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Chen Y, Yan Y, Chen J, Zheng B, Jiang Y, Kang Z, Wu J. A Novel AHAS-Inhibiting Herbicide Candidate for Controlling Leptochloa chinensis: A Devastating Weedy Grass in Rice Fields. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16140-16151. [PMID: 39007211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Given the prevalence of the malignant weed Chinese Sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees) in rice fields, the development of novel herbicides against this weed has aroused wide interest. Here, we report a novel diphenyl ether-pyrimidine hybrid, DEP-5, serving as a systematic pre/postemergence herbicide candidate for broad-spectrum weed control in rice fields, specifically for L. chinensis. Notably, DEP-5 exhibits over 80% herbicidal activity against the resistant biotypes even at 37.5 g a.i./ha under greenhouse conditions and has complete control of L. chinensis at 150 g a.i./ha in the rice fields. We uncover that DEP-5 acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 39.4 μM. We propose that DEP-5 binds to AHAS in two hydrophobic-driven binding modes that differ from commercial AHAS inhibitors. Overall, these findings demonstrate that DEP-5 has great potential to be developed into a herbicide for L. chinensis control and inspire fresh concepts for novel AHAS-inhibiting herbicide design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yitao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Chen
- National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Preparation of Biopesticide, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ben Zheng
- Hangzhou Jingyinkang Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311110, China
| | - Youwei Jiang
- Hangzhou Jingyinkang Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311110, China
| | | | - Jun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Gam HJ, Injamum-Ul-Hoque M, Kang Y, Ahsan SM, Hasan MM, Shaffique S, Kang SM, Lee IJ. Allelopathic effect of the methanol extract of the weed species-red sorrel (Rumex acetosella L.) on the growth, phytohormone content and antioxidant activity of the cover crop - white clover (Trifolium repens L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:523. [PMID: 38853237 PMCID: PMC11163812 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Allelopathy is a biological process in which one organism releases biochemicals that affect the growth and development of other organisms. The current investigation sought to determine the allelopathic effect of Rumex acetosella on white clover (Trifolium repens) growth and development by using its shoot extract (lower IC50 value) as a foliar treatment. Here, different concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 g/L) of shoot extract from Rumex acetosella were used as treatments. With increasing concentrations of shoot extract, the plant growth parameters, chlorophyll and total protein content of Trifolium repens decreased. On the other hand, ROS, such as O2.- and H2O2, and antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT, and POD, increased with increasing shoot extract concentration. A phytohormonal study indicated that increased treatment concentrations increased ABA and SA levels while JA levels were reduced. For the identification of allelochemicals, liquid‒liquid extraction, thin-layer chromatography, and open-column chromatography were conducted using R. acetosella shoot extracts, followed by a seed bioassay on the separated layer. A lower IC50 value was obtained through GC/MS analysis. gammaSitosterol was identified as the most abundant component. The shoot extract of Rumex acetosella has strong allelochemical properties that may significantly impede the growth and development of Trifolium repens. This approach could help to understand the competitive abilities of this weed species and in further research provide an alternate weed management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jun Gam
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Md Injamum-Ul-Hoque
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Yosep Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - S M Ahsan
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Mahadi Hasan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Shifa Shaffique
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
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Takano HK, Benko ZL, Zielinski MM, Hamza A, Kalnmals CA, Roth JJ, Bravo-Altamirano K, Siddall T, Satchivi N, Church JB, Riar DS. Discovery and Mode-of-Action Characterization of a New Class of Acetolactate Synthase-Inhibiting Herbicides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18227-18238. [PMID: 37567224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are effective tools to manage weeds and enable food production and sustainable agriculture. Corteva Agriscience R&D has recently discovered new diphenyl-ether compounds displaying excellent postemergent efficacy on important weed species along with corn safety. Here, we describe the chemistry, biology, biochemistry, and computational modeling research that led to the discovery and elucidation of the primary mode of action for these compounds. The target protein was found to be acetolactate synthase (ALS), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine). While weed resistance evolution to ALS herbicides is widespread, the molecular interaction of the diphenyl-ether compounds at the active site of the ALS enzyme differs significantly from that of some commercial ALS inhibitors. The unique biochemical profile of these molecules along with their excellent herbicidal activity and corn selectivity make them a noteworthy development in the pursuit of novel, safe, and sustainable weed control solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson K Takano
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Zoltan L Benko
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Moriah M Zielinski
- Mode of Action and Resistance Management Center of Expertise, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Adel Hamza
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Christopher A Kalnmals
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Joshua J Roth
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Karla Bravo-Altamirano
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Thomas Siddall
- Discovery Chemistry, Small Molecule Discovery and Development, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Norbert Satchivi
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Church
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Dilpreet S Riar
- Herbicide Discovery Biology, Integrated Biology and Field Sciences, Crop Protection Discovery and Development, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
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4
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Roohi TF, Faizan S, Parray ZA, Baig MDAI, Mehdi S, Kinattingal N, Krishna KL. Beyond Glucose: The Dual Assault of Oxidative and ER Stress in Diabetic Disorders. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:513-531. [PMID: 38041772 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health concern, is characterized by hyperglycemia. However, recent research reveals a more intricate landscape where oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress orchestrate a dual assault, profoundly impacting diabetic disorders. This review elucidates the interplay between these two stress pathways and their collective consequences on diabetes. Oxidative stress emanates from mitochondria, where reactive oxygen species (ROS) production spirals out of control, leading to cellular damage. We explore ROS-mediated signaling pathways, which trigger β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction the quintessential features of diabetes. Simultaneously, ER stress unravels, unveiling how protein folding disturbances activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). We dissect the UPR's dual role, oscillating between cellular adaptation and apoptosis, significantly influencing pancreatic β-cells and peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues. Crucially, this review exposes the synergy between oxidative and ER stress pathways. ROS-induced UPR activation and ER stress-induced oxidative stress create a detrimental feedback loop, exacerbating diabetic complications. Moreover, we spotlight promising therapeutic strategies that target both stress pathways. Antioxidants, molecular chaperones, and novel pharmacological agents offer potential avenues for diabetes management. As the global diabetes burden escalates, comprehending the dual assault of oxidative and ER stress is paramount. This review not only unveils the intricate molecular mechanisms governing diabetic pathophysiology but also advocates a holistic therapeutic approach. By addressing both stress pathways concurrently, we may forge innovative solutions for diabetic disorders, ultimately alleviating the burden of this pervasive health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Parray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas Campus, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - M D Awaise Iqbal Baig
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Nabeel Kinattingal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - K L Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India.
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Wang Y, Liu W, Dong B, Wang D, Nian Y, Zhou H. Isolation and Identification of Herbicidal Active Compounds from Brassica oleracea L. and Exploration of the Binding Sites of Brassicanate A Sulfoxide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2576. [PMID: 37447136 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassica oleracea L. has strong allelopathic effects on weeds. However, the allelochemicals with herbicidal activity in B. oleracea L. are still unknown. In this study, we evaluated the activity of allelochemicals isolated from Brassica oleracea L. based on the germination and growth of model plant Lactuca sativa Linn., grass weed Panicum miliaceum, and broadleaf weed Chenopodium album. Additionally, we employed molecular docking to predict the binding of brassicanate A sulfoxide to herbicide targets. The results of this study showed that eight compounds with herbicidal activity were isolated from B. oleracea L., and the predicted results indicated that brassicanate A sulfoxide was stably bound to dihydroxyacid dehydratase, hydroxymethylpyruvate dioxygenase, acetolactate synthase, PYL family proteins and transport inhibitor response 1. This research provides compound sources and a theoretical foundation for the development of natural herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Wanyou Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Baozhu Dong
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Yin Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hongyou Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
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Pane C, Manganiello G, Vitti A, Celano R, Piccinelli AL, De Falco E. Phytochemical Extracts of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter from Agroecological Systems: Seed Antigerminative Properties and Effectiveness in Counteracting Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease on Baby-Leaf Spinach. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:790. [PMID: 37372075 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter subsp. viscosa (Asteraceae) is a perennial species naturally distributed in arid and marginal areas whose agroecological cultivation could be a useful innovation to produce quality biomass to extract phenolic-rich phytochemical blends. Here, biomass-yield trends were profiled at different growth stages under direct cropping, and inflorescences, leaves, and stems were submitted to water extraction and hydrodistillation. Then, four extracts were investigated for their biological activities in invitro and in planta assays. Extracts inhibited cress (Lepidium sativum)- and radish (Raphanus sativus)-seed germination and root elongation. All samples showed dose-dependent antifungal activity in the plate experiments, inhibiting up to 65% of the growth of the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata, a leaf-spot disease agent of baby spinach (Spinacea oleracea). However, only the extracts from dried green parts and fresh inflorescences at the highest concentration significantly reduced (54%) the extent of Alternaria necrosis on baby spinach. UHPLC-HRMS/MS analysis revealed that the main specialized metabolites of the extracts are caffeoyl quinic acids, methoxylated flavonoids, sesquiterpene compounds such as tomentosin, and dicarboxylic acids, which may explain the observed bioactivity. Plant extracts obtained through sustainable methodology can be effective in biological agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catello Pane
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L'analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Via Cavalleggeri 25, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Manganiello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Antonella Vitti
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rita Celano
- Department of Pharmacy, Course of Agriculture, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Piccinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Course of Agriculture, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrica De Falco
- Department of Pharmacy, Course of Agriculture, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Tyutereva EV, Dalinova AA, Demchenko KN, Dmitrieva VA, Dubovik VR, Lukinskiy YV, Mitina GV, Voitsekhovskaja OV, Berestetskiy A. Effects of Phytotoxic Nonenolides, Stagonolide A and Herbarumin I, on Physiological and Biochemical Processes in Leaves and Roots of Sensitive Plants. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040234. [PMID: 37104172 PMCID: PMC10145764 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytotoxic macrolides attract attention as prototypes of new herbicides. However, their mechanisms of action (MOA) on plants have not yet been elucidated. This study addresses the effects of two ten-membered lactones, stagonolide A (STA) and herbarumin I (HBI) produced by the fungus Stagonospora cirsii, on Cirsium arvense, Arabidopsis thaliana and Allium cepa. Bioassay of STA and HBI on punctured leaf discs of C. arvense and A. thaliana was conducted at a concentration of 2 mg/mL to evaluate phenotypic responses, the content of pigments, electrolyte leakage from leaf discs, the level of reactive oxygen species, Hill reaction rate, and the relative rise in chlorophyll a fluorescence. The toxin treatments resulted in necrotic and bleached leaf lesions in the dark and in the light, respectively. In the light, HBI treatment caused the drop of carotenoids content in leaves on both plants. The electrolyte leakage caused by HBI was light-dependent, in contrast with that caused by STA. Both compounds induced light-independent peroxide generation in leaf cells but did not affect photosynthesis 6 h after treatment. STA (10 µg/mL) caused strong disorders in root cells of A. thaliana leading to the complete dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential one hour post treatment, as well as DNA fragmentation and disappearance of acidic vesicles in the division zone after 8 h; the effects of HBI (50 µg/mL) were much milder. Furthermore, STA was found to inhibit mitosis but did not affect the cytoskeleton in cells of root tips of A. cepa and C. arvense, respectively. Finally, STA was supposed to inhibit the intracellular vesicular traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, thus interfering with mitosis. HBI is likely to have another main MOA, probably inhibiting the biosynthesis of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Tyutereva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Ecological Physiology, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Dalinova
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill N Demchenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Development, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valeriya A Dmitrieva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Ecological Physiology, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vsevolod R Dubovik
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuriy V Lukinskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular and Ecological Physiology, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina V Mitina
- Laboratory of Microbiological Plant Protection, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga V Voitsekhovskaja
- Laboratory of Molecular and Ecological Physiology, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 197022 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Berestetskiy
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Ahmed S, Chouhan R, Junaid A, Jamwal VL, Thakur J, Mir BA, Gandhi SG. Transcriptome analysis and differential expression in Arabidopsis thaliana in response to rohitukine (a chromone alkaloid) treatment. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:35. [PMID: 36629976 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-00961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Rohitukine is a chromone alkaloid and precursor of potent anticancer drugs flavopiridol, P-276-00, and 2,6-dichloro-styryl derivative (11d) (IIIM-290). The metabolite is reported to possess anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, immunomodulatory, gastroprotective, anti-implantation, antidyslipidemic, anti-arthritic, and anti-fertility properties. However, the physiological role of rohitukine in plant system is yet to be explored. Here, we studied the effect of rohitukine isolated from Dysoxylum gotadhora on Arabidopsis thaliana. The A. thaliana plants grown on a medium fortified with different rohitukine concentrations showed a significant effect on the growth and development. The root growth of A. thaliana seedlings showed considerable inhibition when grown on medium containing 1.0 mM of rohitukine. Transcriptomic analysis indicated the expression of 895 and 932 genes in control and treated samples respectively at a cut-off of FPKM ≥ 1 and P-value < 0.05. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed the upregulation of genes related to photosynthesis, membrane transport, antioxidation, xenobiotic degradation, and some transcription factors (TFs) in response to rohitukine. Conversely, rohitukine downregulated several genes including RNA helicases and those involved in nitrogen compound metabolism. The RNA-seq result was also validated by real-time qRT-PCR analysis. In light of these results, we discuss (i) likely ecological importance of rohitukine in parent plant as well as (ii) comparison between responses to rohitukine treatment in plants and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmed
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Rekha Chouhan
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Alim Junaid
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Vijay Lakshmi Jamwal
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Thakur
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Botany, University of Ladakh, Kargil Campus, Kargil, 194103, Ladakh, India.,Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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9
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Berestetskiy A. Modern Approaches for the Development of New Herbicides Based on Natural Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:234. [PMID: 36678947 PMCID: PMC9864389 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Weeds are a permanent component of anthropogenic ecosystems. They require strict control to avoid the accumulation of their long-lasting seeds in the soil. With high crop infestation, many elements of crop production technologies (fertilization, productive varieties, growth stimulators, etc.) turn out to be practically meaningless due to high yield losses. Intensive use of chemical herbicides (CHs) has led to undesirable consequences: contamination of soil and wastewater, accumulation of their residues in the crop, and the emergence of CH-resistant populations of weeds. In this regard, the development of environmentally friendly CHs with new mechanisms of action is relevant. The natural phytotoxins of plant or microbial origin may be explored directly in herbicidal formulations (biorational CHs) or indirectly as scaffolds for nature-derived CHs. This review considers (1) the main current trends in the development of CHs that may be important for the enhancement of biorational herbicides; (2) the advances in the development and practical application of natural compounds for weed control; (3) the use of phytotoxins as prototypes of synthetic herbicides. Some modern approaches, such as computational methods of virtual screening and design of herbicidal molecules, development of modern formulations, and determination of molecular targets, are stressed as crucial to make the exploration of natural compounds more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Berestetskiy
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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10
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Puvača N, Avantaggiato G, Merkuri J, Vuković G, Bursić V, Cara M. Occurrence and Determination of Alternaria Mycotoxins Alternariol, Alternariol Monomethyl Ether, and Tentoxin in Wheat Grains by QuEChERS Method. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:791. [PMID: 36422965 PMCID: PMC9695878 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Alternaria mycotoxins such as alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), and tentoxin (TEN) are mycotoxins, which can contaminate cereal-based raw materials. Today, wheat is one of the most important crops in temperate zones, and it is in increasing demand in the Western Balkans countries that are urbanizing and industrializing. This research aimed to investigate the occurrence and determine the concentration of Alternaria mycotoxins AOH, AME, and TEN in wheat samples from the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Albania, harvested in the year 2020 in the period between 15 June and 15 July. A total of 80 wheat grain samples, 40 from each country, were analyzed by an QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method. From the obtained results, it can be seen that the mean concentration of AOH was 3.3 µg/kg and AME was 2.2 µg/kg in wheat samples from Serbia, while TEN from both Serbia and Albania was under the limit of quantification (
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Puvača
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cvećarska 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Giuseppina Avantaggiato
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Jordan Merkuri
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Koder Kamez, 1029 Tirana, Albania
| | - Gorica Vuković
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia
| | - Vojislava Bursić
- Department for Phytomedicine and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Magdalena Cara
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Koder Kamez, 1029 Tirana, Albania
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The Phytotoxin Myrigalone A Triggers a Phased Detoxification Programme and Inhibits Lepidium sativum Seed Germination via Multiple Mechanisms including Interference with Auxin Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094618. [PMID: 35563008 PMCID: PMC9104956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular responses of plants to natural phytotoxins comprise more general and compound-specific mechanisms. How phytotoxic chalcones and other flavonoids inhibit seedling growth was widely studied, but how they interfere with seed germination is largely unknown. The dihydrochalcone and putative allelochemical myrigalone A (MyA) inhibits seed germination and seedling growth. Transcriptome (RNAseq) and hormone analyses of Lepidium sativum seed responses to MyA were compared to other bioactive and inactive compounds. MyA treatment of imbibed seeds triggered the phased induction of a detoxification programme, altered gibberellin, cis-(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid and jasmonate metabolism, and affected the expression of hormone transporter genes. The MyA-mediated inhibition involved interference with the antioxidant system, oxidative signalling, aquaporins and water uptake, but not uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation or p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase expression/activity. MyA specifically affected the expression of auxin-related signalling genes, and various transporter genes, including for auxin transport (PIN7, ABCG37, ABCG4, WAT1). Responses to auxin-specific inhibitors further supported the conclusion that MyA interferes with auxin homeostasis during seed germination. Comparative analysis of MyA and other phytotoxins revealed differences in the specific regulatory mechanisms and auxin transporter genes targeted to interfere with auxin homestasis. We conclude that MyA exerts its phytotoxic activity by multiple auxin-dependent and independent molecular mechanisms.
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Araniti F, Prinsi B, Espen L. The Delay of Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus (L.) Domin Seed Germination Induced by Coumarin Is Mediated by a Lower Ability to Sustain the Energetic Metabolism. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070843. [PMID: 35406823 PMCID: PMC9002777 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the mode of action of coumarin using the germination process as a target was investigated. A dose–response curve, built using a range of concentrations from 0 to 800 µM, allowed us to identify a key concentration (400 µM) inhibiting the germination process, reducing its speed without compromising seed development. Successively, short time-course (0–48 h) experiments were carried out to evaluate the biochemical and metabolic processes involved in coumarin-induced germination delay. The results pointed out that coumarin delayed K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ reabsorption, suggesting a late membrane reorganisation. Similarly, seed respiration was inhibited during the first 24 h but recovered after 48 h. Those results agreed with ATP levels, which followed the same trend. In addition, the untargeted metabolomic analysis allowed to identify, among the pathways significantly impacted by the treatment, amino acids metabolism, the TCA cycle, and the glyoxylate pathway. The results highlighted that coumarin was able to interact with membranes reorganisation, delaying them and reducing the production of ATP, as also supported by pathway analysis and cell respiration. The in vivo 31P-NMR analysis supported the hypothesis that the concentration chosen was able to affect plant metabolism, maintaining, on the other hand, its viability, which is extremely important for studying natural compounds’ mode of action.
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Bruno L, Talarico E, Cabeiras-Freijanes L, Madeo ML, Muto A, Minervino M, Lucini L, Miras-Moreno B, Sofo A, Araniti F. Coumarin Interferes with Polar Auxin Transport Altering Microtubule Cortical Array Organization in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Root Apical Meristem. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147305. [PMID: 34298924 PMCID: PMC8306912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarin is a phytotoxic natural compound able to affect plant growth and development. Previous studies have demonstrated that this molecule at low concentrations (100 µM) can reduce primary root growth and stimulate lateral root formation, suggesting an auxin-like activity. In the present study, we evaluated coumarin’s effects (used at lateral root-stimulating concentrations) on the root apical meristem and polar auxin transport to identify its potential mode of action through a confocal microscopy approach. To achieve this goal, we used several Arabidopsis thaliana GFP transgenic lines (for polar auxin transport evaluation), immunolabeling techniques (for imaging cortical microtubules), and GC-MS analysis (for auxin quantification). The results highlighted that coumarin induced cyclin B accumulation, which altered the microtubule cortical array organization and, consequently, the root apical meristem architecture. Such alterations reduced the basipetal transport of auxin to the apical root apical meristem, inducing its accumulation in the maturation zone and stimulating lateral root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Bruno
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Emanuela Talarico
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Luz Cabeiras-Freijanes
- Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- CITACA, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus da Auga, University of Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Maria Letizia Madeo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonella Muto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Minervino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienza della Terra, Università della Calabria (DiBEST-UNICAL), 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (E.T.); (M.L.M.); (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.L.); (B.M.-M.)
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (L.L.); (B.M.-M.)
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, and Cultural Heritage (DICEM), University of Basilicata, 75100 Matera, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università Statale di Milano, Via Celoria n°2, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (F.A.)
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