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Luo Q, Luo L, Zhao J, Wang Y, Luo H. Biological Potential and Mechanisms of Tea's Bioactive Compounds in Tea: An Updated Review. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00378-8. [PMID: 38056775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea (Camellia sinensis) has a rich history and is widely consumed across many countries, and is categorized into green tea, white tea, oolong tea, yellow tea, black tea, and dark tea based on the level of fermentation. Based on a review of previous literature, the commonly recognized bioactive substances in tea include tea polyphenols, amino acids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, macro minerals, trace elements, and vitamins, which have been known to have various potential health benefits, such as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, and anti-obesity properties, cardiovascular protection, immune regulation, and control of the intestinal microbiota. Most studies have only pointed out the characteristics of tea's bioactivities, so a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms of tea's bioactivities and their use risks are vital. AIM of Review The aim of this paper is to summarize the bioactive substances of tea and their pharmacological characteristics and mechanisms, providing a scientific basis for the application of bioactive substances in tea and outlining future research directions for the study of bioactive substances in tea. Key Scientific Concepts of Review This review summarizes the main biologically active substances, pharmacological effects, and mechanisms and discusses the potential risks. It may help researchers to grasp more comprehensive progress in the study of tea bioactive substances to further promote the application of tea as a natural bioactive substance in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxian Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Longbiao Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China.
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, P. R. China; College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China.
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Tan Y, Wei Z, Liu K, Qin Y, Hui W. Lifestyle habits and gastric cancer in an East Asian population: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1224753. [PMID: 37731647 PMCID: PMC10507616 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1224753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological evidence suggests an association between lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, tea, coffee intake, etc.) and gastric cancer (GC). However, the causal relationship remains uncertain. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to ascertain whether there is a causal connection between them. Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using the publicly available Genome Wide Association Study summary datasets using six methods: inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, MR using a Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR.Raps), MR using a Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR-PRESSO), Radial regression of MR, and Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect Estimates (CAUSE). A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the results. Results In an East Asian population, we found that increased tea intake reduced the risk of GC [odds ratio (OR)= 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.82-0.99, P = 0.037] while there was a positive association between smoking and GC (OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.04-2.39, P = 0.032). No causal relationship between alcohol and coffee intake and GC. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of these causal associations. Conclusions Our study suggests that tea intake may reduce the risk of GC, for which smoking is a potential risk factor. Nevertheless, a larger and more diverse sample size is needed for further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuegui Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi’an Fifth Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhao Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuzhen Qin
- Xi’an Jiaotong-liverpool University, XJTLU Wisdom Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqi Hui
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi’an Fifth Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi, China
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Dong C, Wang Z, Shen P, Chen Y, Wang J, Wang H. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses the growth of human osteosarcoma by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8490-8502. [PMID: 35348430 PMCID: PMC9161922 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant tumors in adolescents. Due to local invasion, distant metastasis and drug resistance, the clinical treatment efficacy and prognosis of OS have remained almost unchanged for decades. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a unique catechin from tea leaves, and some studies have confirmed its antitumour effects on various tumors. Here, cellular experiments showed that EGCG significantly promoted OS cell apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, and cell and animal experiments demonstrated that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway played an indispensable role in the antitumour effects of EGCG. Moreover, EGCG inhibited the growth of OS cells in vitro while suppressing tumor cell damage to the bone in situ and distant lung metastasis. The results indicate that the antitumour effect of EGCG on human OS may be mediated by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and that EGCG can be used alone or in combination with other regimens as a potentially effective anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yingguo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jinshu Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Cosmetology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
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GAO Y, CAO Z, ZHOU F, ZHAO Y, TANG L, ZHANG H. Association between tea drinking and endometrial cancer risk: a meta-analysis. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.90021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu GAO
- Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District
| | - Zhihong CAO
- Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District
| | - Fushun ZHOU
- Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District
| | - Yanmei ZHAO
- Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District
| | - Lihong TANG
- Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District
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Rha CS, Jung YS, Lee JD, Jang D, Kim MS, Lee MS, Hong YD, Kim DO. Chemometric Analysis of Extracts and Fractions from Green, Oxidized, and Microbial Fermented Teas and Their Correlation to Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9101015. [PMID: 33086613 PMCID: PMC7650543 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous reports on phytochemicals in green tea (GT) and processed teas mainly focused on more representative compounds such as catechins. Here, we focus on the insignificantly studied non-catechin components in tea extracts, and explore the multivariate correlation between diverse phenolic compounds in tea and the in vitro antioxidant and anticancer effects. Extracts from GT and four types of processed teas were further divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions, whose phenolic compositions and antioxidant capacities were quantified using HPLC-MS and three antioxidant assays, respectively. For three types of teas, the anticancer effects of their extracts and fractions were assessed using cancer cell lines. The hydrophobic fractions had lower antioxidant capacities than the corresponding hydrophilic fractions, but exhibited superior antiproliferative effects on cancer cells compared with the whole extract and the hydrophilic fraction. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis revealed a strong correlation between the anticancer effects and the theaflavins and flavonols. Therefore, in addition to catechins, the hydrophobic fraction of tea extracts may have beneficial health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Su Rha
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.-S.R.); (D.-O.K.); Tel.: +82-31-280-5981 (C.-S.R.); +82-31-201-3796 (D.-O.K.)
| | - Young Sung Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.S.J.); (D.J.); (M.-S.K.)
| | - Jung-Dae Lee
- Osulloc Tea R&D Center, Osulloc Farm Corporation, Seogwipo 63521, Korea; (J.-D.L.); (M.-S.L.)
| | - Davin Jang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.S.J.); (D.J.); (M.-S.K.)
| | - Mi-Seon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.S.J.); (D.J.); (M.-S.K.)
| | - Min-Seuk Lee
- Osulloc Tea R&D Center, Osulloc Farm Corporation, Seogwipo 63521, Korea; (J.-D.L.); (M.-S.L.)
| | | | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.S.J.); (D.J.); (M.-S.K.)
- Correspondence: (C.-S.R.); (D.-O.K.); Tel.: +82-31-280-5981 (C.-S.R.); +82-31-201-3796 (D.-O.K.)
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Sheerah H, Keyang L, Eshak ES, Cui R, Shirai K, Muraki I, Iso H, Tamakoshi A. Association of tea consumption and the risk of gastric cancer in Japanese adults: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038243. [PMID: 33028558 PMCID: PMC7539605 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the possible relationship between tea consumption and risk of gastric cancer (GC) among Japanese men and women included in a large Japanese population-based study titled the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING A population-based cohort included subjects who were recruited from 24 areas of JACC Study, in which data regarding the incidence of cancer were available. PARTICIPANTS 63 848 participants (26 025 men and 37 823 women), aged 40-79, were included in the analyses and underwent follow-up (median 13.3 years) prospectively in research on cancer incidence. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome variable was the risk of GC according to the frequency intakes of total tea, green tea, black tea and oolong tea. The adjusted HRs for the risk of GC associated with tea consumption were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS 1494 cases of GC were detected (960 men and 534 women) during the follow-up period. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for the risk of GC in the highest versus lowest quintiles of total tea intake were 1.05 (0.83-1.33); p trend=0.50 in men, and 0.82 (0.60-1.12); p trend=0.45 in women. There was no association found between the consumption of green tea, black tea or oolong tea with the risk for GC in either gender. CONCLUSIONS In this large community-based prospective cohort study, tea consumption was not associated with the risk of GC in either gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haytham Sheerah
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Liu Keyang
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Ehab Salah Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Minia, Egypt
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Socia Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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A Simple, Label-Free, and High-Throughput Method to Evaluate the Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Impact in Plasma Molecular Profile. High Throughput 2020; 9:ht9020009. [PMID: 32283584 PMCID: PMC7349803 DOI: 10.3390/ht9020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechin present in green tea, presents diverse appealing biological activities, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities, among others. The present work evaluated the impact in the molecular profile of human plasma from daily consumption of 225 mg of EGCG for 90 days. Plasma from peripheral blood was collected from 30 healthy human volunteers and analyzed by high-throughput Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. To capture the biochemical information while minimizing the interference of physical phenomena, several combinations of spectra pre-processing methods were evaluated by principal component analysis. The pre-processing method that led to the best class separation, that is, between the plasma spectral data collected at the beginning and after the 90 days, was a combination of atmospheric correction with a second derivative spectra. A hierarchical cluster analysis of second derivative spectra also highlighted the fact that plasma acquired before EGCG consumption presented a distinct molecular profile after the 90 days of EGCG consumption. It was also possible by partial least squares regression discriminant analysis to correctly predict all unlabeled plasma samples (not used for model construction) at both timeframes. We observed that the similarity in composition among the plasma samples was higher in samples collected after EGCG consumption when compared with the samples taken prior to EGCG consumption. Diverse negative peaks of the normalized second derivative spectra, associated with lipid and protein regions, were significantly affected (p < 0.001) by EGCG consumption, according to the impact of EGCG consumption on the patients’ blood, low density and high density lipoproteins ratio. In conclusion, a single bolus dose of 225 mg of EGCG, ingested throughout a period of 90 days, drastically affected plasma molecular composition in all participants, which raises awareness regarding prolonged human exposure to EGCG. Because the analysis was conducted in a high-throughput, label-free, and economic analysis, it could be applied to high-dimension molecular epidemiological studies to further promote the understanding of the effect of bio-compound consumption mode and frequency.
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Zhang D, Nichols HB, Troester M, Cai J, Bensen JT, Sandler DP. Tea consumption and breast cancer risk in a cohort of women with family history of breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:876-886. [PMID: 31837003 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory studies have observed chemopreventive effects of black and green tea on breast cancer development, but few epidemiologic studies have identified such effects. We investigated the association between tea consumption and breast cancer risk using data from 45,744 U.S. and Puerto Rican women participating in the Sister Study. Frequency and serving size of black and green tea consumption were measured at cohort enrollment. Breast cancer diagnoses were reported during follow-up and confirmed by medical record review. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We further investigated potential variation according to estrogen receptor (ER) status, menopausal status and body mass index (BMI). Overall, 81.6 and 56.0% of women drank black or green tea, respectively. A total of 2,809 breast cancer cases were identified in the cohort. The multivariable model suggested an inverse association between black (≥5 vs. 0 cups/week: HR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.78, 1.00, p-trend = 0.08) and green tea (≥5 vs. 0 cups/week: HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.70, 0.95, p-trend < 0.01) consumption and breast cancer risk. We did not observe differences by ER characteristics, menopausal status or BMI. In conclusion, our study suggests drinking at least five cups of green or black tea per week may be associated with decreased breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Hazel B Nichols
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Melissa Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jeannette T Bensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
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Li X, Yu C, Guo Y, Bian Z, Shen Z, Yang L, Chen Y, Wei Y, Zhang H, Qiu Z, Chen J, Chen F, Chen Z, Lv J, Li L. Association between tea consumption and risk of cancer: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2019; 34:753-763. [PMID: 31152367 PMCID: PMC6602977 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-019-00530-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current experimental and epidemiological studies provide inconsistent evidence toward the association between tea consumption and cancer incidence. We investigated whether tea consumption was associated with the incidence of all cancers and six leading types of cancer (lung cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer and cervix uteri cancer) among 455,981 participants aged 30-79 years in the prospective cohort China Kadoorie Biobank. Tea consumption was assessed at baseline (2004-2008) with an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Cancer cases were identified by linkage to the national health insurance system. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In the present population, daily tea consumers were more likely to be current smokers and daily alcohol consumers. 22,652 incident cancers occurred during 10.1 years follow-up (5.04 cases/1000 person-years). When we restricted analyses to non-smokers and non-excessive alcohol consumers to minimize confounding, tea consumption was not associated with all cancers (daily consumers who added tea leaves > 4.0 g/day vs. less-than-weekly consumers: HR, 1.03; 95%CI, 0.93-1.13), lung cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.84-1.40), colorectal cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.81-1.45) and liver cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.75-1.55), yet might be associated with increased risk of stomach cancer (HR, 1.46; CI, 1.07-1.99). In both less-than-daily and daily tea consumers, all cancer risk increased with the amount of tobacco smoked or alcohol consumed. Our findings suggest tea consumption may not provide preventive effect against cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zewei Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Liuyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe Qiu
- Liuyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuyang, Hunan, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Mekky RY, El-Ekiaby N, El Sobky SA, Elemam NM, Youness RA, El-Sayed M, Hamza MT, Esmat G, Abdelaziz AI. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and miR-548m reduce HCV entry through repression of CD81 receptor in HCV cell models. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1587-1595. [PMID: 30949812 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant component in green tea extract, that has powerful antioxidant and antiviral effects. It has been previously reported to inhibit HCV entry via several mechanisms. Hence, this study aimed at further investigating the potential impact of EGCG on HCV entry through regulation of the expression of tetraspanin receptor CD81 by the novel predicted miR-548m. Liver biopsies were obtained from 29 HCV patients and 10 healthy controls for expression profiling. Huh7 cells were stimulated with EGCG and subsequently miR-548m expression was assessed. Naïve, HCV- ED43/JFH-1 and HCV-JFH-1 infected Huh7 cells were transfected by miR-548m mimics and inhibitors. Consequently, CD81 protein and mRNA levels were assessed using flow cytometry and qRT-PCR, respectively. Additionally, these cells were used to investigate HCV permissiveness into Huh7 cells using qRT-PCR for viral quantification. Direct binding confirmation of miR-548m to CD81 was done using luciferase reporter assay. In-silico analysis revealed miR-548m to have two potential binding sites in the 3'UTR of CD81 mRNA. EGCG boosted miR-548m expression in Huh7 cells. Additionally, miR-548m caused a downregulation of CD81 protein and mRNA levels as well as reduction in HCV infectivity of Huh7 cells. Luciferase binding assay confirmed the binding of miR-548m to CD81 mRNA at the two predicted binding sites. Intriguingly, miR-548m expression was not detected in healthy liver biopsies but was found in liver biopsies of HCV patients. This study shows that EGCG might act as an anti-HCV agent that reduces cellular infectivity via enhancing miR-548m expression and repressing CD81 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Yehia Mekky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada El-Ekiaby
- School of Medicine, NewGiza University (NGU), NewGiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alex Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana Ahmed Youness
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad El-Sayed
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal Esmat
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz
- School of Medicine, NewGiza University (NGU), NewGiza, Km 22 Cairo-Alex Road, Cairo, Egypt.
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Tea consumption and oxidative stress: a cross-sectional analysis of 889 premenopausal women from the Sister Study. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:582-590. [PMID: 30567620 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In experimental and clinical studies, green or black tea consumption has been shown to reduce oxidative stress. However, these studies involved high levels of tea consumption and may not reflect patterns in the general population. Here, we examined the association between black or green tea consumption and oxidative stress in a cross-sectional study of 889 premenopausal US women aged 35-54 years. Tea consumption was measured using the Block-98 FFQ. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2α (F2-IsoP) and 2,3-dinor-5,6-dihydro-15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP-M) were used as biomarkers of oxidative stress. These compounds were measured by MS and normalised to creatinine. Linear regression was used to calculate the geometric mean differences (GMD) and 95% CI for log-transformed urinary F2-IsoP or 15-F2t-IsoP-M in relation to black or green tea consumption. We further examined whether adjusting for caffeine impacted associations between tea and oxidative stress. Geometric means of urinary F2-IsoP and 15-F2t-IsoP-M were 1·44 (95% CI 1·39, 1·49) and 0·71 (95% CI 0·69, 0·73) ng/mg creatinine, respectively. Overall, green tea consumption was not associated with urinary F2-IsoP or 15-F2t-IsoP-M. High-level black tea consumption (≥5 cups/week compared with 0) was associated with higher 15-F2t-IsoP-M concentrations (adjusted GMD=0·10, 95 % CI 0·02-0.19) but not F2-IsoP. Adjusting for caffeine nullified the association between black tea and 15-F2t-IsoP-M. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that dietary tea consumption is inversely associated with oxidative stress.
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Abstract
Hippocrates, the father of medicine, had said: "Wine is a thing wonderfully appropriate to man if, in health as in disease, it is administered with appropriate and just measure according to the individual constitution." Wine has always accompanied humanity, for religion or for health. Christians and Jews need wine for the liturgy. For Plato, wine was an indispensable element in society and the most important in the symposium. In this second part of the banquet, mixed with water, the wine gave the word. If the French paradox made a lot of ink flow; it was the wine that was originally responsible for it. Many researchers have tried to study alcohol and polyphenols in wine, in order to solve the mystery. Beyond its cardiovascular effects, there are also effects on longevity, metabolism, cancer prevention, and neuroprotection, and the list goes on. The purpose of this work is to make an analysis of the current knowledge on the subject. Indeed, if the paradigm of antioxidants is seductive, it is perhaps by their prooxidant effect that the polyphenols act, by an epigenetic process mediated by nrf2. Wine is a preserve of antioxidants for the winter and it is by this property that the wine acts, in an alcoholic solution. A wine without alcohol is pure heresy. Wine is the elixir that by design, over millennials, has acted as a pharmacopeia that enabled man to heal and prosper on the planet. From Alvise Cornaro to Serge Renaud, nutrition was the key to health and longevity, whether the Cretan or Okinawa diet, it is the small dose of alcohol (wine or sake) that allows the bioavailability of polyphenols. Moderate drinking gives a protection for diseases and a longevity potential. In conclusion, let us drink fewer, but drink better, to live older.
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van den Brandt PA. Coffee or Tea? A prospective cohort study on the associations of coffee and tea intake with overall and cause-specific mortality in men versus women. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 33:183-200. [PMID: 29380105 PMCID: PMC5871637 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Coffee and tea intake have been associated with reduced mortality, but no studies have investigated possible substitution effects. The relationship of mortality with coffee, tea, and substituting coffee with tea was investigated in the Netherlands Cohort Study. In 1986, 120,852 men and women aged 55-69 years provided information on dietary and lifestyle habits. Mortality follow-up until 1996 consisted of linkage to Statistics Netherlands. Multivariate case-cohort analyses were based on 8665 deaths and 3166 subcohort members with complete data on coffee, tea and confounders. Higher coffee intake was significantly, nonlinearly related to lower overall and cause-specific mortality in women. In men, coffee was significantly positively related to cancer and cardiovascular mortality, and inversely to respiratory and other causes of death. Tea intake was significantly, nonlinearly related to lower overall, cancer and cardiovascular mortality in men, but showed no association with mortality in women. In substitution analyses, increasing the proportion tea (replacing coffee with tea) was significantly and nonlinearly related to lower overall, cancer and cardiovascular mortality in men, but in women higher tea proportions were positively associated with overall mortality (and most causes of death). This study suggests that for men, compared to exclusive coffee drinkers, those drinking 30-50% tea showed the lowest mortality; any tea drinking seemed better than only coffee. For women, those who drank exclusively coffee or drinking up to 40% tea had the lowest mortality, but those drinking higher percentages of tea were at increased mortality risk [HR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.01-1.99) for 80-100% tea compared to exclusive coffee drinkers].
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Affiliation(s)
- Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI-School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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15
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Skąpska S, Marszałek K, Woźniak Ł, Zawada K, Wawer I. Aronia dietary drinks fortified with selected herbal extracts preserved by thermal pasteurization and high pressure carbon dioxide. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Molecular aspects of cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacies of tea and tea polyphenols. Nutrition 2017; 43-44:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Wang YZ, Li JL, Wang X, Zhang T, Ho WZ. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhances poly I:C-induced interferon-λ1 production and inhibits hepatitis C virus replication in hepatocytes. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:5895-5903. [PMID: 28932081 PMCID: PMC5583574 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i32.5895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C)-triggered intracellular innate immunity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes. METHODS A cell culture model of HCV infection was generated by infecting a hepatoma cell line, Huh7, with HCV JFH-1 strain (JFH-1-Huh7). Poly I:C with a high molecular weight and EGCG were used to stimulate the JFH-1-Huh7 cells. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of intracellular mRNAs and of intracellular and extracellular HCV RNA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the interferon (IFN)-λ1 protein level in the cell culture supernatant. Immunostaining was used to examine HCV core protein expression in Huh7 cells. RESULTS Our recent study showed that HCV replication could impair poly I:C-triggered intracellular innate immune responses in hepatocytes. In the current study, we showed that EGCG treatment significantly increased the poly I:C-induced expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), retinoic acid-inducible gene I, and IFN-λ1 in JFH-1-Huh7 cells. In addition, supplementation with EGCG increased the poly I:C-mediated antiviral activity in JFH-1-Huh7 cells at the intracellular and extracellular HCV RNA and protein levels. Further investigation of the mechanisms showed that EGCG treatment significantly enhanced the poly I:C-induced expression of IFN-regulatory factor 9 and several antiviral IFN-stimulated genes, including ISG15, ISG56, myxovirus resistance A, and 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, which encode the key antiviral elements in the IFN signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our observations provide experimental evidence that EGCG has the ability to enhance poly I:C-induced intracellular antiviral innate immunity against HCV replication in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jie-Liang Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wen-Zhe Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
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18
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Synergistic effects of combination treatment using EGCG and suramin against the chikungunya virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:595-602. [PMID: 28760340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya is a severe disease that results from infection with the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus. Thus, we (1) explored a new approach to combining previously researched drugs that have shown the potential to inhibit CHIKV infection; and (2) demonstrated the antiviral effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, we used U2OS cells infected with CHIVK to assess the synergistic antiviral activities of EGCG and suramin. EGCG presented the ability to inhibit the viral RNA, progeny yield, and cytopathic effect (CPE) of CHIKV and also demonstrated the ability to protect against virus entry, replication, and release. Moreover, the results confirmed that EGCG and suramin can have synergistic effects against CHIKV strain S27 infection and two other clinical isolates of CHIKV. Our findings suggest that treatment with a combination of EGCG and suramin could provide a basis for the development of novel stretages against CHIKV infection.
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Green Tea Polyphenols, Mimicking the Effects of Dietary Restriction, Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Kidney Injury via Regulating Autophagy Flux. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050497. [PMID: 28505110 PMCID: PMC5452227 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies reveal that Western dietary patterns contribute to chronic kidney disease, whereas dietary restriction (DR) or dietary polyphenols such as green tea polyphenols (GTPs) can ameliorate the progression of kidney injury. This study aimed to investigate the renal protective effects of GTPs and explore the underlying mechanisms. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: standard diet (STD), DR, high-fat diet (HFD), and three diets plus 200 mg/kg(bw)/day GTPs, respectively. After 18 weeks, HFD group exhibited renal injuries by increased serum cystatin C levels and urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase activity, which can be ameliorated by GTPs. Meanwhile, autophagy impairment as denoted by autophagy-lysosome related proteins, including LC3-II, Beclin-1, p62, cathepsin B, cathepsin D and LAMP-1, was observed in HFD group, whereas DR or GTPs promoted renal autophagy activities and GTPs ameliorated HFD-induced autophagy impairment. In vitro, autophagy flux suppression was detected in palmitic acid (PA)-treated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), which was ameliorated by epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Furthermore, GTPs (or EGCG) elevated phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase in the kidneys of HFD-treated rats and in PA-treated HK-2 cells. These findings revealed that GTPs mimic the effects of DR to induce autophagy and exert a renal protective effect by alleviating HFD-induced autophagy suppression.
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20
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Tsou LK, Yount JS, Hang HC. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits bacterial virulence and invasion of host cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2883-2887. [PMID: 28325635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance and beneficial effects of host microbiota has motivated the search for anti-infective agents that attenuate bacterial virulence rather than growth. For example, we discovered that specific flavonoids such as baicalein and quercetin from traditional medicinal plant extracts could attenuate Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium type III protein secretion and invasion of host cells. Here, we show epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea extracts also inhibits the activity of S. Typhimurium type III protein effectors and significantly reduces bacterial invasion into host cells. These results reveal additional dietary plant metabolites that can attenuate bacterial virulence and infection of host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun K Tsou
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Howard C Hang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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21
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Pan CW, Ma Q, Sun HP, Xu Y, Luo N, Wang P. Tea Consumption and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:480-486. [PMID: 28448076 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although tea consumption has been reported to have various health benefits in humans, its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been investigated directly. We aimed to examine the relationship between tea consumption and HRQOL among older Chinese adults. METHODS We analyzed community-based cross-sectional data of 5,557 older Chinese individuals aged 60 years or older who participated in the Weitang Geriatric Diseases study. Information on tea consumption and HRQOL assessed by the European Quality of Life-5 dimensions (EQ-5D) were collected by questionnaires. We estimated the relationship of tea consumption and the EQ-5D index score using linear regression models and the association between tea consumption and self-reported EQ-5D health problems using logistic regression models. RESULTS The EQ-5D index score was higher for habitual tea drinkers than their counterparts. In multivariate linear analyses controlling for socio-demographic conditions, health conditions, and lifestyle habits, the differences in ED-5D index score between individuals with and without tea drinking habits was 0.012 (95% confidence interval, 0.006-0.017). In multivariate logistic analyses, habitual tea drinking was inversely associated with reporting of problems in EQ-5D dimensions mobility (odds ration [OR], 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23-0.84); pain/discomfort (OR, 0.74; 95% CI: 0.61-0.90); and anxiety/depression (OR, 0.60; 95% CI: 0.38-0.97). These associations were more evident for black or oolong tea than green tea. CONCLUSION Habitual tea consumption was associated with better HRQOL in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-W Pan
- Pei Wang, PhD, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
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22
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Saric S, Notay M, Sivamani RK. Green Tea and Other Tea Polyphenols: Effects on Sebum Production and Acne Vulgaris. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 6:antiox6010002. [PMID: 28036057 PMCID: PMC5384166 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are antioxidant molecules found in many foods including nuts, fruits, vegetables, chocolate, wine, and tea. Polyphenols have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. Recent studies suggest that tea polyphenols may be used for reducing sebum production in the skin and for treatment of acne vulgaris. This review examines the evidence for use of topically and orally ingested tea polyphenols against sebum production and for acne treatment and prevention. The PubMed database was searched for studies on tea polyphenols, sebum secretion, and acne vulgaris. Of the 59 studies found, eight met the inclusion criteria. Two studies evaluated tea polyphenol effects on sebum production; six studies examined tea polyphenol effects on acne vulgaris. Seven studies evaluated topical tea polyphenols; one study examined systemic tea polyphenols. None of the studies evaluated both topical and systemic tea polyphenols. Tea polyphenol sources included green tea (six studies) and tea, type not specified (two studies). Overall, there is some evidence that tea polyphenols in topical formulation may be beneficial in reducing sebum secretion and in treatment of acne. Research studies of high quality and with large sample sizes are needed to assess the efficacy of tea polyphenols in topical and oral prevention of acne vulgaris and lipid synthesis by the sebaceous glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Saric
- School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Manisha Notay
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA.
| | - Raja K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA.
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Maximino MD, Martin CS, Paulovich FV, Alessio P. Layer-by-Layer Thin Film of Iron Phthalocyanine as a Simple and Fast Sensor for Polyphenol Determination in Tea Samples. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C2344-C2351. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Dassie Maximino
- Dept. de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Presidente Prudente SP 19060-900 Brazil
| | - Cibely Silva Martin
- Dept. de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Presidente Prudente SP 19060-900 Brazil
| | - Fernando Vieira Paulovich
- Inst. for Mathematics and Computer Science (ICMC); Univ. of São Paulo (USP); São Carlos SP CP 668, 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Priscila Alessio
- Dept. de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista; Presidente Prudente SP 19060-900 Brazil
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24
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Saric S, Sivamani RK. Polyphenols and Sunburn. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091521. [PMID: 27618035 PMCID: PMC5037798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are antioxidant molecules found in many foods such as green tea, chocolate, grape seeds, and wine. Polyphenols have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. Growing evidence suggests that polyphenols may be used for the prevention of sunburns as polyphenols decrease the damaging effects of ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on the skin. This review was conducted to examine the evidence for use of topically and orally ingested polyphenols in prevention of sunburns. The PubMed database was searched for studies that examined polyphenols and its effects on sunburns. Of the 27 studies found, 15 met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies were conducted on human subjects and eight on animals (mice and rats). Eleven studies evaluated the effects of topical polyphenols, two studies examined ingested polyphenols, and two studies examined both topical and ingested polyphenols. Polyphenol sources included the following plant origins: green tea, white tea, cocoa, Romanian propolis (RP), Calluna vulgaris (Cv), grape seeds, honeybush, and Lepidium meyenii (maca). Eight studies examined green tea. Overall, based on the studies, there is evidence that polyphenols in both oral and topical form may provide protection from UV damage and sunburn, and thus are beneficial to skin health. However, current studies are limited and further research is necessary to evaluate the efficacy, mechanism of action, and potential side effects of various forms and concentrations of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Saric
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Raja K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA.
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25
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Liu J, Liu S, Zhou H, Hanson T, Yang L, Chen Z, Zhou M. Association of green tea consumption with mortality from all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer in a Chinese cohort of 165,000 adult men. Eur J Epidemiol 2016; 31:853-65. [PMID: 27372743 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-016-0173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tea is the most ancient and popular beverage in the world, and its beneficial health effects has attracted tremendous attention worldwide. However, the prospective evidence relating green tea consumption to total and cause-specific mortality is still limited and inconclusive. We recruited 164,681 male participants free of pre-existing disease during 1990-1991, with green tea consumption and other covariates assessed by the standardized questionnaire and mortality follow up continued until 2006 (mean 11 years; total person-years: 1,961,791). Cox regression analyses were used to quantify the associations of green tea consumption with all-cause (n = 32,700), CVD (n = 11,839) and cancer (n = 7002) mortality, adjusting simultaneously for potential confounders. At baseline, 18 % reported regular consumption of green tea. Compared with non-green tea drinkers, regular drinkers had significantly lower all-cause mortality, with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) being 0.94 (95 % CI 0.89, 0.99) for ≤5 g/day, 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) for 5-10 g/day and 0.89 (0.85, 0.93) for >10 g/day. For CVD mortality, the corresponding HRs were 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) 0.91 (0.85, 0.98) and 0.86 (0.79, 0.93), respectively, while for cancer they were 0.86 (0.78, 0.98), 0.92 (0.83, 1.00) and 0.79 (0.71, 0.88), respectively. The patterns of these associations varied by smoking, alcohol drinking and locality. This large prospective study shows that regular green tea consumption is associated with significantly reduced risk of death from all-cause, CVD and cancer among Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Shiwei Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3-7LF, UK
| | - Haiming Zhou
- Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL, USA
| | - Timothy Hanson
- Department of Statistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3-7LF, UK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3-7LF, UK
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Wang Y, Li J, Wang X, Peña JC, Li K, Zhang T, Ho W. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Enhances Hepatitis C Virus Double-Stranded RNA Intermediates-Triggered Innate Immune Responses in Hepatocytes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21595. [PMID: 26879672 PMCID: PMC4754899 DOI: 10.1038/srep21595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol component of green tea, has recently been identified as an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry. Here, we examined whether EGCG can enhance hepatocyte-mediated intracellular innate immunity against HCV. HCV dsRNAs (Core, E1-P7, NS-3'NTR and NS5A) induced interferon-λ1 (IFN-λ1) expression in human hepatocytes. These HCV dsRNAs also induced the expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and several antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression. Although EGCG treatment of hepatocytes alone had little effect on TLR3 and RIG-I signaling pathways, EGCG significantly enhanced HCV dsRNAs-induced the expression of IFN-λ1, TLR3, RIG-I and antiviral ISGs in hepatocytes. Furthermore, treatment of HCV-infected hepatocytes with EGCG and HCV dsRNAs inhibited viral replication. Given that EGCG has the ability to enhance HCV dsRNAs-induced intracellular antiviral innate immunity against HCV, suggesting the potential application of EGCG as a new anti-HCV agent for HCV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jieliang Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Juliet C. Peña
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kui Li
- Deparment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhe Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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27
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Clarke KA, Dew TP, Watson REB, Farrar MD, Osman JE, Nicolaou A, Rhodes LE, Williamson G. Green tea catechins and their metabolites in human skin before and after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 27:203-10. [PMID: 26454512 PMCID: PMC4694608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary flavonoids may protect against sunburn inflammation in skin. Preliminary reports using less complete analysis suggest that certain catechins and their metabolites are found in skin biopsies and blister fluid after consumption of green tea; however, it is not known if they are affected by solar-simulated ultraviolet radiation (UVR) or whether conjugated forms, with consequently altered bioactivity, are present. The present study tested the hypothesis that UVR affects the catechin levels in the skin of healthy volunteers after consumption of green tea and how catechins in the plasma are related to their presence in skin tissue samples. In an open oral intervention study, 11 subjects consumed green tea and vitamin C supplements daily for 3months. Presupplementation and postsupplementation plasma samples, suction blister fluid and skin biopsies were collected; the latter two samples were collected both before and after UVR. A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric assay was used to measure the intact catechin metabolites, conjugates and free forms. Seven green tea catechins and their corresponding metabolites were identified postsupplementation in skin biopsies, 20 in blister fluid and 26 in plasma, with 15 green tea catechin metabolites present in both blister fluid and plasma. The valerolactone, O-methyl-M4-O-sulfate, a gut microbiota metabolite of catechins, was significantly increased 1.6-fold by UVR in blister fluid samples. In conclusion, there were some common catechin metabolites in the plasma and blister fluid, and the concentration was always higher in plasma. The results suggest that green tea catechins and metabolites are bioavailable in skin and provide a novel link between catechin metabolites derived from the skin and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh A Clarke
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan P Dew
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- Photobiology Unit, Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Farrar
- Photobiology Unit, Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne E Osman
- Photobiology Unit, Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley E Rhodes
- Photobiology Unit, Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Williamson
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
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Peng YH, Sweet DH, Lin SP, Yu CP, Lee Chao PD, Hou YC. Green tea inhibited the elimination of nephro-cardiovascular toxins and deteriorated the renal function in rats with renal failure. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16226. [PMID: 26552961 PMCID: PMC4639770 DOI: 10.1038/srep16226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) are highly protein-bound nephro-cardiovascular toxins, which are not efficiently removed through hemodialysis. The renal excretions of IS and PCS were mediated by organic anion transporters (OATs) such as OAT1 and OAT3. Green tea (GT) is a popular beverage containing plenty of catechins. Previous pharmacokinetic studies of teas have shown that the major molecules present in the bloodstream are the glucuronides/sulfates of tea catechins, which are putative substrates of OATs. Here we demonstrated that GT ingestion significantly elevated the systemic exposures of endogenous IS and PCS in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). More importantly, GT also significantly increased the levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in CRF rats. Mechanism studies indicated that the serum metabolites of GT (GTM) inhibited the uptake transporting functions of OAT1 and OAT3. In conclusion, GT inhibited the elimination of nephro-cardiovascular toxins such as IS and PCS, and deteriorated the renal function in CRF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Peng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Douglas H Sweet
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, U.S.A
| | - Shiuan-Pey Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Ping Yu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Dawn Lee Chao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chi Hou
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Modernelli A, Naponelli V, Giovanna Troglio M, Bonacini M, Ramazzina I, Bettuzzi S, Rizzi F. EGCG antagonizes Bortezomib cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells by an autophagic mechanism. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15270. [PMID: 26471237 PMCID: PMC4607952 DOI: 10.1038/srep15270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome inhibitors Bortezomib (BZM) and MG132 trigger cancer cell death via induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most bioactive green tea polyphenol, is known to display strong anticancer properties as it inhibits proteasome activity and induces ER stress. We investigated whether combined delivery of a proteasome inhibitor with EGCG enhances prostate cancer cell death through increased induction of ER stress. Paradoxically, EGCG antagonized BZM cytotoxicity even when used at low concentrations. Conversely, the MG132 dose-response curve was unaffected by co-administration of EGCG. Moreover, apoptosis, proteasome inhibition and ER stress were inhibited in PC3 cells simultaneously treated with BZM and EGCG but not with a combination of MG132 and EGCG; EGCG enhanced autophagy induction in BZM-treated cells only. Autophagy inhibition restored cytotoxicity concomitantly with CHOP and p-eIF2α up-regulation in cells treated with BZM and EGCG. Overall, these findings demonstrate that EGCG antagonizes BZM toxicity by exacerbating the activation of autophagy, which in turn mitigates ER stress and reduces CHOP up-regulation, finally protecting PC3 cells from cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Modernelli
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Valeria Naponelli
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Troglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Ileana Ramazzina
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Bettuzzi
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
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Lao W, Tan Y, Jin X, Xiao L, Kim JJ, Qu X. Comparison of Cytotoxicity and the Anti-Adipogenic Effect of Green Tea Polyphenols with Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1177-90. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the effects of green tea polyphenols (GTP) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on obesity. However, high doses of EGCG have also exhibited cytotoxicity. The aim of this study was to compare total GTP with purified EGCG on cytotoxicity, and to investigate the effects and the molecular mechanism of total GTP and EGCG on adipogenesis. Cytotoxicity was determined by cell viability assay. For the adipogenesis study, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were incubated with three doses of GTP (1, 10, and 100 μg/ml) and the effect of EGCG (6.8 μg/ml) was compared with 10 μg/ml GTP containing 68% EGCG. Oil Red O staining and triglyceride content assay were carried out 10 days after differentiation and treatment. Adipogenic regulators CCAAT element binding protein α (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) were determined by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. GTP at 1000 μg/ml and EGCG (68 and 680 μg/ml) significantly affected cell viability. Purified EGCG had greater cytotoxicity than corresponding doses of GTP. About 10 μg/ml of GTP showed stronger reduction in triglyceride accumulation than EGCG treatment. Transcriptional factors of C/EBPα, SREBP-1c and PPARγ were markedly decreased in both GTP and EGCG-treated cells and GTP exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on C/EBPα and PPARγ protein expression than EGCG (p < 0.05). In conclusion, total GTP exerted greater inhibitory effects than purified EGCG on adipogenesis through down-regulating the adipogenic factor C/EBPα, SREBP-1c and PPARγ expression. These findings support that a polyphenol mixture is safer and more effective than EGCG alone for preventing obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Lao
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xingliang Jin
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Linda Xiao
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jane J.Y. Kim
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xianqin Qu
- School of Medical & Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
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31
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Ma Y, Jia Y, Chen L, Ezeogu L, Yu B, Xu N, Liao DJ. Weaknesses and Pitfalls of Using Mice and Rats in Cancer Chemoprevention Studies. J Cancer 2015; 6:1058-65. [PMID: 26366220 PMCID: PMC4565856 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies, using different chemical agents, have shown excellent cancer prevention efficacy in mice and rats. However, equivalent tests of cancer prevention in humans require decades of intake of the agents while the rodents' short lifespans cannot give us information of the long-term safety. Therefore, animals with a much longer lifespan should be used to bridge the lifespan gap between the rodents and humans. There are many transgenic mouse models of carcinogenesis available, in which DNA promoters are used to activate transgenes. One promoter may activate the transgene in multiple cell types while different promoters are activated at different ages of the mice. These spatial and temporal aspects of transgenes are often neglected and may be pitfalls or weaknesses in chemoprevention studies. The variation in the copy number of the transgene may widen data variation and requires use of more animals. Models of chemically-induced carcinogenesis do not have these transgene-related defects, but chemical carcinogens usually damage metabolic organs or tissues, thus affecting the metabolism of the chemopreventive agents. Moreover, many genetically edited and some chemically-induced carcinogenesis models produce tumors that exhibit cancerous histology but are not cancers because the tumor cells are still mortal, inducer-dependent, and unable to metastasize, and thus should be used with caution in chemoprevention studies. Lastly, since mice prefer an ambient temperature of 30-32°C, it should be debated whether future mouse studies should be performed at this temperature, but not at 21-23°C that cold-stresses the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukui Ma
- 1. Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong 250101, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Jia
- 1. Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong 250101, P.R. China
| | - Lichan Chen
- 2. Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Lewis Ezeogu
- 2. Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Baofa Yu
- 3. Beijing Baofa Cancer Hospital, Shahe Wangzhuang Gong Ye Yuan, Chang Pin Qu, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- 4. Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - D Joshua Liao
- 2. Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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32
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T. Bond
- Tea Advisory Panel London UK
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33
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Whitted CL, Palau VE, Torrenegra RD, Harirforoosh S. Development of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography methods for quantification of two isomeric flavones and the application of the methods to pharmacokinetic studies in rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1001:150-5. [PMID: 26280282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Isomers 5,7-dihydroxy-3,6,8-trimethoxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one (5,7-dihydroxy-3,6,8 trimethoxy flavone) (flavone A) and 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one (3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy flavone) (flavone B) have recently demonstrated differential antineoplastic activities against pancreatic cancer in vitro. These studies also indicated that these compounds target highly tumorigenic cells while sparing normal cells. The in vivo antitumor activities of these flavones have not been determined, and detection protocols for these compounds are needed to conduct pre-clinical assays following intravenous dosing. Here, we report methods developed using acetonitrile to extract two flavone isomers and corresponding internal standards, celecoxib and diclofenac, from rat plasma. Separation was achieved using a Shimadzu liquid chromatography system with a C18 column and mobile phase acetonitrile/water (60:40 and 70:30 for flavones A and B, respectively) containing 0.2% acetic acid and 0.05% triethylamine at a flow rate of 0.4mL/min and detection at 245nm. Calibration curves ranging from 250 to 2500ng/mL and 2500 to 100,000ng/mL for both flavones were linear (r(2)≥0.99) with the lower limits of quantification being 250ng/mL. Recovery of concentrations 250, 1000, 2500, 5000, and 100,000ng/mL ranged from 87 to 116% and 84 to 103% (n=3) for flavone A and B, respectively. Stability of both flavones after a freezing/thawing cycle yielded a mean peak ratio ≥0.92 when compared to freshly extracted samples. Intravenous administration of a 20mg/kg dose in rats yielded half-lives of 83.68±56.61 and 107.45±53.31min with clearance values of 12.99±13.78 and 80.79±35.06mL/min/kg for flavones A and B, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal L Whitted
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Victoria E Palau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Ruben D Torrenegra
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Sam Harirforoosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.
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Green tea, black tea consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 293:143-155. [PMID: 26138307 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have assessed the association between green and black tea consumption and the risk of endometrial cancer (EC) and have yielded inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this meta-analysis is to systematically analyze the effect of green tea and black tea on EC risk. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and China Biological Medicine Database were searched through February 2, 2015 to identify studies that met pre-stated inclusion criteria. Overall relative risk (RR) was estimated based on the highest and lowest levels of green/black tea consumption. Dose-response relationships were evaluated with the data from categories of green/black tea intake in each study. RESULTS For green tea, the summary RR indicated that the highest green tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of EC (RR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.66-0.92). Furthermore, an increase in green tea consumption of one cup per day was associated with an 11 % decreased risk of developing EC. (RR 0.89, 95 % CI 0.84-0.94). For black tea, no statistically significant association was observed in the meta-analysis (highest versus non/lowest, RR 0.99, 95 % CI 0.79-1.23; increment of one cup/day, RR 0.99, 95 % CI 0.94-1.03). The power of the estimate of green tea and black tea with risk of EC was 84.33 and 5.07 %, respectively. The quality of evidence for the association between green and black tea with EC risk was moderate and very low, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results from this meta-analysis indicate that green tea, but not black tea, may be related to a reduction of EC risk. Large population-based randomized controlled trials and large prospective cohort studies are required to obtain a definitive conclusion and determine the mechanisms underlying this association.
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Liu J, Jin L, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Wang L, Ye R, Ren A. Tea consumption is not associated with reduced plasma folate concentration among chinese pregnant women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 103:747-53. [DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Rongwei Ye
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health; Peking University; Beijing China
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36
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Riza E, Linos A, Petralias A, de Martinis L, Duntas L, Linos D. The effect of Greek herbal tea consumption on thyroid cancer: a case-control study. Eur J Public Health 2015; 25:1001-5. [PMID: 25842380 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although in the last decade several studies have addressed the protective role of black and green tea on several diseases, including cancer, there are only few and controversial studies on the effect of tea on benign and malignant thyroid diseases. METHODS An age and gender group matched case-control study conducted in Athens, Greece, was designed. 113 Greek patients with histologically confirmed thyroid cancer and 286 patients with benign thyroid diseases along with 138 healthy controls were interviewed with a pre-structured questionnaire in person by trained interviewers. RESULTS An inverse association between chamomile tea consumption and benign/malignant thyroid diseases was found (P < 0.001). The odds of chamomile tea consumption, two to six times a week, after controlling for age, gender and BMI, were 0.30 (95% CI: 0.10-0.89) and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.12-0.5) for developing thyroid cancer and benign thyroid diseases, respectively when compared with not consumption. The duration of consumption was also inversely associated with the diseases. Thirty years of consumption significantly reduced the risk of thyroid cancer and benign thyroid diseases development by almost 80%. Similar, although weaker protective association, was found for sage and mountain tea. Adjustment for smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption did not alter the results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest for the first time that drinking herbal teas, especially chamomile, protects from thyroid cancer as well as other benign thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Riza
- 1 Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Athena Linos
- 1 Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens, 11527, Greece 1 Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Athanassios Petralias
- 1 Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens, 11527, Greece 1 Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Luca de Martinis
- 2 Institute of Preventive Medicine, Environmental & Occupational Health, Prolepsis, 7 Fragoklisias Street, Maroussi, 15125, Greece
| | - Leonidas Duntas
- 3 Department of Statistics, Athens University of Economics and Business, 76 Patission Street, Athens, 10434, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Linos
- 4 Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., Via S. Maugeri 10, I-27100, Pavia, Italy 5 Endocrine Unit, Evgenidion Hospital, University of Athens, 20 Papadiamantopoulou Street, 11528 Athens, Greece
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Roles of autophagy induced by natural compounds in prostate cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:121826. [PMID: 25821782 PMCID: PMC4364006 DOI: 10.1155/2015/121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism through which intracellular organelles and proteins are degraded and recycled in response to increased metabolic demand or stress. Autophagy dysfunction is often associated with many diseases, including cancer. Because of its role in tumorigenesis, autophagy can represent a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in aged men. The evidence on alterations of autophagy related genes and/or protein levels in PCa cells suggests a potential implication of autophagy in PCa onset and progression. The use of natural compounds, characterized by low toxicity to normal tissue associated with specific anticancer effects at physiological levels in vivo, is receiving increasing attention for prevention and/or treatment of PCa. Understanding the mechanism of action of these compounds could be crucial for the development of new therapeutic or chemopreventive options. In this review we focus on the current evidence showing the capacity of natural compounds to exert their action through autophagy modulation in PCa cells.
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Clarke KA, Dew TP, Watson REB, Farrar MD, Bennett S, Nicolaou A, Rhodes LE, Williamson G. High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry dual extraction method for identification of green tea catechin metabolites excreted in human urine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 972:29-37. [PMID: 25306116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous analysis of free-form and conjugated flavonoids in the same sample is difficult but necessary to properly estimate their bioavailability. A method was developed to optimise the extraction of both free and conjugated forms of catechins and metabolites in a biological sample following the consumption of green tea. A double-blind randomised controlled trial was performed in which 26 volunteers consumed daily green tea and vitamin C supplements and 24 consumed a placebo for 3 months. Urine was collected for 24h at 4 separate time points (pre- and post-consumption) to confirm compliance to the supplementation and to distinguish between placebo and supplementation consumption. The urine was assessed for both free and conjugated metabolites of green tea using LC-MS(2) analysis, after a combination extraction method, which involved an ethyl acetate extraction followed by an acetonitrile protein precipitation. The combination method resulted in a good recovery of EC-O-sulphate (91±7%), EGC-O-glucuronide (94±6%), EC (95±6%), EGC (111±5%) and ethyl gallate (74±3%). A potential total of 55 catechin metabolites were investigated, and of these, 26 conjugated (with methyl, glucuronide or sulphate groups) and 3 free-form (unconjugated) compounds were identified in urine following green tea consumption. The majority of EC and EGC conjugates significantly increased post-consumption of green tea in comparison to baseline (pre-supplementation) samples. The conjugated metabolites associated with the highest peak areas were O-methyl-EC-O-sulphate and the valerolactones M6/M6'-O-sulphate. In line with previous studies, EC and EGC were only identified as conjugated derivatives, and EGCG and ECG were not found as mono-conjugated or free-forms. In summary, the method reported here provides a good recovery of catechin compounds and is appropriate for use in the assessment of flavonoid bioavailability, particularly for biological tissues that may contain endogenous deconjugating enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh A Clarke
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Tristan P Dew
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | - Mark D Farrar
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | - Susan Bennett
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- School of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Lesley E Rhodes
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Hospital, Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | - Gary Williamson
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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Yu F, Jin Z, Jiang H, Xiang C, Tang J, Li T, He J. Tea consumption and the risk of five major cancers: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:197. [PMID: 24636229 PMCID: PMC4004325 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We conducted a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies to summarize evidence of the association between tea consumption and the risk of breast, colorectal, liver, prostate, and stomach cancer. Methods We searched PubMed and two other databases. Prospective studies that reported risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cancer risk for ≥3 categories of tea consumption were included. We estimated an overall RR with 95% CI for an increase of three cups/day of tea consumption, and, usingrestricted cubic splines, we examined a nonlinear association between tea consumption and cancer risk. Results Forty-one prospective studies, with a total of 3,027,702 participants and 49,103 cancer cases, were included. From the pooled overall RRs, no inverse association between tea consumption and risk of five major cancers was observed. However, subgroup analysis showed that increase in consumption of three cups of black tea per day was a significant risk factor for breast cancer (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05-1.32). Conclusion Ourresults did not show a protective role of tea in five major cancers. Additional large prospective cohort studies are needed to make a convincing case for associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jia He
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Blumberg JB. Introduction to the proceedings of the Fifth International Scientific Symposium on Tea and Human Health. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1607S-1610S. [PMID: 24172302 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.060186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey B Blumberg
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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