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Kim H, Choi J, Seo J, Lim H, Kang SK. CKD-497 inhibits NF-kB signaling and ameliorates inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in ovalbumin-induced asthma and particulate matter-induced airway inflammatory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1428567. [PMID: 39170711 PMCID: PMC11336248 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1428567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Air pollution, allergens, and bacterial infections are major contributors to pathological respiratory disorders worldwide. CKD-497, derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes japonica and the fruits of Schisandra chinensis, is known for its ability to relieve cough and facilitate phlegm expectoration. However, its protective action against allergic asthma and fine dust-induced lung inflammation, along with its underlying mechanisms, have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: In this study, we established mouse models of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma and particulate matter (PM)-induced pulmonary inflammation to evaluate the effects of CKD-497. Mice were administered CKD-497 orally, and various parameters such as airway inflammation, mucus production, and proinflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were measured. Additionally, the macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was pretreated with CKD-497 and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to assess inflammation via the NF-kB signaling pathway. Results: Oral administration of CKD-497 effectively attenuated airway inflammation and mucus production in both OVA-induced asthma and PM-induced lung inflammation models. It also significantly decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. CKD-497 alleviated leukocyte infiltration, including neutrophils, and reduced fibrillary collagen deposition in PM10-treated mice. In vitro, CKD-497 pretreatment inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells through the suppression of the NF-kB signaling pathway. Discussion: CKD-497 shows potent anti-inflammatory effects in mouse models of asthma and PM-induced lung inflammation, potentially mediated by the inhibition of the NF-kB pathway. These findings suggest that CKD-497 could serve as a functional supplement to protect against respiratory diseases by mitigating pulmonary and airway inflammation induced by allergens and air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Kim
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry, Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Cui X, Vervaeke P, Gao Y, Opsomer L, Sun Q, Snoeck J, Devriendt B, Zhong Z, Sanders NN. Immunogenicity and biodistribution of lipid nanoparticle formulated self-amplifying mRNA vaccines against H5 avian influenza. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:138. [PMID: 39097672 PMCID: PMC11298010 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reports on the immunogenicity and biodistribution of H5 hemagglutinin (HA)-based self-amplifying (sa) mRNA vaccines in mice. Four sa-mRNA vaccines encoding either a secreted full-length HA, a secreted HA head domain, a secreted HA stalk domain, or a full-length membrane-anchored HA were investigated. All vaccines elicited an adaptive immune response. However, the full-length HA sa-RNA vaccines demonstrated superior performance compared to head and stalk domain vaccines. The antibody titers positively correlated with the vaccine dose. Cellular immune responses and antigen-specific IgA antibodies in the lungs were also observed. The comparison of the sa-mRNA vaccines encoding the secreted and membrane-anchored full-length HA revealed that anchoring of the HA to the membrane significantly enhanced the antibody and cellular responses. In addition to the injection site, the intramuscularly injected sa-mRNA-LNPs were also detected in the draining lymph nodes, spleen, and to a lesser extent, in the lung, kidney, liver, and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Cui
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vervaeke
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lisa Opsomer
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Qing Sun
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Janne Snoeck
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Zifu Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Niek N Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute (CRIG), Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Leekha A, Saeedi A, Sefat KMSR, Kumar M, Martinez-Paniagua M, Damian A, Kulkarni R, Reichel K, Rezvan A, Masoumi S, Liu X, Cooper LJN, Sebastian M, Sands CM, Das VE, Patel NB, Hurst B, Varadarajan N. Multi-antigen intranasal vaccine protects against challenge with sarbecoviruses and prevents transmission in hamsters. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6193. [PMID: 39043645 PMCID: PMC11266618 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunization programs against SARS-CoV-2 with commercial intramuscular vaccines prevent disease but are less efficient in preventing infections. Mucosal vaccines can provide improved protection against transmission, ideally for different variants of concern (VOCs) and related sarbecoviruses. Here, we report a multi-antigen, intranasal vaccine, NanoSTING-SN (NanoSTING-Spike-Nucleocapsid), eliminates virus replication in both the lungs and the nostrils upon challenge with the pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC. We further demonstrate that NanoSTING-SN prevents transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VOC (BA.5) to vaccine-naïve hamsters. To evaluate protection against other sarbecoviruses, we immunized mice with NanoSTING-SN. We showed that immunization affords protection against SARS-CoV, leading to protection from weight loss and 100% survival in mice. In non-human primates, animals immunized with NanoSTING-SN show durable serum IgG responses (6 months) and nasal wash IgA responses cross-reactive to SARS-CoV-2 (XBB1.5), SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV antigens. These observations have two implications: (1) mucosal multi-antigen vaccines present a pathway to reducing transmission of respiratory viruses, and (2) eliciting immunity against multiple antigens can be advantageous in engineering pan-sarbecovirus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Leekha
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arash Saeedi
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K M Samiur Rahman Sefat
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Monish Kumar
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melisa Martinez-Paniagua
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adrian Damian
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rohan Kulkarni
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kate Reichel
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ali Rezvan
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shalaleh Masoumi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Vallabh E Das
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nimesh B Patel
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brett Hurst
- Institute of Antiviral Research, Utah State University, UT, Logan, USA
| | - Navin Varadarajan
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Shen HT, Fang YT, Tsai WH, Chou CH, Huang MS, Yeh YT, Wu JT, Huang CH, Wang BY, Chang WW. A Lactobacillus Combination Ameliorates Lung Inflammation in an Elastase/LPS-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10300-9. [PMID: 38865030 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the world's leading lung disease and lacks effective and specific clinical strategies. Probiotics are increasingly used to support the improvement of the course of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we evaluated the potential of a lactic acid bacteria (LAB) combination containing Limosilactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-133 to decrease lung inflammation and emphysema in a COPD mouse model. This model was induced by intranasal stimulation with elastase and LPS for 4 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of oral LAB administration. The results showed that the LAB combination decreased lung emphysema and reduced inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in the lung tissue of COPD mice. Microbiome analysis revealed that Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia muciniphila, reduced in the gut of COPD mice, could be restored after LAB treatment. Microbial α-diversity in the lungs decreased in COPD mice but was reversed after LAB administration, which also increased the relative abundance of Candidatus arthromitus in the gut and decreased Burkholderia in the lungs. Furthermore, LAB-treated COPD mice exhibited increased levels of short-chain fatty acids, specifically acetic acid and propionic acid, in the cecum. Additionally, pulmonary emphysema and inflammation negatively correlated with C. arthromitus and Adlercreutzia levels. In conclusion, the combination of L. reuteri GMNL-89 and L. paracasei GMNL-133 demonstrates beneficial effects on pulmonary emphysema and inflammation in experimental COPD mice, correlating with changes in gut and lung microbiota, and providing a potential strategy for future adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Ting Shen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 88, Sec. 1, Fengxing Rd., Tanzi Dist., Taichung City, 427003, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Fang
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, No.8, Nanke 7th Rd., Shanhua Dist., Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Tsai
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, No.8, Nanke 7th Rd., Shanhua Dist., Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, No.8, Nanke 7th Rd., Shanhua Dist., Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Division of Respiratory and Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, No. 1, Yida Rd, Yanchao Dist, Kaohsiung City, 824005, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, No. 151, Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung City, 831301, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Ting Wu
- Division of Respiratory and Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, No. 1, Yida Rd, Yanchao Dist, Kaohsiung City, 824005, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsieh Huang
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, No. 151, Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung City, 831301, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Yen Wang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, No. 135, Nanhsiao Street, Changhua County, 500209, Taiwan.
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City, 402202, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N.Rd, Taichung City, 402306, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N.Rd, Taichung City, 402306, Taiwan.
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Wong IG, Stark J, Ya V, Moye AL, Vazquez AB, Dang SM, Shehaj A, Rouhani MJ, Bronson R, Janes SM, Rowbotham SP, Paschini M, Franklin RA, Kim CF. Airway injury induces alveolar epithelial and mesenchymal responses mediated by macrophages. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.02.587596. [PMID: 38617297 PMCID: PMC11014629 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Acute injury in the airways or the lung activates local progenitors and stimulates changes in cell-cell interactions to restore homeostasis, but it is not appreciated how more distant niches are impacted. We utilized mouse models of airway-specific epithelial injury to examine secondary tissue-wide alveolar, immune, and mesenchymal responses. Single-cell transcriptomics and in vivo validation revealed transient, tissue-wide proliferation of alveolar type 2 (AT2) progenitor cells after club cell-specific ablation. The AT2 cell proliferative response was reliant on alveolar macrophages (AMs) via upregulation of Spp1 which encodes the secreted factor Osteopontin. A previously uncharacterized mesenchymal population we termed Mesenchymal Airway/Adventitial Niche Cell 2 (MANC2) also exhibited dynamic changes in abundance and a pro-fibrotic transcriptional signature after club cell ablation in an AM-dependent manner. Overall, these results demonstrate that acute airway damage can trigger distal lung responses including altered cell-cell interactions that may contribute to potential vulnerabilities for further dysregulation and disease.
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Kim HS, Kim B, Holzapfel WH, Kang H. Lactiplantibacillusplantarum APsulloc331261 (GTB1 ™) promotes butyrate production to suppress mucin hypersecretion in a murine allergic airway inflammation model. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1292266. [PMID: 38449878 PMCID: PMC10915089 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1292266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergic airway diseases are one of the serious health problems in worldwide and allergic airway inflammation is a prerequisite led to the exacerbated situation such as mucus hypersecretion, epithelial barrier damage and microbiota dysbiosis. Because of side effects and low efficiencies of current therapeutics, the need for novel alternatives has been urged. Probiotics in which have diverse and beneficial modulatory effects have been applied to the airway inflammation model and the underlying mechanism needs to be investigated. Methods We aimed to evaluate whether our target strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum APsulloc331261 (GTB1TM) isolated from green tea, can ameliorate allergic airway inflammation in mice and to figure out the mechanism. We induced allergic airway inflammation to mice by ovalbumin (OVA) and administered GTB1 orally and the immune and epithelial barrier markers were assessed. The gut metabolite and microbiota were also analysed, and the in vitro cell-line experiment was introduced to confirm the hypothesis of the study. Results GTB1 ameliorated type 2 inflammation and suppressed mucin hypersecretion with the inhibition of MUC5AC in inflamed mice. Moreover, GTB1 increased the butyrate production and the relative abundance of butyrate producer, Clostridium cluster IV. We assumed that butyrate may have a potential role and investigated the effect of butyrate in mucin regulation via human airway epithelial cell line, A549. Butyrate significantly reduced the gene expression of MUC5AC in A549 cells suggesting its regulatory role in mucus production. Conclusion Therefore, our study demonstrates that the oral administration of GTB1 can ameliorate allergic airway inflammation and mucin hypersecretion by butyrate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Shin Kim
- Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- HEM Pharma, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bobae Kim
- HEM Pharma, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Wilhelm H. Holzapfel
- Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- HEM Pharma, Pohang, Republic of Korea
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Comarița IK, Tanko G, Anghelache IL, Georgescu A. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of AP-1 restores the function of the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle by reducing perivascular and interstitial fibrosis and key molecular players in cardiopulmonary disease. J Transl Med 2024; 22:137. [PMID: 38317144 PMCID: PMC10845748 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex multifactorial vascular pathology characterized by an increased pulmonary arterial pressure, vasoconstriction, remodelling of the pulmonary vasculature, thrombosis in situ and inflammation associated with right-side heart failure. Herein, we explored the potential beneficial effects of treatment with siRNA AP-1 on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), right ventricular dysfunction along with perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in pulmonary artery-PA, right ventricle-RV and lung in an experimental animal model of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. METHODS Golden Syrian hamsters were divided into: (1) C group-healthy animals taken as control; (2) MCT group obtained by a single subcutaneous injection of 60 mg/kg MCT at the beginning of the experiment; (3) MCT-siRNA AP-1 group received a one-time subcutaneous dose of MCT and subcutaneous injections containing 100 nM siRNA AP-1, every two weeks. All animal groups received water and standard chow ad libitum for 12 weeks. RESULTS In comparison with the MCT group, siRNA AP-1 treatment had significant beneficial effects on investigated tissues contributing to: (1) a reduction in TGF-β1/ET-1/IL-1β/TNF-α plasma concentrations; (2) a reduced level of cytosolic ROS production in PA, RV and lung and notable improvements regarding the ultrastructure of these tissues; a decrease of inflammatory and fibrotic marker expressions in PA (COL1A/Fibronectin/Vimentin/α-SMA/CTGF/Calponin/MMP-9), RV and lung (COL1A/CTGF/Fibronectin/α-SMA/F-actin/OB-cadherin) and an increase of endothelial marker expressions (CD31/VE-cadherin) in PA; (4) structural and functional recoveries of the PA [reduced Vel, restored vascular reactivity (NA contraction, ACh relaxation)] and RV (enlarged internal cavity diameter in diastole, increased TAPSE and PRVOFs) associated with a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate; (5) a reduced protein expression profile of AP-1S3/ pFAK/FAK/pERK/ERK and a significant decrease in the expression levels of miRNA-145, miRNA-210, miRNA-21, and miRNA-214 along with an increase of miRNA-124 and miRNA-204. CONCLUSIONS The siRNA AP-1-based therapy led to an improvement of pulmonary arterial and right ventricular function accompanied by a regression of perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in PA, RV and lung and a down-regulation of key inflammatory and fibrotic markers in MCT-treated hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Karla Comarița
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Tanko
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Adriana Georgescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.
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Sindhu A, Jadhav U, Ghewade B, Wagh P, Yadav P. Unveiling the Diagnostic Potential: A Comprehensive Review of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Interstitial Lung Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e52793. [PMID: 38389607 PMCID: PMC10882258 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review examines the diagnostic potential of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in interstitial lung disease (ILD), emphasizing its accuracy and significance in various ILDs, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and connective tissue disease-associated ILD. The analysis underscores the importance of abnormalities in both cellular and non-cellular components of BAL fluid for precise ILD diagnosis. Recommendations advocate for the integration of BAL into clinical guidelines, a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach, and further standardization of procedures. Looking toward the future, ongoing research highlights technological advancements, biomarker discovery, and the integration of artificial intelligence in BAL interpretation. These developments not only promise to enhance ILD diagnosis but also offer prospects for a more personalized approach to patient management based on insightful patient stratification guided by BAL findings. This abstract encapsulates the key findings, recommendations, and future prospects identified in the review, providing a concise overview of the diagnostic potential of BAL in ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Sindhu
- Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Ulhas Jadhav
- Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Babaji Ghewade
- Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Pankaj Wagh
- Respiratory Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Pallavi Yadav
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
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Wellems D, Hu Y, Jennings S, Wang G. Loss of CFTR function in macrophages alters the cell transcriptional program and delays lung resolution of inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1242381. [PMID: 38035088 PMCID: PMC10687418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane-conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. The most severe pathologies of CF occur in the lung, manifesting as chronic bacterial infection, persistent neutrophilic inflammation, and mucopurulent airway obstruction. Despite increasing knowledge of the CF primary defect and the resulting clinical sequelae, the relationship between the CFTR loss of function and the neutrophilic inflammation remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that loss of CFTR function in macrophages causes extended lung inflammation. After intratracheal inoculation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mice with a macrophage-specific Cftr-knockout (Mac-CF) were able to mount an effective host defense to clear the bacterial infection. However, three days post-inoculation, Mac-CF lungs demonstrated significantly more neutrophil infiltration and higher levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that Mac-CF mice had a slower resolution of inflammation. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that absence of CFTR in the macrophages altered the cell transcriptional program, affecting the cell inflammatory and immune responses, antioxidant system, and mitochondrial respiration. Thus, loss of CFTR function in macrophages influences cell homeostasis, leading to a dysregulated cellular response to infection that may exacerbate CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Wang C, Smith J, Lu D, Noble P, Wang K. Airway-associated adipose tissue accumulation is increased in a kisspeptin receptor knockout mouse model. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1547-1562. [PMID: 37732890 PMCID: PMC10550770 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Airway-associated adipose tissue increases with body mass index and is a local source of pro-inflammatory adipokines that may contribute to airway pathology in asthma co-existing with obesity. Genetic susceptibility to airway adiposity was considered in the present study through kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptor signalling, known to modulate systemic adiposity and potentially drive airway remodelling. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effects of kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptor signalling in the lung, focusing on airway-associated adipose tissue deposition and impact on airway structure-function. Wild-type, heterozygous and kisspeptin receptor knockout mice were studied at 6 or 8 weeks of age. Lung mechanics were assessed before and after methacholine challenge and were subsequently fixed for airway morphometry. A separate group of mice underwent glucose tolerance testing and bronchoalveolar lavage. At 6 weeks of age, kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptor signalling did not affect body adiposity, airway inflammation, wall structure or function. Despite no differences in body adiposity, there was a greater accumulation of airway-associated adipose tissue in knockout mice. By 8 weeks of age, female knockout mice displayed a non-diabetic phenotype with increased body adiposity but not males. Airway-associated adipose tissue area was also increased in both knockout females and males at 8 weeks of age, but again no other respiratory abnormality was apparent. In summary, airway-associated adipose tissue is decoupled from body adiposity in prepubescent mice which supports a genetic susceptibility to fatty deposits localised to the airway wall. There was no evidence that airway-associated adipose tissue drives pathology or respiratory impairment in the absence of other environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J. Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeremy T. Smith
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Lu
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter B. Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kimberley C.W. Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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11
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Buzas D, Bunzel AH, Staufer O, Milodowski EJ, Edmunds GL, Bufton JC, Vidana Mateo BV, Yadav SKN, Gupta K, Fletcher C, Williamson MK, Harrison A, Borucu U, Capin J, Francis O, Balchin G, Hall S, Vega MV, Durbesson F, Lingappa S, Vincentelli R, Roe J, Wooldridge L, Burt R, Anderson RJL, Mulholland AJ, Bristol UNCOVER Group, Hare J, Bailey M, Davidson AD, Finn A, Morgan D, Mann J, Spatz J, Garzoni F, Schaffitzel C, Berger I. In vitro generated antibodies guide thermostable ADDomer nanoparticle design for nasal vaccination and passive immunization against SARS-CoV-2. Antib Ther 2023; 6:277-297. [PMID: 38075238 PMCID: PMC10702856 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Due to COVID-19, pandemic preparedness emerges as a key imperative, necessitating new approaches to accelerate development of reagents against infectious pathogens. Methods Here, we developed an integrated approach combining synthetic, computational and structural methods with in vitro antibody selection and in vivo immunization to design, produce and validate nature-inspired nanoparticle-based reagents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results Our approach resulted in two innovations: (i) a thermostable nasal vaccine called ADDoCoV, displaying multiple copies of a SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding motif derived epitope and (ii) a multivalent nanoparticle superbinder, called Gigabody, against SARS-CoV-2 including immune-evasive variants of concern (VOCs). In vitro generated neutralizing nanobodies and electron cryo-microscopy established authenticity and accessibility of epitopes displayed by ADDoCoV. Gigabody comprising multimerized nanobodies prevented SARS-CoV-2 virion attachment with picomolar EC50. Vaccinating mice resulted in antibodies cross-reacting with VOCs including Delta and Omicron. Conclusion Our study elucidates Adenovirus-derived dodecamer (ADDomer)-based nanoparticles for use in active and passive immunization and provides a blueprint for crafting reagents to combat respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Buzas
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Adrian H Bunzel
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Oskar Staufer
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
- Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | | | - Grace L Edmunds
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - Joshua C Bufton
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | | | - Kapil Gupta
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- Imophoron Ltd, Science Creates Old Market, Midland Rd, Bristol BS2 0JZ UK
| | | | - Maia K Williamson
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Ufuk Borucu
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Julien Capin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Ore Francis
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - Georgia Balchin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sophie Hall
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Mirella V Vega
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Fabien Durbesson
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR 7257, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Renaud Vincentelli
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR 7257, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Joe Roe
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - Linda Wooldridge
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - Rachel Burt
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan Hare
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Mick Bailey
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - Andrew D Davidson
- Imophoron Ltd, Science Creates Old Market, Midland Rd, Bristol BS2 0JZ UK
| | - Adam Finn
- Bristol University COVID-19 Emergency Research Group, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Children's Vaccine Centre, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8EF UK
| | - David Morgan
- Imophoron Ltd, Science Creates Old Market, Midland Rd, Bristol BS2 0JZ UK
| | - Jamie Mann
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU UK
| | - Joachim Spatz
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Frederic Garzoni
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Christiane Schaffitzel
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- Bristol University COVID-19 Emergency Research Group, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Imre Berger
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
- Bristol University COVID-19 Emergency Research Group, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
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12
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Dai Y, Duan K, Huang G, Yang X, Jiang X, Chen J, Liu P. Inhalation of electronic cigarettes slightly affects lung function and inflammation in mice. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1232040. [PMID: 37731664 PMCID: PMC10507352 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1232040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes have become increasingly popular, but the results of previous studies on electronic cigarette exposure in animals have been equivocal. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of electronic cigarette smoke (ECS) and cigarette smoke (CS) on lung function and pulmonary inflammation in mice to investigate whether electronic cigarettes are safer when compared to cigarettes. 32 specific pathogen-free BALB/c male mice were randomly grouped and exposed to fresh air (control), mint-flavored ECS (ECS1, 6 mg/kg), cheese-flavored ECS (ECS2, 6 mg/kg), and CS (6 mg/kg). After 3 weeks exposure to ECS or CS, we measured lung function (PIF and Penh) and blood oxygen saturation. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were measured using ELISA. HE staining was performed to observe the pathological changes in the lung tissues. The levels of IL-6 in BALF and serum, and TNF-α in BALF, were elevated similarly in the ECS and CS groups compared to the control group. Significant elevation was observed in serum TNF-α levels in the CS group. The total count of cells in BALF were increased after ECS1 exposure and CS exposure. PIF and oxygen saturation decreased, and Penh increased markedly in the CS group but not in the ECS groups. Compared with the ECS groups, mice in the CS group had widened lung tissue septa and increased inflammatory cell infiltration. However, we did not detect significant differences between mint-flavored and cheese-flavored e-cigarettes in our study. Overall, our findings suggested that both ECS and CS impair lung function and histopathology while promoting inflammation. In contrast, ECS has a less negative impact than CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Duan
- RELX Science Center, Shenzhen RELX Tech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangye Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemin Yang
- RELX Science Center, Shenzhen RELX Tech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingtao Jiang
- RELX Science Center, Shenzhen RELX Tech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Tsuji M, Nair MS, Masuda K, Castagna C, Chong Z, Darling TL, Seehra K, Hwang Y, Ribeiro ÁL, Ferreira GM, Corredor L, Coelho-Dos-Reis JGA, Tsuji Y, Mori M, Boon ACM, Diamond MS, Huang Y, Ho DD. An immunostimulatory glycolipid that blocks SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza infections in vivo. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3959. [PMID: 37402814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prophylactic vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have lowered the incidence of severe COVID-19, but emergence of viral variants that are antigenically distinct from the vaccine strains are of concern and additional, broadly acting preventive approaches are desirable. Here, we report on a glycolipid termed 7DW8-5 that exploits the host innate immune system to enable rapid control of viral infections in vivo. This glycolipid binds to CD1d on antigen-presenting cells and thereby stimulates NKT cells to release a cascade of cytokines and chemokines. The intranasal administration of 7DW8-5 prior to virus exposure significantly blocked infection by three different authentic variants of SARS-CoV-2, as well as by respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus, in mice or hamsters. We also found that this protective antiviral effect is both host-directed and mechanism-specific, requiring both the CD1d molecule and interferon-[Formula: see text]. A chemical compound like 7DW8-5 that is easy to administer and cheap to manufacture may be useful not only in slowing the spread of COVID-19 but also in responding to future pandemics long before vaccines or drugs are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moriya Tsuji
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Manoj S Nair
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kazuya Masuda
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Candace Castagna
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Zhenlu Chong
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Tamarand L Darling
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kuljeet Seehra
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Youngmin Hwang
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Pulmonary Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ágata Lopes Ribeiro
- Basic and Applied Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Geovane Marques Ferreira
- Basic and Applied Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura Corredor
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Yukiko Tsuji
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Munemasa Mori
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Pulmonary Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adrianus C M Boon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yaoxing Huang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - David D Ho
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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14
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Qin L, Song Y, Zhang F, Wang R, Zhou L, Jin S, Chen C, Li C, Wang M, Jiang B, Sun G, Ma C, Gong Y, Li P. CRL4B complex-mediated H2AK119 monoubiquitination restrains Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1488-1502. [PMID: 37024604 PMCID: PMC10244459 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T helper (Th) cell differentiation is regulated by lineage-specific expression of transcription factors, which is tightly associated with epigenetic modifications, including histone acetylation and methylation. However, the factors regulating histone modifications involved in Th cell differentiation remain largely unknown. We herein demonstrated a critical role of Cullin 4B (CUL4B) in restricting Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. CUL4B, which is assembled into the CUL4B-RING E3 ligase (CRL4B) complex, participates in various physiological and developmental processes through epigenetic repression of transcription. Depletion of Cul4b in CD4+ T cells enhanced Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. In vivo, an aggravated Th2 response caused by the absence of CUL4B was observed in a murine asthma model. Mechanistically, the CRL4B complex promoted monoubiquitination at H2AK119 (H2AK119ub1) and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)-mediated trimethylation at H3K27 (H3K27me3) at Tbx21 and Maf and consequently repressed their expression during Th cell differentiation. Our study suggests that CRL4B complex-mediated H2AK119ub1 deposition functions to prevent the aberrant expression of Th1 and Th2 lineage-specific genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shiqi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chaojia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Molin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Baichun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Gongping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Peishan Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Yang L, Chaves L, Kutscher HL, Karki S, Tamblin M, Kenney P, Reynolds JL. An immunoregulator nanomedicine approach for the treatment of tuberculosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1095926. [PMID: 37304141 PMCID: PMC10249870 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1095926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A nanoparticle composed of a poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core and a chitosan (CS) shell with surface-adsorbed 1,3 β-glucan (β-glucan) was synthesized. The exposure response of CS-PLGA nanoparticles (0.1 mg/mL) with surface-bound β-glucan at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25 ng or free β-glucan at 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25 ng/mL in macrophage in vitro and in vivo was investigated. Results: In vitro studies demonstrate that gene expression for IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα increased at 10 and 15 ng surface-bound β-glucan on CS-PLGA nanoparticles (0.1 mg/mL) and at 20 and 25 ng/mL of free β-glucan both at 24 h and 48 h. Secretion of TNFα protein and ROS production increased at 5, 10, 15, and 20 ng surface-bound β-glucan on CS-PLGA nanoparticles and at 20 and 25 ng/mL of free β-glucan at 24 h. Laminarin, a Dectin-1 antagonist, prevented the increase in cytokine gene expression induced by CS-PLGA nanoparticles with surface-bound β-glucan at 10 and 15 ng, indicating a Dectin-1 receptor mechanism. Efficacy studies showed a significant reduction in intracellular accumulation of mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) incubated with on CS-PLGA (0.1 mg/ml) nanoparticles with 5, 10, and 15 ng surface-bound β-glucan or with 10 and 15 ng/mL of free β-glucan. β-glucan-CS-PLGA nanoparticles inhibited intracellular Mtb growth more than free β-glucan alone supporting the role of β-glucan-CS-PLGA nanoparticles as stronger adjuvants than free β-glucan. In vivo studies demonstrate that oropharyngeal aspiration (OPA) of CS-PLGA nanoparticles with nanogram concentrations of surface-bound β-glucan or free β-glucan increased TNFα gene expression in alveolar macrophages and TNFα protein secretion in bronchoalveolar lavage supernatants. Discussion: Data also demonstrate no damage to the alveolar epithelium or changes in the murine sepsis score following exposure to β-glucan-CS-PLGA nanoparticles only, indicating safety and feasibility of this nanoparticle adjuvant platform to mice by OPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luona Yang
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lee Chaves
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Hilliard L. Kutscher
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Shanta Karki
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Maria Tamblin
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Patrick Kenney
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jessica L. Reynolds
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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16
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Wei C, Wang Y, Hu C. Bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation of the potential gene in the airway inflammation of steroid-resistant asthma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8098. [PMID: 37208441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid-resistant asthma is a troublesome clinical problem in public health. The pathogenesis of steroid-resistant asthma is complex and remains to be explored. In our work, the online Gene Expression Omnibus microarray dataset GSE7368 was used to explore differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between steroid-resistant asthma patients and steroid-sensitive asthma patients. Tissue-specific gene expression of DEGs was analyzed using BioGPS. The enrichment analyses were performed using GO, KEGG, and GSEA analysis. The protein-protein interaction network and key gene cluster were constructed using STRING, Cytoscape, MCODE, and Cytohubba. A steroid-resistant neutrophilic asthma mouse model was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ovalbumin (OVA). An LPS-stimulated J744A.1 macrophage model was prepared to validate the underlying mechanism of the interesting DEG gene using the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A total of 66 DEGs were identified, most of which were present in the hematologic/immune system. Enrichment analysis displayed that the enriched pathways were the IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signal pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and so on. DUSP2, as one of the top upregulated DEGs, has not been clearly demonstrated in steroid-resistant asthma. In our study, we observed that the salubrinal administration (DUSP2 inhibitor) reversed neutrophilic airway inflammation and cytokine responses (IL-17A, TNF-α) in a steroid-resistant asthma mouse model. We also found that salubrinal treatment reduced inflammatory cytokines (CXCL10 and IL-1β) in LPS-stimulated J744A.1 macrophages. DUSP2 may be a candidate target for the therapy of steroid-resistant asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Wu P, Weng H, Luo W, Zhan Y, Xiong L, Zhang H, Yan H. An improved Yolov5s based on transformer backbone network for detection and classification of bronchoalveolar lavage cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2985-3001. [PMID: 37249972 PMCID: PMC10209489 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological tissue information of the lung, such as cells and proteins, can be obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), through which it can be used as a complement to lung biopsy pathology. BALF cells can be confused with each other due to the similarity of their characteristics and differences in the way sections are handled or viewed. This poses a great challenge for cell detection. In this paper, An Improved Yolov5s Based on Transformer Backbone Network for Detection and Classification of BALF Cells is proposed, focusing on the detection of four types of cells in BALF: macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. The network is mainly based on the Yolov5s network and uses Swin Transformer V2 technology in the backbone network to improve cell detection accuracy by obtaining global information; the C3Ghost module (a variant of the Convolutional Neural Network architecture) is used in the neck network to reduce the number of parameters during feature channel fusion and to improve feature expression performance. In addition, embedding intersection over union Loss (EIoU_Loss) was used as a bounding box regression loss function to speed up the bounding box regression rate, resulting in higher accuracy of the algorithm. The experiments showed that our model could achieve mAP of 81.29% and Recall of 80.47%. Compared to the original Yolov5s, the mAP has improved by 3.3% and Recall by 3.67%. We also compared it with Yolov7 and the newly launched Yolov8s. mAP improved by 0.02% and 2.36% over Yolov7 and Yolov8s respectively, while the FPS of our model was higher than both of them, achieving a balance of efficiency and accuracy, further demonstrating the superiority of our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puzhen Wu
- The Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Beijing-Dublin International College, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Han Weng
- Beijing-Dublin International College, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Zhan
- Beijing-Dublin International College, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Road, Nanschang 330066, China
| | - Hai Yan
- The Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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18
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Rghei AD, Yates JGE, Lopes JA, Zhan X, Guilleman MM, Pei Y, van Lieshout LP, Santry LA, Bridle BW, Karimi K, Thompson B, Susta L, Crowe JE, Wootton SK. Antibody-based protection against respiratory syncytial virus in mice and their offspring through vectored immunoprophylaxis. Gene Ther 2023:10.1038/s41434-023-00385-2. [PMID: 36732618 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-023-00385-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes acute lower respiratory tract infections, with potential lower respiratory tract infections, which can be particularly problematic in infants and the elderly. There are no approved vaccines for RSV. The current standard of care for high-risk individuals is monthly administration of palivizumab, a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the RSV fusion protein. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of mAbs has previously led to sustained expression of therapeutic concentrations of mAbs in several animal models, representing an alternative to repetitive passive administration. Intramuscular (IM) administration of AAV6.2FF expressing RSV antibodies, palivizumab or hRSV90, resulted in high concentrations of human (h)IgG1 mAbs in the serum and at various mucosal surfaces, while intranasal administration limited hIgG expression to the respiratory tract. IM administration of AAV6.2FF-hRSV90 or AAV6.2FF-palivizumab in a murine model provided sterilizing immunity against challenge with RSV A2. Evidence of maternal passive transfer of vectorized hRSV90 was detected in both murine and ovine models, with circulating mAbs providing sterilizing immunity in mouse progeny. Finally, addition of a "kill switch" comprised of LoxP sites flanking the mAb genes resulted in diminished serum hIgG after AAV-DJ-mediated delivery of Cre recombinase to the same muscle group that was originally transduced with the AAV-mAb vector. The ability of this AAV-mAb system to mediate robust, sustained mAb expression for maternal transfer to progeny in murine and ovine models emphasizes the potential of this platform for use as an alternative prophylactic vaccine for protection against neonatal infections, particularly in high-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira D Rghei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jacob G E Yates
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jordyn A Lopes
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Xuiaoyan Zhan
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-0417, USA
| | - Matthew M Guilleman
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Yanlong Pei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | | | - Lisa A Santry
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Byram W Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | | | - Leonardo Susta
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - James E Crowe
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-0417, USA
| | - Sarah K Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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19
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Lindgren NR, McDaniel MS, Novak L, Swords WE. Acute polymicrobial airway infections: analysis in cystic fibrosis mice. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169:001290. [PMID: 36748431 PMCID: PMC9993112 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder affecting epithelial ion transport, which among other impacts results in defective mucociliary clearance and innate defenses in the respiratory tract. Consequently, people with CF experience lifelong infections of the respiratory mucosa that are chronic and polymicrobial in nature. Young children with CF are initially colonized by opportunists like nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), which normally resides within the microbiome of the nasopharynx and upper airways and can also cause infections of the respiratory mucosa that include bronchitis and otitis media. NTHi is typically supplanted by other microbes as patients age; for example, people with CF are often chronically infected with mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which prior work in our laboratory has shown to promote colonization and persistence by other opportunists that include Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Our previous work has shown that polymicrobial infection impacts host colonization and persistence of incoming microbes via diverse mechanisms that include priming of host immunity that can promote microbial clearance, and cooperativity within polymicrobial biofilms, which can promote persistence. In infection studies with BALB/c Cftrtm1UNC mice, results showed, as previously observed for WT BALB/c mice, preceding infection with NTHi decreased colonization and persistence by P. aeruginosa. Likewise, polymicrobial infection of BALB/c Cftrtm1UNC and C57BL/6 Cftrtm1UncTg(FABPhCFTR)1Jaw/J mice showed correlation between S. maltophilia and P. aeruginosa, with increased bacterial colonization and lung pathology. Based on these results, we conclude that our previous observations regarding polymicrobial infections with CF opportunists in WT mice are also validated using CF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Lindgren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Melissa S McDaniel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Lea Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - W Edward Swords
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.,Gregory Fleming James Center for Cystic Fibrosis Research, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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20
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Mostafa DHD, Hemshekhar M, Piyadasa H, Altieri A, Halayko AJ, Pascoe CD, Mookherjee N. Characterization of sex-related differences in allergen house dust mite-challenged airway inflammation, in two different strains of mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20837. [PMID: 36460835 PMCID: PMC9718733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological sex impacts disease prevalence, severity and response to therapy in asthma, however preclinical studies often use only one sex in murine models. Here, we detail sex-related differences in immune responses using a house dust mite (HDM)-challenge model of acute airway inflammation, in adult mice of two different strains (BALB/c and C57BL/6NJ). Female and male mice were challenged (intranasally) with HDM extract (~ 25 μg) for 2 weeks (N = 10 per group). Increase in serum HDM-specific IgE showed a female bias, which was statistically significant in BALB/c mice. We compared naïve and HDM-challenged mice to define immune responses in the lungs by assessing leukocyte accumulation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and profiling the abundance of 29 different cytokines in BALF and lung tissue lysates. Our results demonstrate specific sex-related and strain-dependent differences in airway inflammation. For example, HDM-driven accumulation of neutrophils, eosinophils and macrophages were significantly higher in females compared to males, in BALB/c mice. In contrast, HDM-mediated eosinophil accumulation was higher in males compared to females, in C57BL/6NJ mice. Differences in lung cytokine profiles indicated that HDM drives a T-helper (Th)17-biased response with higher IL-17 levels in female BALB/c mice compared to males, whereas female C57BL/6NJ mice elicit a mixed Th1/Th2-skewed response. Male mice of both strains showed higher levels of specific Th2-skewed cytokines, such as IL-21, IL-25 and IL-9, in response to HDM. Overall, this study details sex dimorphism in HDM-mediated airway inflammation in mice, which will be a valuable resource for preclinical studies in allergic airway inflammation and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina H. D. Mostafa
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, 799 JBRC, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4 Canada ,grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Mahadevappa Hemshekhar
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Hadeesha Piyadasa
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, 799 JBRC, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4 Canada ,grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
| | - Anthony Altieri
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, 799 JBRC, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4 Canada ,grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Andrew J. Halayko
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada ,grid.460198.20000 0004 4685 0561Biology of Breathing Group, The Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Christopher D. Pascoe
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada ,grid.460198.20000 0004 4685 0561Biology of Breathing Group, The Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Neeloffer Mookherjee
- grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, 799 JBRC, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4 Canada ,grid.21613.370000 0004 1936 9609Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada ,grid.460198.20000 0004 4685 0561Biology of Breathing Group, The Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
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21
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Kim J, Jozic A, Mukherjee A, Nelson D, Chiem K, Khan MSR, Torrelles JB, Martinez‐Sobrido L, Sahay G. Rapid Generation of Circulating and Mucosal Decoy Human ACE2 using mRNA Nanotherapeutics for the Potential Treatment of SARS-CoV-2. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202556. [PMID: 36216580 PMCID: PMC9762296 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause lethal pulmonary damage in humans. It contains spike proteins on its envelope that bind to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) expressed on airway cells, enabling entry of the virus, and causing infection. The soluble form of hACE2 binds SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, prevents viral entry into target cells, and ameliorates lung injury; however, its short half-life limits therapeutic utilities. Here, synthetic mRNA is engineered to encode a soluble form of hACE2 (hsACE2) to prevent viral infection. A novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP) is used for packaging and delivering mRNA to cells to produce hsACE2 proteins. Intravenously administered LNP delivers mRNA to hepatocytes, leading to the production of circulatory hsACE2 initiated within 2 h and sustained over several days. Inhaled LNP results in lung transfection and secretion of mucosal hsACE2 to lung epithelia, the primary site of entry and pathogenesis for SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, mRNA-generated hsACE2 binds to the receptor-binding domain of the viral spike protein. Finally, hsACE2 effectively inhibits SARS-CoV-2 and its pseudoviruses from infecting host cells. The proof of principle study shows that mRNA-based nanotherapeutics can be potentially deployed to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and open new treatment opportunities for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyRobertson Life Sciences BuildingOregon State UniversityPortlandOR97201USA
| | - Antony Jozic
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyRobertson Life Sciences BuildingOregon State UniversityPortlandOR97201USA
| | - Anindit Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyRobertson Life Sciences BuildingOregon State UniversityPortlandOR97201USA
| | - Dylan Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyRobertson Life Sciences BuildingOregon State UniversityPortlandOR97201USA
- High‐Throughput Screening Services LaboratoryCollege of PharmacyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Disease Prevention and Interventionand Population Health ProgramsTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTX78227USA
| | - Md Siddiqur Rahman Khan
- Disease Prevention and Interventionand Population Health ProgramsTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTX78227USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Disease Prevention and Interventionand Population Health ProgramsTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTX78227USA
| | - Luis Martinez‐Sobrido
- Disease Prevention and Interventionand Population Health ProgramsTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTX78227USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyRobertson Life Sciences BuildingOregon State UniversityPortlandOR97201USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRobertson Life Sciences BuildingOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOR97201USA
- Department of OphthalmologyCasey Eye InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOR97239USA
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22
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Tang L, Liu L, Sun X, Hu P, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhang X, Jiang J, Zhao X, Shi X. BMAL1/FOXA2-induced rhythmic fluctuations in IL-6 contribute to nocturnal asthma attacks. Front Immunol 2022; 13:947067. [PMID: 36505412 PMCID: PMC9732258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is closely associated with inflammatory reactions. Increased inflammatory cytokine levels have been detected in the airways of nocturnal asthma. However, the mechanisms that contribute to the nocturnal increase in inflammatory responses and the relationship with circadian clock remain unknown. Methods Inflammatory cytokine levels were measured in asthma patients with and without nocturnal symptoms. Allergic airway disease was induced in mice by ovalbumin (OVA), and different periods of light/dark cycles were used to induce circadian rhythm disorders. Serum shock was used to stimulate the rhythmic expression in human bronchial epidermal cells (16HBE). The expression and oscillation of circadian clock genes and inflammatory cytokines in 16HBE cells subjected to brain and muscle ARNT-like protein-1 (BMAL1) and Forkhead Box A2 (FOXA2) knockdown and treatment with a FOXA2 overexpression plasmid were assessed. Results Serum IL-6 was found to be significantly higher in asthmatic patients with nocturnal symptoms than those without nocturnal symptoms. The OVA-induced asthma model with a circadian rhythm disorder and 16HBE cells treated with serum shock showed an increase in IL-6 levels and a negative correlation with BMAL1 and FOXA2. The knockdown of BMAL1 resulted in a lower correlation between IL-6 and other rhythm clock genes. Furthermore, knockdown of the BMAL1 and FOXA2 in 16HBE cells reduced the expression and rhythmic fluctuations of IL-6. Conclusions Our findings suggest that there are increased IL-6 levels in nocturnal asthma resulting from inhibition of the BMAL1/FOXA2 signalling pathway in airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Tang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Central lab, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianhong Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Po Hu
- Department of Respiration, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bohan Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaolu Shi, ; Xia Zhao,
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaolu Shi, ; Xia Zhao,
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23
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Wang Y, Wan R, Peng W, Zhao X, Bai W, Hu C. Quercetin alleviates ferroptosis accompanied by reducing M1 macrophage polarization during neutrophilic airway inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 938:175407. [PMID: 36417973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a kind of regulated cell death, supporting the pathological process of lung inflammation, including asthma. Quercetin (QCT), a kind of natural dietary flavonoid, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptosis effects in various diseases. However, the role of QCT in ferroptosis-associated airway inflammation of neutrophilic asthma remains to be described. Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of QCT on neutrophilic airway inflammation of asthma. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), as a kind of ferroptosis inhibitor, was used to demonstrate whether neutrophilic airway inflammation of asthma relied on ferroptosis. In our study, the alleviation effect of QCT on neutrophilic airway inflammation was similar to Fer-1. Moreover, the significantly decreased levels of ferroptosis anti-oxidant protein (GPX4 and SLC7A11), increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, upregulated levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) expression by immunohistochemistry, and distorted mitochondria morphological changes in the lung tissues suggested lung ferroptosis in neutrophilic airway inflammation, which could be reversed by QCT treatment. In vitro experiments showed that QCT reduced LPS-induced ferroptosis through upregulating cell viability and levels of ferroptosis anti-oxidant protein (SLC7A11 and GPX4), reducing inflammatory cytokines, and decreasing the levels of MDA. Furthermore, ferroptosis was accompanied by enhancing M1 phenotype in neutrophilic airway inflammation, and QCT suppressed ferroptosis by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory M1 profile in vitro and in vivo, just as Fer-1 did. In conclusion, our study found that QCT ameliorated ferroptosis-associated neutrophilic airway inflammation accompanied by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization. QCT may be a promising ferroptosis inhibitor for neutrophilic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Rongjun Wan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Wang Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Xincheng Zhao
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Bai
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China.
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24
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Xiao S, Zhou Y, Gao H, Yang D. Dexmedetomidine attenuates airway inflammation and oxidative stress in asthma via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 27:2. [PMID: 36321783 PMCID: PMC9673067 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which oxidative stress serves a pivotal role. In clinical practice, dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α‑2‑adrenergic receptor agonist, is used as a sedative. DEX exhibits antioxidative and organ‑protective properties. In a murine model of asthma, DEX has a therapeutic effect via the toll like receptor 4/NF‑кB signaling pathway; however, whether DEX can exert an antioxidative effect on asthma has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a T helper (Th)2‑dominant murine asthma model was established. DEX treatment significantly reduced eosinophilic airway inflammation, mucus overproduction and airway hyperresponsiveness, as well as the concentrations of Th2 cytokines. The lung tissues of mice with asthma were characterized by redox imbalance (increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant capacity). DEX treatment alleviated this imbalance by decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, and increasing the levels of glutathione. Furthermore, the nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was inhibited in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice; these effects were noted in its downstream genes, heme oxygenase 1 and glutathione peroxidase 4. In mice with asthma, DEX treatment induced the expression of these antioxidant genes and the activation of Nrf2, whereas ML385 (an inhibitor of Nrf2) partially abrogated the antioxidative and therapeutic effects of DEX. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate the protective effect of DEX on Th2‑dominant asthma through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. The results suggested that the antioxidative properties of DEX could be beneficial in clinical application of DEX for the relief of asthmatic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Huibin Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Dong Yang, Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan, Beijing 100144, P.R. China, E-mail:
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25
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Cruz-Resendiz A, Acero G, Sampieri A, Gevorkian G, Salvador C, Escobar L, Rosendo-Pineda MJ, Medeiros M, Vaca L. An ambient-temperature stable nanoparticle-based vaccine for nasal application that confers long-lasting immunogenicity to carried antigens. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057499. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhedrins are viral proteins present in a large family of baculoviruses that form occlusion bodies (polyhedra). These structures protect the virus particles from the outside environment until they are ingested by susceptible insects. Occluded viruses can sustain inclement weather for long periods of time. Therefore, the polyhedra is a natural preservative that keeps the viral structure intact at ambient temperature for years. In a previous study we identified the first 110 amino acids from polyhedrin (PH(1-110)) as a good candidate to carry antigens of interest. As a proof of concept, we produced a fusion protein with PH(1-110) and the green fluorescent protein (PH(1-110)GFP). The fusion protein associates spontaneously during its synthesis resulting in the formation of nanoparticles. Nasal immunization with these nanoparticles and in the absence of any adjuvant, results in a robust immune response with the production of IgG immunoglobulins that remained elevated for months and that selectively recognize the GFP but not PH(1-110). These results indicate that PH(1-110) is poorly immunogenic but capable of enhancing the immune response to GFP.
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26
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Cappiello F, Casciaro B, Loffredo MR, Puglisi E, Lin Q, Yang D, Conte G, d’Angelo I, Ungaro F, Ferrera L, Barbieri R, Cresti L, Pini A, Di YP, Mangoni ML. Pulmonary Safety Profile of Esc Peptides and Esc-Peptide-Loaded Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Local Treatment of Lung Infectious Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2297. [PMID: 36365116 PMCID: PMC9697339 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, we have discovered Esc(1-21) and its diastereomer (Esc peptides) as valuable candidates for the treatment of Pseudomonas lung infection, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Furthermore, engineered poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were revealed to be a promising pulmonary delivery system of antimicrobial peptides. However, the "ad hoc" development of novel therapeutics requires consideration of their stability, tolerability, and safety. Hence, by means of electrophysiology experiments and preclinical studies on healthy mice, we demonstrated that neither Esc peptides or Esc-peptide-loaded PLGA NPs significantly affect the integrity of the lung epithelium, nor change the global gene expression profile of lungs of treated animals compared to those of vehicle-treated animals. Noteworthy, the Esc diastereomer endowed with the highest antimicrobial activity did not provoke any pulmonary pro-inflammatory response, even at a concentration 15-fold higher than the efficacy dosage 24 h after administration in the free or encapsulated form. The therapeutic index was ≥70, and the peptide was found to remain available in the bronchoalveolar lavage of mice, after two days of incubation. Overall, these studies should open an avenue for a new up-and-coming pharmacological approach, likely based on inhalable peptide-loaded NPs, to address CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Cappiello
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Casciaro
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Loffredo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Puglisi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dandan Yang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Gemma Conte
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivana d’Angelo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Loretta Ferrera
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaella Barbieri
- Biophysic Institute, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Cresti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Yuanpu Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Chai Q, Yu S, Zhong Y, Lu Z, Qiu C, Yu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Lei Z, Qiang L, Li BX, Pang Y, Qiu XB, Wang J, Liu CH. A bacterial phospholipid phosphatase inhibits host pyroptosis by hijacking ubiquitin. Science 2022; 378:eabq0132. [PMID: 36227980 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The inflammasome-mediated cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD) causes pyroptosis and inflammatory cytokine release to control pathogen infection, but how pathogens evade this immune response remains largely unexplored. Here we identify the known protein phosphatase PtpB from Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a phospholipid phosphatase inhibiting the host inflammasome-pyroptosis pathway. Mechanistically, PtpB dephosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate in host cell membrane, thus disrupting the membrane localization of the cleaved GSDMD to inhibit cytokine release and pyroptosis of macrophages. Notably, this phosphatase activity requires PtpB binding to ubiquitin. Disrupting phospholipid phosphatase activity or the ubiquitin-interacting motif of PtpB enhanced host GSDMD-dependent immune responses and reduced intracellular pathogen survival. Thus, pathogens inhibit pyroptosis and counteract host immunity by altering host membrane composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Yanzhao Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Zhe Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Changgen Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zehui Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Lihua Qiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Bing-Xi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu Pang
- Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cui Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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Chudakov DB, Konovalova MV, Kashirina EI, Kotsareva OD, Shevchenko MA, Tsaregorodtseva DS, Fattakhova GV. DEPs Induce Local Ige Class Switching Independent of Their Ability to Stimulate iBALT de Novo Formation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13063. [PMID: 36293642 PMCID: PMC9603618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are leading to a general increase in atopic diseases worldwide. However, it is still unknown whether DEPs induce systemic B-cell IgE class switching in secondary lymphoid organs or locally in the lungs in inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT). The aim of this work was to identify the exact site of DEP-mediated B-cell IgE class switching and pro-allergic antibody production. METHODS We immunized BALB/c mice with different OVA doses (0.3 and 30 µg) intranasally in the presence and absence of two types of DEPs, SRM1650B and SRM2786. We used low (30 µg) and high (150 µg) DEP doses. RESULTS Only a high DEP dose induced IgE production, regardless of the particle type. Local IgE class switching was stimulated upon treatment with both types of particles with both low and high OVA doses. Despite the similar ability of the two standard DEPs to stimulate IgE production, their ability to induce iBALT formation and growth was markedly different upon co-administration with low OVA doses. CONCLUSIONS DEP-induced local IgE class switching takes place in preexisting iBALTs independent of de novo iBALT formation, at least in the case of SRM1650B co-administered with low OVA doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Borisovich Chudakov
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Mariya Vladimirovna Konovalova
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena Igorevna Kashirina
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Olga Dmitrievna Kotsareva
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Marina Alexandrovna Shevchenko
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Daria Sergeevna Tsaregorodtseva
- Faculty of Medical Biology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow 1194535, Russia
| | - Gulnar Vaisovna Fattakhova
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
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29
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Khadka P, Dummer J, Hill PC, Katare R, Das SC. A review of formulations and preclinical studies of inhaled rifampicin for its clinical translation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 13:1246-1271. [PMID: 36131190 PMCID: PMC9491662 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled drug delivery is a promising approach to achieving high lung drug concentrations to facilitate efficient treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and to reduce the overall duration of treatment. Rifampicin is a good candidate for delivery via the pulmonary route. There have been no clinical studies yet at relevant inhaled doses despite the numerous studies investigating its formulation and preclinical properties for pulmonary delivery. This review discusses the clinical implications of pulmonary drug delivery in TB treatment, the drug delivery systems reported for pulmonary delivery of rifampicin, animal models, and the animal studies on inhaled rifampicin formulations, and the research gaps hindering the transition from preclinical development to clinical investigation. A review of reports in the literature suggested there have been minimal attempts to test inhaled formulations of rifampicin in laboratory animals at relevant high doses and there is a lack of appropriate studies in animal models. Published studies have reported testing only low doses (≤ 20 mg/kg) of rifampicin, and none of the studies has investigated the safety of inhaled rifampicin after repeated administration. Preclinical evaluations of inhaled anti-TB drugs, such as rifampicin, should include high-dose formulations in preclinical models, determined based on allometric conversions, for relevant high-dose anti-TB therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Khadka
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jack Dummer
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Philip C Hill
- Centre for International Health, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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30
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Iwashita J, Maeda H, Ishimura M, Murata J. Type IV collagen reduces MUC5AC secretion in the lungs of ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851374. [PMID: 36188610 PMCID: PMC9523140 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is excessively secreted in the respiratory tract of patients with asthma. Suppressing this secretion is important for improving the air passages, which facilitates easy breathing. We have previously reported that the addition of type IV collagen, a typical extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, to the culture medium for human cell lines and primary cells reduced MUC5AC secretion. In this report, we further investigated the effect of type IV collagen on MUC5AC secretion in vivo. We employed ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice to model of asthma and exposed them to type IV collagen to verify the reducing effect of MUC5AC in vivo. The amount of MUC5AC in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was examined after nebulization of type IV collagen. Hypersecretion of MUC5AC of the OVA-sensitized mice was suppressed by type IV collagen exposure in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, type IV collagen exposure to OVA-sensitized mice decreased integrin α2 and β1 expression in the lungs and increased the levels of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in the trachea. These results suggest that type IV collagen suppresses MUC5AC hypersecretion via modulating integrin expression and Akt/ERK phosphorylation in the respiratory tract of the OVA-sensitized mice.
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31
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Zhu J, Jain S, Sha J, Batra H, Ananthaswamy N, Kilgore PB, Hendrix EK, Hosakote YM, Wu X, Olano JP, Kayode A, Galindo CL, Banga S, Drelich A, Tat V, Tseng CTK, Chopra AK, Rao VB. A Bacteriophage-Based, Highly Efficacious, Needle- and Adjuvant-Free, Mucosal COVID-19 Vaccine. mBio 2022; 13:e0182222. [PMID: 35900097 PMCID: PMC9426593 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01822-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration-authorized mRNA- and adenovirus-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are intramuscularly injected in two doses and effective in preventing COVID-19, but they do not induce efficient mucosal immunity or prevent viral transmission. Here, we report the first noninfectious, bacteriophage T4-based, multicomponent, needle- and adjuvant-free, mucosal vaccine harboring engineered Spike trimers on capsid exterior and nucleocapsid protein in the interior. Intranasal administration of two doses of this T4 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine 21 days apart induced robust mucosal immunity, in addition to strong systemic humoral and cellular immune responses. The intranasal vaccine induced broad virus neutralization antibody titers against multiple variants, Th1-biased cytokine responses, strong CD4+ and CD8+ T cell immunity, and high secretory IgA titers in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from vaccinated mice. All of these responses were much stronger in intranasally vaccinated mice than those induced by the injected vaccine. Furthermore, the nasal vaccine provided complete protection and sterilizing immunity against the mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 MA10 strain, the ancestral WA-1/2020 strain, and the most lethal Delta variant in both BALB/c and human angiotensin converting enzyme (hACE2) knock-in transgenic mouse models. In addition, the vaccine elicited virus-neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens, did not affect the gut microbiota, exhibited minimal lung lesions in vaccinated and challenged mice, and is completely stable at ambient temperature. This modular, needle-free, phage T4 mucosal vaccine delivery platform is therefore an excellent candidate for designing efficacious mucosal vaccines against other respiratory infections and for emergency preparedness against emerging epidemic and pandemic pathogens. IMPORTANCE According to the World Health Organization, COVID-19 may have caused ~15-million deaths across the globe and is still ravaging the world. Another wave of ~100 million infections is predicted in the United States due to the emergence of highly transmissible immune-escaped Omicron variants. The authorized vaccines would not prevent these transmissions since they do not trigger mucosal immunity. We circumvented this limitation by developing a needle-free, bacteriophage T4-based, mucosal vaccine. This intranasally administered vaccine generates superior mucosal immunity in mice, in addition to inducing robust humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, and provides complete protection and sterilizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The vaccine is stable, adjuvant-free, and cost-effectively manufactured and distributed, making it a strategically important next-generation COVID vaccine for ending this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingen Zhu
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Swati Jain
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jian Sha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Himanshu Batra
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Neeti Ananthaswamy
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul B. Kilgore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Emily K. Hendrix
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Yashoda M. Hosakote
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Juan P. Olano
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Adeyemi Kayode
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA
| | - Cristi L. Galindo
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA
| | - Simran Banga
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA
| | - Aleksandra Drelich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Vivian Tat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Chien-Te K. Tseng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Ashok K. Chopra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Venigalla B. Rao
- Bacteriophage Medical Research Center, Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
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32
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Evaluation and Characterization of Post-Stroke Lung Damage in a Murine Model of Cerebral Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158093. [PMID: 35897671 PMCID: PMC9329771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
After stroke and other brain injuries, there is a high incidence of respiratory complications such as pneumonia or acute lung injury. The molecular mechanisms that drive the brain-lung interaction post-stroke have not yet been elucidated. We performed transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and sham surgery on C57BL/6J mice and collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum, brain, and lung homogenate samples 24 h after surgery. A 92 proteins-panel developed by Olink Proteomics® was used to analyze the content in BALF and lung homogenates. MCAO animals had higher protein concentration levels in BALF than sham-controls, but these levels did not correlate with the infarct volume. No alteration in alveolar-capillary barrier permeability was observed. A total of 12 and 14 proteins were differentially expressed between the groups (FDR < 0.1) in BALF and lung tissue homogenates, respectively. Of those, HGF, TGF-α, and CCL2 were identified as the most relevant to this study. Their protein expression patterns were verified by ELISA. This study confirmed that post-stroke lung damage was not associated with increased lung permeability or cerebral ischemia severity. Furthermore, the dysregulation of HGF, TGF-α, and CCL2 in BALF and lung tissue after ischemia could play an important role in the molecular mechanisms underlying stroke-induced lung damage.
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33
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He F, Qiu Y, Wu X, Xia Y, Yang L, Wu C, Li P, Zhang R, Fang R, Li N, Peng Y. Slc6a13 Deficiency Attenuates Pasteurella multocida Infection-Induced Inflammation via Glycine-Inflammasome Signaling. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:107-121. [PMID: 35797984 PMCID: PMC10643921 DOI: 10.1159/000525089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that Slc6a13-deficient (Slc6a13-/-; KO) mice are resistant to P. multocida infection, which might be in connection with macrophage-mediated inflammation; however, the specific metabolic mechanism is still enigmatic. Here we reproduce the less sensitive to P. multocida infection in overall survival assays as well as reduced bacterial loads, tissue lesions, and inflammation of lungs in KO mice. The transcriptome sequencing analysis of wild-type (WT) and KO mice shows a large number of differentially expressed genes that are enriched in amino acid metabolism by functional analysis. Of note, glycine levels are substantially increased in the lungs of KO mice with or without P. multocida infection in comparison to the WT controls. Interestingly, exogenous glycine supplementation alleviates P. multocida infection-induced inflammation. Mechanistically, glycine reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages by blocking the activation of inflammasome (NALP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and Caspase-1). Together, Slc6a13 deficiency attenuates P. multocida infection through lessening the excessive inflammatory responses of macrophages involving glycine-inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenlu Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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34
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Nozari P, Mokhtari P, Nemati M, Zainodini N, Taghipour Z, Asadi F, Ayoobi F, Jafarzadeh A. Investigation of the effect of IFN-γ/TNF-α-treated mesenchymal stem cells on Th9- and Treg cell-related parameters in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:773-785. [PMID: 35620857 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2082977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Th9- and regulatory T (Treg) cells exert pro- and anti-allergic activity, respectively. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-related immunomodulatory impacts can be enhanced by inflammatory cytokines. Here, the modulatory effects of IFN-γ/TNF-α-induced MSCs on Th9- and Treg cell-related parameters were investigated using an asthma model. METHODS Allergic asthma was induced in BALB/c mice using sensitized and challenging with ovalbumin (OVA). The asthmatic groups were treated intraperitoneally with PBS, MSCs, IFN-γ-induced MSCs, TNF-α-induced MSCs and "IFN-γ + TNF-α"-induced MSCs before the challenge phase. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours after challenge. The serum IL-9 and IL-35 levels, as well as gene expression of IL-9, PU.1, IL-35-EBI3 and FOXP3 in the lung tissues were assessed using ELISA and real time-PCR, respectively. RESULTS The differences of Th9 and Treg-related parameters were not significant between untreated asthmatic mice and those treated with non-induced MSCs. In comparison with untreated asthmatic group, treatment with IFN-γ-induced MSCs significantly reduced serum IL-9 levels, reduced lung expression of IL-9 and PU.1, while increasing serum IL-35 levels as well as lung expression of FOXP3; treatment with TNF-α-induced MSCs significantly reduced serum IL-9 levels as well as lung expression of IL-9, and treatment with "IFN-γ + TNF-α"-induced MSCs significantly modulated all investigated Th9 and Treg-related parameters. In comparison to mice treated with non-induced MSCs, serum IL-9 levels were remarkably decreased in mice treated with IFN-γ-induced and "IFN-γ + TNF-α"-induced MSCs. CONCLUSIONS IFN-γ-and "IFN-γ + TNF-α" treated MSCs exerted almost comparable impacts, but were more efficient than TNF-α-exposed MSCs. Thus, IFN-γ alone can be sufficient to promote immunomodulatory effects of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Nozari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Pejman Mokhtari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Haematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nahid Zainodini
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Taghipour
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ayoobi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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35
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Speth C, Rambach G, Windisch A, Neurauter M, Maier H, Nagl M. Efficacy of Inhaled N-Chlorotaurine in a Mouse Model of Lichtheimia corymbifera and Aspergillus fumigatus Pneumonia. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050535. [PMID: 35628790 PMCID: PMC9143854 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
N-chlorotaurine (NCT) can be used topically as a well-tolerated anti-infective at different body sites. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of inhaled NCT in a mouse model of fungal pneumonia. Specific pathogen-free female C57BL/6JRj seven-week-old mice were immune-suppressed with cyclophosphamide. After 4 days, the mice were inoculated intranasally with 1.5 × 10E7 spores of Lichtheimia corymbifera or 1.0 × 10E7 spores of Aspergillus fumigatus. They were randomized and treated three times daily for 10 min with aerosolized 1% NCT or 0.9% sodium chloride starting 1 h after the inoculation. The mice were observed for survival for two weeks, and fungal load, blood inflammation parameters, bronchoalveolar lavage, and histology of organs were evaluated upon their death or at the end of this period. Inhalations were well-tolerated. After challenge with L. corymbifera, seven out of the nine mice (77.8%) survived for 15 days in the test group, which was in strong contrast to one out of the nine mice (11.1%) in the control group (p = 0.0049). The count of colony-forming units in the homogenized lung tissues came to 1.60 (1.30; 1.99; median, quartiles) log10 in the test group and to 4.26 (2.17; 4.53) log10 in the control group (p = 0.0032). Body weight and temperature, white blood count, and haptoglobin significantly improved with NCT treatment. With A. fumigatus, all the mice except for one in the test group died within 4 days without a significant difference from the control group. Inhaled NCT applied early demonstrated a highly significant curative effect in L. corymbifera pneumonia, while this could not be shown in A. fumigatus pneumonia, probably due to a too high inoculum. Nevertheless, this study for the first time disclosed efficacy of NCT in pneumonia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Speth
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Invasive Fungal Infections, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstraße 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Rambach
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Invasive Fungal Infections, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstraße 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Windisch
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Neurauter
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
| | - Hans Maier
- INNPATH GmbH-Institute of Pathology, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Markus Nagl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.S.); (G.R.); (A.W.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)512-9003-70708; Fax: +43-(0)512-9003-73700
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Jang WY, Lee HP, Kim SA, Huang L, Yoon JH, Shin CY, Mitra A, Kim HG, Cho JY. Angiopteris cochinchinensis de Vriese Ameliorates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Src Inhibition. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11101306. [PMID: 35631731 PMCID: PMC9143704 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Growing demand for treatment options against acute lung injury (ALI) emphasizes studies on plant extracts harboring anti-inflammatory effects. According to GC-MS analysis, Angiopteris cochinchinensis de Vriese consists of various flavonoids with anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, in this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of an extract of Angiopteris cochinchinensis de Vriese (Ac-EE) were assessed using RAW264.6 murine macrophages and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI model. Ac-EE reduced the nitric oxide production in murine macrophages increased by LPS induction. Moreover, protective effects of Ac-EE on lung tissue were demonstrated by shrinkage of edema and lung injury. Reduced neutrophil infiltration and formation of hyaline membranes were also detected in lung tissues after H&E staining. Semiquantitative RT-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, and ELISA showed that Ac-EE inhibits the production of proinflammatory mediators, including iNOS and COX-2, and cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. An Ac-EE-mediated anti-inflammatory response was derived from inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, which was evaluated by luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting analysis. A cellular thermal shift assay revealed that the prime target of Ac-EE in alleviating inflammation was Src. With its direct binding with Src, Angiopteris cochinchinensis de Vriese significantly mitigates lung injury, showing possibilities of its potential as an effective botanical drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Young Jang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (W.Y.J.); (H.P.L.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Hwa Pyoung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (W.Y.J.); (H.P.L.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Seung A Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (W.Y.J.); (H.P.L.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.H.); (J.H.Y.); (C.Y.S.)
| | - Ji Hye Yoon
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.H.); (J.H.Y.); (C.Y.S.)
| | - Chae Yun Shin
- Department of Biocosmetics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.H.); (J.H.Y.); (C.Y.S.)
| | - Ankita Mitra
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (W.Y.J.); (H.P.L.); (S.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.G.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7878 (H.G.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (W.Y.J.); (H.P.L.); (S.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.G.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-290-7878 (H.G.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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Siegel PM, Przewosnik AS, Wrobel J, Heidt T, Moser M, Peter K, Bode C, Diehl P, Bojti I. An activation specific anti-Mac-1 designed ankyrin repeat protein improves survival in a mouse model of acute lung injury. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6296. [PMID: 35428807 PMCID: PMC9012056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening clinical condition. The number of ARDS cases has risen dramatically recently but specific treatment options are limited. ARDS is associated with an overshooting inflammatory response and neutrophils play a central role in its pathogenesis. Neutrophils express the integrin Mac-1 on their surface which adopts a resting and activated conformation depending on leukocyte activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the unique activation-specific anti-Mac-1 DARPin 'F7' in a mouse model of ARDS. ARDS was induced by intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation and the acute (day 1-4) and chronic phase (day 5-10) were studied. After expression and purification, F7, a control DARPin and PBS, were applied daily via the intraperitoneal route. Survival and weight loss were recorded. Histological analysis of lung sections, flow cytometric leukocyte analysis of blood and bronchioalveolar lavage (BALF) were performed. Moreover, protein concentration and cytokine levels were determined in the BALF. Treatment with F7 improved survival and reduced weight loss significantly compared to treatment with the control DARPin or PBS. Neutrophil count in the BALF and peripheral blood were significantly reduced in mice treated with F7. Histology revealed significantly reduced pulmonary inflammation in the F7 treated group. Treatment with DARPin F7 inhibited neutrophil accumulation, reduced signs of local and systemic inflammation and improved survival in a mouse model of ARDS. F7 may be a novel anti-inflammatory drug candidate for the treatment of severe ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Siegel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Przewosnik
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Wrobel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timo Heidt
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Moser
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Diehl
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - István Bojti
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Deuterated Arachidonic Acid Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Damage in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040681. [PMID: 35453366 PMCID: PMC9027010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a major component of lipid bilayers as well as the key substrate for the eicosanoid cascades. ARA is readily oxidized, and its non-enzymatic and enzymatic oxidation products induce inflammatory responses in nearly all tissues, including lung tissues. Deuteration at bis-allylic positions substantially decreases the overall rate of ARA oxidation when hydrogen abstraction is an initiating event. To compare the effects of dosing of arachidonic acid (H-ARA) and its bis-allylic hexadeuterated form (D-ARA) on lungs in conventionally healthy mice and in an acute lung injury model, mice were dosed with H-ARA or D-ARA for six weeks through dietary supplementation and then challenged with intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for subsequent analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. Dosing on D-ARA resulted in successful incorporation of D-ARA into various tissues. D-ARA significantly reduced LPS-induced adverse effects on alveolar septal thickness and the bronchoalveolar area. Oral deuterated ARA is taken up efficiently and protects against adverse LPS-induced pathology. This suggests novel therapeutic avenues for reducing lung damage during severe infections and other pathological conditions with inflammation in the pulmonary system and other inflammatory diseases.
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Lawanprasert A, Simonson AW, Sumner SE, Nicol MJ, Pimcharoen S, Kirimanjeswara GS, Medina SH. Inhalable SARS-CoV-2 Mimetic Particles Induce Pleiotropic Antigen Presentation. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1158-1168. [PMID: 35080884 PMCID: PMC8806003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has caused over 5.5 million deaths worldwide, and viral mutants continue to ravage communities with limited access to injectable vaccines or high rates of vaccine hesitancy. Inhalable vaccines have the potential to address these distribution and compliance issues as they are less likely to require cold storage, avoid the use of needles, and can elicit localized immune responses with only a single dose. Alveolar macrophages represent attractive targets for inhalable vaccines as they are abundant within the lung mucosa (up to 95% of all immune cells) and are important mediators of mucosal immunity, and evidence suggests that they may be key cellular players in early Covid-19 pathogenesis. Here, we report inhalable coronavirus mimetic particles (CoMiP) designed to rapidly bind to, and be internalized by, alveolar macrophages to deliver nucleic acid-encoded viral antigens. Inspired by the SARS-CoV-2 virion structure, CoMiP carriers package nucleic acid cargo within an endosomolytic peptide envelope that is wrapped in a macrophage-targeting glycosaminoglycan coating. Through this design, CoMiP mimic several important features of the SARS-CoV-2 virion, particularly surface topography and macromolecular chemistry. As a result, CoMiP effect pleiotropic transfection of macrophages and lung epithelial cells in vitro with multiple antigen-encoding plasmids. In vivo immunization yields increased mucosal IgA levels within the respiratory tract of CoMiP vaccinated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atip Lawanprasert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
| | - Andrew W. Simonson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
| | - Sarah E. Sumner
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
| | - McKayla J. Nicol
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
| | - Sopida Pimcharoen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
| | - Girish S. Kirimanjeswara
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious
Disease, Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania 16802-4400, United States
| | - Scott H. Medina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences,
Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
16802-4400, United States
- Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-4400, United States
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40
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Rupil LL, Del Carmen Serradell M, Luján HD. Production of Oral Vaccines Based on Virus-Like Particles Pseudotyped with Protozoan-Surface Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2410:503-537. [PMID: 34914065 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1884-4_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Giardia lamblia is the only known parasite that can inhabit the harsh upper gastrointestinal tract, where most of the digestive proteases are secreted. Intestinal and free-living protozoa express surface proteins containing an extraordinarily high percentage of cysteine. These cysteine-rich variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) form a dense coat on the entire surface of Giardia trophozoites, that coat protects the parasite inside the host intestine. VSPs not only are resistant to proteolytic digestion, extreme pH and temperatures, but also stimulate host immune responses. These properties can be used to protect as well as to increase the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens for oral administration. The incorporation of VSPs onto virus-like particles bearing viral antigens allows oral administration of these vaccines, protecting the antigens from degradation and generating robust and protective immune responses. In this chapter we describe the development of this versatile vaccine platform for the generation of safe, stable, and efficient oral vaccines, including their production and validation, as well as the characterization of immune response to oral immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Lara Rupil
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Córdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marianela Del Carmen Serradell
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Córdoba, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Parasitología y Micología, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC). Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hugo Daniel Luján
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Córdoba, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Córdoba, Argentina.
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Zou B, Cao C, Fu Y, Pan D, Wang W, Kong L. Berberine Alleviates Gastroesophageal Reflux-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in a Transient Receptor Potential A1-Dependent Manner. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7464147. [PMID: 35586690 PMCID: PMC9110152 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7464147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the beneficial effect of berberine on gastroesophageal reflux-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (GERAHR) and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Coword cluster analysis and strategic coordinates were used to identify hotspots for GERAHR research, and an online tool (STRING, https://string-db.org/) was used to predict the potential relationships between proteins. Guinea pigs with chemically induced GERAHR received PBS or different berberine-based treatments to evaluate the therapeutic effect of berberine and characterize the underlying mechanism. Airway responsiveness was assessed using a plethysmography system, and protein expression was evaluated by western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and quantitative PCR analysis. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses revealed that TRP channels are hotspots of GERAHR research, and TRPA1 is related to the proinflammatory neuropeptide substance P (SP). Berberine, especially at the middle dose tested (MB, 150 mg/kg), significantly improved lung function, suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration, and protected inflammation-driven tissue damage in the lung, trachea, esophagus, and nerve tissues in GERAHR guinea pigs. MB reduced the expression of TRPA1, SP, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in evaluated organs and tissues. Meanwhile, the MB-mediated protective effects were attenuated by simultaneous TRPA1 activation. CONCLUSIONS Mechanistically, berberine was found to suppress GERAHR-induced upregulation of TRPA1, SP, and TNF-α in many tissues. Our study has highlighted the potential therapeutic value of berberine for the treatment of GERAHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zou
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chaofan Cao
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dianzhu Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lingfei Kong
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
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Liu D, Xu W, Tang Y, Cao J, Chen R, Wu D, Chen H, Su B, Xu J. Nebulization of risedronate alleviates airway obstruction and inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases via suppressing prenylation-dependent RAS/ERK/NF-κB and RhoA/ROCK1/MLCP signaling. Respir Res 2022; 23:380. [PMID: 36575527 PMCID: PMC9795678 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disorder that causes airway obstruction and lung inflammation. The first-line treatment of COPD is the bronchodilators of β2-agonists and antimuscarinic drugs, which can help control the airway obstruction, but the long-term use might render the drug tolerance. Bisphosphonates are widely used in osteoclast-mediated bone diseases treatment for decades. For drug repurposing, can delivery of a third generation of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, risedronate (RIS) ameliorate the progression of COPD? METHODS COPD rats or mice models have been established through cigarette-smoking and elastase injection, and then the animals are received RIS treatment via nebulization. Lung deposition of RIS was primarily assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The respiratory parameters of airway obstruction in COPD rats and mice were documented using plethysmography method and resistance-compliance system. RESULTS High lung deposition and bioavailability of RIS was monitored with 88.8% of RIS input dose. We found that RIS could rescue the lung function decline of airspace enlargement and mean linear intercept in the COPD lung. RIS could curb the airway obstruction by suppressing 60% of the respiratory resistance and elevating the airway's dynamic compliance, tidal volume and mid-expiratory flow. As an inhibitor of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), RIS suppresses FDPS-mediated RAS and RhoA prenylation to obstruct its membrane localization in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), leading to the inhibition of downstream ERK-MLCK and ROCK1-MLCP pathway to cause ASMCs relaxation. Additionally, RIS nebulization impeded pro-inflammatory cell accumulation, particularly macrophages infiltration in alveolar parenchyma. The NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-6 declined in microphages following RIS nebulization. Surprisingly, nebulization of RIS could overcome the tolerance of β2-agonists in COPD-rats by increasing the expression of β2 receptors. CONCLUSIONS Nebulization of RIS could alleviate airway obstruction and lung inflammation in COPD, providing a novel strategy for treating COPD patients, even those with β2-agonists tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Tang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.252957.e0000 0001 1484 5512Basic Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxue Cao
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Chen
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingwei Wu
- Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Xianju, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongpeng Chen
- Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Xianju, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Su
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.252957.e0000 0001 1484 5512School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfu Xu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Yoon Y, Seo H, Kim S, Lee Y, Rahim MDA, Lee S, Song HY. Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of Pediococcus acidilactici Isolated from Young Radish Kimchi against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1632-1642. [PMID: 34584040 PMCID: PMC9705845 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2107.07044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It affects about 10 million people each year and is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. About 2 to 3 billion people (equivalent to 1 in 3 people in the world) are infected with latent tuberculosis. Moreover, as the number of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and totally drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis continues to increase, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-tuberculosis drugs that are different from existing drugs to combat antibiotic-resistant M. tuberculosis. Against this background, we aimed to develop new anti-tuberculosis drugs using probiotics. Here, we report the anti-tuberculosis effect of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC202 isolated from young radish kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. Under coculture conditions, PMC202 inhibited the growth of M. tuberculosis. In addition, PMC202 inhibited the growth of drug-sensitive and -resistant M. tuberculosis- infected macrophages at a concentration that did not show cytotoxicity and showed a synergistic effect with isoniazid. In a 2-week, repeated oral administration toxicity study using mice, PMC202 did not cause weight change or specific clinical symptoms. Furthermore, the results of 16S rRNA-based metagenomics analysis confirmed that dysbiosis was not induced in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after oral administration of PMC202. The anti-tuberculosis effect of PMC202 was found to be related to the reduction of nitric oxide. Our findings indicate that PMC202 could be used as an anti-tuberculosis drug candidate with the potential to replace current chemicalbased drugs. However, more extensive toxicity, mechanism of action, and animal efficacy studies with clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - MD Abdur Rahim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Saebim Lee
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-41-570-2412 Fax : +82-41-577-2415 E-mail:
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Han G, Li M, Du J, Chen Y, Xu C. Nucleotide-Oligomerizing Domain-1 Activation Exaggerates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary-Like Disease in Mice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2605-2615. [PMID: 34556981 PMCID: PMC8453445 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s323616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition related to abnormal inflammatory responses. As an inflammatory driver, nucleotide-binding oligomerizing domain-1 (NOD1) is highly expressed in pulmonary inflammatory cells; however, the roles of NOD1 in COPD are unknown. Methods A COPD mouse model was established by lipopolysaccharides tracheal instillation plus cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. NOD1 activation was induced by C12-iE-DAP (iE) treatment in both control and COPD mice. Inflammatory infiltration, pulmonary histological damage and gene expression were measured to evaluate the lung function of treated mice. Results The results showed that NOD1 was up-regulated in COPD mice, which significantly exaggerated CS-induced impairment of lung function, demonstrated by increased airway resistance, functional residual capacity and pulmonary damages. Mechanistically, NOD1 activation strongly activated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and then increased inflammatory responses and promoted the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Discussion This study demonstrates that NOD1 is an important risk factor in the progression of COPD; therefore, targeting NOD1 in lung tissues is a potential strategy for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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An X, Martinez-Paniagua M, Rezvan A, Sefat SR, Fathi M, Singh S, Biswas S, Pourpak M, Yee C, Liu X, Varadarajan N. Single-dose intranasal vaccination elicits systemic and mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2. iScience 2021; 24:103037. [PMID: 34462731 PMCID: PMC8388188 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in the development and authorization of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is a need to validate vaccine platforms for broader application. The current intramuscular vaccines are designed to elicit systemic immunity without conferring mucosal immunity in the nasal compartment, which is the first barrier that SARS-CoV-2 virus breaches before dissemination to the lung. We report the development of an intranasal subunit vaccine that uses lyophilized spike protein and liposomal STING agonist as an adjuvant. This vaccine induces systemic neutralizing antibodies, IgA in the lung and nasal compartments, and T-cell responses in the lung of mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed the coordinated activation of T/B-cell responses in a germinal center-like manner within the nasal-associated lymphoid tissues, confirming its role as an inductive site to enable durable immunity. The ability to elicit immunity in the respiratory tract can prevent the establishment of infection in individuals and prevent disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue An
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Melisa Martinez-Paniagua
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Ali Rezvan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Samiur Rahman Sefat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Mohsen Fathi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Shailbala Singh
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sujit Biswas
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | | | - Cassian Yee
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Navin Varadarajan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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A simplified method for bronchoalveolar lavage in mice by orotracheal intubation avoiding tracheotomy. Biotechniques 2021; 71:534-537. [PMID: 34517774 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2021-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) represents an important method to sample immune cells and soluble substances from the lungs of humans and animals suffering from respiratory disease. The mouse is the most commonly used model organism to study lung disease. Performing BAL in mice is difficult due to their small size and the currently used method requires tracheotomy, a complex and time-consuming procedure. Here, we describe a simple alternative procedure that avoids this step. To perform the BAL, a rigid, olive tip cannula is inserted from the mouth into the trachea under visual inspection. This novel method requires minimal training, is simple, fast, inexpensive and should be useful for researchers studying mouse models of human lung disease.
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Chevalier C, Leymarie O, Sedano L, Da Costa B, Richard CA, Maisonnasse P, Réfregiers M, Jamme F, Le Goffic R. PB1-F2 amyloid-like fibers correlate with proinflammatory signaling and respiratory distress in influenza-infected mice. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100885. [PMID: 34146545 PMCID: PMC8294585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PB1-F2 is a virulence factor of influenza A virus known to increase viral pathogenicity in mammalian hosts. PB1-F2 is an intrinsically disordered protein displaying a propensity to form amyloid-like fibers. However, the correlation between PB1-F2 structures and the resulting inflammatory response is unknown. Here, we used synchrotron-coupled Fourier transform-IR and deep UV microscopies to determine the presence of PB1-F2 fibers in influenza A virus–infected mice. In order to study the correlation between PB1-F2 structure and the inflammatory response, transgenic mice expressing luciferase under the control of an NF-κB promotor, allowing in vivo monitoring of inflammation, were intranasally instilled with monomeric, fibrillated, or truncated forms of recombinant PB1-F2. Our intravital NF-κB imaging, supported by cytokine quantification, clearly shows the proinflammatory effect of PB1-F2 fibers compared with N-terminal region of PB1-F2 unable to fibrillate. It is noteworthy that instillation of monomeric PB1-F2 of H5N1 virus induced a stronger inflammatory response when compared with prefibrillated PB1-F2 of H1N1 virus, suggesting mechanisms of virulence depending on PB1-F2 sequence. Finally, using whole-body plethysmography to measure volume changes in the lungs, we quantified the effects of the different forms of PB1-F2 on respiratory parameters. Thus, we conclude that PB1-F2–induced inflammation and respiratory distress are tightly correlated with sequence polymorphism and oligomerization status of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier Leymarie
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laura Sedano
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bruno Da Costa
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - Matthieu Réfregiers
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Jamme
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ronan Le Goffic
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Impact of Influenza A Virus Shutoff Proteins on Host Immune Responses. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060629. [PMID: 34200539 PMCID: PMC8230195 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a significant human pathogen that causes seasonal epidemics. Although various types of vaccines are available, IAVs still circulate among human populations, possibly due to their ability to circumvent host immune responses. IAV expresses two host shutoff proteins, PA-X and NS1, which antagonize the host innate immune response. By transcriptomic analysis, we previously showed that PA-X is a major contributor for general shutoff, while shutoff active NS1 specifically inhibits the expression of host cytokines, MHC molecules, and genes involved in innate immunity in cultured human cells. So far, the impact of these shutoff proteins in the acquired immune response in vivo has not been determined in detail. In this study, we analyzed the effects of PA-X and NS1 shutoff activities on immune response using recombinant influenza A/California/04/2009 viruses containing mutations affecting the expression of shutoff active PA-X and NS1 in a mouse model. Our data indicate that the virus without shutoff activities induced the strongest T and B cell responses. Both PA-X and NS1 reduced host immune responses, but shutoff active NS1 most effectively suppressed lymphocyte migration to the lungs, antibody production, and the generation of IAV specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. NS1 also prevented the generation of protective immunity against a heterologous virus challenge. These data indicate that shutoff active NS1 plays a major role in suppressing host immune responses against IAV infection.
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Paget TL, Parkinson-Lawrence EJ, Trim PJ, Autilio C, Panchal MH, Koster G, Echaide M, Snel MF, Postle AD, Morrison JL, Pérez-Gil J, Orgeig S. Increased Alveolar Heparan Sulphate and Reduced Pulmonary Surfactant Amount and Function in the Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA Mouse. Cells 2021; 10:849. [PMID: 33918094 PMCID: PMC8070179 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA) is a lysosomal storage disease with significant neurological and skeletal pathologies. Respiratory dysfunction is a secondary pathology contributing to mortality in MPS IIIA patients. Pulmonary surfactant is crucial to optimal lung function and has not been investigated in MPS IIIA. We measured heparan sulphate (HS), lipids and surfactant proteins (SP) in pulmonary tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and surfactant activity in healthy and diseased mice (20 weeks of age). Heparan sulphate, ganglioside GM3 and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) were increased in MPS IIIA lung tissue. There was an increase in HS and a decrease in BMP and cholesteryl esters (CE) in MPS IIIA BALF. Phospholipid composition remained unchanged, but BALF total phospholipids were reduced (49.70%) in MPS IIIA. There was a reduction in SP-A, -C and -D mRNA, SP-D protein in tissue and SP-A, -C and -D protein in BALF of MPS IIIA mice. Captive bubble surfactometry showed an increase in minimum and maximum surface tension and percent surface area compression, as well as a higher compressibility and hysteresis in MPS IIIA surfactant upon dynamic cycling. Collectively these biochemical and biophysical changes in alveolar surfactant are likely to be detrimental to lung function in MPS IIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara L. Paget
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Group, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (T.L.P.); (E.J.P.-L.)
| | - Emma J. Parkinson-Lawrence
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Group, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (T.L.P.); (E.J.P.-L.)
| | - Paul J. Trim
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and MS-Imaging Core Facility, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.J.T.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (Imas12), Complutense University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (M.E.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Madhuriben H. Panchal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.H.P.); (G.K.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Grielof Koster
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.H.P.); (G.K.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Mercedes Echaide
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (Imas12), Complutense University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (M.E.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Marten F. Snel
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and MS-Imaging Core Facility, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.J.T.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Anthony D. Postle
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (M.H.P.); (G.K.); (A.D.P.)
| | - Janna L. Morrison
- Early Origins Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Jésus Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (Imas12), Complutense University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (M.E.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Sandra Orgeig
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Group, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (T.L.P.); (E.J.P.-L.)
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Pei M, Jiang P, Wang T, Xia C, Hou R, Sun A, Zou H. Effect of bronchoalveolar lavage on the clinical efficacy, inflammatory factors, and immune function in the treatment of refractory pneumonia in children. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:921-928. [PMID: 34012841 PMCID: PMC8107863 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refractory pneumonia is a special type of pneumonia in children. This study aimed to analyze the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on the clinical efficacy, inflammatory factors, and immune function in the treatment of pediatric refractory pneumonia. METHODS A total of 196 children with refractory pneumonia admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 were enrolled and allocated to a study group (n=99) and a control group (n=97). The study group was treated with BAL treatment plus conventional treatment, and the control group was treated with conventional treatment. The clinical efficacy, time of fever regression, time of cough relief, and length of hospital stay were compared between groups. Changes in inflammatory factors, immune function, pulmonary ventilation function, and complications were analyzed. The levels of inflammatory factors in BAL fluid were compared. RESULTS The times of fever remission, cough relief, and hospital stay of the study group was shorter than those of the control group, and the total clinical effective rate of the study group was higher. At any time after treatment, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the study group were lower than the control group. After 3-day of treatment, IL-6, CRP and TNF-α in BAL fluid in the study group were significantly decreased compared with before treatment. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in the study group were higher than those in the control group at any time after treatment, and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were lower than in the control group. The levels of oxygenation index (OI), lung dynamic compliance (Cdyn), and work of breathing (WOB) in the study group were higher than those in the control group at any time after treatment. CONCLUSIONS BAL treatment can effectively relieve the inflammatory response, improve immune function and lung ventilation function in children with refractory pneumonia. The clinical effect is remarkable and worthy of promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqing Pei
- Department of Pediatrics, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Caifeng Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Ruiying Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang, China
| | - Ailing Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, China
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