce glucose level and body weight and improve β-cell function in T2DM patients. Our study highlights the important role of Tangminling pill in the management of T2DM.
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Prevalence and determinants of high blood glucose in urban and rural Indonesian adult population. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-019-00721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Lasano NF, Hamid AH, Karim R, Dek MSP, Shukri R, Shazini Ramli N. Nutritional Composition, Anti-Diabetic Properties and Identification of Active Compounds Using UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS in Mangifera odorata L. Peel and Seed Kernel. Molecules 2019; 24:E320. [PMID: 30654598 PMCID: PMC6359265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mangifera odorata fruit, the hybrid forms between M. indica (mango) and M. foetida (bacang), has been shown to exhibit potential antioxidant activity, and the fruit waste could demonstrate functional and nutritional potential. In the present study, the nutritional composition (proximate, sugars, vitamins and minerals analyses), the anti-diabetic activities and phytochemical profile of M. odorata peel and seed kernel were investigated for the first time. The results indicated that seed kernel rich in fat, protein, carbohydrate, and ash while peel contained significantly greater amount of fiber, minerals, β-Carotene and ascorbic acid compared to seed kernel. The samples were then extracted using different solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol at 60%, v/v and pure deionized water) and their anti-diabetic activities (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assay) were determined. Seed kernel had the lowest IC50 values for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assay in 60% ethanol and 60% acetone, respectively. Due to the toxic effect and high volatility of acetone, the ethanolic extracts of samples were further analyses for their phytochemical profile using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS). The most abundant compounds identified were phenolic acid, ellagic acid, and flavonoid. These findings suggest that M. odorata fruit wastes, especially the seed kernel possesses promising ability to be used as functional ingredient in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Fatimah Lasano
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Azizah Haji Hamid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Roselina Karim
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Sabri Pak Dek
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Radhiah Shukri
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Nurul Shazini Ramli
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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