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Li M, Yang K, De Vivo I, Eliassen AH, Qureshi AA, Nan H, Han J. Association between plasma L-carnitine levels and mitochondrial DNA copy number. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:35. [PMID: 38082229 PMCID: PMC10712069 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key cytoplasmic organelles in eukaryotic cells that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number (mtDNAcn) is considered a biomarker for both mitochondrial quantity and function as well as cellular oxidative stress level. Previous epidemiologic findings revealed that weight gain, higher body mass index (BMI), smoking, and high insulinemic potential of lifestyle were associated with lower leukocyte mtDNAcn. Carnitines are a group of compounds that play a critical role in energy production. We quantified the associations of plasma L-carnitine levels with leukocyte mtDNAcn. We then examined the association between mtDNAcn and L-carnitine (HMDB0000062) in 538 U.S. men without cancers, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease at blood collection from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). We found a significant inverse association between L-carnitine and mtDNAcn (ρ = -0.1, P = 0.02). This implies that the carnitine metabolic pathway may be associated with mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, RG 6124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-2872, USA
| | - Keming Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abrar A Qureshi
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, RG 6124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-2872, USA
- Department of Global Health, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, RG 6124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-2872, USA.
- Department of Global Health, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Li N, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhou Y, Gong L. Exploring exercise-driven inhibition of pyroptosis: novel insights into treating diabetes mellitus and its complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1230646. [PMID: 37859981 PMCID: PMC10582706 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1230646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are important, worldwide public health issues, exerting detrimental effects on human health and diminishing both quality of life and lifespan. Pyroptosis, as a new form of programmed cell death, plays a critical role in DM and its complications. Exercise has been shown to be an effective treatment for improving insulin sensitivity or preventing DM. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of exercise on pyroptosis-related diseases remain elusive. In this review, we provided a comprehensive elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis and the potential mechanism of exercise in the treatment of DM and its complications through the modulation of anti-pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways. Based on the existing evidence, further investigation into the mechanisms by which exercise inhibits pyroptosis through the regulation of inflammasome pathways holds promising potential for expanding preventive and therapeutic strategies for DM and facilitating the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xintang Wang
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Jenkins AJ, Carroll LM, Huang MLH, Wen-Loh Y, Mangani A, O'Neal DN, Januszewski AS. Mitochondrial DNA copy number in adults with and without Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 203:110877. [PMID: 37579994 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mitochondrial damage is implicated in diabetes pathogenesis and complications. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-cn) in human Type 1 diabetes (T1D) studies are lacking. We related mtDNA-cn in T1D and non-diabetic adults (CON) with diabetes complications and risk factors. METHODS Cross-sectional study: 178 T1D, 132 non-diabetic controls. Associations of whole blood mtDNA-cn (qPCR) with complications, inflammation, and C-peptide. RESULTS mtDNA-cn (median (LQ, UQ)) was lower in: T1D vs. CON (271 (189, 348) vs. 320 (264, 410); p < 0.0001); T1D with vs. without kidney disease (238 (180, 309) vs. 294 (198, 364); p = 0.02); and insulin injection vs. pump-users (251 (180, 340) vs. 322 (263, 406); p = 0.008). Significant univariate correlates of mtDNA-cn: T1D: (positive) HDL-C; (negative) fasting glucose, white cell count (WCC), sVCAM-1, sICAM-1; CON: (negative) WHR (waist-hip-ratio). Detectable C-peptide in T1D increased with lowest-highest mtDNA-cn tertiles (54%, 69%, 79%, p = 0.02). Independent determinants of mtDNA-cn: T1D: (positive) HDL-C; (negative) age, sICAM-1; AUROC 0.71; CON: WCC (negative), never smoking, (positive) female, pulse pressure; AUROC 0.74. CONCLUSIONS mtDNA-cn is lower in T1D vs. CON, and in T1D kidney disease. In T1D, mtDNA-cn correlates inversely with age and inflammation, and positively with HDL-C, detectable C-peptide and pump use. Further clinical and basic science studies are merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke M Carroll
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael L H Huang
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yik Wen-Loh
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abubakar Mangani
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David N O'Neal
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrzej S Januszewski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Liang W, Huang L, Whelchel A, Yuan T, Ma X, Cheng R, Takahashi Y, Karamichos D, Ma JX. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) regulates wound healing and mitochondrial metabolism in the cornea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217576120. [PMID: 36943878 PMCID: PMC10068757 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217576120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can result in impaired corneal wound healing. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in diabetic complications. However, the regulation of mitochondria function in the diabetic cornea and its impacts on wound healing remain elusive. The present study aimed to explore the molecular basis for the disturbed mitochondrial metabolism and subsequent wound healing impairment in the diabetic cornea. Seahorse analysis showed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is a major source of ATP production in human corneal epithelial cells. Live corneal biopsy punches from type 1 and type 2 diabetic mouse models showed impaired mitochondrial functions, correlating with impaired corneal wound healing, compared to nondiabetic controls. To approach the molecular basis for the impaired mitochondrial function, we found that Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α (PPARα) expression was downregulated in diabetic human corneas. Even without diabetes, global PPARα knockout mice and corneal epithelium-specific PPARα conditional knockout mice showed disturbed mitochondrial function and delayed wound healing in the cornea, similar to that in diabetic corneas. In contrast, fenofibrate, a PPARα agonist, ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced wound healing in the corneas of diabetic mice. Similarly, corneal epithelium-specific PPARα transgenic overexpression improved mitochondrial function and enhanced wound healing in the cornea. Furthermore, PPARα agonist ameliorated the mitochondrial dysfunction in primary human corneal epithelial cells exposed to diabetic stressors, which was impeded by siRNA knockdown of PPARα, suggesting a PPARα-dependent mechanism. These findings suggest that downregulation of PPARα plays an important role in the impaired mitochondrial function in the corneal epithelium and delayed corneal wound healing in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Liang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350000, China
| | - Amy Whelchel
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
| | - Tian Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- Division of Research and Innovation, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX76107
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
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Lu S, Li Y, Qian Z, Zhao T, Feng Z, Weng X, Yu L. Role of the inflammasome in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1052756. [PMID: 36993972 PMCID: PMC10040598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1052756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a protein complex composed of a variety of proteins in cells and which participates in the innate immune response of the body. It can be activated by upstream signal regulation and plays an important role in pyroptosis, apoptosis, inflammation, tumor regulation, etc. In recent years, the number of metabolic syndrome patients with insulin resistance (IR) has increased year by year, and the inflammasome is closely related to the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. The inflammasome can directly or indirectly affect conduction of the insulin signaling pathway, involvement the occurrence of IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, various therapeutic agents also work through the inflammasome to treat with diabetes. This review focuses on the role of inflammasome on IR and T2DM, pointing out the association and utility value. Briefly, we have discussed the main inflammasomes, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6 and AIM2, as well as their structure, activation and regulation in IR were described in detail. Finally, we discussed the current therapeutic options-associated with inflammasome for the treatment of T2DM. Specially, the NLRP3-related therapeutic agents and options are widely developed. In summary, this article reviews the role of and research progress on the inflammasome in IR and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Lu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yanrong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhaojun Qian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tiesuo Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Yu, ; Xiaogang Weng,
| | - Lili Yu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Yu, ; Xiaogang Weng,
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Memon AA, Vats S, Sundquist J, Li Y, Sundquist K. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number: Linking Diabetes and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1168-1190. [PMID: 36169625 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent Advances: Various studies have suggested that mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), a surrogate biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction, is an easily quantifiable biomarker for chronic diseases, including diabetes and cancer. However, current knowledge is limited, and the results are controversial. This has been attributed mainly to methodology and study design. Critical Issues: The incidence of diabetes and cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Moreover, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been shown to be a risk factor for cancer. mtDNA-CN has been associated with both T2D and cancer. However, it is not known whether mtDNA-CN plays any role in the association between T2D and cancer. Significance: In this review, we have discussed mtDNA-CN in diabetes and cancer, and reviewed the literature and methodology used in published studies so far. Based on the literature review, we have speculated how mtDNA-CN may act as a link between diabetes and cancer. Furthermore, we have provided some recommendations for reliable translation of mtDNA-CN as a biomarker. Future Directions: Further research is required to elucidate the role of mtDNA-CN in the association between T2D and cancer. If established, early lifestyle interventions, such as physical activity and diet control that improve mitochondrial function, may help preventing cancer in patients with T2D. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1168-1190.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sakshi Vats
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yanni Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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Mitrofanova A, Fontanella AM, Burke GW, Merscher S, Fornoni A. Mitochondrial Contribution to Inflammation in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Cells 2022; 11:3635. [PMID: 36429063 PMCID: PMC9688941 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Despite the burden, the factors contributing to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remain to be fully elucidated. In recent years, increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological mediator in DKD as the kidney is a highly metabolic organ rich in mitochondria. Furthermore, low grade chronic inflammation also contributes to the progression of DKD, and several inflammatory biomarkers have been reported as prognostic markers to risk-stratify patients for disease progression and all-cause mortality. Interestingly, the term "sterile inflammation" appears to be used in the context of DKD describing the development of intracellular inflammation in the absence of bacterial or viral pathogens. Therefore, a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in DKD exists and is a hot topic in both basic research and clinical investigations. This review summarizes how mitochondria contribute to sterile inflammation in renal cells in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Antonio M. Fontanella
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - George W. Burke
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Lee H, Kim H, Jeon JS, Noh H, Park R, Byun DW, Kim HJ, Suh K, Park HK, Kwon SH. Empagliflozin suppresses urinary mitochondrial DNA copy numbers and interleukin-1β in type 2 diabetes patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19103. [PMID: 36351983 PMCID: PMC9646895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, the mechanisms by which SGLT2 inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes remain elusive. We evaluated whether empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory milieu of the kidneys in T2DM patients. We prospectively measured copy numbers of urinary and serum mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit-1 (mtND-1) and cytochrome-c oxidase 3 (mtCOX-3) and urinary interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in healthy volunteers (n = 22), in SGLT2 inhibitor-naïve T2DM patients (n = 21) at baseline, and in T2DM patients after 3 months of treatment with empagliflozin (10 mg, n = 17 or 25 mg, n = 4). Both urinary mtDNA copy numbers and IL-1β levels were higher in the T2DM group than in healthy volunteers. Baseline copy numbers of serum mtCOX-3 in the T2DM group were lower than those in healthy volunteers. Empagliflozin induced marked reduction in both urinary and serum mtND-1 and mtCOX-3 copy numbers, as well as in urinary IL-1β. Empagliflozin could attenuate mitochondrial damage and inhibit inflammatory response in T2DM patients. This would explain the beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haekyung Lee
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungnae Kim
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Jeon
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Noh
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Rojin Park
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Department of Laboratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Byun
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Kim
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoil Suh
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Kyu Park
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyo Kwon
- grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea ,grid.412678.e0000 0004 0634 1623Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04401 Republic of Korea
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Flemming N, Pernoud L, Forbes J, Gallo L. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Individuals with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162481. [PMID: 36010558 PMCID: PMC9406893 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Compared to the vast body of evidence from preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, evidence from human studies is limited. In a comprehensive search of the published literature, findings from studies that reported evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in individuals with DKD were examined. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus) were searched in March 2022. A total of 1339 articles were identified, and 22 articles met the inclusion criteria. Compared to non-diabetic controls (NDC) and/or individuals with diabetes but without kidney disease (DC), individuals with DKD (age ~55 years; diabetes duration ~15 years) had evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Individuals with DKD had evidence of disrupted mitochondrial dynamics (11 of 11 articles), uncoupling (2 of 2 articles), oxidative damage (8 of 8 articles), decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity (1 of 1 article), decreased mtDNA content (5 of 6 articles), and decreased antioxidant capacity (3 of 4 articles) compared to ND and/or DC. Neither diabetes nor glycemic control explained these findings, but rather presence and severity of DKD may better reflect degree of mitochondrial dysfunction in this population. Future clinical studies should include individuals closer to diagnosis of diabetes to ascertain whether mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the development of, or is a consequence of, DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Flemming
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Birtinya 4556, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland (MRI-UQ), Brisbane 4072, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Pernoud
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore 4558, Australia
| | - Josephine Forbes
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland (MRI-UQ), Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Linda Gallo
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore 4558, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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Di Mauro S, Scamporrino A, Filippello A, Di Marco M, Di Martino MT, Scionti F, Di Pino A, Scicali R, Malaguarnera R, Purrello F, Piro S. Mitochondrial RNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Functional Impairment in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158198. [PMID: 35897772 PMCID: PMC9331991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes and renal damage are strictly linked. The progressive increase in T2D incidence has stimulated the interest in novel biomarkers to improve the diagnostic performance of the commonly utilized markers such as albuminuria and eGFR. Through microarray method, we analyzed the entire transcriptome expressed in 12 serum samples of diabetic patients, six without DKD and six with DKD; the downregulation of the most dysregulated transcripts was validated in a wider cohort of 69 patients by qPCRs. We identified a total of 33 downregulated transcripts. The downregulation of four mitochondrial messenger RNAs (MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, MT-COX3, MT-ND1) and other two transcripts (seysnoy, skerdo) was validated in patients with eGFR stage G3 versus G2 and G1. The four messenger RNAs correlated with creatinine and eGFR stages, while seysnoy and skerdo were associated with white blood cell values. All transcripts correlated also with Blood Urea Nitrogen. The four mitochondrial messenger RNAs had a high diagnostic performance in G3 versus G2 discrimination, with AUC values above 0.8. The most performant transcript was MT-ATP6, with an AUC of 0.846; sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 76%, p-value = 7.8 × 10−5. This study led to the identification of a specific molecular signature of DKD, proposing the dosage of RNAs, especially mitochondrial RNAs, as noninvasive biomarkers of diabetes complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Di Mauro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessandra Scamporrino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Agnese Filippello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Maurizio Di Marco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antonino Di Pino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Roberto Scicali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Francesco Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-759-8401
| | - Salvatore Piro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (M.D.M.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (S.P.)
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11
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He WJ, Li C, Huang Z, Geng S, Rao VS, Kelly TN, Hamm LL, Grams ME, Arking DE, Appel LJ, Rebholz CM. Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number with Risk of Progression of Kidney Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:966-975. [PMID: 35777833 PMCID: PMC9269623 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.15551121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial DNA copy number is a biomarker of mitochondrial function, which has been hypothesized to contribute to pathogenesis of CKD through podocyte injury, tubular epithelial cell damage, and endothelial dysfunction. The prospective association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with CKD progression has not been previously evaluated. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study participants had serum levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number calculated from probe intensities of mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped on the Illumina HumanOmni 1-Quad Array. CKD progression was defined as kidney failure or halving of eGFR from baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios for mitochondrial DNA copy number and risk of CKD progression. RESULTS Among 2943 participants, mean age was 58 years, 45% were women, and 48% self-identified as Black. There were 1077 patients who experienced CKD progression over a median follow-up of 6.5 years. The incidence rate of CKD progression was highest for those in the lowest tertile of mitochondrial DNA copy number (tertile 1, 58.1; tertile 2, 50.8; tertile 3, 46.3 per 1000 person-years). Risk for CKD progression was higher for participants with lower levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number after adjustment for established risk factors (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.50]; for tertile 2 versus 3, hazard ratio, 0.99 [95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 1.16]; trend P=0.002). Similar results were seen among those with albuminuria (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.47), but there were no statistically significant associations among individuals without albuminuria (for tertile 1 versus 3, hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 1.53; interaction P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest lower mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with higher risk of CKD progression, independent of established risk factors among patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. He
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Siyi Geng
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Varun S. Rao
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tanika N. Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - L. Lee Hamm
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Morgan E. Grams
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dan E. Arking
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence J. Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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12
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Lu Y, Lu Y, Meng J, Wang Z. Pyroptosis and Its Regulation in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Physiol 2022; 12:791848. [PMID: 35145423 PMCID: PMC8822267 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.791848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is a prevalent disease, characterized by contractile dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy. Patients with DbCM have high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have identified that pyroptosis, a kind of cell death, could be induced by hyperglycemia involved in the formation of DbCM. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of pyroptosis in DbCM, including NOD-like receptor3, AIM2 inflammasome, long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, circular RNA, autophagy, and some drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Lu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yaqiong Lu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Functional Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Meng,
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Zuo Wang,
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13
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Llorens-Cebrià C, Molina-Van den Bosch M, Vergara A, Jacobs-Cachá C, Soler MJ. Antioxidant Roles of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Kidney. Biomolecules 2022; 12:143. [PMID: 35053290 PMCID: PMC8773577 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction-oxidation (redox) system consists of the coupling and coordination of various electron gradients that are generated thanks to serial reduction-oxidation enzymatic reactions. These reactions happen in every cell and produce radical oxidants that can be mainly classified into reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). ROS and RNS modulate cell-signaling pathways and cellular processes fundamental to normal cell function. However, overproduction of oxidative species can lead to oxidative stress (OS) that is pathological. Oxidative stress is a main contributor to diabetic kidney disease (DKD) onset. In the kidney, the proximal tubular cells require a high energy supply to reabsorb proteins, metabolites, ions, and water. In a diabetic milieu, glucose-induced toxicity promotes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, impairing tubular function. Increased glucose level in urine and ROS enhance the activity of sodium/glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT2), which in turn exacerbates OS. SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated clear cardiovascular benefits in DKD which may be in part ascribed to the generation of a beneficial equilibrium between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Llorens-Cebrià
- Nephrology and Transplantation Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-C.); (M.M.-V.d.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Mireia Molina-Van den Bosch
- Nephrology and Transplantation Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-C.); (M.M.-V.d.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Ander Vergara
- Nephrology and Transplantation Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-C.); (M.M.-V.d.B.); (A.V.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RD21/0005/0016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Conxita Jacobs-Cachá
- Nephrology and Transplantation Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-C.); (M.M.-V.d.B.); (A.V.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RD21/0005/0016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria José Soler
- Nephrology and Transplantation Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-C.); (M.M.-V.d.B.); (A.V.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RD21/0005/0016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Oppong RF, Terracciano A, Picard M, Qian Y, Butler TJ, Tanaka T, Moore AZ, Simonsick EM, Opsahl-Ong K, Coletta C, Sutin AR, Gorospe M, Resnick SM, Cucca F, Scholz SW, Traynor BJ, Schlessinger D, Ferrucci L, Ding J. Personality traits are consistently associated with blood mitochondrial DNA copy number estimated from genome sequences in two genetic cohort studies. eLife 2022; 11:77806. [PMID: 36537669 PMCID: PMC9767459 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in tissues and blood can be altered in conditions like diabetes and major depression and may play a role in aging and longevity. However, little is known about the association between mtDNAcn and personality traits linked to emotional states, metabolic health, and longevity. This study tests the hypothesis that blood mtDNAcn is related to personality traits and mediates the association between personality and mortality. Methods We assessed the big five personality domains and facets using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), assessed depressive symptoms with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), estimated mtDNAcn levels from whole-genome sequencing, and tracked mortality in participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Results were replicated in the SardiNIA Project. Results We found that mtDNAcn was negatively associated with the Neuroticism domain and its facets and positively associated with facets from the other four domains. The direction and size of the effects were replicated in the SardiNIA cohort and were robust to adjustment for potential confounders in both samples. Consistent with the Neuroticism finding, higher depressive symptoms were associated with lower mtDNAcn. Finally, mtDNAcn mediated the association between personality and mortality risk. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to show a replicable association between mtDNAcn and personality. Furthermore, the results support our hypothesis that mtDNAcn is a biomarker of the biological process that explains part of the association between personality and mortality. Funding Support for this work was provided by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (Z01-AG000693, Z01-AG000970, and Z01-AG000949) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health. AT was also supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health Grant R01AG068093.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard F Oppong
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State UniversityTallahasseeUnited States,Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Merritt Center and Columbia Translational Neuroscience initiative, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York State Psychiatric InstituteNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yong Qian
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Thomas J Butler
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Ann Zenobia Moore
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Krista Opsahl-Ong
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Christopher Coletta
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State UniversityTallahasseeUnited States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheMonserratoItaly
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeBethesdaUnited States,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical CenterBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical CenterBaltimoreUnited States,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on AgingBethesdaUnited States
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jun Ding
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on AgingBaltimoreUnited States
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15
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Smith AR, Lin PID, Rifas-Shiman SL, Rahman ML, Gold DR, Baccarelli AA, Claus Henn B, Amarasiriwardena C, Wright RO, Coull B, Hivert MF, Oken E, Cardenas A. Prospective Associations of Early Pregnancy Metal Mixtures with Mitochondria DNA Copy Number and Telomere Length in Maternal and Cord Blood. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:117007. [PMID: 34797165 PMCID: PMC8604047 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metal exposure during pregnancy influences maternal and child health. Oxidative stress and inflammation may mediate adverse effects of heavy metals, whereas essential metals may act as antioxidants. Mitochondrial DNA is a prime target for metal-induced oxidative damage. Telomere dysfunction is attributed to imbalances between reactive oxidant species and antioxidants. OBJECTIVES We evaluated individual and joint associations of prenatal metals with mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and telomere length (TL) in maternal and cord blood as biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. METHODS We measured six nonessential metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cesium, lead, mercury) and four essential metals (magnesium, manganese, selenium, zinc) in first-trimester maternal red blood cells in Project Viva, a U.S. prebirth cohort. We measured relative mtDNAcn (n=898) and TL (n=893) in second-trimester maternal blood and mtDNAcn (n=419) and TL (n=408) in cord blood. We used multivariable linear regression and quantile g-computation to estimate associations between prenatal metals and the biomarkers. We used generalized additive models and Bayesian kernel machine regression to examine nonlinearity and interactions. RESULTS A 2-fold increase in maternal magnesium was associated with lower maternal [β=-0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.10, -0.01] and cord blood (β=-0.08, 95% CI: -0.20, -0.01) mtDNAcn. Lead was associated with higher maternal mtDNAcn (β=0.04, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.06). Selenium was associated with longer cord blood TL (β=0.30, 95% CI: 0.01 0.50). An association was observed between the nonessential metal mixture and higher maternal mtDNAcn (β=0.04, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.07). There was a nonlinear relationship between cord blood mtDNAcn and magnesium; maternal mtDNAcn and barium, lead, and mercury; and maternal TL and barium. DISCUSSION Maternal exposure to metals such as lead, magnesium, and selenium was associated with mtDNAcn and TL in maternal second trimester and cord blood. Future work will evaluate whether these biomarkers are associated with child health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Pi-I D. Lin
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mohammad L. Rahman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Diane R. Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Brent Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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16
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Saha SK, Saba AA, Hasib M, Rimon RA, Hasan I, Alam MS, Mahmud I, Nabi AN. Evaluation of D-loop hypervariable region I variations, haplogroups and copy number of mitochondrial DNA in Bangladeshi population with type 2 diabetes. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07573. [PMID: 34377852 PMCID: PMC8327661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The profound impact of mitochondrion in cellular metabolism has been well documented. Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction is intricately linked with the disease pathogenesis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants are involved with functional dysfunction of mitochondrion and play a pivotal role in the susceptibility to T2D. In this study, we opted to find the association of mtDNA variants within the D-loop hypervariable region I (HVI), haplogroups and mtDNA copy number with T2D in Bangladeshi population. A total of 300 unrelated Bangladeshi individuals (150 healthy and 150 patients with T2D) were recruited in the present study, their HVI regions were amplified and sequenced using Sanger chemistry. Haplogrep2 and Phylotree17 tools were employed to determine the haplogroups. MtDNA copy number was measured using primers of mitochondrial tRNALeu (UUR) gene and nuclear β2-microglobulin gene. Variants G16048A (OR:0.12, p = 0.04) and G16129A (OR: 0.42, p = 0.007) were found to confer protective role against T2D according to logistic regression analysis. However along with G16129A, two new variants C16294T and T16325C demonstrated protective role against T2D when age and gender were adjusted. Haplogroups A and H showed significant association with the risk of T2D after adjustments out of total 19 major haplogroups identified. The mtDNA copy numbers were stratified into 4 groups according to the quartiles (groups with lower, medium, upper and higher mtDNA copy numbers were respectively designated as LCN, MCN, UCN and HCN). Patients with T2D had significantly lower mtDNA copy number compared to their healthy counterparts in HCN group. Moreover, six mtDNA variants were significantly associated with mtDNA copy number in the participants. Thus, our study confers that certain haplogroups and novel variants of mtDNA are significantly associated with T2D while decreased mtDNA copy number (though not significant) has been observed in patients with T2D. However, largescale studies are warranted to establish association of novel variants and haplogroup with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajoy Kanti Saha
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Saba
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Hasib
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Razoan Al Rimon
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Imrul Hasan
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sohrab Alam
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ishtiaq Mahmud
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - A.H.M. Nurun Nabi
- Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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17
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Mitochondrial DNA-Mediated Inflammation in Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9985603. [PMID: 34306320 PMCID: PMC8263241 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9985603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The integrity and function of mitochondria are essential for normal kidney physiology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely a concern in recent years because its abnormalities may result in disruption of aerobic respiration, cellular dysfunction, and even cell death. Particularly, aberrant mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with the development of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, and urinary mtDNA-CN shows the potential to be a promising indicator for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of kidney function. Several lines of evidence suggest that mtDNA may also trigger innate immunity, leading to kidney inflammation and fibrosis. In mechanism, mtDNA can be released into the cytoplasm under cell stress and recognized by multiple DNA-sensing mechanisms, including Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), cytosolic cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling, and inflammasome activation, which then mediate downstream inflammatory cascades. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of these mtDNA-sensing pathways mediating inflammatory responses and their role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury, nondiabetic chronic kidney disease, and diabetic kidney disease. In addition, we highlight targeting of mtDNA-mediated inflammatory pathways as a novel therapeutic target for these kidney diseases.
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Alwehaidah MS, Al-Kafaji G, Bakhiet M, Alfadhli S. Next-generation sequencing of the whole mitochondrial genome identifies novel and common variants in patients with psoriasis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and psoriasis with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Rep 2021; 14:41. [PMID: 33728047 PMCID: PMC7953201 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in the pathogenesis of both psoriasis (Ps) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) amongst different ethnicities. However, no studies have investigated the mtDNA variants present in patients with Ps, T2D, and both Ps and T2D (Ps-T2D) in the Arab population. The entire mitochondrial genomes of Kuwaiti subjects with Ps, T2D, Ps-T2D and healthy controls were sequenced using Ion Torrent next-generation sequencing. A total of 36 novel mutations and 51 previously reported mutations were identified in the patient groups that were absent in the controls. Amongst the novel mutations, eight were non-synonymous and exhibited amino acid changes. Of these, two missense mutations (G5262A and A12397G) in the ND genes were detected in the Ps group and a C15735T missense mutation in the CYB gene was detected in Ps-T2D. Other known sequence variations were seen more frequently in all or certain patient groups compared with the controls (P<0.05). Additionally, the A8701G missense mutation in the ATPase 6 gene missense mutation was also observed in a higher frequency in the Ps group compared with the control. The present study is the first to perform a complete mitochondrial genome sequence analysis of Kuwaiti subjects with Ps, T2D and Ps-T2D, and both novel and known mtDNA variants were discovered. The patient-specific novel non-synonymous mutations may be co-responsible in the determination of these diseases. The higher frequency of certain mtDNA variants in the patients compared with the controls may suggest a role in predisposing patients to these diseases. Further functional analyses are required to reveal the role of the identified mutations in these disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Materah Salem Alwehaidah
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Sulaibekhat 90805, State of Kuwait
| | - Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medical and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medical and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Suad Alfadhli
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Sulaibekhat 90805, State of Kuwait
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19
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Kumar V. The Trinity of cGAS, TLR9, and ALRs Guardians of the Cellular Galaxy Against Host-Derived Self-DNA. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624597. [PMID: 33643304 PMCID: PMC7905024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system has evolved to protect the host from the pathogens and allergens surrounding their environment. The immune system develops in such a way to recognize self and non-self and develops self-tolerance against self-proteins, nucleic acids, and other larger molecules. However, the broken immunological self-tolerance leads to the development of autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) are expressed by immunological cells on their cell membrane and in the cytosol. Different Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLRs) and absent in melanoma-2 (AIM-2)-like receptors (ALRs) forming inflammasomes in the cytosol, RIG (retinoic acid-inducible gene)-1-like receptors (RLRs), and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are some of the PRRs. The DNA-sensing receptor cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) is another PRR present in the cytosol and the nucleus. The present review describes the role of ALRs (AIM2), TLR9, and cGAS in recognizing the host cell DNA as a potent damage/danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), which moves out to the cytosol from its housing organelles (nucleus and mitochondria). The introduction opens with the concept that the immune system has evolved to recognize pathogens, the idea of horror autotoxicus, and its failure due to the emergence of autoimmune diseases (ADs), and the discovery of PRRs revolutionizing immunology. The second section describes the cGAS-STING signaling pathway mediated cytosolic self-DNA recognition, its evolution, characteristics of self-DNAs activating it, and its role in different inflammatory conditions. The third section describes the role of TLR9 in recognizing self-DNA in the endolysosomes during infections depending on the self-DNA characteristics and various inflammatory diseases. The fourth section discusses about AIM2 (an ALR), which also binds cytosolic self-DNA (with 80–300 base pairs or bp) that inhibits cGAS-STING-dependent type 1 IFN generation but induces inflammation and pyroptosis during different inflammatory conditions. Hence, this trinity of PRRs has evolved to recognize self-DNA as a potential DAMP and comes into action to guard the cellular galaxy. However, their dysregulation proves dangerous to the host and leads to several inflammatory conditions, including sterile-inflammatory conditions autoinflammatory and ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mater Research, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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20
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Yang SY, Castellani CA, Longchamps RJ, Pillalamarri VK, O'Rourke B, Guallar E, Arking DE. Blood-derived mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with gene expression across multiple tissues and is predictive for incident neurodegenerative disease. Genome Res 2021; 31:349-358. [PMID: 33441415 PMCID: PMC7919448 DOI: 10.1101/gr.269381.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a proxy for mitochondrial function and is associated with aging-related diseases. However, it is unclear how mtDNA-CN measured in blood can reflect diseases that primarily manifest in other tissues. Using the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project, we interrogated relationships between mtDNA-CN measured in whole blood and gene expression from whole blood and 47 additional tissues in 419 individuals. mtDNA-CN was significantly associated with expression of 700 genes in whole blood, including nuclear genes required for mtDNA replication. Significant enrichment was observed for splicing and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways, as well as target genes for the mitochondrial transcription factor NRF1. In nonblood tissues, there were more significantly associated genes than expected in 30 tissues, suggesting that global gene expression in those tissues is correlated with blood-derived mtDNA-CN. Neurodegenerative disease pathways were significantly associated in multiple tissues, and in an independent data set, the UK Biobank, we observed that higher mtDNA-CN was significantly associated with lower rates of both prevalent (OR = 0.89, CI = 0.83; 0.96) and incident neurodegenerative disease (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91;0.98). The observation that mtDNA-CN measured in blood is associated with gene expression in other tissues suggests that blood-derived mtDNA-CN can reflect metabolic health across multiple tissues. Identification of key pathways including splicing, RNA binding, and catalysis reinforces the importance of mitochondria in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Finally, validation of the role of mtDNA CN in neurodegenerative disease in a large independent cohort study solidifies the link between blood-derived mtDNA-CN, altered gene expression in multiple tissues, and aging-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Y Yang
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Christina A Castellani
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Ryan J Longchamps
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Vamsee K Pillalamarri
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Brian O'Rourke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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21
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Leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number and built environment in Mexican Americans: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14988. [PMID: 32917938 PMCID: PMC7486918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in leukocytes has been regarded as a biomarker for various environmental exposures and chronic diseases. Our previous study showed that certain demographic factors (e.g. age, gender, BMI, etc.) significantly affect levels of leukocyte mtDNA copy number in Mexican Americans. However, the effect of the built environment on leukocyte mtDNA copy number has not been studied previously. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the association between multiple components of the built environment with leukocyte mtDNA copy number among 5,502 Mexican American adults enrolled in Mano-A-Mano, the Mexican American Cohort Study (MACS). Based on the median levels of mtDNA copy number, the study population was stratified into low mtDNA copy number group (< median) and high mtDNA copy number group (≥ median). Among all built environment exposure variables, household density and road/intersection ratio were found to be statistically significant between groups with low and high mtDNA copy number (P < 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, individuals living in areas with elevated levels of household density had 1.24-fold increased odds of having high levels of mtDNA copy number [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CIs) 1.08, 1.36]. Similarly, those living in areas with elevated levels of road/intersection ratio had 1.12-fold increased odds of having high levels of mtDNA copy number (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.01, 1.27). In further analysis, when both variables were analyzed together in a multivariate logistic regression model, the significant associations remained. In summary, our results suggest that selected built environment variables (e.g. population density and road/intersection ratio) may influence levels of mtDNA copy number in leukocytes in Mexican Americans.
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22
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Ma C, Liu Y, He S, Zeng J, Li P, Ma C, Ping F, Zhang H, Xu L, Li W, Li Y. Association Between Leukocyte Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Chinese Population Is Mediated by 8-Oxo-2'-Deoxyguanosine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:536. [PMID: 33015093 PMCID: PMC7511508 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alterations in mitochondrial DNA are potentially associated with oxidative stress and may be involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the association between mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and NAFLD was not consistent. In addition, the association between inflammation and NAFLD has not been established yet. The present study, based on a Chinese population of individuals with different glucose statuses, aimed to explore the association between leukocyte mtDNAcn, markers of oxidative stress, and inflammation and NAFLD. Methods: A total of 318 participants from a diabetes project were included. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Leukocyte mtDNAcn was determined by PCR assay. The levels of the inflammation markers tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and the oxidative stress markers glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) were also measured. Results: Participants with NAFLD (n = 105) exhibited significantly higher leukocyte mtDNAcn, IL-6, and 8-oxo-dG (all P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated mtDNAcn was negatively associated with age, uric acid, SOD, and TNF-α, but was positively associated with 8-oxo-dG (all P < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that mtDNAcn was positively associated with NAFLD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.617, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.036–2.525; P = 0.034]. However, after adjustment for 8-oxo-dG, this association was no longer statistically significant (OR = 1.534, 95% CI = 0.979–2.403, P = 0.062). Moreover, the stress marker 8-oxo-dG was independently associated with NAFLD after adjustment for mtDNAcn, IL-6, glucose tolerance status, and other conventional NAFLD risk factors (OR = 1.707, 95% CI =1.142–2.550, P = 0.009). Mediation analysis indicated that 8-oxo-dG fully mediated the effect of mtDNAcn on the incidence of NAFLD (direct effect β = 0.5221, 95% CI = −0.0648 to 1.2504; indirect effect β = 0.0946, 95% CI = 0.0049–0.2463). Conclusions: In a Chinese population, the association between leukocyte mtDNAcn and NAFLD was fully mediated by high levels of 8-oxo-dG. Thus, oxidative stress may be an important driver of NAFLD, and clinical interventions aimed at decreasing oxidative stress to improve NAFLD warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chifa Ma
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli He
- Department of Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbo Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuxing Hospital, The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Ping
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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23
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Ma C, He S, Li P, Zhang H, Li W, Li Y. Negative Association between Caloric Intake and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Chinese Population: Mediation Models Involving Mitochondrial Function. Gerontology 2020; 66:439-446. [PMID: 32663832 DOI: 10.1159/000508497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the shortening of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and decrease in the copy number of mitochondrial DNA, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are considered important drivers of the aging process. Although previous experimental studies report that caloric intake is associated with age-related renal dysfunction through the changes in mitochondrial function, there are insufficient epidemiological data to establish this association. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the association between caloric intake and renal function and to investigate whether mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) mediated this association by cross-sectional analysis. METHODS A total of 403 individuals from a Chinese rural cohort (women = 66.50%; mean age = 53.94 ± 10.27 years) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and with differences in the glucose tolerance status (diabetes, n = 106; prediabetes, n = 125; normal glucose tolerance, n = 172) were included. Dietary data were obtained by a 24-h food recall, and caloric intake was normalized by ideal body weight. The mtDNAcn and LTL were detected using real-time PCR assay. The associations between caloric intake, aging markers, and renal function were analyzed by partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Mediation analysis was applied to examine the role of mtDNAcn in the association between caloric intake and eGFR. RESULTS Caloric intake was higher while age-adjusted mtDNAcn was lower in individuals with eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 140) than in those with eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 263). After adjusting for multiple factors, linear regression analysis revealed that caloric intake was negatively associated with eGFR and mtDNAcn, while mtDNAcn was positively associated with eGFR. Moreover, mediation analysis indicated that the indirect effect of caloric intake on eGFR through mtDNAcn was significant (β = -0.0505, 95% confidence interval -0.0931 to -0.0190). CONCLUSIONS Caloric intake was negatively associated with eGFR in a Chinese population, and the association was partly mediated by decreased mtDNAcn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chifa Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli He
- Department of Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China,
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24
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Zhang X, Wang T, Ji J, Wang H, Zhu X, Du P, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Chen W. The distinct spatiotemporal distribution and effect of feed restriction on mtDNA copy number in broilers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3240. [PMID: 32094402 PMCID: PMC7039872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number reflects the abundance of mitochondria in cells and is dependent on the energy requirements of tissues. We hypothesized that the mtDNA copy number in poultry may change with age and tissue, and feed restriction may affect the growth and health of poultry by changing mtDNA content in a tissue-specific pattern. TaqMan real-time PCR was used to quantify mtDNA copy number using three different segments of the mitochondrial genome (D-loop, ATP6, and ND6) relative to the nuclear single-copy preproglucagon gene (GCG). The effect of sex, age, and dietary restriction (quantitative, energy, and protein restriction) on mtDNA copy number variation in the tissues of broilers was investigated. We found that mtDNA copy number varied among tissues (P < 0.01) and presented a distinct change in spatiotemporal pattern. After hatching, the number of mtDNA copies significantly decreased with age in the liver and increased in muscle tissues, including heart, pectoralis, and leg muscles. Newborn broilers (unfed) and embryos (E 11 and E 17) had similar mtDNA contents in muscle tissues. Among 42 d broilers, females had a higher mtDNA copy number than males in the tissues examined. Feed restriction (8-21 d) significantly reduced the body weight but did not significantly change the mtDNA copy number of 21 d broilers. After three weeks of compensatory growth (22-42 d), only the body weight of broilers with a quantitatively restricted diet remained significantly lower than that of broilers in the control group (P < 0.05), while any type of early feed restriction significantly reduced the mtDNA copy number in muscle tissues of 42 d broilers. In summary, the mtDNA copy number of broilers was regulated in a tissue- and age-specific manner. A similar pattern of spatiotemporal change in response to early feed restriction was found in the mtDNA content of muscle tissues, including cardiac and skeletal muscle, whereas liver mtDNA content changed differently with age and dietary restriction. It seems that early restrictions in feed could effectively lower the mtDNA content in muscle cells to reduce the tissue overload in broilers at 42 d to some degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Zhang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Jiefei Ji
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Huanjie Wang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Xinghao Zhu
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Du
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhu
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Huang
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China.
| | - Wen Chen
- College of Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, No. 15 Longzi Lake University Campus, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
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25
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Huang Y, Chi J, Wei F, Zhou Y, Cao Y, Wang Y. Mitochondrial DNA: A New Predictor of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:3650937. [PMID: 32733553 PMCID: PMC7378596 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3650937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common cause of end-stage renal disease, and diagnosis and treatment in time can help delay its progress. At present, there are more and more studies on the pathogenesis of DKD; mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in DKD. The occurrence and development of DKD is closely related to epigenetic changes and the interaction between mtDNA, ROS, inflammatory factors, and endothelial damage, which continuously aggravates kidney. The change of mtDNA is both the cause of DKD and the result of DKD. It is of great significance to incorporate the change of mtDNA into the monitoring of patients with diabetes. Existing evidence indicates that changes in mtDNA copy number in blood and urine reflect mitochondrial dysfunction and the severity of DKD. However, large-scale, long-term follow-up clinical trials are still needed to determine the threshold range. By the time, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants will become a new method for the treatment of DKD and other diabetic complications; mtDNA also can be a therapeutic target for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingwei Chi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fanxiang Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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26
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Alharbi MA, Al-Kafaji G, Khalaf NB, Messaoudi SA, Taha S, Daif A, Bakhiet M. Four novel mutations in the mitochondrial ND4 gene of complex I in patients with multiple sclerosis. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:257-268. [PMID: 31798871 PMCID: PMC6873451 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Recent studies have suggested that genetic variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded complexes of respiratory chain, particularly, complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), contribute to the pathogenicity of MS among different ethnicities, and targeting mitochondrial function may represent a novel approach for MS therapy. In this study, we sequenced ND genes (ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5 and ND6) encoding subunits of complex I in 124 subjects, 60 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 64 healthy individuals, in order to identify potential novel mutations in these patients. We found several variants in ND genes in both the patients and controls, and specific variants only in patients with MS. While the majority of these variants were synonymous, 4 variants in the ND4 gene were identified as missense mutations in patients with MS. Of these, m.11150G>A was observed in one patient, whereas m.11519A>C, m.11523A>C and m.11527C>T were observed in another patient. Functional analysis predicted the mutations, m.11519A>C, m.11523A>C and m.11150G>A, as deleterious with a direct impact on ND4 protein stability and complex I function, whereas m.11527C>T mutation had no effect on ND4 protein stability. However, the 3 mutations, m.11519A>C, m.11523A>C and m.11527C>T, which were observed in the same patient, were predicted to cause a cumulative destabilizing effect on ND4 protein, and could thus disrupt complex I function. On the whole, this study identified 4 novel mutations in the mtDNA-encoded ND4 gene in patients with MS, which could lead to complex I dysfunction, and further confirmed the implication of mtDNA mutations in the pathogenicity of MS. The identified novel mutations in patients with MS may be ethnic-related and may prove to be significant in personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Atallah Alharbi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh 14812, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Al-Jawhara Centre for Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Safia Abdulsalam Messaoudi
- College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh 14812, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Al-Jawhara Centre for Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Abdulqader Daif
- King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Al-Jawhara Centre for Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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27
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Bordoni L, Smerilli V, Nasuti C, Gabbianelli R. Mitochondrial DNA methylation and copy number predict body composition in a young female population. J Transl Med 2019; 17:399. [PMID: 31779622 PMCID: PMC6883616 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since both genomic and environmental factors are involved in obesity etiology, several studies about the influence of adiposity on both nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA methylation patterns have been carried out. Nevertheless, few evidences exploring the usage of buccal swab samples to study mitochondrial DNA epigenetics can be found in literature. Methods In this study, mitochondrial DNA from buccal swabs collected from a young Caucasian population (n = 69) have been used to examine potential correlation between mitochondrial DNA copy number and methylation with body composition (BMI, WHtR and bioimpedance measurements). Results A negative correlation between mitochondrial DNA copy number and BMI was measured in females (p = 0.028), but not in males. The mean percentage of D-loop methylation is significantly higher in overweight than in lean female subjects (p = 0.003), and a specific CpG located in the D-loop shows per se an association with impaired body composition (p = 0.004). Body composition impairment is predicted by a combined variable including mtDNA copy number and the D-loop methylation (AUC = 0.785; p = 0.009). Conclusions This study corroborates the hypothesis that mitochondrial DNA carries relevant information about body composition. However, wider investigations able to validate the usage of mtDNA methylation from buccal swabs as a biomarker are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Vanessa Smerilli
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Cinzia Nasuti
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Sharma BR, Karki R, Kanneganti TD. Role of AIM2 inflammasome in inflammatory diseases, cancer and infection. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:1998-2011. [PMID: 31372985 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM2 is a cytosolic innate immune receptor which recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) released during cellular perturbation and pathogenic assault. AIM2 recognition of dsDNA leads to the assembly of a large multiprotein oligomeric complex termed the inflammasome. This inflammasome assembly leads to the secretion of bioactive interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and induction of an inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. Sensing of dsDNA by AIM2 in the cytosol is crucial to mediate protection against the invading pathogens including bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites. AIM2 also responds to dsDNA released from damaged host cells, resulting in the secretion of the effector cytokines thereby driving the progression of sterile inflammatory diseases such as skin disease, neuronal disease, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Additionally, the protection mediated by AIM2 in the development of colorectal cancer depends on its ability to regulate epithelial cell proliferation and gut microbiota in maintaining intestinal homeostasis independently of the effector cytokines. In this review, we will highlight the recent progress on the role of the AIM2 inflammasome as a guardian of cellular integrity in modulating chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhesh Raj Sharma
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Skuratovskaia D, Litvinova L, Vulf M, Zatolokin P, Popadin K, Mazunin I. From Normal to Obesity and Back: The Associations between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Gender, and Body Mass Index. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050430. [PMID: 31075887 PMCID: PMC6562937 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes core subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes and, as a result of intricate regulatory crosstalk between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, the total number of mtDNA copies fits the requirements of each cell type. Deviations from the physiological number of mtDNA copies are expected to be deleterious and might cause some inherited diseases and normal ageing. We studied 46 obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) one year after a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The results were compared with normal-weight patients without T2DM (control group 1) (body mass index (BMI) = 22.5 ± 3.01 kg/m2) and patients with obesity without T2DM (control group 2) (BMI = 36 ± 3.45 kg/m2). We detected an increase of mtDNA copy number in the cells of the buffy coat obtained from peripheral blood, sampled one year after bariatric surgery. We also found that average mtDNA copy number as well as its dynamics (before and after the surgery) are gender-specific. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence for the restoration of mtDNA copy number in obese patients after LSG and RYGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Skuratovskaia
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Maria Vulf
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Pavel Zatolokin
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
- Department of Reconstructive and Endoscopic Surgery, Kaliningrad Regional Hospital, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
| | - Konstantin Popadin
- Center for Mitochondrial Functional Genomics, Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236040, Russia.
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ilia Mazunin
- Institute of Medicine, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia.
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