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Konopińska N, Gmyrek R, Bylewska N, Tchórzewska S, Nowicki G, Lubawy J, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Urbański A. The allatotropin/orexin system as an example of immunomodulatory properties of neuropeptides. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 171:104149. [PMID: 38871133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) plays a critical role in signal integration in animals and allows the orchestration of life processes to maintain homeostasis. Current research clearly shows that inflammatory processes can also be modulated by the CNS via the neuroendocrine system. One of the neuropeptide families that participate in vertebrates in this process is orexins (OXs). Interestingly, our previous results suggested that a similar dependency may also exist between neuropeptides and immune system activity in insects. Due to the structural homology of orexin and allatotropin receptors and the functional similarity between these two neuropeptide families, the main aim of this research was to perform a complex analysis of the relationships between allatotropin (AT) and the insect immune response. Our results revealed functional similarities between vertebrate OXs and insect ATs. Similar effects were observed in the profile of the expression level of the gene encoding the AT precursor in the Tenebrio molitor nervous system and in the general action of Tenmo-AT on selected immune parameters of the tested beetles. Moreover, for the first time in insects, we confirmed the role of cytokines in the modulation of neuroendocrine system by determining the effect of Spätzle-like protein injection on the expression of genes encoding AT precursor and receptor. All these results are important for understanding the evolutionary basis of hormonal regulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Konopińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Radosław Gmyrek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Bylewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sara Tchórzewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Jan Lubawy
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Walkowiak-Nowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Urbański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
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2
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Dvornikova KA, Platonova ON, Bystrova EY. The Role of TRP Channels in Sepsis and Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4784. [PMID: 38731999 PMCID: PMC11084600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, several members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels which provide a wide array of roles have been found in the gastrointestinal tract (GI). The goal of earlier research was to comprehend the intricate signaling cascades that contribute to TRP channel activation as well as how these receptors' activity affects other systems. Moreover, there is a large volume of published studies describing the role of TRP channels in a number of pathological disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and sepsis. Nevertheless, the generalizability of these results is subject to certain limitations. For instance, the study of IBD relies on various animal models and experimental methods, which are unable to precisely imitate the multifactorial chronic disease. The diverse pathophysiological mechanisms and unique susceptibility of animals may account for the inconsistency of the experimental data collected. The main purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review and analysis of existing studies on transient receptor potential (TRP) channels implicating specific models of colitis and sepsis, with particular emphasis on their involvement in pathological disorders such as IBD and sepsis. Furthermore, the text endeavors to evaluate the generalizability of experimental findings, taking into consideration the limitations posed by animal models and experimental methodologies. Finally, we also provide an updated schematic of the most important and possible molecular signaling pathways associated with TRP channels in IBD and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Y. Bystrova
- I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology RAS, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (K.A.D.); (O.N.P.)
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3
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Ambrogi M, Vezina CM. Roles of airway and intestinal epithelia in responding to pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1346087. [PMID: 38736751 PMCID: PMC11082347 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1346087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells form a resilient barrier and orchestrate defensive and reparative mechanisms to maintain tissue stability. This review focuses on gut and airway epithelia, which are positioned where the body interfaces with the outside world. We review the many signaling pathways and mechanisms by which epithelial cells at the interface respond to invading pathogens to mount an innate immune response and initiate adaptive immunity and communicate with other cells, including resident microbiota, to heal damaged tissue and maintain homeostasis. We compare and contrast how airway and gut epithelial cells detect pathogens, release antimicrobial effectors, collaborate with macrophages, Tregs and epithelial stem cells to mount an immune response and orchestrate tissue repair. We also describe advanced research models for studying epithelial communication and behaviors during inflammation, tissue injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chad M. Vezina
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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4
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Zhou E, Zhang L, He L, Xiao Y, Zhang K, Luo B. Cold exposure, gut microbiota and health implications: A narrative review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170060. [PMID: 38242473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Temperature has been recognized as an important environmental factor affecting the composition and function of gut microbiota (GM). Although research on high-temperature impacts has been well studied, knowledge about the effect of cold exposure on GM remains limited. This narrative review aims to synthesize the latest scientific findings on the impact of cold exposure on mammalian GM, and its potential health implications. Chronic cold exposure could disrupt the α-diversity and the composition of GM in both experimental animals and wild-living hosts. Meanwhile, cold exposure could impact gut microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. We also discussed plausible biological pathways and mechanisms by which cold-induced changes may impact host health, including metabolic homeostasis, fitness and thermogenesis, through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Intriguingly, alterations in GM may provide a tool for favorably modulating the host response to the cold temperature. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed, emphasizing the need for translational research in humans. GM could be manipulated by utilizing nutritional strategies, such as probiotics and prebiotics, to deal with cold-related health issues and enhance well-being in populations living or working in cold environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkai Zhou
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Li He
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ya Xiao
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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5
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Wang X, Wang Y, Huo H, Zhou G, Li Y, Liang F, Xue J, Shi X, Yin A, Xiao Q, Yuan R, Pan C, Shen L, He B. Transient Receptor Vanilloid Subtype 4-Mediated Ca 2+ Influx Promotes Glomerular Endothelial Inflammation in Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100126. [PMID: 36889540 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is a frequent complication in patients who are critically ill, which is often initiated by glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction. Although transient receptor vanilloid subtype 4 (TRPV4) ion channels are known to be permeable to Ca2+ and are widely expressed in the kidneys, the role of TRPV4 on glomerular endothelial inflammation in sepsis remains elusive. In the present study, we found that TRPV4 expression in mouse glomerular endothelial cells (MGECs) increased after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation or cecal ligation and puncture challenge, which increased intracellular Ca2+ in MGECs. Furthermore, the inhibition or knockdown of TRPV4 suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation and translocation of inflammatory transcription factors NF-κB and IRF-3 in MGECs. Clamping intracellular Ca2+ mimicked LPS-induced responses observed in the absence of TRPV4. In vivo experiments showed that the pharmacologic blockade or knockdown of TRPV4 reduced glomerular endothelial inflammatory responses, increased survival rate, and improved renal function in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis without altering renal cortical blood perfusion. Taken together, our results suggest that TRPV4 promotes glomerular endothelial inflammation in S-AKI and that its inhibition or knockdown alleviates glomerular endothelial inflammation by reducing Ca2+ overload and NF-κB/IRF-3 activation. These findings provide insights that may aid in the development of novel pharmacologic strategies for the treatment of S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyuan Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anwen Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruosen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linghong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Urbański A, Konopińska N, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Roizman D, Lubawy J, Radziej M, Rolff J. Functional homology of tachykinin signalling: The influence of human substance P on the immune system of the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor L. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:104669. [PMID: 36791872 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) are one of the most prominent families of neuropeptides in the animal kingdom. Insect TRPs display strong structural and functional homology to vertebrate tachykinins (TKs). To study functional homologies between these two neuropeptide families, the influence of human substance P (SP, one of the essential vertebrate TKs) on the immune system of the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor L., was analysed. Human SP influences the phagocytic abilities of T. molitor haemocytes. Peptide injection leads to an increase in the number of haemocytes participating in the phagocytosis of latex beads. In contrast, incubation of haemocytes from non-injected beetles in a solution of physiological saline and SP causes a decrease in phagocytic activity. Treatment with human SP also led to increased adhesion of haemocytes, but no changes in the arrangement of the F-actin cytoskeleton were observed. Interestingly, 6 h after human SP injection, increased DNA integrity in T. molitor haemocytes was reported. The opposite effects were observed 24 h after SP injection. Human SP caused the upregulation of humoral immune responses, such as phenoloxidase (PO) activity in the T. molitor haemolymph, and the downregulation of immune-related genes encoding coleoptericin A, tenecin 3 and Toll receptor. However, genes encoding attacin 2 and cecropin were upregulated. Despite these differences, the antimicrobial activity of T. molitor haemolymph was significantly lower in beetles injected with SP than in control beetles. Moreover, an analysis of the direct influence of SP on lysozyme activity was performed. Our results suggest that SP at a concentration of 10-6 M can directly inhibit lysozyme activity. However, an opposite effect was reported after the application of SP at a concentration of 10-4 M. The presented results suggest structural and functional homology between TK signalling in vertebrates and insects. Primarily, this was visible in the context of the humoral response and general antimicrobial activity of T. molitor haemolymph. However, some of the results related to haemocyte function may also indicate the importance of the TK and TRP sequences for evoking immunological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Urbański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - N Konopińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Walkowiak-Nowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - D Roizman
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Lubawy
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Radziej
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - J Rolff
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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7
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Rahardjo HE, Ückert S, Kuczyk MA, Hedlund P. Expression and distribution of the transient receptor potential cationic channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in the human seminal vesicles. Health Sci Rep 2022; 6:e987. [PMCID: PMC9742597 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The transient receptor potential cationic channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a channel protein permeable to most divalent cations, has been suggested to play a role in mechano‐afferent/efferent signaling (including the release of neurotransmitters) in the human urinary tract (bladder, prostate, and urethra). To date, only a few studies have addressed the expression of this receptor in male and female reproductive tissues. The present study aimed to evaluate human seminal vesicles (SVs) for the expression and localization of TRPA1. Methods SV tissue was obtained from 5 males who had undergone pelvic surgery due to malignancies of the prostate or urinary bladder. The expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) specifically encoding for the TRPA1 protein was elucidated by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Using immunohistochemical methods, the distribution of TRPA1 was examined in relation to the endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases (eNOS, nNOS) and the neuropeptides calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Results RT‐PCR revealed signals related to the expected molecular size of 656 bp. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that TRPA1 is located in nerves running through the smooth muscle portion of the SV. Here, the protein is in part co‐localized with nNOS and CGRP, whereas no co‐localization with VIP was registered. Dot‐like signals specific for TRPA1 were observed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells lining the lumen of glandular spaces. The epithelial layer also presented staining for eNOS. The smooth musculature appeared free of immunosignals for TRPA1. Conclusion The results convincingly show the expression of TRPA1 in nerve endings as well as in epithelial cells of the SV. Based on its location in epithelial cells, TRPA1 might be involved in the mechanism of the NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)‐mediated signaling and also the control of secretory function (mediated by cyclic GMP) in the human SV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrina E. Rahardjo
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalUniversity of IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia,Department of Urology & Urological Oncology, Hannover Medical SchoolDivision of SurgeryHannoverGermany
| | - Stefan Ückert
- Department of Urology & Urological Oncology, Hannover Medical SchoolDivision of SurgeryHannoverGermany
| | - Markus A. Kuczyk
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalUniversity of IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Petter Hedlund
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
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8
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Hulina-Tomašković A, Somborac-Bačura A, Grdić Rajković M, Hlapčić I, Jonker MR, Heijink IH, Rumora L. Extracellular Hsp70 modulates 16HBE cells' inflammatory responses to cigarette smoke and bacterial components lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:587-597. [PMID: 36029374 PMCID: PMC9485373 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to chronic inflammation, while bacterial components lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) are often present in airways of COPD patients, especially during exacerbations.We hypothesised that extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHsp70), a damage-associated molecular pattern elevated in serum of COPD patients, induces inflammation and alters cigarette smoke and LPS/LTA-induced inflammatory effects in the airway epithelium.We used 16HBE cells exposed to recombinant human (rh)Hsp70 and its combinations with cigarette smoke extract (CSE), LPS or LTA to investigate those assumptions, and we determined pro-inflammatory cytokines' secretion as well as TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression.rhHsp70 and CSE alone stimulated IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α secretion. CSE and rhHsp70 had antagonistic effect on IL-6 secretion, while combinations of LPS or LTA with rhHsp70 showed antagonistic effect on TNF-α release. By using specific inhibitors, we demonstrated that effects of rhHsp70 on cytokines' secretion were mediated via NF-κB and/or MAPK signalling pathways. rhHsp70 increased, and CSE decreased TLR2 gene expression compared to untreated cells, but their combinations increased it compared to CSE alone. LPS and rhHsp70 combinations decreased TLR2 gene expression compared to untreated cells. TLR4 expression was not induced by any of the treatments.In conclusion, we demonstrated that extracellular Hsp70 modulates pro-inflammatory responses of human airway epithelial cells to cigarette smoke and bacterial components LPS and LTA. Simultaneous presence of those compounds and their interactions might lead to inappropriate immune responses and adverse consequences in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hulina-Tomašković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Somborac-Bačura
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Grdić Rajković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Hlapčić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marnix R Jonker
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lada Rumora
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Mutations of γCOP Gene Disturb Drosophila melanogaster Innate Immune Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126499. [PMID: 35742941 PMCID: PMC9223523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster (the fruit fly) is a valuable experimental platform for modeling host–pathogen interactions. It is also commonly used to define innate immunity pathways and to understand the mechanisms of both host tolerance to commensal microbiota and response to pathogenic agents. Herein, we investigate how the host response to bacterial infection is mirrored in the expression of genes of Imd and Toll pathways when D. melanogaster strains with different γCOP genetic backgrounds are infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Using microarray technology, we have interrogated the whole-body transcriptome of infected versus uninfected fruit fly males with three specific genotypes, namely wild-type Oregon, γCOPS057302/TM6B and γCOP14a/γCOP14a. While the expression of genes pertaining to Imd and Toll is not significantly modulated by P. aeruginosa infection in Oregon males, many of the components of these cascades are up- or downregulated in both infected and uninfected γCOPS057302/TM6B and γCOP14a/γCOP14a males. Thus, our results suggest that a γCOP genetic background modulates the gene expression profiles of Imd and Toll cascades involved in the innate immune response of D. melanogaster, inducing the occurrence of immunological dysfunctions in γCOP mutants.
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Zhang XY, Wang DH. Gut Microbial Community and Host Thermoregulation in Small Mammals. Front Physiol 2022; 13:888324. [PMID: 35480035 PMCID: PMC9035535 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.888324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endotherms, particularly the small mammals living in the polar region and temperate zone, are faced with extreme challenges for maintaining stable core body temperatures in harsh cold winter. The non-hibernating small mammals increase metabolic rate including obligatory thermogenesis (basal/resting metabolic rate, BMR/RMR) and regulatory thermogenesis (mainly nonshivering thermogenesis, NST, in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle) to maintain thermal homeostasis in cold conditions. A substantial amount of evidence indicates that the symbiotic gut microbiota are sensitive to air temperature, and play an important function in cold-induced thermoregulation, via bacterial metabolites and byproducts such as short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids. Cold signal is sensed by specific thermosensitive transient receptor potential channels (thermo-TRPs), and then norepinephrine (NE) is released from sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and thyroid hormones also increase to induce NST. Meanwhile, these neurotransmitters and hormones can regulate the diversity and compositions of the gut microbiota. Therefore, cold-induced NST is controlled by both Thermo-TRPs—SNS—gut microbiota axis and thyroid—gut microbiota axis. Besides physiological thermoregulation, small mammals also rely on behavioral regulation, such as huddling and coprophagy, to maintain energy and thermal homeostasis, and the gut microbial community is involved in these processes. The present review summarized the recent progress in the gut microbiota and host physiological and behavioral thermoregulation in small mammals for better understanding the evolution and adaption of holobionts (host and symbiotic microorganism). The coevolution of host-microorganism symbionts promotes individual survival, population maintenance, and species coexistence in the ecosystems with complicated, variable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - De-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: De-Hua Wang,
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Nukaeow K, Patinotham N, Tanasawet S, Kaewpitak A. Upregulation of TRPA1 and reduction of NF-κB translocation could be part of the immunomodulatory process during primary tooth inflammation. Odontology 2022; 110:777-785. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Al-Luhaibi ZII, Dernovics Á, Seprényi G, Ayaydin F, Boldogkői Z, Veréb Z, Megyeri K. IL-36α and Lipopolysaccharide Cooperatively Induce Autophagy by Triggering Pro-Autophagic Biased Signaling. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1541. [PMID: 34829770 PMCID: PMC8615041 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process that controls infections both directly and indirectly via its multifaceted effects on the innate and adaptive immune responses. It has been reported that LPS stimulates this cellular process, whereas the effect of IL-36α on autophagy remains largely unknown. We therefore investigated how IL-36α modulates the endogenous and LPS-induced autophagy in THP-1 cells. The levels of LC3B-II and autophagic flux were determined by Western blotting. The intracellular localization of LC3B was measured by immunofluorescence assay. The activation levels of signaling pathways implicated in autophagy regulation were evaluated by using a phosphokinase array. Our results showed that combined IL-36α and LPS treatment cooperatively increased the levels of LC3B-II and Beclin-1, stimulated the autophagic flux, facilitated intracellular redistribution of LC3B, and increased the average number of autophagosomes per cell. The IL36α/LPS combined treatment increased phosphorylation of STAT5a/b, had minimal effect on the Akt/PRAS40/mTOR pathway, and reduced the levels of phospho-Yes, phospho-FAK, and phospho-WNK1. Thus, this cytokine/PAMP combination triggers pro-autophagic biased signaling by several mechanisms and thus cooperatively stimulates the autophagic cascade. An increased autophagic activity of innate immune cells simultaneously exposed to IL-36α and LPS may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid I. I. Al-Luhaibi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.I.I.A.-L.); (Á.D.)
| | - Áron Dernovics
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.I.I.A.-L.); (Á.D.)
| | - György Seprényi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Kossuth L. sgt. 40, H-6724 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM) Nonprofit Ltd., Római krt. 21, H-6723 Szeged, Hungary;
- Biological Research Centre, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Temesvári krt. 62, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Boldogkői
- Department of Medical Biology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Somogyi Béla u. 4, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Klára Megyeri
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.I.I.A.-L.); (Á.D.)
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13
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Naert R, López-Requena A, Talavera K. TRPA1 Expression and Pathophysiology in Immune Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111460. [PMID: 34768891 PMCID: PMC8583806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-selective cation channel TRPA1 is best known as a broadly-tuned sensor expressed in nociceptive neurons, where it plays key functions in chemo-, thermo-, and mechano-sensing. However, in this review we illustrate how this channel is expressed also in cells of the immune system. TRPA1 has been detected, mainly with biochemical techniques, in eosinophils, mast cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells, but not in neutrophils. Functional measurements, in contrast, remain very scarce. No studies have been reported in basophils and NK cells. TRPA1 in immune cells has been linked to arthritis (neutrophils), anaphylaxis and atopic dermatitis (mast cells), atherosclerosis, renal injury, cardiac hypertrophy and inflammatory bowel disease (macrophages), and colitis (T cells). The contribution of TRPA1 to immunity is dual: as detector of cell stress, tissue injury, and exogenous noxious stimuli it leads to defensive responses, but in conditions of aberrant regulation it contributes to the exacerbation of inflammatory conditions. Future studies should aim at characterizing the functional properties of TRPA1 in immune cells, an essential step in understanding its roles in inflammation and its potential as therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.N.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Alejandro López-Requena
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.N.); (A.L.-R.)
- Ablynx, Technologiepark 21, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.N.); (A.L.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-330469
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14
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Boonen B, Startek JB, Milici A, López-Requena A, Beelen M, Callaerts P, Talavera K. Activation of Drosophila melanogaster TRPA1 Isoforms by Citronellal and Menthol. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010997. [PMID: 34681657 PMCID: PMC8541009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channels function as broadly-tuned sensors of noxious chemicals in many species. Recent studies identified four functional TRPA1 isoforms in Drosophila melanogaster (dTRPA1(A) to (D)), but their responses to non-electrophilic chemicals are yet to be fully characterized. METHODS We determined the behavioral responses of adult flies to the mammalian TRPA1 non-electrophilic activators citronellal and menthol, and characterized the effects of these compounds on all four dTRPA1 channel isoforms using intracellular Ca2+ imaging and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. RESULTS Wild type flies avoided citronellal and menthol in an olfactory test and this behavior was reduced in dTrpA1 mutant flies. Both compounds activate all dTRPA1 isoforms in the heterologous expression system HEK293T, with the following sensitivity series: dTRPA1(C) = dTRPA1(D) > dTRPA1(A) ≫ dTRPA1(B) for citronellal and dTRPA1(A) > dTRPA1(D) > dTRPA1(C) > dTRPA1(B) for menthol. CONCLUSIONS dTrpA1 was required for the normal avoidance of Drosophila melanogaster towards citronellal and menthol. All dTRPA1 isoforms are activated by both compounds, but the dTRPA1(B) is consistently the least sensitive. We discuss how these findings may guide further studies on the physiological roles and the structural bases of chemical sensitivity of TRPA1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Boonen
- Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB-KU 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Justyna B. Startek
- Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB-KU 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Alina Milici
- Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB-KU 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Alejandro López-Requena
- Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB-KU 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Melissa Beelen
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Developmental Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Patrick Callaerts
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Developmental Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Karel Talavera
- Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB-KU 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (B.B.); (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (A.L.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-330-469
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15
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Hsu WL, Noda M, Yoshioka T, Ito E. A novel strategy for treating cancer: understanding the role of Ca2+ signaling from nociceptive TRP channels in regulating cancer progression. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021; 2:401-415. [PMID: 36045706 PMCID: PMC9400763 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an aging-associated disease and caused by genomic instability that is driven by the accumulation of mutations and epimutations in the aging process. Although Ca2+ signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence inflammation response (SIR) are processed during genomic instability, the underlying mechanism for the cause of genomic instability and cancer development is still poorly understood and needs to be investigated. Nociceptive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, which firstly respond to environmental stimuli, such as microbes, chemicals or physical injuries, potentiate regulation of the aging process by Ca2+ signaling. In this review, the authors provide an explanation of the dual role of nociceptive TRP channels in regulating cancer progression, initiating cancer progression by aging-induced genomic instability, and promoting malignancy by epigenetic regulation. Thus, therapeutically targeting nociceptive TRP channels seems to be a novel strategy for treating cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mami Noda
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tohru Yoshioka
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; Department of Biology, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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16
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Tobita N, Tsuneto K, Ito S, Yamamoto T. Human TRPV1 and TRPA1 are receptors for bacterial quorum sensing molecules. J Biochem 2021; 170:775-785. [PMID: 34557892 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 by N-acyl homoserine lactones, quorum sensing molecules produced by Gram-negative bacteria, and the inhibitory effect of TRPV1 and TRPA1 by autoinducing peptides, quorum sensing molecules produced by Gram-positive bacteria, using human embryonic kidney 293T cell lines stably expressing human TRPV1 and TRPA1, respectively. As a result, we found that some N-acyl homoserine lactones, such as N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), N-nonanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C9-HSL) and N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) activated both TRPV1 and TRPA1. In addition, we clarified that some N-acyl homoserine lactones, for example, N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) only activated TRPV1, and N-acyl homoserine lactones having saturated short acyl chain, such as N-acetyl-L-homoserine lactone (C2-HSL) and N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) only activated TRPA1, respectively. Furthermore, we found that an autoinducing peptide, simple linear peptide CHWPR, inhibited both TRPV1 and TRPA1, and peptide having thiolactone ring DICNAYF, thiolactone ring were formed between C3 to F7, strongly inhibited only the TRPV1. Although the specificity of TRPV1 and TRPA1 for quorum sensing molecules were different, these data suggest that both TRPV1 and TRPA1 would function as receptors for quorum sensing molecule produced by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tobita
- Tobacco Science Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2 Umegaoka, Aoba, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Kana Tsuneto
- Tobacco Science Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2 Umegaoka, Aoba, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Ito
- Scientific Product Assessment Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2 Umegaoka, Aoba, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Tobacco Science Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2 Umegaoka, Aoba, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan
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17
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Lenert ME, Avona A, Garner KM, Barron LR, Burton MD. Sensory Neurons, Neuroimmunity, and Pain Modulation by Sex Hormones. Endocrinology 2021; 162:bqab109. [PMID: 34049389 PMCID: PMC8237991 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of women in preclinical pain studies has become more commonplace in the last decade as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released its "Sex as a Biological Variable" mandate. Presumably, basic researchers have not had a comprehensive understanding about neuroimmune interactions in half of the population and how hormones play a role in this. To date, we have learned that sex hormones contribute to sexual differentiation of the nervous system and sex differences in behavior throughout the lifespan; however, the cycling of sex hormones does not always explain these differences. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of sex differences and how hormones and immune interactions influence sensory neuron activity to contribute to physiology and pain. Neuroimmune mechanisms may be mediated by different cell types in each sex, as the actions of immune cells are sexually dimorphic. Unfortunately, the majority of studies assessing neuronal contributions to immune function have been limited to males, so it is unclear if the mechanisms are similar in females. Finally, pathways that control cellular metabolism, like nuclear receptors, have been shown to play a regulatory role both in pain and inflammation. Overall, communication between the neuroimmune and endocrine systems modulate pain signaling in a sex-dependent manner, but more research is needed to reveal nuances of these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Lenert
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Amanda Avona
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Katherine M Garner
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Luz R Barron
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
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18
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Grigoryan R, Costas-Rodríguez M, Van Wonterghem E, Vandenbroucke RE, Vanhaecke F. Effect of Endotoxemia Induced by Intraperitoneal Injection of Lipopolysaccharide on the Mg isotopic Composition of Biofluids and Tissues in Mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:664666. [PMID: 34368182 PMCID: PMC8342922 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.664666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxemia induced in vivo in mice by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to (neuro)inflammation and sepsis. Also the homeostasis of mineral elements can be altered through mechanisms that still are poorly understood. The isotopic composition of Mg and the concentrations of the minor elements Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and S were determined in biological fluids and tissues of young (14–28 weeks) and aged (40–65 weeks) LPS-injected mice and age-matched controls to reveal potential effects of the LPS-induced infection. Blood plasma of young and aged LPS-injected mice showed a heavy Mg isotopic composition, as well as elevated Mg and P concentrations, compared to matched controls. The plasma Mg isotopic composition was correlated with the P concentration in aged mice. Also the liver Mg isotopic composition was strongly affected in the young and aged LPS-injected mice, while for aged mice, an additional effect on the urine Mg isotopic composition was established. These observations were hypothetically associated with liver inflammation and/or hepatotoxicity, and reduced urinary Mg excretion, respectively. Also a regional endotoxin-induced difference was observed in the brain Mg isotopic composition for the aged mice only, and was attributed to potential disruption of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Grigoryan
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marta Costas-Rodríguez
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elien Van Wonterghem
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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19
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Di Lorenzo F, Duda KA, Lanzetta R, Silipo A, De Castro C, Molinaro A. A Journey from Structure to Function of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides. Chem Rev 2021; 122:15767-15821. [PMID: 34286971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a crucial constituent of the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria, playing a fundamental role in the protection of bacteria from environmental stress factors, in drug resistance, in pathogenesis, and in symbiosis. During the last decades, LPS has been thoroughly dissected, and massive information on this fascinating biomolecule is now available. In this Review, we will give the reader a third millennium update of the current knowledge of LPS with key information on the inherent peculiar carbohydrate chemistry due to often puzzling sugar residues that are uniquely found on it. Then, we will drive the reader through the complex and multifarious immunological outcomes that any given LPS can raise, which is strictly dependent on its chemical structure. Further, we will argue about issues that still remain unresolved and that would represent the immediate future of LPS research. It is critical to address these points to complete our notions on LPS chemistry, functions, and roles, in turn leading to innovative ways to manipulate the processes involving such a still controversial and intriguing biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviana Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Katarzyna A Duda
- Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center, Parkallee 4a, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Rosa Lanzetta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.,Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 96, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Osaka University Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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20
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily consists of a large group of non-selective cation channels that serve as cellular sensors for a wide spectrum of physical and environmental stimuli. The 28 mammalian TRPs, categorized into six subfamilies, including TRPC (canonical), TRPV (vanilloid), TRPM (melastatin), TRPA (ankyrin), TRPML (mucolipin) and TRPP (polycystin), are widely expressed in different cells and tissues. TRPs exhibit a variety of unique features that not only distinguish them from other superfamilies of ion channels, but also confer diverse physiological functions. Located at the plasma membrane or in the membranes of intracellular organelles, TRPs are the cellular safeguards that sense various cell stresses and environmental stimuli and translate this information into responses at the organismal level. Loss- or gain-of-function mutations of TRPs cause inherited diseases and pathologies in different physiological systems, whereas up- or down-regulation of TRPs is associated with acquired human disorders. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we briefly summarize the history of the discovery of TRPs, their unique features, recent advances in the understanding of TRP activation mechanisms, the structural basis of TRP Ca2+ selectivity and ligand binding, as well as potential roles in mammalian physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yue
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine (UConn Health), Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Haoxing Xu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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21
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Kärki T, Tojkander S. TRPV Protein Family-From Mechanosensing to Cancer Invasion. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1019. [PMID: 34356643 PMCID: PMC8301805 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biophysical cues from the cellular microenvironment are detected by mechanosensitive machineries that translate physical signals into biochemical signaling cascades. At the crossroads of extracellular space and cell interior are located several ion channel families, including TRP family proteins, that are triggered by mechanical stimuli and drive intracellular signaling pathways through spatio-temporally controlled Ca2+-influx. Mechanosensitive Ca2+-channels, therefore, act as critical components in the rapid transmission of physical signals into biologically compatible information to impact crucial processes during development, morphogenesis and regeneration. Given the mechanosensitive nature of many of the TRP family channels, they must also respond to the biophysical changes along the development of several pathophysiological conditions and have also been linked to cancer progression. In this review, we will focus on the TRPV, vanilloid family of TRP proteins, and their connection to cancer progression through their mechanosensitive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tytti Kärki
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland;
| | - Sari Tojkander
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Section of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Mangini M, Verde A, Boraschi D, Puntes VF, Italiani P, De Luca AC. Interaction of nanoparticles with endotoxin Importance in nanosafety testing and exploitation for endotoxin binding. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:558-576. [PMID: 33784953 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1898690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between engineered nanoparticles and the bacterial lipopolysaccharide, or endotoxin, is an event that warrants attention. Endotoxin is one of the most potent stimulators of inflammation and immune reactions in human beings, and is a very common contaminant in research labs. In nanotoxicology and nanomedicine, the presence of endotoxin on the nanoparticle surface affects their biological properties leading to misinterpretation of results. This review discusses the importance of detecting the endotoxin contamination on nanoparticles, focusing on the current method of endotoxin detection and their suitability for nanoparticulate materials. Conversely, the capacity of nanoparticles to bind endotoxin can be enhanced by functionalization with endotoxin-capturing molecules, opening the way to the development of novel endotoxin detection assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mangini
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Advanced Microscopy, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Verde
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Advanced Microscopy, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Diana Boraschi
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Inflammation and Immuno-nanosafety, IBBC-CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Victor F Puntes
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Barcelona, Spain.,Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paola Italiani
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Inflammation and Immuno-nanosafety, IBBC-CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Advanced Microscopy, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
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23
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Startek JB, Milici A, Naert R, Segal A, Alpizar YA, Voets T, Talavera K. The Agonist Action of Alkylphenols on TRPA1 Relates to Their Effects on Membrane Lipid Order: Implications for TRPA1-Mediated Chemosensation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073368. [PMID: 33806007 PMCID: PMC8037438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 cation channel (TRPA1) is a broadly-tuned chemosensor expressed in nociceptive neurons. Multiple TRPA1 agonists are chemically unrelated non-electrophilic compounds, for which the mechanisms of channel activation remain unknown. Here, we assess the hypothesis that such chemicals activate TRPA1 by inducing mechanical perturbations in the plasma membrane. We characterized the activation of mouse TRPA1 by non-electrophilic alkylphenols (APs) of different carbon chain lengths in the para position of the aromatic ring. Having discarded oxidative stress and the action of electrophilic mediators as activation mechanisms, we determined whether APs induce mechanical perturbations in the plasma membrane using dyes whose fluorescence properties change upon alteration of the lipid environment. APs activated TRPA1, with potency increasing with their lipophilicity. APs increased the generalized polarization of Laurdan fluorescence and the anisotropy of the fluorescence of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), also according to their lipophilicity. Thus, the potency of APs for TRPA1 activation is an increasing function of their ability to induce lipid order and membrane rigidity. These results support the hypothesis that TRPA1 senses non-electrophilic compounds by detecting the mechanical alterations they produce in the plasma membrane. This may explain how structurally unrelated non-reactive compounds induce TRPA1 activation and support the role of TRPA1 as an unspecific sensor of potentially noxious compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna B. Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alina Milici
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrei Segal
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A. Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.S.); (A.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.); (Y.A.A.); (T.V.)
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-330469
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Backaert W, Steelant B, Hellings PW, Talavera K, Van Gerven L. A TRiP Through the Roles of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channels in Type 2 Upper Airway Inflammation. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2021; 21:20. [PMID: 33738577 PMCID: PMC7973410 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-020-00981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite their high prevalence, the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear. Recently, transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels emerged as important players in type 2 upper airway inflammatory disorders. In this review, we aim to discuss known and yet to be explored roles of TRP channels in the pathophysiology of AR and CRS with nasal polyps. RECENT FINDINGS TRP channels participate in a plethora of cellular functions and are expressed on T cells, mast cells, respiratory epithelial cells, and sensory neurons of the upper airways. In chronic upper airway inflammation, TRP vanilloid 1 is mostly studied in relation to nasal hyperreactivity. Several other TRP channels such as TRP vanilloid 4, TRP ankyrin 1, TRP melastatin channels, and TRP canonical channels also have important functions, rendering them potential targets for therapy. The role of TRP channels in type 2 inflammatory upper airway diseases is steadily being uncovered and increasingly recognized. Modulation of TRP channels may offer therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wout Backaert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brecht Steelant
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter W Hellings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Laboratory of Upper Airways Research, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Van Gerven
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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25
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Milici A, Talavera K. TRP Channels as Cellular Targets of Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2783. [PMID: 33803491 PMCID: PMC7967245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is constituted by particles with sizes in the nanometer to micrometer scales. PM can be generated from natural sources such as sandstorms and wildfires, and from human activities, including combustion of fuels, manufacturing and construction or specially engineered for applications in biotechnology, food industry, cosmetics, electronics, etc. Due to their small size PM can penetrate biological tissues, interact with cellular components and induce noxious effects such as disruptions of the cytoskeleton and membranes and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Here, we provide an overview on the actions of PM on transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins, a superfamily of cation-permeable channels with crucial roles in cell signaling. Their expression in epithelial cells and sensory innervation and their high sensitivity to chemical, thermal and mechanical stimuli makes TRP channels prime targets in the major entry routes of noxious PM, which may result in respiratory, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. On the other hand, the interactions between TRP channel and engineered nanoparticles may be used for targeted drug delivery. We emphasize in that much further research is required to fully characterize the mechanisms underlying PM-TRP channel interactions and their relevance for PM toxicology and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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26
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Iannotta M, Belardo C, Trotta MC, Iannotti FA, Vitale RM, Maisto R, Boccella S, Infantino R, Ricciardi F, Mirto BF, Ferraraccio F, Panarese I, Amodeo P, Tunisi L, Cristino L, D’Amico M, di Marzo V, Luongo L, Maione S, Guida F. N-palmitoyl-D-glucosamine, a Natural Monosaccharide-Based Glycolipid, Inhibits TLR4 and Prevents LPS-Induced Inflammation and Neuropathic Pain in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031491. [PMID: 33540826 PMCID: PMC7867376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key receptors through which infectious and non-infectious challenges act with consequent activation of the inflammatory cascade that plays a critical function in various acute and chronic diseases, behaving as amplification and chronicization factors of the inflammatory response. Previous studies have shown that synthetic analogues of lipid A based on glucosamine with few chains of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, bind MD-2 and inhibit TLR4 receptors. These synthetic compounds showed antagonistic activity against TLR4 activation in vitro by LPS, but little or no activity in vivo. This study aimed to show the potential use of N-palmitoyl-D-glucosamine (PGA), a bacterial molecule with structural similarity to the lipid A component of LPS, which could be useful for preventing LPS-induced tissue damage or even peripheral neuropathies. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed that PGA stably binds MD-2 with a MD-2/(PGA)3 stoichiometry. Treatment with PGA resulted in the following effects: (i) it prevented the NF-kB activation in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 cells; (ii) it decreased LPS-induced keratitis and corneal pro-inflammatory cytokines, whilst increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines; (iii) it normalized LPS-induced miR-20a-5p and miR-106a-5p upregulation and increased miR-27a-3p levels in the inflamed corneas; (iv) it decreased allodynia in peripheral neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin or formalin, but not following spared nerve injury of the sciatic nerve (SNI); (v) it prevented the formalin- or oxaliplatin-induced myelino-axonal degeneration of sciatic nerve. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We report that PGA acts as a TLR4 antagonist and this may be the basis of its potent anti-inflammatory activity. Being unique because of its potency and stability, as compared to other similar congeners, PGA can represent a tool for the optimization of new TLR4 modulating drugs directed against the cytokine storm and the chronization of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Iannotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Carmela Belardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB) of National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (R.M.V.); (P.A.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (V.d.M.)
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB) of National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (R.M.V.); (P.A.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (V.d.M.)
| | - Rosa Maisto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Serena Boccella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Rosmara Infantino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Flavia Ricciardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Benito Fabio Mirto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Franca Ferraraccio
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.)
| | - Iacopo Panarese
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.F.); (I.P.)
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB) of National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (R.M.V.); (P.A.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (V.d.M.)
| | - Lea Tunisi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB) of National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (R.M.V.); (P.A.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (V.d.M.)
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB) of National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (R.M.V.); (P.A.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (V.d.M.)
| | - Michele D’Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
| | - Vincenzo di Marzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB) of National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (R.M.V.); (P.A.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (V.d.M.)
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Universitè Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- I.R.C.S.S., Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- I.R.C.S.S., Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (F.G.); Tel.: +39-0815667658 (F.G.)
| | - Francesca Guida
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.I.); (C.B.); (M.C.T.); (R.M.); (S.B.); (R.I.); (F.R.); (B.F.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (F.G.); Tel.: +39-0815667658 (F.G.)
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27
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Kim M, Lee SW, Kim J, Shin Y, Chang F, Kim JM, Cong X, Yu GY, Park K. LPS-induced epithelial barrier disruption via hyperactivation of CACC and ENaC. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C448-C461. [PMID: 33471620 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00295.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increases the susceptibility of cells to pathogenic diseases, including inflammatory diseases and septic syndrome. In our experiments, we examined whether LPS induces epithelial barrier disruption in secretory epithelia and further investigated its underlying mechanism. The activities of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CACC) and epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC) were monitored with a short-circuit current using an Ussing chamber. Epithelial membrane integrity was estimated via transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular permeability assays. We found that the apical application of LPS evoked short-circuit current (Isc) through the activation of CACC and ENaC. Although LPS disrupted epithelial barrier integrity, this was restored with the inhibition of CACC and ENaC, indicating the role of CACC and ENaC in the regulation of paracellular pathways. We confirmed that LPS, CACC, or ENaC activation evoked apical membrane depolarization. The exposure to a high-K+ buffer increased paracellular permeability. LPS induced the rapid redistribution of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and reduced the expression levels of ZO-1 in tight junctions through apical membrane depolarization and tyrosine phosphorylation. However, the LPS-induced epithelial barrier disruption and degradation of ZO-1 were largely recovered by blocking CACC and ENaC. Furthermore, although LPS-impaired epithelial barrier became vulnerable to secondary bacterial infections, this vulnerability was prevented by inhibiting CACC and ENaC. We concluded that LPS induces the disruption of epithelial barrier integrity through the activation of CACC and ENaC, resulting in apical membrane depolarization and the subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of ZO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junchul Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yonghwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fengjiao Chang
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Kyungpyo Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Ko HK, Lin AH, Perng DW, Lee TS, Kou YR. Lung Epithelial TRPA1 Mediates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Inflammation in Bronchial Epithelial Cells and Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:596314. [PMID: 33281629 PMCID: PMC7705107 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 was originally thought to be the sole pattern recognition receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a Ca2+-permeant channel, has been suggested as a non-TLR receptor membrane-bound sensor of LPS. We recently reported that TRPA1 is expressed in lung epithelial cells (LECs) and mediates lung inflammation induced by cigarette smoke. However, the role of TRPA1 in LPS-induced lung inflammation has not been conclusively defined, and its underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, our in vitro results showed that LPS sequentially produced a cascade of events, including the elevation of intracellular Ca2+, the activation of NADPH oxidase, increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) signaling, and the induction of IL-8. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ was inhibited by HC030031 (a TRPA1 antagonist) but was unaffected by TAK-242 (a TLR-4 inhibitor). The activation of NADPH oxidase was prevented by its inhibitor apocynin, EGTA (an extracellular Ca2+ chelator), and HC030031. The increase in intracellular ROS was attenuated by apocynin, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, a ROS scavenger), EGTA, and HC030031. The activation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling was halted by NAC, EGTA, and HC030031. IL-8 induction was suppressed by HC030031 and TRPA1 siRNA, and further reduced by the combination of HC030031 and TAK-242. Our in vivo studies showed that trpa1–/– mice exhibited a reduced level of LPS-induced lung inflammation compared with wild-type mice as evidenced by the alleviations of increases in vascular permeability, inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine levels, oxidative stress, and MAPK signaling activation. Thus, in LECs, LPS may activate TRPA1 resulting in an increase in Ca2+ influx. The increased intracellular Ca2+ leads to NADPH oxidase activation, which causes an increase in intracellular ROS. The intracellular ROS activates the MAPK/NF-κB signaling resulting in IL-8 induction. This mechanism may possibly be at work to induce lung inflammation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kuo Ko
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Diahn-Warng Perng
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Ru Kou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Greenhalgh A, Istas O, Cooper RL. Bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide enhances synaptic transmission at low-output glutamatergic synapses. Neurosci Res 2020; 170:59-65. [PMID: 32987087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The endotoxin lipopolysaccharides (LPS), secreted from gram-negative bacteria, has direct effects on synaptic transmission independent of systemic secondary cytokine responses. High concentration of LPS (500 μg/mL) from Serratia marcescens increased synaptic efficacy at glutamatergic low-output synapses more than for high-output synapses. Over an hour of exposure was not toxic to the preparation and continued to enhance synaptic transmission. A small but significant rapid hyperpolarization of the post-synaptic cells occurred, in addition to a slower enhancement of in the amplitude of evoked excitatory junction potentials. LPS may promote reserve pool vesicles to the readily releasable pool for low-output synapses. The action of LPS at the glutamatergic synapses of the crayfish neuromuscular junction is unique in promoting synaptic transmission as compared to other glutamatergic synapses in Drosophila and mammals, where synaptic transmission is depressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Greenhalgh
- Department of Biology, Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0225, USA
| | - Oscar Istas
- Department of Biology, Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0225, USA
| | - Robin L Cooper
- Department of Biology, Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0225, USA.
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30
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Kozma MT, Ngo-Vu H, Rump MT, Bobkov YV, Ache BW, Derby CD. Single cell transcriptomes reveal expression patterns of chemoreceptor genes in olfactory sensory neurons of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:649. [PMID: 32962631 PMCID: PMC7510291 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crustaceans express several classes of receptor genes in their antennules, which house olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and non-olfactory chemosensory neurons. Transcriptomics studies reveal that candidate chemoreceptor proteins include variant Ionotropic Receptors (IRs) including both co-receptor IRs and tuning IRs, Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, Gustatory Receptors, epithelial sodium channels, and class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, expresses in its antennules nearly 600 IRs, 17 TRP channels, 1 Gustatory Receptor, 7 epithelial sodium channels, 81 GPCRs, 6 G proteins, and dozens of enzymes in signaling pathways. However, the specific combinatorial expression patterns of these proteins in single sensory neurons are not known for any crustacean, limiting our understanding of how their chemosensory systems encode chemical quality. RESULTS The goal of this study was to use transcriptomics to describe expression patterns of chemoreceptor genes in OSNs of P. argus. We generated and analyzed transcriptomes from 7 single OSNs, some of which were shown to respond to a food odor, as well as an additional 7 multicell transcriptomes from preparations containing few (2-4), several (ca. 15), or many (ca. 400) OSNs. We found that each OSN expressed the same 2 co-receptor IRs (IR25a, IR93a) but not the other 2 antennular coIRs (IR8a, IR76b), 9-53 tuning IRs but only one to a few in high abundance, the same 5 TRP channels plus up to 5 additional TRPs, 12-17 GPCRs including the same 5 expressed in every single cell transcriptome, the same 3 G proteins plus others, many enzymes in the signaling pathways, but no Gustatory Receptors or epithelial sodium channels. The greatest difference in receptor expression among the OSNs was the identity of the tuning IRs. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide an initial view of the combinatorial expression patterns of receptor molecules in single OSNs in one species of decapod crustacean, including receptors directly involved in olfactory transduction and others likely involved in modulation. Our results also suggest differences in receptor expression in OSNs vs. other chemosensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihika T Kozma
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Hanh Ngo-Vu
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Matthew T Rump
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Yuriy V Bobkov
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, 32084, USA
| | - Barry W Ache
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, 32084, USA
| | - Charles D Derby
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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31
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Morita T, Mitsuyama K, Yamasaki H, Mori A, Yoshimura T, Araki T, Morita M, Tsuruta K, Yamasaki S, Kuwaki K, Yoshioka S, Takedatsu H, Torimura T. Gene Expression of Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082643. [PMID: 32823895 PMCID: PMC7547374 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the expression profile of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PBMCs were obtained from 41 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, 34 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and 30 normal subjects. mRNA levels of TRP channels were measured using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and correlation tests with disease ranking, as well as laboratory parameters, were performed. Compared with controls, TRPV2 and TRPC1 mRNA expression was lower, while that of TRPM2, was higher in PBMCs of UC and CD patients. Moreover, TRPV3 mRNA expression was lower, while that of TRPV4 was higher in CD patients. TRPC6 mRNA expression was higher in patients with CD than in patients with UC. There was also a tendency for the expression of TRPV2 mRNA to be negatively correlated with disease activity in patients with UC and CD, while that of TRPM4 mRNA was negatively correlated with disease activity only in patients with UC. PBMCs from patients with IBD exhibited varying mRNA expression levels of TRP channel members, which may play an important role in the progression of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Morita
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Keiichi Mitsuyama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-942-31-7561
| | - Hiroshi Yamasaki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mori
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Araki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masaru Morita
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kozo Tsuruta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Sayo Yamasaki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Kotaro Kuwaki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshioka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Takedatsu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Kurume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takuji Torimura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; (T.M.); (H.Y.); (A.M.); (T.Y.); (T.A.); (M.M.); (K.T.); (S.Y.); (K.K.); (S.Y.); (H.T.); (T.T.)
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Complex Regulatory Role of the TRPA1 Receptor in Acute and Chronic Airway Inflammation Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114109. [PMID: 32526913 PMCID: PMC7312832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channel expressed on capsaicin-sensitive afferents, immune and endothelial cells is activated by inflammatory mediators and exogenous irritants, e.g., endotoxins, nicotine, crotonaldehyde and acrolein. We investigated its involvement in acute and chronic pulmonary inflammation using Trpa1 gene-deleted (Trpa1-/-) mice. Acute pneumonitis was evoked by intranasal Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide: LPS) administration, chronic bronchitis by daily cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) for 4 months. Frequency, peak inspiratory/expiratory flows, minute ventilation determined by unrestrained whole-body plethysmography were significantly greater, while tidal volume, inspiratory/expiratory/relaxation times were smaller in Trpa1-/- mice. LPS-induced bronchial hyperreactivity, myeloperoxidase activity, frequency-decrease were significantly greater in Trpa1-/- mice. CSE significantly decreased tidal volume, minute ventilation, peak inspiratory/expiratory flows in wildtypes, but not in Trpa1-/- mice. CSE remarkably increased the mean linear intercept (histopathology), as an emphysema indicator after 2 months in wildtypes, but only after 4 months in Trpa1-/- mice. Semiquantitative histopathological scores were not different between strains in either models. TRPA1 has a complex role in basal airway function regulation and inflammatory mechanisms. It protects against LPS-induced acute pneumonitis and hyperresponsiveness, but is required for CSE-evoked emphysema and respiratory deterioration. Further research is needed to determine TRPA1 as a potential pharmacological target in the lung.
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Startek JB, Talavera K. Lipid Raft Destabilization Impairs Mouse TRPA1 Responses to Cold and Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3826. [PMID: 32481567 PMCID: PMC7312353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transient Receptor Potential ankyrin 1 cation channel (TRPA1) is expressed in nociceptive sensory neurons and epithelial cells, where it plays key roles in the detection of noxious stimuli. Recent reports showed that mouse TRPA1 (mTRPA1) localizes in lipid rafts and that its sensitivity to electrophilic and non-electrophilic agonists is reduced by cholesterol depletion from the plasma membrane. Since effects of manipulating membrane cholesterol levels on other TRP channels are known to vary across different stimuli we here tested whether the disruption of lipid rafts also affects mTRPA1 activation by cold or bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Cooling to 12 °C, E. coli LPS and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) induced robust Ca2+ responses in CHO-K1 cells stably transfected with mTRPA1. The amplitudes of the responses to these stimuli were significantly lower in cells treated with the cholesterol scavenger methyl β-cyclodextrin (MCD) or with the sphingolipids hydrolyzer sphingomyelinase (SMase). This effect was more prominent with higher concentrations of the raft destabilizers. Our data also indicate that reduction of cholesterol does not alter the expression of mTRPA1 in the plasma membrane in the CHO-K1 stable expression system, and that the most salient effect is that on the channel gating. Our findings further indicate that the function of mTRPA1 is regulated by the local lipid environment and suggest that targeting lipid-TRPA1 interactions may be a strategy for the treatment of pain and neurogenic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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34
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Alpizar YA, Uvin P, Naert R, Franken J, Pinto S, Sanchez A, Gevaert T, Everaerts W, Voets T, De Ridder D, Talavera K. TRPV4 Mediates Acute Bladder Responses to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides. Front Immunol 2020; 11:799. [PMID: 32435246 PMCID: PMC7218059 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect a large proportion of the population, causing among other symptoms, more frequent and urgent micturition. Previous studies reported that the gram-negative bacterial wall component lipopolysaccharides (LPS) trigger acute epithelial and bladder voiding responses, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The cation channel TRPV4 is implicated in the regulation of the bladder voiding. Since TRPV4 is activated by LPS in airway epithelial cells, we sought to determine whether this channel plays a role in LPS-induced responses in urothelial cells (UCs). We found that human-derived UCs display a fast increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration upon acute application of Escherichia coli LPS. Such responses were detected also in freshly isolated mouse UCs, and found to be dependent on TRPV4, but not to require the canonical TLR4 signaling pathway of LPS detection. Confocal microscopy experiments revealed that TRPV4 is dispensable for LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB in mouse UCs. On the other hand, quantitative RT PCR determinations showed an enhanced LPS-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines in TRPV4-deficient UCs. Cystometry experiments in anesthetized wild type mice revealed that acute intravesical instillation of LPS rapidly increases voiding frequency. This effect was not observed in TRPV4-deficient animals, but was largely preserved in Tlr4 KO and Trpa1 KO mice. Our results suggest that activation of TRPV4 by LPS in UCs regulates the proinflammatory response and contributes to LPS-induced increase in voiding frequency. These findings further support the concept that TRP channels are sensors of LPS, mediating fast innate immunity mechanisms against gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Uvin
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Organ System, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Franken
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Organ System, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvia Pinto
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Gevaert
- Laboratory of Organ System, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wouter Everaerts
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Organ System, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Laboratory of Organ System, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory for Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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Liu Z, Wang P, Lu S, Guo R, Gao W, Tong H, Yin Y, Han X, Liu T, Chen X, Zhu MX, Yang Z. Liquiritin, a novel inhibitor of TRPV1 and TRPA1, protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury. Cell Calcium 2020; 88:102198. [PMID: 32388008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TRPV1 and TRPA1 are cation channels that play key roles in inflammatory signaling pathways. They are co-expressed on airway C-fibers, where they exert synergistic effects on causing inflammation and cough. Licorice, the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, has been widely used in China as an anti-inflammatory and anti-coughing herb. To learn if TRPV1 and TRPA1 might be key targets of the anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects of licorice, we examined liquiritin, the main flavonoid compound and active ingredient of licorice, on agonist-evoked TRPV1 and TRPA1 activation. Liquiritin inhibited capsaicin- and allyl isothiocyanate-evoked TRPV1 and TRPA1 whole-cell currents, respectively, with a similar potency and maximal inhibition. In a mouse acute lung injury (ALI) model induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, which involves both TRPV1 and TRPA1, an oral gavage of liquiritin prevented tissue damage and suppressed inflammation and the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in the lung tissue. Liquiritin also suppressed LPS-induced increase in TRPV1 and TRPA1 protein expression in the lung tissue, as well as TRPV1 and TRPA1 mRNA levels in cells contained in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In cultured THP-1 monocytes, liguiritin, or TRPV1 and TRPA1 antagonists capsazepine and HC030031, respectively, diminished not only cytokine-induced upregulation of NF-κB function but also TRPV1 and TRPA1 expression at both protein and mRNA levels. We conclude that the anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects of liquiritin are mediated by the dual inhibition of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels, which are upregulated in nonneuronal cells through the NF-κB pathway during airway inflammation via a positive feedback mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pengwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haiying Tong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yin Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuezhen Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangyun Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Yu Q, Wang D, Wen X, Tang X, Qi D, He J, Zhao Y, Deng W, Zhu T. Adipose-derived exosomes protect the pulmonary endothelial barrier in ventilator-induced lung injury by inhibiting the TRPV4/Ca 2+ signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L723-L741. [PMID: 32073873 PMCID: PMC7191475 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00255.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is the main supportive treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but it may lead to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Large epidemiological studies have found that obesity was associated with lower mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with acute lung injury, which is known as “obesity paradox.” However, the effects of obesity on VILI are unknown. In the present study, wild-type mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and ventilated with high tidal volume to investigate the effects of obesity on VILI in vivo, and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were subjected to 18% cyclic stretching (CS) to further investigate its underlying mechanism in vitro. We found that HFD protects mice from VILI by alleviating the pulmonary endothelial barrier injury and inflammatory responses in mice. Adipose-derived exosomes can regulate distant tissues as novel adipokines, providing a new mechanism for cell-cell interactions. We extracted three adipose-derived exosomes, including HFD mouse serum exosome (S-Exo), adipose tissue exosome (AT-Exo), and adipose-derived stem cell exosome (ADSC-Exo), and further explored their effects on MV or 18% CS-induced VILI in vivo and in vitro. Administration of three exosomes protected against VILI by suppressing pulmonary endothelial barrier hyperpermeability, repairing the expression of adherens junctions, and alleviating inflammatory response in vivo and in vitro, accompanied by transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4)/Ca2+ pathway inhibition. Collectively, these data indicated that HFD-induced obesity plays a protective role in VILI by alleviating the pulmonary endothelial barrier injury and inflammatory response via adipose-derived exosomes, at least partially, through inhibiting the TRPV4/Ca2+ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xumao Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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37
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Talavera K, Startek JB, Alvarez-Collazo J, Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Sanchez A, Naert R, Nilius B. Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential TRPA1 Channels: From Structure to Disease. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:725-803. [PMID: 31670612 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) channels are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels remarkably conserved through the animal kingdom. Mammals have only one member, TRPA1, which is widely expressed in sensory neurons and in non-neuronal cells (such as epithelial cells and hair cells). TRPA1 owes its name to the presence of 14 ankyrin repeats located in the NH2 terminus of the channel, an unusual structural feature that may be relevant to its interactions with intracellular components. TRPA1 is primarily involved in the detection of an extremely wide variety of exogenous stimuli that may produce cellular damage. This includes a plethora of electrophilic compounds that interact with nucleophilic amino acid residues in the channel and many other chemically unrelated compounds whose only common feature seems to be their ability to partition in the plasma membrane. TRPA1 has been reported to be activated by cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli, and its function is modulated by multiple factors, including Ca2+, trace metals, pH, and reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonyl species. TRPA1 is involved in acute and chronic pain as well as inflammation, plays key roles in the pathophysiology of nearly all organ systems, and is an attractive target for the treatment of related diseases. Here we review the current knowledge about the mammalian TRPA1 channel, linking its unique structure, widely tuned sensory properties, and complex regulation to its roles in multiple pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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38
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Subclinical lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella Enteritidis induces neuropeptide dysregulation in the spinal cord and the dorsal root ganglia. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:18. [PMID: 31023212 PMCID: PMC6485123 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite increasing evidence that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects the biological active substances of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) we have limited knowledge of the influence of a single low dose of LPS, which does not result in any clinical symptoms of disease (subclinical LPS) on neuropeptides connected with the sensory pathway. Accordingly, in this work, we investigated the influence of subclinical LPS from Salmonella Enteritidis on selected neuropeptides: substance P (SP), galanin (GAL), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (SOM) in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions of the DRG and spinal cord. Methods This study was performed on immature female pigs of the Pietrain × Duroc breed. Seven days after the intravenous injection of saline solution for control animals (n = 5) and 5 μg/kg b.w. LPS from S. Enteritidis for the experimental group (n = 5), the DRG and the spinal cord were collected to extract the neuropeptides using solid-phase extraction technology. Results Our results demonstrated that subclinical LPS in DRG was able to change the levels of all studied neuropeptides except SOM, whereas in the spinal cord it down-regulated all studied neuropeptides in the sacral spinal cord, maintaining the concentration of all studied neuropeptides in other regions similar to that observed in the control animals. The significant differences in the intensity and character of observed changes between particular regions of the DRG suggest that the exact functions of the studied neuropeptides and mechanisms of responses to subclinical LPS action depend on specific characteristics and functions of each examination region of DRG. Conclusions The mechanisms of observed changes are not fully understood and require further study of the molecular interactions between subclinical LPS from S. Enteritidis and neuronal and non-neuronal cells of DRG and spinal cord. The peripheral and central pain pathways must be analysed with the aspect of unknown long-term consequences of the influence of subclinical LPS from S. Enteritidis on neuropeptides in the spinal cord and the dorsal root ganglia.
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Istas O, Greenhalgh A, Cooper R. The Effects of a Bacterial Endotoxin on Behavior and Sensory-CNS-Motor Circuits in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10040115. [PMID: 31013568 PMCID: PMC6523965 DOI: 10.3390/insects10040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of bacterial sepsis on animal behavior and physiology is complex due to direct and indirect actions. The most common form of bacterial sepsis in humans is from gram-negative bacterial strains. The endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and/or associated peptidoglycans from the bacteria are the key agents to induce an immune response, which then produces a cascade of immunological consequences. However, there are direct actions of LPS and associated peptidoglycans on cells which are commonly overlooked. This study showed behavioral and neural changes in larval Drosophila fed commercially obtained LPS from Serratia marcescens. Locomotor behavior was not altered, but feeding behavior increased and responses to sensory tactile stimuli were decreased. In driving a sensory-central nervous system (CNS)-motor neural circuit in in-situ preparations, direct application of commercially obtained LPS initially increased evoked activity and then decreased and even stopped evoked responses in a dose-dependent manner. With acute LPS and associated peptidoglycans exposure (10 min), the depressed neural responses recovered within a few minutes after removal of LPS. Commercially obtained LPS induces a transitory hyperpolarization of the body wall muscles within seconds of exposure and alters activity within the CNS circuit. Thus, LPS and/or associated peptidoglycans have direct effects on body wall muscle without a secondary immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Istas
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
| | - Abigail Greenhalgh
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
| | - Robin Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
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Alonso-Carbajo L, Alpizar YA, Startek JB, López-López JR, Pérez-García MT, Talavera K. Activation of the cation channel TRPM3 in perivascular nerves induces vasodilation of resistance arteries. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 129:219-230. [PMID: 30853321 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 (TRPM3) is a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel activated by the neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate (PS). This compound was previously shown to contract mouse aorta by activating TRPM3 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and proposed as therapeutic modulator of vascular functions. However, PS effects and the role of TRPM3 in resistance arteries remain unknown. Thus, we aimed at determining the localization and physiological role of TRPM3 in mouse mesenteric arteries. Real-time qPCR experiments, anatomical localization using immunofluorescence microscopy and patch-clamp recordings in isolated VSMC showed that TRPM3 expression in mesenteric arteries is restricted to perivascular nerves. Pressure myography experiments in wild type (WT) mouse arteries showed that PS vasodilates with a concentration-dependence that was best fit by two Hill components (effective concentrations, EC50, of 14 and 100 μM). The low EC50 component was absent in preparations from Trpm3 knockout (KO) mice and in WT arteries in the presence of the CGRP receptor antagonist BIBN 4096. TRPM3-dependent vasodilation was partially inhibited by a cocktail of K+ channel blockers, and not mediated by β-adrenergic signaling. We conclude that, contrary to what was found in aorta, PS dilates mesenteric arteries, partly via an activation of TRPM3 that triggers CGRP release from perivascular nerve endings and a subsequent activation of K+ channels in VSMC. We propose that TRPM3 is implicated in the regulation of the tone of resistance arteries and that its activation by yet unidentified endogenous damage-associated molecules lead to protective vasodilation responses in mesenteric arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Alonso-Carbajo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg, O&N1 Box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid y CSIC, Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg, O&N1 Box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg, O&N1 Box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - José Ramón López-López
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid y CSIC, Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Pérez-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid y CSIC, Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Karel Talavera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg, O&N1 Box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Hossain MZ, Bakri MM, Yahya F, Ando H, Unno S, Kitagawa J. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels in the Transduction of Dental Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030526. [PMID: 30691193 PMCID: PMC6387147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pain is a common health problem that negatively impacts the activities of daily living. Dentine hypersensitivity and pulpitis-associated pain are among the most common types of dental pain. Patients with these conditions feel pain upon exposure of the affected tooth to various external stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying dental pain, especially the transduction of external stimuli to electrical signals in the nerve, remain unclear. Numerous ion channels and receptors localized in the dental primary afferent neurons (DPAs) and odontoblasts have been implicated in the transduction of dental pain, and functional expression of various polymodal transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has been detected in DPAs and odontoblasts. External stimuli-induced dentinal tubular fluid movement can activate TRP channels on DPAs and odontoblasts. The odontoblasts can in turn activate the DPAs by paracrine signaling through ATP and glutamate release. In pulpitis, inflammatory mediators may sensitize the DPAs. They could also induce post-translational modifications of TRP channels, increase trafficking of these channels to nerve terminals, and increase the sensitivity of these channels to stimuli. Additionally, in caries-induced pulpitis, bacterial products can directly activate TRP channels on DPAs. In this review, we provide an overview of the TRP channels expressed in the various tooth structures, and we discuss their involvement in the development of dental pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zakir Hossain
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Marina Mohd Bakri
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Farhana Yahya
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Hiroshi Ando
- Department of Biology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara, Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Shumpei Unno
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Junichi Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
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Startek JB, Boonen B, Talavera K, Meseguer V. TRP Channels as Sensors of Chemically-Induced Changes in Cell Membrane Mechanical Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E371. [PMID: 30654572 PMCID: PMC6359677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential ion channels (TRPs) have been described as polymodal sensors, being responsible for transducing a wide variety of stimuli, and being involved in sensory functions such as chemosensation, thermosensation, mechanosensation, and photosensation. Mechanical and chemical stresses exerted on the membrane can be transduced by specialized proteins into meaningful intracellular biochemical signaling, resulting in physiological changes. Of particular interest are compounds that can change the local physical properties of the membrane, thereby affecting nearby proteins, such as TRP channels, which are highly sensitive to the membrane environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of TRP channel activation as a result of changes in the membrane properties induced by amphipathic structural lipidic components such as cholesterol and diacylglycerol, and by exogenous amphipathic bacterial endotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Victor Meseguer
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández y CSIC, E-03550 Alicante , Spain.
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Stepp MA, Pal-Ghosh S, Tadvalkar G, Williams AR, Pflugfelder SC, de Paiva CS. Reduced Corneal Innervation in the CD25 Null Model of Sjögren Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123821. [PMID: 30513621 PMCID: PMC6320862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased corneal innervation is frequent in patients with Sjögren Syndrome (SS). To investigate the density and morphology of the intraepithelial corneal nerves (ICNs), corneal sensitivity, epithelial cell proliferation, and changes in mRNA expression of genes that are involved in autophagy and axon targeting and extension were assessed using the IL-2 receptor alpha chain (CD25 null) model of SS. ICN density and thickness in male and female wt and CD25 null corneas were assessed at 4, 6, 8, and 10/11 wk of age. Cell proliferation was assessed using ki67. Mechanical corneal sensitivity was measured. Quantitative PCR was performed to quantify expression of beclin 1, LC3, Lamp-1, Lamp-2, CXCL-1, BDNF, NTN1, DCC, Unc5b1, Efna4, Efna5, Rgma, and p21 in corneal epithelial mRNA. A significant reduction in corneal axon density and mechanical sensitivity were observed, which negatively correlate with epithelial cell proliferation. CD25 null mice have increased expression of genes regulating autophagy (beclin-1, LC3, LAMP-1, LAMP-2, CXCL1, and BDNF) and no change was observed in genes that were related to axonal targeting and extension. Decreased anatomic corneal innervation in the CD25 null SS model is accompanied by reduced corneal sensitivity, increased corneal epithelial cell proliferation, and increased expression of genes regulating phagocytosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Stepp
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Sonali Pal-Ghosh
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Gauri Tadvalkar
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Alexa R Williams
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - Stephen C Pflugfelder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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