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Yan X, Liu H, Huang M, Zhang Y, Zeng B. Integrative proteomics and metabolomics explore the effect and mechanism of Qiyin granules on improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27075. [PMID: 38444462 PMCID: PMC10912341 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a prominent global health concern, representing a substantial burden within the spectrum of chronic liver diseases. Despite its escalating prevalence, a definitive therapeutic strategy or efficacious pharmacological intervention for NAFLD has yet to receive official approval to date. While Fu Fang Qiyin granules have exhibited efficacy in addressing NAFLD, the intricacies of their underlying mechanism of action remain inadequately elucidated. In this study, we substantiated the ameliorative impact of Qiyin on highfat diet (HFD)induced NAFLD in rat models. The results of metabonomics showed that 108 potential biomarkers in serum and urine related to amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism, have returned to normal levels compared to the model group. Hepatic transcriptomics further indicated that Qiyin potentially confers protective effects against NAFLD by mediating liver inflammation and fibrosis through lumican (LUM) and decorin (DCN). In summation, our investigation provides compelling evidence affirming the therapeutic promise of Qiyin for NAFLD. It elucidates the underlying mechanistic pathways, furnishing a compelling rationale for its prospective clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Binfang Zeng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, People's Republic of China
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Jiménez-Franco A, Castañé H, Martínez-Navidad C, Placed-Gallego C, Hernández-Aguilera A, Fernández-Arroyo S, Samarra I, Canela-Capdevila M, Arenas M, Zorzano A, Hernández-Alvarez MI, Castillo DD, Paris M, Menendez JA, Camps J, Joven J. Metabolic adaptations in severe obesity: Insights from circulating oxylipins before and after weight loss. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:246-258. [PMID: 38101315 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between lipid mediators and severe obesity remains unclear. Our study investigates the impact of severe obesity on plasma concentrations of oxylipins and fatty acids and explores the consequences of weight loss. METHODS In the clinical trial identifier NCT05554224 study, 116 patients with severe obesity and 63 overweight/obese healthy controls matched for age and sex (≈2:1) provided plasma. To assess the effect of surgically induced weight loss, we requested paired plasma samples from 44 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy one year after the procedure. Oxylipins were measured using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer via semi-targeted lipidomics. Cytokines and markers of interorgan crosstalk were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS We observed significantly elevated levels of circulating fatty acids and oxylipins in patients with severe obesity compared to their metabolically healthier overweight/obese counterparts. Our findings indicated that sex and liver disease were not confounding factors, but we observed weak correlations in plasma with circulating adipokines, suggesting the influence of adipose tissue. Importantly, while weight loss restored the balance in circulating fatty acids, it did not fully normalize the oxylipin profile. Before surgery, oxylipins derived from lipoxygenase activity, such as 12-HETE, 11-HDoHE, 14-HDoHE, and 12-HEPE, were predominant. However, one year following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, we observed a complex shift in the oxylipin profile, favoring species from the cyclooxygenase pathway, particularly proinflammatory prostanoids like TXB2, PGE2, PGD2, and 12-HHTrE. This transformation appears to be linked to a reduction in adiposity, underscoring the role of lipid turnover in the development of metabolic disorders associated with severe obesity. CONCLUSIONS Despite the reduction in fatty acid levels associated with weight loss, the oxylipin profile shifts towards a predominance of more proinflammatory species. These observations underscore the significance of seeking mechanistic approaches to address severe obesity and emphasize the importance of closely monitoring the metabolic adaptations after weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Jiménez-Franco
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Helena Castañé
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristian Martínez-Navidad
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristina Placed-Gallego
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | | | - Iris Samarra
- Center for Omics Sciences, EURECAT-Technology Center of Catalonia, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Canela-Capdevila
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Meritxell Arenas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - María Isabel Hernández-Alvarez
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Castillo
- Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili. Avinguda, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Paris
- Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili. Avinguda, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain; Girona Biomedical Research Institute, Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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Camps J, Iftimie S, Arenas M, Castañé H, Jiménez-Franco A, Castro A, Joven J. Paraoxonase-1: How a xenobiotic detoxifying enzyme has become an actor in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 380:110553. [PMID: 37201624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Both infectious and non-infectious diseases can share common molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress and inflammation. External factors, such as bacterial or viral infections, excessive calorie intake, inadequate nutrients, or environmental factors, can cause metabolic disorders, resulting in an imbalance between free radical production and natural antioxidant systems. These factors may lead to the production of free radicals that can oxidize lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, causing metabolic alterations that influence the pathogenesis of the disease. The relationship between oxidation and inflammation is crucial, as they both contribute to the development of cellular pathology. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a vital enzyme in regulating these processes. PON1 is an enzyme that is bound to high-density lipoproteins and protects the organism against oxidative stress and toxic substances. It breaks down lipid peroxides in lipoproteins and cells, enhances the protection of high-density lipoproteins against different infectious agents, and is a critical component of the innate immune system. Impaired PON1 function can affect cellular homeostasis pathways and cause metabolically driven chronic inflammatory states. Therefore, understanding these relationships can help to improve treatments and identify new therapeutic targets. This review also examines the advantages and disadvantages of measuring serum PON1 levels in clinical settings, providing insight into the potential clinical use of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meritxell Arenas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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Foguet-Romero E, Samarra I, Guirro M, Riu M, Joven J, Menendez JA, Canela N, DelPino-Rius A, Fernández-Arroyo S, Herrero P. Optimization of a GC-MS Injection-Port Derivatization Methodology to Enhance Metabolomics Analysis Throughput in Biological Samples. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2555-2565. [PMID: 36180971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Advances in metabolomics analysis and data treatment increase the knowledge of complex biological systems. One of the most used methodologies is gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) due to its robustness, high separation efficiency, and reliable peak identification through curated databases. However, methodologies are not standardized, and the derivatization steps in GC-MS can introduce experimental errors and take considerable time, exposing the samples to degradation. Here, we propose the injection-port derivatization (IPD) methodology to increase the throughput in plasma metabolomics analysis by GC-MS. The IPD method was evaluated and optimized for different families of metabolites (organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, sugars, sugar phosphates, etc.) in terms of residence time, injection-port temperature, and sample/derivatization reagent ratio. Finally, the method's usefulness was validated in a study consisting of a cohort of obese patients with or without nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Our results show a fast, reproducible, precise, and reliable method for the analysis of biological samples by GC-MS. Raw data are publicly available at MetaboLights with Study Identifier MTBLS5151.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Foguet-Romero
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Iris Samarra
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Guirro
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc Riu
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain.,Institut d'investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdIBGi), Salt, 17190 Girona, Spain.,Metabolism & Cancer Group, ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Canela
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni DelPino-Rius
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pol Herrero
- Centre for Omic Sciences (Joint Unit Eurecat─Universitat Rovira i Virgili), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Avda. De la Universitat, 1, 43204 Reus, Tarragona, Spain
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Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Severe Obesity Restores Adaptive Responses Leading to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147830. [PMID: 35887177 PMCID: PMC9320342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The surgically induced remission of liver disease represents a model to investigate the signalling processes that trigger the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with the aim of identifying novel therapeutic targets. We recruited patients with severe obesity with or without nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and obtained liver and plasma samples before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for immunoblotting, immunocytochemical, metabolomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses. Functional studies were performed in HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes. Surgery was associated with a decrease in the inflammatory response and revealed the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis was associated with an increased glutaminolysis-induced production of α-ketoglutarate and the hyperactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. These changes were crucial for adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin-driven pathways that modulated hepatocyte survival by coordinating apoptosis and autophagy and affected methylation-related epigenomic remodelling enzymes. Hepatic transcriptome signatures and differentially methylated genomic regions distinguished patients with and without steatohepatitis. Our results suggest that the increased glutaminolysis-induced α-ketoglutarate production and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 dysregulation play a crucial role in the inefficient adaptive responses leading to steatohepatitis in obesity.
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Neu C, Skitek K, Kissler H, Baumbach P, Settmacher U, Esper Treml R, Coldewey SM. Body composition, mitochondrial oxygen metabolism and metabolome of patients with obesity before and after bariatric surgery (COMMITMENT): protocol for a monocentric prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062592. [PMID: 35925679 PMCID: PMC9171273 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity, defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, is one of the most prevalent health conditions worldwide. It is part of the metabolic syndrome, which encompasses arterial hypertension, dyslipoproteinaemia and diabetes. Obesity is viewed as a systemic disease with pathophysiological mechanisms on the molecular level. Dysfunction of the mitochondrion and systemic low-grade inflammation are among the proposed causes for the metabolic changes. In severe cases of obesity, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, a bariatric operation, can achieve the desired weight loss and has been associated with clinical outcome improvement. Hitherto, the influence of patients' body composition on mitochondrial function and concomitant metabolic changes has not been fully understood. This study aims to quantify the patient's body composition before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and to correlate these findings with changes in mitochondrial oxygen metabolism, metabolome and immune status. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this prospective monocentric cohort study, patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (n=30) at Jena University Hospital (Germany) will be assessed before surgery and at four time points during a 1-year follow-up. Body composition will be measured by bioimpedance analysis. Non-invasive assessment of mitochondrial oxygen metabolism using protoporphyrin IX-triplet state lifetime technique (PPIX-TSLT) and blood sampling for, among other, metabolomic and immunological analysis, will be performed. The primary outcome is the difference in relative fat mass between the preoperative time point and 6 months postoperatively. Further outcomes comprise longitudinal changes of PPIX-TSLT and metabolic and immunological variables. Outcomes will be assessed using paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and regression analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Friedrich Schiller University Jena (2018-1192-BO). Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients prior to enrolment in the study. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at appropriate conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER DRKS00015891.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Neu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Septomics Research Centre, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kornel Skitek
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Septomics Research Centre, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Hermann Kissler
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp Baumbach
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Septomics Research Centre, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Utz Settmacher
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ricardo Esper Treml
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Septomics Research Centre, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sina M Coldewey
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Septomics Research Centre, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Centre for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Lee G, Park YS, Cho C, Lee H, Park J, Park DJ, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Ha TK, Kim YJ, Ryu SW, Han SM, Yoo MW, Park S, Han SU, Heo Y, Jung BH. Short-term changes in the serum metabolome after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Metabolomics 2021; 17:71. [PMID: 34355282 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01826-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bariatric surgery is known to be the most effective treatment for weight loss in obese patients and for the rapid remission of obesity-related comorbidities. These short-term improvements result from not only limited digestion or absorption but also dynamic changes in metabolism throughout the whole body. However, short-term metabolism studies associated with bariatric surgery in Asian individuals have not been reported. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term metabolome changes in the serum promoted by laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and to determine the underlying mechanisms that affect obesity-related comorbidities. METHODS Serum samples were collected from Korean patients who underwent RYGB or SG before and 4 weeks after the surgery. Metabolomic and lipidomic profiling was performed using UPLC-Orbitrap-MS, and data were analyzed using statistical analysis. RESULTS Metabolites mainly related to amino acids, lipids (fatty acids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, glycerolipids) and bile acids changed after surgery, and these changes were associated with the lowering of risk factors for obesity-related diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerosis. Interestingly, the number of significantly altered metabolites related to the lipid metabolism were greater in SG than in RYGB. Furthermore, the metabolites related to amino acid metabolism were significantly changed only after SG, whereas bile acid changed significantly only following RYGB. CONCLUSION These differences could result from anatomical differences between the two surgeries and could be related to the gut microbiota. This study provides crucial information to expand the knowledge of the common but different molecular mechanisms involved in obesity and obesity-related comorbidities affected by each bariatric procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gakyung Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST-School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamlee Cho
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeom Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Joong Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Joon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Ha
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, H+ Yangji Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Wan Ryu
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Moon Han
- Department of Surgery, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Cheil General Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Won Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Park
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Heo
- Department of Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hwa Jung
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST-School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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On the Role of Paraoxonase-1 and Chemokine Ligand 2 (C-C motif) in Metabolic Alterations Linked to Inflammation and Disease. A 2021 Update. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070971. [PMID: 34356595 PMCID: PMC8301931 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious and many non-infectious diseases share common molecular mechanisms. Among them, oxidative stress and the subsequent inflammatory reaction are of particular note. Metabolic disorders induced by external agents, be they bacterial or viral pathogens, excessive calorie intake, poor-quality nutrients, or environmental factors produce an imbalance between the production of free radicals and endogenous antioxidant systems; the consequence being the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Oxidation and inflammation are closely related, and whether oxidative stress and inflammation represent the causes or consequences of cellular pathology, both produce metabolic alterations that influence the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we highlight two key molecules in the regulation of these processes: Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). PON1 is an enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins. It breaks down lipid peroxides in lipoproteins and cells, participates in the protection conferred by HDL against different infectious agents, and is considered part of the innate immune system. With PON1 deficiency, CCL2 production increases, inducing migration and infiltration of immune cells in target tissues and disturbing normal metabolic function. This disruption involves pathways controlling cellular homeostasis as well as metabolically-driven chronic inflammatory states. Hence, an understanding of these relationships would help improve treatments and, as well, identify new therapeutic targets.
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Cabré N, Luciano-Mateo F, Chapski DJ, Baiges-Gaya G, Fernández-Arroyo S, Hernández-Aguilera A, Castañé H, Rodríguez-Tomàs E, París M, Sabench F, Del Castillo D, Del Bas JM, Tomé M, Bodineau C, Sola-García A, López-Miranda J, Martín-Montalvo A, Durán RV, Vondriska TM, Rosa-Garrido M, Camps J, Menéndez JA, Joven J. Glutaminolysis-induced mTORC1 activation drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression. J Hepatol 2021:S0168-8278(21)00302-0. [PMID: 33961941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS A holistic insight on the relationship between obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is an unmet clinical need. Omics investigations can be used to investigate the multifaceted role of altered mitochondrial pathways to promote nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a major risk factor for liver disease-associated death. There are no specific treatments but remission via surgery might offer an opportunity to examine the signaling processes that govern the complex spectrum of chronic liver diseases observed in extreme obesity. We aim to assess the emerging relationship between metabolism, methylation and liver disease. METHODS We tailed the flow of information, before and after steatohepatitis remission, from biochemical, histological, and multi-omics analyses in liver biopsies from patients with extreme obesity and successful bariatric surgery. Functional studies were performed in HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes. RESULTS The reversal of hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and the control of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses revealed the regulatory role of mitogen-activated protein kinases. The reversible metabolic rearrangements leading to steatohepatitis increased the glutaminolysis-induced production of α-ketoglutarate and the hyperactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. These changes were crucial for the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin-driven pathways that modulated hepatocyte survival by coordinating apoptosis and autophagy. The signaling activity of α-ketoglutarate and the associated metabolites also affected methylation-related epigenomic remodeling enzymes. Integrative analysis of hepatic transcriptome signatures and differentially methylated genomic regions distinguished patients with and without steatohepatitis. CONCLUSION We provide evidence supporting the multifaceted potential of the increased glutaminolysis-induced α-ketoglutarate production and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 dysregulation as a conceivable source of the inefficient adaptive responses leading to steatohepatitis. LAY SUMMARY Steatohepatitis is a frequent and threatening complication of extreme obesity without specific treatment. Omics technologies can be used to identify therapeutic targets. We highlight increased glutaminolysis-induced α-ketoglutarate production as a potential source of signals promoting and exacerbating steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Cabré
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Fedra Luciano-Mateo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Douglas J Chapski
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, US
| | - Gerard Baiges-Gaya
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Helena Castañé
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta París
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Reus, Spain
| | - Mercedes Tomé
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Clément Bodineau
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, INSERM U1218, Université de Bordeaux, 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Alejandro Sola-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital. University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Montalvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raúl V Durán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Avda. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, INSERM U1218, Université de Bordeaux, 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Thomas M Vondriska
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, US
| | - Manuel Rosa-Garrido
- Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, US
| | - Jordi Camps
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Javier A Menéndez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group , Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona , Spain; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Reus, Spain; Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain.
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10
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Coupling Machine Learning and Lipidomics as a Tool to Investigate Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. A General Overview. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030473. [PMID: 33810079 PMCID: PMC8004861 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic biopsy is the gold standard for staging nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Unfortunately, accessing the liver is invasive, requires a multidisciplinary team and is too expensive to be conducted on large segments of the population. NAFLD starts quietly and can progress until liver damage is irreversible. Given this complex situation, the search for noninvasive alternatives is clinically important. A hallmark of NAFLD progression is the dysregulation in lipid metabolism. In this context, recent advances in the area of machine learning have increased the interest in evaluating whether multi-omics data analysis performed on peripheral blood can enhance human interpretation. In the present review, we show how the use of machine learning can identify sets of lipids as predictive biomarkers of NAFLD progression. This approach could potentially help clinicians to improve the diagnosis accuracy and predict the future risk of the disease. While NAFLD has no effective treatment yet, the key to slowing the progression of the disease may lie in predictive robust biomarkers. Hence, to detect this disease as soon as possible, the use of computational science can help us to make a more accurate and reliable diagnosis. We aimed to provide a general overview for all readers interested in implementing these methods.
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11
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Masarone M, Troisi J, Aglitti A, Torre P, Colucci A, Dallio M, Federico A, Balsano C, Persico M. Untargeted metabolomics as a diagnostic tool in NAFLD: discrimination of steatosis, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Metabolomics 2021; 17:12. [PMID: 33458794 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease encompasses a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (or NASH), up to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The challenge is to recognize the more severe and/or progressive pathology. A reliable non-invasive method does not exist. Untargeted metabolomics is a novel method to discover biomarkers and give insights on diseases pathophysiology. OBJECTIVES We applied metabolomics to understand if simple steatosis, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis in NAFLD patients have peculiar metabolites profiles that can differentiate them among each-others and from controls. METHODS Metabolomics signatures were obtained from 307 subjects from two separated enrollments. The first collected samples from 69 controls and 144 patients (78 steatosis, 23 NASH, 15 NASH-cirrhosis, 8 HCV-cirrhosis, 20 cryptogenic cirrhosis). The second, used as validation-set, enrolled 44 controls and 50 patients (34 steatosis, 10 NASH and 6 NASH-cirrhosis).The "Partial-Least-Square Discriminant-Analysis"(PLS-DA) was used to reveal class separation in metabolomics profiles between patients and controls and among each class of patients, and to reveal the metabolites contributing to class differentiation. RESULTS Several metabolites were selected as relevant, in particular:Glycocholic acid, Taurocholic acid, Phenylalanine, branched-chain amino-acids increased at the increase of the severity of the disease from steatosis to NASH, NASH-cirrhosis, while glutathione decreased (p < 0.001 for each). Moreover, an ensemble machine learning (EML) model was built (comprehending 10 different mathematical models) to verify diagnostic performance, showing an accuracy > 80% in NAFLD clinical stages prediction. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics profiles of NAFLD patients could be a useful tool to non-invasively diagnose NAFLD and discriminate among the various stages of the disease, giving insights into its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Masarone
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Jacopo Troisi
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Theoreo srl, Via degli Ulivi 3, 84090, Montecorvino Pugliano, SA, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Via S. de Renzi, 3, 84125, Salerno, SA, Italy
- Hosmotic srl, Via R. Bosco 178, 80069, Vico Equense, NA, Italy
| | - Andrea Aglitti
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Pietro Torre
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Angelo Colucci
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Theoreo srl, Via degli Ulivi 3, 84090, Montecorvino Pugliano, SA, Italy
| | - Marcello Dallio
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via S Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via S Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Clara Balsano
- MESVA Department, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy
- F. Balsano Foundation, Via Giovanni Battista Martini 6, 00198, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Persico
- Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081, Baronissi, SA, Italy.
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12
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Mal TK, Tian Y, Patterson AD. Sample Preparation and Data Analysis for NMR-Based Metabolomics. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2194:301-313. [PMID: 32926373 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0849-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy has become one of the preferred analytical techniques for metabolomics studies due to its inherent nondestructive nature, ability to identify and quantify metabolites simultaneously in a complex mixture, minimal sample preparation requirement, and high degree of experimental reproducibility. NMR-based metabolomics studies involve the measurement and multivariate statistical analysis of metabolites present in biological samples such as biofluids, stool/feces, intestinal content, tissue, and cell extracts by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy-the goal then is to identify and quantify metabolites and evaluate changes of metabolite concentrations in response to some perturbation. Here we describe methodologies for NMR sample preparation of biofluids (serum, saliva, and urine) and stool/feces, intestinal content, and tissues for NMR experiments including extraction of polar metabolites and application of NMR in metabolomics studies. One dimensional (1D) 1H NMR experiments with different variations such as pre-saturation, relaxation-edited, and diffusion-edited are routinely acquired for profiling and metabolite identification and quantification. 2D homonuclear 1H-1H TOCSY and COSY, 2D J-resolved, and heteronuclear 1H-13C HSQC and HMBC are also performed to assist with metabolite identification and quantification. The NMR data are then subjected to targeted and/or untargeted multivariate statistical analysis for biomarker discovery, clinical diagnosis, toxicological studies, molecular phenotyping, and functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas K Mal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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13
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Li S, Zhang Y, Liu N, Chen J, Guo L, Dai Z, Wang C, Wu Z, Wu G. Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces lipid accretion by regulating fatty acid metabolism in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:82. [PMID: 32817790 PMCID: PMC7427058 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive white fat accumulation in humans and other animals is associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. It is unknown whether dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces lipid deposition in high fat diet-fed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). RESULTS In the present study, we found that dietary supplementation with 1% or 2% arginine decreased the deposition and concentration of fats in the liver; the concentrations of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein in the serum; and the diameter of adipocytes in intraperitoneal adipose tissue. Compared with the un-supplementation control group, the hepatic activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, and hepatic concentration of malondialdehyde were reduced but these for catalase and superoxide dismutase were enhanced by dietary supplementation with 2% arginine. Arginine supplementation reduced the total amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids, while increasing the total amounts of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the liver. These effects of arginine were associated with reductions in mRNA levels for genes related to lipogenesis (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and fatty acid synthase) but increases in mRNA levels for genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α). In addition, hepatic mRNA levels for Δ4 fatty acyl desaturase 2 and elongase 5 of very long-chain fatty acids were enhanced by arginine supplementation. CONCLUSION These results revealed that dietary L-arginine supplementation to tilapia reduced high fat diet-induced fat deposition and fatty acid composition in the liver by regulating the expression of genes for lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yunchang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jingqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lina Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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Mendonça Machado N, Torrinhas RS, Sala P, Ishida RK, Guarda IFMS, Moura EGHD, Sakai P, Santo MA, Linetzky Waitzberg D. Type 2 Diabetes Metabolic Improvement After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass May Include a Compensatory Mechanism That Balances Fatty Acid β and ω Oxidation. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020; 44:1417-1427. [PMID: 32654184 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than half of patients who undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can experience type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission, but the systemic and gastrointestinal (GI) metabolic mechanisms of this improvement are still elusive. METHODS Paired samples collected before and 3 months after RYGB from 28 women with obesity and T2D were analyzed by metabolomics with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Samples include plasma (n = 56) and biopsies of gastric pouch (n = 18), gastric remnant (n = 10), duodenum (n = 16), jejunum (n = 18), and ileum (n = 18), collected by double-balloon enteroscopy. RESULTS After RYGB, improvements in body composition and weight-related and glucose homeostasis parameters were observed. Plasma-enriched metabolic pathways included arginine and proline metabolism, urea and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycles, gluconeogenesis, malate-aspartate shuttle, and carnitine synthesis. In GI tissue, we observed alterations of ammonia recycling and carnitine synthesis in gastric pouch, phenylacetate metabolism and trehalose degradation in duodenum and jejunum, ketone bodies in jejunum, and lactose degradation in ileum. Intermediates molecules of the TCA cycle were enriched, particularly in plasma, jejunum, and ileum. Fluctuations of dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) were relevant in several metabolomic tests, and metabolite alterations included aminomalonate and fumaric, malic, oxalic, and succinic acids. The product/substrate relationship between these molecules and its pathways may reflect a compensatory mechanism to balance metabolism. CONCLUSIONS RYGB was associated with systemic and GI metabolic reprogramming. DCA alterations link ω and β fatty acid oxidation to homeostatic mechanisms, including TCA cycle improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Mendonça Machado
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Susana Torrinhas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Sala
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robson Kiyoshi Ishida
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ismael Francisco Mota Siqueira Guarda
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sakai
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Santo
- Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Yan K, Chen W, Zhu H, Lin G, Sun W, Liu X, Pan H, Wang L, Yang H, Liu M, Gong F. The Changes of Serum Metabolites in Diabetic GK Rats after Ileal Transposition Surgery. Obes Surg 2020; 29:882-890. [PMID: 30397878 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ileal transposition (IT) surgery could improve metabolism. Metabolomics has been applied comprehensively in analyzing the global dynamic alterations of metabolites. In the present study, we aimed to investigate serum metabolite alterations in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats after IT surgery. METHODS Male GK rats were subjected to IT and Sham-IT surgery. Six weeks later, body weight, food intake, fat mass, and serum biochemical parameters were measured. The serum metabolomic fingerprint was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based, non-targeted metabolomic approach. The differential metabolites were identified using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Metabolic pathway analysis was performed using HMDB and KEGG databases. RESULTS The body weight, food intake, fat mass, serum levels of glucose and insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of IT rats were significantly decreased when compared with Sham-IT rats (all P < 0.05). In the metabolomics analysis, ten serum differential metabolites were identified. Compared with Sham-IT rats, serum LysoPC(O-18:0) and PG(20:4/20:0) of IT rats were decreased, while genistein 4'-O-glucuronide, 5,6:8,9-Diepoxyergost-22-ene-3,7beta-diol, PI(16:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)), docosapentaenoic acid, 3-Oxo-4,6-choladienoic acid, 3-Oxocholic acid, and TG were increased. Pathway analysis highlighted the following pathways: ether lipid metabolism, alpha linolenic acid and linolenic acid metabolism, incretin synthesis and secretion, free fatty acid receptors, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS IT surgery could significantly decrease body weight and fat mass and improve glucose metabolism in diabetic GK rats. These beneficial effects might be related to the changes of serum metabolites which involved in lipid metabolism, bile acids, and incretin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guole Lin
- Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fengying Gong
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Cabré N, Luciano-Mateo F, Baiges-Gayà G, Fernández-Arroyo S, Rodríguez-Tomàs E, Hernández-Aguilera A, París M, Sabench F, Del Castillo D, López-Miranda J, Menéndez JA, Camps J, Joven J. Plasma metabolic alterations in patients with severe obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020; 51:374-387. [PMID: 31825539 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity can influence hepatic mitochondrial function, and cause non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Diagnosis and follow-up rely on invasive liver biopsy so blood-based markers are urgently required. AIM To investigate whether values of circulating metabolites from energy and one-carbon (1-C) metabolism may: (a) reflect hepatic mitochondrial flexibility failure and (b) act as NASH biomarkers. METHODS Patients with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery (n = 270) were investigated using quantitative targeted plasma metabolomics. Comparisons were with non-obese controls without liver disease (n = 50). Obese patients with NASH (n = 53) and without NASH (n = 130) representing extreme groups of liver disease were assessed to test the diagnostic ability of the measured circulating metabolites. Paired liver biopsy and plasma samples from NASH patients were available 1 year post-surgery and were evaluated to monitor metabolomic changes with liver damage resolution. RESULTS We identified correlations between human liver metabolism and obesity. High-plasma α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and lactate concentrations in NASH patients indicating citric acid cycle replenishment via glutaminolysis might also be a crucial point in NASH onset. Plasma measurements of α-KG, β-hydroxybutyrate, pyruvate and oxaloacetate reduced the uncertainty in clinical diagnosis of NASH [area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.826] and predicted NASH resolution without ambiguity (AUC of 0.999). CONCLUSION Changes in plasma mitochondrial metabolites appear to be associated with NASH. These metabolic responses may be dynamically remodelled following resolution of liver damage through massive weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Cabré
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Fedra Luciano-Mateo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Gerard Baiges-Gayà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta París
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Javier A Menéndez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
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17
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Chen Z, Newgard CB, Kim JS, IIkayeva O, Alderete TL, Thomas DC, Berhane K, Breton C, Chatzi L, Bastain TM, McConnell R, Avol E, Lurmann F, Muehlbauer MJ, Hauser ER, Gilliland FD. Near-roadway air pollution exposure and altered fatty acid oxidation among adolescents and young adults - The interplay with obesity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104935. [PMID: 31238265 PMCID: PMC6679991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution exposure has been shown to increase the risk of obesity and metabolic dysfunction in animal models and human studies. However, the metabolic pathways altered by air pollution exposure are unclear, especially in adolescents and young adults who are at a critical period in the development of cardio-metabolic diseases. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the associations between air pollution exposure and indices of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. METHODS A total of 173 young adults (18-23 years) from eight Children's Health Study (CHS) Southern California communities were examined from 2014 to 2018. Near-roadway air pollution (NRAP) exposure (freeway and non-freeway) and regional air pollution exposure (nitrogen dioxide, ozone and particulate matter) during one year before the study visit were estimated based on participants' residential addresses. Serum concentrations of 64 targeted metabolites including amino acids, acylcarnitines, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glycerol were measured in fasting serum samples. Principal component analysis of metabolites was performed to identify metabolite clusters that represent key metabolic pathways. Mixed effects models were used to analyze the associations of air pollution exposure with metabolomic principal component (PC) scores and individual metabolite concentrations adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Higher lagged one-year averaged non-freeway NRAP exposure was associated with higher concentrations of NEFA oxidation byproducts and higher NEFA-related PC score (all p's ≤ 0.038). The effect sizes were larger among obese individuals (interaction p = 0.047). Among females, higher freeway NRAP exposure was also associated with a higher NEFA-related PC score (p = 0.042). Among all participants, higher freeway NRAP exposure was associated with a lower PC score for lower concentrations of short- and median-chain acylcarnitines (p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Results of this study indicate that NRAP exposure is associated with altered fatty acid metabolism, which could contribute to the metabolic perturbation in obese youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghua Chen
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeniffer S Kim
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Olga IIkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Duncan C Thomas
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carrie Breton
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edward Avol
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael J Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Hauser
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
| | - Frank D Gilliland
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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18
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Emwas AH, Roy R, McKay RT, Tenori L, Saccenti E, Gowda GAN, Raftery D, Alahmari F, Jaremko L, Jaremko M, Wishart DS. NMR Spectroscopy for Metabolomics Research. Metabolites 2019; 9:E123. [PMID: 31252628 PMCID: PMC6680826 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has emerged as one of the three principal analytical techniques used in metabolomics (the other two being gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled with single-stage mass spectrometry (LC-MS)). The relative ease of sample preparation, the ability to quantify metabolite levels, the high level of experimental reproducibility, and the inherently nondestructive nature of NMR spectroscopy have made it the preferred platform for long-term or large-scale clinical metabolomic studies. These advantages, however, are often outweighed by the fact that most other analytical techniques, including both LC-MS and GC-MS, are inherently more sensitive than NMR, with lower limits of detection typically being 10 to 100 times better. This review is intended to introduce readers to the field of NMR-based metabolomics and to highlight both the advantages and disadvantages of NMR spectroscopy for metabolomic studies. It will also explore some of the unique strengths of NMR-based metabolomics, particularly with regard to isotope selection/detection, mixture deconvolution via 2D spectroscopy, automation, and the ability to noninvasively analyze native tissue specimens. Finally, this review will highlight a number of emerging NMR techniques and technologies that are being used to strengthen its utility and overcome its inherent limitations in metabolomic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raja Roy
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Formerly, Centre of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Ryan T McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada
| | - Leonardo Tenori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Edoardo Saccenti
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G A Nagana Gowda
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Fatimah Alahmari
- Department of NanoMedicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukasz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - David S Wishart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E8, Canada
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Uranga RM, Keller JN. The Complex Interactions Between Obesity, Metabolism and the Brain. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:513. [PMID: 31178685 PMCID: PMC6542999 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is increasing at unprecedented levels globally, and the overall impact of obesity on the various organ systems of the body is only beginning to be fully appreciated. Because of the myriad of direct and indirect effects of obesity causing dysfunction of multiple tissues and organs, it is likely that there will be heterogeneity in the presentation of obesity effects in any given population. Taken together, these realities make it increasingly difficult to understand the complex interplay between obesity effects on different organs, including the brain. The focus of this review is to provide a comprehensive view of metabolic disturbances present in obesity, their direct and indirect effects on the different organ systems of the body, and to discuss the interaction of these effects in the context of brain aging and the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina María Uranga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Jeffrey Neil Keller
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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20
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Gitto S, Schepis F, Andreone P, Villa E. Study of the Serum Metabolomic Profile in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Research and Clinical Perspectives. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8010017. [PMID: 29495258 PMCID: PMC5876006 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, metabolomics has attracted great scientific attention. The metabolomics methodology might permit a view into transitional phases between healthy liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Metabolomics can help to analyze the metabolic alterations that play a main role in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Lipid, glucose, amino acid, and bile acid metabolism should be widely studied to understand the complex pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The discovery of new biomarkers would be important for diagnosis and staging of liver disease as well as for the assessment of efficacy of new drugs. Here, we review the metabolomics data regarding nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. We analyzed the main studies regarding the application of metabolomics methodology in the complex context of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, trying to create a bridge from the basic to the clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gitto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
- Research Centre for the Study of Hepatitis, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Filippo Schepis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Pietro Andreone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna and Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
- Research Centre for the Study of Hepatitis, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Erica Villa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.
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21
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Samczuk P, Ciborowski M, Kretowski A. Application of Metabolomics to Study Effects of Bariatric Surgery. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:6270875. [PMID: 29713650 PMCID: PMC5866882 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6270875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery was born in the 1950s at the University of Minnesota. From this time, it continues to evolve and, by the same token, gives new or better possibilities to treat not only obesity but also associated comorbidities. Metabolomics is also a relatively young science discipline, and similarly, it shows great potential for the comprehensive study of the dynamic alterations of the metabolome. It has been widely used in medicine, biology studies, biomarker discovery, and prognostic evaluations. Currently, several dozen metabolomics studies were performed to study the effects of bariatric surgery. LC-MS and NMR are the most frequently used techniques to study main effects of RYGB or SG. Research has yield many interesting results involving not only clinical parameters but also molecular modulations. Detected changes pertain to amino acid, lipids, carbohydrates, or gut microbiota alterations. It proves that including bariatric surgery to metabolic surgery is warranted. However, many molecular modulations after those procedures remain unexplained. Therefore, application of metabolomics to study this field seems to be a proper solution. New findings can suggest new directions of surgery technics modifications, contribute to broadening knowledge about obesity and diseases related to it, and perhaps develop nonsurgical methods of treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Samczuk
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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22
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Santos CDS, Balbo SL, Guimarães ATB, Sagae SC, Negretti F, Grassiolli S. Life-long Maternal Cafeteria Diet Promotes Tissue-Specific Morphological Changes in Male Offspring Adult Rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2887-2900. [PMID: 29267799 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluated whether the exposure of rats to a cafeteria diet pre- and/or post-weaning, alters histological characteristics in the White Adipose Tissue (WAT), Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT), and liver of adult male offspring. Female Wistar rats were divided into Control (CTL; fed on standard rodent chow) and Cafeteria (CAF; fed with the cafeteria diet throughout life, including pregnancy and lactation). After birth, only male offspring (F1) were maintained and received the CTL or CAF diets; originating four experimental groups: CTL-CTLF1; CTL-CAFF1; CAF-CTLF1; CAF-CAFF1. Data of biometrics, metabolic parameters, liver, BAT and WAT histology were assessed and integrated using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). According to PCA analysis worse metabolic and biometric characteristics in adulthood are associated with the post-weaning CAF diet compared to pre and post weaning CAF diet. Thus, the CTL-CAFF1 group showed obesity, higher deposition of fat in the liver and BAT and high fasting plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Interestingly, the association between pre and post-weaning CAF diet attenuated the obesity and improved the plasma levels of glucose and triglycerides compared to CTL-CAFF1 without avoiding the higher lipid accumulation in BAT and in liver, suggesting that the impact of maternal CAF diet is tissue-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne D S Santos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Balbo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana T B Guimarães
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sara C Sagae
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Fábio Negretti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas/CCMF, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grassiolli
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabolismo/LAFEM, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde/CCBS, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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23
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Barbois S, Arvieux C, Leroy V, Reche F, Stürm N, Borel AL. Benefit–risk of intraoperative liver biopsy during bariatric surgery: review and perspectives. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:1780-1786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Schofield Z, Reed MAC, Newsome PN, Adams DH, Günther UL, Lalor PF. Changes in human hepatic metabolism in steatosis and cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:2685-2695. [PMID: 28487605 PMCID: PMC5403747 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i15.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To understand the underlying metabolic changes in human liver disease we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics analysis to human liver tissue.
METHODS We have carried out pilot study using 1H-NMR to derive metabolomic signatures from human liver from patients with steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or alcohol-related liver damage (ARLD) to identify species that can predict outcome and discriminate between alcohol and metabolic-induced liver injuries.
RESULTS Changes in branched chain amino acid homeostasis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and purine biosynthesis intermediates along with betaine were associated with the development of cirrhosis in both ARLD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Species such as propylene glycol and as yet unidentified moieties that allowed discrimination between NASH and ARLD samples were also detected using our approach.
CONCLUSION Our high throughput, non-destructive technique for multiple analyte quantification in human liver specimens has potential for identification of biomarkers with prognostic and diagnostic significance.
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25
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Cabré N, Camps J, Joven J. Inflammation, mitochondrial metabolism and nutrition: the multi-faceted progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2016; 5:438-443. [PMID: 27826560 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2016.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Cabré
- Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Sant Joan, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Sant Joan, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Sant Joan, Pere Virgili Health Research Institute, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; ; The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
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26
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Paglialunga S, Dehn CA. Clinical assessment of hepatic de novo lipogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:159. [PMID: 27640119 PMCID: PMC5027077 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is heralded as the next big global epidemic. Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL), the synthesis of new fatty acids from non-lipid sources, is thought to play a pivotal role in the development of NAFLD. While there is currently no NAFLD-specific therapeutic agent available, pharmaceutical drugs aimed at reducing hepatic fat accretion may prove to be a powerful ally in the treatment and management of this disease. With a focus on NAFLD, the present review summarizes current techniques examining DNL from a clinical perspective, and describes the merits and limitations of three commonly used assays; stable-label isotope tracer studies, fatty acid indexes and indirect calorimetry as non-invasive measures of hepatic DNL. Finally, the application of DNL assessments in the pharmacological and nutraceutical treatment of NAFLD/NASH is summarized. In a clinical research setting, measures of DNL are an important marker in the development of anti-NAFLD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Paglialunga
- Global Clinical Research, Celerion, 2420 West Baseline Road, Tempe, AZ, 85283, USA.
| | - Clayton A Dehn
- Global Clinical Research, Celerion, 2420 West Baseline Road, Tempe, AZ, 85283, USA.,Current affiliation: Umbrella Corporation, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Mitra S, Fernandez-Del-Valle M, Hill JE. The role of MRI in understanding the underlying mechanisms in obesity associated diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:1115-1131. [PMID: 27639834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and its possible association with diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases have been studied for decades for its impact on healthcare. Recent studies clearly indicate the need for developing accurate and reproducible methodologies for assessing body fat content and distribution. Body fat distribution plays a significant role in developing an insight in the underlying mechanisms in which adipose tissue is linked with various diseases. Among imaging technologies including computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), MRI and MRS seem to be the best emerging techniques and together are being considered as the gold standard for body fat content and distribution. This paper reviews studies up to the present time involving different methodologies of these two emerging technologies and presents the basic concepts of MRI and MRS with required novel image analysis techniques in accurate, quantitative, and direct assessment of body fat content and distribution. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Quality in Diabetes/Obesity and Critical Illness Spectrum of Diseases - edited by P. Hemachandra Reddy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason E Hill
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Hernández-Aguilera A, Fernández-Arroyo S, Cuyàs E, Luciano-Mateo F, Cabre N, Camps J, Lopez-Miranda J, Menendez JA, Joven J. Epigenetics and nutrition-related epidemics of metabolic diseases: Current perspectives and challenges. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 96:191-204. [PMID: 27503834 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We live in a world fascinated by the relationship between disease and nutritional disequilibrium. The subtle and slow effects of chronic nutrient toxicity are a major public health concern. Since food is potentially important for the development of "metabolic memory", there is a need for more information on the type of nutrients causing adverse or toxic effects. We now know that metabolic alterations produced by excessive intake of some nutrients, drugs and chemicals directly impact epigenetic regulation. We envision that understanding how metabolic pathways are coordinated by environmental and genetic factors will provide novel insights for the treatment of metabolic diseases. New methods will enable the assembly and analysis of large sets of complex molecular and clinical data for understanding how inflammation and mitochondria affect bioenergetics, epigenetics and health. Collectively, the observations we highlight indicate that energy utilization and disease are intimately connected by epigenetics. The challenge is to incorporate metabolo-epigenetic data in better interpretations of disease, to expedite therapeutic targeting of key pathways linking nutritional toxicity and metabolism. An additional concern is that changes in the parental phenotype are detectable in the methylome of subsequent offspring. The effect might create a menace to future generations and preconceptional considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; ProCURE (Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Fedra Luciano-Mateo
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Noemi Cabre
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; ProCURE (Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain.
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29
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Camps J, García-Heredia A, Hernández-Aguilera A, Joven J. Paraoxonases, mitochondrial dysfunction and non-communicable diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 259:382-387. [PMID: 27062890 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The most common non-communicable diseases (NCD) are obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and neurological diseases. Together, they constitute the commonest cause of death and disability worldwide. Mitochondrial alterations, oxidative stress and inflammation underpin NCD and are molecular mechanisms playing major roles in the disease onset and natural history. Interrelations between the mechanisms of oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolism are, in the broadest sense of energy transformations, being increasingly recognized as part of the problem in NCD. Whether or not oxidative stress and inflammation are the causes or the consequences of cellular disturbances, they do significantly contribute to NCD. Paraoxonases are associated with mitochondria and mitochondria-associated membranes. They modulate mitochondria-dependent superoxide production, and prevent apoptosis. Their overexpression protects mitochondria from endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction; highlighting that the anti-inflammatory effects of paraoxonases may be mediated, at least in part, by their protective role in mitochondria and associated organelle function. Since oxidative stress is implicated in the development of NCD (as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction), these data suggest that understanding the role and the molecular targets of paraoxonases may provide novel strategies of intervention in the treatment of these important diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, Reus 43201, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Anabel García-Heredia
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, Reus 43201, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, Reus 43201, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C. Sant Joan s/n, Reus 43201, Catalonia, Spain
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30
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Traish AM, Zitzmann M. The complex and multifactorial relationship between testosterone deficiency (TD), obesity and vascular disease. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2015; 16:249-68. [PMID: 26590935 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-015-9323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency (TD) is a well-established and recognized medical condition that contributes to several co-morbidities, including metabolic syndrome, visceral obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). More importantly, obesity is thought to contribute to TD. This complex bidirectional interplay between TD and obesity promotes a vicious cycle, which further contributes to the adverse effects of TD and obesity and may increase the risk of CVD. Testosterone (T) therapy for men with TD has been shown to be safe and effective in ameliorating the components of the metabolic syndrome (Met S) and in contributiong to increased lean body mass and reduced fat mass and therefore contributes to weight loss. We believe that appropriate T therapy in obese men with TD is a novel medical approach to manage obesity in men with TD. Indeed, other measures of lifestyle and behavioral changes can be used to augment but not fully replace this effective therapeutic approach. It should be noted that concerns regarding the safety of T therapy remain widely unsubstantiated and considerable evidence exists supporting the benefits of T therapy. Thus, it is paramount that clinicians managing obese men with TD be made aware of this novel approach to treatment of obesity. In this review, we discuss the relationship between TD and obesity and highlight the contemporary advancement in management of obesity with pharmacological and surgical approaches, as well as utilization of T therapy and how this intervention may evolve as a novel approach to treatment of obesity in men with TD .
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmaged M Traish
- Department of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 Concord Street, A502, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Michael Zitzmann
- Clinical Andrology, Centre for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Domagkstrasse 11, D-48149, Muenster, Germany
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