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Liu Z, Cheng P, Feng T, Xie Z, Yang M, Chen Z, Hu S, Han D, Chen W. Nrf2/HO-1 blocks TXNIP/NLRP3 interaction via elimination of ROS in oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal necroptosis. Brain Res 2023; 1817:148482. [PMID: 37442251 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is known to trigger a cascade of inflammatory events that induces secondary tissue damages. As a type of regulated inflammatory cell death, necroptosis is associated with AIS, whilst its regulation during neuroinflammation is not well understood. In particular, the actual function of NOD-like-receptor family pyrin domain-containing-3(NLRP3) inflammasome in cortical neuronal necroptosis still not clear. Herein, we explored the function of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induced neuronal necroptosis and its underlying mechanism. To establish an in vitro model of neuronal necrosis, we used OGD/caspase-8 inhibitors (Q-VD-OPh, QVD) to treat rat primary cortical neurons (PCNs) after reoxygenation, wherein we found that the model cause an elevated ROS levels by mediating TXNIP/NLRP3 interactions, which in turn activated the NLRP3 inflammasome. Also, we observed that regulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) promoted heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and decreased TXNIP (a protein that relate oxidative stress to activation of inflammasome) and ROS levels, which negatively regulated the expression of OGD-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. In addition, HO-1 weakened NLRP3 inflammation body activation, which suggests that Nrf2-regulated HO-1 could block the interaction between TXNIP and NLRP3 in OGD/R-treated cortical neurons by inhibiting ROS production. Our study has discovered the importance of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling cascade for inhibiting inflammasome of NLRP3, which negatively regulated necrosis. Therefore, NLRP3 is considered a potential target for a novel neuroprotective approach, which can expand the therapeutic windows of stroke drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China
| | - Meifang Yang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Zhiren Chen
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Shuqun Hu
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Dong Han
- Institute of Emergency Rescue Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital/The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University/ XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China.
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Xu J, Zhu K, Wang Y, Chen J. The dual role and mutual dependence of heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis in the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic intersection. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:483-501. [PMID: 36310300 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In physiological concentrations, heme is nontoxic to the cell and is essential for cell survival and proliferation. Increasing intracellular heme concentrations beyond normal levels, however, will lead to carcinogenesis and facilitate the survival of tumor cells. Simultaneously, heme in an abnormally high quantity is also a potent inducer of tumor cell death, contributing to its ability to generate oxidative stress on the cells by boosting oxidative phosphorylation and suppressing tumors through ferroptosis. During tumorigenesis and progression, therefore, heme works as a double-edged sword. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism, which converts heme into physiologically active catabolites of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and ferrous iron (Fe2+). HO-1 maintains redox equilibrium in healthy cells and functions as a carcinogenesis inhibitor. It is widely recognized that HO-1 is involved in the adaptive response to cellular stress and the anti-inflammation effect. Notably, its expression level in cancer cells corresponds with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Besides, heme-binding transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) play a critical regulatory role in heme homeostasis, oxidative stress and senescence, cell cycle, angiogenesis, immune cell differentiation, and autoimmune disorders. Moreover, it was found that Bach1 influences cancer cells' metabolism and metastatic capacity. Bach1 controls heme level by adjusting HO-1 expression, establishing a negative feedback loop. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the authors review recent studies on heme, HO-1, and Bach1 in cancer. Specifically, they cover the following areas: (1) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of heme; (2) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of HO-1; (3) the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic aspects of Bach1; (4) the interactions of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis involved in tumor progression. CONCLUSION This review summarized the literature about the dual role of the heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis and their mutual dependence in the carcinogenesis and anti-carcinogenesis intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | | | - Yali Wang
- Jiangsu Huai'an Maternity and Children Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Zhu Z, Tran H, Mathahs MM, Fink BD, Albert JA, Moninger TO, Meier JL, Li M, Schmidt WN. Zinc protoporphyrin binding to telomerase complexes and inhibition of telomerase activity. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00882. [PMID: 34747573 PMCID: PMC8573827 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), a naturally occurring metalloprotoporphyrin (MPP), is currently under development as a chemotherapeutic agent although its mechanism is unclear. When tested against other MPPs, ZnPP was the most effective DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation inhibitor while promoting apoptosis in telomerase positive but not telomerase negative cells. Concurrently, ZnPP down-regulated telomerase expression and was the best overall inhibitor of telomerase activity in intact cells and cellular extracts with IC50 and EC50 values of ca 2.5 and 6 µM, respectively. The natural fluorescence properties of ZnPP enabled direct imaging in cellular fractions using non-denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis, western blots, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. ZnPP localized to large cellular complexes (>600 kD) that contained telomerase and dysskerin as confirmed with immunocomplex mobility shift, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblot analyses. Confocal fluorescence studies showed that ZnPP co-localized with telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomeres in the nucleus of synchronized S-phase cells. ZnPP also co-localized with TERT in the perinuclear regions of log phase cells but did not co-localize with telomeres on the ends of metaphase chromosomes, a site known to be devoid of telomerase complexes. Overall, these results suggest that ZnPP does not bind to telomeric sequences per se, but alternatively, interacts with other structural components of the telomerase complex to inhibit telomerase activity. In conclusion, ZnPP actively interferes with telomerase activity in neoplastic cells, thus promoting pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties. These data support further development of natural or synthetic protoporphyrins for use as chemotherapeutic agents to augment current treatment protocols for neoplastic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineRoy G. and Lucille A. Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Huy Tran
- Department of Internal MedicineRoy G. and Lucille A. Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Meleah M. Mathahs
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Brian D. Fink
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - John A. Albert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Thomas O. Moninger
- Central Microscopy Research Facility Roy G. and Lucille A. Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Jeffery L. Meier
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineRoy G. and Lucille A. Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Warren N. Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineRoy G. and Lucille A. Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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The Role of HO-1 and Its Crosstalk with Oxidative Stress in Cancer Cell Survival. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092401. [PMID: 34572050 PMCID: PMC8471703 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenases (HOs) act on heme degradation to produce carbon monoxide (CO), free iron, ferritin, and biliverdin. Upregulation of cellular HO-1 levels is signature of oxidative stress for its downstream effects particularly under pro-oxidative status. Subcellular traffics of HO-1 to different organelles constitute a network of interactions compromising a variety of effectors such as pro-oxidants, ROS, mitochondrial enzymes, and nucleic transcription factors. Some of the compartmentalized HO-1 have been demonstrated as functioning in the progression of cancer. Emerging data show the multiple roles of HO-1 in tumorigenesis from pathogenesis to the progression to malignancy, metastasis, and even resistance to therapy. However, the role of HO-1 in tumorigenesis has not been systematically addressed. This review describes the crosstalk between HO-1 and oxidative stress, and following redox regulation in the tumorigenesis. HO-1-regulated signaling pathways are also summarized. This review aims to integrate basic information and current progress of HO-1 in cancer research in order to enhance the understandings and facilitate following studies.
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Nitti M, Ivaldo C, Traverso N, Furfaro AL. Clinical Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Tumor Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050789. [PMID: 34067625 PMCID: PMC8155918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a key role in cell adaptation to stressors through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolic products. For these reasons, in cancer cells, HO-1 can favor aggressiveness and resistance to therapies, leading to poor prognosis/outcome. Genetic polymorphisms of HO-1 promoter have been associated with an increased risk of cancer progression and a high degree of therapy failure. Moreover, evidence from cancer biopsies highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression, pathological features, and clinical outcome. Indeed, high levels of HO-1 in tumor specimens often correlate with reduced survival rates. Furthermore, HO-1 modulation has been proposed in order to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapies. However, contrasting evidence on the role of HO-1 in tumor biology has been reported. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 as a promising biomarker of cancer progression; understanding the correlation between HO-1 and clinical data might guide the therapeutic choice and improve the outcome of patients in terms of prognosis and life quality.
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Mirzaei S, Hushmandi K, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Torabi SMR, Ranjbar A, SeyedSaleh S, Sharifzadeh SO, Khan H, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Ahn KS. Elucidating Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cisplatin Chemotherapy: A Focus on Molecular Pathways and Possible Therapeutic Strategies. Molecules 2021; 26:2382. [PMID: 33921908 PMCID: PMC8073650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of chemotherapy is a major challenge nowadays, and in order to ensure effective treatment of cancer patients, it is of great importance to reveal the molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum-containing drug with anti-tumor activity against different cancers in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, drug resistance has restricted its potential in the treatment of cancer patients. CP can promote levels of free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cell death. Due to the double-edged sword role of ROS in cancer as a pro-survival or pro-death mechanism, ROS can result in CP resistance. In the present review, association of ROS with CP sensitivity/resistance is discussed, and in particular, how molecular pathways, both upstream and downstream targets, can affect the response of cancer cells to CP chemotherapy. Furthermore, anti-tumor compounds, such as curcumin, emodin, chloroquine that regulate ROS and related molecular pathways in increasing CP sensitivity are described. Nanoparticles can provide co-delivery of CP with anti-tumor agents and by mediating photodynamic therapy, and induce ROS overgeneration to trigger CP sensitivity. Genetic tools, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) can down-regulate molecular pathways such as HIF-1α and Nrf2 to promote ROS levels, leading to CP sensitivity. Considering the relationship between ROS and CP chemotherapy, and translating these findings to clinic can pave the way for effective treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Torabi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Adnan Ranjbar
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - SeyedHesam SeyedSaleh
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Kwang-Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Heme Oxygenase-1 Signaling and Redox Homeostasis in Physiopathological Conditions. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040589. [PMID: 33923744 PMCID: PMC8072688 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme-oxygenase is the enzyme responsible for degradation of endogenous iron protoporphyirin heme; it catalyzes the reaction’s rate-limiting step, resulting in the release of carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous ions, and biliverdin (BV), which is successively reduced in bilirubin (BR) by biliverdin reductase. Several studies have drawn attention to the controversial role of HO-1, the enzyme inducible isoform, pointing out its implications in cancer and other diseases development, but also underlining the importance of its antioxidant activity. The contribution of HO-1 in redox homeostasis leads to a relevant decrease in cells oxidative damage, which can be reconducted to its cytoprotective effects explicated alongside other endogenous mechanisms involving genes like TIGAR (TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator), but also to the therapeutic functions of heme main transformation products, especially carbon monoxide (CO), which has been shown to be effective on GSH levels implementation sustaining body’s antioxidant response to oxidative stress. The aim of this review was to collect most of the knowledge on HO-1 from literature, analyzing different perspectives to try and put forward a hypothesis on revealing yet unknown HO-1-involved pathways that could be useful to promote development of new therapeutical strategies, and lay the foundation for further investigation to fully understand this important antioxidant system.
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Fernández-Fierro A, Funes SC, Rios M, Covián C, González J, Kalergis AM. Immune Modulation by Inhibitors of the HO System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010294. [PMID: 33396647 PMCID: PMC7794909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system involves three isoforms of this enzyme, HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3. The three of them display the same catalytic activity, oxidating the heme group to produce biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide (CO). HO-1 is the isoform most widely studied in proinflammatory diseases because treatments that overexpress this enzyme promote the generation of anti-inflammatory products. However, neonatal jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) derived from HO overexpression led to the development of inhibitors, such as those based on metaloproto- and meso-porphyrins inhibitors with competitive activity. Further, non-competitive inhibitors have also been identified, such as synthetic and natural imidazole-dioxolane-based, small synthetic molecules, inhibitors of the enzyme regulation pathway, and genetic engineering using iRNA or CRISPR cas9. Despite most of the applications of the HO inhibitors being related to metabolic diseases, the beneficial effects of these molecules in immune-mediated diseases have also emerged. Different medical implications, including cancer, Alzheimer´s disease, and infections, are discussed in this article and as to how the selective inhibition of HO isoforms may contribute to the treatment of these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayleen Fernández-Fierro
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Samanta C. Funes
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina;
| | - Mariana Rios
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Camila Covián
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jorge González
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; (A.F.-F.); (M.R.); (C.C.); (J.G.)
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-22-686-2842
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Puentes-Pardo JD, Moreno-SanJuan S, Carazo Á, León J. Heme Oxygenase-1 in Gastrointestinal Tract Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121214. [PMID: 33276470 PMCID: PMC7760122 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of heme oxidative degradation, generating carbon monoxide (CO), free iron, and biliverdin. HO-1, a stress inducible enzyme, is considered as an anti-oxidative and cytoprotective agent. As many studies suggest, HO-1 is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract where it is involved in the response to inflammatory processes, which may lead to several diseases such as pancreatitis, diabetes, fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. In this review, we highlight the pivotal role of HO-1 and its downstream effectors in the development of disorders and their beneficial effects on the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract health. We also examine clinical trials involving the therapeutic targets derived from HO-1 system for the most common diseases of the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose D. Puentes-Pardo
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.D.P.-P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +34-958-023-706 (J.L.)
| | - Sara Moreno-SanJuan
- Cytometry and Microscopy Research Service, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Ángel Carazo
- Genomic Research Service, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Josefa León
- Research Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Disease, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.D.P.-P.); (J.L.); Tel.: +34-958-023-706 (J.L.)
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Talabnin C, Talabnin K, Wongkham S. Enhancement of piperlongumine chemosensitivity by silencing heme oxygenase-1 expression in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2483-2492. [PMID: 32782567 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces G2/M-phase arrest in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells via the JNK/ERK pathway. A differential response to PL was observed among all CCA cell lines However, the underlying mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of PL-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in CCA cell lines. The anti-proliferative action of PL in the CCA cell lines KKU-100 and KKU-213A was analyzed using sulforhodamine B assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to examine mRNA and protein expression. HO-1 inhibition was achieved using the chemical inhibitor zinc protophoryn or specific small interfering RNA to HO-1. Intracellular ROS was detected using a 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence assay. High expression of phase-II detoxification enzymes, including NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1, heme oxygenase-1, superoxide dismutases and aldo-keto reductase 1 subunits C-1 and 3, were detected in the KKU-100 cell line. Of the CCA cell lines tested, KKU-100 was the least sensitive to PL. Dose-dependent upregulation of HO-1 expression via PI3K/Akt activation was detected in PL-treated CCA cells. Inhibition of HO-1 eliminated the antioxidant defense mechanisms, leading to increased anti-cancer activity of PL in the CCA cell lines via an increase in intracellular ROS levels and apoptotic protein expression. These observations indicated that HO-1 inhibition had a chemosensitizing effect on CCA to PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Talabnin
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Krajang Talabnin
- School of Pathology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Chiang KC, Chang KS, Hsu SY, Sung HC, Feng TH, Chao M, Juang HH. Human Heme Oxygenase-1 Induced by Interleukin-6 via JAK/STAT3 Pathways Is a Tumor Suppressor Gene in Hepatoma Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030251. [PMID: 32204510 PMCID: PMC7139670 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has several important roles in hepatocytes in terms of anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and antioxidant properties. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine associated with liver regeneration and protection against injury. The aim of this study was to determine the potential crosstalk between HO-1 and IL-6, and to elucidate the signaling pathways involved in the induction of HO-1 by IL-6 in human hepatoma cells. Ectopic overexpression of HO-1 not only attenuated cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, but also blocked the reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H2O2 and the pyocyanin in HepG2 or Hep3B cells. IL-6 expression was negatively regulated by HO-1, while IL-6 induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation and HO-1 gene expression in HepG2 cells. The co-transfected HO-1 reporter vector and a protein inhibitor of the activated STAT3 (PIAS3) expression vector blocked the IL-6-induced HO-1 reporter activity. Both interferon γ and interleukin-1β treatments induced STAT1 but not STAT3 phosphorylation, which had no effects on the HO-1 expression. Treatments of AG490 and luteolin blocked the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways which attenuated IL-6 activation on the HO-1 expression. Our results indicated that HO-1 is the antitumor gene induced by IL-6 through the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathways; moreover, a feedback circuit may exist between IL-6 and HO-1 in hepatoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- Department of General Surgery, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Kang-Shuo Chang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-S.C.); (S.-Y.H.); (H.-C.S.)
- Institute of Medicine Science, College of Medicine, ChSang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-S.C.); (S.-Y.H.); (H.-C.S.)
| | - Hsin-Ching Sung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-S.C.); (S.-Y.H.); (H.-C.S.)
| | - Tsui-Hsia Feng
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Mei Chao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (H.-H.J.); Tel.:+886-3-2118800 (M.C. & H.-H.J.); Fax: +886-3-2118112 (M.C. & H.-H.J.)
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-S.C.); (S.-Y.H.); (H.-C.S.)
- Institute of Medicine Science, College of Medicine, ChSang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (H.-H.J.); Tel.:+886-3-2118800 (M.C. & H.-H.J.); Fax: +886-3-2118112 (M.C. & H.-H.J.)
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Castruccio Castracani C, Longhitano L, Distefano A, Di Rosa M, Pittalà V, Lupo G, Caruso M, Corona D, Tibullo D, Li Volti G. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide Regulate Growth and Progression in Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2436-2446. [PMID: 32108290 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01869-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In human glioma tumours, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is overexpressed when compared with normal brain tissues and during oligodendroglioma progression. However, the molecular mechanisms mediated by HO-1 to promote glioblastoma remain unknown. We therefore aimed at investigating the effect of HO-1 expression and its selective enzymatic inhibition in two different cell lines (i.e. A172 and U87-MG). HO-1 was induced by hemin treatment (10 μM), and VP13/47 (100 μM) was used as a specific non-competitive inhibitor of HO-1 activity. Cell proliferation was measured by cell index measurement (xCelligence technology) and clonogenic assay, whereas cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) (i.e. CORM-3 and CORM-A1) were also used in a separate set of experiments to confirm the effect of HO-1 by-product in glioblastoma progression further. Our results were further validated using GSE4412 microarray dataset analysis and comparing biopsies overexpressing HO-1 with the rest of the cases. Our results showed that hemin was able to induce both HO-1 gene and protein expression in a cell-dependent manner being A172 more responsive to pharmacological upregulation of HO-1. Hemin, but not CORMs treatment, resulted in a significant increase of cell proliferation following 24 h of treatment as measured by increased cell index and colony formation capacity and such effect was abolished by VP13/47. Interestingly, both hemin and CORMs showed a significant effect on the wound healing assay also exhibiting cell specificity. Finally, our dataset analysis showed a positive correlation of HO-1 gene expression with ITGBI and ITGBII which are membrane receptors involved in cell adhesion, embryogenesis, tissue repair, immune response and metastatic diffusion of tumour cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that HO-1 and its by-product CO exhibit a cell-specific effect on various aspects of disease progression and are associated with a complex series of molecular mechanisms driving cell proliferation, survival and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Castruccio Castracani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Longhitano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Corona
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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13
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Hu K, Zhu Z, Mathahs MM, Tran H, Bommer J, Testa CA, Schmidt WN. Metalloprotoporphyrin Inhibition of HCV NS3-4A Protease: Structure-Activity Relationships. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:757-771. [PMID: 32158194 PMCID: PMC7048954 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s201089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Antiviral actions of tetrapyrroles have been described in a number of systems. Our goal was to evaluate antagonism of the HCV NS3-4A protease by a variety of common porphyrins and characterize structure-activity relationships that may be useful for future drug design of HCV and related Flaviviruses. Methods Using fluorometric assays, common metalloprotoporphyrins (MPP) all inhibited NS3-4A protease with IC50 values in low micromolar ranges [CoPP (1.4 µM) < ZnPP = MnPP = SnPP < CuPP < FePP (6.5 µM) = protoporphyrin]. Results Lineweaver-Burk plots confirmed that MPP: NS3 inhibition was basically competitive. All tested MPPs inhibited HCV genotype 1A, 1B, 2A and 3A recombinant proteases with the same fidelity suggesting wide antagonistic capabilities. However, when the MPPs were tested in cellular incubations with HCV replicons only Zn, Fe and free-base protoporphyrin showed comparable EC50 and IC50 values suggesting that there may be critical differences in MPP uptake and intracellular availability. Meso, deutero, and isohematoporphyrin derivatives, with or without metal substitution, all showed less anti-protease and antiviral activities as compared to protoporphyrins, suggesting that the planar, vinyl side chains are important for protease active site binding. MPPs were also active against three common protease mutants (T54A, A156T, and V36M) with equivalent or better IC50 values as compared to wild type enzyme. Conclusion These findings document the versatility of MPPs as antiviral agents with an expanded sensitivity for HCV genotypes and resistance to some common viral mutations. The results also suggest that further study of MPP structure and function will be useful for the development of new antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine of the Roy G. And Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Zhaowen Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine of the Roy G. And Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Meleah M Mathahs
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine of the Roy G. And Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Huy Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine of the Roy G. And Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jerry Bommer
- Frontier Scientific, Logan, UT 84321, USA.,Echelon Biosciences Inc, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | | | - Warren N Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine of the Roy G. And Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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14
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Non-competitive heme oxygenase-1 activity inhibitor reduces non-small cell lung cancer glutathione content and regulates cell proliferation. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:1949-1964. [PMID: 32056044 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related death mainly due to its high metastatic rate. Impairment of redox homeostasis mechanisms has been previously described in NSCLC and is associated with the disease itself as well as with comorbidities such as smoking. The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of selective and non-competitive inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on cancer redox homeostasis with particular regards to glutathione (GSH) metabolism related enzymes. NSCLC cell line (A549) was treated with the HO-1 activity inhibitor VP13/47 (10 µM) and we further evaluated cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Our results showed that VP13/47 significantly reduced HO-1 expression and total HO activity thus, resulting in a significant reduction of cell viability, proliferation and increased apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Consistently with increased oxidative stress, we also showed that reduced GSH was significantly decreased and such effect was also accompanied by a significant downregulation of the enzymes involved in its biosynthesis. Taken all together our results show that selective HO-1 inhibition significantly impairs NSCLC progression and may represent a possible pharmacological strategy for new chemotherapy agents.
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15
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Duvigneau JC, Esterbauer H, Kozlov AV. Role of Heme Oxygenase as a Modulator of Heme-Mediated Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100475. [PMID: 31614577 PMCID: PMC6827082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) system is essential for heme and iron homeostasis and necessary for adaptation to cell stress. HO degrades heme to biliverdin (BV), carbon monoxide (CO) and ferrous iron. Although mostly beneficial, the HO reaction can also produce deleterious effects, predominantly attributed to excessive product formation. Underrated so far is, however, that HO may exert effects additionally via modulation of the cellular heme levels. Heme, besides being an often-quoted generator of oxidative stress, plays also an important role as a signaling molecule. Heme controls the anti-oxidative defense, circadian rhythms, activity of ion channels, glucose utilization, erythropoiesis, and macrophage function. This broad spectrum of effects depends on its interaction with proteins ranging from transcription factors to enzymes. In degrading heme, HO has the potential to exert effects also via modulation of heme-mediated pathways. In this review, we will discuss the multitude of pathways regulated by heme to enlarge the view on HO and its role in cell physiology. We will further highlight the contribution of HO to pathophysiology, which results from a dysregulated balance between heme and the degradation products formed by HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Catharina Duvigneau
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Harald Esterbauer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andrey V Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria.
- Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, Department of Human Pathology, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
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16
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Mohammad J, Singh RR, Riggle C, Haugrud B, Abdalla MY, Reindl KM. JNK inhibition blocks piperlongumine-induced cell death and transcriptional activation of heme oxygenase-1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Apoptosis 2019; 24:730-744. [PMID: 31243599 PMCID: PMC6713602 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) is an alkaloid that inhibits glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) activity, resulting in elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and cancer-selective cell death. We aimed to identify stress-associated molecular responses to PL treatment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. GSTP1 directly interacts with JNK, which is activated by oxidative stress and can lead to decreased cancer cell proliferation and cell death. Therefore, we hypothesized that JNK pathways are activated in response to PL treatment. Our results show PL causes dissociation of GSTP1 from JNK; robust JNK, c-Jun, and early ERK activation followed by suppression; increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP; and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and c-Myc in PDAC cells. Gene expression analysis revealed PL caused a > 20-fold induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which we hypothesized was a survival mechanism for PDAC cells under enhanced oxidative stress. HO-1 knockout resulted in enhanced PL-induced PDAC cell death under hypoxic conditions. Similarly, high concentrations of the HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP (10 µM), sensitized PDAC cells to PL; however, lower concentrations ZnPP (10 nM) and high or low concentrations of SnPP both protected PDAC cells from PL-induced cell death. Interestingly, the JNK inhibitor significantly blocked PL-induced PDAC cell death, Nrf-2 nuclear translocation, and HMOX-1 mRNA expression. Collectively, the results demonstrate JNK signaling contributes to PL-induced PDAC cell death, and at the same time, activates Nrf-2 transcription of HMOX-1 as a compensatory survival mechanism. These results suggest that elevating oxidative stress (using PL) while at the same time impairing antioxidant capacity (inhibiting HO-1) may be an effective therapeutic approach for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyan Mohammad
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Rahul R Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Cody Riggle
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Brandon Haugrud
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Maher Y Abdalla
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Katie M Reindl
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
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17
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Wu R, Mei X, Ye Y, Xue T, Wang J, Sun W, Lin C, Xue R, Zhang J, Xu D. Zn(II)-curcumin solid dispersion impairs hepatocellular carcinoma growth and enhances chemotherapy by modulating gut microbiota-mediated zinc homeostasis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104454. [PMID: 31526871 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Zinc(II) complexes of curcumin display moderate cytotoxicity towards cancer cells at low micromolar concentrations. However, the clinical use of zinc(II) complexes is hampered by hydrolytic insolubility and poor bioavailability and their anticancer mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the efficacy and mechanism of action of a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-k30)-based solid dispersion of Zn(II)-curcumin (ZnCM-SD) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro assays revealed ZnCM-SD not only reduced the viability of HepG2 cells and SK-HEP1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, but also potently and synergistically enhanced cell growth inhibition and cell death in response to doxorubicin by regulating cellular zinc homeostasis. ZnCM-SD was internalized into the cells via non-specific endocytosis and degraded to release curcumin and Zn2+ ions within cells. The anticancer effects also occur in vivo in animals following the oral administration of ZnCM-SD, without significantly affecting the weight of the animals. Interestingly, ZnCM-SD did not reduce tumor growth or affect zinc homeostasis in HepG2-bearing mice after gut microbiome depletion. Moreover, administration of ZnCM-SD alone or in combination with doxorubicin significantly attenuated gut dysbiosis and zinc dyshomeostasis in a rat HCC model. Notably, fecal microbiota transplantation revealed the ability of ZnCM-SD to regulate zinc homeostasis and act as a chemosensitizer for doxorubicin were dependent on the gut microbiota. The crucial role of the gut microbiota in the chemosensitizing ability of ZnCM-SD was confirmed by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Collectively, ZnCM-SD could represent a simple, well-tolerated, safe, effective therapy and function as a novel chemosensitizing agent for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihui Wu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueting Mei
- Laboratory Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yibiao Ye
- Department of Hepato-Billiary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xue
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Lin
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoxue Xue
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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A Dual Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010039. [PMID: 30583467 PMCID: PMC6337503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is known to metabolize heme into biliverdin/bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and ferrous iron, and it has been suggested to demonstrate cytoprotective effects against various stress-related conditions. HO-1 is commonly regarded as a survival molecule, exerting an important role in cancer progression and its inhibition is considered beneficial in a number of cancers. However, increasing studies have shown a dark side of HO-1, in which HO-1 acts as a critical mediator in ferroptosis induction and plays a causative factor for the progression of several diseases. Ferroptosis is a newly identified iron- and lipid peroxidation-dependent cell death. The critical role of HO-1 in heme metabolism makes it an important candidate to mediate protective or detrimental effects via ferroptosis induction. This review summarizes the current understanding on the regulatory mechanisms of HO-1 in ferroptosis. The amount of cellular iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the determinative momentum for the role of HO-1, in which excessive cellular iron and ROS tend to enforce HO-1 from a protective role to a perpetrator. Despite the dark side that is related to cell death, there is a prospective application of HO-1 to mediate ferroptosis for cancer therapy as a chemotherapeutic strategy against tumors.
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19
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Yamada Y, Uchiyama T, Ito F, Kawahara N, Ogawa K, Obayashi C, Kobayashi H. Clinical significance of M2 macrophages expressing heme oxygenase-1 in malignant transformation of ovarian endometrioma. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 215:639-643. [PMID: 30567635 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant transformation of endometriosis is a rare and still poorly understood event, but is associated with the distortion of the pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant balance. The aim of the present study was to quantify the numbers of macrophages polarized as M1 or M2 phenotypes and the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in tissue sections from patients with benign ovarian endometrioma (OE) and its malignant transformation (endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, EAOC). We performed a retrospective study at the Department of Gynecology, Nara Medical University hospital from December 2012 to March 2015. This study included 53 patients with OE (n = 33) and EAOC (n = 20), and we evaluated polarized functional status of macrophages by immunohistochemical staining of CD68, CD11c, CD163 and HO-1. The number of the M1 phenotype (CD11c+, p = 0.001) and the M2 phenotype (CD163+, p = 0.009) was significantly lower in EAOC patients than in OE patients. Analyzing the correlations between the studied markers, the expression of CD68, CD11c, and CD163 proteins significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.001). The number of M2 phenotypes expressing HO-1 was significantly decreased in the EAOC group, compared with the OE group (P < 0.001), demonstrating sustained downregulation of an antioxidant marker, HO-1, in EAOC. In conclusion, reduced number of M2 macrophages expressing HO-1 may have an important role in promoting malignant transformation of OE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Uchiyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Fuminori Ito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, 2-897-5, Shichijonishimachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Chiho Obayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Rahimi VB, Askari VR, Mousavi SH. Ellagic acid reveals promising anti-aging effects against d-galactose-induced aging on human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y: A mechanistic study. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1712-1724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, encoded by HMOX1) through degradation of pro-oxidant heme into carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous ions (Fe2+) and biliverdin, exhibits cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. All of these potentially beneficial functions of HO-1 may play an important role in tumors’ development and progression. Moreover, HO-1 is very often upregulated in tumors in comparison to healthy tissues, and its expression is further induced upon chemo-, radio- and photodynamic therapy, what results in decreased effectiveness of the treatment. Consequently, HO-1 can be proposed as a therapeutic target for anticancer treatment in many types of tumors. Nonetheless, possibilities of specific inhibition of HO-1 are strongly limited. Metalloporphyrins are widely used in in vitro studies, however, they are unselective and may exert serious side effects including an increase in HMOX1 mRNA level. On the other hand, detailed information about pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of imidazole-dioxolane derivatives, other potential inhibitors, is lacking. The genetic inhibition of HO-1 by RNA interference (RNAi) or CRISPR/Cas9 approaches provides the possibility to specifically target HO-1; however, the potential therapeutic application of those methods are distant at best. In summary, HO-1 inhibition might be the valuable anticancer approach, however, the ideal strategy for HO-1 targeting requires further studies.
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Chou YT, Hsu FF, Hu DY, Chen YC, Hsu YH, Hsu JTA, Chau LY. Identification of danthron as an isoform-specific inhibitor of HEME OXYGENASE-1/cytochrome P450 reductase interaction with anti-tumor activity. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:6. [PMID: 29361943 PMCID: PMC5781335 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes NADPH-dependent degradation of heme to liberate iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin. The interaction between HO and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), an electron donor, is essential for HO activity. HO-1 is a stress-inducible isoform whereas HO-2 is constitutively expressed. HO-1 induction is commonly seen in cancers and impacts disease progression, supporting the possibility of targeting HO-1 for cancer therapy. Methods We employed a cell-based bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assay to screen compounds with ability to inhibit HO-1/CPR interaction. The effect of the identified compound on HO-1/CPR interaction was confirmed by pull down assay. Moreover, the anti-tumorigenic activity of the identified compound on HO-1-enhanced tumor growth and migration was assessed by trypan blue exclusion method and wound healing assay. Results Danthron was identified as an effective small molecule able to interfere with the interaction between HO-1 and CPR but not HO-2 and CPR. Additional experiments with structural analogues of danthron revealed that the positions of hydroxyl moieties significantly affected the potency of inhibition on HO-1/CPR interaction. Pull-down assay confirmed that danthron inhibited the interaction of CPR with HO-1 but not HO-2. Danthron suppressed growth and migration of HeLa cells with stable HO-1 overexpression but not mock cells. In contrast, anthrarufin, a structural analog with no ability to interfere HO-1/CPR interaction, exhibited no significant effect on HO-1-overexpressing HeLa cells. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that danthron is an isoform-specific inhibitor for HO-1/CPR interaction and may serve as a lead compound for novel anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tai Chou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No.128, Sec. II, Academy Rd. Taipei 115, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Fei Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No.128, Sec. II, Academy Rd. Taipei 115, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dun-Yao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No.128, Sec. II, Academy Rd. Taipei 115, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Life Science Research Center, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hao Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Life Science Research Center, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - John T-A Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Young Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No.128, Sec. II, Academy Rd. Taipei 115, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhao Z, Xu Y, Lu J, Xue J, Liu P. High expression of HO-1 predicts poor prognosis of ovarian cancer patients and promotes proliferation and aggressiveness of ovarian cancer cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:491-499. [PMID: 28808929 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE HO-1 has been proved to be associated with tumor aggressivity and poor prognosis in various cancers. Our study provides the first study to demonstrate the relationship of HO-1 expression and clinical characteristics in ovarian cancer patients. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to examine the expression of HO-1 in tissue species and fresh tissues. CCK-8 was used to investigate cell viability. Transwell chamber was performed to estimate migration and invasion capacities in A2780 and Skov-3 cells. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that the expression of HO-1 was higher in ovarian cancer tissues than normal ovarian tissues. High expression of HO-1 was significantly associated with serous ovarian cancer, high FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, and non-optimal debulking. Patients with high expression of HO-1 exhibited an unfavorable prognosis. In vitro inducing the expression of HO-1 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of A2780 and Skov-3 cells, with the increased expressions of mesenchymal marker (Vimentin), epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated transcript factor (Zeb-1), anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), and the decreased expressions of epithelial marker (Keratin) and pro-apoptotic protein (Bax). Meanwhile, after incubating A2780 and Skov-3 together with HO-1 inhibitor, above results could be reversed. CONCLUSION HO-1 might be a potential marker for prediction of ovarian cancer prognosis and a target for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - J Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - J Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - P Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Mechanisms of Fumaric Acid Esters and Their Role in Neuroprotection against 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Experimental Parkinson's-Like Disease. J Neurosci 2017; 36:6332-51. [PMID: 27277809 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0426-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A promising approach to neurotherapeutics involves activating the nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element signaling, which regulates expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective genes. Tecfidera, a putative Nrf2 activator, is an oral formulation of dimethylfumarate (DMF) used to treat multiple sclerosis. We compared the effects of DMF and its bioactive metabolite monomethylfumarate (MMF) on Nrf2 signaling and their ability to block 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced experimental Parkinson's disease (PD). We show that in vitro DMF and MMF activate the Nrf2 pathway via S-alkylation of the Nrf2 inhibitor Keap1 and by causing nuclear exit of the Nrf2 repressor Bach1. Nrf2 activation by DMF but not MMF was associated with depletion of glutathione, decreased cell viability, and inhibition of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and glycolysis rates in a dose-dependent manner, whereas MMF increased these activities in vitro However, both DMF and MMF upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis in vitro in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Despite the in vitro differences, both DMF and MMF exerted similar neuroprotective effects and blocked MPTP neurotoxicity in wild-type but not in Nrf2 null mice. Our data suggest that DMF and MMF exhibit neuroprotective effects against MPTP neurotoxicity because of their distinct Nrf2-mediated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial functional/biogenetic effects, but MMF does so without depleting glutathione and inhibiting mitochondrial and glycolytic functions. Given that oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are all implicated in PD pathogenesis, our results provide preclinical evidence for the development of MMF rather than DMF as a novel PD therapeutic. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Almost two centuries since its first description by James Parkinson, Parkinson's disease (PD) remains an incurable disease with limited symptomatic treatment. The current study provides preclinical evidence that a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, dimethylfumarate (DMF), and its metabolite monomethylfumarate (MMF) can block nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of PD. We elucidated mechanisms by which DMF and its active metabolite MMF activates the redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to upregulate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial biosynthetic and cytoprotective genes to render neuroprotection via distinct S-alkylating properties and depletion of glutathione. Our data suggest that targeting Nrf2-mediated gene transcription using MMF rather than DMF is a promising approach to block oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction for therapeutic intervention in PD while minimizing side effects.
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25
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Nitti M, Piras S, Marinari UM, Moretta L, Pronzato MA, Furfaro AL. HO-1 Induction in Cancer Progression: A Matter of Cell Adaptation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020029. [PMID: 28475131 PMCID: PMC5488009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is one of the most important mechanisms of cell adaptation to stress. Indeed, the redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 is the pivotal regulator of HO-1 induction. Through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antinflammatory properties of its metabolic products, HO-1 plays a key role in healthy cells in maintaining redox homeostasis and in preventing carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, several lines of evidence have highlighted the role of HO-1 in cancer progression and its expression correlates with tumor growth, aggressiveness, metastatic and angiogenetic potential, resistance to therapy, tumor escape, and poor prognosis, even though a tumor- and tissue-specific activity has been observed. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the pro-tumorigenic role of HO-1 dependent tumor progression as a promising target in anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Piras
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Umberto M Marinari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy.
| | - Maria A Pronzato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L. B. Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy.
| | - Anna Lisa Furfaro
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, IRCCS, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy.
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Costello LC, Franklin RB. Decreased zinc in the development and progression of malignancy: an important common relationship and potential for prevention and treatment of carcinomas. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:51-66. [PMID: 27885880 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1265506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Efficacious chemotherapy does not exist for treatment or prevention of prostate, liver, and pancreatic carcinomas, and some other cancers that exhibit decreased zinc in malignancy. Zinc treatment offers a potential solution; but its support has been deterred by adverse bias. Areas covered: 1. The clinical and experimental evidence for the common ZIP transporter/Zn down regulation in these cancers. 2. The evidence for a zinc approach to prevent and/or treat these carcinomas. 3. The issues that introduce bias against support for the zinc approach. Expert opinion: ZIP/Zn downregulation is a clinically established common event in prostate, hepatocellular and pancreatic cancers. 2. Compelling evidence supports the plausibility that a zinc treatment regimen will prevent development of malignancy and termination of progressing malignancy in these cancers; and likely other carcinomas that exhibit decreased zinc. 3. Scientifically-unfounded issues that oppose this ZIP/Zn relationship have introduced bias against support for research and funding of a zinc treatment approach. 4. The clinically-established and supporting experimental evidence provide the scientific credibility that should dictate the support for research and funding of a zinc approach for the treatment and possible prevention of these cancers. 5. This is in the best interest of the medical community and the public-at-large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Costello
- a Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences , School of Dentistry; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Renty B Franklin
- a Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences , School of Dentistry; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland , Baltimore , MD , USA
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García-Varela R, Fajardo Ramírez OR, Serna-Saldivar SO, Altamirano J, Cardineau GA. Cancer cell specific cytotoxic effect of Rhoeo discolor extracts and solvent fractions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 190:46-58. [PMID: 27235722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional or folk medicine has led to the discovery of important bioactive substances used in several health-related areas. Phytochemicals in Rhoeo discolor (R. discolor) extracts have proven to have important cancer cell specific cytotoxic activity. In the present research, we determined the cytotoxic effect of extracts of R. discolor, a plant commonly used in Mexico for both medicinal and ornamental purposes. AIM OF THE STUDY We evaluated the cytotoxic effects against three representative human cancer cell lines: HT-29 colon cancer, Hep-G2 liver cancer and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines, as well as a control fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten different crude extracts were tested along with fractions derived from the five most bioactive crude extracts. Analytical data, HPLC-MS-TOF, revealed a high content of phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins, ferulic, vanillic, chlorogenic and p-coumaric acid in the extracts. Phenolic compounds have previously been reported as health beneficial with antioxidant and potential cancer specific cytotoxic effects. RESULTS Studies revealed that low concentrations of these crude bioactive extracts (10µg/ml) and their fractions (50µg/ml) were effective as cancer specific cytotoxic agents, since they caused a significant proliferation inhibition on cancer cell lines (up to 94.2% in HT-29, 92.9% in Hep-G2 and 61.8% in PC-3 of apoptosis induction) with little harm to the control cell line (no higher than 28.3% apoptosis induction), and, importantly, the most effective extracts were mainly water, methanol and ethanol based. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a diet containing these compounds may function as a medical aid or chemoprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca García-Varela
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL, México; Centro de Agrobiotecnología, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Oscar Raúl Fajardo Ramírez
- Centro de Innovación y Transferida en Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Morones Prieto No. 3000 Pte., Col. Los Doctores, C.P. 64710 Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Sergio O Serna-Saldivar
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL, México; Instituto de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Batallón San Patricio 112 Col. Valle de San Agustín CP 66278, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México
| | - Julio Altamirano
- Instituto de Cardiología y Medicina Vascular, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Batallón San Patricio 112 Col. Valle de San Agustín CP 66278, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México
| | - Guy A Cardineau
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL, México; Centro de Agrobiotecnología, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL, México.
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Cheng CC, Guan SS, Yang HJ, Chang CC, Luo TY, Chang J, Ho AS. Blocking heme oxygenase-1 by zinc protoporphyrin reduces tumor hypoxia-mediated VEGF release and inhibits tumor angiogenesis as a potential therapeutic agent against colorectal cancer. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:18. [PMID: 26822586 PMCID: PMC4730655 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia in tumor niche is one of important factors to start regeneration of blood vessels, leading to increase survival, proliferation, and invasion in cancer cells. Under hypoxia microenvironment, furthermore, steadily increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is observed, and can increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and promote angiogenesis. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), a heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitor, is potential to inhibit tumor proliferation and progression. However, the mechanism of ZnPP in inhibition of tumor is not completely clear. We hypothesize that ZnPP may modulate HIF-1α through inhibiting HO-1, and then inhibit angiogenesis and tumor progression. This study aimed to dissect the mechanism of ZnPP in tumor suppression. Results We observed the amount of VEGF was increased in the sera of the colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (n = 34, p < 0.05). Furthermore, increased VEGF expression was also measured in colorectal cancer cells, HCT-15, culturing under mimicking hypoxic condition. It suggested that hypoxia induced VEGF production from cancer cells. VEGF production was significantly reduced from HCT-15 cells after exposure to HIF-1α inhibitor KC7F2, suggesting that HIF-1α regulated VEGF production. Moreover, we observed that the HO-1inhibitor ZnPP inhibited the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF coupled with cell proliferations of HCT-15 cells, suggesting that ZnPP blocked HIF-1α expression, and then inhibited the consequent VEGF production. In the xenograft model, we also observed that the animals exposed to ZnPP displayed much smaller tumor nodules and less degree of angiogenesis with decreased expression of the angiogenesis marker, αvβ3 integrin, compared to that in normal control. Conclusions This study demonstrated that VEGF level in serum was elevated in the patients with CRC. The HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP, possessed the properties of anti-tumor agent by decreasing HIF-1α levels, blocking VEGF production, impairing tumor angiogenesis, and inhibiting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chia Cheng
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Syun Guan
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jhih Yang
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yueh Luo
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ai-Sheng Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Nursing Department, Kang-Ning University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing oxidative degradation of cellular heme to liberate free iron, carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin in mammalian cells. In addition to its primary role in heme catabolism, HO-1 exhibits anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions via the actions of biliverdin and CO, respectively. HO-1 is highly induced in various disease states, including cancer. Several lines of evidence have supported the implication of HO-1 in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. HO-1 deficiency in normal cells enhances DNA damage and carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, HO-1 overexpression in cancer cells promotes proliferation and survival. Moreover, HO-1 induces angiogenesis through modulating expression of angiogenic factors. Although HO-1 is an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein, HO-1 nuclear localization is evident in tumor cells of cancer tissues. It has been shown that HO-1 is susceptible to proteolytic cleavage and translocates to nucleus to facilitate tumor growth and invasion independent of its enzymatic activity. HO-1 also impacts cancer progression through modulating tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the current understanding of the protumorigenic role of HO-1 and its potential as a molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Young Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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30
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Lin X, Fang Q, Chen S, Zhe N, Chai Q, Yu M, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang J. Heme oxygenase-1 suppresses the apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells via the JNK/c-JUN signaling pathway. Leuk Res 2015; 39:544-52. [PMID: 25828744 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are few studies on the correlation between heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that HO-1 was aberrantly overexpressed in the majority of AML patients, especially in patients with acute monocytic leukemia (M5) and leukocytosis, and inhibited the apoptosis of HL-60 and U937 cells. Moreover, silencing HO-1 prolonged the survival of xenograft mouse models. Further studies demonstrated that HO-1 suppressed the apoptosis of AML cells through activating the JNK/c-JUN signaling pathway. These data indicate a molecular role of HO-1 in inhibiting cell apoptosis, allowing it to be a potential target for treating AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lin
- Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shuya Chen
- Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Nana Zhe
- Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qixiang Chai
- Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Meisheng Yu
- Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yaming Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jishi Wang
- Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Guiyang 550004, China.
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