1
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Khanjar S, Barui S, Kate K, Ajjarapu KPK. An Investigation into Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Thermoplastic-Thermoset Mixed-Matrix Composites: Synergistic Effects of Thermoplastic Skeletal Lattice Geometries and Thermoset Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:4426. [PMID: 39274814 DOI: 10.3390/ma17174426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to develop thermoplastic (TP) and thermoset (TS) based mixed matrix composite using design dependent physical compatibility. Using thermoplastic-based (PLA) skeletal lattices with diverse patterns (gyroid and grid) and different infill densities (10% and 20%) followed by infiltration of two different thermoset resin systems (epoxy and polyurethane-based) using a customized FDM 3D printer equipped with a resin dispensing unit, the optimised design and TP-TS material combination was established for best mechanical performance. Under uniaxial tensile stress, the failure modes of TP gyroid structures with polyurethane-based composites included 'fiber pull-out', interfacial debonding and fiber breakage, while epoxy based mixed matrix composites with all design variants demonstrated brittle failure. Higher elongation (higher area under curve) was observed in 20% infilled gyroid patterned composite with polyurethane matrix indicating the capability of operation in mechanical shock absorption application. Electron microscopy-based fractography analysis revealed that thermoset matrix properties governed the fracture modes for the thermoplastic phase. This work focused on the strategic optimisation of both toughness and stiffness of mixed matrix composite components for rapid fabrication of construction materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Khanjar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shumaker Research Building, University of Louisville, Kentucky, KY 40208, USA
| | - Srimanta Barui
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shumaker Research Building, University of Louisville, Kentucky, KY 40208, USA
| | - Kunal Kate
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Shumaker Research Building, University of Louisville, Kentucky, KY 40208, USA
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2
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Giner-Grau S, Lazaro-Hdez C, Pascual J, Fenollar O, Boronat T. Enhancing Polylactic Acid Properties with Graphene Nanoplatelets and Carbon Black Nanoparticles: A Study of the Electrical and Mechanical Characterization of 3D-Printed and Injection-Molded Samples. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2449. [PMID: 39274081 DOI: 10.3390/polym16172449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the enhancement of polylactic acid (PLA) properties through the incorporation of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and carbon black (CB) for applications in 3D printing and injection molding. The research reveals that GNPs and CB improve the electrical conductivity of PLA, although conductivity remains within the insulating range, even with up to 10% wt of nanoadditives. Mechanical characterization shows that nanoparticle addition decreases tensile strength due to stress concentration effects, while dispersants like polyethylene glycol enhance ductility and flexibility. This study compares the properties of materials processed by injection molding and 3D printing, noting that injection molding yields isotropic properties, resulting in better mechanical properties. Thermal analysis indicates that GNPs and CB influence the crystallization behavior of PLA with small changes in the melting behavior. Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) results show how the glass transition temperature and crystallization behavior fluctuate. Overall, the incorporation of nanoadditives into PLA holds potential for enhanced performance in specific applications, though achieving optimal conductivity, mechanical strength, and thermal properties requires careful optimization of nanoparticle type, concentration, and dispersion methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Giner-Grau
- Textile Industry Research Association (AITEX), Plaza Emilio Sala, 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Carlos Lazaro-Hdez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Tecnología de Materiales (IUITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Javier Pascual
- Textile Industry Research Association (AITEX), Plaza Emilio Sala, 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Octavio Fenollar
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Tecnología de Materiales (IUITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Teodomiro Boronat
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Tecnología de Materiales (IUITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
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3
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Dawoud M, Taha I. Effects of Contamination with Selected Polymers on the Mechanical Properties of Post-Industrial Recycled Polypropylene. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2301. [PMID: 39204521 PMCID: PMC11360251 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of contamination of polypropylene (PP) with selected polymers is studied to simulate the effect of mis-sorting in recycling streams. Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polylactic acid (PLA) were compounded with PP at different concentrations varying between 3 and 10%. Infrared spectroscopy proved the absence of chemical bonds between the constituents. Generally, melt flowability, except for the PP/PLA blend, and crystallinity were only slightly affected by the incorporation of the contaminating polymers. Samples of the polymer blends were injection moulded and further tested for their tensile and impact properties. Critical behaviour was induced by the introduction of a weld line as a result of the application of multiple gating points during injection moulding. Results generally show the applicability of PP mixtures within the investigated range of contamination, without much sacrifice in mechanical performance. However, in the case of ABS and PLA, more care should be taken when designing complex parts with weld lines, due to reduced toughness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman Taha
- Sustainable Materials in Polymer Engineering, Aalen University, Beethovenstraße 1, 73430 Aalen, Germany;
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4
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Beevi Sharafudheen S, Vijayakumar C, Anjana PM, Bindhu MR, Alharbi NS, Khaled JM, Kadaikunnan S, Kakarla RR, Aminabhavi TM. Biogenically synthesized porous TiO 2 nanostructures for advanced anti-bacterial, electrochemical, and photocatalytic applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121728. [PMID: 38991334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
This study develops environmentally benign capping technique to synthesize nanoparticles of Curcuma longa-coated titanium dioxide (CR-TiO2) from titanium isopropoxide by utilizing the extract of Rosa rubiginosa flowers as reducing and chelating agent. The biogenically synthesized nanoparticles revealed excellent anti-bacterial, electrochemical, and photocatalytic properties due to the presence of porous TiO2 nanostructures. The sharp peaks by XRD pattern showed the crystallinity and phase purity of TiO2 nanoparticles. BET analysis proved mesoporous nature of the materials with specific surface area of 134 m2 g -1. The vibrational spectra suggest hydroxyl groups from flavonoids of Curcuma longa acting as functionalizing agent for TiO2 nanoporous structures with visible luminescence, which is proven in fluorescence spectra and is applicable for photocatalytic studies. The anti-bacterial studies showed good inference on TiO2 nanoparticles against Pseudomonas auruginosa and proved it to be an excellent antipseudomonal agent with the oxidative potential. The maximum degradation of phenol red dye in the presence of TiO2 under visible light conditions was observed. The supercapacitor fabricated using the biogenic TiO2 three-electrode system exhibited a specific capacitance of 128 Fg-1 (10 mV s-1), suggesting it as an excellent electrode material. The LSV curve at 50 mV s-1 scan rate showed that oxygen reduction potential (ORR) of CR-TiO2 electrodes was 121 mV. The present study is a new application of nanoparticles in sustainability consideration of the environment as well as a solution to the power crisis with fewer limitations. The well-distinguished antidiabetic and BSA denaturation potential suggests that these porous TiO2 nanostructures can be useful for drug delivery as glucose inhibitors and oral anti-inflammatory drugs with the restriction of adverse side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajeena Beevi Sharafudheen
- Department of Physics and Research Centre, St. Jude's College, Thoothoor, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, 627012, India
| | - C Vijayakumar
- Department of Physics and Research Centre, St. Jude's College, Thoothoor, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, 627012, India.
| | - P M Anjana
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580 031, India.
| | - M R Bindhu
- Department of Physics, Sree Devi Kumari Women's College, Kuzhithurai, 629163, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal M Khaled
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shine Kadaikunnan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghava Reddy Kakarla
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580 031, India; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Staplevan MJ, Ansari AJ, Ahmed A, Hai FI. Impact of bioplastic contamination on the mechanical recycling of conventional plastics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 185:1-9. [PMID: 38815529 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Quality assurance of a recycled product is currently one of the biggest issues that the plastic recycling industry faces. The purity of the input plastic waste stream has significant influence over the quality of the recycled product. This research evaluated the impact of polylactic acid (PLA) contamination within the input waste stream of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) recycling. The ultimate tensile strength was noted to reduce by 50% when PLA contamination was at 10%. An investigation into the effect that UVA radiation (simulating solar radiation) has on HDPE contaminated with PLA was also performed to determine the long-term effect of the bioplastic contamination. After UVA treatment, the ultimate tensile strength was reported to reduce by 51% when PLA contamination was only at 2.5%. A water contact angle analysis indicated the PLA contamination increased the hydrophilic nature of the HDPE sheets, potentially creating issues if the intended use of the recycled product was to store liquids. Microscopic analysis of the HDPE sheets contaminated with PLA showed deformations, ridges, cracks, and holes appear on the surface due to the immiscibility of the two polymers that was confirmed by FTIR analysis. Colour changes were visibly noted, with UVA exposure increasing the rate of colour change. Based on the findings in this study, PLA contamination of even 1% in a HDPE waste stream would significantly reduce the quality of the recycled product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Staplevan
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Ashley J Ansari
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Aziz Ahmed
- School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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6
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Zewail TMM, Saad MA, AbdelRazik SM, Eldakiky BM, Sadik ER. Synthesis of sodium alginate / polyvinyl alcohol / polyethylene glycol semi-interpenetrating hydrogel as a draw agent for forward osmosis desalination. BMC Chem 2024; 18:134. [PMID: 39049105 PMCID: PMC11271198 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Typically, hydrogels are described as three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers that are able to capture a certain mass of water within their structure. Recently, hydrogels have been widely used as drawing agents in forward osmosis (FO) desalination processes. The major aim of this study is to prepare a novel semi-interpenetrating hydrogel by crosslinking sodium alginate (SA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) by using the epichlorohydrin (ECH) crosslinker and polyethylene glycol (PEG) interpenetrated within the hydrogel's network as a linear polymer. Based on the optimum composition of SA/PVA composite hydrogel obtained from our earlier research, the effect of various percentages of PEG on the response of the hydrogel was investigated. The optimal composition of SA/PVA/PEG hydrogel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), compression strength testing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphological and mechanical properties of the SA/PVA/PEG semi-interpenetrating hydrogel were also compared to those of the SA/PVA composite hydrogel. Moreover, the performance of the optimal SA/PVA/PEG hydrogel in a FO batch unit as a drawing agent was investigated based on the optimal operation conditions from our previous experiments. The results showed that the optimal PEG/polymer blend mass ratio was 0.25, which increased the swelling ratio (SR) (%) of the hydrogel from 645.42 (of the neat SA/PVA hydrogel) to 2683. The SA/PVA/PEG semi-interpenetrating hydrogel was superior to the SA/PVA copolymer hydrogel in pore structure and mechanical properties. Additionally, in terms of FO desalination, the achieved water flux by SA/PVA/PEG hydrogel is higher than that accomplished by SA/PVA hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Menatalla Ashraf Saad
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21544, Egypt.
| | - Shrouk Medhat AbdelRazik
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21544, Egypt
| | - Basma Mohamed Eldakiky
- Chemical Engineering Department, Borg Al Arab Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Alexandria, 21933, Egypt
| | - Eman Radi Sadik
- Chemical Engineering Department, Borg Al Arab Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Alexandria, 21933, Egypt
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7
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Blau R, Russman SM, Qie Y, Shipley W, Lim A, Chen AX, Nyayachavadi A, Ah L, Abdal A, Esparza GL, Edmunds SJ, Vatsyayan R, Dunfield SP, Halder M, Jokerst JV, Fenning DP, Tao AR, Dayeh SA, Lipomi DJ. Surface-Grafted Biocompatible Polymer Conductors for Stable and Compliant Electrodes for Brain Interfaces. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2402215. [PMID: 39011811 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202402215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Durable and conductive interfaces that enable chronic and high-resolution recording of neural activity are essential for understanding and treating neurodegenerative disorders. These chronic implants require long-term stability and small contact areas. Consequently, they are often coated with a blend of conductive polymers and are crosslinked to enhance durability despite the potentially deleterious effect of crosslinking on the mechanical and electrical properties. Here the grafting of the poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) scaffold, poly(styrenesulfonate)-b-poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate block copolymer brush to gold, in a controlled and tunable manner, by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) is described. This "block-brush" provides high volumetric capacitance (120 F cm─3), strong adhesion to the metal (4 h ultrasonication), improved surface hydrophilicity, and stability against 10 000 charge-discharge voltage sweeps on a multiarray neural electrode. In addition, the block-brush film showed 33% improved stability against current pulsing. This approach can open numerous avenues for exploring specialized polymer brushes for bioelectronics research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Blau
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Samantha M Russman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Yi Qie
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Wade Shipley
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0418, USA
| | - Allison Lim
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Alexander X Chen
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Audithya Nyayachavadi
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Louis Ah
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Abdulhameed Abdal
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Guillermo L Esparza
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Samuel J Edmunds
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Ritwik Vatsyayan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Sean P Dunfield
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Moumita Halder
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Jesse V Jokerst
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - David P Fenning
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Andrea R Tao
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0418, USA
| | - Shadi A Dayeh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
| | - Darren J Lipomi
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0448, USA
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8
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Hernández-Rodríguez JF, Trachioti MG, Hrbac J, Rojas D, Escarpa A, Prodromidis MI. Spark-Discharge-Activated 3D-Printed Electrochemical Sensors. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10127-10133. [PMID: 38867513 PMCID: PMC11209655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
3D printing technology is a tremendously powerful technology to fabricate electrochemical sensing devices. However, current conductive filaments are not aimed at electrochemical applications and therefore require intense activation protocols to unleash a suitable electrochemical performance. Current activation methods based on (electro)chemical activation (using strong alkaline solutions and organic solvents and/or electrochemical treatments) or combined approaches are time-consuming and require hazardous chemicals and dedicated operator intervention. Here, pioneering spark-discharge-activated 3D-printed electrodes were developed and characterized, and it was demonstrated that their electrochemical performance was greatly improved by the effective removal of the thermoplastic support polylactic acid (PLA) as well as the formation of sponge-like and low-dimensional carbon nanostructures. This reagent-free approach consists of a direct, fast, and automatized spark discharge between the 3D-electrode and the respective graphite pencil electrode tip using a high-voltage power supply. Activated electrodes were challenged toward the simultaneous voltammetric determination of dopamine (DP) and serotonin (5-HT) in cell culture media. Spark discharge has been demonstrated as a promising approach for conductive filament activation as it is a fast, green (0.94 GREEnness Metric Approach), and automatized procedure that can be integrated into the 3D printing pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Hernández-Rodríguez
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28802, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria G. Trachioti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jan Hrbac
- Department
of Chemistry, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rojas
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28802, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28802, Madrid, Spain
- Chemical
Research Institute “Andres M. Del Rio”, University of Alcalá, Alcalá
de Henares 28802, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Mahović Poljaček S, Priselac D, Tomašegović T, Leskovac M, Šoster A, Stanković Elesini U. Quantitative Analysis of Morphology and Surface Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Hydrophilic Nano-Silica Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1739. [PMID: 38932088 PMCID: PMC11207708 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A quantitative analysis of the morphology, as well as an analysis of the distribution of components and surface/interfacial properties in poly(lactic acid)(PLA) InegoTM 3251D, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) Capa 6800 and nano-silica (SiO2) Aerosil®200 blends, was conducted in this research. The study aimed to improve the understanding of how PLA, PCL, and nano-SiO2 interact, resulting in the specific morphology and surface properties of the blends. Samples were produced by varying the concentration of all three components. They were analyzed using SEM, EDS mapping, water contact angle measurements, surface free energy calculation, adhesion parameter measurements, and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The results showed that the addition of SiO2 nanoparticles led to an increase in the contact angle of water, making the surface more hydrophobic. SEM images of the blends showed that increasing the PCL content reduced the size of spherical PCL elements in the blends. FTIR-ATR analysis showed that SiO2 nanoparticles influenced the structure ordering of PLA in the blend with equal portions of PLA and PCL. In the samples with a higher PCL content, the spherical elements present in the samples with a higher PLA/PCL ratio have been reduced, indicating better interactions at the interface between PLA, PCL, and SiO2. SEM-EDS mapping of the PLA/PCL 100/0 blend surfaces revealed the presence of SiO2 clusters and the silicon (Si) concentration reaching up to ten times higher than the nominal concentration of SiO2. However, with the addition of 3% SiO2 to the blend containing PCL, the structure became more granular. Specifically, Si protrusions in the sample PLA/PCL 90/10 with 3% SiO2 displayed 29.25% of Si, and the sample PLA/PCL 70/30 with 3% SiO2 displayed an average of 10.61% of Si at the protrusion locations. The results confirmed the affinity of SiO2 to be encapsulated by PCL. A better understanding of the interactions between the materials in the presented blends and the quantitative analysis of their morphology could improve the understanding of their properties and allow the optimization of their application for different purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dino Priselac
- Faculty of Graphic Arts, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | | | - Mirela Leskovac
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Aleš Šoster
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Š.); (U.S.E.)
| | - Urška Stanković Elesini
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Š.); (U.S.E.)
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10
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Blau R, Abdal A, Root N, Chen AX, Rafeedi T, Ramji R, Qie Y, Kim T, Navarro A, Chin J, Becerra LL, Edmunds SJ, Russman SM, Dayeh SA, Fenning DP, Rouw R, Lipomi DJ. Conductive block copolymer elastomers and psychophysical thresholding for accurate haptic effects. Sci Robot 2024; 9:eadk3925. [PMID: 38865475 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk3925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Electrotactile stimulus is a form of sensory substitution in which an electrical signal is perceived as a mechanical sensation. The electrotactile effect could, in principle, recapitulate a range of tactile experience by selective activation of nerve endings. However, the method has been plagued by inconsistency, galvanic reactions, pain and desensitization, and unwanted stimulation of nontactile nerves. Here, we describe how a soft conductive block copolymer, a stretchable layout, and concentric electrodes, along with psychophysical thresholding, can circumvent these shortcomings. These purpose-designed materials, device layouts, and calibration techniques make it possible to generate accurate and reproducible sensations across a cohort of 10 human participants and to do so at ultralow currents (≥6 microamperes) without pain or desensitization. This material, form factor, and psychophysical approach could be useful for haptic devices and as a tool for activation of the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Blau
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abdulhameed Abdal
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Root
- Brain and Cognition, Psychology Department, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander X Chen
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tarek Rafeedi
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Ramji
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yi Qie
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Navarro
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason Chin
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura L Becerra
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samuel J Edmunds
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samantha M Russman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shadi A Dayeh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David P Fenning
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Romke Rouw
- Brain and Cognition, Psychology Department, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Darren J Lipomi
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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11
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Eldokmak MM, Essawy MM, Abdelkader S, Abolgheit S. Bioinspired poly-dopamine/nano-hydroxyapatite: an upgrading biocompatible coat for 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffold for bone regeneration. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00945-x. [PMID: 38771492 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Poly-lactic acid (PLA) has been proposed in dentistry for several regenerative procedures owing to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the presence of methyl groups renders PLA hydrophobic, making the surface less ideal for cell attachment, and it does not promote tissue regeneration. Upgrading PLA with inductive biomaterial is a crucial step to increase the bioactivity of the PLA and allow cellular adhesion. Our purpose is to evaluate biocompatibility, bioactivity, cellular adhesion, and mechanical properties of 3D-printed PLA scaffold coated with poly-dopamine (PDA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) versus PLA and PLA/n-HA scaffolds. The fused deposition modelling technique was used to print PLA, PLA with embedded n-HA particles, and PLA scaffold coated with PDA/n-HA by immersion. After matrices characterization for their chemical composition and surface properties, testing the compressive strength was pursued using a universal testing machine. The bioactivity of scaffolds was evaluated by monitoring the formation of calcium phosphate compounds after simulated body fluid immersion. The PLA/PDA/n-HA scaffold showed the highest compressive strength which was 29.11 ± 7.58 MPa with enhancing calcium phosphate crystals deposition with a specific calcium polyphosphate phase formed exclusively on PLA/PDA/n-HA. With cell viability assay, the PDA/n-HA-coated matrix was biocompatible with increase in the IC50, reaching ⁓ 176.8 at 72 without cytotoxic effect on the mesenchymal stem cells, promoting their adhesion and proliferation evaluated by confocal microscopy. The study explored the biocompatibility, bioactivity, and the cell adhesion ability of PDA/n-HA coat on a 3D-printed PLA scaffold that qualifies its use as a promising regenerative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Eldokmak
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street-Azarita, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt.
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt.
| | - Sally Abdelkader
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street-Azarita, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt
| | - Salma Abolgheit
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street-Azarita, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt
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12
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Guessasma S, Stephant N, Durand S, Belhabib S. Digital Light Processing Route for 3D Printing of Acrylate-Modified PLA/Lignin Blends: Microstructure and Mechanical Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1342. [PMID: 38794534 PMCID: PMC11124854 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, digital light processing (DLP) was utilized to generate 3D-printed blends composed of photosensitive acrylate-modified polylactic acid (PLA) resin mixed with varying weight ratios of lignin extracted from softwood, typically ranging from 5 wt% to 30 wt%. The microstructure of these 3D-printed blends was examined through X-ray microtomography. Additionally, the tensile mechanical properties of all blends were assessed in relation to the weight ratio and post-curing treatment. The results suggest that post-curing significantly influences the tensile properties of the 3D-printed composites, especially in modulating the brittleness of the prints. Furthermore, an optimal weight ratio was identified to be around 5 wt%, beyond which UV light photopolymerization experiences compromises. These findings regarding acrylate-modified PLA/lignin blends offer a cost-effective alternative for producing 3D-printed bio-sourced components, maintaining technical performance in reasonable-cost, low-temperature 3D printing, and with a low environmental footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Guessasma
- INRAE, Research Unit BIA UR1268, Rue Geraudiere, F-44316 Nantes, France;
| | - Nicolas Stephant
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44300 Nantes, France;
| | - Sylvie Durand
- INRAE, Research Unit BIA UR1268, Rue Geraudiere, F-44316 Nantes, France;
| | - Sofiane Belhabib
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nantes Université, IUT, 2 Av. du Professeur Jean Rouxel, F-44470 Carquefou, France;
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13
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Zhang M, Feng T, Che X, Wang Y, Wang P, Chai M, Yuan M. Advances in Catalysts for Urea Electrosynthesis Utilizing CO 2 and Nitrogenous Materials: A Mechanistic Perspective. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2142. [PMID: 38730948 PMCID: PMC11084697 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic urea synthesis from CO2 and nitrogenous substances represents an essential advance for the chemical industry, enabling the efficient utilization of resources and promoting sustainable development. However, the development of electrocatalytic urea synthesis has been severely limited by weak chemisorption, poor activation and difficulties in C-N coupling reactions. In this review, catalysts and corresponding reaction mechanisms in the emerging fields of bimetallic catalysts, MXenes, frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs and heterostructures are summarized in terms of the two central mechanisms of molecule-catalyst interactions as well as chemical bond cleavage and directional coupling, which provide new perspectives for improving the efficiency of electrocatalytic synthesis of urea. This review provides valuable insights to elucidate potential electrocatalytic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Zhang
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Tianjian Feng
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Xuanming Che
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Pengxian Wang
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Mao Chai
- Guoneng Shanxi Hequ Power Generation Co., Ltd., Xinzhou 036500, China
| | - Menglei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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14
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Massijaya SY, Lubis MAR, Nissa RC, Nurhamiyah Y, Kusumaningrum WB, Marlina R, Ningrum RS, Sutiawan J, Hidayat I, Kusumah SS, Karlinasari L, Hartono R. Thermal Properties' Enhancement of PLA-Starch-Based Polymer Composite Using Sucrose. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1028. [PMID: 38674948 PMCID: PMC11053613 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polylactic-acid-starch-based polymer composite (PLA/TPS) has good thermal stability for biocomposites. However, the physical and mechanical properties of PLA/TPS do not meet the standards. It needed additives to enhance its physical and mechanical properties. The aim was to improve the physical and mechanical properties of PLA/thermoplastic starch using sucrose. In addition, this study evaluated the enhancement of thermal properties of PLA/thermoplastic starch using sucrose. This study used sucrose as an additive to enhance the PLA/TPS composite. The addition of sucrose inhibits the degradation of biocomposites. This means that thermal stability increases. The thermal stability increased because the degree of crystallinity increased with the addition of sucrose, which was also proven in the XRD result. The addition of sucrose caused the morphology of the biocomposite to have pores. The FESEM results showed that biocomposites with the addition of sucrose had pores and gaps. These gaps result from low adhesion between polymers, causing a decrease in the mechanical and physical properties of the sample. Based on the FTIR spectra, biocomposite PLA/TPS blends with the addition of sucrose still have many hydroxyl groups that will lead to attracting other molecules or ions, such as oxygen or water. This phenomenon affects the physical and mechanical properties of materials. The physical and mechanical properties increased with sucrose addition. The best composite was prepared using 3% sucrose. This is because sucrose has a crystalline structure that affects the properties of biocomposites. However, the addition of 3% sucrose was not as effective as that of neat PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Yustikasari Massijaya
- Forest Products Department, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (S.Y.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Rossy Choerun Nissa
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Yeyen Nurhamiyah
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Wida Banar Kusumaningrum
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Resti Marlina
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Riska Surya Ningrum
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Jajang Sutiawan
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Iman Hidayat
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Sukma Surya Kusumah
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; (M.A.R.L.); (R.C.N.); (Y.N.); (W.B.K.); (R.M.); (R.S.N.); (J.S.); (I.H.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Lina Karlinasari
- Forest Products Department, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (S.Y.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Rudi Hartono
- Forest Products Department, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20353, Indonesia
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15
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Godoy Zúniga MM, Ding R, Oh E, Nguyen TB, Tran TT, Nam JD, Suhr J. Avocado seed starch utilized in eco-friendly, UV-blocking, and high-barrier polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites for active food packaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130837. [PMID: 38503372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Efficient and effective use of biopolymers, such as starch, has increasingly prompted interest due to the current environmental challenges. However, starch-based composites still show poor ductility along with water and oxygen permeability, which may not meet the requirements for food packaging standards. In this study, modified starch (m-St), isolated from the avocado seed and synthesized with tert-butyl acetoacetate (t-BAA), was embedded into polylactic acid (PLA) to design new eco-friendly composites. The developed biocomposites were found to exhibit high performance with outstanding mechanical properties in conjunction with remarkable light, water vapor, and oxygen blocking features for food packaging applications. PLA/m-St(1:6) 20 wt% composites showed a dramatic increase in elongation at break (EB%) from 3.35 to 27.80 % (about 730 % enhancement) and exhibited remarkable UV-blocking performance from 16.21 to 83.86 % for UVB, relative to pure PLA. Equally importantly, these biocomposites revealed significant improvement in oxygen and water vapor barrier performance by reducing their values from 1331 to 32.9 cc m-2 day-1 (indicating a remarkable reduction of 97.53 %) and 61.9 to 28 g m-2 day-1, respectively. This study can show the great potential of extracting starch from biowaste resources and transforming it into sustainable bio-based composites as a promising solution for food packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela María Godoy Zúniga
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruonan Ding
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong, China, 266104
| | - Eunyoung Oh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Binh Nguyen
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Trung Tien Tran
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Do Nam
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwan Suhr
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Abrishami A, Bahrami AR, Nekooei S, Sh Saljooghi A, Matin MM. Hybridized quantum dot, silica, and gold nanoparticles for targeted chemo-radiotherapy in colorectal cancer theranostics. Commun Biol 2024; 7:393. [PMID: 38561432 PMCID: PMC10984983 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Multimodal nanoparticles, utilizing quantum dots (QDs), mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), offer substantial potential as a smart and targeted drug delivery system for simultaneous cancer therapy and imaging. This method entails coating magnetic GZCIS/ZnS QDs with mesoporous silica, loading epirubicin into the pores, capping with Au NPs, PEGylation, and conjugating with epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) aptamers to actively target colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. This study showcases the hybrid QD@MSN-EPI-Au-PEG-Apt nanocarriers (size ~65 nm) with comprehensive characterizations post-synthesis. In vitro studies demonstrate the selective cytotoxicity of these targeted nanocarriers towards HT-29 cells compared to CHO cells, leading to a significant reduction in HT-29 cell survival when combined with irradiation. Targeted delivery of nanocarriers in vivo is validated by enhanced anti-tumor effects with reduced side effects following chemo-radiotherapy, along with imaging in a CRC mouse model. This approach holds promise for improved CRC theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abrishami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sirous Nekooei
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sh Saljooghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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17
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Alaraby M, Abass D, Farre M, Hernández A, Marcos R. Are bioplastics safe? Hazardous effects of polylactic acid (PLA) nanoplastics in Drosophila. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170592. [PMID: 38354814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The expanded uses of bioplastics require understanding the potential health risks associated with their exposure. To address this issue, Drosophila melanogaster as a versatile terrestrial in vivo model was employed, and polylactic acid nanoplastics (PLA-NPLs), as a proxy for bioplastics, were tested as a material model. Effects were determined in larvae exposed for 4 days to different concentrations (25, 100, and 400 μg/mL) of 463.9 ± 129.4 nm PLA-NPLs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) approaches permitted the detection of PLA-NPLs in the midgut lumen of Drosophila larvae, interacting with symbiotic bacteria. Enzymatic vacuoles were observed as carriers, collecting PLA-NPLs and enabling the crossing of the peritrophic membrane, finally internalizing into enterocytes. Although no toxic effects were observed in egg-to-adult survival, cell uptake of PLA-NPLs causes cytological disturbances and the formation of large vacuoles. The translocation across the intestinal barrier was demonstrated by their presence in the hemolymph. PLA-NPL exposure triggered intestinal damage, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation responses, as evaluated via a wide set of marker genes. Collectively, these structural and molecular interferences caused by PLA-NPLs generated high levels of oxidative stress and DNA damage in the hemocytes of Drosophila larvae. The observed effects point out the need for further studies aiming to deepen the health risks of bioplastics before adopting their uses as a safe plastic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alaraby
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt.
| | - Doaa Abass
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Marinella Farre
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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18
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Güleryüz B, Işık A, Gülsoy M. Synergistic effect of mesoporous silica nanocarrier-assisted photodynamic therapy and anticancer agent activity on lung cancer cells. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:91. [PMID: 38491201 PMCID: PMC10942901 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Investigating combined treatment methodologies is crucial for addressing the complex nature of cancer. As an emerging strategy, nano-biotechnology encourages the design of unique nanocarriers possessing simultaneous therapeutic application properties. This study aims to explore the combined effects of photodynamic and anticancer treatments using a multifunctional nanocarrier system co-administering the photosensitizer IR780 and the anticancer agent curcumin (Cur) on lung cancer cells. Nanocarriers were prepared by encapsulation IR780 and Cur inside polyethylene glycol-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cur&IR780@MSN). Various concentrations of nanocarriers were evaluated on A549 cells following 5 min NIR laser light (continuous wave, 785 nm, 500 mW/cm2) irradiation. The internalization of nanocarriers was observed through the fluorescence of Cur. Changes in cell viability were determined using the MTT assay and AO/PI staining. A scratch assay analysis was also performed to examine the impact of combined treatments on cell migration. Characterization of the nanocarriers revealed adequate hydrophobic drug loading, temperature-inhibited feature, enhanced reactive oxygen species generation, a pH-dependent curcumin release profile, and high biocompatibility. Cur&IR780@MSN, which enabled the observation of synergistic treatment efficacy, successfully reduced cell viability by up to 78%. In contrast, monotherapies with curcumin-loaded nanocarriers (Cur@MSN) and IR780-loaded nanocarriers (IR780@MSN) resulted in a 38% and 56% decrease in cell viability, respectively. The constructed Cur&IR780@MSN nanocarrier has demonstrated remarkable performance in the application of combination therapies for lung cancer cells. These nanocarriers have the potential to inspire future studies in tumor treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Güleryüz
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Uskudar, Istanbul, 34684, Turkey.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Halic University, Eyupsultan, Istanbul, 34060, Turkey.
| | - Ayşe Işık
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Uskudar, Istanbul, 34684, Turkey.
| | - Murat Gülsoy
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Uskudar, Istanbul, 34684, Turkey
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19
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Krasian T, Punyodom W, Molloy R, Topham PD, Tighe BJ, Mahomed A, Chaiwarit T, Panraksa P, Rachtanapun P, Jantanasakulwong K, Worajittiphon P. Low cytotoxicity, antibacterial property, and curcumin delivery performance of toughness-enhanced electrospun composite membranes based on poly(lactic acid) and MAX phase (Ti 3AlC 2). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129967. [PMID: 38316324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
MXenes, synthesized from their precursor MAX phases, have been extensively researched as additives to enhance the drug delivery performance of polymer matrices, whereas there is a limited number of previous reports on the use of MAX phases themselves for such applications. The use of MAX phases can exclude the complicated synthesis procedure and lessen resultant production and environmental costs required to convert MAX phases to MXenes. Herein, electrospun membranes of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a MAX phase (Ti3AlC2) have been fabricated for curcumin delivery. The composite membrane exhibits significantly higher toughness (8.82 MJ m-3) than the plasticized PLA membrane (0.63 MJ m-3) with low cytotoxicity, supporting proliferation of mouse fibroblast L929 cells. The curcumin-loaded composite membrane exhibits high water vapor transmission (∼7350 g m-2 day-1), porosity (∼85 %), water wettability, and antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus. Seven-day curcumin release is enhanced from 45 % (PLA) to 67 % (composite) due to curcumin diffusion from the polymer fibers and MAX phase surface that contributes to overall increased curcumin adsorption and release sites. This work demonstrates the potential of the MAX phase to enhance both properties and curcumin delivery, promising for other eco-friendly systems for sustainable drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharnthip Krasian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Robert Molloy
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Paul D Topham
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Brian J Tighe
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Anisa Mahomed
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Tanpong Chaiwarit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Panraksa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Packaging Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Packaging Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Worajittiphon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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20
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Ali IH, Khalil IA, Hefnawy A, Chester A, Yacoub MH, El-Sherbiny IM. Exogenous and endogenous nitric oxide eluting polylactic acid-based nanofibrous scaffolds for enhancing angiogenesis of diabetic wounds. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129736. [PMID: 38280700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is a major complication that diabetic patients suffer from due to high microbial infection susceptibility, high diabetic wound alkalinity, a low lymphangiogenesis rate, and a high inflammation rate, resulting in severe gangrene. Hence, this study aims to develop a multifunctional adhesive nanofibrous patch to promote the wound healing process. Phenytoin, sildenafil citrate, and/or nitric oxide-eluting nanoparticles were incorporated separately within the polylactic acid nanofibrous layer. Polylactic acid was fabricated in the form of highly porous nanofibrous matrices that resemble the natural structure of skin tissues in order to act as scaffolds that help cell migration and proliferation. A polylactic acid nanofibrous layer incorporating phenytoin was designed to stimulate fibroblast proliferation and inhibit inflammation. Another polylactic acid nanofibrous layer was loaded either with nitric oxide-eluting nanoparticles or sildenafil as a pro-angiogenic layer that can supply tissues with nitric oxide gas either exogenously or endogenously, respectively. The developed nanofibrous layers were in-vitro evaluated through different physicochemical, mechanical, and biological approaches. Finally, the efficiency of the prepared single multilayered patch was tested using an in-vivo alloxan-induced diabetic rats' model, which proved that the patches were able to release the incorporated cargos in a controlled manner, enhancing the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra H Ali
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Islam A Khalil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6(th) of October, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Amr Hefnawy
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Adrian Chester
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Heart Science Center, Imperial College London, Middlesex UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Heart Science Center, Imperial College London, Middlesex UB9 6JH, UK
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center of Material Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt.
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21
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Wang L, Abenojar J, Martínez MA, Santiuste C. Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Flax/PLA Composites in Hygrothermal Aging Conditions. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:528. [PMID: 38399906 PMCID: PMC10892236 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The main advantage of green composites is their biodegradability, but this biodegradability can also be considered a drawback if the degradation appears during the service life of the component. Therefore, the study of the mechanical behavior of green composites after hygrothermal aging tests is necessary to analyze their degradation process. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the hygrothermal aging behavior and aging mechanism of flax-fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites. The fully biodegradable composites are manufactured by compression molding. In addition, the influence of atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment on the mechanical properties of the biocomposite is studied. Specimens are exposed to water vapor and 40 °C environmental conditions in a stove for up to 42 days. Several specimens of each type are taken out at regular intervals and tested to examine the water absorption, mechanical properties, and thermal characterization. The results show that the stiffness was significantly reduced after 24 h due to matrix degradation, while the strength was reduced only after three weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujiao Wang
- Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, Av. Universidad, 30, 28911 Leganes, Spain;
| | - Juana Abenojar
- Science and Engineering Materials Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, Av. Universidad, 30, 28911 Leganes, Spain; (J.A.); (M.A.M.)
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Pontificia Comillas University of Madrid, C/Alberto Aguilera, 25, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Martínez
- Science and Engineering Materials Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, Av. Universidad, 30, 28911 Leganes, Spain; (J.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Carlos Santiuste
- Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, Av. Universidad, 30, 28911 Leganes, Spain;
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22
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Demir E, Duygun İK, Bedeloğlu A. The Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polylactic Acid/Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Multi-Material Structures Manufactured by Material Extrusion. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2024; 11:197-206. [PMID: 38389667 PMCID: PMC10880662 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and PLA/PETG structures manufactured using the multi-material additive manufacturing (MMAM) method were studied in this work. Material extrusion additive manufacturing was used to print PLA/PETG samples with various PLA and PETG layer numbers. By varying the top and bottom layer numbers of two thermoplastics, the effect of layer number on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed structures was investigated. The chemical and thermal characteristics of PLA and PETG were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Tensile and flexural strength of 3D-printed PLA, PETG, and PLA/PETG samples were determined using tensile and three-point bending tests. The fracture surfaces of the samples were evaluated using optical microscopy. The results indicated that multi-material part containing 13 layers of PLA and 3 layers of PETG exhibited the highest ultimate tensile strength (65.4 MPa) and a good flexural strength (91.4 MPa). MMAM was discovered to be a viable way for producing PLA/PETG materials with great mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Demir
- Polymer Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - İnal Kaan Duygun
- Polymer Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Bedeloğlu
- Polymer Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
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23
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Choi IS, Kim YK, Hong SH, Seo HJ, Hwang SH, Kim J, Lim SK. Effects of Polybutylene Succinate Content on the Rheological Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polybutylene Succinate Blends and the Characteristics of Their Fibers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:662. [PMID: 38591561 PMCID: PMC10856723 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) are gaining prominence as environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based polymers due to their inherent biodegradability. For their textile applications, this research is focused on exploring the effects of PBS content on the rheological properties of PLA/PBS blends and the characteristics of PLA/PBS blend fibers. PLA/PBS blends and fibers with varying PBS contents (0 to 10 wt.%) were prepared using melt-blending and spinning methods. Uniform morphologies of the PLA/PBS blends indicated that PBS was compatible with PLA, except at 10% PBS content, where phase separation occurred. The introduction of PBS reduced the complex viscosity of the blends, influencing fiber properties. Notably, PLA/PBS fibers with 7% PBS exhibited improved crystallinity, orientation factor, and elasticity (~16.58%), with a similar tensile strength to PLA fiber (~3.58 MPa). The results suggest that an optimal amount of PBS enhances alignment along the drawing direction and improves the molecular motion in PLA/PBS blend fiber. This study highlights the potential of strategically blending PBS to improve PLA fiber characteristics, promising advancement in textile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Sung Choi
- International Cooperation Team, Korea Textile Development Institute, Daegu 41842, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kwang Kim
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Seong Hui Hong
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Hye-Jin Seo
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Sung-Ho Hwang
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Jongwon Kim
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyoo Lim
- Department of Energy Technology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.K.); (S.H.H.); (H.-J.S.); (S.-H.H.)
- Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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24
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Macías-Naranjo M, Sánchez-Domínguez M, Rubio-Valle JF, Rodríguez CA, Martín-Alfonso JE, García-López E, Vazquez-Lepe E. A Study of PLA Thin Film on SS 316L Coronary Stents Using a Dip Coating Technique. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:284. [PMID: 38276692 PMCID: PMC10818791 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The dip coating process is one of the recognized techniques used to generate polymeric coatings on stents in an easy and low-cost way. However, there is a lack of information about the influence of the process parameters of this technique on complex geometries such as stents. This paper studies the dip coating process parameters used to provide a uniform coating of PLA with a 4-10 µm thickness. A stainless-steel tube (AISI 316L) was laser-cut, electropolished, and dip-coated in a polylactic acid (PLA) solution whilst changing the process parameters. The samples were characterized to examine the coating's uniformity, thickness, surface roughness, weight, and chemical composition. FTIR and Raman investigations indicated the presence of PLA on the stent's surface, the chemical stability of PLA during the coating process, and the absence of residual chloroform in the coatings. Additionally, the water contact angle was measured to determine the hydrophilicity of the coating. Our results indicate that, when using entry and withdrawal speeds of 500 mm min-1 and a 15 s immersion time, a uniform coating thickness was achieved throughout the tube and in the stent with an average thickness of 7.8 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Macías-Naranjo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.M.-N.); (C.A.R.)
| | - Margarita Sánchez-Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV), Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Norte 202, Apodaca 66628, Nuevo León, Mexico;
| | - J. F. Rubio-Valle
- Pro2TecS—Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ETSI, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de “El Carmen”, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (J.F.R.-V.); (J.E.M.-A.)
| | - Ciro A. Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.M.-N.); (C.A.R.)
| | - J. E. Martín-Alfonso
- Pro2TecS—Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, ETSI, Universidad de Huelva, Campus de “El Carmen”, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (J.F.R.-V.); (J.E.M.-A.)
| | - Erika García-López
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.M.-N.); (C.A.R.)
| | - Elisa Vazquez-Lepe
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico; (M.M.-N.); (C.A.R.)
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25
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Momeni P, Nourisefat M, Farzaneh A, Shahrousvand M, Abdi MH. The engineering, drug release, and in vitro evaluations of the PLLA/HPC/ Calendula Officinalis electrospun nanofibers optimized by Response Surface Methodology. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23218. [PMID: 38205286 PMCID: PMC10777380 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A system based on poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was considered in this study to achieve electrospun mats with outstanding properties and applicability in biomedical engineering. A novel binary solvent system of chloroform/N,N-dimethylformamide (CF/DMF:70/30) was utilized to minimize the probable phase separation between the polymeric components. Moreover, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to model/optimize the process. Finally, to scrutinize the ability of the complex in terms of drug delivery, Calendula Officinalis (Marigold) extract was added to the solution of the optimal sample (Opt.PH), and then the set was electrospun (PHM). As a result, the presence of Marigold led to higher values of fiber diameter (262 ± 34 nm), pore size (483 ± 102 nm), and surface porosity (81.0 ± 7.3 %). As this drug could also prohibit the micro-scale phase separation, the PHM touched superior tensile strength and Young modulus of 11.3 ± 1.1 and 91.2 ± 4.2 MPa, respectively. Additionally, the cumulative release data demonstrated non-Fickian diffusion with the Korsmeyer-Peppas exponent and diffusion coefficient of n = 0.69 and D = 2.073 × 10-14 cm2/s, respectively. At the end stage, both the Opt.PH and PHM mats manifested satisfactory results regarding the hydrophilicity and cell viability/proliferation assessments, reflecting their high potential to be used in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Momeni
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Nourisefat
- Department of polymer engineering and color technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arman Farzaneh
- Department of polymer engineering and color technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahrousvand
- Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Rezvanshahr, P.O. Box: 43841-119, Guilan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Abdi
- School of Chemical and polymer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Nikolić N, Olmos D, Kramar A, González-Benito J. Effect of Collector Rotational Speed on the Morphology and Structure of Solution Blow Spun Polylactic Acid (PLA). Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:191. [PMID: 38256990 PMCID: PMC10819695 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Apart from structure and composition, morphology plays a significant role in influencing the performance of materials in terms of both bulk and surface behavior. In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) constituted by submicrometric fibers is prepared. Using a modified electrospinning (ES) device to carry out solution blow spinning (SBS), the fibrillar morphology is modified, with the aim to induce variations in the properties of the material. The modification of the ES device consists of the incorporation of a source of pressurized gas (air) and a 3D-printed nozzle of our own design. For this work, the morphology of the PLA submicrometric fibers is modified by varying the rotational speed of the collector in order to understand its influence on different properties and, consequently, on the performance of the material. The rotational speed of a cylindrical collector (250, 500, 1000 and 2000 rpm) is considered as variable for changing the morphology. Morphological study of the materials was performed using scanning electron microscopy and image analysis carried out with ImageJ 1.54f software. Besides a morphology study, structural characterization by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy using attenuated total reflectance of prepared materials is carried out. Finally, the morphology and structure of produced PLA fibrous mats were correlated with the analysis of mechanical properties, wettability behavior and adhesion of DH5-α E. coli bacteria. It is of interest to highlight how small morphological and chemical structure variations can lead to important changes in materials' performance. These changes include, for example, those above 30% in some mechanical parameters and clear variations in bacterial adhesion capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Nikolić
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain; (N.N.); (D.O.); (A.K.)
| | - Dania Olmos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain; (N.N.); (D.O.); (A.K.)
- Instituto Tecnológico de Química y Materiales “Álvaro Alonso Barba”, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Kramar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain; (N.N.); (D.O.); (A.K.)
- Instituto Tecnológico de Química y Materiales “Álvaro Alonso Barba”, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier González-Benito
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain; (N.N.); (D.O.); (A.K.)
- Instituto Tecnológico de Química y Materiales “Álvaro Alonso Barba”, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Thongkham M, Saenjaiban A, Jantanasakulwong K, Pattanawong W, Arjin C, Hongsibsong S, Rachtanapun P, Sringarm K. New insights from poly-lactic acid and ionomer films coupled with recombinant antibodies for processing sexed-sorting bovine sperm. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128425. [PMID: 38008136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the efficacy of ionomers and poly-lactic acid (PLA) as an alternative solid material combined with scFv antibodies specific to bovine Y-sperm (Y-scFv) was studied to create a novel method of sexing technology. The coupling efficiency of Y-scFv to the surface of PLA, Na+ and Zn2+ ionomer film was between 2 and 8 mg/mL. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirm that Y-scFv was bound with a carboxylic acid group in each film. Therefore, Na+, Zn2+ ionomers and PLA films conjugated with 4 and 8 mg/mL Y-scFv showed the highest concentration of Y-sperm in the eluted fraction. Considering that the elute fraction was enriched Y-sperm fraction, it contained 67.70-77.94 % of the Y-sperm ratio related to the produced supernatant fraction, which contained up to 69.31-76.01 % enriched X-sperm. In addition, the sperm quality after the sexing process was analyzed by CASA and imaging flow cytometry, which showed that each polymer did not have a negative effect on sperm motility and acrosome integrity for X-sperm. The capacity of ionomer and PLA combined with Y-scFv are used for bovine sperm sexing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marninphan Thongkham
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Aphisit Saenjaiban
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (International Program/Interdisciplinary), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pattanawong
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat Arjin
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translational Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand
| | - Surat Hongsibsong
- Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translational Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand; School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Valorization and Bio-Green Transformation for Translational Research Innovation of Raw Materials and Products, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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28
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Vosough Kia M, Ehsani M, Hosseini SE, Asadi GH. Fabrication and characterization of transparent nanocomposite films based on poly (lactic acid)/polyethylene glycol reinforced with nano glass flake. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127473. [PMID: 37858646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Developing new biodegradable packaging with superior properties and advanced functionalities is one of the most emerging research areas of interest in food packaging. In this study, PLA/PEG-based nanocomposite films incorporated with different amounts of nano glass flake (NGF) (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 phr) were fabricated via casting solution for applications in food packaging. The ATR-FTIR displayed no chemical interaction between the PLA/PEG-based matrix and NGF particles. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations exhibited a relatively smooth and homogeneous surface without defects. Incorporation of the NGF into the PLA/PEG-based matrix did not affect the color and opacity of the fabricated films. The prepared nanocomposite films were highly transparent and exhibited superior properties such as increased hydrophobicity, appreciable oxygen barrier properties, and enhanced thermal stability. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis confirmed the existence of a single glass-transition temperature (Tg) as evidence of miscibility. According to the research results, the PLA/PEG/NGF1 nanocomposite film significantly offered the best overall performance. This work has developed new insight into the potential application of nano glass flakes in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Vosough Kia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Ehsani
- Department of Polymer and Textile, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Plastics, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam Hassan Asadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Ercelik M, Tekin C, Parin FN, Mutlu B, Dogan HY, Tezcan G, Aksoy SA, Gurbuz M, Yildirim K, Bekar A, Kocaeli H, Taskapilioglu MO, Eser P, Tunca B. Co-loading of Temozolomide with Oleuropein or rutin into polylactic acid core-shell nanofiber webs inhibit glioblastoma cell by controlled release. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126722. [PMID: 37673167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) has susceptibility to post-surgical recurrence. Therefore, local treatment methods are required against recurrent GB cells in the post-surgical area. In this study, we developed a nanofiber-based local therapy against GB cells using Oleuropein (OL), and rutin and their combinations with Temozolomide (TMZ). The polylactic acid (PLA) core-shell nanofiber webs were encapsulated with OL (PLAOL), rutin (PLArutin), and TMZ (PLATMZ) by an electrospinning process. A SEM visualized the morphology and the total immersion method determined the release characteristics of PLA webs. Real-time cell tracking analysis for cell growth, dual Acridine Orange/Propidium Iodide staining for cell viability, a scratch wound healing assay for migration capacity, and a sphere formation assay for tumor spheroid aggressiveness were used. All polymeric nanofiber webs had core-shell structures with an average diameter between 133 ± 30.7-139 ± 20.5 nm. All PLA webs promoted apoptotic cell death, suppressed cell migration, and spheres growth (p < 0.0001). PLAOL and PLATMZ suppressed GB cell viability with a controlled release that increased over 120 h, while PLArutin caused rapid cell inhibition (p < 0.0001). Collectively, our findings suggest that core-shell nano-webs could be a novel and effective therapeutic tool for the controlled release of OL and TMZ against recurrent GB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Ercelik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Cagla Tekin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nur Parin
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Polymer Materials Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Busra Mutlu
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey; Central Research Laboratory, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hazal Yilmaz Dogan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Secil Ak Aksoy
- Inegol Vocation School, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey; Faculty of Medicine Experimental Animal Breeding and Research Unit, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Melisa Gurbuz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kenan Yildirim
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Polymer Materials Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bekar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hasan Kocaeli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Pinar Eser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
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Wu CN, Wang TE, Hsieh CC, Cheng KC, Wu KCW. Biocompatible and antibacterial poly(lactic acid)/cellulose nanofiber‑silver nanoparticle biocomposites prepared via Pickering emulsion method. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127495. [PMID: 37858642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Developing biocompatible and antibacterial materials with biodegradable polymers is an ideal strategy to improve public health problems and plastic pollution simultaneously. In the present study, novel biocompatible and antibacterial poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA, coded as P)/TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCNF, coded as T)‑silver nanoparticle (AgNP, coded as A) films were first developed. The core/shell PT Pickering emulsion was prepared by sonication treatment. The TOCNF shells with -COO-Na+ groups (∼1.5 mmol/g cellulose) were used as the support to in situ synthesize and immobilize AgNPs on the PT emulsion droplets. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 mmol/g cellulose) was added to the PT emulsions. Then, ion-exchange reaction and hydrothermal reduction were conducted to form PTA (PTA1-PTA4) emulsions. After centrifugation to remove the excess Ag+, filtration, oven-drying, and hot-pressing, the PTA composite films were successfully prepared. The PTA3 film contained AgNPs 12.4 ± 2.8 nm in diameter and exhibited the highest antibacterial activities against the E. coli (85.2%) and S. aureus (80.1%) at 37 °C, where the initial bacterial suspension concentrations were approximately 2 × 108 CFU mL-1. Therefore, the biocompatible and antibacterial PTA3 film is a promising candidate for biomedical applications, in particular as an antibacterial bioactive packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Te-En Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Taichung 413305, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Kevin C-W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institute, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan.
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31
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Pires LS, Melo DS, Borges JP, Henriques CR. PEDOT-Coated PLA Fibers Electrospun from Solutions Incorporating Fe(III)Tosylate in Different Solvents by Vapor-Phase Polymerization for Neural Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4004. [PMID: 37836053 PMCID: PMC10575336 DOI: 10.3390/polym15194004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic solutions for injuries in the peripheral nervous system are limited and not existing in the case of the central nervous system. The electrical stimulation of cells through a cell-supporting conductive scaffold may contribute to new therapeutic solutions for nerve regeneration. In this work, biocompatible Polylactic acid (PLA) fibrous scaffolds incorporating Fe(III)Tosylate (FeTos) were produced by electrospinning a mixture of PLA/FeTos solutions towards a rotating cylinder, inducing fiber alignment. Fibers were coated with the conductive polymer Poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) formed by vapor-phase polymerization of EDOT at 70 °C for 2 h. Different solvents (ETH, DMF and THF) were used as FeTos solvents to investigate the impact on the scaffold's conductivity. Scaffold conductivity was estimated to be as high as 1.50 × 10-1 S/cm when FeTos was dissolved in DMF. In vitro tests were performed to evaluate possible scaffold cytotoxicity, following ISO 10993-5, revealing no cytotoxic effects. Differentiation and growth of cells from the neural cell line SH-SY5Y seeded on the scaffolds were also assessed, with neuritic extensions observed in cells differentiated in neurons with retinoic acid. These extensions tended to follow the preferential alignment of the scaffold fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S. Pires
- Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Diogo S. Melo
- Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - João P. Borges
- Department of Materials Science, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- i3N/CENIMAT, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Célia R. Henriques
- Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- i3N/CENIMAT, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Kiattipornpithak K, Rachtanapun P, Thanakkasaranee S, Jantrawut P, Ruksiriwanich W, Sommano SR, Leksawasdi N, Kittikorn T, Jantanasakulwong K. Bamboo Pulp Toughening Poly (Lactic Acid) Composite Using Reactive Epoxy Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3789. [PMID: 37765643 PMCID: PMC10537309 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composite with excellent mechanical properties, toughness, thermal stability, and water resistance was developed using a reactive melt-blending technique. PLA was melt mixed with epoxy resin (EPOXY) and bamboo pulp (PULP) to improve its reaction and mechanical properties. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful reaction of the PLA/EPOXY/PULP composites; the epoxy groups of EPOXY reacted with the -COOH groups of PLA and the -OH groups of PULP. The PLA/EPOXY/PULP5 composite showed a high tensile strength (67 MPa) and high toughness of 762 folding cycles, whereas the highest tensile strength was 77 MPa in the PLA/EPOXY5/PULP20 sample. SEM images presented a gap between the PLA and PULP; gap size decreased with the addition of EPOXY. The Tg of the PLA decreased with the EPOXY plasticizer effect, whereas the Tm did not significantly change. PULP induced crystallinity and increased Vicat softening of the PLA/PULP and PLA/EPOXY/PULP composites. The EPOXY reaction of the PLA/PULP composites improved their tensile properties, toughness, thermal stability, and water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittameth Kiattipornpithak
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
| | - Sarinthip Thanakkasaranee
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
| | - Thorsak Kittikorn
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
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Castro JI, Araujo-Rodríguez DG, Valencia-Llano CH, López Tenorio D, Saavedra M, Zapata PA, Grande-Tovar CD. Biocompatibility Assessment of Polycaprolactone/Polylactic Acid/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Composites under In Vivo Conditions for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2196. [PMID: 37765166 PMCID: PMC10535598 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for non-invasive biocompatible materials in biomedical applications, driven by accidents and diseases like cancer, has led to the development of sustainable biomaterials. Here, we report the synthesis of four block formulations using polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) for subdermal tissue regeneration. Characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the composition of the composites. Additionally, the interaction of ZnO-NPs mainly occurred with the C=O groups of PCL occurring at 1724 cm-1, which disappears for F4, as evidenced in the FT-IR analysis. Likewise, this interaction evidenced the decrease in the crystallinity of the composites as they act as crosslinking points between the polymer backbones, inducing gaps between them and weakening the strength of the intermolecular bonds. Thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses confirmed that the ZnO-NPs bind to the carbonyl groups of the polymer, acting as weak points in the polymer backbone from where the different fragmentations occur. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the increase in ZnO-NPs facilitated a more compact surface due to the excellent dispersion and homogeneous accumulation between the polymeric chains, facilitating this morphology. The in vivo studies using the nanocomposites demonstrated the degradation/resorption of the blocks in a ZnO-NP-dependant mode. After degradation, collagen fibers (Type I), blood vessels, and inflammatory cells continue the resorption of the implanted material. The results reported here demonstrate the relevance and potential impact of the ZnO-NP-based scaffolds in soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Castro
- Laboratorio SIMERQO, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 76001, Colombia;
| | - Daniela G. Araujo-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia;
| | - Carlos Humberto Valencia-Llano
- Grupo Biomateriales Dentales, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali 76001, Colombia; (C.H.V.-L.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Diego López Tenorio
- Grupo Biomateriales Dentales, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali 76001, Colombia; (C.H.V.-L.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Marcela Saavedra
- Grupo de Polímeros, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile; (M.S.); (P.A.Z.)
| | - Paula A. Zapata
- Grupo de Polímeros, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170020, Chile; (M.S.); (P.A.Z.)
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia;
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34
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Kubota R, Fujimoto I. Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Application of Cyclodextrin-Based Polyrotaxanes for Reinforced Atelocollagen Threads. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3325. [PMID: 37571219 PMCID: PMC10422439 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Preparing strong and flexible atelocollagen-based materials for biomedical applications is still a challenging task. To address this challenge, this study describes the synthesis and characterization of water-soluble polyrotaxanes (PRs) with different coverage ratios and molecular weights of axle polymers, and their potential applications for PR-reinforced atelocollagen threads (PRATs). A novel method was established for the syntheses of PRs with relatively low coverage ratio at the sub-gram scale, in which the aldehyde groups were employed as crosslinking sites for preparing the PRATs via reductive amination. The aldehyde groups were successfully quantified by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using 1,1-dimethylhydrazine as an aldehyde marker. Fourier-transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis measurements supported the characterization of the PRs. Interestingly, tensile testing demonstrated that coverage ratio affected the mechanical properties of the PRATs more strongly than molecular weight. The insights obtained in this study would facilitate the development of soft materials based on atelocollagens and PRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kubota
- Koken Research Institute, Koken Co., Ltd., 1-18-36 Takarada, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata 997-0011, Japan
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35
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Banaei G, García-Rodríguez A, Tavakolpournegari A, Martín-Pérez J, Villacorta A, Marcos R, Hernández A. The release of polylactic acid nanoplastics (PLA-NPLs) from commercial teabags. Obtention, characterization, and hazard effects of true-to-life PLA-NPLs. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131899. [PMID: 37354720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates MNPLs release from commercially available teabags and their effects on both undifferentiated monocultures of Caco-2 and HT29 and in the in vitro model of the intestinal Caco-2/HT29 barrier. Teabags were subjected to mechanical and thermodynamic forces simulating the preparation of a cup of tea. The obtained dispersions were characterized using TEM, SEM, DLS, LDV, NTA, and FTIR. Results confirmed that particles were in the nano-range, constituted by polylactic acid (PLA-NPLs), and about one million of PLA-NPLs per teabag were quantified. PLA-NPLs internalization, cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species induction, as well as structural and functional changes in the barrier were assessed. Results show that PLA-NPLs present high uptake rates, especially in mucus-secretor cells, and bio-persisted in the tissue after 72 h of exposure. Although no significant cytotoxicity was observed after the exposure to 100 µg/mL PLA-NPLs during 48 h, a slight barrier disruption could be detected at short-time periods. The present work reveals new insights into the safety of polymer-based teabags, the behavior of true-to-life MNPLs in the human body, as well as new questions on how repeated and prolonged exposures could affect the structure and function of the human intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alba García-Rodríguez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Juan Martín-Pérez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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36
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Bhende PP, Chauhan R, Waigaonkar S, Bragança JM, Ganguly A. Composites of Bacillus megaterium H16 derived poly-3-hydroxybutyrate as a biomaterial for skin tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125355. [PMID: 37327940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Composite films of Bacillus megaterium H16 derived PHB with 1%Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), 1%Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), and 0.3 % graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were produced by solvent cast method. The composite films were characterized by SEM, DSC-TGA, XRD, and ATR-FTIR. The ultrastructure of PHB and its composites depicted an irregular surface morphology with pores after the evaporation of chloroform. The GNPs were seen to be integrated inside the pores. The B. megaterium H16 derived-PHB and its composites demonstrated good biocompatibility which was evaluated in vitro on HaCaT and L929 cells by MTT assay. The cell viability was best for PHB followed by PHB/PLLA/PCL > PHB/PLLA/GNP > PHB/PLLA. PHB and its composites were highly hemocompatible as it resulted in <1 % hemolysis. The PHB/PLLA/PCL and PHB/PLLA/GNP composites can serve as ideal biomaterials for skin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Praveen Bhende
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
| | - Rashmi Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
| | - Sachin Waigaonkar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
| | - Judith M Bragança
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
| | - Anasuya Ganguly
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani KK Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
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Lee H, Shin DY, Na Y, Han G, Kim J, Kim N, Bang SJ, Kang HS, Oh S, Yoon CB, Park J, Kim HE, Jung HD, Kang MH. Antibacterial PLA/Mg composite with enhanced mechanical and biological performance for biodegradable orthopedic implants. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213523. [PMID: 37336010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradability, bone-healing rate, and prevention of bacterial infection are critical factors for orthopedic implants. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a good candidate biodegradable material; however, it has insufficient mechanical strength and bioactivity for orthopedic implants. Magnesium (Mg), has good bioactivity, biodegradability, and sufficient mechanical properties, similar to that of bone. Moreover, Mg has an inherent antibacterial property via a photothermal effect, which generates localized heat, thus preventing bacterial infection. Therefore, Mg is a good candidate material for PLA composites, to improve their mechanical and biological performance and add an antibacterial property. Herein, we fabricated an antibacterial PLA/Mg composite for enhanced mechanical and biological performance with an antibacterial property for application as biodegradable orthopedic implants. The composite was fabricated with 15 and 30 vol% of Mg homogeneously dispersed in PLA without the generation of a defect using a high-shear mixer. The composites exhibited an enhanced compressive strength of 107.3 and 93.2 MPa, and stiffness of 2.3 and 2.5 GPa, respectively, compared with those of pure PLA which were 68.8 MPa and 1.6 GPa, respectively. Moreover, the PLA/Mg composite at 15 vol% Mg exhibited significant improvement of biological performance in terms of enhanced initial cell attachment and cell proliferation, whereas the composite at 30 vol% Mg showed deteriorated cell proliferation and differentiation because of the rapid degradation of the Mg particles. In turn, the PLA/Mg composites exerted an antibacterial effect based on the inherent antibacterial property of Mg as well as the photothermal effect induced by near-infrared (NIR) treatment, which can minimize infection after implantation surgery. Therefore, antibacterial PLA/Mg composites with enhanced mechanical and biological performance may be a candidate material with great potential for biodegradable orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Young Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuhyun Na
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Ginam Han
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Joodeok Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Jun Bang
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok Kang
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - SeKwon Oh
- Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing & Materials Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Bun Yoon
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung-si 15073, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon-si 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun-Ee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Do Jung
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kang
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Kaniuk E, Lechowska-Liszka A, Gajek M, Nikodem A, Ścisłowska-Czarnecka A, Rapacz-Kmita A, Stodolak-Zych E. Correlation between porosity and physicochemical and biological properties of electrospinning PLA/PVA membranes for skin regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213506. [PMID: 37364396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning is an increasingly popular technique for obtaining scaffolds for skin regeneration. However, electrospun scaffolds may also have some disadvantages, as the densely packed fibers in the scaffold structure can limit the penetration of skin cells into the inner part of the material. Such a dense arrangement of fibers can cause the cells to treat the 3D material as 2D one, and thus cause them to accumulate only on the upper surface. In this study, bi-polymer scaffolds made of polylactide (PLA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun in a sequential or a concurrent system were investigated in a different PLA:PVA ratio (2:1 and 1:1). The properties of six types of model materials were investigated and compared i.e.; the initial materials electrospun by the sequential (PLA/PVA, 2PLA/PVA) and the concurrent system (PLA||PVA) and the same materials with removed PVA fibers (PLA/rPVA, 2PLA/rPVA, PLA||rPVA). The fiber models were intended to increase the porosity and coherent structure parameters of the scaffolds. The applied treatment involving the removal of PVA nanofibers increased the size of interfibrous pores formed between the PLA fibers. Ultimately, the porosity of the PLA/PVA scaffolds increased from 78 % to 99 %, and the time of water absorption decreased from 516 to 2 s. The change in wettability was induced by a synergistic effect of decrease in roughness after washing out and the presence of residual PVA fibers. The chemical analysis carried out confirmed the presence of PVA residues on the PLA fibers (FTIR-ATR study). In vitro studies were performed on human keratinocytes (HaKaT) and macrophages (RAW264.7), for which penetration into the inner part of the PLAIIPVA scaffold was observed. The new proposed approach, which allows the removal of PVA fibers from the bicomponent material, allows to obtain a scaffold with increased porosity, and thus better permeability for cells and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kaniuk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Gajek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Nikodem
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego st., Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Alicja Rapacz-Kmita
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Stodolak-Zych
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, Poland.
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Zehir B, Boga C, Seyedzavvar M. Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental investigation of mechanical properties of calcium carbonate and graphene reinforced polylactic acid nanocomposites. J Mol Model 2023; 29:187. [PMID: 37225898 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The use of Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to examine the mechanical characteristics of polymer composites reinforced with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and graphene (GR) is represented in this work. The effects of CaCO3 and GR nanoadditives in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix in different concentrations were evaluated using the results of MD simulations. Experimental analyses have been conducted to validate the results of MD based on the mechanical properties of fabricated nanocomposites, including modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio. The modeling, computation, and analysis of several simulations on the improved mechanical characteristics of PLA/CaCO3 and PLA/GR nanocomposites are introduced and discussed. The results revealed that the addition of GR nanoparticles were more effective in enhancing the mechanical properties of PLA components as compared with that of CaCO3 nanoparticles, as the modulus of elasticity, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio increased by approximately 21%, 17%, and 16% for addition of 3 wt% GR nanoparticles in the PLA matrix, respectively. METHODS The mechanical behavior of PLA/CaCO3 and PLA/GR nanocomposites have been simulated based on the molecular dynamic technique using material studio (MS) that enabled the analyses of synergy between the polymer molecules and the nanoparticles. Molecular models for a system of nanocomposites were built by embedding the nano-clusters into an amorphous PLA matrix. Nanoparticles have been modeled as spherical nanoclusters of graphite and calcite unit cells. Molecular models of the pure PLA matrix were also developed for comparison. The relaxed systems of MD simulations have been carried out to calculate the mechanical properties of nanocomposites containing 1, 3 and 5 wt% nanofiller contents. To validate the results of the simulations, the PLA/CaCO3 and PLA/GR nanocomposite granules, containing different weight ratios of the nanofillers in the matrix, have been synthesized by melt-blending technique. These granules have been used to produce tensile test samples by injection molding technique, with different fractions of nanoparticles in the matrix, to study the effects of such nanoadditives on the mechanical properties of the PLA nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burçak Zehir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Cem Boga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Mirsadegh Seyedzavvar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
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Kanak NA, Shahruzzaman M, Islam MS, Takafuji M, Rahman MM, Kabir SF. Fabrication of Electrospun PLA-nHAp Nanocomposite for Sustained Drug Release in Dental and Orthopedic Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103691. [PMID: 37241318 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the fabrication of nanocomposites using electrospinning technique from poly lactic acid (PLA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp). The prepared electrospun PLA-nHAP nanocomposite is intended to be used for drug delivery application. A hydrogen bond in between nHAp and PLA was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Degradation study of the prepared electrospun PLA-nHAp nanocomposite was conducted for 30 days both in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.4 and deionized water. The degradation of the nanocomposite occurred faster in PBS in comparison to water. Cytotoxicity analysis was conducted on both Vero cells and BHK-21 cells and the survival percentage of both cells was found to be more than 95%, which indicates that the prepared nanocomposite is non-toxic and biocompatible. Gentamicin was loaded in the nanocomposite via an encapsulation process and the in vitro drug delivery process was investigated in phosphate buffer solution at different pHs. An initial burst release of the drug was observed from the nanocomposite after 1 to 2 weeks for all pH media. After that, a sustained drug release behavior was observed for the nanocomposite for 8 weeks with a release of 80%, 70% and 50% at pHs 5.5, 6.0 and 7.4, respectively. It can be suggested that the electrospun PLA-nHAp nanocomposite can be used as a potential antibacterial drug carrier for sustained drug release in dental and orthopedic sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Anzum Kanak
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Md Shahruzzaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sazedul Islam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sumaya F Kabir
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Tran VT, Nguyen TC, Nguyen TT, Nguyen HN. Environmentally Friendly Plastic Boats - A Facile Strategy for Cleaning Oil Spills on Water with Excellent Efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68848-68862. [PMID: 37129816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we demonstrate a novel plastic boat capable of selectively and efficiently collecting spilled oils while floating on water. The boat has macroscopic openings in its vertical and curved sidewalls. It is easily, quickly, and inexpensively fabricated using an environmentally friendly polymer via a three-dimensional printing technique. Its surface is sequentially coated with nano-ceramic coating liquid and oil, which imparts favorable hydrophobic, oleophilic, and high oil-wettability properties. Using the boat prototype, a small pump system, and an oil boom-like device, we demonstrate that spilled oils with a wide range of viscosities (2.0-1000 cSt at 25-40 °C) are rapidly collected from the surface of both pure water and seawater. Remarkably, it efficiently collects oil spills on seawater under wavy conditions, and the retrieved oil does not mix with any drop of water. Moreover, the boat can be scaled up to a large size easily and has a long-term usage. By exhibiting these characteristics, our developed boat is a prominent potential device for practical oil retrieval applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Tron Tran
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, 71307, Vietnam.
| | - Tan Canh Nguyen
- Faculty of High Quality Training, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, 71307, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Tan Nguyen
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, 71307, Vietnam
| | - Hoai Nam Nguyen
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, 71307, Vietnam
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Merlini C, Oliveira Castro V, Perli G, El Omari Y, Livi S. Epoxidized Ionic Liquids as Processing Auxiliaries of Poly(Lactic Acid) Matrix: Influence on the Manufacture, Structural and Physical Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091476. [PMID: 37177021 PMCID: PMC10180299 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we set out to modify poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by incorporating epoxidized ionic liquids (ILs) that were specifically designed with imidazolium-NTf2 moieties. First, we synthesized di-, tri- and tetra-epoxidized ILs, which were incorporated into a PLA matrix at 3, 5, and 10 wt% through a melt extrusion process. We investigated the relationship between the structure and properties of the resulting materials in terms of thermal, mechanical, rheological, and surface properties. The results showed the potential of ILs to impact these properties. Notably, the tri- and tetra-epoxidized ILs enhanced the thermal stability of the PLA matrix as well as the crystallinity while reducing the glass transition temperature and melting point, which is promising for reactive extrusion processing. Overall, this research opens new routes for using reactive ILs to improve the processing and properties of PLA polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Merlini
- Materials Engineering Special Coordination, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Blumenau 89036-002, SC, Brazil
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, CEDEX F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vanessa Oliveira Castro
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, CEDEX F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Perli
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, CEDEX F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Younes El Omari
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, CEDEX F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Livi
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, CEDEX F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
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Pasha HY, Mohtasebi SS, Taherimehr M, Tabatabaeekoloor R, Firouz MS, Javadi A. New poly(lactic acid)-based nanocomposite films for food packaging applications. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-023-01170-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Istratov V, Gomzyak V, Vasnev V, Baranov OV, Mezhuev Y, Gritskova I. Branched Amphiphilic Polylactides as a Polymer Matrix Component for Biodegradable Implants. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051315. [PMID: 36904556 PMCID: PMC10007683 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of biocompatibility, biodegradability, and high mechanical strength has provided a steady growth in interest in the synthesis and application of lactic acid-based polyesters for the creation of implants. On the other hand, the hydrophobicity of polylactide limits the possibilities of its use in biomedical fields. The ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide, catalyzed by tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate in the presence of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, and an ester of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ester and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid accompanied by the introduction of a pool of hydrophilic groups, that reduce the contact angle, were considered. The structures of the synthesized amphiphilic branched pegylated copolylactides were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The resulting amphiphilic copolylactides, with a narrow MWD (1.14-1.22) and molecular weight of 5000-13,000, were used to prepare interpolymer mixtures with PLLA. Already, with the introduction of 10 wt% branched pegylated copolylactides, PLLA-based films had reduced brittleness, hydrophilicity, with a water contact angle of 71.9-88.5°, and increased water absorption. An additional decrease in the water contact angle, of 66.1°, was achieved by filling the mixed polylactide films with 20 wt% hydroxyapatite, which also led to a moderate decrease in strength and ultimate tensile elongation. At the same time, the PLLA modification did not have a significant effect on the melting point and the glass transition temperature; however, the filling with hydroxyapatite increased the thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Istratov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Baumanskaya 2-ya Str., 5/1, 105005 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Vitaliy Gomzyak
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Macromolecular Compounds, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Vernadskogo Avenue 78, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valerii Vasnev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Baranov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biomaterials, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq., 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.I.); (Y.M.)
| | - Inessa Gritskova
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Macromolecular Compounds, MIREA—Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA), Vernadskogo Avenue 78, 119454 Moscow, Russia
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Bakr EA, Gaber M, Saad DR, Salahuddin N. Comparative study between two different morphological structures based on polylactic acid, nanocellulose and magnetite for co-delivery of flurouracil and curcumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123315. [PMID: 36708892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose was extracted from mango fibers and subjected to acid hydrolysis to obtain a nanofiber. Two morphological structures based on the polylactic acid (PLA)/nanocellulose (NC) combination have been synthesized and Fe3O4 NPs (M) are incorporated into both combinations. The first formulation is obtained by blending technique (PLA/M-NC) and the second formulation is obtained by self-assembly of grafted copolymer (M-PLA-co-NC). The magnetic nanocomposites are used as carriers for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an anti-cancer drug, and curcumin (CUR) to get PLA/M-NC/5-FU/CUR and M-PLA-co-NC/5-FU/CUR. The structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of the obtained nanocomposites were characterized by various techniques. The loading, release of 5-FU/CUR and the inhibition efficacy of nanocarriers loaded drugs against bacteria, HePG-2, MCF-7, and HCT-116 cell lines were studied. The two morphological forms of nanocarriers are considered close in loading % of 5-FU; however, the M-PLA-co-NC nanocarrier loaded double the loading % of CUR into PLA/M-NC nanocarrier, revealing superiority of copolymeric micelle than the blended formulation. The dual drugs loaded magnetic copolymeric micelles M-PLA-co-NC/5-FU/CUR revealed slower release, higher antibacterial and antitumor efficacy than the PLA/M-NC/5-FU/CUR. In this respect, the M-PLA-co-NC/5-FU/CUR could be considered a good nanomedicine against Streptococcus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli bacteria, besides the investigated cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Bakr
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - M Gaber
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina R Saad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nehal Salahuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
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Chopra S, Pande K, Puranam P, Deshmukh AD, Bhone A, Kale R, Galande A, Mehtre B, Tagad J, Tidake S. Explication of mechanism governing atmospheric degradation of 3D-printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with different in-fill pattern and varying in-fill density. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7135-7152. [PMID: 36875872 PMCID: PMC9982827 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the popularity of 3D-printing technology, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has become a very good option for layer by layer printing as it is easy to handle, environment friendly, has low costs and most importantly, it is highly adaptable to different materials including carbon, nylon and some other fibres. PLA is an aliphatic poly-ester that is 100% bio-based and is bio-degradable as well. It is one of the rare bio-polymers to compete with traditional polymers in terms of performance and environmental impact. However, PLA is sensitive to water and susceptible to degradation under natural conditions of ultra-violet rays (UV), humidity, fumes, etc. There are many reports on the bio-degradation and photo-degradation of PLA which deal with the accelerated weathering test. However, the accelerated weathering test instruments lack the ability to correlate the stabilities maintained by the test with the actual occurrences during natural exposure. Thus, an attempt has been made in the present work to expose the 3D-printed PLA samples to actual atmospheric conditions of Aurangabad city (M.S.) in India. The degradation of PLA after the exposure is studied and a mechanism is elucidated. Additionally, the tensile properties of the PLA samples are evaluated to correlate the extent of degradation and the material performance. It was found that though the performance of PLA deteriorates with the exposure time, the combination of in-fill pattern and volume plays an important role on the tensile properties and the extent of degradation. It is concluded herein that with natural exposure, the degradation of PLA occurs in two stages, supported by a side reaction. Thus, this study offers a new perspective towards the life of components in actual application by exposing PLA to the natural atmosphere and evaluating its strength and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swamini Chopra
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Kavita Pande
- Director, Matverse Vision Pvt. Ltd. Nagpur India
| | - Priadarshni Puranam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marathwada Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Abhay D Deshmukh
- Department of Physics, Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University Nagpur India
| | - Avinash Bhone
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Rameshwar Kale
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Abhishek Galande
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Balaji Mehtre
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Jaydeep Tagad
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
| | - Shrikant Tidake
- Centre of Excellence in Materials and Metallurgy, Mechanical Engineering Department, Maharashtra Institute of Technology Aurangabad India
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Kumar R, Alex Y, Nayak B, Mohanty S. Effect of poly (ethylene glycol) on 3D printed PLA/PEG blend: A study of physical, mechanical characterization and printability assessment. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105813. [PMID: 37015146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The growing popularity of additive manufacturing in the science, industry is associated with high-quality products for futuristic applications. This study presents an in-depth characterization and analysis of the effect of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) having molecular weight 6000 g/mol used with various concentrations (1%,3%,5%) to modify the 3D printed Polylactide (PLA) part. The influence of PEG on the morphology, structure, thermal, wettability and mechanical properties of the 3D-printed PLA/PEG part was investigated. Herein, the mechanical property of injection moulding, 3D printed specimens, and finite element analysis (FEA) simulation results were also compared. The structure and properties of PLA/PEG blends were different from those of virgin PLA. By DSC analysis, it was found that the glass transition temperature (Tg) and cold crystallization temperature decreased in the case of the PLA/PEG blend. From TGA it was observed that PLA/PEG blend was thermally stable. It was shown that with the addition of PEG into PLA the tensile strength and young's modulus decrease, whereas elongation percentage and impact strength increase predominantly. The contact angle results indicate that the addition of PEG lowers the contact angle value of the PLA/PEG blend (from 69.32 ± 1.4° to 45.67 ± 1.2°) and increases surface wettability. With 5% PEG loading, PLA/PEG blend showed optimum structural and mechanical properties together with simple processibility.
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48
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Ali IH, Khalil IA, El-Sherbiny IM. Design, development, in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of polylactic acid-based multifunctional nanofibrous patches for efficient healing of diabetic wounds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3215. [PMID: 36828848 PMCID: PMC9958191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired healing of diabetic ulcers is one of the major complications of diabetic patients due to high susceptibility to microbial infections, impaired lymphianogenesis, edema, and consequently impairing proper healing. This could even lead to much worse complications that include severe gangrene, trauma and finally limb amputation. Therefore, this study aims to develop a multilayered durable nanofibrous wound patch loaded with three promising drugs (phenytoin, sildenafil citrate and simvastatin) each in a separate layer to target a different wound healing phase. Polylactic acid was used for the preparation of the nanofibrous matrix of the wound patch, where each drug was incorporated in a separate layer during the preparation process. Drugs release profiles were studied over 3 weeks. Results showed that both phenytoin and simvastatin were released within 14 days while sildenafil continued till 21 days. Both physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of the patches were fully assessed as well as their biodegradability, swellability, breathability and porosity. Results showed that incorporation of drugs preserved the physicochemical and mechanical properties as well as porosity of the developed nanofibers. In addition, patches were evaluated for their biocompatibility and cell adhesion capability before being tested through in-vivo diabetic wound rat model induced by alloxan for three weeks. In vivo results showed that the patches were successful in inducing proper wound healing in diabetic rat model with overcoming the above-mentioned obstacles within 3 weeks. This was confirmed through assessing wound closure as well as from histopathological studies that showed complete healing with proper cell regeneration and arrangement without forming scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra H Ali
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Islam A Khalil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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Cetiner B, Sahin Dundar G, Yusufoglu Y, Saner Okan B. Sustainable Engineered Design and Scalable Manufacturing of Upcycled Graphene Reinforced Polylactic Acid/Polyurethane Blend Composites Having Shape Memory Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051085. [PMID: 36904326 PMCID: PMC10007146 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Material design in shape memory polymers (SMPs) carries significant importance in attaining high performance and adjusting the interface between additive and host polymer matrix to increase the degree of recovery. Herein, the main challenge is to enhance the interfacial interactions to provide reversibility during deformation. The present work describes a newly designed composite structure by manufacturing a high-degree biobased and thermally induced shape memory polylactic acid (PLA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blend incorporated with graphene nanoplatelets obtained from waste tires. In this design, blending with TPU enhances flexibility, and adding GNP provides functionality in terms of mechanical and thermal properties by enhancing circularity and sustainability approaches. The present work provides a scalable compounding approach for industrial applications of GNP at high shear rates during the melt mixing of single/blend polymer matrices. By evaluating the mechanical performance of the PLA and TPU blend composite composition at a 9:1 weight percentage, the optimum GNP amount was defined as 0.5 wt%. The flexural strength of the developed composite structure was enhanced by 24% and the thermal conductivity by 15%. In addition, a 99.8% shape fixity ratio and a 99.58% recovery ratio were attained within 4 min, resulting in the spectacular enhancement of GNP attainment. This study provides an opportunity to understand the acting mechanism of upcycled GNP in improving composite formulations and to develop a new perspective on the sustainability of PLA/TPU blend composites with an increased biobased degree and shape memory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Cetiner
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Manufacturing Technologies, Sabanci University, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Gulayse Sahin Dundar
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Manufacturing Technologies, Sabanci University, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yusufoglu
- Adel Kalemcilik Ticaret ve Sanayi A.S., Kocaeli 41480, Turkey
| | - Burcu Saner Okan
- Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center & Composite Technologies Center of Excellence, Manufacturing Technologies, Sabanci University, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Correspondence:
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50
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Influence of Co doping on phase, structure and electrochemical properties of hydrothermally obtained Co xZn 1-xFe 2O 4 (x = 0.0-0.4) nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2531. [PMID: 36782044 PMCID: PMC9925717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, CoxZn1-xFe2O4 (x = 0.0-0.4) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 200 °C for 12 h. X-ray diffraction revealed a pure cubic spinel phase of all samples with space group Fd-3m. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry disclosed the vibrational modes of metal oxides in the spinel structure. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy disclosed a uniform distribution of cuboidal shape NPs with a decreased average NPs size from 22.72 ± 0.62 to 20.85 ± 0.47 nm as the Co content increased. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy results confirmed the presence of Zn2+, Co2+ and Fe2+/Fe3+ in Co-doped samples. The pore volume, pore size and specific surface area were determined using N2 gas adsorption/desorption isotherms by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) techniques. Electrochemical properties of supercapacitors, having active CoxZn1-xFe2O4 (x = 0.0-0.4) NPs as working electrodes, indicated pseudo-capacitor performance related to the Faradaic redox reaction. Interestingly, the highest specific capacitance (Csc), 855.33 F/g at 1 A/g, with a capacity retention of 90.41% after 1000 GCD cycle testing was achieved in the Co0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4 electrode.
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