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Skalski-Bednarz SB, Toussaint LL, Konaszewski K, Surzykiewicz J. Beyond HIV shame: the role of self-forgiveness and acceptance in living with HIV. AIDS Care 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38669668 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2024.2343770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Research is developing regarding the beneficial association of spirituality with numerous health outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH); however, little attention has been paid to the association of these variables with forgiveness and acceptance of HIV status. This cross-sectional study used a sample of 648 PLWH from the United States aged 18-61 to test the mediating effects of forgiveness and acceptance of HIV status on the relationship of spirituality and life satisfaction. As expected, self-forgiveness and acceptance straightforwardly and serially explained the links between spirituality and life satisfaction, while forgiveness of others was not a significant mediator for this relationship. The data obtained suggest that spirituality and self-forgiveness are two important targets for future experimental research, and therapeutic interventions on these variables may have a synergistic effect of increasing acceptance and improving well-being in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz
- Faculty of Philosophy and Education, Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany
- School of Human Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Janusz Surzykiewicz
- Faculty of Philosophy and Education, Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany
- Faculty of Education, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Naghmeh R, Sadat Hoseini AS, Dehghan Nayeri N. Spiritual Health Consequences from the Iranian Adolescents' Perspective. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:344-355. [PMID: 37721603 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Spiritual health is a unique force that can influence the physical, mental, and social dimensions of life. In order to know the positive effects of spiritual health, it is necessary to explain the adolescents' experiences in this area. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate Iranian adolescents' experiences regarding the effects of spiritual health. This study was conducted based on a qualitative approach using content analysis. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 adolescents aged 14-18 years. Subsequently, the obtained data were analyzed using the Graneheim and Lundman method. In total, three major categories emerged from data analysis, including mental health promotion, self-control, and purposefulness in life. Considering the significant effects of spiritual health on adolescents' development, it is essential to pay attention to this dimension of health and develop plans to enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razaghi Naghmeh
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akram Sadat Sadat Hoseini
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tohid Square, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nahid Dehghan Nayeri
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Heidari M, Gheshlaghi AN, Masoudi R, Raeisi H, Sobouti B. Effects of a Spiritual Care Program on Body Image and Resilience in Patients with Second-Degree Burns in Iran. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:329-343. [PMID: 36593324 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of a spiritual care program (SCP), on the body image and resilience of second-degree burn patients in Iran. In this semi-experimental study, 60 patients with second-degree burns were selected in the Tehran Mottahari Burns Hospital, Iran in 2022. These patients were divided through random allocation into two intervention and control groups. The patients of both groups filled out Beck's self-esteem Test (BSCT) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) before, immediately, and 3 months after the intervention. In the intervention group, SCP was performed for eight sessions over two weeks. Firstly, the 4D Model of Spiritual Health and Well-Being was examined, then two one-hour sessions were held with each patient about each dimension, with a total of four dimensions including eight sessions, in which these dimensions were examined and discussed. There was no difference in the score of body image (P = 0.326) and resilience (P = 0.597) before intervention in the control and intervention groups. However, the mean of body image score in the intervention group immediately (109.56 ± 4.86) and 3 months after (109.16 ± 6.06) the intervention was significant, respectively. Also, the mean of resilience score in the intervention group was significant immediately (85.86 ± 6.78) and 3 months after the intervention (85.73 ± 6.27). It is suggested for healthcare providers to use the SCPs to reduce the recovery time of burned patients and reduce complications and treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heidari
- Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Najafi Gheshlaghi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Reza Masoudi
- Department of Adults and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hadi Raeisi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Behnam Sobouti
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rudolph EC, Barnard A. The Cinderella of positive psychology: spiritual well-being as an emerging dimension of flourishing in pastoral work. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2170767. [PMID: 36779518 PMCID: PMC9930796 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2170767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The invaluable, yet challenging role of pastors in the community signifies the need to understand and care for their well-being. Well-being, conceptualized in the multidimensional construct of flourishing, does not explicitly include spiritual well-being, yet, it is the foundation of pastors' well-being. In this article we aim to describe pastors' spiritual well-being and in so doing, highlight its fundamental importance in pastors' flourishing in the ministry. METHODS Positioned in the interpretive pragmatic paradigm, data were gathered and analysed from three focus groups with 18 pastors in the Dutch Reformed Church and the Uniting Reformed Church of South Africa. Interactive qualitative analysis was applied, and results were conceptually refined through narrative synthesis. RESULTS Four themes were constructed to describe pastors' spiritual well-being namely: i) an altruistic calling; ii) discipleship iii) seasons of the ministry; and iv) ethics. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the importance and essence of the spiritual aspects predominant to pastors' well-being. Attending to spiritual well-being will enhance their resilience and constructive coping and is integral to their way of flourishing at work. This proposes an extension of the flourishing framework to include spiritual well-being as an explicitly conceptualized sub-dimension for application to the study's Christian pastoral context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Cornelia Rudolph
- Department of Human Resource Management, College of Economic and Management Sciences, Muckleneuk Campus, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa,CONTACT Elizabeth Cornelia Rudolph Department of Human Resource, College of Economic and Management Sciences, Nkoana Simon Radipere Building
- Office 3-12, PO Box 392, UNISA 0003, South Africa
| | - Antoni Barnard
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, College of Economic and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
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Cardwell KL, Koch L, McKenna OJ, Pilutti LA, Fakolade A. Mapping Resilience: Structural Equation Modeling of Psychological Resilience in Multiple Sclerosis Care Partners. Int J MS Care 2023; 25:245-251. [PMID: 37969910 PMCID: PMC10634600 DOI: 10.7224/1537-2073.2023-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care partners are essential supports to individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Both negative and positive outcomes associated with the caregiving role have been reported. Psychological resilience may be an important factor influencing the MS caregiving experience, but an MS-specific model of care partner resilience has yet to be established. This study sought to explore an explicit model of MS care partner resilience. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 471 Canadian MS care partners were collected via an online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test measures within a hypothesized model of resilience. Resilience was measured using the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. RESULTS Following CFA, the hypothesized model was simplified due to the poor fit of several variables. The final model yielded a moderate SEM fit (χ2 = 6030.95, P < .01). Being a woman was associated with greater caregiving tasks (β = 0.53, P < .001) and poorer spiritual health (β = -0.35, P < .001). Spiritual health, but not caregiving tasks, had a positive impact on both positive (β = 0.48, P < .01) and negative coping (β = 0.49, P = .01). Quality of life and resilience did not have relationships with other variables in the model. However, quality of life had a positive, unidirectional influence on resilience (β = 0.83, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that spiritual health is an important predictor of coping and should be further explored in MS care partners. Quality of life may act as a precursor to resilience within MS care partners. Further research and exploration into MS care partner resilience is warranted to confirm this exploratory model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Cardwell
- From the Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (KLC, LAP), the Faculty of Medicine (OJM), and the Brain and Mind Research Institute (LAP), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Koch
- Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (LK)
| | - Odessa J. McKenna
- From the Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (KLC, LAP), the Faculty of Medicine (OJM), and the Brain and Mind Research Institute (LAP), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lara A. Pilutti
- From the Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (KLC, LAP), the Faculty of Medicine (OJM), and the Brain and Mind Research Institute (LAP), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Afolasade Fakolade
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada (AF)
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Lifshitz R, Bachner YG, Nimrod G. Later Life as a Daring Experience: Factors Associated with Older Adults' Risk Perception. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2023; 66:793-810. [PMID: 36779820 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2023.2177920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Risk perception refers to people's subjective judgments about the possibility of negative occurrences and the extent to which they are concerned with them. Previous studies have found that older adults who were exposed to ongoing terror threats developed later-life and terror risk perceptions. These studies showed that high risk perception has negative psychological and physiological consequences. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of both later-life risk perception and terror risk perception in later life. Data were collected via an online survey with 306 Internet users aged 50 years and over, half resided in a high-risk zone while the remainder lived in a low-risk zone. The Perceived Risk Scale, measures of depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, social support, spirituality, internet use, and personal background were applied. Low self-rated health was associated with terror and later-life risk perceptions, regardless of the risk zone. After controlling for personal background, only depressive symptoms significantly correlated with high risk perceptions. These findings suggest that older adults with poorer self-rated health, secular beliefs, and elevated depressive symptoms may be susceptible to developing high risk perceptions. Clinicians should encourage older adults to identify preserving resources to improve adjustment to late life stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Lifshitz
- Department of Communal Gerontology, The Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Emek Yezreel, Israel
| | - Yaacov G Bachner
- Department of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- The Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Galit Nimrod
- The Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Department of Communication Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Gomez R, Watson S. A Reevaluation of the Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ). JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:2112-2130. [PMID: 35930213 PMCID: PMC10133068 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The 20-item Gomez and Fisher (Personal Individ Differ 35:1975-1991, 2003) Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ) is a widely used measure of spiritual well-being. Its theoretical model is a higher-order model with primary factors for personal, communal, environmental, and transcendental well-being, and a secondary global spiritual well-being factor. The current study, conducted in Australia, reevaluated the factor structure of the SWBQ. Unlike previous studies, the current study also used exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) to examine the factor structure of the SWBQ and selected the preferred model using not only global model fit values, but also the clarity, reliabilities, and validities of the factors in the models. A total of 227 adults (males = 63; females = 164; M age = 26.1 years; SD = 5.2 years) completed the SWBQ. Based on the model selection criteria applied in the study, the ESEM model with four group factors was selected as the preferred model. However, there was also adequate support for the proposed theoretical higher-order model and the first-order oblique model with the four well-being factors. Concerning our preferred model, its factors showed reasonable clarity for factor loadings and (omega) reliabilities. However, only the communal domain scale was supported empirically for external validity. The implications of the findings for the theoretical model, the use of the SWBQ, and future studies are discussed. In this respect, there are three potential models (theorized higher-order model, 4-factor first-order oblique model, and the ESEM model proposed in this study) that warrant further detailed investigation with a larger, more representative population and additional validation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapson Gomez
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.
| | - Shaun Watson
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen, PO Box 663, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia
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Lomas T, VanderWeele TJ. Toward an Expanded Taxonomy of Happiness: A Conceptual Analysis of 16 Distinct Forms of Mental Wellbeing. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678231155512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent decades have seen a surge of scientific interest in happiness. However, its theoretical conceptualization is a work in progress. Much of the literature focuses on two main forms: hedonic (encompassing life satisfaction and positive affect) and eudaimonic (encompassing phenomena such as character development and meaning in life). However, this binary has been critiqued as being incomplete, in part because it reflects a Western-centric perspective that overlooks forms emphasized in non-Western cultures. As a result, scholars have begun to highlight other forms besides hedonia and eudaimonia. This article surveys the literature to identify 16 potential forms in total, classified according to whether they primarily pertain to feelings (hedonic, contented, mature, chaironic, and vital), thought (evaluative, meaningful, intellective, aesthetic, and absorbed) or action (eudaimonic, masterful, accomplished, harmonic, nirvanic, and relational). This article thus offers a more expansive, albeit still just provisional, taxonomy of this vital and still-evolving topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Lomas
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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9
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VanderWeele TJ, Lomas T. Terminology and the Well-being Literature. AFFECTIVE SCIENCE 2023; 4:36-40. [PMID: 37070016 PMCID: PMC10104989 DOI: 10.1007/s42761-022-00153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this commentary, we offer some remarks concerning distinctions that might be drawn between psychological well-being, emotional well-being, well-being more generally, and flourishing. We put forward a flexible map of flourishing to help understand the relative place of these and other terms, and their respective nestings. We discuss some of the challenges concerning terminology related to the use of ordinary language, as well as practices of branding ordinary language expressions that potentially threaten understanding, and we offer some suggestions as to how to navigate some of these terminological challenges in the well-being literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. VanderWeele
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Tim Lomas
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
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10
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Chagas C, Martins LB, Machado FR, Zangari W, Galduróz JCF. Religious and secular spirituality: Methodological implications of definitions for health research. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:6-13. [PMID: 35469748 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The importance of spirituality as a research topic has been increasingly recognized, which has led to several studies on the topic. Areas including psychology, medicine, and nursing have produced studies on spirituality under a plurality of definitions and methods, which reveals the complexity of the theme. However, this has resulted in a range of potential problems, including: (1) the use of overlapping and contradictory terms between studies, or even within the same study, (2) research methodologies that do not fit the definitions (sometimes unreflectively) assumed by the authors, (3) difficulties, or even the impossibility, of comparing the results of studies, (4) controversies in respect of the inclusion/exclusion of secular groups in research on spirituality, and (5) ambiguous measurements, often being exclusively dependent on each participant's individual interpretation of what spirituality means. This article discusses these problems, recommends theoretical and methodological alternatives and presents taxonomy of definitions of spirituality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Chagas
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Department of Psychobiology, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Welligton Zangari
- Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Department of Social Psychology, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rohmi F, Yusuf A, Fitriasari R, Agustinus H. What Benefits Might a Family Expect From Using Spiritual Coping Mechanisms When Providing Care for People With Schizophrenia? Literature Review. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231214935. [PMID: 38046565 PMCID: PMC10693209 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231214935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Caring for people with schizophrenia has consequences, one of which is stressors during care. Families as caregivers often using coping strategies that involve relationships with self, others, or the transcendent/God or nature and also may include religious/spiritual practices. Objectives This literature review aims to identify the benefit of using spiritual coping as used by a family schizophrenia caregiver. The variable is spiritual coping. Methods This literature review method used PRISMA methodology for systematic reviews. Search was conducted in March 2017, updated in August 2022 and submitted in April 2023 for the publication process, limited to English by using electronic databases: Scopus, ScienceDirect, Sage, ProQuest, and PubMed. Results Fifteen studies were included in this review. Two synthesized findings emerged: spiritual coping strategies used by family caregivers give positive effects for family. Conclusion When the stress or crisis phase is experienced while caring for people with schizophrenia, the family who acts as a caregiver reveals the meaning of life they have and that they feel hopelessness and helplessness. In an effort to overcome the family's burden as caregivers, they often use spiritual coping, which is important to increase the caregiver's wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizatur Rohmi
- Faculty Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Faculty Nursing, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Kepanjen, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Ah Yusuf
- Faculty of Nursing, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Mellat N, Ebrahimi Qavam S, Gholamali Lavasani M, Moradi M, Sadipour E. The role of cognitive, emotional, and spiritual development in adult psychological well-being. JOURNAL OF SPIRITUALITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19349637.2022.2121239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mellat
- Department of Educational Psychology, faculty of psychology and educational science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soqra Ebrahimi Qavam
- Department of Educational Psychology, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Moradi
- Department of statistics, MPT Academy (Matris Pedia Training) & Analysis Academy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Sadipour
- Department of Educational Psychology, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
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McKinley CE, Knipp H. "You Can Get Away with Anything Here… No Justice at All"- Sexual Violence Against U.S. Indigenous Females and Its Consequences. GENDER ISSUES 2022; 39:291-319. [PMID: 36128047 PMCID: PMC9484449 DOI: 10.1007/s12147-021-09291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sexual violence against Indigenous women has long been used as a tool of colonial violence and conquest. As a contemporary form of historical oppression that may drive associated health and mental health inequities, Indigenous women in the United States experience sexual violence at greater levels than the general population and at and twice the rate of Indigenous men. We use the Indigenous framework of historical oppression, resilience, and transcendence (FHORT) to understand Indigenous women's experiences of sexual violence and how it differentiates across ecological outcomes related to health and wellness. This exploratory sequential multimethod study with 563 participants (n = 436 qualitative and n = 127 quantitative survey participants) qualitatively explores how Indigenous peoples describe sexual violence and quantitatively investigates key differences across ecological outcomes of wellness related to sexual violence, including alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results indicated that all participants (100 percent) who reported sexual violence were women. Thematic analysis of qualitative results revealed the themes related to familial, non-familial, and the historical oppression of a lack of accountability for perpetrators. Quantitative t-Tests results revealed that experiencing sexual violence was associated with significant differences across ecological dimensions of wellness including (a) structural: higher historical oppression, historical loss, oppression, and discrimination; (b) relational: higher adverse childhood experiences and stressful life events and lower family resilience and social support; (c) spiritual: lower spiritual-well-being and life satisfaction; and (d) psychological/behavioral: higher levels of alcohol use, PTSD, and lower levels of psychological resilience. Thus, sexual violence profoundly affected Indigenous women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Knipp
- Tulane University School of Social Work, New Orleans, LA, USA
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14
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Designing a Measurement Scale for Spiritual Health of the Elderly in Tehran/Iran (2019). HEALTH SCOPE 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jhealthscope-115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Spiritual health is one of the important dimensions of health that causes the coherence and harmony of other dimensions of health in human beings. Due to the increasing number of elderly, considering the status of their health is important. Objectives: The present study was an attempt to design and evaluate a measurement instrument for spiritual health in the Iranian elderly, which is appropriate for the Iranian society. Methods: This mixed methods study used a sequential exploratory strategy. In the first phase, spiritual health items were extracted based on a review of the previous studies and interviews with experts and the elderly using direct content analysis. In the second phase, the standardized questionnaire was assessed by performing validity and reliability tests on 400 elderly residents of Tehran. The participants were selected based on the purposive sampling method from the elderly referring to nursing homes. To analyze the collected data, qualitative content analysis was employed. In the first phase, 45 items of the questionnaire were extracted based on the interviews. After quantitatively determining the face and content validity, six items were removed, and the questionnaire items were reduced to 39 items. Results: Exploratory factor analysis on this questionnaire identified five factors that explained a total of 52.2% of the total variance of the test. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained confirmed the high internal consistency of the questionnaire (0.925). Also, a high correlation was reported between the test and retest with a 10-day interval (r = 0.997). In addition, a high and significant correlation was reported in the simultaneous implementation of the designed instrument with Paloutzin and Ellison’s spiritual health instrument (r = 0.76). Conclusions: In general, based on the present study's findings, the designed questionnaire has an acceptable level of validity and reliability and is usable for the elderly.
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Kemp T, Lopez NV, Ward S, Sherzai D, Sherzai A, Sutliffe J. The INFINITE Study: Pilot Research Exploring Plant-Based Nutrition in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276221120227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) rarely incorporates a dietary intervention. The purpose of this research is to explore how nutrition might influence early recovery outcomes. Participants (N = 33) self-selected into the 10-week treatment (whole food, plant-based diet) or control group (standard treatment center diet). Both received weekly nutrition education lessons to complement the diet. At baseline, week 3, and week 10, participants completed assessments to track mental health markers. Mean values were calculated for Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Plant-based Diet Indices (PDI). Semi-structured interviews were gathered and analyzed using grounded theory. The intervention group had significantly higher scores for HEI-2015 and PDI scores (all P’s < .001). For all psychosocial outcomes, there was a statistically significant effect of time ( P’s < .001-.02), but not by condition. A significant condition by time interaction was seen with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem outcome ( P = .043). Resilience at 10-weeks was significantly higher in the high PDI group ( P = .031). Qualitative data showed that all participants found meaning and value in the experience. Early addiction treatment outcomes show modest but important effects of whole food plant-based nutrition and suggest value in further exploration of its use in SUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Kemp
- Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (TK, NVL, SW, JS); and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA (DS, AS)
| | - Nanette V. Lopez
- Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (TK, NVL, SW, JS); and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA (DS, AS)
| | - Shaun Ward
- Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (TK, NVL, SW, JS); and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA (DS, AS)
| | - Dean Sherzai
- Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (TK, NVL, SW, JS); and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA (DS, AS)
| | - Ayesha Sherzai
- Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (TK, NVL, SW, JS); and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA (DS, AS)
| | - Jay Sutliffe
- Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (TK, NVL, SW, JS); and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA (DS, AS)
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Romeiro J, Caldeira S, Lopes MV. “Spiritual distress (00060)” in patients under fertility treatment: Clinical validation study. Int J Nurs Knowl 2022; 34:97-107. [PMID: 35792716 DOI: 10.1111/2047-3095.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to clinically validate the NANDA-I nursing diagnosis of "Spiritual distress (00066)" in people under assisted reproductive technologies, and to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of the defining characteristics. METHODS Cross-sectional study that was conducted between September 2019 and June 2020. Recruitment happened by invitation posted in fertility-related websites. Those who accepted to participate were asked to fill the consent form and the online questionnaire. Statistical analysis was based on Rasch's model. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. FINDINGS The sample comprised 104 Portuguese individuals undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. The "Spiritual distress (00066)" was validated and 22 defining characteristics were confirmed as representative. No item showed differential item functioning. "Perceived suffering" was the most sensitive defining characteristic and had the highest negative predictive value. "Insufficient courage" had the highest positive predictive value, and "Anger toward power greater than self" was the most specific. CONCLUSIONS Results validated the presence of the NANDA-I nursing diagnosis of "Spiritual distress (00066)" in a sample going through assisted reproductive technologies, improving accuracy of this nursing diagnosis in such population. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE This is a crucial step to raise the level of evidence of such nursing diagnosis and to increase the level of evidence on NANDA-I terminology. Furthermore, this study has contributed to raising the quality of nurse's critical judgement and clinical reasoning and allow an early spiritual and a more holistic and personalized patient-centered intervention in the reproductive field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Romeiro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Institute of Health Sciences, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health Palma de Cima, Lisbon Portugal
| | - Sílvia Caldeira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Institute of Health Sciences, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health Palma de Cima, Lisbon Portugal
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Keisari S, Piol S, Orkibi H, Elkarif T, Mola G, Testoni I. Spirituality During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Creative Arts Intervention With Photocollages for Older Adults in Italy and Israel. Front Psychol 2022; 13:897158. [PMID: 35783728 PMCID: PMC9245519 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine how expressions of spirituality were stimulated and reflected in an online creative arts intervention for older adults during COVID-19 lockdowns. The online process focused on the creation of digital photocollages together with narrative elements of dignity therapy. Twenty-four Israeli and Italian community-dwelling older adults aged 78–92 participated in a three-session online intervention involving the production of three photocollages. The visual and verbal data (participants’ chosen photos and photocollages, and transcripts of the sessions) were qualitatively analyzed within an abductive framework. Four themes were generated, representing the four domains of spirituality that were stimulated by and expressed in the process: (1) Connectedness with the self, (2) connectedness with others, (3) connectedness with the environment, and (4) connectedness with the transcendent. The findings show how photographs can serve as projective visual stimuli which elicit personal content through spontaneous thinking, and they reveal the multifaceted nature of spirituality, wherein each domain nourishes the others. Overall, the findings illustrate how creative arts intervention guided by the tenets of dignity therapy can contribute to the spiritual care of older adults during periods of social isolation, or to the spiritual support provided in palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshi Keisari
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Centre for Research and Study of Aging, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Emily Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- *Correspondence: Shoshi Keisari,
| | - Silvia Piol
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Hod Orkibi
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Emily Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Talia Elkarif
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Giada Mola
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Ines Testoni
- The Emily Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Romeiro J, Nogueira P, Hall J, Caldeira S. The Resilience Scale in Portuguese Adults under Assisted Reproductive Techniques. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105932. [PMID: 35627471 PMCID: PMC9140717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Assessing resilience response to an adverse event such as infertility requires measuring the same construct adequately and accurately by nurses. The objective of this study was to explore the validity and reliability of the Portuguese version of the Resilience Scale for adults. A cross-sectional and methodological design was used, and factor analyses were performed. The sample comprised 140 adult Portuguese individuals under fertility treatment recruited from health-related websites. The findings yielded a bad fit of the hypothesized Resilience Scale structure with the observed data. Instead, a 21-item tool with a four-factor structure revealed high internal consistency (0.94). The tool correlated positively and significantly to the Portuguese version of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire and was negatively associated and lacked correlation with the Fertility Adjustment Scale. The 21-item Resilience Scale is a reliable tool suitable to measure resilience in Portuguese adults under assisted reproductive techniques. This tool offers the opportunity of early recognition by health professionals aiming to enhance patients’ coping skills effectively and promote positive psychological and mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Romeiro
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-965126857
| | - Paulo Nogueira
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Jenny Hall
- Independent Researcher, Liverpool L17 7AQ, UK;
| | - Sílvia Caldeira
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 1649-023 Lisbon, Portugal;
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19
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Portuguese Version of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire: Validation Study in People under Assisted Reproductive Techniques. RELIGIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rel13050400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Attention has been given to the experience of individuals undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. However, only recent literature has focused on the spiritual journey triggered by such an event and highlighted the nurses and midwives’ roles in the assessment of the spiritual needs of those living with infertility. This study aimed to perform a psychometric test of the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire in a sample of people undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2019 and June 2020 on a sample of 104 Portuguese adults attending fertility treatment. An online questionnaire was released on fertility-related websites. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on six hypothesized models of the instrument. The findings provided evidence of an adequate internal consistency of the instrument, and the validity and reliability of the oblique four-factor model was confirmed. Spiritual well-being had a significant association with the nature of infertility and a higher score was achieved by participants that perceived religion as very important. This study provides a validated tool for nurses and midwives to assess spiritual well-being and promote an integrated reproductive healthcare approach. Further longitudinal research with bigger samples would provide more evidence of the spiritual needs of people living with this condition.
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20
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Tomsovic E, Bond L, Wyant D. Spiritual Well-Being and Use of Spiritual Care Interventions of Undergraduate Nursing Students. J Christ Nurs 2022; 39:E15-E21. [PMID: 34860776 DOI: 10.1097/cnj.0000000000000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT A survey of undergraduate nursing students investigated their personal spiritual well-being (SWB), their spiritual care of patients, and where students felt spiritually challenged. The survey utilized the Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM), the Nursing Spiritual Care Therapeutics Scale (NSCTS), and a qualitative extended response question. Findings revealed a positive correlation between high SWB and the spiritual care of patients and a significant improvement in the use of spiritual care therapeutics through the nursing program.
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21
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De Vincenzo C, Serio F, Franceschi A, Barbagallo S, Zamperini A. A "Viral Epistolary" and Psychosocial Spirituality: Restoring Transcendental Meaning During COVID-19 Through a Digital Community Letter-Writing Project. PASTORAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 71:153-171. [PMID: 35034983 PMCID: PMC8749114 DOI: 10.1007/s11089-021-00991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This article outlines the results of a three-month-long community letter-writing and letter-sharing project called "Viral Epistolary" (VE), which we completed online in Italy during the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns. In it, we collected 340 digital letters from all over the country and connected thousands of people through epistolary exchanges. We used the genre of letters as a mediating, meaning-making, and (auto)biographical tool whereby people could share their experiences of domestic isolation and physical distancing, thus creating a community of support. Based on a well-documented understanding of meaning-making as a core human endeavor, especially in times of social disruption and personal crisis, this article frames sense-making as a transcendental and even spiritual process that yields broad principles for organizing life. Thus, the research adopts a psychosocial perspective on spirituality and applies thematic analysis to qualitatively analyze written narratives. The results reveal that many respondents underwent a three-part, not-necessarily-sequential process of collapsing, self-distancing, and transcending during lockdown, which allowed them to rearrange themselves according to the new total social fact of the pandemic. Through this process, respondents negotiated themes of semiotic crisis, striving for meaning, and beyond meaning (the essential). Finally, the article discusses the role of meaning as a transcendental component of psychosocial meaning-making coping processes and tries to highlight how shared writing experiences can stimulate personal and communal healing processes in the wake of social crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro De Vincenzo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Flavia Serio
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anita Franceschi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Barbagallo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Adriano Zamperini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento FISPPA - Sezione Psicologia Applicata, Via Venezia 14, Padua, Italy
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22
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Keisari S, Biancalani G, Tavelli E, Fassina S, Testoni I. Spirituality during COVID-19 in Northern Italy: The experience of participating in an online prayer group. PASTORAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 71:201-215. [PMID: 35291711 PMCID: PMC8915138 DOI: 10.1007/s11089-022-00998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Spirituality has ascendant value during times of adversity. Religious activities have beenfound to increase spirituality, and therefore might be considered a coping resource for the individual. The present research aims to explore participants' experience in an online Catholic prayer group in northern Italy that was held throughout the period of COVID-19 social restrictions. The group comprised 16 Catholic individuals aged 34 to 85, who were interviewed in writing following a protocol of four open-ended questions. The results reported four main thematic areas: (1) the benefits of the spiritual journey while coping with the pandemic; (2) the potential of the online setting; (3) the challenges of the online setting; and (4) the bond with God and how it evolved during the pandemic. The findings confirm the valuable contribution of the on-line group religious activity to the participants' wellbeing, particularly during the time of social distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshi Keisari
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
- Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gianmarco Biancalani
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Tavelli
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Ines Testoni
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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23
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Michaelson V, Šmigelskas K, King N, Inchley J, Malinowska-Cieślik M, Pickett W. Domains of spirituality and their importance to the health of 75 533 adolescents in 12 countries. Health Promot Int 2021:6460273. [PMID: 34897449 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirituality is an ancient concept with many contemporary applications to the field of health promotion. While recognized in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as a basic human right, definitional misunderstandings about what spirituality is, and is not, and the mechanisms by which it affects the health of young people, remain. In this cross-national analysis involving >75 000 adolescents from 12 countries, we examined the relative importance of each of four spiritual health domains (connections to self, others, nature and the transcendent) in the lives of young people, and how these connections relate to a standard indicator of positive mental health status. Descriptive and applied regression analyses confirmed two major findings: (i) boys and girls in all 12 countries ranked the importance of each of the four domains in the same order, with 'connections to self' identified as most important; and (ii) both direct and indirect pathways are evident that connect the remaining three domains to positive mental health status, but through strong connections to self. Based on our scale items, fostering a strong connection to self, which involves cultivating a sense of meaning, purpose and joy in the lives of adolescents, appears most fundamental to fostering optimal mental health. This may be achieved directly or, dependent upon context and culture, indirectly with emphasis on the connections afforded by the other three domains. Such findings provide important insights to guide the content of adolescent health promotion interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Michaelson
- Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - K Šmigelskas
- Health Research Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - N King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Carruthers Hall, 2nd and 3rd Floors 62 Fifth Field Company Lane Queen's University Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J Inchley
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley St, Glasgow G3 7HR, United Kingdom
| | - M Malinowska-Cieślik
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University ul. św. Anny 12, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
| | - W Pickett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Carruthers Hall, 2nd and 3rd Floors 62 Fifth Field Company Lane Queen's University Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Rahtz E, Warber SL, Goldingay S, Dieppe P. Transcendent Experiences Among Pilgrims to Lourdes: A Qualitative Investigation. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:3788-3806. [PMID: 34170474 PMCID: PMC8227356 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Millions of pilgrims visit Lourdes each year, often seeking revitalisation rather than miraculous cures. We sought to understand the phenomenon of transcendent experiences. We spoke with 67 pilgrims including assisted pilgrims, young volunteers and medical staff. About two in five reported a transcendent experience: some felt they had communicated or had close contact with a divine presence, while others reported a powerful experience of something intangible and otherworldly. Transcendent experiences are an important feature of pilgrimage to Lourdes and the place offers the faithful a means of connecting with the divine, with nature and with the self.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmylou Rahtz
- The European Centre for Environment and Human Health, The University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK.
| | - Sara L Warber
- The European Centre for Environment and Human Health, The University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3HD, UK
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1018 Fuller St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104-1213, USA
| | - Sarah Goldingay
- Department of Drama, University of Exeter, Alexander Building, Thornlea, New North Road, Exeter, EX4 4LA, Devon, UK
| | - Paul Dieppe
- The University of Exeter Medical School, South Cloisters, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, Devon, UK
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25
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Karakus M, Ersozlu A, Usak M, Yucel S. Spirituality and Well-Being of Children, Adolescent, and Adult Students: A Scientific Mapping of the Literature. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:4296-4315. [PMID: 34580819 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to map the selected literature on students' spirituality and well-being to reveal the current and historical research trends in the relevant literature. Bibliographic coupling of the journals, countries, authors, and organizations, and co-occurrences of author keywords were illustrated through VOSviewer. Moreover, citation analysis was done, and h-classics publications were reviewed. The researchers did the initial search on January 5, 2020, and updated all the records on August 14, 2021. Most of the studies showed that students' spirituality was positively associated with their well-being. Most of the researchers preferred to work on samples of adult and adolescent students rather than children. The current and historical trends in the relevant literature are discussed in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Karakus
- Centre for Global Learning, Education and Attainment, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Alpay Ersozlu
- STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Muhammet Usak
- Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Salih Yucel
- Centre for Islamic Studies and Civilisation, Charles Sturt University; Faculty of Theology and Philosophy, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
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26
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Individual values and spirituality and their meaning for affective well-being and engagement with life in very old age. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 54:85-92. [PMID: 34599384 PMCID: PMC8551090 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-021-01974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Individuals’ ideals and aspirations are considered to constitute a central reference frame for subjective evaluations of their perceived reality, and, thus, to be crucial for individual quality of life (QoL) outcomes. By examining individual values and spirituality in very old people, the aim of this study was to describe two constructs representing the aspirations of the individual, as well as the relation of these constructs to both hedonic and eudaimonic QoL outcomes in very old age (VOA). Material and methods Cross-sectional data from a representative survey of people in VOA (NRW80+, n = 1863) were used. Individual values were assessed based on the Portrait Value Questionnaire. A revised questionnaire was developed drawing on the Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure. Individual values and spirituality were studied using descriptive statistics, and hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze their predictive value for two QoL outcomes: 1) affective well-being as an indicator of hedonic QoL, which was assessed using the positive affect subscale of the short form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and 2) engagement with life, which captures eudaimonic aspects and which was measured with a subscale of the Valuation of Life Scale. Results The most important values were both protection and growth-oriented values with a social focus. However, only values representing strivings for growth had a positive association with QoL outcomes. Spirituality was of high relevance to very old people, although not in the sense of religious institutions or practices. Rather, it predominantly consisted in environmental, interpersonal, and transcendental connectedness, all of which were positively connected to QoL outcomes. Conclusion Individual values and spirituality can be an important resource for hedonic as well as eudaimonic QoL; however, age-related losses may lead to an emphasis of protective values that are not beneficial in terms of QoL. To support older people on their spiritual journey, a broad concept of spirituality needs to be established among researchers as well as practitioners. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s00391-021-01974-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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27
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Fisher JW. Validation and Utilisation of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire: SHALOM. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:3694-3715. [PMID: 34435266 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ) was developed from a theoretical understanding that spiritual well-being (SWB) is expressed in the quality of relationships that each person has across one or more of four domains, namely with self, others, environment and/or with a transcendent other. Based on the SWBQ, the Spiritual Health And Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM) is unique in that it compares each person's lived experience with their ideals on the 20 items reflecting the four domains of SWB. This paper builds on previous reviews of the SWBQ-SHALOM, by providing breadth and depth of data and their validity, from a wide range of sources, and expressing the instrument's usefulness in a variety of settings. It provides an overview with details from 60 studies that started with the SWBQ-SHALOM. Presented herein are ideas on what can be done with further investigations of this vital aspect of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Fisher
- Department of Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Federation University, Ballarat, Australia.
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28
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Obi IM, Aaldering H, Bollen K, Euwema MC. Servant Leadership Stimulates Spiritual Well-Being Through Team Trust in a Female Religious Context. Front Psychol 2021; 12:630978. [PMID: 34539476 PMCID: PMC8448056 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.630978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates how female religious leaders nurture spiritual well-being in religious sisters. Specifically, we examined how servant leadership fosters spiritual well-being [Gifts and Fruits of the Spirit (GFSp)] through, respectively, the mediating role of team trust and reduced occurrence of team conflicts. Quantitative survey data were collected from 453 religious sisters (followers) within a Catholic Women Religious Institute in Nigeria. Using structural equation modeling, results showed that servant leadership is positively related to team trust and negatively related to team conflict. Further findings showed that servant leadership indirectly fosters spiritual well-being: Gifts of the Spirit (GSp), and Fruits of the Spirit (FSp), through the mediating role of team trust, however not through reduced team conflict. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocentina-Marie Obi
- Occupational & Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hillie Aaldering
- Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katalien Bollen
- Occupational & Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Claes Euwema
- Occupational & Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Murphy JM, Chin ED, Westlake CA, Asselin M, Brisbois MD. Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurse Spirituality, Stress, Coping, Spiritual Well-being, and Intent to Leave: A Mixed-method Study. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2021; 38:349-363. [PMID: 34077278 DOI: 10.1177/10434542211011061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intense emotional demands of oncology nursing create a stressful work environment and increase the likelihood of leaving. The study aims to explore, describe, and understand how pediatric hematology/oncology nurses caring for chronically ill or dying patients use their spirituality to cope with job stress, maintain spiritual well-being (SWB), and continue to work in this specialty. Methods: A concurrent mixed-method research design consisted of a web-based survey and interview. Data collection included demographics, intent to leave questions, and four valid and reliable research instruments measuring spirituality, stress, coping, and SWB. A responsive interview guide directed interviews. Results: Quantitative analysis (n = 130) revealed moderate to high levels of spirituality, moderate stress, coping, and SWB. Stress and SWB were weakly, inversely correlated (r = -.221, p = .011) indicating lower stress was associated with greater SWB. Coping and SWB were weakly, positively correlated (r = .248, p = .005) indicating greater coping was associated with greater SWB. An intent to leave in the next year was reported by 5.4%. Emerging themes from qualitative data (n = 22) included faith-informed or existential spirituality, work environment, and emotional/psychological stressors such as feeling overwhelmed or witnessing suffering and coping through self-care and spirituality. Dimensions of SWB included spiritually based coping and life's meaning and purpose. Intent to leave was related to the work environment or travel distance. Discussion: A nurse's spirituality offers a mechanism for coping with accumulated losses and grief encountered in clinical practice and in turn supports SWB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Murphy
- Surgical Programs, 1862Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Chin
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 14709University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Cheryl A Westlake
- 388087MemorialCare Shared Services, Fountain Valley, CA, USA.,School of Nursing, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn Asselin
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 14709University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Maryellen D Brisbois
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, 14709University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
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Feng Y, Liu X, Lin T, Luo B, Mou Q, Ren J, Chen J. Exploring the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety in patients with gynecological cancer: a cross-section study. BMC Palliat Care 2021; 20:78. [PMID: 34074283 PMCID: PMC8170730 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-021-00778-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, spiritual well-being has gradually gained the attention of health care providers in China, especially those in oncology departments, who have recognized the importance of improving spiritual well-being in cancer patients. Since most of the current research on spiritual well-being has been carried out in areas with religious beliefs, this study was conducted in the context of no development of formal religion. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between death anxiety and spiritual well-being and the related factors of spiritual well-being among gynecological cancer patients. Methods This cross-section study was conducted among 586 gynecological cancer patients. The European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-spiritual well-being32 (EORTC QLQ-SWB32) and Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (T-DAS) were used to measure spiritual well-being and death anxiety. The Multiple Linear Regression Model was used to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety. Results For all participants, the highest QLQ-SWB32 centesimal score was 75.13 on the Relationship with Other scale, and the lowest was 60.33 on the Relationship with Someone or Something Greater Scale. The mean Death Anxiety score was 5.31 (SD 3.18). We found that Relationship with Someone or Something Greater was the only scale not associated with death anxiety. Overall, patients with lower death anxiety have a higher level of spiritual well-being. Besides, a high Relationship with Other score was associated with living with a partner (B = 2.471, P < 0.001) and married (B = -6.475, P = 0.001). Patients with higher Global-SWB were retired (B = 0.387, P = 0.019). Conclusions Our study found that the spiritual well-being of patients with gynecological cancer in China was no worse than in other countries with religious beliefs and patients with lower death anxiety have a higher level of spiritual well-being. Clinical staff should pay attention to the spiritual health of cancer patients, and spiritual care should be regarded as an essential element in cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Feng
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingcan Liu
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, West China, China
| | - Tangwei Lin
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.,Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, West China, China
| | - Biru Luo
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Mou
- Good Clinical Practice Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianhua Ren
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Gynecology Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No.20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, West China, China.
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Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) in Iranian patients with cancer. Palliat Support Care 2021; 20:113-121. [PMID: 33958021 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951521000407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) is a widely used clinical scale which should be evaluated for Iranian patients with cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the SWBS in Iranian patients with cancer. METHOD This cross-sectional, methodological study was conducted among Iranian patients with cancer (n = 400). The participants were recruited using convenience sampling. The content, construct, convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability of the Persian version of the SWBS were evaluated. RESULTS A two-factor structure for the scale was indicated with the factors being: connecting with God and meaningless life that explained 54.18% of the total variance of the concept of spiritual well-being. The results demonstrated the model had a good fit. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and the inter-item correlation values of the factors indicated good internal consistency of the scale. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS These results suggest that the Persian version of the SWBS is a reliable and valid measure to assess the spiritual well-being of patients with cancer through 16 items related to connecting with God and meaningless life.
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Leung CH, Pong HK. Cross-sectional study of the relationship between the spiritual wellbeing and psychological health among university Students. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249702. [PMID: 33857211 PMCID: PMC8049307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
University students' spiritual wellbeing has been shown to be associated with quality, satisfaction, and joy of life. This study tested the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and symptoms of psychological disorders (i.e., depression, anxiety and stress) among Chinese university students in Hong Kong. Cross-sectional data were collected from N = 500 students (aged 17-24; 279 women). The participants were asked to complete the Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM) to evaluate the status of their spiritual wellbeing in the personal and communal, environmental, and transcendental domains, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) to assess their emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. All domains of spiritual wellbeing were negatively associated with psychological distress. Hierarchical Multiple Regression showed that together the three domains of spirituality explained 79.9%, 71.3% and 85.5% of the variance in students' depression, anxiety and stress respectively. The personal and communal domain of spiritual wellbeing was the strongest predictor of psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hung Leung
- Department of Special Education & Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hok Ko Pong
- Faculty of Management and Hospitality Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Khalsa DS, Newberg AB. Spiritual Fitness: A New Dimension in Alzheimer's Disease Prevention. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:505-519. [PMID: 33554917 PMCID: PMC8075383 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religious and spiritual interventions may have an effect on Alzheimer's disease prevention. Kirtan Kriya meditation has been shown to mitigate the deleterious effects of chronic stress on cognition, reverse memory loss, and create psychological and spiritual wellbeing, which may reduce multiple drivers of Alzheimer's disease risk. OBJECTIVE To detail a new concept in medicine called Spiritual Fitness, a merging of stress reduction, basic wellbeing, and psycho/spiritual wellbeing to prevent Alzheimer's disease. METHODS The literature on the topics mentioned above is described, including an in-depth discussion on why and how each are critical to advancing the future of Alzheimer's disease prevention. The many negative effects of chronic stress, and the benefits of Kirtan Kriya, are reviewed. The four pillars of basic wellbeing, six practical aspects of psychological wellbeing, and the four new non-sectarian features of spiritual fitness are then disclosed. Moreover, instructions on practicing Kirtan Kriya are offered in the Supplementary Material. CONCLUSION Religious and spiritual practices, including Kirtan Kriya, are crucial components in the development of enhanced cognition and well-being, which may help prevent and, in some cases, reverse cognitive decline. The key point of this review is that making a commitment to live a brain longevity lifestyle including spiritual fitness is a critically important way for aging Alzheimer's disease free. We hope that this article will inspire scientists, clinicians, and patients to embrace this new concept of spiritual fitness and make it a part of every multidomain program for the prevention of cognitive disability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew B. Newberg
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Radiology, Marcus Institute of Integrative Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Riklikienė O, Kaselienė S, Spirgienė L, Karosas L, Fisher JW. Spiritual Wellbeing of Cancer Patients: What Health-Related Factors Matter? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:2882-2898. [PMID: 32537692 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the predictors of spiritual wellbeing of non-terminal stage cancer patients hospitalized in oncology units in Lithuania. An exploratory cross-sectional study design was employed. During structured face-to-face interviews, 226 cancer patients hospitalized in oncology units responded about their spiritual wellbeing, perception of happiness, satisfaction with life, pain intensity, levels of education and physical functioning, and length of inpatient stay. A set of standardized tools were used: spiritual wellbeing scale SHALOM, brief multidimensional life satisfaction scale, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Barthel Index questionnaire, and verbal pain intensity scale. Additionally, social- and health-related factors were included in data analyses. Structural equation modeling was adapted for a comprehensive assessment of the mediating effect of spiritual wellbeing on the relationship between different health- and value-related factors. The overall fit of the structural model was generally good: [Formula: see text] = 66.94 (χ2/df = 2.31), CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.08, and SRMR = 0.06. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics) version 24.0 and Mplus version 8.2. Level of happiness, life satisfaction, and spiritual wellbeing scored in the moderate upper range. The communal domain of spiritual wellbeing rated with the highest mean score and transcendental domain with the lowest score. Education (b = 0.208, p = 0.004), physical functioning (b = 0.171, p = 0.025), and hospital duration (b = - 0.240, p = 0.001) were significant predictors of spiritual wellbeing. Happiness and life satisfaction were negatively influenced by pain intensity, which ranged from mild to moderate. Levels of education, physical functioning, and length of hospital stay predict spiritual wellbeing of non-terminally ill cancer patients. Happiness, as well as life satisfaction, was negatively predicted by pain intensity but had no direct influence on spiritual wellbeing of cancer patients. Spiritual wellbeing positively influences emotional wellbeing (happiness and life satisfaction), and its influence is stronger than the negative influence of physical pain has on emotional wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Riklikienė
- Department of Nursing and Care, Faculty of Nursing, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Room 607, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Snieguolė Kaselienė
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės str. 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lina Spirgienė
- Department of Nursing and Care, Faculty of Nursing, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, Room 607, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laima Karosas
- Quinnipiac University School of Nursing, 75 Mt Carmel Ave NH-HSC, Hamden, CT, 06518, USA
| | - John W Fisher
- Shalom Spiritual Health Services, 1A Hearn Rd, Brown Hill, VIC, 3350, Australia
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Marciniak R, Šumec R, Vyhnálek M, Bendíčková K, Lázničková P, Forte G, Jeleník A, Římalová V, Frič J, Hort J, Sheardová K. The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Depression, Cognition, and Immunity in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Feasibility Study. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1365-1381. [PMID: 32848377 PMCID: PMC7429186 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s249196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mindfulness-based programs have shown a promising effect on several health factors associated with increased risk of dementia and the conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia such as depression, stress, cognitive decline, immune system and brain structural and functional changes. Studies on mindfulness in MCI subjects are sparse and frequently lack control intervention groups. OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility and the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) practice on depression, cognition and immunity in MCI compared to cognitive training. METHODS Twenty-eight MCI subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. MBSR group underwent 8-week MBSR program. Control group underwent 8-week cognitive training. Their cognitive and immunological profiles and level of depressive symptoms were examined at baseline, after each 8-week intervention (visit 2, V2) and six months after each intervention (visit 3, V3). MBSR participants completed feasibility questionnaire at V2. RESULTS Twenty MCI patients completed the study (MBSR group n=12, control group n=8). MBSR group showed significant reduction in depressive symptoms at both V2 (p=0.03) and V3 (p=0.0461) compared to the baseline. There was a minimal effect on cognition - a group comparison analysis showed better psychomotor speed in the MBSR group compared to the control group at V2 (p=0.0493) but not at V3. There was a detectable change in immunological profiles in both groups, more pronounced in the MBSR group. Participants checked only positive/neutral answers concerning the attractivity/length of MBSR intervention. More severe cognitive decline (PVLT≤36) was associated with the lower adherence to home practice. CONCLUSION MBSR is well-accepted potentially promising intervention with positive effect on cognition, depressive symptoms and immunological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Marciniak
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rastislav Šumec
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vyhnálek
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Bendíčková
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lázničková
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Giancarlo Forte
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Jeleník
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Římalová
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frič
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hort
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Sheardová
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
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McKinley CE, Miller Scarnato J, Sanders S. Why Are So Many Indigenous Peoples Dying and No One Is Paying Attention? Depressive Symptoms and "Loss of Loved Ones" as a Result and Driver of Health Disparities. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2020; 85:88-113. [PMID: 32635802 DOI: 10.1177/0030222820939391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Indigenous peoples have not only experienced a devastating rate of historical loss of lives, they are more likely to experience mortality disparities. The purpose of this article is to examine Indigenous women's lived experiences of grief and loss in two Southeastern tribes and the relationship between depressive symptoms and recent loss of a loved one. Our exploratory sequential mixed-methods research was informed by the Indigenous based Framework of Historical Oppression, Resilience, and Transcendence (FHORT). We summarized key qualitative themes from ethnographic data from 287 female participants across the two tribes, collected through focus groups, family interviews, and individual interviews. We then quantitatively examined how these themes predicted depressive outcomes among 127 respondents. Specifically, we examined associations between depressive symptoms and components of historical oppression-historical loss, loss of lives, and the presence of PTSD symptoms-along with resilience and transcendence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Miller Scarnato
- City, Culture, & Community Doctoral Program, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Sara Sanders
- School of Social Work, University of Iowa, lowa, United States
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Burnette CE, Boel-Studt S, Renner LM, Figley CR, Theall KP, Miller Scarnato J, Billiot S. The Family Resilience Inventory: A Culturally Grounded Measure of Current and Family-of-Origin Protective Processes in Native American Families. FAMILY PROCESS 2020; 59:695-708. [PMID: 30811593 PMCID: PMC6716378 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to introduce the Family Resilience Inventory (FRI) and present findings on initial efforts to validate this measure. The FRI is designed to assess family resilience in one's current family and in one's family of origin, enabling the assessment of family protective factors across these generations. The development of the FRI was the result of many years of ethnographic research with Southeastern Native American tribes; yet, we believe that this scale is applicable to families of various backgrounds. Items for the FRI were derived directly from thematic analysis of qualitative data with 436 participants, resulting in two 20-item scales. Due to missing data, eight cases were removed from the 127 participants across two tribes, resulting in an analytic sample size of 119. Conceptually, the FRI is comprised of two factors or scales measuring distinct dimensions of family resilience (i.e., resilience in one's current family and resilience in one's family of origin). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized two-factor structure (X2 (644) = 814.14, p = .03, X2 /df = 1.10, RMSEA = .03, CFI = .97, TLI = .96). Both the subscales and the total FRI scale (α = .92) demonstrated excellent reliability. The results also provided preliminary evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. This measure fills a gap in the absence of community-based, culturally grounded, and empirical measures of family resilience. The examination of family resilience, which may occur across generations, is an exciting new contribution of the FRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shanondora Billiot
- University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana School of Social Work, Champaign-Urbana, IL
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Spiritual Health as Experienced by Muslim Adults in Iran: A Qualitative Content Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/semj.88715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Objectives: Previous studies pointed at positive associations between spirituality and Subjective Wellbeing (SWB) in later life, but were typically limited to one dimension of spirituality and/or one measure of SWB. Applying Fisher's (2010) multidimensional approach to spirituality and measuring both positive and negative aspects of SWB, this study aims at providing deeper understanding of this association. Method: The study was based on an online survey with 306 individuals aged 50 years and over. The questionnaire included the SHALOM spirituality scale as well as measures of depression, satisfaction with life, and personal background. Results: Personal and communal spirituality were the most dominant domains reported by study participants, followed by environmental spirituality. Transcendental spirituality was the least reported domain. Personal spirituality was the only domain positively associated with SWB (lower depression and higher life satisfaction), whereas communal and transcendental spirituality were associated with more depression. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that not all spirituality domains are equally dominant in people's lives or positively associate with SWB. They also suggest that encouraging elderly people to develop their personal spirituality and self-growth may contribute to their wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Lifshitz
- a Department of Communication Studies, Ben-Gurion Universuty of the Negev, Beer Sheva , Israel.,b Herczeg Institute on Aging , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Galit Nimrod
- a Department of Communication Studies, Ben-Gurion Universuty of the Negev, Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Yaacov G Bachner
- c Department of Public Health , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva , Israel
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Sadat Hoseini AS, Razaghi N, Khosro Panah AH, Dehghan Nayeri N. A Concept Analysis of Spiritual Health. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2019; 58:1025-1046. [PMID: 29134438 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spiritual health is an important dimension of health and forms part of a comprehensive care. This study was conducted to redefine and clarify the components of spiritual health based on different worldviews through Walker and Avant's concept analysis method. Being given a life and a soul and having beliefs are the antecedents of spiritual health. The attributes of this concept include a morality-oriented intellectual connectedness with the self, others, and the universe guided by a connection with the Transcendent and Superior being in order to create meaning in life and find its purpose in the context of culture and religion; transcendence is ultimately the consequence of spiritual heath. Using the attributes appeared in this conceptual analysis, nurses can evaluate the spiritual health of their clients and help them create positive outcome by providing appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Sadat Sadat Hoseini
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Razaghi
- Pediatric Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Nosrat St, Tohid Sq, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Nahid Dehghan Nayeri
- Nursing Management Department, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mathad MD, Rajesh SK, Pradhan B. Spiritual Well-Being and Its Relationship with Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Satisfaction with Life in Baccalaureate Nursing Students: A Correlation Study. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2019; 58:554-565. [PMID: 29214405 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0532-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the correlates and predictors of spiritual well-being among nursing students. One hundred and forty-five BSc nursing students were recruited from three nursing colleges in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Data were collected using SHALOM, FMI, SCS-SF and SWLS questionnaires and analysed by the Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results of our study revealed a significant correlation between variables, and a considerable amount of variance was explained by self-compassion, mindfulness and satisfaction with life on personal, communal, environmental and transcendental domains of spiritual well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monali D Mathad
- Department of Yoga and Humanities, S-VYASA University, #19, Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram Circle, Kempe Gowda Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560019, India.
| | - S K Rajesh
- Department of Yoga and Physical Sciences, S-VYASA University, #19, Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram Circle, Kempe Gowda Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560019, India
| | - Balaram Pradhan
- Department of Yoga and Humanities, S-VYASA University, #19, Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram Circle, Kempe Gowda Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560019, India
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Jirásek I, Hurych E. The perception of spiritual health differences between citizens and physicians in the Czech Republic. Health Promot Int 2019; 33:858-866. [PMID: 28505323 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dax024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on a phenomenon known as spiritual health. Although the scientific literature defines the concept of this health component (in relation to other dimensions, i.e. physical, mental and social health), there is no agreement concerning its relation to religiousness. The aim of this research is to find out the views of citizens (n = 1810) and physicians (n = 1200) in the Czech Republic on the potential dimension of health in its spiritual mode, and on the understanding of its content by those who acknowledge its existence. One of the main research findings is that physicians in the Czech Republic acknowledge the existence of spiritual health (47.0%) to a significantly greater extent than citizens of the country (26.4%). In both groups of respondents, the understanding varies in the discourse of psychology (psychiatry), theology, in the preference for harmony, and in medical care. The acknowledgement of spiritual health depends strongly on gender (women acknowledge the existence of this phenomenon more than men), religious belief (religious physicians, as well as religious citizens and members and non-members of churches and religious societies, acknowledge the existence of spiritual health significantly more compared with atheists) and education (with increasing education the proportion of citizens who acknowledge the existence of spiritual health rises considerably-the highest proportion is found in university graduates). Spiritual health is shown to be an important public health issue, even in a strongly secularized society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Jirásek
- Department of Recreration and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Emanuel Hurych
- Department of Recreration and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Nash A, Collier C, Engebretson J, Cron S. Testing the Feasibility of Measuring Recovery in Adolescent Participants of an Alternative Peer Group: Lessons Learned and Next Steps. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0743558418822332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to report lessons learned from feasibility challenges faced in a mixed-methods study designed to test the feasibility of measuring recovery in participants of an Alternative Peer Group (APG). The APG integrates pro-recovery peers and social activities into clinical practice to engage adolescents in recovery. Though well established, APGs have never been tested. This study was one phase in a line of research that aims to develop an APG evidence base. The study used a mixed-methods design and naturalistic sampling of participants of one APG program. Repeated measures analysis with linear mixed models was planned to test the hypothesis that spending time in the APG builds recovery capital, resulting in progress in the processes of recovery, and improved symptoms. Semistructured interviews were conducted and framework analysis was used to explore feasibility challenges. Recruitment and retention challenges precluded meaningful measurement of change over time in recovery. Lessons learned from qualitative findings informed multiple strategies for revisions to strengthen future study protocols. Recruitment and retention of adolescents are common challenges that can threaten a study’s validity. Researchers seeking to recruit and retain adolescents with SUD in longitudinal studies may benefit from strategies derived from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Nash
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | | | | | - Stanley Cron
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
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Gómez Ramírez OY, Henao Castaño AM, Fuentes Ramírez A, Díaz Heredia LP, Molano-Pirazán ML. Bienestar espiritual en el ámbito hospitalario: aportes para la humanización en salud. REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA DE BIOÉTICA 2018. [DOI: 10.18359/rlbi.3627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar el bienestar espiritual (BE) del personal de enfermería y su aporte ético a la humanización en salud. El método seguido corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal. El muestreo es no probabilístico, constituido por 148 enfermeros de dos instituciones de salud de la ciudad de Bogotá (A y B). Se aplicó instrumento SHALOM-3 para medir el bienestar espiritual (disonancia y armonía) en los dominios personal, trascendental, ambiental y comunal. En cuanto a los resultados, la evaluación del BE mostró un alto porcentaje de armonía en las dos instituciones; sin embargo, se encontraron porcentajes de disonancia en la institución B, en los dominios trascendental (16 % vs 22 %), ambiental (12 % vs 19 %) y personal (11% vs 18%). Se destaca la importancia del Bienestar Espiritual para la humanización de los servicios de salud en el ámbito hospitalario, dado que contribuye a la mejora continua y a la garantía de calidad, preocupaciones relevantes para la bioética en el estudio del clima ético en las instituciones de salud.
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Translation and Validation of Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire SHALOM in Lithuanian Language, Culture and Health Care Practice. RELIGIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9050156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Biglari Abhari M, Fisher JW, Kheiltash A, Nojomi M. Validation of the Persian Version of Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaires. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 43:276-285. [PMID: 29892145 PMCID: PMC5993904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spiritual well-being is an important issue in health sciences, hence the need for validated instruments to assess this aspect of health in the Iranian population. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of the Persian versions of 2 most common measures of spiritual health (Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire [SWBQ] or Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure [SHALOM] and Spiritual Well-Being Scale [SWBS]). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study via a convenience sampling method in Iran University of Medical Sciences with 170 participants aged above 18 years comprising students, teachers, and administrative staff and managers. The study was conducted from September 7, 2014 to September 20, 2015 in Tehran. Four questionnaires, namely the SWBQ, SWBS, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), were used. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 18 and LISREL (version 8.2). Cronbach's alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. RESULTS Cronbach's alpha for the SWBQ and the SWBS was greater than 0.85. The repeatability of both questionnaires was between 0.88 and 0.98. The Pearson correlation for the SWBQ and the SWBS ranged from 0.33 to 0.53; and all the correlations were significant. The respondents who indicated a higher spiritual well-being also reported better general health and happiness. CONCLUSION The Persian versions of the SWBS and the SWBQ have good reliability, repeatability, and validity to assess spiritual health in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrayam Biglari Abhari
- Community Medicine Specialist, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
| | - John W. Fisher
- Faculty of Education and Arts, Federation University Australia; Institute of Health, Medical Sciences and Society, University of Glyndŵr, Wales, Hon; Rural Health Academic Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia;
| | - Azita Kheiltash
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Marzieh Nojomi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nunes SAN, Fernandes HM, Fisher JW, Fernandes MG. Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the lived experience component of the Spiritual Health And Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:2. [PMID: 32026079 PMCID: PMC6967285 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-018-0083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study had the following aims: (i) to translate the Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure (SHALOM) into Brazilian Portuguese and adapt it to ensure the semantic/conceptual equivalence and content validity of the Brazilian version and (ii) to analyse the psychometric properties-reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity and factorial validity-of the lived experience component, also called the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ), in a calibration sample and in a validation sample of Brazilian adults. The calibration sample comprised 436 subjects, 159 men and 277 women, aged between 18 and 79 years (mean age = 32.20 years; SD = 11.46); the validation study sample comprised 388 subjects, 253 women and 135 men, aged between 18 and 59 years (mean age = 30.59 years; SD = 9.44). All subjects completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian SWBQ and the Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS). The results provide evidence of the reliability and factorial validity of an oblique four-factor model of a reduced 17-item version but revealed some problems with the convergent validity of the communal and personal factors (average variance extracted < .50). Nonetheless, these results provide evidence that the Brazilian version of the lived experience component of SHALOM (or SWBQb) has good psychometric properties and is a valid method of evaluating the spiritual health of Brazilian adults. Further research is required to establish the convergent and discriminant validity of this reduced version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Adriana Neves Nunes
- Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Rua Itabuna, s/n, Rod. Ilhéus-Vitória da Conquista, Km 39, Br 415, Ferradas, Itabuna, BA, 45613-204, Brazil.
| | - Helder Miguel Fernandes
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Campus Desportivo, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - John Wayne Fisher
- University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen VIC, Ballarat, Victoria, 3350, Australia
| | - Marcos Gimenes Fernandes
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade - Rod. Jorge Amado, km 16 - Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
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Valdivia LJ, Alves LP, Rocha NS. Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure: Psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version. J Health Psychol 2018; 25:1187-1197. [PMID: 29322831 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317751619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to translate into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate the main psychometric properties from Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure in a sample of 487 students aged 9-15 years in Southern Brazil. Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure is divided into Ideals and Lived Experience sections and showed high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.94). Comparison of mean values between age showed a tendency to decrease spirituality scores with increasing age. Discriminate validity of mean scores between groups of atheists, "spiritual, but not religious," and religious was significant in all domains (0.026 < p < 0.001). Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure presents adequate psychometric properties and may contribute to study spirituality in children and adolescents.
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Elhai N, Carmel S, O'Rourke N, Bachner YG. Translation and validation of the Hebrew version of the SHALOM Spiritual questionnaire. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:46-52. [PMID: 27597054 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1222350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SHALOM questionnaire is based on a multidimensional perception of spirituality. This study examines the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Hebrew version of Fisher's SHALOM questionnaire. METHODS The study included 341 participants. Tools included the SHALOM questionnaire and measures for evaluation of well-being. The factorial structure of the SHALOM was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Concurrent validity was also tested. RESULTS EFA supported the four-dimensional structure of the questionnaire. Internal consistency of the four dimensions ranges from adequate to excellent (0.72 < α < 0.96). Concurrent validity was supported by the positive associations between SHALOM and indices of life satisfaction, will to live, and participant's health perception and by negative association with depressive symptoms and fear of dying. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that responses to the Hebrew version of the SHALOM questionnaire are valid and reliable, and can be used as an efficient tool for evaluation of spiritual well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Elhai
- a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel
| | - Sara Carmel
- a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel
| | - Norm O'Rourke
- a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel
| | - Yaacov G Bachner
- a Department of Public Health and Centre of Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beersheba , Israel
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