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Porfiryeva NN, Zlotver I, Davidovich-Pinhas M, Sosnik A. Mucus-Mimicking Mucin-Based Hydrogels by Tandem Chemical and Physical Crosslinking. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2400028. [PMID: 38511568 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues represent a major interface between the body and the external environment and are covered by a highly hydrated mucins gel called mucus. Mucus lubricates, protects and modulates the moisture levels of the tissue and is capitalized in transmucosal drug delivery. Pharmaceutical researchers often use freshly excised animal mucosal membranes to assess mucoadhesion and muco-penetration of pharmaceutical formulations which may struggle with limited accessibility, reproducibility, and ethical questions. Aiming to develop a platform for the rationale study of the interaction of drugs and delivery systems with mucosal tissues, in this work mucus-mimicking mucin-based hydrogels are synthesized by the tandem chemical and physical crosslinking of mucin aqueous solutions. Chemical crosslinking is achieved with glutaraldehyde (0.3% and 0.75% w/v), while physical crosslinking by one or two freeze-thawing cycles. Hydrogels after one freeze-thawing cycle show water content of 97.6-98.1%, density of 0.0529-0.0648 g cm⁻3, and storage and loss moduli of ≈40-60 and ≈3-5 Pa, respectively, that resemble the properties of native gastrointestinal mucus. The mechanical stability of the hydrogels increases over the number of freeze-thawing cycles. Overall results highlight the potential of this simple, reproducible, and scalable method to produce artificial mucus-mimicking hydrogels for different applications in pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N Porfiryeva
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Ivan Zlotver
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Maya Davidovich-Pinhas
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
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2
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Bej R, Stevens CA, Nie C, Ludwig K, Degen GD, Kerkhoff Y, Pigaleva M, Adler JM, Bustos NA, Page TM, Trimpert J, Block S, Kaufer BB, Ribbeck K, Haag R. Mucus-Inspired Self-Healing Hydrogels: A Protective Barrier for Cells against Viral Infection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401745. [PMID: 38815174 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Mucus is a dynamic biological hydrogel, composed primarily of the glycoprotein mucin, exhibits unique biophysical properties and forms a barrier protecting cells against a broad-spectrum of viruses. Here, this work develops a polyglycerol sulfate-based dendronized mucin-inspired copolymer (MICP-1) with ≈10% repeating units of activated disulfide as cross-linking sites. Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) analysis of MICP-1 reveals an elongated single-chain fiber morphology. MICP-1 shows potential inhibitory activity against many viruses such as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and SARS-CoV-2 (including variants such as Delta and Omicron). MICP-1 produces hydrogels with viscoelastic properties similar to healthy human sputum and with tuneable microstructures using linear and branched polyethylene glycol-thiol (PEG-thiol) as cross-linkers. Single particle tracking microrheology, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) are used to characterize the network structures. The synthesized hydrogels exhibit self-healing properties, along with viscoelastic properties that are tuneable through reduction. A transwell assay is used to investigate the hydrogel's protective properties against viral infection against HSV-1. Live-cell microscopy confirms that these hydrogels can protect underlying cells from infection by trapping the virus, due to both network morphology and anionic multivalent effects. Overall, this novel mucin-inspired copolymer generates mucus-mimetic hydrogels on a multi-gram scale. These hydrogels can be used as models for disulfide-rich airway mucus research, and as biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bej
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Corey Alfred Stevens
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chuanxiong Nie
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Ludwig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - George D Degen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yannic Kerkhoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Pigaleva
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia M Adler
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 7-13, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole A Bustos
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Taylor M Page
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Trimpert
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 7-13, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Block
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt B Kaufer
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 7-13, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Ribbeck
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Arenhoevel J, Schmitt AC, Kerkhoff Y, Ahmadi V, Quaas E, Ludwig K, Achazi K, Nie C, Bej R, Haag R. Mucin-Inspired Polymeric Fibers for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Inhibition. Macromol Biosci 2024:e2400120. [PMID: 38801012 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mucus lines the epithelial cells at the biological interface and is the first line of defense against multiple viral infections. Mucins, the gel-forming components of mucus, are high molecular weight glycoproteins and crucial for preventing infections by binding pathogens. Consequently, mimicking mucins is a promising strategy for new synthetic virus inhibitors. In this work, synthetic mucin-inspired polymers (MIPs) as potential inhibitors of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) are investigated. By using a telechelic reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization technique, a new dendronized polysulfate p(G1AAm-OSO3)PDS with an amide-backbone similar to the native mucin glycoproteins is synthesized. p(G1AAm-OSO3)PDS shows mucin-like elongated fiber structure, as revealed in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging, and its HSV-1 inhibition activity together with its previously reported methacrylate analogue p(G1MA-OSO3)PDS is tested. Both of the sulfated MIPs show strong HSV-1 inhibition in plaque reduction assays with IC50 values in lower nanomolar range (<3 × 10-9 m) and demonstrate a high cell compatibility (CC50 > 1.0 mg mL-1) with lower anticoagulant activity than heparin. In addition, the prophylactic and therapeutic activity of both MIPs is assessed in pre- and post-infection inhibition assays and clearly visualize their high potential for application using fluorescent microscopy imaging of infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Arenhoevel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann-Cathrin Schmitt
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yannic Kerkhoff
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vahid Ahmadi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Quaas
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Ludwig
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chuanxiong Nie
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raju Bej
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Winter C, Tetyczka C, Pham DT, Kolb D, Leitinger G, Schönfelder S, Kunert O, Gerlza T, Kungl A, Bucar F, Roblegg E. Investigation of Hydrocolloid Plant Polysaccharides as Potential Candidates to Mimic the Functions of MUC5B in Saliva. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:682. [PMID: 38794344 PMCID: PMC11124828 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The successful substitution of complex physiological fluids, such as human saliva, remains a major challenge in drug development. Although there are a large number of saliva substitutes on the market, their efficacy is often inadequate due to short residence time in the mouth, unpleasant mouthfeel, or insufficient protection of the teeth. Therefore, systems need to be identified that mimic the functions of saliva, in particular the salivary mucin MUC5B and the unique physiological properties of saliva. To this end, plant extracts known to contain hydrocolloid polysaccharides and to have mucus-forming properties were studied to evaluate their suitability as saliva substitutes. The aqueous plant extracts of Calendula officinalis, Fucus sp. thalli, and lichenan from Lichen islandicus were examined for composition using a range of techniques, including GC-MS, NMR, SEC, assessment of pH, osmolality, buffering capacity, viscoelasticity, viscoelastic interactions with human saliva, hydrocolloid network formation, and in vitro cell adhesion. For this purpose, a physiologically adapted adhesive test was developed using human buccal epithelial cells. The results show that lichenan is the most promising candidate to mimic the properties of MUC5B. By adjusting the pH, osmolality, and buffering capacity with K2HPO4, it was shown that lichenan exhibited high cell adhesion, with a maximum detachment force that was comparable to that of unstimulated whole mouth saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Winter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; (C.W.); (C.T.)
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolin Tetyczka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; (C.W.); (C.T.)
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Duy Toan Pham
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam;
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/VI, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/V, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Sandra Schönfelder
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Olaf Kunert
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; (O.K.); (T.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Tanja Gerlza
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; (O.K.); (T.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Andreas Kungl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; (O.K.); (T.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Franz Bucar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; (C.W.); (C.T.)
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Ezeh CK, Dibua MEU. Anti-biofilm, drug delivery and cytotoxicity properties of dendrimers. ADMET AND DMPK 2024; 12:239-267. [PMID: 38720923 PMCID: PMC11075165 DOI: 10.5599/admet.1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Treatments using antimicrobial agents have faced many difficulties as a result of biofilm formation by pathogenic microorganisms. The biofilm matrix formed by these microorganisms prevents antimicrobial agents from penetrating the interior where they can exact their activity effectively. Additionally, extracellular polymeric molecules associated with biofilm surfaces can absorb antimicrobial compounds, lowering their bioavailability. This problem has resulted in the quest for alternative treatment protocols, and the development of nanomaterials and devices through nanotechnology has recently been on the rise. Research approach The literature on dendrimers was searched for in databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Key results As a nanomaterial, dendrimers have found useful applications as a drug delivery vehicle for antimicrobial agents against biofilm-mediated infections to circumvent these defense mechanisms. The distinctive properties of dendrimers, such as multi-valency, biocompatibility, high water solubility, non-immunogenicity, and biofilm matrix-/cell membrane fusogenicity (ability to merge with intracellular membrane or other proteins), significantly increase the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and reduce the likelihood of recurring infections. Conclusion This review outlines the current state of dendrimer carriers for biofilm treatments, provides examples of their real-world uses, and examines potential drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K. Ezeh
- University of Nigeria, Department of Microbiology, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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6
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Song X, Man J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Chen Y. Design, preparation, and characterization of lubricating polymer brushes for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:76-105. [PMID: 38128641 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The lubrication modification of biomedical devices significantly enhances the functionality of implanted interventional medical devices, thereby providing additional benefits for patients. Polymer brush coating provides a convenient and efficient method for surface modification while ensuring the preservation of the substrate's original properties. The current research has focused on a "trial and error" method to finding polymer brushes with superior lubricity qualities, which is time-consuming and expensive, as obtaining effective and long-lasting lubricity properties for polymer brushes is difficult. This review summarizes recent research advances in the biomedical field in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of lubricating and antifouling polymer brushes, which follow the polymer brush development process. This review begins by examining various approaches to polymer brush design, including molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning, from the fundamentals of polymer brush lubrication. Recent advancements in polymer brush design are then synthesized and potential avenues for future research are explored. Emphasis is placed on the burgeoning field of zwitterionic polymer brushes, and highlighting the broad prospects of supramolecular polymer brushes based on host-guest interactions in the field of self-repairing polymer brush applications. The review culminates by providing a summary of methodologies for characterizing the structural and functional attributes of polymer brushes. It is believed that a development approach for polymer brushes based on "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" can be created, easing the challenge of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricating qualities and enabling the on-demand creation of coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomedical devices have severe lubrication modification needs, and surface lubrication modification by polymer brush coating is currently the most promising means. However, the design and preparation of polymer brushes often involves "iterative testing" to find polymer brushes with excellent lubrication properties, which is both time-consuming and expensive. This review proposes a polymer brush development process based on the "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" strategy and summarizes recent research advances and trends in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of polymer brushes. This review will help polymer brush researchers by alleviating the challenges of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricity and promises to enable the on-demand construction of polymer brush lubrication coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijian Li
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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Plotniece A, Sobolev A, Supuran CT, Carta F, Björkling F, Franzyk H, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Augustyns K, Cos P, De Vooght L, Govaerts M, Aizawa J, Tammela P, Žalubovskis R. Selected strategies to fight pathogenic bacteria. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2155816. [PMID: 36629427 PMCID: PMC9848314 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2155816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products and analogues are a source of antibacterial drug discovery. Considering drug resistance levels emerging for antibiotics, identification of bacterial metalloenzymes and the synthesis of selective inhibitors are interesting for antibacterial agent development. Peptide nucleic acids are attractive antisense and antigene agents representing a novel strategy to target pathogens due to their unique mechanism of action. Antisense inhibition and development of antisense peptide nucleic acids is a new approach to antibacterial agents. Due to the increased resistance of biofilms to antibiotics, alternative therapeutic options are necessary. To develop antimicrobial strategies, optimised in vitro and in vivo models are needed. In vivo models to study biofilm-related respiratory infections, device-related infections: ventilator-associated pneumonia, tissue-related infections: chronic infection models based on alginate or agar beads, methods to battle biofilm-related infections are discussed. Drug delivery in case of antibacterials often is a serious issue therefore this review includes overview of drug delivery nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiva Plotniece
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia,CONTACT Aiva Plotniece Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Fredrik Björkling
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Center for Peptide-Based Antibiotics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen East, Denmark
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Center for Peptide-Based Antibiotics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen East, Denmark
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Drug Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Infla-Med, Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Linda De Vooght
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthias Govaerts
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Juliana Aizawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Drug Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia,Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
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8
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Trosan P, Tang JSJ, Rosencrantz RR, Daehne L, Smaczniak AD, Staehlke S, Chea S, Fuchsluger TA. The Biocompatibility Analysis of Artificial Mucin-Like Glycopolymers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14150. [PMID: 37762451 PMCID: PMC10532372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ocular surface is covered by a tear film consisting of an aqueous/mucin phase and a superficial lipid layer. Mucins, highly O-glycosylated proteins, are responsible for lubrication and ocular surface protection. Due to contact lens wear or eye disorders, lubrication of the ocular surface can be affected. Artificial glycopolymers which mimic natural mucins could be efficient in ophthalmic therapy. Various neutral, positively, and negatively charged mucin-mimicking glycopolymers were synthesized (n = 11), cultured in different concentrations (1%, 0.1%, and 0.01% w/v) with human corneal epithelial cells (HCE), and analyzed by various cytotoxicity/viability, morphology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. Six of the eleven glycopolymers were selected for further analysis after cytotoxicity/viability assays. We showed that the six selected glycopolymers had no cytotoxic effect on HCE cells in the 0.01% w/v concentration. They did not negatively affect cell viability and displayed both morphology and characteristic markers as untreated control cells. These polymers could be used in the future as mucin-mimicking semi-synthetic materials for lubrication and protection of the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Trosan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - J. S. J. Tang
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco) Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - R. R. Rosencrantz
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco) Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Chair of Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Brandenburg University of Technology BTU, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - L. Daehne
- Surflay Nanotec GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - S. Staehlke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - S. Chea
- Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco) Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - T. A. Fuchsluger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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9
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Firoznezhad M, Abi-Rached R, Fulgheri F, Aroffu M, Leyva-Jiménez FJ, de la Luz Cádiz Gurrea M, Meloni MC, Corrias F, Escribano-Ferrer E, Peris JE, Manca ML, Manconi M. Design and in vitro effectiveness evaluation of Echium amoenum extract loaded in bioadhesive phospholipid vesicles tailored for mucosal delivery. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122650. [PMID: 36716832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A. Mey. (E. amoenum) is an herb native from Iranian shrub, and its blue-violet flowers are traditionally used as medical plants. In the present study, an antioxidant phytocomplex was extracted from the flowers of E. amoenum by ultrasounds-assisted hydroalcoholic maceration. The main components, contained in the extract, have been detected using HPLC-DAD, and rosmarinic acid was found to be the most abundant. The antioxidant power of the extract along with the phenolic content were measured using colorimetric assays. The extract was loaded in liposomes, which were enriched adding different bioadhesive polymers (i.e., mucin, xanthan gum and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt) individually or in combination. The main physico-chemical properties (i.e. size, size distribution, surface charge) of the prepared vesicles were measured as well as their stability on storage. The viscosity of dispersion and the ability of vesicles to interact with mucus were evaluated measuring their stability in a mucin dispersion and mobility in a mucin film. The biocompatibility and the ability of the formulations to protect keratinocytes from damages caused by hydrogen peroxide and to promote the cell migration were measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Firoznezhad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rita Abi-Rached
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Fulgheri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Matteo Aroffu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; NanoBioCel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science and Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), Area of Food Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo Jose Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Cristina Meloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Corrias
- Food Toxicology Unit, Department of Life and Environmental Science, University Campus of Monserrato, University of Cagliari, SS 554, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Elvira Escribano-Ferrer
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josè Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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10
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Malatani RT, Bilal S, Mahmood A, Sarfraz RM, Zafar N, Ijaz H, Rehman U, Akbar S, Alkhalidi HM, Gad HA. Development of Tofacitinib Loaded pH-Responsive Chitosan/Mucin Based Hydrogel Microparticles: In-Vitro Characterization and Toxicological Screening. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030187. [PMID: 36975636 PMCID: PMC10048094 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tofacitinib is an antirheumatic drug characterized by a short half-life and poor permeability, which necessitates the development of sustained release formulation with enhanced permeability potential. To achieve this goal, the free radical polymerization technique was employed to develop mucin/chitosan copolymer methacrylic acid (MU-CHI-Co-Poly (MAA))-based hydrogel microparticles. The developed hydrogel microparticles were characterized for EDX, FTIR, DSC, TGA, X-ray diffraction, SEM, drug loading; equilibrium swelling (%), in vitro drug release, sol–gel (%) studies, size and zeta potential, permeation, anti-arthritic activities, and acute oral toxicity studies. FTIR studies revealed the incorporation of the ingredients into the polymeric network, while EDX studies depicted the successful loading of tofacitinib into the network. The thermal analysis confirmed the heat stability of the system. SEM analysis displayed the porous structure of the hydrogels. Gel fraction showed an increasing tendency (74–98%) upon increasing the concentrations of the formulation ingredients. Formulations coated with Eudragit (2% w/w) and sodium lauryl sulfate (1% w/v) showed increased permeability. The formulations equilibrium swelling (%) increased (78–93%) at pH 7.4. Maximum drug loading and release (%) of (55.62–80.52%) and (78.02–90.56%), respectively, were noticed at pH 7.4, where the developed microparticles followed zero-order kinetics with case II transport. Anti-inflammatory studies revealed a significant dose-dependent decrease in paw edema in the rats. Oral toxicity studies confirmed the biocompatibility and non-toxicity of the formulated network. Thus, the developed pH-responsive hydrogel microparticles seem to have the potential to enhance permeability and control the delivery of tofacitinib for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania T. Malatani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Bilal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chakwal, Chakwal 48800, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.A.G.)
| | | | - Nadiah Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar, PuncakAlam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Hira Ijaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Umaira Rehman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Shehla Akbar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hala M. Alkhalidi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba A. Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.A.G.)
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11
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Wagner CE, Krupkin M, Smith-Dupont KB, Wu CM, Bustos NA, Witten J, Ribbeck K. Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Native Mucus and Reconstituted Mucin Gels. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:628-639. [PMID: 36727870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Simulating native mucus with model systems such as gels made from reconstituted mucin or commercially available polymers presents experimental advantages including greater sample availability and reduced inter- and intradonor heterogeneity. Understanding whether these gels reproduce the complex physical and biochemical properties of native mucus at multiple length scales is critical to building relevant experimental models, but few systematic comparisons have been reported. Here, we compared bulk mechanical properties, microstructure, and biochemical responses of mucus from different niches, reconstituted mucin gels (with similar pH and polymer concentrations as native tissues), and commonly used commercially available polymers. To evaluate gel properties across these length scales, we used small-amplitude oscillatory shear, single-particle tracking, and microaffinity chromatography with small analytes. With the exception of human saliva, the mechanical response of mucin gels was qualitatively similar to that of native mucus. The transport behavior of charged peptides through native mucus gels was qualitatively reproduced in gels composed of corresponding isolated mucins. Compared to native mucus, we observed substantial differences in the physicochemical properties of gels reconstituted from commercially available mucins and the substitute carboxymethylcellulose, which is currently used in artificial tear and saliva treatments. Our study highlights the importance of selecting a mucus model system guided by the length scale relevant to the scientific investigation or disease application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Wagner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Miri Krupkin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Kathryn B Smith-Dupont
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Chloe M Wu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Nicole A Bustos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Jacob Witten
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States.,Computational and Systems Biology Initiative, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Katharina Ribbeck
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
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12
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Detwiler RE, Kramer JR. Preparation and applications of artificial mucins in biomedicine. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 26:101031. [PMID: 37283850 PMCID: PMC10243510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2022.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucus is an essential barrier material that separates organisms from the outside world. This slippery material regulates the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. The surface of the cell itself is coated in a mucus-like barrier of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Mucin glycoproteins are the primary component of mucus and the epithelial glycocalyx. Aberrant mucin production is implicated in diverse disease states from cancer and inflammation to pre-term birth and infection. Biological mucins are inherently heterogenous in structure, which has challenged understanding their molecular functions as a barrier and as biochemically active proteins. Therefore, many synthetic materials have been developed as artificial mucins with precisely tunable structures. This review highlights advances in design and synthesis of artificial mucins and their application in biomedical studies of mucin chemistry, biology, and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Detwiler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R. Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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13
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Kohout VR, Wardzala CL, Kramer JR. Synthesis and biomedical applications of mucin mimic materials. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114540. [PMID: 36228896 PMCID: PMC10066857 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mucin glycoproteins are the major component of mucus and coat epithelial cell surfaces forming the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx and mucus are involved in the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. Mucins are also involved in diverse diseases such as cystic fibrosis and cancer. Due to inherent heterogeneity in native mucin structure, many synthetic materials have been designed to probe mucin chemistry, biology, and physics. Such materials include various glycopolymers, low molecular weight glycopeptides, glycopolypeptides, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein conjugates. This review highlights advances in the area of design and synthesis of mucin mimic materials, and their biomedical applications in glycan binding, epithelial models of infection, therapeutic delivery, vaccine formulation, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Kohout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Casia L Wardzala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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14
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Abstract
![]()
Mucus hydrogels at biointerfaces are crucial for protecting
against
foreign pathogens and for the biological functions of the underlying
cells. Since mucus can bind to and host both viruses and bacteria,
establishing a synthetic model system that can emulate the properties
and functions of native mucus and can be synthesized at large scale
would revolutionize the mucus-related research that is essential for
understanding the pathways of many infectious diseases. The synthesis
of such biofunctional hydrogels in the laboratory is highly challenging,
owing to their complex chemical compositions and the specific chemical
interactions that occur throughout the gel network. In this perspective,
we discuss the basic chemical structures and diverse physicochemical
interactions responsible for the unique properties and functions of
mucus hydrogels. We scrutinize the different approaches for preparing
mucus-inspired hydrogels, with specific examples. We also discuss
recent research and what it reveals about the challenges that must
be addressed and the opportunities to be considered to achieve desirable de novo synthetic mucus hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bej
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Molecular Mapping of Antifungal Mechanisms Accessing Biomaterials and New Agents to Target Oral Candidiasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147520. [PMID: 35886869 PMCID: PMC9320712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis has a high rate of development, especially in immunocompromised patients. Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapies in hospitalized HIV and cancer patients are known to induce the poor management of adverse reactions, where local and systemic candidiasis become highly resistant to conventional antifungal therapy. The development of oral candidiasis is triggered by several mechanisms that determine oral epithelium imbalances, resulting in poor local defense and a delayed immune system response. As a result, pathogenic fungi colonies disseminate and form resistant biofilms, promoting serious challenges in initiating a proper therapeutic protocol. Hence, this study of the literature aimed to discuss possibilities and new trends through antifungal therapy for buccal drug administration. A large number of studies explored the antifungal activity of new agents or synergic components that may enhance the effect of classic drugs. It was of significant interest to find connections between smart biomaterials and their activity, to find molecular responses and mechanisms that can conquer the multidrug resistance of fungi strains, and to transpose them into a molecular map. Overall, attention is focused on the nanocolloids domain, nanoparticles, nanocomposite synthesis, and the design of polymeric platforms to satisfy sustained antifungal activity and high biocompatibility with the oral mucosa.
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16
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Lema MA, Nava-Medina IB, Cerullo AR, Abdelaziz R, Jimenez SM, Geldner JB, Abdelhamid M, Kwan CS, Kharlamb L, Neary MC, Braunschweig AB. Scalable Preparation of Synthetic Mucins via Nucleophilic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Glycosylated N-Carboxyanhydrides. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Lema
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Ilse B. Nava-Medina
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Antonio R. Cerullo
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Radwa Abdelaziz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Jimenez
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Jacob B. Geldner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Chak-Shing Kwan
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Lily Kharlamb
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Michelle C. Neary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
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17
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Watchorn J, Clasky AJ, Prakash G, Johnston IAE, Chen PZ, Gu FX. Untangling Mucosal Drug Delivery: Engineering, Designing, and Testing Nanoparticles to Overcome the Mucus Barrier. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1396-1426. [PMID: 35294187 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mucus is a complex viscoelastic gel and acts as a barrier covering much of the soft tissue in the human body. High vascularization and accessibility have motivated drug delivery to various mucosal surfaces; however, these benefits are hindered by the mucus layer. To overcome the mucus barrier, many nanomedicines have been developed, with the goal of improving the efficacy and bioavailability of drug payloads. Two major nanoparticle-based strategies have emerged to facilitate mucosal drug delivery, namely, mucoadhesion and mucopenetration. Generally, mucoadhesive nanoparticles promote interactions with mucus for immobilization and sustained drug release, whereas mucopenetrating nanoparticles diffuse through the mucus and enhance drug uptake. The choice of strategy depends on many factors pertaining to the structural and compositional characteristics of the target mucus and mucosa. While there have been promising results in preclinical studies, mucus-nanoparticle interactions remain poorly understood, thus limiting effective clinical translation. This article reviews nanomedicines designed with mucoadhesive or mucopenetrating properties for mucosal delivery, explores the influence of site-dependent physiological variation among mucosal surfaces on efficacy, transport, and bioavailability, and discusses the techniques and models used to investigate mucus-nanoparticle interactions. The effects of non-homeostatic perturbations on protein corona formation, mucus composition, and nanoparticle performance are discussed in the context of mucosal delivery. The complexity of the mucosal barrier necessitates consideration of the interplay between nanoparticle design, tissue-specific differences in mucus structure and composition, and homeostatic or disease-related changes to the mucus barrier to develop effective nanomedicines for mucosal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Watchorn
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Aaron J Clasky
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Gayatri Prakash
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Ian A E Johnston
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Paul Z Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Frank X Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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18
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Tang JSJ, Smaczniak AD, Tepper L, Rosencrantz S, Aleksanyan M, Dähne L, Rosencrantz RR. Glycopolymer based LbL Multilayer Thin Films with Embedded Liposomes. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100461. [PMID: 35080349 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly emerged as an efficient technique for fabricating coating systems for, e.g., drug delivery systems with great versatility and control. In this work, we describe protecting group free and aqueous-based syntheses of bioinspired glycopolymer electrolytes. Thin films of the glycopolymers are fabricated by LbL self-assembly and function as scaffolds for liposomes, which potentially can encapsulate active substances. We investigate the adsorbed mass, pH stability and integrity of glycopolymer coatings as well as the embedded liposomes via whispering gallery mode (WGM) technology and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring, which enable label-free characterization. Glycopolymer thin films, with and without liposomes, are stable in the physiological pH range. QCM-D measurements verify the integrity of lipid vesicles. Thus, we present the fabrication of glycopolymer-based surface coatings with embedded and intact liposomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Sing Julia Tang
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Polymer Materials and Polymer Technologies, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | | | - Lucas Tepper
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
| | - Sophia Rosencrantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
| | - Mina Aleksanyan
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
| | - Lars Dähne
- Surflay Nanotec GmbH, Max-Planck Straße 3, Berlin, 12489, Germany
| | - Ruben R Rosencrantz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco)Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
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19
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Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Neufurth M, Wang X. An unexpected biomaterial against SARS-CoV-2: Bio-polyphosphate blocks binding of the viral spike to the cell receptor. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2021; 51:504-524. [PMID: 34366696 PMCID: PMC8326012 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
No other virus after the outbreak of the influenza pandemic of 1918 affected the world's population as hard as the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The identification of effective agents/materials to prevent or treat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent global need. This review aims to survey novel strategies based on inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a biologically formed but also synthetically available polyanionic polymeric material, which has the potential of being a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 virus-cell-docking machinery. This virus attaches to the host cell surface receptor ACE2 with its receptor binding domain (RBD), which is present at the tips of the viral envelope spike proteins. On the surface of the RBD an unusually conserved cationic groove is exposed, which is composed of basic amino acids (Arg, Lys, and His). This pattern of cationic amino acids, the cationic groove, matches spatially with the anionic polymeric material, with polyP, allowing an electrostatic interaction. In consequence, the interaction between the RBD and ACE2 is potently blocked. PolyP is a physiological inorganic polymer, synthesized by cells and especially enriched in the blood platelets, which releases metabolically useful energy through enzymatic degradation and coupled ADP/ATP formation. In addition, this material upregulates the steady-state-expression of the mucin genes in the epithelial cells. We propose that polyP, with its two antiviral properties (blocking the binding of the virus to the cells and reinforcing the defense barrier against infiltration of the virus) has the potential to be a novel protective/therapeutic anti-COVID-19 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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20
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21
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Arnhold J. Heme Peroxidases at Unperturbed and Inflamed Mucous Surfaces. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111805. [PMID: 34829676 PMCID: PMC8614983 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In our organism, mucous surfaces are important boundaries against the environmental milieu with defined fluxes of metabolites through these surfaces and specific rules for defense reactions. Major mucous surfaces are formed by epithelia of the respiratory system and the digestive tract. The heme peroxidases lactoperoxidase (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) contribute to immune protection at epithelial surfaces and in secretions. Whereas LPO is secreted from epithelial cells and maintains microbes in surface linings on low level, MPO and EPO are released from recruited neutrophils and eosinophils, respectively, at inflamed mucous surfaces. Activated heme peroxidases are able to oxidize (pseudo)halides to hypohalous acids and hypothiocyanite. These products are involved in the defense against pathogens, but can also contribute to cell and tissue damage under pathological conditions. This review highlights the beneficial and harmful functions of LPO, MPO, and EPO at unperturbed and inflamed mucous surfaces. Among the disorders, special attention is directed to cystic fibrosis and allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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22
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Herrmann A, Haag R, Schedler U. Hydrogels and Their Role in Biosensing Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100062. [PMID: 33939333 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels play an important role in the field of biomedical research and diagnostic medicine. They are emerging as a powerful tool in the context of bioanalytical assays and biosensing. In this context, this review gives an overview of different hydrogels and the role they adopt in a range of applications. Not only are hydrogels beneficial for the immobilization and embedding of biomolecules, but they are also used as responsive material, as wearable devices, or as functional material. In particular, the scientific and technical progress during the last decade is discussed. The newest hydrogel types, their synthesis, and many applications are presented. Advantages and performance improvements are described, along with their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Herrmann
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy Freie Universität Berlin Takustr. 3 Berlin 14195 Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy Freie Universität Berlin Takustr. 3 Berlin 14195 Germany
| | - Uwe Schedler
- PolyAn GmbH Rudolf‐Baschant‐Straße 2 Berlin 13086 Germany
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23
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Kruger A, Brucks SD, Yan T, Cárcarmo-Oyarce G, Wei Y, Wen DH, Carvalho DR, Hore MJA, Ribbeck K, Schrock RR, Kiessling LL. Stereochemical Control Yields Mucin Mimetic Polymers. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:624-630. [PMID: 34056092 PMCID: PMC8155468 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
All animals except sponges produce mucus. Across the animal kingdom, this hydrogel mediates surface wetting, viscosity, and protection against microbes. The primary components of mucus hydrogels are mucins-high molecular weight O-glycoproteins that adopt extended linear structures. Glycosylation is integral to mucin function, but other characteristics that give rise to their advantageous biological activities are unknown. We postulated that the extended conformation of mucins is critical for their ability to block microbial virulence phenotypes. To test this hypothesis, we developed synthetic mucin mimics that recapitulate the dense display of glycans and morphology of mucin. We varied the catalyst in a ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to generate substituted norbornene-derived glycopolymers containing either cis- or trans-alkenes. Conformational analysis of the polymers based on allylic strain suggested that cis- rather than trans-poly(norbornene) glycopolymers would adopt linear structures that mimic mucins. High-resolution atomic force micrographs of our polymers and natively purified Muc2, Muc5AC, and Muc5B mucins revealed that cis-polymers adopt extended, mucin-like structures. The cis-polymers retained this structure in solution and were more water-soluble than their trans-analogs. Consistent with mucin's linear morphology, cis-glycopolymers were more potent binders of a bacterial virulence factor, cholera toxin. Our findings highlight the importance of the polymer backbone in mucin surrogate design and underscore the significance of the extended mucin backbone for inhibiting virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin
G. Kruger
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Spencer D. Brucks
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tao Yan
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gerardo Cárcarmo-Oyarce
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Deborah H. Wen
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dayanne R. Carvalho
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael J. A. Hore
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Katharina Ribbeck
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Laura L. Kiessling
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Liu X, Zhao F, Liu H, Xie Y, Zhao D, Li C. Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the adaption of Akkermansia muciniphila to high mucin by regulating energy homeostasis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9073. [PMID: 33907216 PMCID: PMC8079684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In gut, Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) probably exerts its probiotic activities by the positive modulation of mucus thickness and gut barrier integrity. However, the potential mechanisms between A. muciniphila and mucin balance have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we cultured the bacterium in a BHI medium containing 0% to 0.5% mucin, and transcriptome and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were performed. We found that 0.5% (m/v) mucin in a BHI medium induced 1191 microbial genes to be differentially expressed, and 49 metabolites to be changed. The metabolites of sorbose, mannose, 2,7-anhydro-β-sedoheptulose, fructose, phenylalanine, threonine, lysine, ornithine, asparagine, alanine and glutamic acid were decreased by 0.5% mucin, while the metabolites of leucine, valine and N-acetylneuraminic acid were increased. The association analysis between transcriptome and metabolome revealed that A. muciniphila gave strong responses to energy metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and galactose metabolism pathways to adapt to high mucin in the medium. This finding showed that only when mucin reached a certain concentration in a BHI medium, A. muciniphila could respond to the culture environment significantly at the level of genes and metabolites, and changed its metabolic characteristics by altering the effect on carbohydrates and amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Meat Production, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Meat Production, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Meat Production, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunting Xie
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Meat Production, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Meat Production, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Meat Production, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1#, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Fusconi M, Meliante PG, Pagliuca G, Greco A, de Vincentiis M, Polimeni A, Musy I, Candelori F, Gallo A. Interpretation of the mucous plug through sialendoscopy. Oral Dis 2021; 28:384-389. [PMID: 33547856 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this manuscript is to highlight the behaviour of mucus inside the ducts of the major salivary glands, in presence of typical pathologies, through images obtained with sialendoscopy. SUBJECT The authors present and comment on some sialendoscopies that show mucous plug in the ducts of the major salivary glands. RESULTS In primary Sjogren's syndrome, mucous plugs confirm the qualitative anomaly of the mucins and acidification saliva. Instead, salivary calculations behave like foreign bodies that generate mechanical pressure and friction on the duct walls of major salivary glands, so mucus deposits in the duct in its defence; in case of infected stone, mucous plugs are formed also with the function of protecting the ducts from the aggression of germs. During sialadenitis, there is a conflict between mucus and bacteria which explains sialendoscopic evidence such as white duct walls and mucous plugs. CONCLUSIONS The study of the salivary ducts through sialendoscopy often confirms the clinical diagnosis or hypothesize it. During its execution, it is necessary not only to liberate the ducts of the major salivary glands but also analyse the appearance of the mucous plugs and the ductal walls as they are useful to guide the physician towards diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Fusconi
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero G Meliante
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Pagliuca
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine Latina, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome La Sapienza, Latina, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco de Vincentiis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isotta Musy
- Unit of ENT Central Management of Health, Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Gallo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine Latina, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome La Sapienza, Latina, Italy
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26
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Fusconi M, Candelori F, Weiss L, Riccio A, Priori R, Businaro R, Mastromanno L, Musy I, de Vincentiis M, Greco A. Qualitative mucin disorders in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: a literature review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021; 26:e71-e77. [PMID: 33247578 PMCID: PMC7806352 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is a common opinion that Primary Sjögren Syndrome (pSS) damages the exocrine glands and determines the reduction of secreted saliva, some studies show that there are qualitative anomalies of the mucins produced in saliva, including MUC7, MUC5B, MUC1. The purpose of this study is to trace all the information useful to establish whether there is a qualitative or quantitative defect of the mucins in the pSS.
Material and Methods We reviewed the literature by looking for publications relevant to the topic in electronic databases. Sixteen articles met the search criteria. The studies were divided into two categories, those that studied the rheological characteristics of the saliva and those that studied the structural and / or metabolism modifications of the muciparous cells in the salivary glands.
Results in Patients with pSS, xerostomia and the reduction of salivary spinnbarkeit are only partially related to the reduction of the unstimulated salivary flow. In pSS, pathological alterations of mucins’ chemical-physical properties prevail as a cause of the clinical characteristics. Moreover, in pSS there are structural and metabolism changes in salivary glands’ muciparous cells.
Conclusions There is much evidence that supports the presence of qualitative alterations in the saliva’s rheological properties in Patients with pSS, and these are the main cause, more than the reduction of the unstimulated salivary flow, of the disease clinical characteristics - dry mouth and complications in the oral cavity. Therefore we propose to add to the classification criteria of pSS also a qualitative test of salivary glycoproteins. Key words:Primary Sjögren's syndrome, mucin, MUC7, MUC5B, MUC1, sulphate oligosaccharides.
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27
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Kim J, Lee B, Lee J, Ji M, Park CS, Lee J, Kang M, Kim J, Jin M, Kim HH. N-Glycan Modifications with Negative Charge in a Natural Polymer Mucin from Bovine Submaxillary Glands, and Their Structural Role. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:polym13010103. [PMID: 33383793 PMCID: PMC7796149 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) is a natural polymer used in biomaterial applications for its viscoelasticity, lubricity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. N-glycans are important for mucin stability and function, but their structures have not been fully characterized, unlike that of O-glycans. In this study, BSM N-glycans were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The microheterogeneous structures of 32 N-glycans were identified, and the quantities (%) of each N-glycan relative to total N-glycans (100%) were obtained. The terminal N-acetylgalactosamines in 12 N-glycans (sum of relative quantities; 27.9%) were modified with mono- (10 glycans) and disulfations (2 glycans). Total concentration of all sulfated N-glycans was 6.1 pmol in BSM (20 µg), corresponding to 25.3% of all negatively charged glycans (sum of present N-glycans and reported O-glycans). No N-glycans with sialylated or phosphorylated forms were identified, and sulfate modification ions were the only negative charges in BSM N-glycans. Mucin structures, including sulfated N-glycans located in the hydrophobic terminal regions, were indicated. This is the first study to identify the structures and quantities of 12 sulfated N-glycans in natural mucins. These sulfations play important structural roles in hydration, viscoelasticity control, protection from bacterial sialidases, and polymer stabilization to support the functionality of BSM via electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Byoungju Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Junmyoung Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Minkyoo Ji
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Chi Soo Park
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jaeryong Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Minju Kang
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jeongeun Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Mijung Jin
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ha Hyung Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.); (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.J.)
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5612
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28
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Kwan CS, Cerullo AR, Braunschweig AB. Design and Synthesis of Mucin-Inspired Glycopolymers. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2704-2721. [PMID: 33346954 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are bottlebrush biopolymers that are glycoproteins on the surfaces of cells and as hydrogels secreted inside and outside the body. Mucin function in biology includes cell-cell recognition, signaling, protection, adhesion, and lubrication. Because of their attractive and diverse properties, mucins have recently become the focus of synthetic efforts by researchers who hope to understand and emulate these biomaterials. This review is focused on the development of methodologies for preparing mucin-inspired synthetic oligomers and glycopolymers, including solid-phase synthesis, polymerization of glycosylated monomers, and post-polymerization grafting of glycans to polymer chains. How these synthetic mucins have been used in health applications is discussed. Natural mucins are formed from a conserved set of monomers that are combined into chains of different sequences and lengths to achieve materials with widely diverse properties. Adopting this design paradigm from natural mucins could lead to next-generation bioinspired synthetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chak-Shing Kwan
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Antonio R Cerullo
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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29
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30
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Chis AA, Dobrea C, Morgovan C, Arseniu AM, Rus LL, Butuca A, Juncan AM, Totan M, Vonica-Tincu AL, Cormos G, Muntean AC, Muresan ML, Gligor FG, Frum A. Applications and Limitations of Dendrimers in Biomedicine. Molecules 2020; 25:E3982. [PMID: 32882920 PMCID: PMC7504821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedicine represents one of the main study areas for dendrimers, which have proven to be valuable both in diagnostics and therapy, due to their capacity for improving solubility, absorption, bioavailability and targeted distribution. Molecular cytotoxicity constitutes a limiting characteristic, especially for cationic and higher-generation dendrimers. Antineoplastic research of dendrimers has been widely developed, and several types of poly(amidoamine) and poly(propylene imine) dendrimer complexes with doxorubicin, paclitaxel, imatinib, sunitinib, cisplatin, melphalan and methotrexate have shown an improvement in comparison with the drug molecule alone. The anti-inflammatory therapy focused on dendrimer complexes of ibuprofen, indomethacin, piroxicam, ketoprofen and diflunisal. In the context of the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, dendrimer complexes of fluoroquinolones, macrolides, beta-lactamines and aminoglycosides have shown promising effects. Regarding antiviral therapy, studies have been performed to develop dendrimer conjugates with tenofovir, maraviroc, zidovudine, oseltamivir and acyclovir, among others. Furthermore, cardiovascular therapy has strongly addressed dendrimers. Employed in imaging diagnostics, dendrimers reduce the dosage required to obtain images, thus improving the efficiency of radioisotopes. Dendrimers are macromolecular structures with multiple advantages that can suffer modifications depending on the chemical nature of the drug that has to be transported. The results obtained so far encourage the pursuit of new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Dobrea
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 2A Lucian Blaga St., 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (L.L.R.); (A.B.); (A.M.J.); (M.T.); (A.L.V.-T.); (G.C.); (A.C.M.); (M.L.M.); (F.G.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Claudiu Morgovan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 2A Lucian Blaga St., 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (L.L.R.); (A.B.); (A.M.J.); (M.T.); (A.L.V.-T.); (G.C.); (A.C.M.); (M.L.M.); (F.G.G.); (A.F.)
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31
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Cerullo AR, Lai TY, Allam B, Baer A, Barnes WJP, Barrientos Z, Deheyn DD, Fudge DS, Gould J, Harrington MJ, Holford M, Hung CS, Jain G, Mayer G, Medina M, Monge-Nájera J, Napolitano T, Espinosa EP, Schmidt S, Thompson EM, Braunschweig AB. Comparative Animal Mucomics: Inspiration for Functional Materials from Ubiquitous and Understudied Biopolymers. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5377-5398. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R. Cerullo
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Tsoi Ying Lai
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, United States
| | - Alexander Baer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - W. Jon P. Barnes
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, U.K
| | - Zaidett Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Mercedes de Montes de Oca, San José 474-2050, Costa Rica
| | - Dimitri D. Deheyn
- Marine Biology Research Division-0202, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UCSD, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Douglas S. Fudge
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - John Gould
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Harrington
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Mandë Holford
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024, United States
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Chia-Suei Hung
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Georg Mayer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Mónica Medina
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Julian Monge-Nájera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Mercedes de Montes de Oca, San José 474-2050, Costa Rica
| | - Tanya Napolitano
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, United States
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eric M. Thompson
- Sars Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, Thormøhlensgt. 55, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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Li W, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Li C, He Z, Choy WCH, Low PJ, Sonar P, Kyaw AKK. Biodegradable Materials and Green Processing for Green Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001591. [PMID: 32584502 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is little question that the "electronic revolution" of the 20th century has impacted almost every aspect of human life. However, the emergence of solid-state electronics as a ubiquitous feature of an advanced modern society is posing new challenges such as the management of electronic waste (e-waste) that will remain through the 21st century. In addition to developing strategies to manage such e-waste, further challenges can be identified concerning the conservation and recycling of scarce elements, reducing the use of toxic materials and solvents in electronics processing, and lowering energy usage during fabrication methods. In response to these issues, the construction of electronic devices from renewable or biodegradable materials that decompose to harmless by-products is becoming a topic of great interest. Such "green" electronic devices need to be fabricated on industrial scale through low-energy and low-cost methods that involve low/non-toxic functional materials or solvents. This review highlights recent advances in the development of biodegradable materials and processing strategies for electronics with an emphasis on areas where green electronic devices show the greatest promise, including solar cells, organic field-effect transistors, light-emitting diodes, and other electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yuniu Zhang
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chang'an Li
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhenfei He
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Paul J Low
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Borzouyan Dastjerdi M, Amini A, Nazari M, Cheng C, Benson V, Gholami A, Ghasemi Y. Novel versatile 3D bio-scaffold made of natural biocompatible hagfish exudate for tissue growth and organoid modeling. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:894-902. [PMID: 32387614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hagfish exudate is a natural biological macromolecule made of keratin intermediate filament protein skeins and mucin vesicles. Here, we successfully examined this remarkable biomaterial as a substrate for three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing purposes. After the sterilization with chloroform vapor, Dulbecco's modified eagle medium was mixed with the exudate to rupture the vesicles and skeins; a highly soft, adherent, fibrous and biocompatible hydrogel was formed. A variety of cells, including Hela-FUCCI, NMuMG-FUCCI, 10T1/2 and C2C12, was cultured on the hagfish exudate. A remarkable 3D growth by ~2.5 folds after day 3, ~5 folds after day 5, ~10 folds after day 7 and ~15 folds after day 14 were seen compared to day one of culturing in the hagfish exudate scaffold. In addition, the phase contrast, fluorescent and confocal microscopy observations confirmed the organoid shape formation within the three-week culture. The viability of cells was almost 100% indicating the great in vitro and in vivo potential of this exceptional biomaterial with no cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Borzouyan Dastjerdi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Abbas Amini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait; Center for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Marziyeh Nazari
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Australian College of Kuwait, Mishref, Kuwait
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Veronika Benson
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska, Czech Republic
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kim J, Ryu C, Ha J, Lee J, Kim D, Ji M, Park CS, Lee J, Kim DK, Kim HH. Structural and Quantitative Characterization of Mucin-Type O-Glycans and the Identification of O-Glycosylation Sites in Bovine Submaxillary Mucin. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040636. [PMID: 32326134 PMCID: PMC7226346 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) is a gel-forming glycoprotein polymer, and Ser/Thr-linked glycans (O-glycans) are important in regulating BSM's viscoelasticity and polymerization. However, details of O-glycosylation have not been reported. This study investigates the structural and quantitative characteristics of O-glycans and identifies O-glycosylation sites in BSM using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The O-glycans (consisting of di- to octa-saccharides) and their quantities (%) relative to total O-glycans (100%; 1.1 pmol per 1 μg of BSM) were identified with 14 major (>1.0%), 12 minor (0.1%-1.0%), and eight trace (<0.1%) O-glycans, which were characterized based on their constituents (sialylation (14 O-glycans; 81.9%, sum of relative quantities of each glycan), non-sialylation (20; 18.1%), fucosylation (20; 17.5%), and terminal-galactosylation (6; 3.6%)) and six core structure types [Gal-GalNAc, Gal-(GlcNAc)GalNAc, GlcNAc-GalNAc, GlcNAc-(GlcNAc)GalNAc, and GalNAc-GalNAc]. O-glycosylation sites were identified using O-glycopeptides (bold underlined; 56SGETRTSVI, 259SHSSSGRSRTI, 272GSPSSVSSAEQI, 307RPSYGAL, 625QTLGPL, 728TMTTRTSVVV, and 1080RPEDNTAVA) obtained from proteolytic BSM; these sites are in the four domains of BSM. The gel-forming mucins share common domain structures and glycosylation patterns; these results could provide useful information on mucin-type O-glycans. This is the first study to characterize O-glycans and identify O-glycosylation sites in BSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Changsoo Ryu
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Jongkwan Ha
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Junmyoung Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Minkyoo Ji
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Chi Soo Park
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Jaeryong Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Dae Kyong Kim
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.K.); (H.H.K.); Tel.: +82-02-820-5610 (D.K.K.); +82-02-820-5612 (H.H.K.)
| | - Ha Hyung Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (J.K.); (C.R.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (D.K.); (M.J.); (C.S.P.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.K.); (H.H.K.); Tel.: +82-02-820-5610 (D.K.K.); +82-02-820-5612 (H.H.K.)
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Josenhans C, Müthing J, Elling L, Bartfeld S, Schmidt H. How bacterial pathogens of the gastrointestinal tract use the mucosal glyco-code to harness mucus and microbiota: New ways to study an ancient bag of tricks. Int J Med Microbiol 2020; 310:151392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Sarkar A, Xu F, Lee S. Human saliva and model saliva at bulk to adsorbed phases - similarities and differences. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 273:102034. [PMID: 31518820 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human saliva, a seemingly simple aqueous fluid, is, in fact, an extraordinarily complex biocolloid that is not fully understood, despite many decades of study. Salivary lubrication is widely believed to be a signature of good oral health and is also crucial for speech, food oral processing and swallowing. However, saliva has been often neglected in food colloid research, primarily due to its high intra- to inter-individual variability and altering material properties upon collection and storage, when used as an ex vivo research material. In the last few decades, colloid scientists have attempted designing model (i.e. 'saliva mimicking fluid') salivary formulations to understand saliva-food colloid interactions in an in vitro set up and its contribution on microstructural aspects, lubrication properties and sensory perception. In this Review, we critically examine the current state of knowledge on bulk and interfacial properties of model saliva in comparison to real human saliva and highlight how far such model salivary formulations can match the properties of real human saliva. Many, if not most, of these model saliva formulations share similarities with real human saliva in terms of biochemical compositions, including electrolytes, pH and concentrations of salivary proteins, such as α-amylase and highly glycosylated mucins. This, together with similarities between model and real saliva in terms of surface charge, has led to significant advancement in decoding various colloidal interactions (bridging, depletion) of charged emulsion droplets and associated sensory perception in the oral phase. However, model saliva represents significant dissimilarity to real saliva in terms of lubricating properties. Based on in-depth examination of properties of mucins derived from animal sources (e.g. pig gastric mucins (PGM) or bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM)), we can recommend that BSM is currently the most optimal commercially available mucin source when attempting to replicate saliva based on surface adsorption and lubrication properties. Even though purification via dialysis or chromatographic techniques may influence various physicochemical properties of BSM, such as structure and surface adsorption, the lubricating properties of model saliva formulations based on BSM are generally superior and more reliable than the PGM counterpart at orally relevant pH. Comparison of mucin-containing model saliva with ex vivo human salivary conditioning films suggests that mucin alone cannot replicate the lubricity of real human salivary pellicle. Mucin-based multi-layers containing mucin and oppositely charged polyelectrolytes may offer promising avenues in the future for engineering biomimetic salivary pellicle, however, this has not been explored in oral tribology experiments to date. Hence, there is a strong need for systematic studies with employment of model saliva formulations containing mucins with and without polycationic additives before a consensus on a standardized model salivary formulation can be achieved. Overall, this review provides the first comprehensive framework on simulating saliva for a particular bulk or surface property when doing food oral processing experiments.
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Kim J, Lee J, Jang Y, Ha J, Kim D, Ji M, Lee YK, Kim W, You S, Do J, Ryu C, Kim HH. N-glycans of bovine submaxillary mucin contain core-fucosylated and sulfated glycans but not sialylated glycans. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:1072-1078. [PMID: 31325506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) is a heavily-glycosylated macromolecular (approximately 4 MDa) protein and is used in various biomaterial applications in light of its high viscosity and biocompatibility, in addition to use as a biochemical substrate or inhibitor as a result of its abundant O-glycans. Although it has been reported that N-glycosylation provides stability of human mucins, most BSM research has been focused on its O-glycans, while N-glycans have not been reported to date. In this study, a common N-glycan core component was detected by monosaccharide analysis of BSM, and the structures of the N-glycans and their relative quantities were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Seventeen N-glycans comprising ten complex-type [Fucose0~2Hexose3~4N-acetylhexosamine1~6Sulfate0~1; 61.1% (the sum of the relative quantities of each N-glycan out of the total N-glycans)], two high-mannose-type (Hexose5~6N-acetylhexosamine2; 12.0%), and five paucimannose type (Fucose0~1Hexose3~4N-acetylhexosamine2~3; 26.9%) were identified, but no hybrid-type or sialylated N-glycans were found. Additionally, these are less-branched structures compared to human mucins. Of these, ten glycans (77.2%), including two sulfated glycans (8.0%), were core fucosylated, which confer unique biological functions to glycoproteins. The N-glycosylation sites were identified from the analysis of glycopeptides from BSM. This study is the first confirmation of N-glycan attachment to BSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Junmyoung Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Yeonjoo Jang
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Jongkwan Ha
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Minkyoo Ji
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Young Kwang Lee
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Wooseok Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Seungkwan You
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Jonghye Do
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Changsoo Ryu
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Ha Hyung Kim
- Biotherapeutics and Glycomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
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Dinu V, Gillis RB, MacCalman T, Lim M, Adams GG, Harding SE, Fisk ID. Submaxillary Mucin: its Effect on Aroma Release from Acidic Drinks and New Insight into the Effect of Aroma Compounds on its Macromolecular Integrity. FOOD BIOPHYS 2019; 14:278-286. [PMID: 31402849 PMCID: PMC6658575 DOI: 10.1007/s11483-019-09574-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Submaxillary mucin is a major component that defines the makeup and functionality of saliva. Understanding its structure and function during food intake is key to designing appropriate strategies for enhancing the delivery of flavour. In the present study, the hydrodynamic integrity of bovine submaxillary mucin was characterised under physiological and acidic conditions and it was shown to have a broad molecular weight distribution with species ranging from 100 kDa to over 2000 kDa, and a random coil type of conformation. A decrease in the pH of mucin appeared to result in aggregation and a broader molecular weight distribution, which was shown to correlate with a release of flavour compounds. Our study also provides indications that p-cresol may have an effect on the macromolecular integrity of mucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dinu
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, UK
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Richard B. Gillis
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham, UK
| | - Thomas MacCalman
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Mui Lim
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Gary G. Adams
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen E. Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, UK
- Kulturhistorisk Museum, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 6762, St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ian D. Fisk
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
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Bunea AI, Chouliara M, Harloff-Helleberg S, Bañas AR, Engay EL, Glückstad J. Optical catapulting of microspheres in mucus models-toward overcoming the mucus biobarrier. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-9. [PMID: 30825297 PMCID: PMC6975190 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.3.035001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The generalized phase contrast method is employed as an efficient "phase-only" laser beam-shaping technique in an optical setup built for catapulting microspheres through simple mucus models. The influence of the laser power and mucin concentration on the motion of the microspheres is investigated in terms of instant and average velocities on a 250-μm trajectory, corresponding to the mucus thickness in the human gastrointestinal tract. Increasing the laser power leads to higher velocities in all the tested samples, while increasing the mucin concentration leads to significant velocity decrease for similar laser input power. However, velocities of up to 95 μm · s - 1 are demonstrated in a 5% mucin simple mucus model using our catapulting system. This study contributes to understanding and overcoming the challenges of optical manipulation in mucus models. This paves the way for efficient optical manipulation of three-dimensional-printed light-controlled microtools with the ability to penetrate the mucus biobarrier for in vitro drug-delivery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada-Ioana Bunea
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Manto Chouliara
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stine Harloff-Helleberg
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew R. Bañas
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Einstom L. Engay
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper Glückstad
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Fotonik, Department of Photonics Engineering, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- OptoRobotix Aps, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Address all correspondence to Jesper Glückstad, E-mail:
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Optimization of 3D-printed microstructures for investigating the properties of the mucus biobarrier. MICRO AND NANO ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
We review what is currently understood about how the structure of the primary solid component of mucus, the glycoprotein mucin, gives rise to the mechanical and biochemical properties of mucus that are required for it to perform its diverse physiological roles. Macroscale processes such as lubrication require mucus of a certain stiffness and spinnability, which are set by structural features of the mucin network, including the identity and density of cross-links and the degree of glycosylation. At the microscale, these same features affect the mechanical environment experienced by small particles and play a crucial role in establishing an interaction-based filter. Finally, mucin glycans are critical for regulating microbial interactions, serving as receptor binding sites for adhesion, as nutrient sources, and as environmental signals. We conclude by discussing how these structural principles can be used in the design of synthetic mucin-mimetic materials and provide suggestions for directions of future work in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Wagner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K M Wheeler
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
- Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - K Ribbeck
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
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Fallah F, Zargar M, Yousefi M, Alam AN. Synthesis of the erythromycin-conjugated nanodendrimer and its antibacterial activity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 123:321-326. [PMID: 30053464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development and spread of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs necessitates the need to search for novel and effective antimicrobial agents. In the last few decades, innovative nanomaterials are attracting increasing attention and, among them, dendrimers have shown wide application in the various fields. In the current study, the two generations of an anionic linear- spherical nanodendrimer G1 and G2 were synthetized and compound G2 of nanodendrimer conjugated with erythromycin. The structures of the nanodendrimers were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, zetasizer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial activity of the erythromycin-conjugated nanodendrimer and erythromycin alone were evaluated by the microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The size of first and second generation of nanodendrimer, and the erythromycin-conjugated nanodendrimer was 75, 95, and 65.6 nm, respectively. The drug loading percentage of the nanodendrimer conjugates was obtained to be in 35.2%. In our study, the erythromycin-conjugated nanodendrimer showed significantly more bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against all four studied bacteria than erythromycin alone. Our study's results highlight that the erythromycin-conjugated nanodendrimer is a highly effective agent against Gram positive and negative bacteria. The antibacterial properties of erythromycin combined with the targeting potential of the nanodendrimer can lead to sustained intracellular delivery of therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fallah
- Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Zargar
- Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Masoud Yousefi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Nazari Alam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Piqué N, Gómez-Guillén MDC, Montero MP. Xyloglucan, a Plant Polymer with Barrier Protective Properties over the Mucous Membranes: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E673. [PMID: 29495535 PMCID: PMC5877534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the epithelial barrier function has been recently associated with a variety of diseases, mainly at intestinal level, but also affecting the respiratory epithelium and other mucosal barriers. Non-pharmacological approaches such as xyloglucan, with demonstrated protective barrier properties, are proposed as new alternatives for the management of a wide range of diseases, for which mucosal disruption and, particularly, tight junction alterations, is a common characteristic. Xyloglucan, a natural polysaccharide derived from tamarind seeds, possesses a "mucin-like" molecular structure that confers mucoadhesive properties, allowing xyloglucan formulations to act as a barrier capable of reducing bacterial adherence and invasion and to preserve tight junctions and paracellular flux, as observed in different in vitro and in vivo studies. In clinical trials, xyloglucan has been seen to reduce symptoms of gastroenteritis in adults and children, nasal disorders and dry eye syndrome. Similar mucosal protectors containing reticulated proteins have also been useful for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and urinary tract infections. The role of xyloglucan in other disorders with mucosal disruption, such as dermatological or other infectious diseases, deserves further research. In conclusion, xyloglucan, endowed with film-forming protective barrier properties, is a safe non-pharmacological alternative for the management of different diseases, such as gastrointestinal and nasal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Piqué
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacy Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal Sud, Facultat de Farmàcia, Edifici A, Av Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària de la UB (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - María Pilar Montero
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Petrou G, Crouzier T. Mucins as multifunctional building blocks of biomaterials. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:2282-2297. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00471d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mucins glycoproteins are emerging as a multifunctional building block for biomaterials with diverse applications in chemistry and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Petrou
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- Department of Chemistry
- Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan
- Stockholm
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- Department of Chemistry
- Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan
- Stockholm
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Käsdorf BT, Weber F, Petrou G, Srivastava V, Crouzier T, Lieleg O. Mucin-Inspired Lubrication on Hydrophobic Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T. Käsdorf
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Florian Weber
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Georgia Petrou
- Division
of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Albanova University Center, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vaibhav Srivastava
- Division
of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Albanova University Center, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- Division
of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Albanova University Center, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Lieleg
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Nordgård CT, Draget KI. The use of hydrocolloids in physical modelling of complex biological matrices. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mackie AR, Goycoolea FM, Menchicchi B, Caramella CM, Saporito F, Lee S, Stephansen K, Chronakis IS, Hiorth M, Adamczak M, Waldner M, Nielsen HM, Marcelloni L. Innovative Methods and Applications in Mucoadhesion Research. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R. Mackie
- Institute of Food Research; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UA UK
- School of Food Science and Nutrition; University of Leeds; LS2 9JT Leeds UK
| | - Francisco M. Goycoolea
- School of Food Science and Nutrition; University of Leeds; LS2 9JT Leeds UK
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Schlossgarten 3 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Bianca Menchicchi
- Department of Medicine 1; University of Erlangen-Nueremberg; Hartmanstrasse 14 91052 Erlangen Germany
- Nanotechnology Group; Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology; University of Münster; Schlossgarten 3 48149 Münster Germany
| | | | - Francesca Saporito
- Department of Drug Sciences; University of Pavia; Via Taramelli, 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Technical University of Denmark; Produktionstorvet 2800 Kgs Lyngby Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Karen Stephansen
- National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs Lyngby Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ioannis S. Chronakis
- National Food Institute; Technical University of Denmark; Søltofts Plads, 2800 Kgs Lyngby Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Marianne Hiorth
- School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Postboks 1068 Blindern 0316 OSLO Norway
| | - Malgorzata Adamczak
- School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Postboks 1068 Blindern 0316 OSLO Norway
| | - Max Waldner
- Medizinische Klinik 1; Ulmenweg 18 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Luciano Marcelloni
- S.I.I.T. S.r.l Pharmaceutical & Health Food Supplements; Via Canova 5/7-20090 Trezzano S/N Milan Italy
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