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Panahizadeh R, Vatankhah MA, Safari A, Danesh H, Nazmi N, Gholizadeh P, Soozangar N, Jeddi F. The interplay between microRNAs and Nrf2 signaling in human cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:234. [PMID: 38970040 PMCID: PMC11225148 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a class of nonprotein-coding RNAs, post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes by base pairing to 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs). Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been identified as a critical component of the antioxidant defense mechanism. Dysregulation is associated with chemoresistance and radioresistance in cancerous cells. MiRNA-mediated regulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway has been shown to have important implications for the development of various cancers. In this article, we review the roles of miRNAs as regulators of the Nrf2 pathway in different human cancers. Ras-associated binding (Rab) proteins have an essential role regulation of vesicle transport, as well as oncogenic functions in preventing chemotherapy efficacy and cancer development. More importantly, increased evidence indicated that the interaction between miRNAs and Rabs has been determined to play critical roles in cancer therapy. However, the significant limitations in using miRNAs for therapeutic applications include cross-targeting and instability of miRNAs. The detailed aspect of the interaction of miRNAs and Rabs is not clearly understood. In the current review, we highlighted the involvement of these molecules as regulators of the Nrf2 pathway in cancer pathogenesis. Potential methods and several obstacles in developing miRNAs as an anticancer therapy are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Panahizadeh
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Ali Safari
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hesam Danesh
- Department of Orthopedics, Shohada Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Nazmi
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Narges Soozangar
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jeddi
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Quan KR, Lin WR, Hong JB, Lin YH, Chen KQ, Chen JH, Cheng PJ. A machine learning approach for predicting radiation-induced hypothyroidism in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing tomotherapy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8436. [PMID: 38600141 PMCID: PMC11006930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to establish an integrated predictive model that combines clinical features, DVH, radiomics, and dosiomics features to predict RIHT in patients receiving tomotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Data from 219 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 175) and a test cohort (n = 44) in an 8:2 ratio. RIHT is defined as serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) greater than 5.6 μU/mL, with or without a decrease in free thyroxine (FT4). Clinical features, 27 DVH features, 107 radiomics features and 107 dosiomics features were extracted for each case and included in the model construction. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was used to select the most relevant features. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) was then employed to train separate models using the selected features from clinical, DVH, radiomics and dosiomics data. Finally, a combined model incorporating all features was developed. The models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis. In the test cohort, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the clinical, DVH, radiomics, dosiomics and combined models were 0.798 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.656-0.941), 0.673 (0.512-0.834), 0.714 (0.555-0.873), 0.698 (0.530-0.848) and 0.842 (0.724-0.960), respectively. The combined model exhibited higher AUC values compared to other models. The decision curve analysis demonstrated that the combined model had superior clinical utility within the threshold probability range of 1% to 79% when compared to the other models. This study has successfully developed a predictive model that combines multiple features. The performance of the combined model is superior to that of single-feature models, allowing for early prediction of RIHT in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after tomotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Run Quan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Rong Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian, China
| | - Jia-Biao Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Hao Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian, China
| | - Kai-Qiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian, China
| | - Ji-Hong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian, China.
| | - Pin-Jing Cheng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Khongwirotphan S, Oonsiri S, Kitpanit S, Prayongrat A, Kannarunimit D, Chakkabat C, Lertbutsayanukul C, Sriswasdi S, Rakvongthai Y. Multimodality radiomics for tumor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298111. [PMID: 38346058 PMCID: PMC10861073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is challenging due to late-stage identification and frequently undetectable Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. Incorporating radiomic features, which quantify tumor characteristics from imaging, may enhance prognosis assessment. PURPOSE To investigate the predictive power of radiomic features on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in NPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 183 NPC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy from 2010 to 2019 was conducted. All patients were followed for at least three years. The pretreatment CT images with contrast medium, MR images (T1W and T2W), as well as gross tumor volume (GTV) contours, were used to extract radiomic features using PyRadiomics v.2.0. Robust and efficient radiomic features were chosen using the intraclass correlation test and univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. They were then combined with clinical data including age, gender, tumor stage, and EBV DNA level for prognostic evaluation using Cox proportional hazard regression models with recursive feature elimination (RFE) and were optimized using 20 repetitions of a five-fold cross-validation scheme. RESULTS Integrating radiomics with clinical data significantly enhanced the predictive power, yielding a C-index of 0.788 ± 0.066 to 0.848 ± 0.079 for the combined model versus 0.745 ± 0.082 to 0.766 ± 0.083 for clinical data alone (p<0.05). Multimodality radiomics combined with clinical data offered the highest performance. Despite the absence of EBV DNA, radiomics integration significantly improved survival predictions (C-index ranging from 0.770 ± 0.070 to 0.831 ± 0.083 in combined model versus 0.727 ± 0.084 to 0.734 ± 0.088 in clinical model, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combination of multimodality radiomic features from CT and MR images could offer superior predictive performance for OS, PFS, and DMFS compared to relying on conventional clinical data alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sararas Khongwirotphan
- Department of Radiological Technology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sornjarod Oonsiri
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarin Kitpanit
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anussara Prayongrat
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Danita Kannarunimit
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chakkapong Chakkabat
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Lertbutsayanukul
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sira Sriswasdi
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Computational Molecular Biology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yothin Rakvongthai
- Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Tavakolian S, Tabaeian SP, Namazi A, Faghihloo E, Akbari A. Role of the VEGF in virus-associated cancers. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2493. [PMID: 38078693 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The role of numerous risk factors, including consumption of alcohol, smoking, having diet high in fat and sugar and many other items, on caner progression cannot be denied. Viral diseases are one these factors, and they can initiate some signalling pathways causing cancer. For example, they can be effective on providing oxygen and nutrients by inducing VEGF expression. In this review article, we summarised the mechanisms of angiogenesis and VEGF expression in cancerous tissues which are infected with oncoviruses (Epstein-Barr virus, Human papillomavirus infection, Human T-lymphotropic virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaian Tavakolian
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Namazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lefebvre A, Trioën C, Renaud S, Laine W, Hennart B, Bouchez C, Leroux B, Allorge D, Kluza J, Werkmeister E, Grolez GP, Delhem N, Moralès O. Extracellular vesicles derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma induce the emergence of mature regulatory dendritic cells using a galectin-9 dependent mechanism. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12390. [PMID: 38117000 PMCID: PMC10731827 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma-derived small extracellular vesicles (NPCSEVs) have an immunosuppressive impact on the tumour microenvironment. In this study, we investigated their influence on the generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells and the potential involvement of the galectin-9 (Gal9) they carry in this process. We analysed the phenotype and immunosuppressive properties of NPCSEVs and explored the ability of DCs exposed to NPCSEVs (NPCSEV-DCs) to regulate T cell proliferation. To assess their impact at the pathophysiological level, we performed real-time fluorescent chemoattraction assays. Finally, we analysed phenotype and immunosuppressive functions of NPCSEV-DCs using a proprietary anti-Gal9 neutralising antibody to assess the role of Gal9 in this effect. We described that NPCSEV-DCs were able to inhibit T cell proliferation despite their mature phenotype. These mature regulatory DCs (mregDCs) have a specific oxidative metabolism and secrete high levels of IL-4. Chemoattraction assays revealed that NPCSEVs could preferentially recruit NPCSEV-DCs. Finally, and very interestingly, the reduction of the immunosuppressive function of NPCSEV-DCs using an anti-Gal9 antibody clearly suggested an important role for vesicular Gal9 in the induction of mregDCs. These results revealed for the first time that NPCSEVs promote the emergence of mregDCs using a galectin-9 dependent mechanism and open new perspectives for antitumour immunotherapy targeting NPCSEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | - Camille Trioën
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | - Sarah Renaud
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | - William Laine
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020‐U1277 ‐ CANTHER ‐ Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesLilleFrance
| | | | - Clément Bouchez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | - Bertrand Leroux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | | | - Jérôme Kluza
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020‐U1277 ‐ CANTHER ‐ Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesLilleFrance
| | - Elisabeth Werkmeister
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 – UAR 2014 – PLBSLilleFrance
| | - Guillaume Paul Grolez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | - Nadira Delhem
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
| | - Olivier Moralès
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille U1189 – ONCO‐THAI – Assisted Laser Therapy and Immunotherapy for OncologyLilleFrance
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020‐U1277 ‐ CANTHER ‐ Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesLilleFrance
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Haji Noor Mohamed NM, S. M. N. Mydin RB, Che Halim H, Musa MY. A Systematic Review on Clinico-Aetiopathological Trends of Nasopharyngeal Cancer in Asia. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:4151-4157. [PMID: 37974670 PMCID: PMC10645848 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of malignancy that is highly prevalent in Asian countries. Therefore, an understanding between NPC epidemiological trend, the clinico-pathological and aetiological profiles are needed. This systematic review focuses on asian countries demographic and clinico-pathological presentation reported in 9982 NPC cases diagnosed from the year 2010 to 2021. METHODOLOGY Data were extracted from databases, such as PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct, Google Scholar and general search engines, by using pre-determined keywords (e.g. clinico-pathological data, age, sex, tumour stage, nasopharyngeal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, naso-pharynx and cancer in Asia). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Findings from our systematic review shows that from 2010 to 2021, males in age range below 50 years old are at a higher risk of developing NPC in Asia. NPC is mostly diagnosed at advanced stage in Asia, which is likely due to the deep-seated location of the cancer. Type III NPC and EBV proteins (EBNA1 and LMP2A) are frequently associated with reported EBV-positive NPC cases in Asian countries. Meanwhile, NPC type I, II, and III are associated with EBV-negative NPC cases in Asia. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles (A2, B27, and B46) are frequently present in reported EBV-negative NPC cases in Asia. In Asia, males below 50 years old are more prone to NPC and often diagnosed at late stage. EBV-positive and EBV-negative NPC in Asia have unique histological profiles. Systemic approach of this study may help to provide better knowledge on reported NPC cases especially on the risk factors and clinical presentation focusing in Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Mazidah Haji Noor Mohamed
- Department of Biomedical Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200 Malaysia
| | - Rabiatul Basria S. M. N. Mydin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200 Malaysia
- School of Distant Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, 11800 Malaysia
| | - Hanani Che Halim
- School of Distant Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, 11800 Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Yusri Musa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200 Malaysia
- Pusat Perubatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Bertam, 13200 Pulau Pinang Malaysia
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Tan DJY, Ko TK, Fan KS. The Readability and Quality of Web-Based Patient Information on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Quantitative Content Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e47762. [PMID: 38010802 DOI: 10.2196/47762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare disease that is strongly associated with exposure to the Epstein-Barr virus and is characterized by the formation of malignant cells in nasopharynx tissues. Early diagnosis of NPC is often difficult owing to the location of initial tumor sites and the nonspecificity of initial symptoms, resulting in a higher frequency of advanced-stage diagnoses and a poorer prognosis. Access to high-quality, readable information could improve the early detection of the disease and provide support to patients during disease management. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the quality and readability of publicly available web-based information in the English language about NPC, using the most popular search engines. METHODS Key terms relevant to NPC were searched across 3 of the most popular internet search engines: Google, Yahoo, and Bing. The top 25 results from each search engine were included in the analysis. Websites that contained text written in languages other than English, required paywall access, targeted medical professionals, or included nontext content were excluded. Readability for each website was assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease score and the Flesch-Kincaid grade level. Website quality was assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and DISCERN tools as well as the presence of a Health on the Net Foundation seal. RESULTS Overall, 57 suitable websites were included in this study; 26% (15/57) of the websites were academic. The mean JAMA and DISCERN scores of all websites were 2.80 (IQR 3) and 57.60 (IQR 19), respectively, with a median of 3 (IQR 2-4) and 61 (IQR 49-68), respectively. Health care industry websites (n=3) had the highest mean JAMA score of 4 (SD 0). Academic websites (15/57, 26%) had the highest mean DISCERN score of 77.5. The Health on the Net Foundation seal was present on only 1 website, which also achieved a JAMA score of 3 and a DISCERN score of 50. Significant differences were observed between the JAMA score of hospital websites and the scores of industry websites (P=.04), news service websites (P<.048), charity and nongovernmental organization websites (P=.03). Despite being a vital source for patients, general practitioner websites were found to have significantly lower JAMA scores compared with charity websites (P=.05). The overall mean readability scores reflected an average reading age of 14.3 (SD 1.1) years. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest an inconsistent and suboptimal quality of information related to NPC on the internet. On average, websites presented readability challenges, as written information about NPC was above the recommended reading level of sixth grade. As such, web-based information requires improvement in both quality and accessibility, and healthcare providers should be selective about information recommended to patients, ensuring they are reliable and readable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Jia Yun Tan
- Department of Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Tsz Ki Ko
- Department of Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Ka Siu Fan
- Department of Surgery, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
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Yu L. Bibliometric analysis connecting discrete studies in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and predict future research trends. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:1891-1894. [PMID: 37701112 PMCID: PMC10493781 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
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9
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Nguyen TG, Kieu HD, Truong DTT, Ngo KX, Ikeda S, Le NT. Exclusive waterpipe smoking and the risk of nasopharynx cancer in Vietnamese men, a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13237. [PMID: 37580413 PMCID: PMC10425396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is carcinogenic to humans. Besides cigarettes, the most common form of tobacco smoking, there was sparse evidence of waterpipe's carcinogenicity-induced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). This study investigated the association between waterpipe smoking and NPC mortality. Our study followed up with 20,144 eligible man participants from nine northern Vietnam communes between 2007 and 2019. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to gather data on exclusive waterpipe and cigarette smoking and dietary intake using structured semi-quantitative food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires. Nasopharyngeal cancer was determined by accessing the medical records at the state health facilities. We estimated the Cox proportional hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals, HR (95% CI). The proportion of never smokers, exclusive waterpipe, exclusive cigarette, and dual waterpipe and cigarette smokers was 55.8%, 14.5%, 16.6%, and 13.1%, respectively. Exclusively waterpipe smokers increased the risk of NPC death compared to exclusively cigarette smokers, HR (95% CI): 4.51 (1.25, 16.31), p = 0.022. A dose-dependent positive relationship between NPC and exclusive waterpipe smoking was significantly seen for higher intensity HR (95% CI): 1.35 (1.07, 1.71), earlier age of smoking initiation HR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.06, 1.50), longer duration HR (95% CI): 1.31 (1.04, 1.66), and the cumulative number of a smoke lifetime HR (95% CI): 1.37 (1.08, 1.74). We observed a significant positive association between exclusive waterpipe smoking and NPC in men. The findings suggested that waterpipe smoking is likely more harmful than cigarettes in developing this cancer. A firm tobacco control against waterpipe smoking is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinh Gia Nguyen
- School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Hung Dinh Kieu
- Department of Surgery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Thi Truong
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Khoa Xuan Ngo
- Department of Anatomy, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Shunya Ikeda
- Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Ngoan Tran Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.
- Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Melariri H, Els T, Oyedele O, Suttle TK, Bermosky KT, De Freitas A, Murtaza A, Moosajee M, Melariri PE. Prevalence of locoregional recurrence and survival post-treatment of head and neck cancers in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 59:101964. [PMID: 37125401 PMCID: PMC10139903 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent cancers of the head and neck are associated with poor survival outcome. Yet, their burden in Africa is not reliably known. We therefore aimed to estimate the prevalence of recurrence and the 5-year overall survival among patients treated for head and neck cancers (HNC) in Africa. Method In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched four electronic databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) and the grey literature for studies reporting the prevalence of HNC recurrence and 5-year overall survival post treatment, published between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2022. We contacted corresponding authors of relevant studies. Searches were extended to reference lists of review articles and other relevant sources for potentially eligible studies. Each record was assessed for inclusion or exclusion by two independent reviewers. Records with individual-level data on recurrence and survival conducted in Africa were included while exclusion was based on the study design and availability of relevant data. Data were independently extracted by three reviewers from eligible studies, and summary estimates were sought. Our primary outcomes were recurrence and 5-year overall survival of patients who have been treated for HNC, and our secondary outcomes included risk factors, tumor site, squamous cell histology, clinical stage of tumor, and treatment options received. Only records selected for primary outcomes were assessed for secondary outcome data extraction. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for each outcome. Meta-regression models were used in addressing sample heterogeneity among the studies. Protocol for this study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022372307. Findings This systematic review and meta-analysis returned 3998 records, yielding 28 included studies after exclusion. Eighteen studies reported on the prevalence of HNC recurrence while 24 articles reported on the 5-year overall survival. Of the pooled total study population, 7199 (70.5%) of 10,218 patients were males while 2603 (25.5%) were females. We found that the prevalence of HNC recurrence was 15.4% (I2 = 96.2%; 95% CI: 9.5-22.3; n = 3214; k = 18), and the 5-year overall survival was 54.4% (I2 = 99.5%; 95% CI: 40.1-68.4; n = 9798; k = 24). We also found that the prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption as risk factors for HNC were 42.6% (I2 = 98.8%; 95% CI: 25.2-61.0; n = 4374; k = 15) and 35.8% (I2 = 98.9%; 95% CI: 21.7-51.4; n = 4110; k = 11) respectively. The pooled current prevalence for advanced HNC (clinical stages III-IV) was 80.0% (I2 = 99.2%; 95% CI: 68.6-89.5; n = 7624; k = 18) compared to 12.2% (I2 = 96.4%; 95% CI: 6.2-19.8; n = 7624; k = 18) in early disease (clinical stages I-II). Interpretation The results showed significantly high prevalence of cancer recurrence, poor 5-year overall survival and very high prevalence of advanced cancers at time of diagnosis. This study provides robust evidence for strategies towards prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of HNC to improve patients' outcome in the African continent. Funding This study was not supported by any funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Melariri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
- Corresponding author. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Buckingham Road, Mount Croix, Gqeberha, South Africa.
| | - Timothy Els
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Opeoluwa Oyedele
- Department of Computing, Mathematical, and Statistical Sciences, School of Science, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Tessa K. Suttle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Kim Theresa Bermosky
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Adelaide De Freitas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Livingstone Tertiary Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Amir Murtaza
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Mohamed Moosajee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Paula E. Melariri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
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11
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Tajik F, Alian F, Yousefi M, Azadfallah A, Hoseini A, Mohammadi F, Karimi-Dehkordi M, Alizadeh-Fanalou S. MicroRNA-372 acts as a double-edged sword in human cancers. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15991. [PMID: 37251909 PMCID: PMC10208947 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are non-coding, single-stranded, endogenous RNAs that regulate various biological processes, most notably the pathophysiology of many human malignancies. It process is accomplished by binding to 3'-UTR mRNAs and controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. As an oncogene, miRNAs can either accelerate cancer progression or slow it down as a tumor suppressor. MicroRNA-372 (miR-372) has been found to have an abnormal expression in numerous human malignancies, implying that the miRNA plays a role in carcinogenesis. It is both increased and downregulated in various cancers, and it serves as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene. This study examines the functions of miR-372 as well as the LncRNA/CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA signaling pathways in various malignancies and analyses its potential prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Tajik
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Azadfallah
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Aref Hoseini
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Forogh Mohammadi
- Department of Veterinary, Agriculture Faculty, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Karimi-Dehkordi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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12
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Chen H, Shi X, Ren L, Wan Y, Zhuo H, Zeng L, SangDan W, Wang F. Screening of core genes and prediction of ceRNA regulation mechanism of circRNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by bioinformatics analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1610960. [PMID: 37056700 PMCID: PMC10086187 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1610960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a highly aggressive malignant tumor. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulation is a common regulatory mechanism in tumors. The ceRNA network links the functions between mRNAs and ncRNAs, thus playing an important regulatory role in diseases. This study screened the potential key genes in NPC and predicted regulatory mechanisms using bioinformatics analysis.Methods: The merged microarray data of three NPC-related mRNA expression microarrays from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the expression data of tumor samples or normal samples from the nasopharynx and tonsil in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were both subjected to differential analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). The results from two different databases were intersected with WGCNA results to obtain potential regulatory genes in NPC, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analyses. The hub-gene in candidate genes was discerned through Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis and its upstream regulatory mechanism was predicted by miRwalk and circbank databases.Results: Totally 68 upregulated genes and 96 downregulated genes in NPC were screened through GEO and TCGA. According to WGCNA, the NPC-related modules were screened from GEO and TCGA analysis results, and the genes in the modules were obtained. After the results of differential analysis and WGCNA were intersected, 74 differentially expressed candidate genes associated with NPC were discerned. Finally, fibronectin 1 (FN1) was identified as a hub-gene in NPC. Prediction of upstream regulatory mechanisms of FN1 suggested that FN1 may be regulated by ceRNA mechanisms involving multiple circRNAs, thereby influencing NPC progression through ceRNA regulation.Conclusion: FN1 is identified as a key regulator in NPC development and is likely to be regulated by numerous circRNA-mediated ceRNA mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongMin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - XiaoXiao Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - YuMing Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - HongYu Zhuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - WangMu SangDan
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China, Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Wang,
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Wu L, Zhou Y, Fu J. KIAA1429 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression by Mediating m6A Modification of PTGS2. Crit Rev Immunol 2023; 43:15-27. [PMID: 37830191 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of a N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase KIAA1429 participates in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers except for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study is aimed to explore the function of KIAA1429 in NPC progression. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to confirm the mRNA expression in NPC by bioinformatic analysis. The levels of KIAA1429 and PTGS2 was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. To investigate the effects of KIAA1429/PTGS2 knockdown or overexpression vectors on NPC cell malignancy, cell and animal experiments were performed. Finally, MeRIP and mRNA stability assays were used to verify the m6A modification and mRNA stability, respectively. KIAA1429 was upregulated in NPC tissues and cells. After transfecting KIAA1429 knockdown or overexpression vectors in NPC cells, we proved that KIAA1429 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth, whereas KIAA1429 knockdown showed the opposite effect. Our results also indicated that KIAA1429 mediated m6A modification of PTGS2, enhancing PTGS2 mRNA stability in NPC cells. In addition, PTGS2 could also regulate the effects of KIAA1429 on NPC cell malignancy. This study confirmed the oncogenic function of KIAA1429 in NPC through m6A-modification of PTGS2, suggesting that targeting KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification of PTGS2 might provide a new therapeutic strategy for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Airborne Army Hospital, Wuhan 430012, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanhong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Airborne Army Hospital, Wuhan 430012, Hubei, China
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14
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Lu WY, Lin CW, Hsin CH, Lee CY, Huang JY, Yang SF, Lin HY. Association of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the subsequent open glaucoma development: a nationwide cohort study. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:702-708. [PMID: 37213671 PMCID: PMC10198144 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and following open angle glaucoma (OAG). A retrospective research applying the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan was conducted with a follow up period from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2016. There were 4184 and 16736 participants that selected and categorized into the NPC and non-NPC groups after exclusion. The major outcome of our study was the development of OAG according to diagnostic codes, exam and managements. The Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of OAG between the two groups. In this study, a numbers of 151 and 513 OAG episodes occurred in the NPC and non-NPC groups and the NPC population showed a significantly higher incidence of OAG compared to the non-NPC population in multivariable analysis (aHR: 1.293, 95% CI: 1.077-1.551, p = 0.0057). Besides, the cumulative probability of OAG was significantly higher in the NPC group than that in the non-NPC population (p = 0.0041). About other risk factor for OAG, age older than 40 years old, diabetes mellitus and persistent steroid usage were related to OAG occurrence (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, the NPC may be an independent risk factor of following OAG development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Lu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Hsin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Shun-Fa Yang, PhD. and Hung-Yu Lin, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. E mail: (Shun-Fa Yang); (Hung-Yu Lin)
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Shun-Fa Yang, PhD. and Hung-Yu Lin, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. E mail: (Shun-Fa Yang); (Hung-Yu Lin)
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15
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Chen CT, Yang SF, Chao SC, Lee CY, Huang JY, Lin HY. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Effect on Dry Eye Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:387. [PMID: 36612710 PMCID: PMC9819044 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and dry eye disease (DED) using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, and patients with an NPC diagnosis were included. Next, one NPC patient was matched to four non-NPC participants via demographic data and systemic comorbidities. In total, 4184 and 16,736 participants were enrolled in the NPC and non-NPC groups, respectively. The primary outcome was the development of DED one year after the diagnosis of NPC. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of DED. In this study, 717 and 2225 DED cases were found in the NPC and non-NPC groups, respectively, and the NPC group showed a significantly higher incidence of DED development compared to the non-NPC group (aHR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.33−1.58, p < 0.0001) in the multivariable analysis. The other covariates that were positively correlated with DED development included age over 40 years, an education level higher than senior high school, hypertension, DM, allergic pulmonary diseases, allergic otolaryngologic diseases, and allergic dermatological diseases (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, the presence of NPC is an independent risk factor for subsequent DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Tai Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Yuan Pei University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 41265, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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16
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The Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Effect on the Infectious Eye Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235745. [PMID: 36497227 PMCID: PMC9736111 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential correlation between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and both infectious keratitis and orbital cellulitis. The retrospective cohort study used the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) as a data source. A total number of 4184 patients with NPC diagnosis were selected and matched to 16,736 non-NPC patients via the propensity-score matching (PSM). The main outcomes are the development of infectious keratitis and orbital cellulitis according to diagnostic codes and related medications. The Cox proportional hazard regression was adopted to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of outcomes between the two groups. A total of 35 and 19 episodes of orbital cellulitis occurred in the NPC and non-NPC groups and the aHR was significantly higher in the NPC group (aHR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.23−1.46, p = 0.0024). There were 2185 and 659 events of infectious keratitis in the NPC and non-NPC groups, and the NPC group revealed a significantly higher aHR than non-NPC group (aHR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.23−1.46, p < 0.0001). Besides, the cumulative probability of infectious keratitis was significantly higher in the NPC group than the non-NPC group (p < 0.0001). The other risk factors of infectious keratitis include age from 20 to 30 years old, allergic respiratory diseases, allergic dermatological diseases, and external eye diseases (all p < 0.0001). In subgroup analyses, both the incidences of infectious keratitis (aHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.21−1.47) and orbital cellulitis (aHR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.27−4.39) were significantly higher than the non-NPC group. The incidence of infectious keratitis was significantly higher in NPC patients without radiotherapy (aHR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.26−1.55) compared to non-NPC population, while the rate of orbital cellulitis was similar between the NPC patients without radiotherapy (aHR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.27−2.14) and non-NPC population. In conclusion, the existence of NPC associates with higher incidence of infectious keratitis which increases with NPC period, and the radiotherapy may be account for the higher rate of orbital cellulitis in NPC population.
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How EBV Infects: The Tropism and Underlying Molecular Mechanism for Viral Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112372. [PMID: 36366470 PMCID: PMC9696472 DOI: 10.3390/v14112372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a variety of human malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric cancers. EBV infection is crucial for the oncogenesis of its host cells. The prerequisite for the establishment of infection is the virus entry. Interactions of viral membrane glycoproteins and host membrane receptors play important roles in the process of virus entry into host cells. Current studies have shown that the main tropism for EBV are B cells and epithelial cells and that EBV is also found in the tumor cells derived from NK/T cells and leiomyosarcoma. However, the process of EBV infecting B cells and epithelial cells significantly differs, relying on heterogenous glycoprotein-receptor interactions. This review focuses on the tropism and molecular mechanism of EBV infection. We systematically summarize the key molecular events that mediate EBV cell tropism and its entry into target cells and provide a comprehensive overview.
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Ji L, Mao R, Wu J, Ge C, Xiao F, Xu X, Xie L, Gu X. Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Discrimination on MRI by Comparison of Hierarchical and Simple Layered Convolutional Neural Networks. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102478. [PMID: 36292167 PMCID: PMC9601165 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers. Early diagnosis plays a critical role in the treatment of NPC. To aid diagnosis, deep learning methods can provide interpretable clues for identifying NPC from magnetic resonance images (MRI). To identify the optimal models, we compared the discrimination performance of hierarchical and simple layered convolutional neural networks (CNN). Retrospectively, we collected the MRI images of patients and manually built the tailored NPC image dataset. We examined the performance of the representative CNN models including shallow CNN, ResNet50, ResNet101, and EfficientNet-B7. By fine-tuning, shallow CNN, ResNet50, ResNet101, and EfficientNet-B7 achieved the precision of 72.2%, 94.4%, 92.6%, and 88.4%, displaying the superiority of deep hierarchical neural networks. Among the examined models, ResNet50 with pre-trained weights demonstrated the best classification performance over other types of CNN with accuracy, precision, and an F1-score of 0.93, 0.94, and 0.93, respectively. The fine-tuned ResNet50 achieved the highest prediction performance and can be used as a potential tool for aiding the diagnosis of NPC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second People’s Hospital of Changzhou Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Rongzhi Mao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second People’s Hospital of Changzhou Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Cheng Ge
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second People’s Hospital of Changzhou Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (L.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Liangxu Xie
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (L.X.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiaofeng Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second People’s Hospital of Changzhou Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (L.X.); (X.G.)
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Xu L, Ma Y, Fang C, Peng Z, Gao F, Moll JM, Qin S, Yu Q, Hou Y, Kristiansen K, Fang W, Brix S, Zhang L. Genomic and microbial factors affect the prognosis of anti-pd-1 immunotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:953884. [PMID: 36059644 PMCID: PMC9428750 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.953884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies targeting the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) molecule have been reported to hold promising antitumor activities in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, only a small subset of NPC patients benefits from the anti-PD-1 monotherapy and factors that affect the treatment response need further investigation. This study aimed to examine the impact of multiple genetic and environmental factors on outcome of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by identifying tumor size, tumor mutation burden (TMB) based on whole exon sequencing, human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) homo-/heterozygosity and supertypes, blood Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load, T cell proportions, and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) levels in a cohort of 57 NPC patients that received Nivolumab or Camrelizumab treatment. Moreover, we profiled the longitudinal changes in gut microbiota composition using shotgun metagenomics sequencing. We observed that high TMB combined with HLA-I heterozygosity was associated with improved clinical outcomes. In agreement with previous studies, we found that patients with higher plasma EBV DNA load showed worse progression-free survival. We found no evidence for an effect of gut bacterial diversity on the treatment response, but identified a higher abundance of seven specific gut bacteria at baseline of non-responders, including Blautia wexlera and Blautia obeum, as well as four other bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order, and one Erysipelatoclostridium. Combined, this study provides insight into the influence of several genetic and environmental factors on anti-PD-1 immunotherapy responses in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Latvia MGI Tech SIA, Marupe, Latvia
| | - Yuxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhuobing Peng
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Janne Marie Moll
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Qichao Yu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Latvia MGI Tech SIA, Marupe, Latvia
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Metagenomics, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Karsten Kristiansen, ; Wenfeng Fang, ; Susanne Brix, ; Li Zhang,
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Karsten Kristiansen, ; Wenfeng Fang, ; Susanne Brix, ; Li Zhang,
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Institute of Metagenomics, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Karsten Kristiansen, ; Wenfeng Fang, ; Susanne Brix, ; Li Zhang,
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Karsten Kristiansen, ; Wenfeng Fang, ; Susanne Brix, ; Li Zhang,
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Zhou H, Zhang N. miR-212-5p inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by targeting METTL3. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1241-1251. [PMID: 35892080 PMCID: PMC9281587 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of microRNA-212-5p (miR-212-5p) on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Microarray datasets (EXP00394 and EXP00660) were downloaded from the dbDEMC database, and the differentially expressed microRNAs between high-grade and low-grade NPC were analyzed. miR-212-5p and methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) expression levels in NPC tissues and cells were determined by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Besides, the relationship between miR-212-5p expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients was analyzed by the Chi-square test. Cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, and flow cytometry were adopted to detect the effect of miR-212-5p on the cell proliferation and apoptosis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analysis were performed to explore the potential biological functions and the signal pathways related to the target genes of miR-212-5p. Bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay were used to verify the relationship between miR-212-5p and METTL3 3' untranslated region. Besides, western blot was adopted to detect the expression of METTL3. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to analyze the downstream pathways in which METTL3 was enriched. It was found that miR-212-5p was downregulated in NPC tissues, and the low miR-212-5p expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and poor differentiation. miR-212-5p overexpression inhibited the growth and promoted apoptosis of NPC cells; miR-212-5p inhibition functioned oppositely. Mechanistically, miR-212-5p inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of NPC cells via suppressing METTL3 expression. miR-212-5p/METTL3 was associated with processes of RNA transport and cell cycle. In conclusion, miR-212-5p inhibits the progression of NPC by targeting METTL3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430033, Hubei, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430033, Hubei, China
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21
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Ginting HIS, Farhat F, Sari MI. The Serological Examination of Immunoglobulin A Anti-Early Antigen of Epstein–Barr Virus (Anti-EA EBV IgA) in the Nias Tribe Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.7025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a health problem associated with malignancies of the ear, nose, and throat. The main pathogenesis of NPC is Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. The signs and symptoms of NPC are non-specific, causing the occurrence of delay in diagnosis leading to treatment failure. The early detection based on the NPC profile using immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies against the early antigen (EA) can be done, but many factors affect anti-EA EBV IgA levels, one of which is ethnicity.
AIM: This study aimed to compare levels of anti-EA EBV IgA in NPC patients and non-NPC in the Nias tribe.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was cross-sectional involving 29 NPC patients and 29 non-NPC in the Nias tribe. The subjects of the study were blood tests to measure the levels of anti-EA EBV IgA by a serological test. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test.
RESULTS: The results showed that the mean value of anti-EA EBV IgA levels is 246.22 ± 320.05 U/mL and the proportion of positive serology tests is 55.2% in NPC patients. The mean value of anti-EA EBV IgA levels is 51.79 ± 1.55 U/mL and the proportion of positive serology tests is 10.3% in non-NPC. The comparison of mean anti-EA EBV IgA between NPC patients and non-NPC was significant (p < 0.001). The comparison of positive and negative serology tests of anti-EA EBV IgA between NPC patients and non-NPC was significant (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The serology tests of anti-EA EBV IgA play a role in differentiating NPC patients from non-NPC, so it can be useful as a screening tool for NPC in the Nias tribe.
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22
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Kim TH, Lee SW. Therapeutic Application of Genome Editing Technologies in Viral Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5399. [PMID: 35628210 PMCID: PMC9140762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections can be fatal and consequently, they are a serious threat to human health. Therefore, the development of vaccines and appropriate antiviral therapeutic agents is essential. Depending on the virus, it can cause an acute or a chronic infection. The characteristics of viruses can act as inhibiting factors for the development of appropriate treatment methods. Genome editing technology, including the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), is a technology that can directly target and modify genomic sequences in almost all eukaryotic cells. The development of this technology has greatly expanded its applicability in life science research and gene therapy development. Research on the use of this technology to develop therapeutics for viral diseases is being conducted for various purposes, such as eliminating latent infections or providing resistance to new infections. In this review, we will look at the current status of the development of viral therapeutic agents using genome editing technology and discuss how this technology can be used as a new treatment approach for viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyeong Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Seong-Wook Lee
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Omics, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea
- R&D Center, Rznomics Inc., Seongnam 13486, Korea
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23
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Yeh CF, Chin YC, Hung W, Huang PI, Lan MY. Vertebral artery stenosis predicts cerebrovascular diseases following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:5821-5830. [PMID: 35357575 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) may induce cerebrovascular diseases including ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), which can cause severe disability. However, information on the incidence and predictors of cerebrovascular diseases is scarce. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases following NPC, and attempts to ascertain the predictors of cerebrovascular diseases to facilitate early prevention. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study on 655 NPC patients who received radiotherapy between 2006 and 2018 in a medical center. This study analyzed the incidence, clinical and imaging presentation of patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify risk factors associated with cerebrovascular diseases following radiotherapy. RESULTS There were 14 patients who developed an ischemic stroke, and 3 patients developed a TIA after a mean follow-up of 5.8 years. Most ischemic events were from large-artery atherosclerosis (76.5%), and the most common symptom of ischemic stroke was unilateral limb weakness (57.1%). The cumulative incidence of ischemic stroke or TIA 15 years after radiotherapy was 9.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.7-17.2%). Multivariate Cox regression identified vertebral artery stenosis (HR: 18.341; 95% CI = 3.907-86.100; P < 0.001), atrial fibrillation (HR: 13.314; 95% CI = 1.306-135.764; P = 0.029), and hypertension (HR: 7.511; 95% CI = 1.472-38.320; P = 0.015) as independent predictors of ischemic stroke or TIA. CONCLUSION Our study found that NPC patients with vertebral artery stenosis, atrial fibrillation, or hypertension carry a higher risk for ischemic stroke or TIA. Regular assessment of vertebral artery after radiotherapy was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Fu Yeh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Wei Hung
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Huang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ying Lan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
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24
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Zhao Y, Li C, Zhang Y, Li Z. CircTMTC1 contributes to nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through targeting miR-495-MET-eIF4G1 translational regulation axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:250. [PMID: 35301291 PMCID: PMC8930977 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common primary malignancy arising from the epithelial cells of nasopharynx. CircTMTC1 is upregulated in NPC patients, but its role and molecular mechanism in NPC are unknown. Normal nasopharyngeal epithelium and tumor tissues were collected. The expression of circTMTC1, miR-495, MET/eIF4G1 pathway-related molecules were examined. Colony formation and transwell assays were used to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Gene interaction was examined by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase activity assays. Subcutaneous and intravenous xenograft mouse models were established to analyze NPC growth and metastasis in vivo. CircTMTC1 was highly expressed and miR-495 was downregulated in NPC, which were associated with poor prognosis of NPC. Both circTMTC1 knockdown and miR-495 overexpression inhibited NPC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted cell apoptosis. CircTMTC1 directly targeted miR-495 to promote the expression of its downstream target gene MET. miR-495 knockdown enhanced the expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, and survivin and accelerated NPC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT through targeting MET and activating the MET-eIF4G1 axis. CircTMTC1 silence inhibited NPC growth and lung metastasis by targeting the miR-495-MET-eIF4G1 translational regulation axis in vivo. CircTMTC1 accelerates NPC progression through targeting miR-495 and consequently activating the MET-eIF4G1 translational regulation axis, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, P. R. China.
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The pro-tumorigenic activity of p38γ overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:210. [PMID: 35246508 PMCID: PMC8897421 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It is urgent to identify and validate biomarkers for early diagnosis and efficient treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent studies have proposed p38 gamma (p38γ) as a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-like kinase that phosphorylates retinoblastoma (Rb) to promote cyclins expression and tumorigenesis. Here the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database and results from the local NPC tissues demonstrate that p38γ is significantly upregulated in NPC tissues, correlating with poor overall survival. Furthermore, p38γ mRNA and protein expression is elevated in established NPC cell lines (CNE-1 HONE-1 and CNE-2) and primary human NPC cells, but low expression detected in human nasal epithelial cells. In established and primary NPC cells, p38γ depletion, using the shRNA strategy or the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method, largely inhibited cell growth, proliferation and migration, and induced significant apoptosis activation. Contrarily, ectopic p38γ overexpression exerted opposite activity and promoted NPC cell proliferation and migration. Retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation and cyclin E1/A expression were decreased in NPC cells with p38γ silencing or knockout, but increased after p38γ overexpression. Moreover, mitochondrial subcellular p38γ localization was detected in NPC cells. Significantly, p38γ depletion disrupted mitochondrial functions, causing mitochondrial depolarization, reactive oxygen species production, oxidative injury and ATP depletion in NPC cells. In vivo, intratumoral injection of adeno-associated virus-packed p38γ shRNA potently inhibited primary human NPC xenograft growth in nude mice. In p38γ shRNA virus-injected NPC xenograft tissues, p38γ expression, Rb phosphorylation, cyclin E1/A expression and ATP levels were dramatically decreased. Taken together, we conclude that p38γ overexpression is required for NPC cell growth, acting as a promising therapeutic target of NPC.
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Intarak S, Chongpison Y, Vimolnoch M, Oonsiri S, Kitpanit S, Prayongrat A, Kannarunimit D, Chakkabat C, Sriswasdi S, Lertbutsayanukul C, Rakvongthai Y. Tumor Prognostic Prediction of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using CT-Based Radiomics in Non-Chinese Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:775248. [PMID: 35155228 PMCID: PMC8831248 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.775248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeWe aimed to construct predictive models for the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients by using CT-based radiomics.Materials and MethodsWe collected data from 197 NPC patients. For each patient, radiomic features were extracted from the CT image acquired at pretreatment via PyRadiomics. Feature selection was performed in two steps. First, features with high inter-observer variability based on multiple tumor delineations were excluded. Then, stratified bootstrappings were performed to identify feature combinations that most frequently achieved the highest (i) area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting 3-year OS, PFS, and DMFS or (ii) Harrell’s C-index for predicting time to event. Finally, regularized logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models with the most frequently selected feature combinations as input were tuned using cross-validation. Additionally, we examined the robustness of the constructed model to variation in tumor delineation by simulating 100 realizations of radiomic feature values to mimic features extracted from different tumor boundaries.ResultsThe combined model that used both radiomics and clinical features yielded significantly higher AUC and Harrell’s C-index than models using either feature set alone for all outcomes (p < 0.05). The AUCs and Harrell’s C-indices of the clinical-only and radiomics-only models ranged from 0.758 ± 0.091 to 0.789 ± 0.082 and from 0.747 ± 0.062 to 0.767 ± 0.074, respectively. In comparison, the combined models achieved AUC of 0.801 ± 0.075 to 0.813 ± 0.078 and Harrell’s C-indices of 0.779 ± 0.066 to 0.796 ± 0.069. The results showed that our models were robust to variation in tumor delineation with the coefficient of variation ranging from 4.8% to 6.4% and from 6.7% to 9.3% for AUC and Harrell’s C-index, respectively.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that using CT-based radiomic features together with clinical features provided superior NPC prognostic prediction than using either clinical or radiomic features alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sararas Intarak
- Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuda Chongpison
- Biostatistics Excellence Center, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mananchaya Vimolnoch
- Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sornjarod Oonsiri
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarin Kitpanit
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anussara Prayongrat
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Danita Kannarunimit
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chakkapong Chakkabat
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sira Sriswasdi
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Lertbutsayanukul
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yothin Rakvongthai
- Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Yothin Rakvongthai,
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Novel long non-coding RNA lncAMPC downregulates PTEN via miR-214 to promote nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:805-814. [PMID: 35059924 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs with transcript lengths exceeding 200 nt. lncRNAs suppress or promote cancer mainly by regulating gene expression. The aim of this study was to explore the role of lncRNAs activated in metastatic PCa (lncAMPC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Total RNAs were isolated from NPC and adjacent non-tumor tissues from 60 NPC patients and subjected to RT-qPCR to analyze differential expression of lncAMPC and miR-214. The roles of lncAMPC and miR-214 in regulating PTEN expression were analyzed using RT-qPCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was analyzed using the BrdU assay. The results showed that lncAMPC was overexpressed in NPC tissues and was localized in both nuclei and cytoplasms of NPC cells. MiR-214 was positively correlated with lncAMPC. LncAMPC overexpression upregulated miR-214 and indirectly downregulated PTEN via miR-214. BrdU incorporation assay showed that lncAMPC and miR-214 overexpression increased cell proliferation. PTEN overexpression completely reversed the promoting effects of lncAMPC and miR-214 overexpression on cell proliferation. Therefore, lncAMPC might downregulate PTEN via miR-214 to increase NPC cell proliferation.
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Fierti AO, Yakass MB, Okertchiri EA, Adadey SM, Quaye O. The Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in Modulating Key Tumor Suppressor Genes in Associated Malignancies: Epigenetics, Transcriptional, and Post-Translational Modifications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010127. [PMID: 35053275 PMCID: PMC8773690 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is ubiquitous and carried by approximately 90% of the world’s adult population. Several mechanisms and pathways have been proposed as to how EBV facilitates the pathogenesis and progression of malignancies, such as Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric cancers, the majority of which have been linked to viral proteins that are expressed upon infection including latent membrane proteins (LMPs) and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBNAs). EBV expresses microRNAs that facilitate the progression of some cancers. Mostly, EBV induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, degradation of tumor suppressor mRNA transcripts, post-translational modification, and inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which EBV modulates different tumor suppressors at the molecular and cellular levels in associated cancers. Briefly, EBV gene products upregulate DNA methylases to induce epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes via hypermethylation. MicroRNAs expressed by EBV are also involved in the direct targeting of tumor suppressor genes for degradation, and other EBV gene products directly bind to tumor suppressor proteins to inactivate them. All these processes result in downregulation and impaired function of tumor suppressors, ultimately promoting malignances.
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29
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Lee SW, Yang CC, Lai HY, Tsai HH, Yeh CF, Kuo YH, Kang NW, Chen TJ, Chang SL. Roundabout Guidance Receptor 1 Is an Emerging Prognostic Biomarker for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS: ONCOLOGY 2022; 16:11795549221113244. [PMID: 35898392 PMCID: PMC9310334 DOI: 10.1177/11795549221113244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originating from the nasopharynx with high morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia and south of China. Roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1) can regulate axonogenesis (axon-like protrusion), which may play an important role in migration. However, the roles of ROBO1 in NPC have not been clarified. Methods: A comparative analysis employing the NPC transcriptome (GSE12452) and the axonogenesis-related genes (GO: 0050772) was performed. In total, 124 tissue blocks from patients primarily diagnosed as NPC (1993-2002) were examined using immunohistochemical staining. The connections between clinicopathological variables and protein immunoexpression were analyzed by Pearson’s chi-square test. The Kaplan–Meier method with a log-rank test was employed to plot survival curves. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify independent prognostic biomarker. Results: According to transcriptome analysis, we found that ROBO1 is significantly highly expressed in NPC tissues compared with normal tissues. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining showed that high expression of ROBO1 was significantly related to primary tumor (T1T2 and T3T4) ( P = .024), nodal metastasis status (N0N1 and N2N3) ( P = .030), stage (I-II and III-IV) ( P = .019), and histological grade (keratinizing, non-keratinizing, and undifferentiated) ( P = .065). Importantly, NPC patients with high ROBO1 expression had poorer disease-specific survival (DSS) ( P = .0001), distal metastasis-free survival (DMeFS) ( P < .0001), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) ( P = .0001) compared with NPC patients with low ROBO1 expression through the uni-/multivariate and the Kaplan–Meier survival analyses. Conclusion: Our report indicates that ROBO1 might be a potential prognostic biomarker for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan
| | - Nai-Wen Kang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pet care and grooming, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
| | - Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Pet care and grooming, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
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Jiang S, Huang C, Zheng G, Yi W, Wu B, Tang J, Liu X, Huang B, Wu D, Yan T, Li M, Wan C, Cai Y. EGCG Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis Through Downregulation of SIRT1 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Front Nutr 2022; 9:851972. [PMID: 35548580 PMCID: PMC9084317 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.851972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a frequently studied catechin in green tea, has been shown involved in the anti-proliferation and apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the apoptotic effects of EGCG has not been fully investigated. Recent literature emphasized the importance of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, in regulating cellular stress responses, survival, and organismal lifespan. Herein, the study showed that EGCG could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of 2 NPC (CNE-2 and 5-8F) cell lines. Moreover, it was also found that SIRT1 is down-regulated by EGCG, and the SIRT1-p53 signaling pathway participates in the effects of EGCG on CNE-2 and 5-8 F cells. Taken together, the findings of this study provided evidence that EGCG could inhibit the growth of NPC cell lines and is linked with the inhibition of the SIRT1-p53 signaling pathway, suggesting the therapeutic potential of EGCG in human NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiawen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biyun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingdong Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Tingdong Yan
| | - Mingxi Li
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Chunpeng Wan
| | - Yi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Cai
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31
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Lin X, Wang S, Lin K, Zong J, Zheng Q, Su Y, Huang T. Competitive Endogenous RNA Landscape in Epstein-Barr Virus Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:782473. [PMID: 34805186 PMCID: PMC8600047 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.782473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs have been shown to play important regulatory roles, notably in cancer development. In this study, we investigated the role of microRNAs and circular RNAs in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) by constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA co-expression network and performing differential expression analysis on mRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs. Specifically, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been found to be an important risk factor for NPC, and potential pathological differences may exist for EBV+ and EBV- subtypes of NPC. By comparing the expression profile of non-cancerous immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line and NPC cell lines, we identified differentially expressed coding and non-coding RNAs across three groups of comparison: cancer vs. non-cancer, EBV+ vs. EBV- NPC, and metastatic vs. non-metastatic NPC. We constructed a ceRNA network composed of mRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, leveraging co-expression and miRNA target prediction tools. Within the network, we identified the regulatory ceRNAs of CDKN1B, ZNF302, ZNF268, and RPGR. These differentially expressed axis, along with other miRNA-circRNA pairs we identified through our analysis, helps elucidate the genetic and epigenetic changes central to NPC progression, and the differences between EBV+ and EBV- NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Radiobiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital and Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Steven Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Keyu Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Radiobiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital and Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingfeng Zong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital and Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qianlan Zheng
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Radiobiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital and Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Su
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Radiobiology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital and Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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32
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Vatte C, Al-Amri AM, Cyrus C, Chathoth S, Ahmad A, Alsayyah A, Al-Ali A. Epstein-Barr virus infection mediated TP53 and Bcl-2 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathogenesis. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:260. [PMID: 34754447 PMCID: PMC8569298 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein Barr virus (EBV) stimulates neoplastic transformation of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells through various molecular mechanisms, predominantly affecting inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes. EBV infection is a major risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), yet its role in the carcinogenesis is not clear. EBV infection alters the expression of antiapoptotic proteins and tumor suppressor proteins. Therefore, this study investigated the correlation between EBV infection status with B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and TP53 protein expression amongst laryngeal and nasopharyngeal cancer cases. This study was performed using 22 nasopharyngeal and 11 laryngeal cancer cases. EBV infection status, TP53 and Bcl-2 protein expression was studied using immunohistochemistry. The majority of the laryngeal cancer cases exhibited a poor prognosis and presented low Bcl-2 expression. A total of 22.7% cases were infected with EBV in the NPC cases. Upregulated TP53 expression was associated with EBV infection in the NPC cohort, and EBV infection was correlated with TP53 upregulation in the patients with NPC, suggesting mutual regulation between TP53 and EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chittibabu Vatte
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Al-Amri
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar 31952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Cyril Cyrus
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahanas Chathoth
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafat Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsayyah
- Department of Pathology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar 31952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amein Al-Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Jiang N, Zhao L, Zong D, Yin L, Wu L, Chen C, Song X, Zhang Q, Jiang X, He X, Feng J. Long non-coding RNA LUADT1 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulating miR-1207-5p. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10716-10728. [PMID: 34738862 PMCID: PMC8810096 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a typical type of malignant tumor. This research paper aims to study the function and mechanism of long non-coding RNA lung adenocarcinoma-related transcript 1 (lncRNA-LUADT1) in the progression of NPC. In this study, the expressions of lncRNA-LUADT1, miR-1207-5p, and TEAD1 in NPC tissues and cell lines were detected by RT-qPCR. Initially, the expression of lncRNA-LUADT1 and TEAD1 were significantly up-regulated in NPC tissues and cells, while miR-1207-5p was significantly down-regulated. Next, miR-1207-5p was confirmed to bind to lncRNA-LUADT1 or TEAD1 by bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay. In addition, after interfering with lncRNA-LUADT1 expression, experiments of CCK8, EDU staining, and Transwell invasion were used to detect proliferation, invasion, and migration of NPC cells. The results showed that interfering with lncRNA-LUADT1 expression could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NPC cells. Western blot showed that lncRNA-LUADT1 knockdown significantly decreased the expression of Hippo/YAP pathway protein (YAP1 and TAZ). However, interfering with the expression of miR-1207-5p reversed these results. In addition, the nude mouse tumor formation experiment suggested that low-expressed lncRNA-LUADT1 reduced the volume and weight of tumor tissues. In summary, lncRNA-LUADT1 down-regulation could inhibit NPC cell proliferation and invasion, which may be achieved through regulating miR-1207-5p expression and affecting TEAD1 expression, thus inhibiting the activation of Hippo/YAP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Dan Zong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Xue Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210003, China
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34
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Jicman Stan D, Niculet E, Lungu M, Onisor C, Rebegea L, Bobeica C, Elisei AM, Anghel L, Tatu AL. Rare case of metachronous tumor: Nasopharyngeal and colorectal carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1417. [PMID: 34707699 PMCID: PMC8543177 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study presents an unusual case of a patient with a personal history of a rectal malignant tumor in 2013, who after a period of 6 years, was diagnosed with an advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, locally and regionally invasive. It is possible that the colorectal malignant tumor affected the development of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma, or the other way around, depending on the presence of genetic instabilities. These two types of malignant tumors share a series of genes that can influence their progression, i.e., SPINK-6 and Bcl-2. The particularity of this case stems from the development of a metachronous tumor, a rectal adenocarcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, two malignant tumors with different patient prognosis and disease progression. Research needs to be continued on the multidisciplinary therapeutic management of nasopharyngeal cancer and the ways of identifying this cancer type in its early stages, considering that most patients come from a rural environment, have poor medical education, a number of comorbidities, and who frequently ignore the signs, symptoms and sometimes the treatment offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Jicman Stan
- Department of Otorhinolaringology, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania.,Biomedical Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Elena Niculet
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Department of Pathology, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania
| | - Mihaela Lungu
- Department of Neurology, 'Sfantul Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania.,Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Cristian Onisor
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Laura Rebegea
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Carmen Bobeica
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Alina Mihaela Elisei
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit/Competitive, Interdisciplinary Research Integrated Platform 'Dunărea de Jos', ReForm-UDJG, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Research Centre in The Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 'Dunărea de Jos' University of Galați, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Lucretia Anghel
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Alin Laurentiu Tatu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Medical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit/Competitive, Interdisciplinary Research Integrated Platform 'Dunărea de Jos', ReForm-UDJG, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, 'Sfanta Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
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35
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Chang SL, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Yang CC, Tsai HH, Yeh CF, Lee SW, Lai HY. High SPIN4 Expression Is Linked to Advanced Nodal Status and Inferior Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090912. [PMID: 34575061 PMCID: PMC8470428 DOI: 10.3390/life11090912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes, is a malignancy derived from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Despite its sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy, NPC has a high propensity for recurrence and metastasis. Although lymph node levels have been indicated as an independent prognostic factor for NPC, there has been no precise prognostic biomarker to predict clinical outcomes for NPC before advanced disease. In the present study, we surveyed differentially expressed genes in NPC via the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based Oncomine database and identified the spindlin family member 4 (SPIN4) gene as the most relevant to advanced nodal status. We collected 124 tumor samples from NPC patients receiving biopsy, and the expression level of SPIN4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that tumors with high SPIN4 expression were significantly correlated with advanced nodal status (p < 0.001) and advanced AJCC stages (p < 0.001). High SPIN4 expression in tumor samples was an unfavorable prognostic factor for all three endpoints at the univariate level: disease-specific survival (DSS), distal metastasis-free survival (DMeFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (all p < 0.05). High SPIN4 expression remained independently prognostic of worse DMeFS (p = 0.049) at the multivariate level. Using bioinformatics analysis, we further found that high SPIN4 level may link tight junctions to cancer cell survival. Collectively, these results imply that high SPIN4 expression is linked to an aggressive clinical course, including advanced nodal status and poor survival in NPC patients, emphasizing the promising prognostic utility of SPIN4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying 736, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-W.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (S.-W.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
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36
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Aguayo F, Boccardo E, Corvalán A, Calaf GM, Blanco R. Interplay between Epstein-Barr virus infection and environmental xenobiotic exposure in cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:50. [PMID: 34193233 PMCID: PMC8243497 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus associated with lymphoid and epithelial malignancies. Both B cells and epithelial cells are susceptible and permissive to EBV infection. However, considering that 90% of the human population is persistently EBV-infected, with a minority of them developing cancer, additional factors are necessary for tumor development. Xenobiotics such as tobacco smoke (TS) components, pollutants, pesticides, and food chemicals have been suggested as cofactors involved in EBV-associated cancers. In this review, the suggested mechanisms by which xenobiotics cooperate with EBV for carcinogenesis are discussed. Additionally, a model is proposed in which xenobiotics, which promote oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage, regulate EBV replication, promoting either the maintenance of viral genomes or lytic activation, ultimately leading to cancer. Interactions between EBV and xenobiotics represent an opportunity to identify mechanisms by which this virus is involved in carcinogenesis and may, in turn, suggest both prevention and control strategies for EBV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique Boccardo
- Laboratory of Oncovirology, Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gloria M Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, 1000000, Arica, Chile.,Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Rancés Blanco
- Laboratorio de Oncovirología, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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37
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Sim EUH, Lee CW, Narayanan K. The roles of ribosomal proteins in nasopharyngeal cancer: culprits, sentinels or both. Biomark Res 2021; 9:51. [PMID: 34193301 PMCID: PMC8247250 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal protein genes encode products that are essential for cellular protein biosynthesis and are major components of ribosomes. Canonically, they are involved in the complex system of ribosome biogenesis pivotal to the catalysis of protein translation. Amid this tightly organised process, some ribosomal proteins have unique spatial and temporal physiological activity giving rise to their extra-ribosomal functions. Many of these extra-ribosomal roles pertain to cellular growth and differentiation, thus implicating the involvement of some ribosomal proteins in organogenesis. Consequently, dysregulated functions of these ribosomal proteins could be linked to oncogenesis or neoplastic transformation of human cells. Their suspected roles in carcinogenesis have been reported but not specifically explained for malignancy of the nasopharynx. This is despite the fact that literature since one and half decade ago have documented the association of ribosomal proteins to nasopharyngeal cancer. In this review, we explain the association and contribution of dysregulated expression among a subset of ribosomal proteins to nasopharyngeal oncogenesis. The relationship of these ribosomal proteins with the cancer are explained. We provide information to indicate that the dysfunctional extra-ribosomal activities of specific ribosomal proteins are tightly involved with the molecular pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal cancer albeit mechanisms yet to be precisely defined. The complete knowledge of this will impact future applications in the effective management of nasopharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Ui-Hang Sim
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Choon-Weng Lee
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumaran Narayanan
- School of Science, Monash University, 46150, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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38
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Molecular Genetics in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070593. [PMID: 34206255 PMCID: PMC8306230 DOI: 10.3390/life11070593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Global genomic studies have detected the role of genomic alterations in the pathogenesis of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors. EBV oncoproteins cause a vital shift of EBV from an infectious virus to an oncogenic form during the latent and lytic phase within the lymphoid B cells and epithelial cells. This epigenetic alteration modulates the virus and host genomes and inactivates and disrupts numerous tumor suppressors and signaling pathways. Genomic profiling has played the main role in identifying EBV cancer pathogenesis and its related targeted therapies. This article reviews the role of genetic changes in EBV-associated lymphomas and carcinomas. This includes the prolific molecular genesis, key diagnostic tools, and target-specific drugs that have been in recent clinical use.
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39
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Beyene ET, Ketema SG, Alebachew AN, Saleh MY, Gebremariam TA. Descriptive epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Ethiopia. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:540. [PMID: 33980204 PMCID: PMC8114688 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal cancer is distinguished from other cancers of the head and neck in its epidemiology, histopathology, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic outcome. Its unique clinico-epidemiologic pattern of the disease is an area focus for this investigation. Accordingly, the study investigated the demographic and histologic characteristics, as well as the clinical stage at presentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital. Methods Hospital based retrospective descriptive study was conducted from September 2017 – October 2020. All biopsy proven incidental cases during the study period are included. SPSS version 26 is used for data entry and analysis. Result A total of 318 patients with histologically confirmed nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases during the study period were included. There were 218 males and 90 females, with a male: female ratio of 2.5:1. The age of patients ranges from 13 to 81 years with a mean age of 37.8 ± 15 years. The median age at diagnosis was 38 years. Age distribution has two peaks for males, first between 30 to 39 and second 50 to 59 years of age. While the peak age of occurrence for females is in the 20–39 age range. Juvenile cases constituted 34% of the study group. The study revealed, nonkeratinizing carcinoma as the most prevalent histology at 94.3% (undifferentiated type 85.9% and differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma 8.4%) and 5.7% of the cases showed keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Majority of the patients, 86%, presented late with stage III and IV disease. Conclusion Nasopharyngeal cancer is commonly found among the young and productive age group, under the age 30. Nonkeratinizing carcinoma is the predominant histopathologic variant resembling that seen in endemic areas of the world. Thus, genetic and early life environmental exposures should be well studied to identify possible risk factors in the region. Late-stage presentation at diagnosis impacts the treatment outcome of patients, thereby indicating the need for a raised index of suspicion among health professionals for early diagnosis and better prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Tadesse Beyene
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Siraw Girum Ketema
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Assaye Nibret Alebachew
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mizan Yeshanew Saleh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Irekeola AA, Shueb RH, E. A. R. ENS, Wada Y, Abdul Rahman Z, Ahmad S, Mohamud R, Mat Lazim N, Yean CY. Prevalence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Patients with Dermatomyositis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081886. [PMID: 33919987 PMCID: PMC8071042 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This first systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in patients suffering dermatomyositis was necessitated by the absence of a true and reliable prevalence estimate necessary to adequately inform medical preparedness and decisions. Following a careful review of literature and data analyses, a prevalence of 3.3% was found. It is hoped that a clear knowledge of the actual prevalence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in dermatomyositis patients would not only help sensitize clinicians and patients about the frequency of these disease conditions but would also enhance the adoption of precautions essential to mitigate their co-occurrence in patients. Abstract For more than 50 years, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been associated with dermatomyositis (DM), a rare idiopathic inflammatory disorder that mainly affects the skin and muscles. Although the association between these rare diseases is well-documented, the actual prevalence of NPC in DM patients remains unknown. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched without year or language restrictions for studies reporting the occurrence of NPC in DM patients. The study protocol was lodged with PROSPERO (CRD42021225335). A total of 95 studies covering 303 cases of NPC among 16,010 DM patients was included. Summary estimates were calculated using the random-effects model. The pooled prevalence of NPC in DM was 3.3% (95% CI, 2.5–4.3). When stratified according to study location, higher prevalence estimates were obtained for Hong Kong (36.5%), Malaysia (27.7%), and Singapore (11.9%). There was a predominance of cases among male DM patients compared with females, and most patients were aged 40 and above. Many of the NPC cases were found to be diagnosed after the diagnosis of DM. It is therefore pertinent to screen for NPC in DM patients, especially among older DM patients in the Asian region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (Y.W.); (Z.A.R.); (C.Y.Y.)
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Summit University Offa, Offa PMB 4412, Nigeria
| | - Rafidah Hanim Shueb
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (Y.W.); (Z.A.R.); (C.Y.Y.)
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Engku Nur Syafirah E. A. R.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (Y.W.); (Z.A.R.); (C.Y.Y.)
| | - Yusuf Wada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (Y.W.); (Z.A.R.); (C.Y.Y.)
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810211, Nigeria
| | - Zaidah Abdul Rahman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (Y.W.); (Z.A.R.); (C.Y.Y.)
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Norhafiza Mat Lazim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (Y.W.); (Z.A.R.); (C.Y.Y.)
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Looi CK, Hii LW, Chung FFL, Mai CW, Lim WM, Leong CO. Roles of Inflammasomes in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1786. [PMID: 33918087 PMCID: PMC8069343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is recognised as one of the causative agents in most nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cases. Expression of EBV viral antigens can induce host's antiviral immune response by activating the inflammasomes to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. These cytokines are known to be detrimental to a wide range of virus-infected cells, in which they can activate an inflammatory cell death program, called pyroptosis. However, aberrant inflammasome activation and production of its downstream cytokines lead to chronic inflammation that may contribute to various diseases, including NPC. In this review, we summarise the roles of inflammasomes during viral infection, how EBV evades inflammasome-mediated immune response, and progress into tumourigenesis. The contrasting roles of inflammasomes in cancer, as well as the current therapeutic approaches used in targeting inflammasomes, are also discussed in this review. While the inflammasomes appear to have dual roles in carcinogenesis, there are still many questions that remain unanswered. In particular, the exact molecular mechanism responsible for the regulation of the inflammasomes during carcinogenesis of EBV-associated NPC has not been explored thoroughly. Furthermore, the current practical application of inflammasome inhibitors is limited to specific tumour types, hence, further studies are warranted to discover the potential of targeting the inflammasomes for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin King Looi
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.K.L.); (L.-W.H.)
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.-W.M.); (W.-M.L.)
| | - Ling-Wei Hii
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.K.L.); (L.-W.H.)
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.-W.M.); (W.-M.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis Section (MCA), Epigenetics Group (EGE), International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organisation, CEDEX 08 Lyon, France;
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.-W.M.); (W.-M.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei-Meng Lim
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.-W.M.); (W.-M.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (C.-W.M.); (W.-M.L.)
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Cheng H, Zhou L, Long Y, Xiang J, Chen L. MACC1 Is Associated With Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Can Predict Poor Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:644120. [PMID: 33854976 PMCID: PMC8039464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.644120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given the reported correlation between the oncogene metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), as well as between MACC1 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), we speculated that EMT is a likely causative link between MACC1 expression and poor NPC prognosis. Thus, we aim to clarify the relationship between MACC1 and EMT in NPC prognosis. Material and Methods We performed immunohistochemical examination of tissue sections from 128 NPC patients that were divided into six groups corresponding to high and low protein expression of MACC1 and two EMT-related proteins, vimentin and E-cadherin, and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analyses were performed. Results KM survival analysis showed that upregulation of MACC1 and vimentin and downregulation of E-cadherin were significantly associated with reduced survival in NPC. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference and immunoblotting in the NPC cell line HNE-1 led to increased E-cadherin but decreased vimentin levels. MACC1 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor 5-year overall survival, metastasis-free survival, and disease-free survival (P<0.05) but not with poor relapse-free survival (P>0.05). Univariate analyses revealed that MACC1, E-cadherin, and vimentin levels along with T and N tumor classifications and cancer staging are significant prognostic factors of NPC (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings showed the association between MACC1 and EMT in NPC malignancy and support the role of MACC1 as a prognostic biomarker and molecular target for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Southern Medical University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Linxiang Zhou
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, Chenzhou, China
| | - Yalan Long
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, Chenzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, University of South China, Chenzhou, China
| | - Longhua Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu CH, Chang JTC, Lee TH, Chang PY, Chang CH, Wu HC, Chang TY, Huang KL, Lin CY, Fan KH, Chu CL, Chang YJ. Total plaque score helps to determine follow-up strategy for carotid artery stenosis progression in head and neck cancer patients after radiation therapy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246684. [PMID: 33577590 PMCID: PMC7880459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify predictors of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) progression in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients after radiation therapy (RT). METHODS We included 217 stroke-naïve HNC patients with mild carotid artery stenosis after RT in our hospital. These patients underwent annual carotid duplex ultrasound (CDU) studies to monitor CAS progression. CAS progression was defined as the presence of ≥50% stenosis of the internal/common carotid artery on follow-up CDU. We recorded total plaque score (TPS) and determined the cut-off TPS to predict CAS progression. We categorized patients into high (HP) and low plaque (LP) score groups based on their TPS at enrolment. We analyzed the cumulative events of CAS progression in the two groups. RESULTS The TPS of the CDU study at enrolment was a significant predictor for CAS progression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.69, p = 0.002). The cut-off TPS was 7 (area under the curve: 0.800), and a TPS ≥ 7 strongly predicted upcoming CAS progression (aOR = 41.106, p = 0.002). The HP group had a higher risk of CAS progression during follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio = 6.15; 95% confident interval: 2.29-16.53) in multivariable Cox analysis, and also a higher trend of upcoming ischemic stroke (HP vs. LP: 8.3% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS HNC patients with a TPS ≥ 7 in any CDU study after RT are susceptible to CAS progression and should receive close monitoring within the following 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hung Liu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Proton and Radiation Therapy Center, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Taipei Chang Gung Head & Neck Oncology Group, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yueh Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chang
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Wu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Chang
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Lun Huang
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Proton and Radiation Therapy Center, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Taipei Chang Gung Head & Neck Oncology Group, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Particle Physics and Beam Delivery Core Laboratory of Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hsing Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Proton and Radiation Therapy Center, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Taipei Chang Gung Head & Neck Oncology Group, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Lin Chu
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yeu-Jhy Chang
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chang Gung Medical Education Research Centre, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Yao L, Wang T, Wang X. LncRNA FOXP4-AS1 serves as a biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and prognosis. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:25. [PMID: 33442523 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to probe the clinical significance of serum lncRNA FOXP4-AS1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumorigenesis. LncRNA FOXP4-AS1 from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and healthy volunteers were abstracted and converged. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of FOXP4-AS1. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of FOXP4-AS1. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used to assess the patients' survival prognosis. Independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed by univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazards regression analysis. In this study, we observed that the levels of FOXP4-AS1 were significantly upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients compared to healthy volunteers. Besides, the expression of FOXP4-AS1 was closely associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage. Meanwhile, ROC analysis found that FOXP4-AS1 had diagnostic values to distinguish tumor patients from healthy volunteers. Furthermore, patients with high FOXP4-AS1 expression level had poorer OS and PFS than those with low FOXP4-AS1 expression. Finally, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis found that the T stage, lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, FOXP4-AS1 expression might be independent risk factors for OS and PFS of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. This study firstly clarified that FOXP4-AS1 was overexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. And FOXP4-AS1 may act as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and hopeful therapeutic target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
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Shi Z, Jiang W, Chen X, Xu M, Wang X, Zha D. Prognostic and clinicopathological value of Ki-67 expression in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920951346. [PMID: 33014147 PMCID: PMC7509738 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920951346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This meta-analysis aimed to identify the prognostic role of Ki-67 in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Relevant studies were retrieved in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to November 2019. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association between Ki-67 expression and survival outcomes. Combined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were measured as effect size on the association between Ki-67 expression and clinical factors. Results A total of eight studies involving 936 patients with NPC were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled HR indicated that Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (HR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.91-4.27, p < 0.001), progression-free survival (HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.15-2.74, p = 0.009), and distant metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.15-2.36, p = 0.007). However, there was no significant correlation between Ki-67 expression and local recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.54-2.14, p = 0.843). Ki-67 overexpression was associated with higher T stage (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.00-2.20, p = 0.052), and the relationship between Ki-67 expression and advanced stage was nearly significant (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 0.99-5.14, p = 0.054). However, high Ki-67 expression was not significantly correlated with sex, age, N stage, or histological type. Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated that Ki-67 overexpression was a significant marker for poor prognosis in patients with NPC. Ki-67 should be recommended as a useful index for prognostication in patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Skull Base Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaocheng Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dingjun Zha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, ChangLe West Road 127, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Indications of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090611. [PMID: 32825179 PMCID: PMC7554987 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a disease that is highly associated with the latent infection of Epstein–Barr virus. The absence of obvious clinical signs at the early stage of the disease has made early diagnosis practically impossible, thereby promoting the establishment and progression of the disease. To enhance the stride for a reliable and less invasive tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of NPC, we synopsize biomarkers belonging to the two most implicated biological domains (oncogenes and tumor suppressors) in NPC disease. Since no single biomarker is sufficient for diagnosis and prognosis, coupled with the fact that the known established methods such as methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex methylation-specific PCR, microarray assays, etc., can only accommodate a few biomarkers, we propose a 10-biomarker panel (KIT, LMP1, PIKC3A, miR-141, and miR-18a/b (oncogenic) and p16, RASSF1A, DAP-kinase, miR-9, and miR-26a (tumor suppressors)) based on their diagnostic and prognostic values. This marker set could be explored in a multilevel or single unified assay for the diagnosis and prognosis of NPC. If carefully harnessed and standardized, it is hoped that the proposed marker set would help transform the diagnostic and prognostic realm of NPC, and ultimately, help prevent the life-threatening late-stage NPC disease.
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Sun L, Wu C, Ming J, Nie X, Guo E, Zhang W, Hu G. Riluzole Enhances the Response of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells to Ionizing Radiation via ATM/P53 Signalling Pathway. J Cancer 2020; 11:3089-3098. [PMID: 32231713 PMCID: PMC7097961 DOI: 10.7150/jca.41217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Riluzole is approved by the FDA as an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drug. Previous studies showed that treatment with riluzole suppressed the proliferation of many cancer cells. However, little is known about its effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its molecular mode of action. In this study, we determined the effect of riluzole on apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion in NPC cell lines and investigated its mechanism at the molecular level. By using the human NPC cell lines CNE1, CNE2, and HNE1, we revealed that riluzole effectively inhibited viability of the NPC cell lines in dose- and time-dependent manners. Furthermore, riluzole dose-dependently induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in the NPC cell lines. After combination with radiotherapy (RT), greater cytotoxicity was achieved than with riluzole or RT alone in vitro and vivo. This was associated with the activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and phosphoinositide p53 pathways. P53 silencing reduced cell reactiveness to riluzole therapy. These observations demonstrate that the riluzole-activated ATM/P53 pathway is directly involved in radiation-induced apoptosis of NPC cells. Given the acceptable side effect, combining of riluzole and radiotherapy is promising in NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Ming
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Nie
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ergang Guo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Putative Role for the EBV-Encoded Oncoprotein, LMP1. Pathogens 2019; 9:pathogens9010008. [PMID: 31861782 PMCID: PMC7168608 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is 100% associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, and biopsies display variable levels of expression of the viral oncoprotein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). Emerging evidence suggests an important role for cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the NPC tumour microenvironment, yet the interaction between the virus, its latent gene products and the recruitment and activation of CAFs in the NPC tumour stroma remains unclear. This short review will discuss the current evidence for the importance of CAFs in NPC pathogenesis and outline a putative role for the EBV-encoded oncoprotein, LMP1, in governing tumour–stromal interactions.
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Li Y, Liu X, Lin X, Zhao M, Xiao Y, Liu C, Liang Z, Lin Z, Yi R, Tang Z, Liu J, Li X, Jiang Q, Li L, Xie Y, Liu Z, Fang W. Chemical compound cinobufotalin potently induces FOXO1-stimulated cisplatin sensitivity by antagonizing its binding partner MYH9. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:48. [PMID: 31754475 PMCID: PMC6861228 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present novel molecular mechanisms by which FOXO1 functions as a tumor suppressor to prevent the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). First, we observed that FOXO1 not only controlled tumor stemness and metastasis, but also sensitized NPC cells to cisplatin (DDP) in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that FOXO1-induced miR-200b expression through the GSK3β/β-catenin/TCF4 network-mediated stimulation of ZEB1, which reduced tumor stemness and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signal. Furthermore, we observed FOXO1 interaction with MYH9 and suppression of MYH9 expression by modulating the PI3K/AKT/c-Myc/P53/miR-133a-3p pathway. Decreased MYH9 expression not only reduced its interactions with GSK3β, but also attenuated TRAF6 expression, which then decreased the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of GSK3β protein. Increased GSK3β expression stimulated the β-catenin/TCF4/ZEB1/miR-200b network, which increased the downstream tumor stemness and EMT signals. Subsequently, we observed that chemically synthesized cinobufotalin (CB) strongly increased FOXO1-induced DDP chemosensitivity by reducing MYH9 expression, and the reduction in MYH9 modulated GSK3β/β-catenin and its downstream tumor stemness and EMT signal in NPC. In clinical samples, the combination of low FOXO1 expression and high MYH9 expression indicated the worst overall survival rates. Our studies demonstrated that CB potently induced FOXO1-mediated DDP sensitivity by antagonizing its binding partner MYH9 to modulate tumor stemness in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- YongHao Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Menyang Zhao
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyi Xiao
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixi Liang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zelong Lin
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Renhui Yi
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zibo Tang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Cancer Institute, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 510150 Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Xie
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
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Huo H, Hu G. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated LMP1 knockout inhibits Epstein-Barr virus infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell growth. Infect Agent Cancer 2019; 14:30. [PMID: 31673282 PMCID: PMC6816172 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-019-0246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A strong association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been widely recognized in recent decades. The aim of the present study was to investigate latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) regulation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CNE-2 cell growth and then examine the effects of LMP1-knockout with CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/Cas9on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and CNE-2 cell growth. Methods Human NPC CNE-2 cells were infected with the recombinant LMP1- and LMP2A-carrying lentivirus, and then examined for cell growth with the colony forming assay as well as for the activation of transcription of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) with reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of LMP1 or LMP2A was performed with a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting sequences within LMP1 or LMP2A. The knockout effect and the EBV proliferation were examined with RT-qPCR, western blot and cell growth assay. Results LMP1 overexpression promoted CNE-2 cell growth, compared to LMP2A overexpression. Loss-of-function experiments confirmed that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) upregulation mediated this effect. LMP1 knockout significantly inhibited EBV proliferation in CNE-2 cells and markedly inhibited LMP1-mediated promotion of cell growth. The knockout of either LMP1 or LMP2A blocked the eIF4E activation, which is induced either by the EBV infection or by the overexpression of LMP1 or LMP2A. Conclusion We confirmed the LMP1-mediated promotion of NPC cell growth. Such promotion can be effectively blocked by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated LMP1 knockout. Precise LMP1 knockout might be a promising method for targeted inhibition of EBV infection and NPC cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Huo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Guohua Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
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