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Toutain M, Belouard N, Renault D, Haubrock PJ, Kurtul I, Aksu S, Emiroğlu Ö, Kouba A, Tarkan AS, Balzani P. Assessing the role of non-native species and artificial water bodies on the trophic and functional niche of Mediterranean freshwater fish communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173520. [PMID: 38810734 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Habitat alterations and the introduction of non-native species have many ecological impacts, including the loss of biodiversity and a deterioration of ecosystem functioning. The effects of these combined stressors on the community trophic web and functional niche are, however, not completely clear. Here, we investigated how artificial ecosystems (i.e. reservoirs) and non-native species may influence the trophic and functional niche space of freshwater fish communities. To do so, we used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope and abundance data to compute a set of isotopic, trait, and functional metrics for 13 fish communities sampled from 12 distinct ecosystems in Türkiye. We show that in reservoirs, fish were more similar in their trophic niche compared to lakes, where the trophic niche was more variable, due to higher habitat complexity. However, there were no differences in the trait and functional metrics between the two ecosystem types, suggesting a higher prey diversity than assumed in reservoirs. We also found that the number of non-native species did not affect the trophic niche space, nor the trait or functional space occupied by the fish community. This indicates that non-native species tended to overlap their trophic niche with native species, while occupying empty functional niches in the recipient community functional space. Similarly, the proportion of non-native species did not affect any trophic, trait, or functional metric, suggesting that changes in community composition were not reflected in changes in the community niche space. Moreover, we found that trait richness, but not functional richness, was positively related to the isotopic niche width and diversity, indicating that a wider occupied trait niche space corresponded with a wider occupied trophic niche and lesser interspecific similarity. Our findings underscore the complexity of ecological relationships within freshwater ecosystems and highlight the need for comprehensive management strategies to mitigate the impacts of human activities and biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Toutain
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Nadège Belouard
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], 35000 Rennes, France
| | - David Renault
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; CAMB, Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
| | - Irmak Kurtul
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, Bornova 35100, İzmir, Türkiye; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom
| | - Sadi Aksu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Özgür Emiroğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Ali Serhan Tarkan
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset, United Kingdom; Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Paride Balzani
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
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Hassan S, Mushtaq M, Ganiee SA, Zaman M, Yaseen A, Shah AJ, Ganai BA. Microbial oases in the ice: A state-of-the-art review on cryoconite holes as diversity hotspots and their scientific connotations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118963. [PMID: 38640991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cryoconite holes, small meltwater pools on the surface of glaciers and ice sheets, represent extremely cold ecosystems teeming with diverse microbial life. Cryoconite holes exhibit greater susceptibility to the impacts of climate change, underlining the imperative nature of investigating microbial communities as an essential module of polar and alpine ecosystem monitoring efforts. Microbes in cryoconite holes play a critical role in nutrient cycling and can produce bioactive compounds, holding promise for industrial and pharmaceutical innovation. Understanding microbial diversity in these delicate ecosystems is essential for effective conservation strategies. Therefore, this review discusses the microbial diversity in these extreme environments, aiming to unveil the complexity of their microbial communities. The current study envisages that cryoconite holes as distinctive ecosystems encompass a multitude of taxonomically diverse and functionally adaptable microorganisms that exhibit a rich microbial diversity and possess intricate ecological functions. By investigating microbial diversity and ecological functions of cryoconite holes, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into the broader field of environmental microbiology and enhance further understanding of these ecosystems. This review seeks to provide a holistic overview regarding the formation, evolution, characterization, and molecular adaptations of cryoconite holes. Furthermore, future research directions and challenges underlining the need for long-term monitoring, and ethical considerations in preserving these pristine environments are also provided. Addressing these challenges and resolutely pursuing future research directions promises to enrich our comprehension of microbial diversity within cryoconite holes, revealing the broader ecological and biogeochemical implications. The inferences derived from the present study will provide researchers, ecologists, and policymakers with a profound understanding of the significance and utility of cryoconite holes in unveiling the microbial diversity and its potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Hassan
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Misba Mushtaq
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Shahid Ahmad Ganiee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Muzafar Zaman
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Aarif Yaseen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Abdul Jalil Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
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Duda R, Zdechlik R, Kania J. Groundwater nitrate pollution risk assessment based on the potential impact of land use, nitrogen balance, and vulnerability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:122508-122523. [PMID: 37968487 PMCID: PMC10724313 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The predicting groundwater nitrate pollution risk, especially in terms of changes in fertilizing, has not been fully investigated so far. In particular, there is no comprehensive method to assess this risk in areas of different land use type, and not only in agricultural areas. The aim of this study was to develop a novel multicriteria methodology for groundwater nitrate pollution risk assessment, which meets these issues. A further aim was to determine how much this risk would change if the amount of organic and synthetic fertilization was reduced. An assumption was that groundwater pollution risk is a combination of the potential adverse impacts of land use, fertilization, and intrinsic groundwater vulnerability to pollution. The impact of fertilization was holistically evaluated by balancing nitrogen from spatially differentiated the size of the breeding, species of livestock, manure and synthetic fertilizers input, and spatially differentiated topsoil, with nitrogen uptake by different crops. The nitrate concentration in the leachate was used as a measure of the impact of fertilization. This concentration was compared to the natural baseline nitrate concentration in groundwater. Three fertilization scenarios for groundwater pollution risk assessment in two study areas were discussed. Under typical agricultural, climatic, soil, and geological conditions in Europe for the current total fertilization level of 95-120 kg N ha-1 groundwater nitrate pollution risk is low and moderate, but for fertilization of 150-180 kg N ha-1, a reduction in the total fertilization (synthetic and manure) by 40 to 50% may be required to achieve low risk of degradation of natural groundwater quality. Predictive simulations of groundwater nitrate pollution risk confirmed that reducing synthetic and organic fertilization has an effect, especially in areas with intensive fertilization. This method may allow for a holistic and scenario-based assessment of groundwater pollution risk and may help decision-makers introduce solutions to manage this risk under conditions of climate change, preservation of groundwater quality, and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Duda
- Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Robert Zdechlik
- Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Kania
- Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
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Joseph TM, Al-Hazmi HE, Śniatała B, Esmaeili A, Habibzadeh S. Nanoparticles and nanofiltration for wastewater treatment: From polluted to fresh water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117114. [PMID: 37716387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution poses significant threats to both ecosystems and human health. Mitigating this issue requires effective treatment of domestic wastewater to convert waste into bio-fertilizers and gas. Neglecting liquid waste treatment carries severe consequences for health and the environment. This review focuses on intelligent technologies for water and wastewater treatment, targeting waterborne diseases. It covers pollution prevention and purification methods, including hydrotherapy, membrane filtration, mechanical filters, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, and copper-zinc cleaning. The article also highlights domestic purification, field techniques, heavy metal removal, and emerging technologies like nanochips, graphene, nanofiltration, atmospheric water generation, and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)-based cleaning. Emphasizing water cleaning's significance for ecosystem protection and human health, the review discusses pollution challenges and explores the integration of wastewater treatment, coagulant processes, and nanoparticle utilization in management. It advocates collaborative efforts and innovative research for freshwater preservation and pollution mitigation. Innovative biological systems, combined with filtration, disinfection, and membranes, can elevate recovery rates by up to 90%, surpassing individual primary (<10%) or biological methods (≤50%). Advanced treatment methods can achieve up to 95% water recovery, exceeding UN goals for clean water and sanitation (Goal 6). This progress aligns with climate action objectives and safeguards vital water-rich habitats (Goal 13). The future holds promise with advanced purification techniques enhancing water quality and availability, underscoring the need for responsible water conservation and management for a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomy Muringayil Joseph
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Hussein E Al-Hazmi
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Bogna Śniatała
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Amin Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering Technology, and Industrial Trades, College of the North Atlantic-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Surface Reaction and Advanced Energy Materials Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1599637111, Iran.
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He L, Liu Y. Effects of reservoir system historical evolution on water system landscape patterns: the case of Changshou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124123-124138. [PMID: 37996586 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs are a crucial form of water ecological infrastructure that offers a wide range of ecosystem services. The impact of reservoir construction on land use and landscape patterns is a matter of considerable importance. However, the specific effects of local-scale reservoir development on water system landscape patterns have not been comprehensively investigated. The Changshou district of Chongqing, located in southwest China and having an artificial lake system primarily composed of reservoirs, is an excellent example of examining the effects of human activities on the landscape patterns of water systems. This research reconstructed the historical evolution of reservoirs and rivers in Changshou District by historical maps and remote sensing data over seven decades from 1950 to 2020. On this basis, the landscape pattern metrics and graph-theoretical metrics of water systems in four crucial years, 1950, 1960, 1990, and 2020, were analyzed. The results indicate that from 1950 to 2020, the reservoir area in Changshou District increased by 64.195 km2, while the river area decreased by 7.297 km2; the two periods with the highest reservoir construction intensity were the 1950s and the 1970s to 1980s, when the reservoir area increased by 58.456 km2 and 3.089 km2, respectively; the construction of reservoirs diminished the connectivity of water systems and increased their fragmentation, dispersion, and edge complexity, but had little effect on their concentration and shape complexity. The findings can be applied to the optimization of water system patterns at the local level, the management of reservoir groups, the decision-making of water ecological infrastructure, and ecological effect studies of artificial lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- China Architecture Design and Research Group, No.19 Che Gong Zhuang Street, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Akter S, Rahman MS, Ali H, Minch B, Mehzabin K, Siddique MM, Galib SM, Yesmin F, Azmuda N, Adnan N, Hasan NA, Rahman SR, Moniruzzaman M, Ahmed MF. Phylogenetic diversity and functional potential of the microbial communities along the Bay of Bengal coast. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15976. [PMID: 37749192 PMCID: PMC10520010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bay of Bengal, the world's largest bay, is bordered by populous countries and rich in resources like fisheries, oil, gas, and minerals, while also hosting diverse marine ecosystems such as coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass beds; regrettably, its microbial diversity and ecological significance have received limited research attention. Here, we present amplicon (16S and 18S) profiling and shotgun metagenomics data regarding microbial communities from BoB's eastern coast, viz., Saint Martin and Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. From the 16S barcoding data, Proteobacteria appeared to be the dominant phylum in both locations, with Alteromonas, Methylophaga, Anaerospora, Marivita, and Vibrio dominating in Cox's Bazar and Pseudoalteromonas, Nautella, Marinomonas, Vibrio, and Alteromonas dominating the Saint Martin site. From the 18S barcoding data, Ochrophyta, Chlorophyta, and Protalveolata appeared among the most abundant eukaryotic divisions in both locations, with significantly higher abundance of Choanoflagellida, Florideophycidae, and Dinoflagellata in Cox's Bazar. The shotgun sequencing data reveals that in both locations, Alteromonas is the most prevalent bacterial genus, closely paralleling the dominance observed in the metabarcoding data, with Methylophaga in Cox's Bazar and Vibrio in Saint Martin. Functional annotations revealed that the microbial communities in these samples harbor genes for biofilm formation, quorum sensing, xenobiotics degradation, antimicrobial resistance, and a variety of other processes. Together, these results provide the first molecular insight into the functional and phylogenetic diversity of microbes along the BoB coast of Bangladesh. This baseline understanding of microbial community structure and functional potential will be critical for assessing impacts of climate change, pollution, and other anthropogenic disturbances on this ecologically and economically vital bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Akter
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Shaminur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Hazrat Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Benjamin Minch
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Kaniz Mehzabin
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moradul Siddique
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Md Galib
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Farida Yesmin
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nafisa Azmuda
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nihad Adnan
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nur A Hasan
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
| | - Md Firoz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Koperski P. It Is Not Only Data-Freshwater Invertebrates Misused in Biological Monitoring. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2570. [PMID: 37627360 PMCID: PMC10451281 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The article presents and discusses the issues of the use of free-living invertebrates to assess the ecological status of freshwater environments with different methods of biological monitoring. Invertebrates are excluded from ethical consideration in the procedures of environmental protection, which results in the killing of many more individuals during sampling than necessary. Biomonitoring is used as a routine method for environmental protection that results in the cruel death of even millions of aquatic animals annually. In many cases, the mortality of animals used in such types of activities has been shown as excessive, e.g., because the vast majority die due to unnecessary subsampling procedures. Improperly planned and conducted procedures which result in excessive mortality have or may have a negative impact on the environment and biodiversity. Their existence as sensitive beings is reduced to an information function; they become only data useful for biomonitoring purposes. The main problem when trying to determine the mortality of invertebrates due to biomonitoring activities and its impact on natural populations seems to be the lack of access to raw data presenting how many animals were killed during sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Koperski
- Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
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Manenti R, Galbiati M, Lapadula S, Forlani M, Barzaghi B, Melotto A, Ficetola GF. Behavioural drivers of ecotone exploitation: activity of groundwater animals in spring. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-023-03297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Border habitats such as interfaces and ecotones are promising research targets being likely areas of high species richness and genetic and phenotypic diversity. Springs are intriguing habitats exploited by both subterranean and surface species. For subterranean species, springs can provide higher trophic resources but can be risky in terms of predation and UV radiation, while for surface species, springs can be safer but less productive environments. We coupled field surveys and laboratory experiments to understand how predation risk and physical constraints, like light occurrence, affect spring exploitation by both a subterranean (Niphargus thuringius) and a surface crustacean amphipod species (Echinogammarus stammeri). From March to May 2021, we surveyed multiple springs and evaluated the activity (both during day and night) of the amphipods and of their predators. Furthermore, in a subterranean laboratory, we reared 80 N. thuringius and 80 E. stammeri under safe and risky conditions with both constant darkness and diel light variation assessing their activity and survival. Risky conditions were represented by the occurrence of meso-predators alone or coupled with the presence of a top predator. In the field, N. thuringius activity was negatively related to the density of predators, while laboratory experiments revealed a main role played by light treatments and night period. E. stammeri activity in the field was higher close to surface while in laboratory conditions decreased during time. In laboratory conditions, predation risk negatively affected survival of both amphipods. Our findings reveal that physical constraints play a key role in affecting the exploitation of ecotones and can mediate antipredator responses, thus providing selective pressures for the exploitation of border environments.
Significance statement
Understanding environmental pressures acting on ecotones is a key point to verify if new adaptations may occur at the border between two distinct habitats. Using both field and laboratory approaches, we show that, in springs, the behaviour of subterranean invertebrates is affected by surface physical constraints which can mediate the effects of predation risk. Behavioural strategies to avoid predation, such as nocturnal activity, may promote spring ecotone exploitation by groundwater animals, such as amphipod crustaceans.
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Guimarães LP, Rodrigues LFT, da Gama Alves R. Assemblage of oligochaetes in mesohabitats of streams with different land uses in Minas Gerais, Brazil. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2022.2154190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Pedrosa Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Laboratory of Benthic Invertebrates - LIB, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Luciana Falci Theza Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Benthic Invertebrates, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Roberto da Gama Alves
- Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Benthic Invertebrates, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Mutshekwa T, Mugwedi L, Wasserman RJ, Cuthbert RN, Dondofema F, Dalu T. Pesticides drive differential leaf litter decomposition and mosquito colonisation dynamics in lentic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156320. [PMID: 35640753 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global contamination of freshwater ecosystems by chemical compounds, such as pesticides, may exert high pressure on biologically-driven organic matter decomposition. These pollutants may also impair the quality of organic substrates for colonising invertebrates and reduce primary productivity by decreasing the abundance of phytoplankton. In southern Africa, increasing pesticide usage associated with macadamia plantations, in particular, presents a growing risk to freshwater ecosystems. Here, we examined macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) leaf litter decomposition following exposure to three pesticides (i.e., Karate Zeon 10 CS (lambda-cyhalothrin), Mulan 20 AS (acetamiprid), Pyrinex 250 CS (chlorpyrifos)) used commonly in macadamia plantations, via an ex-situ microcosm approach. We examined mosquito colonisation of these microcosms as semi-aquatic macroinvertebrates which form a significant component of aquatic communities within standing waters. Macadamia leaf litter tended to decompose faster when exposed to Karate and Pyrinex pesticide treatments. Additionally, chlorophyll-a, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and pH differed among pesticide treatments and controls, with pesticides (Karate Zeon and Mulan) tending to reduce chlorophyll-a concentrations. Overall, pesticide treatments promoted mosquito (i.e., Culex spp.) and pupal abundances. In terms of dominant aquatic mosquito group abundances (i.e., Anopheles spp., Culex spp.), the effect of pesticides differed significantly among pesticide types, with Pyrinex and Mulan treatments having higher mosquito abundances in comparison to Karate Zeon and pesticide-free treatments. These findings collectively demonstrate that common pesticides used in the macadamia plantation may exert pressure on adjacent freshwater communities by shaping leaf-litter decomposition, semi-aquatic macroinvertebrate colonisation dynamics, and chlorophyll-a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thendo Mutshekwa
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa.
| | - Lutendo Mugwedi
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ryan J Wasserman
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - Farai Dondofema
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Tatenda Dalu
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa; Wissenshaftskolleg zu Berlin Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin 14193, Germany.
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11
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Rahman Q, Nadeem MS, Umair M, Altaf M, Ni J, Abbasi AM, Jameel MA, Pieroni A, Hamed MH, Ashraf S, Sadaf T. Medicinal waterbirds in the traditional healthcare system: an assessment of biodiversity-cultural linkages in Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:57. [PMID: 36030230 PMCID: PMC9420292 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is home to a vast range of medicinal and edible waterbird species due to its diverse geographical environment. Waterbird species have been used for various ailments and cultural practices since ancient times, while ethno-pharmacological applications and cultural uses of waterbird species in this area have seldom been documented. This study is the first ethnomedicinal and cultural assessment of waterbird species, and the first compilation and listing of all known data on these species in Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. METHODS Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data from native respondents (N = 100). To analyze the data, principal component analysis (PCA), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL%), relative popularity level (RPL), rank order priority, and similarity index were used. RESULTS In total, 64 waterbird species were utilized in cultural practices, of which 40 species are used to cure different infectious and chronic diseases such as cold, cough, flu, fever, respiratory disorders, asthma, TB, gastric ulcers, kidney stones, male impotency, obesity, paralysis, piles, cancer, arthritis, body pain, and weakness. PCA showed significant differences in the use of waterbird species among the local inhabitants of the study area, separated along the axis-2 (p < 0.05). The FL% of waterbird species varied from 12 to 100%. 100% FL was analyzed for four waterbird species, i.e., Charadrius mongolus (cold), Gallicrex cinerea (asthma), Anas platyrhynchos (cancer), and Esacus recurvirostris (body weakness). In this study, Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) was the most popular species used in the healthcare system of Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, with high RFC (4.06), FL% (100), and RPL (1.0) values. CONCLUSION We concluded that waterbird species are more used for medicine and food purposes in the study area. However, in vitro/in vivo assessment of biochemical activities of waterbird species with a maximum FL% might be significant to produce novel drugs. Recent research shows important ethno-ornithological information about native people and their links with waterbird species, which might be helpful for the sustainable use of waterbird diversity in the research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaisar Rahman
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Muhammad Altaf
- Department of Forestry, Range and Wildlife Management, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Jian Ni
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Arshad Mahmood Abbasi
- Department of Environment Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azhar Jameel
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042, Pollenzo, Italy
- Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, 4401, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Haroon Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, University of Lahore, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Tasnim Sadaf
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ramanathan M, Sukumaran M, Narayanan M, Devarajan N, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Chi NTL, Saravanan M, Brindhadevi K. Larvicidal and pupicidal activity of crude ethyl acetate extract fraction-7a of Cymodocea serrulata on Culex quinquefasciatus. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Mammola S, Meierhofer MB, Borges PA, Colado R, Culver DC, Deharveng L, Delić T, Di Lorenzo T, Dražina T, Ferreira RL, Fiasca B, Fišer C, Galassi DMP, Garzoli L, Gerovasileiou V, Griebler C, Halse S, Howarth FG, Isaia M, Johnson JS, Komerički A, Martínez A, Milano F, Moldovan OT, Nanni V, Nicolosi G, Niemiller ML, Pallarés S, Pavlek M, Piano E, Pipan T, Sanchez‐Fernandez D, Santangeli A, Schmidt SI, Wynne JJ, Zagmajster M, Zakšek V, Cardoso P. Towards evidence-based conservation of subterranean ecosystems. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1476-1510. [PMID: 35315207 PMCID: PMC9545027 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Subterranean ecosystems are among the most widespread environments on Earth, yet we still have poor knowledge of their biodiversity. To raise awareness of subterranean ecosystems, the essential services they provide, and their unique conservation challenges, 2021 and 2022 were designated International Years of Caves and Karst. As these ecosystems have traditionally been overlooked in global conservation agendas and multilateral agreements, a quantitative assessment of solution-based approaches to safeguard subterranean biota and associated habitats is timely. This assessment allows researchers and practitioners to understand the progress made and research needs in subterranean ecology and management. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature focused on subterranean ecosystems globally (terrestrial, freshwater, and saltwater systems), to quantify the available evidence-base for the effectiveness of conservation interventions. We selected 708 publications from the years 1964 to 2021 that discussed, recommended, or implemented 1,954 conservation interventions in subterranean ecosystems. We noted a steep increase in the number of studies from the 2000s while, surprisingly, the proportion of studies quantifying the impact of conservation interventions has steadily and significantly decreased in recent years. The effectiveness of 31% of conservation interventions has been tested statistically. We further highlight that 64% of the reported research occurred in the Palearctic and Nearctic biogeographic regions. Assessments of the effectiveness of conservation interventions were heavily biased towards indirect measures (monitoring and risk assessment), a limited sample of organisms (mostly arthropods and bats), and more accessible systems (terrestrial caves). Our results indicate that most conservation science in the field of subterranean biology does not apply a rigorous quantitative approach, resulting in sparse evidence for the effectiveness of interventions. This raises the important question of how to make conservation efforts more feasible to implement, cost-effective, and long-lasting. Although there is no single remedy, we propose a suite of potential solutions to focus our efforts better towards increasing statistical testing and stress the importance of standardising study reporting to facilitate meta-analytical exercises. We also provide a database summarising the available literature, which will help to build quantitative knowledge about interventions likely to yield the greatest impacts depending upon the subterranean species and habitats of interest. We view this as a starting point to shift away from the widespread tendency of recommending conservation interventions based on anecdotal and expert-based information rather than scientific evidence, without quantitatively testing their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mammola
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe)Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of HelsinkiPohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13Helsinki00100Finland
- Molecular Ecology Group (dark‐MEG)Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR)Largo Tonolli, 50Verbania‐Pallanza28922Italy
| | - Melissa B. Meierhofer
- BatLab Finland, Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus (LUOMUS)University of HelsinkiPohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13Helsinki00100Finland
| | - Paulo A.V. Borges
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group / CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of Azores, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment (FCAA), Rua Capitão João d'ÀvilaPico da Urze, 9700‐042 Angra do HeroísmoAzoresPortugal
| | - Raquel Colado
- Departament of Ecology and HidrologyUniversity of MurciaMurcia30100Spain
| | - David C. Culver
- Department of Environmental ScienceAmerican University4400 Massachusetts Avenue, N.WWashingtonDC20016U.S.A.
| | - Louis Deharveng
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), CNRS UMR 7205, MNHN, UPMC, EPHEMuseum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Teo Delić
- SubBio Lab, Department of Biology, Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 101Ljubljana1000Slovenia
| | - Tiziana Di Lorenzo
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET‐CNR), National Research CouncilVia Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto FiorentinoFlorenceItaly
| | - Tvrtko Dražina
- Division of Zoology, Department of BiologyFaculty of Science, University of ZagrebRooseveltov Trg 6Zagreb10000Croatia
- Croatian Biospeleological SocietyRooseveltov Trg 6Zagreb10000Croatia
| | - Rodrigo L. Ferreira
- Center of Studies in Subterranean Biology, Biology Department, Federal University of LavrasCampus universitário s/n, Aquenta SolLavrasMG37200‐900Brazil
| | - Barbara Fiasca
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaVia Vetoio 1, CoppitoL'Aquila67100Italy
| | - Cene Fišer
- SubBio Lab, Department of Biology, Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 101Ljubljana1000Slovenia
| | - Diana M. P. Galassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaVia Vetoio 1, CoppitoL'Aquila67100Italy
| | - Laura Garzoli
- Molecular Ecology Group (dark‐MEG)Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR)Largo Tonolli, 50Verbania‐Pallanza28922Italy
| | - Vasilis Gerovasileiou
- Department of Environment, Faculty of EnvironmentIonian University, M. Minotou‐Giannopoulou strPanagoulaZakynthos29100Greece
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine BiologyBiotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC)Thalassocosmos, GournesCrete71500Greece
| | - Christian Griebler
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Division of LimnologyUniversity of ViennaDjerassiplatz 1Vienna1030Austria
| | - Stuart Halse
- Bennelongia Environmental Consultants5 Bishop StreetJolimontWA6014Australia
| | | | - Marco Isaia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinVia Accademia Albertina, 13TorinoI‐10123Italy
| | - Joseph S. Johnson
- Department of Biological SciencesOhio University57 Oxbow TrailAthensOH45701U.S.A.
| | - Ana Komerički
- Croatian Biospeleological SocietyRooseveltov Trg 6Zagreb10000Croatia
| | - Alejandro Martínez
- Molecular Ecology Group (dark‐MEG)Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR)Largo Tonolli, 50Verbania‐Pallanza28922Italy
| | - Filippo Milano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinVia Accademia Albertina, 13TorinoI‐10123Italy
| | - Oana T. Moldovan
- Emil Racovita Institute of SpeleologyClinicilor 5Cluj‐Napoca400006Romania
- Romanian Institute of Science and TechnologySaturn 24‐26Cluj‐Napoca400504Romania
| | - Veronica Nanni
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinVia Accademia Albertina, 13TorinoI‐10123Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicolosi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinVia Accademia Albertina, 13TorinoI‐10123Italy
| | - Matthew L. Niemiller
- Department of Biological SciencesThe University of Alabama in Huntsville301 Sparkman Drive NWHuntsvilleAL35899U.S.A.
| | - Susana Pallarés
- Departamento de Biogeografía y Cambio GlobalMuseo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSICCalle de José Gutiérrez Abascal 2Madrid28006Spain
| | - Martina Pavlek
- Croatian Biospeleological SocietyRooseveltov Trg 6Zagreb10000Croatia
- Ruđer Bošković InstituteBijenička cesta 54Zagreb10000Croatia
| | - Elena Piano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TurinVia Accademia Albertina, 13TorinoI‐10123Italy
| | - Tanja Pipan
- ZRC SAZUKarst Research InstituteNovi trg 2Ljubljana1000Slovenia
- UNESCO Chair on Karst EducationUniversity of Nova GoricaGlavni trg 8Vipava5271Slovenia
| | | | - Andrea Santangeli
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiViikinkaari 1Helsinki00014Finland
| | - Susanne I. Schmidt
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre CASNa Sádkách 702/7České Budějovice370 05Czech Republic
- Department of Lake ResearchHelmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchBrückstraße 3aMagdeburg39114Germany
| | - J. Judson Wynne
- Department of Biological SciencesCenter for Adaptable Western Landscapes, Box 5640, Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ86011U.S.A.
| | - Maja Zagmajster
- SubBio Lab, Department of Biology, Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 101Ljubljana1000Slovenia
| | - Valerija Zakšek
- SubBio Lab, Department of Biology, Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 101Ljubljana1000Slovenia
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe)Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of HelsinkiPohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13Helsinki00100Finland
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group / CHANGE – Global Change and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of Azores, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment (FCAA), Rua Capitão João d'ÀvilaPico da Urze, 9700‐042 Angra do HeroísmoAzoresPortugal
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Blancher P, Lefrançois E, Rimet F, Vasselon V, Argillier C, Arle J, Beja P, Boets P, Boughaba J, Chauvin C, Deacon M, Duncan W, Ejdung G, Erba S, Ferrari B, Fischer H, Hänfling B, Haldin M, Hering D, Hette-Tronquart N, Hiley A, Järvinen M, Jeannot B, Kahlert M, Kelly M, Kleinteich J, Koyuncuoğlu S, Krenek S, Langhein-Winther S, Leese F, Mann D, Marcel R, Marcheggiani S, Meissner K, Mergen P, Monnier O, Narendja F, Neu D, Onofre Pinto V, Pawlowska A, Pawlowski J, Petersen M, Poikane S, Pont D, Renevier MS, Sandoy S, Svensson J, Trobajo R, Tünde Zagyva A, Tziortzis I, van der Hoorn B, Vasquez MI, Walsh K, Weigand A, Bouchez A. A strategy for successful integration of DNA-based methods in aquatic monitoring. METABARCODING AND METAGENOMICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/mbmg.6.85652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular biomonitoring open new horizons for aquatic ecosystem assessment. Rapid and cost-effective methods based on organismal DNA or environmental DNA (eDNA) now offer the opportunity to produce inventories of indicator taxa that can subsequently be used to assess biodiversity and ecological quality. However, the integration of these new DNA-based methods into current monitoring practices is not straightforward, and will require coordinated actions in the coming years at national and international levels.
To plan and stimulate such an integration, the European network DNAqua-Net (COST Action CA15219) brought together international experts from academia, as well as key environmental biomonitoring stakeholders from different European countries. Together, this transdisciplinary consortium developed a roadmap for implementing DNA-based methods with a focus on inland waters assessed by the EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC). This was done through a series of online workshops held in April 2020, which included fifty participants, followed by extensive synthesis work.
The roadmap is organised around six objectives: 1) to highlight the effectiveness and benefits of DNA-based methods, 2) develop an adaptive approach for the implementation of new methods, 3) provide guidelines and standards for best practice, 4) engage stakeholders and ensure effective knowledge transfer, 5) support the environmental biomonitoring sector to achieve the required changes, 6) steer the process and harmonise efforts at the European level.
This paper provides an overview of the forum discussions and the common European views that have emerged from them, while reflecting the diversity of situations in different countries. It highlights important actions required for a successful implementation of DNA-based biomonitoring of aquatic ecosystems by 2030.
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15
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The Inland Water Copepod Fauna of a Traditional Rural Landscape in a Mediterranean Island (Crustacea, Copepoda). WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14142168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the Mediterranean area is a well-known hotspot of biological diversity, the crustacean assemblages inhabiting inland waters of the Mediterranean islands are to date unevenly known, and detailed information is missing for most taxa and areas. In the frame of this paper, we provide a checklist and a characterization of the copepod fauna of the lentic water bodies occurring in a traditional rural landscape of Sicily, where the co-existence of agriculture, woodlands, and pastoral activities lead to the presence of a wide range of different aquatic habitats. Overall, 22 copepod species belonging to the orders Calanoida, Cyclopoida, and Harpacticoida have been found in the 92 surveyed sites, stressing the conservation value of the area. In the study area, species widespread in the west Palaearctic region co-exist with strictly Mediterranean elements and a small but biogeographically significant group of species with northern or Balkan affinities, which support the role of the investigated area as a refugium for species that colonised Sicily during Pleistocene climate fluctuations and are now restricted to the more wet parts of the island. A single non-native species has been found, and its distribution is currently limited to permanent, man-made reservoirs.
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Evolution of Ecological Patterns of Poyang Lake Wetland Landscape over the Last One Hundred Years Based on Historical Topographic Maps and Landsat Images. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14137868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ecological pattern evolution of Poyang Lake wetland, the largest freshwater lake in China, is critical for regional ecological protection and sustainable development of migratory bird habitats; however, this information is still not fully explored. In this study, we quantitatively reconstructed the spatial distribution and landscape ecological pattern of Poyang Lake wetlands in three periods in the past 100 years based on the military topographic map in the 1930s and the Landsat satellite remote sensing image data in 1979 and 2021. Further, use the Fragstats software to analyze the ecological pattern index of wetland reconstruction results. The results show that the wetland area in the Poyang Lake region has experienced a continuous reduction process over the past 100 years, and it decreased from 3857 km2 in the 1930s to 3673 km2 in the 1970s, and then to 3624 km2 in the 2020s. The current wetland area has decreased by about 6.04% compared with the 1930s. The general trend of changes in the spatial pattern of Poyang Lake wetlands is that the surface water decreases and the open land increases. Nevertheless, the trend has certain spatial differences as a large area of wetlands disappeared in the southwest and west of Poyang Lake and the areas with enlarged wetland density values mainly appeared in the northeastern and northern parts of the study area. The NP (number of patches) in the wetlands of Poyang Lake over the past 100 years showed a downward trend during the 1930s–1970s, and an increasing trend during the 1970s–2010s. Due to the increases of constructed wetlands, the number and density of patches also increased, and PD (patch density) reached a maximum value of 0.142 in 2020s. The LPI (largest patch index) has shown a gradual downward trend in the past 100 years. Compared with the 1930s, the wetlands in 2020s dropped by about 26.64%, and the wetlands further showed a trend of fragmentation. The AI index, which indicates the concentration of wetland patches, reached the maximum value in 2020s, but the LSI (landscape shape index) showed a downward trend in general, indicating that the shape of wetland patches has been simplified over the past 100 years. The research results can provide basic data and decision-making basis for Poyang Lake wetland protection, construction of migratory bird reserve and regional sustainable development.
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17
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Artificial and Natural Water Bodies Change in China, 2000–2020. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Artificial and natural water bodies, such as reservoirs, ponds, rivers and lakes, are important components of water-related ecosystems; they are also important indicators of the impact of human activities and climate change on surface water resources. However, due to the global and regional lack of artificial and natural water bodies data sets, understanding of the changes in water-related ecosystems under the dual impact of human activities and climate change is limited and scientific and effective protection and restoration actions are restricted. In this paper, artificial and natural water bodies data sets for China are developed for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 based on satellite remote sensing surface water and artificial water body location sample data sets. The characteristics and causes of the temporal and spatial distributions of the artificial and natural water bodies are also analyzed. The results revealed that the area of artificial and natural water bodies in China shows an overall increasing trend, with obvious differences in spatial distribution during the last 20 years, and that the fluctuation range of artificial water bodies is smaller than that of natural water bodies. This research is critical for understanding the composition and long-term changes in China’s surface water system and for supporting and formulating scientific and rational strategies for water-related ecosystem protection and restoration.
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Epele LB, Grech MG, Williams-Subiza EA, Stenert C, McLean K, Greig HS, Maltchik L, Pires MM, Bird MS, Boissezon A, Boix D, Demierre E, García PE, Gascón S, Jeffries M, Kneitel JM, Loskutova O, Manzo LM, Mataloni G, Mlambo MC, Oertli B, Sala J, Scheibler EE, Wu H, Wissinger SA, Batzer DP. Perils of life on the edge: Climatic threats to global diversity patterns of wetland macroinvertebrates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153052. [PMID: 35063522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is rapidly driving global biodiversity declines. How wetland macroinvertebrate assemblages are responding is unclear, a concern given their vital function in these ecosystems. Using a data set from 769 minimally impacted depressional wetlands across the globe (467 temporary and 302 permanent), we evaluated how temperature and precipitation (average, range, variability) affects the richness and beta diversity of 144 macroinvertebrate families. To test the effects of climatic predictors on macroinvertebrate diversity, we fitted generalized additive mixed-effects models (GAMM) for family richness and generalized dissimilarity models (GDMs) for total beta diversity. We found non-linear relationships between family richness, beta diversity, and climate. Maximum temperature was the main climatic driver of wetland macroinvertebrate richness and beta diversity, but precipitation seasonality was also important. Assemblage responses to climatic variables also depended on wetland water permanency. Permanent wetlands from warmer regions had higher family richness than temporary wetlands. Interestingly, wetlands in cooler and dry-warm regions had the lowest taxonomic richness, but both kinds of wetlands supported unique assemblages. Our study suggests that climate change will have multiple effects on wetlands and their macroinvertebrate diversity, mostly via increases in maximum temperature, but also through changes in patterns of precipitation. The most vulnerable wetlands to climate change are likely those located in warm-dry regions, where entire macroinvertebrate assemblages would be extirpated. Montane and high-latitude wetlands (i.e., cooler regions) are also vulnerable to climate change, but we do not expect entire extirpations at the family level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B Epele
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CONICET-UNPSJB), Roca 780, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina.
| | - Marta G Grech
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CONICET-UNPSJB), Roca 780, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Emilio A Williams-Subiza
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CONICET-UNPSJB), Roca 780, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Cristina Stenert
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Kyle McLean
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND, USA
| | - Hamish S Greig
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04401, USA; Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic, CO 81224, USA
| | - Leonardo Maltchik
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, CEP 96.203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Marques Pires
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Matthew S Bird
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Aurelie Boissezon
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HEPIA, 150 route de Presinge, CH- 1254 Jussy, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dani Boix
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Eliane Demierre
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HEPIA, 150 route de Presinge, CH- 1254 Jussy, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia E García
- Grupo de Ecología de Sistemas Acuáticos a escala de Paisaje (GESAP) INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina
| | - Stephanie Gascón
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Michael Jeffries
- Department of Geography & Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tune NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Jamie M Kneitel
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University-Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819-6077, USA
| | - Olga Loskutova
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya Street, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Luz M Manzo
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CONICET-UNPSJB), Roca 780, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Mataloni
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental -IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, Campus Miguelete, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Musa C Mlambo
- Department of Freshwater Invertebrates, Albany Museum, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
| | - Beat Oertli
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, HEPIA, 150 route de Presinge, CH- 1254 Jussy, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Sala
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Erica E Scheibler
- Entomology Laboratory, IADIZA CCT Mendoza CONICET, Av. Adrián Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Haitao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Scott A Wissinger
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic, CO 81224, USA; Biology and Environmental Science Departments, Allegheny College, Meadville, PA 16335, USA
| | - Darold P Batzer
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Montanari I, De Bernardini N, Gizzi G, Bolpagni R, Buldrini F, Campione L, Castellari I, Landi S, Spiezia L, Chiarucci A. Flora and plant communities across a complex network of heavily modified water bodies: geographical patterns, land use and hydrochemical drivers in a temperate overexploited plain. LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-022-00504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe decline of freshwater flora due to alteration, reclamation and trophic perturbation of lowland wetlands is among the most relevant issues in biological conservation. The contribution of heavily modified water bodies (HMWBs) in preserving plant diversity is notable, but the underlying ecological mechanisms are not completely explored. To contribute to this debate and expand the knowledge on the role of HMWBs in maintaining wetland biodiversity in overexploited agroecosystems, a canal network of about 1150 km (SE Po valley, N-Italy) was analysed to study the geographical patterns of riparian flora and plant communities, and their land use and hydrochemical drivers. A systematic sampling procedure was adopted by randomly selecting 96 transects (10 m2) along 79 drainage canals. Additionally, 22 transects were sampled for water quality evaluation. Flora was characterised based on species richness and presence of threatened, alien and invasive species. We also studied the contribution of land use and water quality in explaining plant richness and composition. Slope and aspect of canals do not significantly affect plant species composition, whereas the «proximity to protected areas» seems to have a negative influence. Both threatened and alien plants richness decrease approaching protected areas. Among land use types, only agro-zootechnical settlements influence plant species composition, favoring nitrophilous species, as demonstrated by water parameters (the spatial patterns of nitrophilous species mirrored the progressive worsening of canal waters). This work confirms the key role of HMWBs in sustaining plant species diversity in oversimplified landscapes, highlighting complex regulation mechanisms that need further investigations.
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Diversity and Distribution of the Inland Water Decapods of Sicily (Crustacea, Malacostraca). DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14040246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current knowledge of Sicilian inland water decapod malacostracans is scarce and an updated synopsis on species distribution is lacking. Therefore, we reviewed the checklist and recent distribution of Sicilian inland water decapods based on published and unpublished records and novel observations with the aim of providing an exhaustive repository, also to be used as a sound baseline for future surveys. Overall, five native decapod species occur in the study area, i.e., the atyid shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii, the palaemonid shrimps Palaemon adspersus, P. antennarius, and P. elegans, and the freshwater crab Potamon fluviatile, and their current local distributions are described. In addition, three alien species were recorded: the common yabby Cherax destructor and the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, strictly linked to inland waters, and the Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus, a mainly marine species that can also colonise the lower stretches of rivers and coastal brackish waters. The collected data suggest the existence of a partial segregation of native versus non-native species, with the latter currently confined to coastal water bodies and the lower stretches of rivers. Moreover, the exclusively freshwater caridean A. desmarestii and P. antennarius show a parapatric distribution in the study area, which may suggest the existence of mutual exclusion phenomena. The results obtained raise some concerns about the effects of alien species on the native biota, and dedicated monitoring and management strategies should be implemented in order to better understand and mitigate their impact.
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Soares MC, Banha F, Cardoso S, Gama M, Xavier R, Ribeiro L, Anastácio P. Haemolymph glycaemia as an environmental stress biomarker in the invasive red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Physiol Biochem Zool 2022; 95:265-277. [DOI: 10.1086/719857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Extremes Rainfall Events on Riparian Flora and Vegetation in the Mediterranean Basin: A Challenging but Completely Unexplored Theme. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14050817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In a global climate change scenario “Extreme climatic events” are expected to widely affect flora and vegetation in Med-regions, especially “Extremes Rainfall Events” which will have impacts on riparian environments. Aiming to provide an in-depth picture on the effects of these events on the riparian flora and vegetation in the Mediterranean Basin, especially focusing on islands, a bibliographic search was performed in the main international databases, which led to 571 articles published from 2000 to 2021. Most studies have analyzed these phenomena from the climatic point of view identifying three main topics “Rainfall”, “Global/Climate change”, and “Flood”. 81 papers concerned effects of extreme events on Mediterranean woodland formations and cultivated plants. A further analysis focused on European countries and Mediterranean bioregion using “Extreme rainfall events” and “Extreme rainfall and floods” as keywords. A low number of records relating to Mediterranean island regions was found, having Sicily as the study area. Moreover, seven articles had Sardinia as a study area, four of which referred to flora and vegetation. A lack of studies on the effects of extreme rainfall events on riparian flora and vegetation were highlighted. This review constitutes a call for researchers to explore extreme phenomena that have become recurrent in the Mediterranean Basin.
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Vanham D, Alfieri L, Feyen L. National water shortage for low to high environmental flow protection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3037. [PMID: 35194115 PMCID: PMC8864015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Global freshwater biodiversity has been decreasing rapidly, requiring the restoration and maintenance of environmental flows (EFs) in streams and rivers. EFs provide many ecosystem services that benefit humans. Reserving such EFs for aquatic ecosystems, implies less renewable water availability for direct human water use such as agriculture, industry, cities and energy. Here we show that, depending on the level of EF protection, global annual renewable water availability for humans decreases between 41 and 80% compared to when not reserving EFs. With low EF protection, currently 53 countries experience different levels of water shortage, which increases to 101 countries for high EF protection. Countries will carefully have to balance the amount of water allocated to humans and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vanham
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy.
| | | | - Luc Feyen
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
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24
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Qadri H, Uqab B, Javeed O, Dar GH, Bhat RA. Ceratophyllum demersum-An accretion biotool for heavy metal remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150548. [PMID: 34597963 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater habitats are under serious threat due to the diverse pressures of development and restoration of these ecosystems is an important challenge in the present era. With a number of scientifically advanced methods available for restoration of these systems, phytoremediation finds its unique space as an ecologically sustainable technique. In this paper, a case study of Certophyllum demersum as a tool of heavy metal remediation in Dal lake, a natural freshwater system in Kashmir, India is presented. At all concentrations (2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm) the metal accumulation efficiency of C. demersum is of the order of Co2+ > Cd2+ > Mn2+ followed by other metals. The carbohydrate- protein plot reveals positive correlation (0.696) with the heavy metal uptake while the lipid-protein plot overall shows a weak correlation (0.296) and the carbohydrate-lipid plot shows an insignificant correlation (0.019). The results of the present study revealed attenuation of protein levels at low doses which lowered with increased heavy metal concentrations. Further, the overall lipid and carbohydrate content of the cultured C. demersum displayed a general decline with a rise in the concentration of heavy metals The overall study indicates the efficiency of C. demersum to adapt in polluted conditions and its potential to remove heavy metals for sustainable restoration of the degraded aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Qadri
- Sri Pratap College, School of Sciences, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar-1, India.
| | - Baba Uqab
- Sri Pratap College, School of Sciences, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar-1, India
| | - Ovais Javeed
- Sri Pratap College, School of Sciences, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar-1, India
| | - Gowhar Hamid Dar
- Sri Pratap College, School of Sciences, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar-1, India
| | - Rouf Ahmad Bhat
- Sri Pratap College, School of Sciences, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar-1, India
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Hájek M, Těšitel J, Tahvanainen T, Peterka T, Jiménez-Alfaro B, Jansen F, Pérez-Haase A, Garbolino E, Carbognani M, Kolari THM, Hájková P, Jandt U, Aunina L, Pawlikowski P, Ivchenko T, Tomaselli M, Tichý L, Dítě D, Plesková Z, Mikulášková E. Rising temperature modulates pH niches of fen species. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1023-1037. [PMID: 34748262 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rising temperatures may endanger fragile ecosystems because their character and key species show different habitat affinities under different climates. This assumption has only been tested in limited geographical scales. In fens, one of the most endangered ecosystems in Europe, broader pH niches have been reported from cold areas and are expected for colder past periods. We used the largest European-scale vegetation database from fens to test the hypothesis that pH interacts with macroclimate temperature in forming realized niches of fen moss and vascular plant species. We calibrated the data set (29,885 plots after heterogeneity-constrained resampling) with temperature, using two macroclimate variables, and with the adjusted pH, a variable combining pH and calcium richness. We modelled temperature, pH and water level niches for one hundred species best characterizing European fens using generalized additive models and tested the interaction between pH and temperature. Fifty-five fen species showed a statistically significant interaction between pH and temperature (adj p ˂ .01). Forty-six of them (84%) showed a positive interaction manifested by a shift or restriction of their niche to higher pH in warmer locations. Nine vascular plants and no moss showed the opposite interaction. Mosses showed significantly greater interaction. We conclude that climate significantly modulates edaphic niches of fen plants, especially bryophytes. This result explains previously reported regional changes in realized pH niches, a current habitat-dependent decline of endangered taxa, and distribution changes in the past. A warmer climate makes growing seasons longer and warmer, increases productivity, and may lower the water level. These effects prolong the duration and intensity of interspecific competition, support highly competitive Sphagnum mosses, and, as such, force niches of specialized fen species towards narrower high-pH ranges. Recent anthropogenic landscape changes pose a severe threat to many fen species and call for mitigation measures to lower competition pressure in their refugia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hájek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Těšitel
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Teemu Tahvanainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Tomáš Peterka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borja Jiménez-Alfaro
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (CSIC/UO/PA), University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - Florian Jansen
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Rostock University, Rostock, Germany
| | - Aaron Pérez-Haase
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Garbolino
- Climpact Data Science, Nova Sophia - Regus Nova, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Michele Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Tiina H M Kolari
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Petra Hájková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Paleoecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ute Jandt
- Geobotany & Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liene Aunina
- Laboratory of Geobotany, Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Paweł Pawlikowski
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tatiana Ivchenko
- Laboratory of General Geobotany, Komarov Botanical Institute R.A.S. St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marcello Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Lubomír Tichý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Dítě
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Plesková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mikulášková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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26
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Hydromorphological Assessment as the Basis for Ecosystem Restoration in the Nanxi River Basin (China). LAND 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/land11020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydromorphology is a major component of riverine ecosystems. Therefore, proper assessments of the status quo, as well as the detection of pressures in river basins, are of high relevance. Process-based morphological methods have been developed, relying on a broad data basis and resulting in suitable instruments, such as the Morphological Quality Index (MQI). In this study, the hydromorphological status of the Nanxi river system in Eastern China was assessed by an adapted application of the MQI. Adaptations and amendments in the methodical approach were developed in cycles and carried out to transfer the well-approved method for European river systems to another geographical setting. The strengths of the tested approach are the few data requirements, the applicability for modified river basins, and the decoupling of historical information. The assessment of 161 river kilometers resulted in a hydromorphological status quo with the focus being a relative comparison of different sections ranging from “moderate” to “bad”, with an average classification of a “poor” state. On the one hand, the results build the basis for future restoration and river management planning, specifically, and on the other hand, they create a foundation for the development of an assessment method fitted for modified river systems conditions.
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Heikkinen K, Saari M, Heino J, Ronkanen AK, Kortelainen P, Joensuu S, Vilmi A, Karjalainen SM, Hellsten S, Visuri M, Marttila H. Iron in boreal river catchments: Biogeochemical, ecological and management implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150256. [PMID: 34537693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an important element in aquatic ecosystems worldwide because it is intimately tied with multiple abiotic and biotic phenomena. Here, we give a survey of manifold influences of Fe, and the key factors affecting it in the boreal catchments and their waters. It includes the perspectives of biogeochemistry, hydrology, ecology, and river basin management. We emphasize views on the dynamics and impacts of different forms of Fe in riverine environments, including organic colloids and particles, as well as inorganic fractions. We also provide perspectives for land use management in boreal catchments and suggest guidelines for decision making and water management. Based on our survey, the main emphases of water protection and management programs should be (i) prevention of Fe mobilization from soil layers by avoiding unnecessary land-use activities and minimizing soil disturbance in high-risk areas; (ii) disconnecting Fe-rich ground water discharge from directly reaching watercourses; and (iii) decreasing transport of Fe to watercourses by applying efficient water pollution control approaches. These approaches may require specific methods that should be given attention depending on catchment conditions in different areas. Finally, we highlight issues requiring additional research on boreal catchments. A key issue is to increase our understanding of the role of Fe in the utilization of DOM in riverine food webs, which are typically highly heterotrophic. More knowledge is needed on the metabolic and behavioral resistance mechanisms that aquatic organisms, such as algae, invertebrates, and fish, have developed to counter the harmful impacts of Fe in rivers with naturally high Fe and DOM concentrations. It is also emphasized that to fulfil the needs presented above, as well as to develop effective methods for decreasing the harmful impacts of Fe in water management, the biogeochemical processes contributing to Fe transport from catchments via rivers to estuaries should be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Heikkinen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - M Saari
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, P. O. Box 4300, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland.
| | - J Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - A-K Ronkanen
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, P. O. Box 4300, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - P Kortelainen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Joensuu
- Tapio Ltd., Maistraatinportti 4, FI-00240 Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Vilmi
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - S-M Karjalainen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - S Hellsten
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - M Visuri
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, P. O. Box 413, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - H Marttila
- Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, P. O. Box 4300, 90014, University of Oulu, Finland
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28
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Schletterer M, Weiss SJ, Kuzovlev VV, Vitecek S, Borgwardt F, Graf W. The rare and enigmatic mayfly Prosopistoma pennigerum (Müller, 1785): Habitat characteristics, recent records from the Volga (Russia) and Vjosa (Albania) rivers, and a proposal for flagship species status. AQUATIC CONSERVATION : MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS 2021; 31:3636-3643. [PMID: 35875364 PMCID: PMC9298885 DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nymphs of all 29 described Prosopistoma species share a conspicuous synapomorphy: a round mesonotal shield, the carapace. They occur in the Palaearctic (nine species), the Oriental (12 species) and the Afrotropic as well as Australian regions (six and two species, respectively). Relatively little is known about their ecology, but past and extant distribution patterns indicate an association with undisturbed conditions. Prosopistoma pennigerum is a rare European mayfly with conspicuous nymphs. Formerly common in large rivers, it has been extirpated from central Europe over the last century.This study evaluated general habitat characteristics and human pressures for historical and current records of this rare species. Prosopistoma pennigerum is currently known from only three European rivers, all with gravel substrates, naturally dynamic discharge regimes, summer-warm water temperatures, and little human pressure.This study showed that nymphs from the Vjosa and upper Volga rivers, two relatively natural watercourses 2,000 km apart, are morphologically indistinguishable, and show no variation across a ca. 600-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene.Flagship species were first designated in the 1980s, when charismatic species with high habitat requirements such as the Bengal tiger or the giant panda, but also invertebrates are used to communicate conservation and protection needs. We propose that Europe's rarest mayfly P. pennigerum, with its unusual nymphs and remaining populations in naturally dynamic river courses, can serve as a flagship species promoting the preservation of ecological integrity in European rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schletterer
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG)University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | | | - Vyacheslav V. Kuzovlev
- Chair of Nature Management and EcologyTver State Technical UniversityTverRussia
- Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring of the Tver Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Rosgidromet)TverRussia
| | - Simon Vitecek
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG)University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- WasserCluster Lunz – Biologische StationLunz am SeeAustria
| | - Florian Borgwardt
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG)University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Wolfram Graf
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG)University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
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29
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Sheaves M, Waltham NJ, Benham C, Bradley M, Mattone C, Diedrich A, Sheaves J, Sheaves A, Hernandez S, Dale P, Banhalmi-Zakar Z, Newlands M. Restoration of marine ecosystems: Understanding possible futures for optimal outcomes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148845. [PMID: 34274664 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Accelerating declines in the extent, quality and functioning of the world's marine ecosystems have generated an upsurge in focus on practical solutions, with ecosystem restoration becoming an increasingly attractive mitigation strategy for systems as diverse as coral reefs, mangroves and tidal flats. While restoration is popular because it promises positive outcomes and a return to something approaching unimpacted condition and functioning, it involves substantial public and private investment, both for the initial restoration activity and for on-going maintenance of the restored asset. This investment often affords one big chance to get things right before irretrievable damage is done. As a result, precise, well considered and accountable decision-making is needed to determine the specific focus for restoration, the scale of restoration, the location for deploying restoration activities, and indeed whether or not restoration is necessary or even possible. We explore the environmental/ecological considerations and constraints governing optimal decisions about the nature, location and prioritisation of restoration activities in marine ecosystems, and in particular the constraints on achieving understanding of possible futures and the likelihood of achieving them. We conclude that action must be informed by a context-specific understanding of the historical situation, the current situation, the constraints on change, the range of potential outcome scenarios, and the potential futures envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sheaves
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia.
| | - N J Waltham
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia; Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research (TropWATER), College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - C Benham
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - M Bradley
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - C Mattone
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - A Diedrich
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - J Sheaves
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - A Sheaves
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - S Hernandez
- Marine Data Technology Hub, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - P Dale
- School of Environment and Science, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4011, Australia
| | - Z Banhalmi-Zakar
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - M Newlands
- College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia
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Linking Hydrogeology and Ecology in Karst Landscapes: The Response of Epigean and Obligate Groundwater Copepods (Crustacea: Copepoda). WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13152106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Groundwater invertebrate communities in karst landscapes are known to vary in response to multiple environmental factors. This study aims to explore the invertebrate assemblages’ composition of an Apennine karst system in Italy mainly described by the Rio Gamberale surface stream and the Stiffe Cave. The stream sinks into the carbonate rock and predominantly feeds the saturated karst into the cave. For a minor portion, groundwater flows from the epikarst and the perched aquifer within it. The spatial distribution of the species belonging to the selected target group of the Crustacea Copepoda between the surface stream and the groundwater habitats inside the cave highlighted a different response of surface-water species and obligate groundwater dwellers to the hydrogeological traits of the karst unit. Our results suggest that fast endorheic infiltration routes promoted the drift of epigean species from the surface to groundwater via the sinking stream while most of the obligate groundwater dwellers come from the perched aquifer in the epikarst from diffuse infiltration pathways.
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Diversity of Algae and Cyanobacteria and Bioindication Characteristics of the Alpine Lake Nesamovyte (Eastern Carpathians, Ukraine) from 100 Years Ago to the Present. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13060256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The species diversity and changes in the structural dynamics of the algal flora from the alpine lake Nesamovyte has been studied for 100 years. During the period of investigations, 234 species (245 infraspecific taxa) were revealed to cover more than 70% of the modern species composition of the studied lake. The modern biodiversity of algae is characterized by an increase in the number of widespread forms, a change from the baseline “montane” complex in comparison to the beginning of the 20th century. Nevertheless, the Nesamovyte Lake still has a unique algae composition that is typical for high-mountainous European lakes. The presence of a different complex of conventionally arctic species of algae, in particular, diatoms is discussed. Structural changes in the taxonomic composition of the algal flora of the lake as well as in the complex of the leading genera, species and their diversity are revealed. An ecological analysis of the algal species composition of the lake showed vulnerability and degradation to the ecosystem of the lake. On this basis, the issue regarding the question of protection and preservation of the algae significance and uniqueness of the flora of algae in the Nesamovyte Lake are discussed.
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Saber AA, Gontcharov AA, Nikulin AY, Nikulin VY, Rayan WA, Cantonati M. Integrative Taxonomic, Ecological and Genotyping Study of Charophyte Populations from the Egyptian Western-Desert Oases and Sinai Peninsula. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061157. [PMID: 34200166 PMCID: PMC8226818 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Present-day information available on the charophyte macroalgae in Egypt, including their phylogenetic affinities, remains largely incomplete. In this study, nine charophyte populations were collected from different aquatic biotopes across the Egyptian Western-Desert Oases and Sinai Peninsula. All populations were investigated using an integrative polyphasic approach including phylogenetic analyses inferred from the chloroplast-encoded gene (rbcL) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) regions, in parallel with morphotaxonomic assignment, ultrastructure of the oospore walls, and autecology. The specimens identified belonged to the genera Chara, Nitella, and Tolypella, with predominance of the first genus to which five species were assigned though they presented some interesting aberrant taxonomic features: C. aspera, C. contraria, C. globata, C. tomentosa, and C. vulgaris. Based on our integrative study, the globally rare species C. globata was reported for the second time for the whole African continent. The genus Nitella was only represented by N. flagellifera, and based on the available literature, it is a new record for North Africa. Noteworthy, an interesting Tolypella sp., morphologically very similar to T. glomerata, was collected and characterized and finally designated with the working name 'Tolypella sp. PBA-1704 from a desert, freshwater wetland', mainly based on its concatenated rbcL+ITS1 phylogenetic position. This study not only improved our understanding on the diversity, biogeography and autecological preferences of charophytes in Egypt, but it also broadened our knowledge on this vulnerable algal group in North Africa, emphasizing the need of more in-depth research work in the future, particularly in the less-impacted desert habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A. Saber
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.A.S.); (W.A.R.)
| | - Andrey A. Gontcharov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.G.); (A.Y.N.); (V.Y.N.)
| | - Arthur Yu. Nikulin
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.G.); (A.Y.N.); (V.Y.N.)
| | - Vyacheslav Yu. Nikulin
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; (A.A.G.); (A.Y.N.); (V.Y.N.)
| | - Walaa A. Rayan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.A.S.); (W.A.R.)
| | - Marco Cantonati
- MUSE—Museo delle Scienze, Limnology & Phycology Section, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, I-38123 Trento, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0461-270342
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Abrahams C, Desjonquères C, Greenhalgh J. Pond Acoustic Sampling Scheme: A draft protocol for rapid acoustic data collection in small waterbodies. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:7532-7543. [PMID: 34188832 PMCID: PMC8216941 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater conservation is vital to the maintenance of global biodiversity. Ponds are a critical, yet often under-recognized, part of this, contributing to overall ecosystem functioning and diversity. They provide habitats for a range of aquatic, terrestrial, and amphibious life, often including rare and declining species.Effective, rapid, and accessible survey methods are needed to enable evidence-based conservation action, but freshwater taxa are often viewed as "difficult"-and few specialist surveyors are available. Datasets on ponds are therefore limited in their spatiotemporal coverage.With the advent of new recording technologies, acoustic survey methods are becoming increasingly available to researchers, citizen scientists, and conservation practitioners. They can be an effective and noninvasive approach for gathering data on target species, assemblages, and environmental variables. However, freshwater applications are lagging behind those in terrestrial and marine spheres, and as an emergent method, research studies have employed a multitude of different sampling protocols.We propose the Pond Acoustic Sampling Scheme (PASS), a simple protocol to allow a standardized minimal sample to be collected rapidly from small waterbodies, alongside environmental and methodological metadata. This sampling scheme can be incorporated into a variety of survey designs and is intended to allow access to a wide range of participants, without requiring complicated or prohibitively expensive equipment.Adoption of this sampling protocol would enable consistent sound recordings to be gathered by researchers and conservation organizations, and allow the development of landscape-scale surveys, data sharing, and collaboration within an expanding freshwater ecoacoustic community-rather than individual approaches that produce incompatible datasets. The compilation of standardized data would improve the prospects for effective research into the soundscapes of small waterbodies and aid freshwater conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Abrahams
- Baker Consultants LtdMatlockUK
- Nottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK
| | - Camille Desjonquères
- Behavioral and Molecular Ecology GroupDepartment of Biological SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWIUSA
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Ochieng H, Gandhi WP, Magezi G, Okot-Okumu J, Odong R. Diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in anthropogenically disturbed Aturukuku River, Eastern Uganda. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2021.1885309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Willy P Gandhi
- National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organisation, Jinja, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Magezi
- National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organisation, Jinja, Uganda
| | - James Okot-Okumu
- Department of Environmental Management, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robinson Odong
- Department of Zoology, Entomology and Fisheries Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Abstract
We carried out an overview of the studies on the traits of the meiofauna of the littoral zone of lakes to investigate the question relating to the Raunkiaeran shortfall (lack of knowledge on biological traits). For this purpose, we selected a series of keywords associated with response and effect traits (feeding habits, locomotion and substrate relation, body size, shape and mass, life history, reproductive strategy, respiration and thermal tolerance) and we counted the relative frequency of occurrence in a set of scientific papers retrieved from Web of Science. The results showed that, except for the traits related to diet and feeding habits, the Raunkiaeran shortfall is very pronounced for all meiofaunal taxa of the littoral zone of lakes, especially for those related to soft-bodied organisms. The reason behind this deficiency concerns many aspects ranging from the high taxonomic expertise required to the intrinsic difficulties of observing organisms of such a small size. The relationship with temperature has not been sufficiently explored and formalized in any of the examined traits; this research aspect needs to be rapidly addressed since the prospects of climate change impacts on lake littorals are expected to be particularly severe.
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Kumar R, Kumari R, Prasad C, Tiwari V, Singh N, Mohapatra S, Merugu R, Namtak S, Deep A. Phytoplankton diversity in relation to physicochemical attributes and water quality of Mandakini River, Garhwal Himalaya. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:799. [PMID: 33263156 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplankton are important biological indicators of water quality. This current study assessed the physicochemical parameters and phytoplankton diversity of Mandakini River, an important tributary of the River Ganga. Water and phytoplankton samples were collected from three sampling sites located at three different altitudes for a period of twelve months (July 2018-June 2019). Water samples were analyzed for fourteen important physicochemical parameters along with the identification of phytoplankton by following the standard methodology. A total of 21 species of phytoplankton under three major groups Bacillariophyceae (Cymbella aequalis, Diatoma vulgaris, Fragilaria arcus, Frustulia rhomboids, Gomphonema geminatum, Navicula confervacea, Nitzchia diversa, and Synedra ulna); Chlorophyceae (Volvox sp., Cladophora glomerata, Closterium longissima, Hydrodictyon sp., Microspora amoena, Spirogyra sp., Oedogonium sp., Ulothrix zonata, and Zygnema cylindrospermum); and Cyanophyceae (Anabaena ambigua, Chlorococcum humicola, Nodularia sp., and Oscillatoria sancta) were observed and recorded during the study period. Site S3 (Rudraprayag) had the highest species diversity. From this study, the effect of physicochemical parameters on the diversity and density of phytoplankton was observed. It also includes the overall significance of phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters to the water quality of the Mandakini River along with the key factors that were responsible for the degradation of water quality. The current study also provides baseline information to future researchers working in a similar discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
| | - Rama Kumari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Chandi Prasad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Vijayta Tiwari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Swati Mohapatra
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Ramchander Merugu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi University, Anneparthy, Nalgonda, Telangana State, 508254, India
| | - Stanzin Namtak
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Akash Deep
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
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Iannella M, Fiasca B, Di Lorenzo T, Biondi M, Di Cicco M, Galassi DMP. Spatial distribution of stygobitic crustacean harpacticoids at the boundaries of groundwater habitat types in Europe. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19043. [PMID: 33149242 PMCID: PMC7642423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution patterns of stygobitic crustacean harpacticoids at the boundaries of three different groundwater habitat types in Europe were analysed through a GIS proximity analysis and fitted to exponential models. The results showed that the highest frequency of occurrences was recorded in aquifers in consolidated rocks, followed by the aquifers in unconsolidated sediments and, finally, by the practically non-aquiferous rocks. The majority of the stygobitic harpacticoid species were not able to disperse across the boundaries between two adjacent habitats, with 66% of the species occurring in a single habitat type. The species were not evenly distributed, and 35–69% of them occurred from 2 to 6 km to the boundaries, depending on the adjacent habitat types. The distribution patterns were shaped by features extrinsic to the species, such as the hydrogeological properties of the aquifers, and by species’ intrinsic characteristics such as the preference for a given habitat type and dispersal abilities. Most boundaries between adjacent habitat types resulted to be “breaches”, that is transmissive borders for stygobitic harpacticoids, while others were “impermeable walls”, that is absorptive borders. Our results suggest that conservation measures of groundwater harpacticoids should consider how species are distributed within the different groundwater habitat types and at their boundaries to ensure the preservation of species metapopulations within habitat patches and beyond them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Iannella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Barbara Fiasca
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Biondi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mattia Di Cicco
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Diana M P Galassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy.
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Montanari I, Buldrini F, Bolpagni R, Laini A, Dalla Vecchia A, De Bernardini N, Campione L, Castellari I, Gizzi G, Landi S, Chiarucci A. Role of irrigation canal morphology in driving riparian flora in over-exploited catchments. COMMUNITY ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-020-00024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Alien Crayfish Species in the Deep Subalpine Lake Maggiore (NW-Italy), with a Focus on the Biometry and Habitat Preferences of the Spiny-Cheek Crayfish. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien species are a major threat to biodiversity. Thus, it is fundamental to implement control strategies at the early stages of invasions. In the framework of the Italian-Swiss Alien Invasive Species in Lake Maggiore cooperative programme, we performed an extensive study on the occurrence and ecology of alien crayfish, one of the most significant invaders of freshwater habitats. From April 2017 to July 2018, we inspected seventy-five sites along the coastline to verify crayfish occurrence. We recorded, for the first time, the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus. Additionally, we found few individuals and remains of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, and confirmed the presence of a consistent population of the spinycheek crayfish Orconectes limosus. Given the high number of O. limosus’ individuals found, it was possible to perform in-depth biometric and ecological analyses for this abundant species only. We observed no significant differences of biometric measures between males and females of O. limosus. We explore its habitat preferences with a generalized linear model, detecting a significant relationship between mean annual temperatures and the presence of shelters of this species. These results, together, have direct implications for planning rapid management response actions on alien crayfish in large and deep lakes.
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Stockwell JD, Doubek JP, Adrian R, Anneville O, Carey CC, Carvalho L, De Senerpont Domis LN, Dur G, Frassl MA, Grossart H, Ibelings BW, Lajeunesse MJ, Lewandowska AM, Llames ME, Matsuzaki SS, Nodine ER, Nõges P, Patil VP, Pomati F, Rinke K, Rudstam LG, Rusak JA, Salmaso N, Seltmann CT, Straile D, Thackeray SJ, Thiery W, Urrutia‐Cordero P, Venail P, Verburg P, Woolway RI, Zohary T, Andersen MR, Bhattacharya R, Hejzlar J, Janatian N, Kpodonu ATNK, Williamson TJ, Wilson HL. Storm impacts on phytoplankton community dynamics in lakes. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:2756-2784. [PMID: 32133744 PMCID: PMC7216882 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In many regions across the globe, extreme weather events such as storms have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration due to climate change. Ecological theory predicts that such extreme events should have large impacts on ecosystem structure and function. High winds and precipitation associated with storms can affect lakes via short-term runoff events from watersheds and physical mixing of the water column. In addition, lakes connected to rivers and streams will also experience flushing due to high flow rates. Although we have a well-developed understanding of how wind and precipitation events can alter lake physical processes and some aspects of biogeochemical cycling, our mechanistic understanding of the emergent responses of phytoplankton communities is poor. Here we provide a comprehensive synthesis that identifies how storms interact with lake and watershed attributes and their antecedent conditions to generate changes in lake physical and chemical environments. Such changes can restructure phytoplankton communities and their dynamics, as well as result in altered ecological function (e.g., carbon, nutrient and energy cycling) in the short- and long-term. We summarize the current understanding of storm-induced phytoplankton dynamics, identify knowledge gaps with a systematic review of the literature, and suggest future research directions across a gradient of lake types and environmental conditions.
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Diatom Species Richness in Swiss Springs Increases with Habitat Complexity and Elevation. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the drivers of species richness gradients is a central challenge of ecological and biodiversity research in freshwater science. Species richness along elevational gradients reveals a great variety of patterns. Here, we investigate elevational changes in species richness and turnover between microhabitats in near-natural spring habitats across Switzerland. Species richness was determined for 175 subsamples from 71 near-natural springs, and Poisson regression was applied between species richness and environmental predictors. Compositional turnover was calculated between the different microhabitats within single springs using the Jaccard index based on observed species and the Chao index based on estimated species numbers. In total, 539 diatom species were identified. Species richness increased monotonically with elevation. Habitat diversity and elevation explaining some of the species richness per site. The Jaccard index for the measured compositional turnover showed a mean similarity of 70% between microhabitats within springs, whereas the Chao index which accounts for sampling artefacts estimated a turnover of only 37%. Thus, the commonly applied method of counting 500 valves led to an undersampling of the rare species and might need to be reconsidered when assessing diatom biodiversity.
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