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Frešer F, Bren U, Hostnik G. Chelation of iron(II) ions by ellagitannins-Effects of hexahydroxydiphenoyl and nonahydroxytriphenoyl groups. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124079. [PMID: 38422938 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Tannins represent secondary plant metabolites that are used to control bacterial populations by chelation of essential metal ions. Their presence in food also affects the bioavailability of iron. This study investigates the influence of ellagitannins (vescalin, castalin, vescalagin, castalagin) structure and pH on the stoichiometry and formation constants of ellagitannin-Fe(II) coordination compounds. We demonstrated that ellagitannins are stable for at least one hour at pH values lower than 7.25. The spectra of neutral compounds were measured and explained with the help of TDDFT calculations. Furthermore, the pH-dependence of the ellagitannins UV-Vis spectra was examined to obtain insight into their protolytic equilibrium. Using Job's method in the pH range 3.50-5.51, the stoichiometry of the formed ellagitannin-Fe(II) ions complexes was determined. A model explaining interactions between ellagitannins and Fe(II) ions, that took into account the protolytic equilibrium of ellagitannins, was fitted globally to all four Job plots, whereby the corresponding formation constants were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franjo Frešer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000, Koper, Slovenia; Institute of Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska 7, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Gregor Hostnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
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Zeidan RS, Martenson M, Tamargo JA, McLaren C, Ezzati A, Lin Y, Yang JJ, Yoon HS, McElroy T, Collins JF, Leeuwenburgh C, Mankowski RT, Anton S. Iron homeostasis in older adults: balancing nutritional requirements and health risks. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100212. [PMID: 38489995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Iron plays a crucial role in many physiological processes, including oxygen transport, bioenergetics, and immune function. Iron is assimilated from food and also recycled from senescent red blood cells. Iron exists in two dietary forms: heme (animal based) and non-heme (mostly plant based). The body uses iron for metabolic purposes, and stores the excess mainly in splenic and hepatic macrophages. Physiologically, iron excretion in humans is inefficient and not highly regulated, so regulation of intestinal absorption maintains iron homeostasis. Iron losses occur at a steady rate via turnover of the intestinal epithelium, blood loss, and exfoliation of dead skin cells, but overall iron homeostasis is tightly controlled at cellular and systemic levels. Aging can have a profound impact on iron homeostasis and induce a dyshomeostasis where iron deficiency or overload (sometimes both simultaneously) can occur, potentially leading to several disorders and pathologies. To maintain physiologically balanced iron levels, reduce risk of disease, and promote healthy aging, it is advisable for older adults to follow recommended daily intake guidelines and periodically assess iron levels. Clinicians can evaluate body iron status using different techniques but selecting an assessment method primarily depends on the condition being examined. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the forms, sources, and metabolism of dietary iron, associated disorders of iron dyshomeostasis, assessment of iron levels in older adults, and nutritional guidelines and strategies to maintain iron balance in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola S Zeidan
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Matthew Martenson
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Javier A Tamargo
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christian McLaren
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Armin Ezzati
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jae Jeong Yang
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hyung-Suk Yoon
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - James F Collins
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen Anton
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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Bhardwaj P, Mantri N, Joshi NK, Suthar P, Sharma P, Purohit P, Singh P, Shekhar S, Khandelwal S, Dandabathula G, Raghav PR, Ramawat N, Jain S, Patil M, Gaidhane A, Quazi Syed Z, Saxena D. Study of anaemia in pregnancy and low birth weight in fluoride endemic area of Western Rajasthan: a cohort study. F1000Res 2024; 12:602. [PMID: 38283901 PMCID: PMC10822042 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.134720.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fluoride is a noxious element known to destroy gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to erythrocytes' destruction and causing anaemia. The birth weight of newborn babies is a significant indicator of a child's vulnerability to the risk of childhood diseases and chances of existence. Methods This prospective cohort study was planned to find linkages between fluorosis and the low-birth weight of newborn babies with anaemic mothers. Antenatal mothers until the 20th week of gestation were followed up till delivery in the Antenatal Clinic of a District Hospital in one of the known fluoride-endemic districts (Nagaur) and the other not-so-endemic district (Jodhpur) of Western Rajasthan. Results Around 19% of the newborn in Jodhpur and around 22% in Nagaur had low birth weight. Mean fluoride values in water samples were measured to be 0.57 (range from 0.0 to 2.7 PPM) in Jodhpur and 0.7 (range from 0.0 to 3.4 PPM) in Nagaur. Conclusions Thus, in fluoride endemic areas, other factors should be included besides iron and folic acid supplementation for improving anaemia in pregnant women. This calls for assessing the effectiveness of de-fluoridation activities along with the area's most common indigenous food practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bhardwaj
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neha Mantri
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Joshi
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Suthar
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pratibha Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shweta Khandelwal
- Regional Remote Sensing Centre – West, National Remote Sensing Centre,, Indian Space Research Organization, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Giribabu Dandabathula
- Regional Remote Sensing Centre – West, National Remote Sensing Centre,, Indian Space Research Organization, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaja Ravi Raghav
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nikky Ramawat
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- State Health Department, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manoj Patil
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhay Gaidhane
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Zahiruddin Quazi Syed
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Saxena
- Adjunct Faculty, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
- Epidemiology, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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García-Saldaña EA, Cerqueda-García D, Ibarra-Laclette E, Aluja M. Insights into the differences related to the resistance mechanisms to the highly toxic fruit Hippomane mancinella (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae) between the larvae of the sister species Anastrepha acris and Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) through comparative transcriptomics. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1263475. [PMID: 38304114 PMCID: PMC10830740 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1263475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Manchineel, Hippomane mancinella ("Death Apple Tree") is one of the most toxic fruits worldwide and nevertheless is the host plant of the monophagous fruit fly species Anastrepha acris (Diptera: Tephritidae). Here we aimed at elucidating the detoxification mechanisms in larvae of A. acris reared on a diet enriched with the toxic fruit (6% lyophilizate) through comparative transcriptomics. We compared the performance of A. acris larvae with that of the sister species A. ludens, a highly polyphagous pest species that is unable to infest H. mancinella in nature. The transcriptional alterations in A. ludens were significantly greater than in A. acris. We mainly found two resistance mechanisms in both species: structural, activating cuticle protein biosynthesis (chitin-binding proteins likely reducing permeability to toxic compounds in the intestine), and metabolic, triggering biosynthesis of serine proteases and xenobiotic metabolism activation by glutathione-S-transferases and cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase. Some cuticle proteins and serine proteases were not orthologous between both species, suggesting that in A. acris, a structural resistance mechanism has been selected allowing specialization to the highly toxic host plant. Our results represent a nice example of how two phylogenetically close species diverged over recent evolutionary time related to resistance mechanisms to plant secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essicka A. García-Saldaña
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A C–INECOL, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Daniel Cerqueda-García
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A C–INECOL, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A C–INECOL, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Martín Aluja
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A C–INECOL, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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Perera DN, Palliyaguruge CL, Eapasinghe DD, Liyanage DM, Seneviratne RACH, Demini SMD, Jayasinghe JASM, Faizan M, Rajagopalan U, Galhena BP, Hays H, Senathilake K, Tennekoon KH, Samarakoon SR. Factors affecting iron absorption and the role of fortification in enhancing iron levels. NUTR BULL 2023; 48:442-457. [PMID: 37965925 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an important micronutrient required for a number of biological processes including oxygen transport, cellular respiration, the synthesis of nucleic acids and the activity of key enzymes. The World Health Organization has recognised iron deficiency as the most common nutritional deficiency globally and as a major determinant of anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia affects 40% of all children between the ages of 6 and 59 months, 37% of mothers who are pregnant and 30% of women between the ages of 15 and 49 years worldwide. Dietary iron exists in two main forms known as haem iron and non-haem iron. Haem iron is obtained from animal sources such as meat and shows higher bioavailability than non-haem iron, which can be obtained from both plant and animal sources. Different components in food can enhance or inhibit iron absorption from the diet. Components such as meat proteins and organic acids increase iron absorption, while phytate, calcium and polyphenols reduce iron absorption. Iron levels in the body are tightly regulated since both iron overload and iron deficiency can exert harmful effects on human health. Iron is stored mainly as haemoglobin and as iron bound to proteins such as ferritin and hemosiderin. Iron deficiency affects individuals at increased risk due to factors such as age, pregnancy, menstruation and various diseases. Different solutions for iron deficiency are applied at individual and community levels. Iron supplements and intravenous iron can be used to treat individuals with iron deficiency, while various types of iron-fortified foods and biofortified crops can be employed for larger communities. Foods such as rice, flour and biscuits have been used to prepare fortified iron products. However, it is important to ensure the fortification process does not exert significant negative effects on organoleptic properties and the shelf life of the food product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipun Nirmal Perera
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Dasuni Dilkini Eapasinghe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilmi Maleesha Liyanage
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - R A C Haily Seneviratne
- Department of Food Sciences Technology, Faculty of Livestock Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - S M D Demini
- Lanka ORIX Leasing Company (LOLC) Advanced Technologies (Pvt) Ltd, Ethul Kotte, Sri Lanka
| | - J A S M Jayasinghe
- Lanka ORIX Leasing Company (LOLC) Advanced Technologies (Pvt) Ltd, Ethul Kotte, Sri Lanka
| | - Mishal Faizan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - B Prasanna Galhena
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Hasi Hays
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Kanishka Senathilake
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Kamani H Tennekoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Sameera R Samarakoon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Molino S, Pilar Francino M, Ángel Rufián Henares J. Why is it important to understand the nature and chemistry of tannins to exploit their potential as nutraceuticals? Food Res Int 2023; 173:113329. [PMID: 37803691 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Tannins comprise a large group of polyphenols that can differ widely in chemical composition and molecular weight. The use of tannins dates back to antiquity, but it is only in recent years that their potential use as nutraceuticals associated with the human diet is beginning to be exploited. Although the biological effects of these phytocomplexes have been studied for many years, there are still several open questions regarding their chemistry and biotransformation. The vastness of the molecules that make up the class of tannins has made their characterisation, as well as their nomenclature and classification, a daunting task. This review has been written with the aim of bringing order to the chemistry of tannins by including aspects that are sometimes still overlooked or should be updated with new research in order to understand the potential of these phytocomplexes as active ingredients or technological components for nutraceutical products. Future trends in tannin research should address many questions that are still open, such as determining the exact biosynthetic pathways of all classes of tannins, the actual biological effects determined by the interaction of tannins with other molecules, their metabolization, and the best extraction methods, but with a view to market requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Molino
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Silvateam Spa, R&D Unit, San Michele Mondovì, Italy
| | - M Pilar Francino
- Area de Genòmica i Salut, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO-Salut Pública), València, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - José Ángel Rufián Henares
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Townsend JR, Kirby TO, Sapp PA, Gonzalez AM, Marshall TM, Esposito R. Nutrient synergy: definition, evidence, and future directions. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1279925. [PMID: 37899823 PMCID: PMC10600480 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1279925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient synergy refers to the concept that the combined effects of two or more nutrients working together have a greater physiological impact on the body than when each nutrient is consumed individually. While nutrition science traditionally focuses on isolating single nutrients to study their effects, it is recognized that nutrients interact in complex ways, and their combined consumption can lead to additive effects. Additionally, the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) provide guidelines to prevent nutrient deficiencies and excessive intake but are not designed to assess the potential synergistic effects of consuming nutrients together. Even the term synergy is often applied in different manners depending on the scientific discipline. Considering these issues, the aim of this narrative review is to investigate the potential health benefits of consuming different nutrients and nutrient supplements in combination, a concept we define as nutrient synergy, which has gained considerable attention for its impact on overall well-being. We will examine how nutrient synergy affects major bodily systems, influencing systemic health. Additionally, we will address the challenges associated with promoting and conducting research on this topic, while proposing potential solutions to enhance the quality and quantity of scientific literature on nutrient synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R. Townsend
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV, United States
- Health & Human Performance, Concordia University Chicago, River Forest, IL, United States
| | - Trevor O. Kirby
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV, United States
| | - Philip A. Sapp
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV, United States
| | - Adam M. Gonzalez
- Department of Allied Health and Kinesiology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Tess M. Marshall
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV, United States
| | - Ralph Esposito
- Research, Nutrition, and Innovation, Athletic Greens International, Carson City, NV, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health, New York University-Steinhardt, New York, NY, United States
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Nanri H, Hara M, Nishida Y, Shimanoe C, Iwasaka C, Higaki Y, Tanaka K. Association between green tea and coffee consumption and body iron storage in Japanese men and women: a cross-sectional study from the J-MICC Study Saga. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1249702. [PMID: 37637954 PMCID: PMC10449390 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1249702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study examined the association between daily green tea and coffee consumption and body iron stores among Japanese middle-aged and older adults. Methods This cross-sectional study used data obtained from 2005 to 2007. A total of 10,435 participants were recruited for this study. The participants completed a validated, self-administered food frequency questionnaire on green tea and coffee consumption. A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between green tea and coffee consumption and serum ferritin levels. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed to ascertain whether excessive consumption of these beverages was linked to iron deficiency. Results We observed that higher green tea and coffee consumption was associated with lower ferritin levels in men and postmenopausal women, even after adjusting for covariates (all P for trends <0.05). Among premenopausal women, we found an inverse association between green tea consumption and serum ferritin levels, while no significant association was observed for coffee consumption after adjusting for covariates (green tea, P for trend <0.05; coffee, P for trend = 0.08). Notably, the association between these beverages and iron deficiency was found only in postmenopausal women; the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for iron deficiency associated with almost None, <1 cup/day, 1-2 cups/day, and ≥ 3 cups/day were 1.00 (reference), 0.78 (0.26-2.49), 1.29 (0.49-3.39), and 1.59 (0.63-4.04) (P for trend = 0.05), respectively, for green tea and 1.00, 1.32 (0.64-2.73), 1.46 (0.68-3.13), and 2.20 (1.06-4.55) (P for trend <0.01), respectively, for coffee. Conclusion Higher green tea and coffee consumption was associated with lower serum ferritin levels in men and postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, consumption of green tea, but not coffee, was associated with lower serum ferritin levels. However, postmenopausal women who ≥3 cups of coffee demonstrated a higher prevalence of iron deficiency compared to those who consumed almost none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinako Nanri
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Gut Microbiome for Health, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Chiharu Iwasaka
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Siswina T, Miranti Rustama M, Sumiarsa D, Kurnia D. Phytochemical profiling of Piper crocatum and its antifungal mechanism action as Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase CYP51 inhibitor: a review. F1000Res 2023; 11:1115. [PMID: 37151610 PMCID: PMC10157293.2 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.125645.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoses or fungal infections are general health problem that often occurs in healthy and immunocompromised people in the community. The development of resistant strains in Fungi and the incidence of azole antibiotic resistance in the Asia Pacific which reached 83% become a critical problem nowadays. To control fungal infections, substances and extracts isolated from natural resources, especially in the form of plants as the main sources of drug molecules today, are needed. Especially from Piperaceae, which have long been used in India, China, and Korea to treat human ailments in traditional medicine. The purpose of this review is to describe the antifungal mechanism action from Piper crocatum and its phytochemical profiling against lanosterol 14a demethylase CYP51. The methods used to search databases from Google Scholar to find the appropriate databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Flow Diagram as a clinical information retrieval method. From 1.150.000 results searched by database, there is 73 final results article to review. The review shows that P. crocatum contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, saponins, polyphenols, eugenol, alkaloids, quinones, chavibetol acetate, glycosides, triterpenoids or steroids, hydroxychavikol, phenolics, glucosides, isoprenoids, and non-protein amino acids. Its antifungal mechanisms in fungal cells occur due to ergosterol especially lanosterol 14a demethylase (CYP51) inhibition, which is one of the main target sites for antifungal activity because it functions to maintain the integrity and function of cell membranes in Candida. P. crocatum has an antifungal activity through its phytochemical profiling against fungal by inhibiting the lanosterol 14a demethylase, make damaging cell membranes, fungal growth inhibition, and fungal cell lysis.
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Effect of the inclusion of extruded flaxseed in the diet of fattening pigs on performance parameters and blood parameters. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the inclusion of 2%, 4% and 6% extruded flaxseed in the diet of fattening pigs on their growth performance parameters, carcass parameters, and selected blood parameters. The experiment was conducted on 160 weaners (from about 30 kg to about 110 kg BW) assigned to four experimental groups of 40 animals each (5 replicates with 8 individuals each). The animals in control group received a diet in which the source of fat was soybean oil. The other groups received extruded flaxseed (FE) in place of soybean meal in the amount of 2% (group 2FE); 4% (group 4FE) and 6% (group 6FE). Soybean oil was added to the diets in the experimental treatments to obtain equal amounts of fat. The inclusion of 2% and 4% extruded flaxseed in the diet of fatteners in place of soybean meal significantly improved the digestibility of basic nutrients, i.e. ether extract (by about 5%) and dietary fibre (by more than 20%) and led to better growth performance (higher BW by about 11%; higher ADG by about 20% and lower FCR by about 12%) vs group C. In the groups with 2% and 4% extruded flaxseed there was also an increase in the lean meat content of the carcasses (by about 6%) and the thickness of the backfat (by about 6.5%) vs group C. The inclusion of extruded flaxseed did not affect the animals' condition, as indicated by the haematological and biochemical parameters of the blood, which were within reference ranges. The results for production, nutrient digestibility and carcass analysis between groups 2FE and 4FE were similar, and at this stage of research indicate that the use of 2% extruded flaxseed is economically more justified.
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11
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Adetola OY, Taylor JRN, Duodu KG. Can consumption of local micronutrient- and absorption enhancer-rich plant foods together with starchy staples improve bioavailable iron and zinc in diets of at-risk African populations? Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:188-208. [PMID: 36843328 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2182740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Iron and zinc deficiencies remain prevalent in developing countries, often due to monotonous starchy diets that are low in bioavailable minerals. This review addresses the question as to whether consumption of starchy staple foods in Africa together with micronutrient-dense and absorption enhancer-rich plant foods can enhance iron and zinc bioavailability in the diets of at-risk populations. While green leafy vegetables (GLVs) fortification of starchy staples can improve mineral contents, especially iron, it may not improve bioavailable iron and zinc, due to GLVs' high contents of mineral absorption inhibitors, notably polyphenols, phytate and calcium. Fruits, although low in minerals, could improve bioavailable iron and zinc in the staples because of their high ascorbic and citric acid and/or β-carotene contents, which can form soluble chelates with the minerals. More human studies are needed to establish whether such a technology or fortification strategy can improve bioavailable iron and zinc in African-type plant-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluyimika Y Adetola
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - John R N Taylor
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - K G Duodu
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
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12
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Richter C, Behringer V, Manig F, Henle T, Hohmann G, Zierau O. Traces of dietary patterns in saliva of hominids: Profiling salivary amino acid fingerprints in great apes and humans. J Hum Evol 2023; 175:103305. [PMID: 36586354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Herbivorous animals that regularly consume tannin-rich food are known to secrete certain tannin-binding salivary proteins (TBSPs), especially proline-rich proteins and histidine-rich proteins, as an effective measure to counteract the antinutritive effects of dietary tannins. Due to their high binding capacity, TBSPs complex with tannins in the oral cavity, and thereby protect dietary proteins and digestive enzymes. Although the natural diet of great apes (Hominidae) is biased toward ripe fruits, analyses of food plants revealed that their natural diet contains considerable amounts of tannins, which is raising the question of possible counter-measures to cope with dietary tannins. In our study, we investigated the salivary amino acid profiles of zoo-housed Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, and Pongo abelii, and compared their results with corresponding data from Homo sapiens. Individual saliva samples of 42 apes and 17 humans were collected and quantitated by amino acid analysis, using cation-exchange chromatography with postcolumn derivatization, following acid hydrolysis. We found species-specific differences in the salivary amino acid profiles with average total salivary protein concentration ranging from 308.8 mg/dL in Po. abelii to 1165.6 mg/dL in G. gorilla. Total salivary protein was consistently higher in ape than in human saliva samples (174 mg/dL). All apes had on average also higher relative proline levels than humans did. Histidine levels had the highest concentration in the samples from Po. abelii followed by P. paniscus. In all ape species, the high salivary concentrations of proline and histidine are considered to be indicative of high concentrations of TBSPs in hominids. Given that the species differences in salivary composition obtained in this study correspond with overall patterns of secondary compound content in the diet of wild populations, we assume that salivary composition is resilient to acute and long-lasting changes in diet composition in general and tannin content in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Richter
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Verena Behringer
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Endocrinology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Friederike Manig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gottfried Hohmann
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Zierau
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Barajas-Ramírez JA, Cabrera-Ramírez AH, Aguilar-Raymundo VG. Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic, Tannin, and Flavonoid Content of Five Plants Used in Traditional Medicine in Penjamo, Guanajuato. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200834. [PMID: 36447306 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In Mexico, plants are commonly used to alleviate various ailments, including controlling some chronic degenerative diseases through the regular consumption of decoctions, infusions, and teas. However, there is little scientific evidence consolidating traditional medicine within health systems. Therefore, this work determined the phytochemical profile of the most used plants to treat various ailments (Cedro rojo, Cancerina, Ortiguilla, Hierba de la golondrina, Hierba de arlomo) and their general consumption as infusions. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were generated, while the phytochemical compound content in the extracts obtained was quantified. The results indicate that the ethanolic extracts showed the highest phenolic compound and tannin content, with the highest contents for Cedro rojo (831.04 mg L-1 ) and Cancerina (864.80 mg L-1 ). The antioxidant activity was also determined, and a significant difference was observed (p<0.05). The extracts with the highest antioxidant capacity were the ethanolic extracts ranging from 250 to 907 μMET mL-1 , while the aqueous extracts ranged from 112 to 390 μMET mL-1 . The compounds identified by high-performance liquid chromatography characterization on the aqueous extracts highlighted the presence of chlorogenic acid>cinnamic acid>quercetin. In ethanolic extracts, the presence of chlorogenic acid>cinnamic acid>quercetin>gallic acid>ferulic acid>coumaric acid was highlighted. The correlation between bioactive compounds, type of extract, and antioxidant activity suggests a significant affinity of these phytochemical compounds for the ethanol solvent. The results indicate that these plants are good sources of antioxidant phenolics and can be incorporated for use as functional beverages. However, more studies are needed to corroborate their beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahir Antonio Barajas-Ramírez
- Programa Académico de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Politécnica de Pénjamo, Carretera Irapuato - La Piedad Km 44, Predio El Derramadero, Pénjamo, Guanajuato, C.P. 36921, México
| | - Angel Humberto Cabrera-Ramírez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Cerro Blanco 141, Colinas del Cimatario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, C.P. 76090, México
| | - Victoria Guadalupe Aguilar-Raymundo
- Programa Académico de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Politécnica de Pénjamo, Carretera Irapuato - La Piedad Km 44, Predio El Derramadero, Pénjamo, Guanajuato, C.P. 36921, México
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Ryazanov V, Duskaev G, Sheida E, Nurzhanov B, Kurilkina M. Rumen fermentation, methane concentration, and blood metabolites of cattle receiving dietetical phytobiotic and cobalt (II) chloride. Vet World 2022; 15:2551-2557. [PMID: 36590132 PMCID: PMC9798063 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2551-2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Ensuring the genetic potential of ruminants through nutrition studies using medicinal plants and trace element metals is an urgent task. This study aimed to study the effect of Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae) herb plant separately and in combination with cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) chelate compounds on the course of metabolic processes in the rumen, methane concentration, and biochemical blood parameters in bulls. Materials and Methods Control group (BD: Basal diet); experimental Group I - BD + A. absinthium herb at a dose of 2.0 g/kg dry matter (DM), experimental Group II - BD + A. absinthium herb at a dose of 2.0 g/kg DM + CoCl2 (1.5 mg/kg), and experimental Group III - BD + CoCl2 were set (1.5 mg/kg). The study was conducted on 16 beef bulls (Kazakh white-headed breed) aged 13-14 months, with an average live weight of 330-335 kg. Enzymatic processes in the rumen were studied, including the level of volatile fatty acids (using the gas chromatography method), nitrogen and its fractions (using the Kjeldahl method), methane concentration, and morphological and biochemical blood composition. Results There was a decrease in the concentration of acetic acid in experimental group I (15.9%) (p < 0.05) and in the III group (60.3%) and propionic acid in all experimental groups by 5.6%-47.3% (p < 0.05). Feeding A. absinthium herb as part of the diet of experimental Group I contributed to a decrease in methane concentration by 17.8% (p = 0.05) and the lowest methane concentration was noted for experimental Group III. It was less than in control by 59.1% (p < 0.05). An increase in the concentration of glucose, total protein, and creatinine was found in the experimental groups (p < 0.05). The digestibility of organic matter (3.5%), crude fiber (3.6%), and hemicellulose (11.0%) increased with the feeding of A. absinthium herb. Conclusion Thus, using biocomplexes based on A. absinthium herb and CoCl2 do not harm the rumen fermentation of cattle. Still, further microbiome studies are required to evaluate the effects of A. absinthium on cattle properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy Ryazanov
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, RAS, 460000, Orenburg, Russia,Corresponding author: Vitaliy Ryazanov, e-mail: Co-authors: GD: , ES: , BN: , MK:
| | - Galimzhan Duskaev
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, RAS, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Elena Sheida
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, RAS, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Baer Nurzhanov
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, RAS, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Marina Kurilkina
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies, RAS, 460000, Orenburg, Russia
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Adegbusi HS, Amin I, Mohd Esa N, Azuan Mat Daud Z. Application of Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method in the determination of total tannin in maize and soybean food products. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.29.5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Yellow maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) are local raw materials used in the formulation of complementary foods in Nigeria. The presence of antinutritional factors such as tannins in them could disrupt the nutritional status in infants and young children, thus leading to malnutrition. However, data on the total tannin contents in maize, soybean, and their products remain limited. This could be due to the lack of a fast, accurate, and inexpensive analytical method for tannin determination. The present work thus evaluated the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay for the accurate quantification of total tannin from yellow maize, soybean, and their products. Techniques including soaking, dehulling, oven-drying, boiling, and frying were used to process the raw materials, prior to grinding and subsequent formulation of their products. The FC method was validated to quantify the total tannin contents from extracts of tested samples by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. The original extracts from the tested samples, and external standards from tannic acid and total phenolics (µg/µL) were used for method validation. The method validation showed that the instrumental response to standard tannic acid and the investigated analytes were specific, linear (R2 = 0.998), precise (% CV < 20%), and accurate (recovery = 91%). The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.03 and 0.09 µg/µL, respectively. The validation complied with the requirements to ensure the reliability of the results. The combined processing techniques were also effective in reducing the total tannin content of maize (0.213 to 0.041% TAE) and soybean (0.257 to 0.064% TAE) by 81 and 75%, respectively. The present work demonstrated the suitability of the FC method as an analytical tool for the quantification of total tannin from plant-based food products.
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Tolerability of Oral Supplementation with Microencapsulated Ferric Saccharate Compared to Ferrous Sulphate in Healthy Premenopausal Woman: A Crossover, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012282. [PMID: 36293136 PMCID: PMC9603338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A single-center, crossover, randomized, double-blind, and controlled clinical study was conducted to assess the tolerability profile, especially with regard to gastrointestinal complaints, of oral supplementation with AB-Fortis®, a microencapsulated ferric saccharate (MFS), as compared with conventional ferrous sulphate (FS) in healthy premenopausal women. A dose of 60 mg/day of elemental iron was used. The test products were administered for 14 consecutive days with a washout period of two menstrual episodes and a minimum of one month between the two intervention periods. The subjects completed simple-to-answer questionnaires daily for 14 days during both the intervention and the washout periods, capturing the symptoms associated with oral iron supplementation and overall health aspects. Following product consumption, the incidences of symptoms, numbers of complaints/symptoms, overall intensity, and total days with symptoms were found to be significantly higher for FS consumption as compared to MFS. The better tolerability profile of MFS over FS was further substantiated when both products were compared to a real-life setting (i.e., the washout period). Overall, the administration of both study products was safe with no serious or significant adverse events reported. In summary, the current study shows the better tolerability of the MFS preparation when compared to that of the FS, presenting MFS as a well-tolerated and safe option for improving iron nutrition.
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17
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Pathaw N, Devi KS, Sapam R, Sanasam J, Monteshori S, Phurailatpam S, Devi HC, Chanu WT, Wangkhem B, Mangang NL. A comparative review on the anti-nutritional factors of herbal tea concoctions and their reduction strategies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:988964. [PMID: 36276812 PMCID: PMC9581206 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea is an important beverage consumed worldwide. Of the different types of tea available, herbal tea is an important beverage consumed owing to its popularity as a drink and stress relieving factors, several different herbal concoctions made from seeds, leaves, or roots are currently consumed and sold as herbal teas. The herbal teas are not the usual tea but "tisanes." They are caffeine free and popular for their medicinal property or immune boosters. Herbal tea formulations are popularly sold and consumed by millions owing to their health benefits as they are rich in antioxidants and minerals. However, plants are also known to contain toxic and anti-nutritional factors. Anti-nutritional factors are known to interfere with the metabolic process and hamper the absorption of important nutrients in the body. These anti-nutritional factors include saponins, tannins, alkaloids, oxalates, lectins, goitrogens, cyanogens, and lethogens. These chemicals are known to have deleterious effects on human health. Therefore, it is important to understand and assess the merits and demerits before consumption. Also, several techniques are currently used to process and reduce the anti-nutrients in foods. This review is focused on comparing the contents of various anti-nutritional factors in some underutilized plants of North-East India used as herbal tea along with processing methods that can be used to reduce the level of these anti-nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Pathaw
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Konjengbam Sarda Devi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Redina Sapam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Jyotsana Sanasam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Sapam Monteshori
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Sumitra Phurailatpam
- Multi Technology Testing Centre and Vocational Training Centre, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | | | | | - Baby Wangkhem
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Naorem Loya Mangang
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
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18
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Siswina T, Miranti Rustama M, Sumiarsa D, Kurnia D. Phytochemical profiling of Piper crocatum and its antifungal mechanism action as Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase CYP51 inhibitor: a review. F1000Res 2022; 11:1115. [PMID: 37151610 PMCID: PMC10157293 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.125645.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoses or fungal infections are a general health problem that often occurs in healthy and immunocompromised people in the community. The development of resistant strains in Fungi and the incidence of azole antibiotic resistance in the Asia Pacific which reached 83% become a critical problem nowadays. To control fungal infections, substances and extracts isolated from natural resources, especially in the form of plants as the main sources of drug molecules today, are needed. Especially from Piperaceae, which have long been used in India, China, and Korea to treat human ailments in traditional medicine. The purpose of this review is to describe the antifungal mechanism action from Piper crocatum and its phytochemical profiling against lanosterol 14a demethylase CYP51. The methods used to search databases from Google Scholar to find the appropriate databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Flow Diagram as a clinical information retrieval method. From 1.150.000 results searched by database, there is 73 final results article to review. The review shows that P. crocatum contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, saponins, polyphenols, eugenol, alkaloids, quinones, chavibetol acetate, glycosides, triterpenoids or steroids, hydroxychavikol, phenolics, glucosides, isoprenoids, and non-protein amino acids. Its antifungal mechanisms in fungal cells occur due to ergosterol, especially lanosterol 14a demethylase (CYP51) inhibition, which is one of the main target sites for antifungal activity because it functions to maintain the integrity and function of cell membranes in Candida. P. crocatum has an antifungal activity through its phytochemical profiling against fungal by inhibiting the lanosterol 14a demethylase, make damaging cell membranes, fungal growth inhibition, and fungal cell lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Siswina
- Midwifery, Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat, 78124, Indonesia
- Chemistry, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Dadan Sumiarsa
- Chemistry, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Chemistry, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia
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19
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Siswina T, Miranti Rustama M, Sumiarsa D, Kurnia D. Phytochemical profiling of Piper crocatum and its antifungal activity as Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase CYP51 inhibitor: a review. F1000Res 2022; 11:1115. [PMID: 37151610 PMCID: PMC10157293 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.125645.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoses or fungal infections are a general health problem that often occurs in healthy and immunocompromised people in the community. The development of resistant strains in Fungi and the incidence of azole antibiotic resistance in the Asia Pacific which reached 83% become a critical problem nowadays. To control fungal infections, substances and extracts isolated from natural resources, especially in the form of plants as the main sources of drug molecules today, are needed. Especially from Piperaceae, which have long been used in India, China, and Korea to treat human ailments in traditional medicine. The purpose of this review was to describe antifungal activity from Piper crocatum and its phytochemical profiling against lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase CYP51. The methods used search databases from Google Scholar to find the appropriate databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram as a clinical information retrieval method. From 1,150,000 results search by database, there were 73 selected articles to review. The review shows that P. crocatum contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, saponins, polyphenols, eugenol, alkaloids, quinones, chavibetol acetate, glycosides, triterpenoids or steroids, hydroxychavikol, phenolics, glucosides, isoprenoids, and non-protein amino acids. Its antifungal mechanisms in fungal cells occur due to ergosterol especially lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase CYP51 inhibition as a result of 5,6 desaturase (ERG3) downregulation. P. crocatum has an antifungal activity by its phytochemical profiling that act against fungi by inhibiting the fungal cytochrome P 450 pathway, make damaging cell membranes, fungal growth inhibition, morphological changes, and fungal cell lysis.
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Ilmiyati L, Indarto D, Wasita B. Daily iron intake and BMI for age but not for daily tannin intake increase hemoglobin levels in young females at Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2022; 64:437-442. [PMID: 35856105 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.64.e64593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract.
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The Efficacy of Fish as an Early Complementary Food on the Linear Growth of Infants Aged 6-7 Months: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112191. [PMID: 35683991 PMCID: PMC9182483 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is a good animal-source protein for growth and development. The main objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of fish during the early complementary feeding period on infants’ linear growth in the Samfya district of the Luapula Province of Zambia in 6 months randomised controlled trial. The study was conducted from April 2019 to January 2020. Infants aged 6–7 months (N = 238) were assigned to either the intervention (treatment) group or control (placebo) group to receive fish powder or sorghum powder, respectively. Participants were followed on a weekly basis to distribute the powder and record compliance/usage and any morbidities. Anthropometric measurements were taken monthly. A linear mixed-effects model showed that fish powder improved linear growth among infants over all the 6 months of the intervention period. The fish powder increased length-for-age z scores by 1.26 (95% CI: 0.94–1.57) and weight-for-age z score by 0.95 (95% CI 0.6–1.23). The addition of fish powder to the infant’s usual food during the early complementary feeding improves the infant’s linear growth outcome.
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Garutti M, Nevola G, Mazzeo R, Cucciniello L, Totaro F, Bertuzzi CA, Caccialanza R, Pedrazzoli P, Puglisi F. The Impact of Cereal Grain Composition on the Health and Disease Outcomes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:888974. [PMID: 35711559 PMCID: PMC9196906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.888974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole grains are a pivotal food category for the human diet and represent an invaluable source of carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, phytocompunds, minerals, and vitamins. Many studies have shown that the consumption of whole grains is linked to a reduced risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases. However, several of their positive health effects seem to disappear when grains are consumed in the refined form. Herein we review the available literature on whole grains with a focus on molecular composition and health benefits on many chronic diseases with the aim to offer an updated and pragmatic reference for physicians and nutrition professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Garutti
- Department of Medical Oncology - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gerardo Nevola
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzeo
- Department of Medical Oncology - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Linda Cucciniello
- Department of Medical Oncology - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabiana Totaro
- Department of Medical Oncology - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlos Alejandro Bertuzzi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caccialanza
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- Department of Medical Oncology - CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Pandeya PR, Lamichhane R, Lamichhane G, Lee KH, Lee HK, Rhee SJ, Jung HJ. 18KHT01, a Potent Anti-Obesity Polyherbal Formulation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:807081. [PMID: 34975503 PMCID: PMC8719591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.807081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a life-threatening metabolic disorder necessitating urgent development of safe and effective therapy. Currently, limited such therapeutic measures are available for obesity. The present study was designed to develop a novel, safe and effective herbal therapy for the management of obesity. A polyherbal formulation (18KHT01) was developed by homogeneously mixing a specific proportion of crude Quercus acutissima (acorn jelly powder), Camellia sinensis (dry leaf buds), and Geranium thunbergii (dry aerial part) along with Citrus limon (fruit juice). Synergistic antioxidant, antiadipogenic, and anti-obesity activities were evaluated by in vitro as well as in vivo studies. In vitro experiments revealed strong synergistic antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of 18KHT01. Molecular assessment of 18KHT01 showed significant down-regulation of vital adipogenic factors such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2, SREBP-1c, FAS, and LPL. Based on the results of the preliminary toxicity study, 75 and 150 mg/kg, twice daily doses of 18KHT01 were administered to evaluate anti-obesity activity in diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J mice model. The major obesity-related parameters such as body weight, weight gain, food efficiency ratio, as well as serum lipid profile were significantly reduced by 18KHT01 with potential synergism. Also, the high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance was suggestively alleviated by the formulation, and thus ameliorated fasting blood glucose. Histological evaluation of liver and white adipose tissue revealed that the significant reduction of fat depositions and thus reduction of these tissue weights. Synergy evaluation experiments exhibited that the 18KHT01 offered strong synergism by improving efficacy and reducing the toxicity of its ingredients. Overall results evidenced the 18KHT01 as a safe and potent anti-obesity herbal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Raj Pandeya
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea.,Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ramakanta Lamichhane
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Kyu Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Su-Jin Rhee
- Department of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Jung
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
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Gao T, Han S, Mo G, Sun Q, Zhang M, Liu H. Long-term tea consumption reduces the risk of frailty in older Chinese people: Result from a 6-year longitudinal study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:916791. [PMID: 36046130 PMCID: PMC9421071 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.916791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vast accumulative evidence suggests that the consumption of tea and its components have various potential health benefits. This study used a longitudinal study to examine the causality between tea consumption and frailty in older Chinese people. Methods This study employed the longitudinal data from 2008 to 2014 of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which were systematically collected through face-to-face interviews. Two thousand four hundred and seventy three participants completed six-follow-up surveys in 2014 and were analyzed in this study. The frailty index recommended by Searle and co-authors, including 44 health deficits, was used. A Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) was applied to determine the risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for frailty, and further subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate whether the risk differed stratified by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Additionally, the interaction between tea consumption with sex and frailty was tested. Results Of the 2,473 participants, 14.1% were consistent daily tea drinkers, and 22.6% reported frailty at the 6-year follow-up. Compared to non-tea drinkers, consistent daily tea drinkers reported a significantly lower ratio of having frailty [risk ratio (RR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38-0.78], adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior, socioeconomic status, and chronic illnesses. In further subgroup analyses, consistent daily tea consumption significantly reduced the risk of frailty for males (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32-0.87) but not females (RR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.37-1.12); in the young (RR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.22-0.74) but not in the oldest (aged ≥ 80) (RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.40-1.06); informal education (RR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28-0.84) but not formal education (RR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.37-1.03); financial dependence (RR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.25-0.71) but not financial independence (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.41-1.23). Additionally, females showed a lower tea-mediated risk of frailty in occasional tea consumers (RR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29-0.89) and inconsistent tea drinkers (RR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37-0.93). Conclusions Habitual tea consumption can reduce the risk of frailty in older Chinese, and the benefit varied by age, sex, education, and financial support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Gao
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Siyue Han
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Guangju Mo
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Qing Sun
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Health Management, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- *Correspondence: Huaqing Liu
| | - Huaqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Min Zhang
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Ghasemi-Sadabadi M, Ebrahimnezhad Y, Maheri-Sis N, Ghalehkandi JG, Shaddel-Teli A. Immune response and antioxidant status of broilers as influenced by oxidized vegetable oil and pomegranate peel. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 63:1034-1063. [PMID: 34796346 PMCID: PMC8564296 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The experiment was designed as a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including (i) pomegranate peel (zero, 4%, and 8 percent), (ii) oxidized soybean oil (zero, 2%, and 4 percent), and (iii) alpha-tocopherol (zero and 200 mg/kg). Supplementation of 8% pomegranate peel in diets significantly decreased the growth performance of broiler chickens. The supplementation of 4% oxidized oil in diets significantly reduced body weight gain and Feed intake whole experimental period (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementation of 4% pomegranate peel in the diet was associated with low aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, 4% pomegranate peel increased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The supplemental 4% oxidized oil increased the serum AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and MDA concentrations. TAC, SOD, and Catalase (CAT) activities were affected by 4% oxidized oil and alpha-tocopherol. The use of oxidized oil and vitamin E decreased MDA concentration. The serum glucose and globulin concentrations were significantly lower in the 8% pomegranate peel. The results showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel in diets reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The inclusion of 4% oxidized oil in diets reduced serum glucose and increased the blood lipid concentration such as triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL. Vitamin E supplementation reduced the serum cholesterol and LDL concentrations. The use of 8% pomegranate peel reduced red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, and packed cell value (PCV). The results indicated that supplementation with 8% pomegranate peel and 4% oxidized oil in diets decreased the immunoglobulin concentration in broilers. In addition, it was found that the inclusion of 4% pomegranate peel in diets resulted in higher IgG, IgM and total immunoglobulin. Pomegranate peel supplementation significantly decreased meat MDA concentration. Supplementation of 4% oxidized oil increased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Vitamin E supplementation (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Consequently, the results of this experiment showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel had beneficial effects on broiler chickens. It was also found that feeding 2% oxidized oil in diets had no adverse effect on broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghasemi-Sadabadi
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Yahya Ebrahimnezhad
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Naser Maheri-Sis
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Ghiasi Ghalehkandi
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Abdolahad Shaddel-Teli
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, East Azerbaijan, Iran
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Amiot MJ, Latgé C, Plumey L, Raynal S. Intake Estimation of Phytochemicals in a French Well-Balanced Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103628. [PMID: 34684628 PMCID: PMC8539512 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals contribute to the health benefits of plant-rich diets, notably through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, recommended daily amounts of the main dietary phytochemicals remain undetermined. We aimed to estimate the amounts of phytochemicals in a well-balanced diet. A modelled diet was created, containing dietary reference intakes for adults in France. Two one-week menus (summer and winter) were devised to reflect typical intakes of plant-based foods. Existing databases were used to estimate daily phytochemical content for seven phytochemical families: phenolic acids, flavonoids (except anthocyanins), anthocyanins, tannins, organosulfur compounds, carotenoids, and caffeine. The summer and winter menus provided 1607 and 1441 mg/day, respectively, of total polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins), the difference being driven by reduced anthocyanin intake in winter. Phenolic acids, flavonoids (including anthocyanins), and tannins accounted for approximately 50%, 25%, and 25% of total polyphenols, respectively. Dietary carotenoid and organosulfur compound content was estimated to be approximately 17 and 70 mg/day, respectively, in both seasons. Finally, both menus provided approximately 110 mg/day of caffeine, exclusively from tea and coffee. Our work supports ongoing efforts to define phytochemical insufficiency states that may occur in individuals with unbalanced diets and related disease risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- INRAE, MoISA, University of Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, Institut Agro-Montpellier SupAgro, IRD, Campus La Gaillarde, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)4-99-61-22-16
| | - Christian Latgé
- Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Langlade-3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13 562, CEDEX 1, 31035 Toulouse, France;
| | - Laurence Plumey
- NUTRITION CO&CO, 11 Avenue des Vignes, 92210 St Cloud, France;
| | - Sylvie Raynal
- Naturactive, Pierre Fabre Laboratories, 29 Avenue du Sidobre, 81106 Castres, France;
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Forsido SF, Tadesse F, Belachew T, Hensel O. Maternal dietary practices, dietary diversity, and nutrient composition of diets of lactating mothers in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254259. [PMID: 34252141 PMCID: PMC8274933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal nutrition during lactation is essential for the well-being of the mother and the infant. Studies have shown that access to nutrient-rich foods during lactation is critical as minimal stores of nutrients can have adverse effects. This study aimed to investigate the diversity, composition, and nutrient adequacy of diets of lactating mothers in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in three districts of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, in February 2014. A stratified multistage sampling technique was used to select 558 lactating mothers. Data were collected using a pre-tested and structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) was computed from a single 24-h recall. A cut off value of 5 was used to classify the dietary diversity into achieving MDD-W or not. The proximate, mineral and anti-nutritional compositions of 12 commonly consumed foods were analysed using standard methods. Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and Mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of these foods were estimated. RESULTS The mean (±SD) dietary diversity score (DDS) of the study participants was 3.73±1.03. Meeting MDD-W was positively associated with agricultural production diversity (P = 0.001) and educational level of the women (P = 0.04). Conversely, district of the study (P = 0.003) and place of residence (P = 0.019) were negatively associated with meeting MDD-W. The proximate composition (g/100g) of the sampled foods ranged between 24.8-65.6 for moisture, 7.6-19.8 for protein, 2.1-23.1 for crude fat, 2.0-27 for crude fibre, 1.0-21.2 for total ash, and 0.9-45.8 for total carbohydrate content. The calorific value ranged between 124.5-299.6 Kcal/100g. The mineral contents (mg/100g) ranged between 9.5-52.5 for iron, 2.2-4.2 for zinc, 42.6-318.2 for calcium, and 150.7-379.9 for phosphorus. The content of anti-nutritional factors (mg/100g) ranged between 11.1-178.9 for phytate and 3.7-315.9 for tannin. All the commonly consumed maternal foods were not sufficient to meet the energy, fat and protein requirements, (NAR<1). However, all diets provided adequate iron and most of the cereal-based foods provided adequate carbohydrate and minerals. The overall nutrient adequacy was below the cut-off point for all food types. CONCLUSIONS The diets of lactating mothers in Southwest Ethiopia lack diversity and nutrient adequacy. A community-based nutrition education program on the importance of diet diversity and nutrient intake during lactation based on a multi-sectoral approach is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirawdink Fikreyesus Forsido
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstraße 1a, Witzenhausen, Germany
- Department of Post-Harvest Management, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Frehiwot Tadesse
- Department of Post-Harvest Management, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Department of Population and Family Health, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Oliver Hensel
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstraße 1a, Witzenhausen, Germany
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Sharma S, Khandelwal R, Yadav K, Ramaswamy G, Vohra K. Effect of cooking food in iron-containing cookware on increase in blood hemoglobin level and iron content of the food: A systematic review. Nepal J Epidemiol 2021; 11:994-1005. [PMID: 34290890 PMCID: PMC8266402 DOI: 10.3126/nje.v11i2.36682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In developing countries there is a need for simple and cost-effective strategies to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia. The objective of the current systematic review is to summarize how cooking food in iron pots or iron ingots can increase the blood hemoglobin level and iron content of the food. Literature search was conducted using databases namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline-Ovid, IndMed, Cochrane library, World Health Organization bulletin and by cross-referencing articles. Thirteen researches were found to be suitable for inclusion in this systematic review. Four studies reported significant increase in blood hemoglobin levels while others reported only a minor increase. Significant improvement in amount of iron in food and iron bioavailability was also observed when food was cooked using iron pot or ingots. This can be used as a strategy for reduction of iron deficiency anemia. However, more research is required to understand the efficacy of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shally Sharma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritika Khandelwal
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Yadav
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gomathi Ramaswamy
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India
| | - Kashish Vohra
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Wang Y, Yan B, Abbaspourrad A, Cheng Y. Improved photostability of folic acid by the radical-scavenging effect of tannic acid. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Tuyizere JD, Okidi L, Elolu S, Ongeng D. In vitro bioavailability-based assessment of the contribution of wild fruits and vegetables to household dietary iron requirements among rural households in a developing country setting: The case of Acholi Subregion of Uganda. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:625-638. [PMID: 33598148 PMCID: PMC7866616 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild fruits and vegetables (WFV) are believed to contain substantial quantities of micronutrients and are commonly consumed in rural areas of developing countries endowed with natural vegetation. Previous studies that provided evidence on the contribution of WFV to household micronutrient intake in a developing country setting did not consider the effect of antinutritional factors. Therefore, applying the in vitro bioavailability assessment technique and using the Acholi subregion of Uganda a case area, this study examined the contribution of commonly consumed WFV to the pooled annual household dietary requirement for iron. Laboratory analysis showed that the concentration of antinutrients varied with plant species but the pool was dominated by phytate (10.5-150 mg/100 g) and phenolic substances (38.6-41.7 mg GAE/g). In vitro iron bioavailability varied with plant species was quantitatively higher from vegetables than fruits by 27% although total concentration of the micronutrient was higher in fruits than vegetables by 142%. Nutritional computation, taking into account, household composition, and physiological status revealed that consumption of WFV resulted in a median contribution of 1.8% (a minimum of 0.02 and a maximum of 34.7%) to the pooled annual household dietary iron requirements on the basis of bioavailable iron fraction. These results demonstrate that WFV contributes meagerly to household iron needs but may serve other dietary and non-nutrient health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Damascene Tuyizere
- Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentDepartment of Food Science and Postharvest TechnologyGulu UniversityGuluUganda
| | - Lawrence Okidi
- Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentDepartment of Food Science and Postharvest TechnologyGulu UniversityGuluUganda
| | - Samuel Elolu
- Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentDepartment of Food Science and Postharvest TechnologyGulu UniversityGuluUganda
| | - Duncan Ongeng
- Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentDepartment of Food Science and Postharvest TechnologyGulu UniversityGuluUganda
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Verna G, Sila A, Liso M, Mastronardi M, Chieppa M, Cena H, Campiglia P. Iron-Enriched Nutritional Supplements for the 2030 Pharmacy Shelves. Nutrients 2021; 13:378. [PMID: 33530485 PMCID: PMC7912282 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) affects people of all ages in many countries. Due to intestinal blood loss and reduced iron absorption, ID is a threat to IBD patients, women, and children the most. Current therapies can efficiently recover normal serum transferrin saturation and hemoglobin concentration but may cause several side effects, including intestinal inflammation. ID patients may benefit from innovative nutritional supplements that may satisfy iron needs without side effects. There is a growing interest in new iron-rich superfoods, like algae and mushrooms, which combine antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with iron richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Verna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Sila
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marina Liso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Mauro Mastronardi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri I.R.C.C.S, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Jacobs L, Meesters J, Parijs I, Hooyberghs G, Van der Eycken EV, Lories B, Steenackers HP. 2-Aminoimidazoles as potent inhibitors of contaminating brewery biofilms. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:61-77. [PMID: 33573402 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1874366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cleaning and disinfection protocols are not always able to remove biofilm microbes present in breweries, indicating that novel anti-biofilm strategies are needed. The preventive activities of three in-house synthesized members of the 2-aminoimidazole class of anti-biofilm molecules were studied against 17 natural brewery biofilms and benchmarked against 18 known inhibitors. Two 2-aminoimidazoles belonged to the top six inhibitors, which were retested against 12 defined brewery biofilm models. For the three best inhibitors, tannic acid (n° 1), 2-aminoimidazole imi-AAC-5 (n° 2), and baicalein (n° 3), the effect on the microbial metabolic activity was evaluated. Here, the top three inhibitors showed similar effectiveness, with baicalein possessing a slightly higher efficacy. Even though the 2-aminoimidazole was the second-best inhibitor, it showed a lower biocidal activity than tannic acid, making it less prone to resistance evolution. Overall, this study supports the potential of 2-aminoimidazoles as a preventive anti-biofilm strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Jacobs
- Centrum of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Ilse Parijs
- Centrum of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Hooyberghs
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry - LOMAC, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry - LOMAC, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Bram Lories
- Centrum of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Belgium
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Lurthy T, Pivato B, Lemanceau P, Mazurier S. Importance of the Rhizosphere Microbiota in Iron Biofortification of Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:744445. [PMID: 34925398 PMCID: PMC8679237 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.744445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the iron content of plant products and iron assimilability represents a major issue for human nutrition and health. This is also a major challenge because iron is not readily available for plants in most cultivated soils despite its abundance in the Earth's crust. Iron biofortification is defined as the enhancement of the iron content in edible parts of plants. This biofortification aims to reach the objectives defined by world organizations for human nutrition and health while being environment friendly. A series of options has been proposed to enhance plant iron uptake and fight against hidden hunger, but they all show limitations. The present review addresses the potential of soil microorganisms to promote plant iron nutrition. Increasing knowledge on the plant microbiota and plant-microbe interactions related to the iron dynamics has highlighted a considerable contribution of microorganisms to plant iron uptake and homeostasis. The present overview of the state of the art sheds light on plant iron uptake and homeostasis, and on the contribution of plant-microorganism (plant-microbe and plant-plant-microbe) interactions to plant nutritition. It highlights the effects of microorganisms on the plant iron status and on the co-occurring mechanisms, and shows how this knowledge may be valued through genetic and agronomic approaches. We propose a change of paradigm based on a more holistic approach gathering plant and microbial traits mediating iron uptake. Then, we present the possible applications in plant breeding, based on plant traits mediating plant-microbe interactions involved in plant iron uptake and physiology.
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Zhang YY, Stockmann R, Ng K, Ajlouni S. Opportunities for plant-derived enhancers for iron, zinc, and calcium bioavailability: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:652-685. [PMID: 33443794 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanism of interactions between dietary elements, their salts, and complexing/binding ligands is vital to manage both deficiency and toxicity associated with essential element bioavailability. Numerous mineral ligands are found in both animal and plant foods and are known to exert bioactivity via element chelation resulting in modulation of antioxidant capacity or micobiome metabolism among other physiological outcomes. However, little is explored in the context of dietary mineral ligands and element bioavailability enhancement, particularly with respect to ligands from plant-derived food sources. This review highlights a novel perspective to consider various plant macro/micronutrients as prospective bioavailability enhancing ligands of three essential elements (Fe, Zn, and Ca). We also delineate the molecular mechanisms of the ligand-binding interactions underlying mineral bioaccessibility at the luminal level. We conclude that despite current understandings of some of the structure-activity relationships associated with strong mineral-ligand binding, the physiological links between ligands as element carriers and uptake at targeted sites throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract still require more research. The binding behavior of potential ligands in the human diet should be further elucidated and validated using pharmacokinetic approaches and GI models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yianna Y Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Werribee, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Ken Ng
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Said Ajlouni
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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35
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Delimont NM, Nickel S. Salivary cystatin SN is a factor predicting iron bioavailability after phytic acid rich meals in female participants. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:559-568. [PMID: 33179561 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1846164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phytic acid is an inhibitor of iron bioavailability, but it has been suggested that individuals may adapt to phytic acid over time, and that the salivary protein, cystatin SN, may be involved. This study evaluated the relationship between human cystatin SN levels and iron bioavailability after a phytic acid rich meal. Three groups of ten women consumed meals with: (1) 500 mg phytate sprinkles, (2) 500 mg phytate capsules, or (3) no phytic acid. Iron bioavailability was measured by the mealtime percentage of maximum iron recovery; cystatin SN was measured pre-and post-meal by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pre-to-post meal cystatin SN was positively correlated with improved iron bioavailability in group 1. Pre-to-post meal cystatin SN was correlated with improved iron absorption in groups 1 and 2. Cystatin SN recovery after phytic acid rich meals may be a physiological factor predicting iron bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Nickel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
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36
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Micronutrient Status and Dietary Diversity of Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Pakistan. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113407. [PMID: 33171944 PMCID: PMC7694683 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consuming a diverse diet is essential to ensure an adequate intake of micronutrients. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and dietary diversity of women of reproductive age (WRA) living in a marginalized community in rural Pakistan. Forty-seven WRA (35 ± 7 years old) who were not pregnant or lactating at enrollment, were recruited to participate in the study. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall interviews were conducted by the study nutritionist, and the data collected were used to create a minimum dietary diversity for women score (MDD-W) on five occasions during the monsoon and winter seasons (October to February). Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometry and biochemical markers of micronutrient status. Height and weight were used to determine body mass index (BMI), and mid-upper-arm circumference was measured. Plasma zinc, iron, and selenium concentrations were measured using inductively coupled mass spectrometry, and iron status was assessed using serum ferritin and blood hemoglobin concentrations. The mean (±SD) food group diversity score was 4 ± 1 with between 26% and 41% of participants achieving an MDD-W of 5. BMI was 27.2 ± 5.5 kg/m2 with 28% obese, 34% overweight, and 6% underweight. The prevalence of zinc deficiency, based on plasma zinc concentration, was 29.8%; 17% of the participants had low plasma selenium levels; 8.5% were iron deficient; and 2% were suffering from iron deficiency anemia. The findings indicate that the women living in this community consume a diet that has a low diversity, consistent with a diet low in micronutrients, and that zinc deficiency is prevalent. Public health interventions aimed at increasing the dietary diversity of WRA are needed to improve the micronutrient intake, particularly of zinc, in this population.
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37
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Ferruzzi MG, Kruger J, Mohamedshah Z, Debelo H, Taylor JR. Insights from in vitro exploration of factors influencing iron, zinc and provitamin A carotenoid bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption from cereals. J Cereal Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Wang H, Gao W, Huang L, Shen JJ, Liu Y, Mo CH, Yang L, Zhu YW. Mineral requirements in ducks: an update. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6764-6773. [PMID: 33248592 PMCID: PMC7705048 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral nutrition plays a critical role in growth and bone mineralization in meat ducks as well as reproductive performance in duck layers and duck breeders. In addition to improving production performance parameters, minerals are also essential to support several enzymatic systems to enhancing antioxidant ability and immune function. This review explores the biological function and metabolism of minerals in the body, as well as mineral feeding strategy of various species of ducks. Topics range from mineral requirement to the physiological role of macroelements such as calcium and phosphorus and microelements such as zinc and selenium, etc. As with the improvement of genetic evolution and upgrade of rearing system in duck production, mineral requirements and electrolyte balance are urgent to be re-evaluated using sensitive biomarkers for the modern duck breed characterized by the rapid growth rate and inadequate bone development and mineralization. For duck breeders, mineral nutrition is not only required for maximal egg production performance but also for maintaining normal embryonic development and offspring's performance. Therefore, the proper amounts of bioavailable minerals need to be supplemented to maintain the mineral nutritional state of duck species during all phases of life. In addition, more positive effects of high doses microelements supplementations have been revealed for modern meat ducks subjected to various stresses in commercial production. The nutritional factors of mineral sources, supplemental enzymes, and antinutritional factors from unconventional ingredients should be emphasized to improve the effectiveness of mineral nutrition in duck feed formulation. Organic mineral sources and phytase enzymes have been adopted to reduce the antagonistic action between mineral and antinutritional factors. Therefore, special and accurate database of mineral requirements should be established for special genotypes of ducks under different rearing conditions, including rearing factors, environmental stresses and diets supplemented with organic sources, phytase and VD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - W Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - L Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - J J Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Y Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - C H Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - L Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Y W Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Is There Such a Thing as "Anti-Nutrients"? A Narrative Review of Perceived Problematic Plant Compounds. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102929. [PMID: 32987890 PMCID: PMC7600777 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets are associated with reduced risk of lifestyle-induced chronic diseases. The thousands of phytochemicals they contain are implicated in cellular-based mechanisms to promote antioxidant defense and reduce inflammation. While recommendations encourage the intake of fruits and vegetables, most people fall short of their target daily intake. Despite the need to increase plant-food consumption, there have been some concerns raised about whether they are beneficial because of the various ‘anti-nutrient’ compounds they contain. Some of these anti-nutrients that have been called into question included lectins, oxalates, goitrogens, phytoestrogens, phytates, and tannins. As a result, there may be select individuals with specific health conditions who elect to decrease their plant food intake despite potential benefits. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the science of these ‘anti-nutrients’ and weigh the evidence of whether these compounds pose an actual health threat.
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40
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Raghunath S, Mallikarjunan K. Optimization of ultrasound‐assisted extraction of cold‐brewed black tea using response surface methodology. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Raghunath
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | - Kumar Mallikarjunan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
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41
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Silva AS, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Süntar I, Sureda A, Belwal T, Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Sobarzo-Sanchez E, Rastrelli L, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Battino M, Filosa R, Daglia M, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Evaluation of the status quo of polyphenols analysis: Part I-phytochemistry, bioactivity, interactions, and industrial uses. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3191-3218. [PMID: 33337062 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals, especially polyphenols, are gaining more attention from both the scientific community and food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries due to their implications in human health. In this line, lately new applications have emerged, and of great importance is the selection of accurate and reliable analytical methods for better evaluation of the quality of the end-products, which depends on diverse process variables as well as on the matrices and on the physicochemical properties of different polyphenols. The first of a two-part review on polyphenols will address the phytochemistry and biological activities of different classes of polyphenols including flavonoids, lignans and flavanolignans, stilbenoids, tannins, curcuminoids, and coumarins. Moreover, the possible interactions of polyphenols and current and potential industrial applications of polyphenols are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanches Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal.,Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, E32004, Spain
| | - Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Tarun Belwal
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Chile
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernandez
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition & Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhengjiang, China
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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42
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Bioavailability of Tannins and Other Oligomeric Polyphenols: a Still to Be Studied Phenomenon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-020-00217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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43
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Shubham K, Anukiruthika T, Dutta S, Kashyap A, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Iron deficiency anemia: A comprehensive review on iron absorption, bioavailability and emerging food fortification approaches. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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44
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Managa MG, Mpai S, Remize F, Garcia C, Sivakumar D. Impact of moist cooking methods on colour, anti-nutritive compounds and phenolic metabolites in African nightshade (Solanum retroflexum Dun.). Food Chem 2020; 325:126805. [PMID: 32387944 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Not much information is available on the changes of phenolic metabolites or anti-nutritive compounds in African nightshade leaves during moist cooking. Blanching methods (boiling, microwave, and steaming) using 5-20% lemon juice was compared with the plain water as a control. Lemon juice at 20% significantly increased the total colour differences (ΔE). Chlorophyll content and the overall acceptance were highest for samples steamed in 5% lemon juice. Steam blanching in plain water reduced the tannin, oxalate and phytate contents but showed higher comparative peak responses for steroidal saponins. Neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, and caffeoylmalic acid, kaempferol O-rhamnosyl hexoside, and rutin were identified blanched leaves. Principle component analysis (PCA) discriminated between blanching treatments while Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) showed clear group distinctions between the blanching treatments. Chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid were the responsible biomarkers for the separation of the steam blanching treatments. Thus, steam blanching preserves the functional compounds in nightshade leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millicent G Managa
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West, P.O. 0001, South Africa
| | - Semagalene Mpai
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West, P.O. 0001, South Africa
| | - Fabienne Remize
- UMR C-95 QualiSud, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Cyrielle Garcia
- UMR C-95 QualiSud, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, Reunion Island, France
| | - Dharini Sivakumar
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria West, P.O. 0001, South Africa.
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45
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Paucity of Nutrition Guidelines and Nutrient Quality of Meals Served to Kenyan Boarding High School Students. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12083463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adequate nutrition is vital for the optimal growth, development, and general well-being of adolescents. A lack of nutritional guidelines for school meals poses a major challenge in the provision of nutritious meals to students in Kenyan boarding high schools. The aim of the study was to investigate the nutrient quality and portion sizes of meals served to students and the adequacy of the meals in meeting students’ health requirements. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 50 catering or kitchen managers of 50 high schools in Kenya. Data were obtained through researcher-assisted questionnaires. It was established that menus were simplistic in nature, lacked variety, and were repetitive. With regard to nutrients, menus offered to students were excessively highin dietary fiber, containing three or five times more than the recommended daily intake. In most cases, students were underfed on nutrients such as carbohydrates, vitamin A, folic acid, potassium, calcium, proteins, and vitamins B1–12, resulting in low energy provision. It is concluded that a majority ofthe Kenyan high schools studied do not provide nutritionally adequate meals. The government of Kenya should have nutrition guidelines to ensure that schools provide diets with high foodand nutrient quality to students.
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46
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Delimont NM, Carlson BN. Prevention of dental caries by grape seed extract supplementation: A systematic review. Nutr Health 2020; 26:43-52. [PMID: 31760860 DOI: 10.1177/0260106019887890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries are the most prominent chronic disease of children and adults worldwide, and facilitating evidence-based, preventative care for their prevention is critical. Caries are traditionally and successfully prevented by regular fluoride use, but there are opportunities to halt and restore caries with alternative agents in addition to fluoride use. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a readily available plant-based supplement that, due to its concentrated levels of proanthocyanidins, has promising characteristics that may assist in dental caries prevention. AIM The goal of this review was to investigate whether current research supports use of grape seed extract to prevent dental caries formation. METHODS A systematic review of articles related to grape seed extract, prevention of dental caries, inhibition of Streptococcus mutans, and remineralization was conducted. Articles were first chosen by inclusion of dental models that used grape seed extract as an intervention, and then by strength of study design. RESULTS Twenty articles were reviewed. Studies overall supported three unique grape seed extract properties facilitating dental caries prevention. In the first articles reviewed, grape seed extract inhibited proliferation of bacterial biofilms on tooth surfaces. In addition, studies reviewed indicated that grape seed extract promoted dental remineralization. CONCLUSIONS Caries prevention by grape seed extract may be unique compared with fluoride, and is linked to grape seed extract's bacteriostatic and collagen crosslinking properties. Future research should investigate potential delivery methods, and benefits of combined grape seed extract use with known caries preventative agents, in human participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Delimont
- Wichita State University College of Health Professions, Wichita, USA
| | - Brandi N Carlson
- Wichita State University College of Health Professions, Wichita, USA
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47
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Kluknavsky M, Balis P, Skratek M, Manka J, Bernatova I. (-)-Epicatechin Reduces the Blood Pressure of Young Borderline Hypertensive Rats During the Post-Treatment Period. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020096. [PMID: 31979210 PMCID: PMC7071046 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of (–)-epicatechin (Epi) in young male borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) during two weeks of treatment (Epi group, 100 mg/kg/day p.o.) and two weeks post treatment (PE group). Epi reduced blood pressure (BP), which persisted for two weeks post treatment. This was associated with delayed reduction of anxiety-like behaviour. Epi significantly increased nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities in the aorta and left heart ventricle (LHV) vs. the age-matched controls without affecting the brainstem and frontal neocortex. Furthermore, Epi significantly reduced the superoxide production in the aorta and relative content of iron-containing compounds in blood. Two weeks post treatment, the NOS activities and superoxide productions in the heart and aorta did not differ from the age-matched controls. The gene expressions of the NOSs (nNOS, iNOS, eNOS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) remained unaltered in the aorta and LHV of the Epi and PE groups. In conclusion, while Epi-induced a decrease of the rats’ BP persisted for two weeks post treatment, continuous Epi treatments seem to be necessary for maintaining elevated NO production as well as redox balance in the heart and aorta without changes in the NOSs, Nrf2, and PPAR-γ gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kluknavsky
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Peter Balis
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Martin Skratek
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Jan Manka
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Iveta Bernatova
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence:
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48
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Yun S, Chu D, He X, Zhang W, Feng C. Protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins against iron overload-induced renal oxidative damage in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 57:126407. [PMID: 31570250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive exposure to iron can cause kidney damage, and chelating drugs such as deferoxamine and deferiprone have limited usefulness in treating iron poisoning. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPAs) against iron overload induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The roles of GSPAs in chelating iron, antioxidant activity, renal function, pathological section, and apoptosis-related gene expression were assessed. METHODS Newly weaned male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 days (weight, 65 ± 5 g) were randomly divided into four groups containing 10 rats each: normal control (negative) group, iron overload (positive) group, GSPAs group, and GSPAs + iron overload (test) group. Iron dextran injections (2.5 mg⋅ kg-1) and GSPAs (25 mg⋅ kg-1) were intraperitoneally and intragastrically administered to rats daily for 7 weeks, respectively. Measurements included red blood cell (RBC) count and hemoglobin (Hb) level, serum total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), renal iron content, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant activity (T-AOC), creatinine (CR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, pathological changes, and apoptotic Fas, Bax expressions in the kidney tissue. Differences among the dietary groups were determined using one-way analysis of variance with post-hoc Tukey's test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS RBC count, Hb level, renal iron content, MDA content, CR and BUN levels, and Fas, Bax expressions significantly increased in the positive group than in the negative group; contrarily, TIBC, GSH-Px activity, and T-AOC significantly decreased in the positive group than in the negative group (P < 0.05). Although not statistically significant, SOD activity was slightly reduced in the positive group than in the negative group. Inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue proliferation were observed in the kidney tissue of the rats in the positive group; in contrast, the rats exhibited better recovery when GSPAs were used instead of iron alone. Compared with the positive group, RBC counts, Hb levels, renal iron contents, the MDA content, CR and BUN levels, and Fas, Bax expressions significantly decreased, whereas the TIBC, the GSH-Px and SOD activities as well as T-AOC significantly increased in the test group rats (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the RBC counts, Hb levels, TIBC, renal iron contents, the SOD activity and MDA content, CR and BUN levels, and Fas expression between the GSPAs and negative groups. The GSH-Px activity and T-AOC were significantly increased whereas Bax expression was significantly decreased in the GSPAs group rats than in the negative group rats (P < 0.05). The rats in the GSPAs, test, and negative groups displayed glomeruli and tubules with a clear structure; further, the epithelial cells in the renal tubules were neatly arranged. CONCLUSIONS GSPAs have protective effects on nephrotoxicity in rats with iron overload. Thus, further investigation of GSPAs as a new and natural phytochemo-preventive agent against iron overload is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Dongyang Chu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Xingshuai He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
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49
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Sharma K, Kumar V, Kaur J, Tanwar B, Goyal A, Sharma R, Gat Y, Kumar A. Health effects, sources, utilization and safety of tannins: a critical review. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1662813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Sharma
- Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Beenu Tanwar
- Department of Dairy Technology, Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Ankit Goyal
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Yogesh Gat
- Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Delimont NM, Katz BB, Fiorentino NM, Kimmel KA, Haub MD, Rosenkranz SK, Tomich JM, Lindshield BL. Salivary Cystatin SN Binds to Phytic Acid In Vitro and Is a Predictor of Nonheme Iron Bioavailability with Phytic Acid Supplementation in a Proof of Concept Pilot Study. Curr Dev Nutr 2019; 3:nzz057. [PMID: 31218272 PMCID: PMC6571437 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute phytic acid intake has been found to decrease iron bioavailability; however, repeated phytic acid consumption leads to iron absorption adaptation. Salivary proline-rich proteins (PRPs) have been shown to inhibit iron chelation to tannins and may mediate similar iron absorption adaptation with phytic acid intake. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine whether salivary proteins bind to phytic acid in vitro, and to explore a proof of concept in a pilot study that examined the impact of 4-wk, daily phytic acid supplementation on individuals' iron status, bioavailability, and salivary PRP concentrations. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight were used to characterize in vitro salivary protein-phytic acid interactions. Nonanemic women (n = 7) consumed 350 mg phytic acid supplements 3 times daily for 4 wk, and meal challenges were employed to determine iron bioavailability, iron status, and salivary protein concentrations before and after supplementation periods. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of purified protein fractions and participant saliva identified proteins bound to phytic acid. RESULTS In vitro salivary protein-phytic acid interaction identified cystatin SN, a non-proline rich salivary protein, as the specific bound protein to phytic acid. Iron bioavailability (P = 0.32), hemoglobin (P = 0.72), and serum ferritin (P = 0.08) concentrations were not reduced from week 0 to week 4 after phytic acid supplementation. Basic PRPs and cystatin SN concentrations were positively correlated with iron bioavailability at week 4. CONCLUSIONS Overall, results suggest that phytic acid binds to the non-PRP cystatin SN and that salivary protein production may improve iron bioavailability with phytic acid consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Delimont
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Benjamin B Katz
- Biotechnology and Proteomics Core Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Nicole M Fiorentino
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Katheryne A Kimmel
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Mark D Haub
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Sara K Rosenkranz
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - John M Tomich
- Biotechnology and Proteomics Core Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Brian L Lindshield
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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