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Boopathy AV, Nekkalapudi A, Sung J, Schulha S, Jin D, Sharma B, Ng S, Lu S, Wimmer R, Suthram S, Ahmadi-Erber S, Lauterbach H, Orlinger KK, Hung M, Carr B, Callebaut C, Geleziunas R, Kuhne M, Schmidt S, Falkard B. Flt3 agonist enhances immunogenicity of arenavirus vector-based simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine in macaques. J Virol 2024; 98:e0029424. [PMID: 38829139 PMCID: PMC11265421 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00294-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Arenaviral vaccine vectors encoding simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) immunogens are capable of inducing efficacious humoral and cellular immune responses in nonhuman primates. Several studies have evaluated the use of immune modulators to further enhance vaccine-induced T-cell responses. The hematopoietic growth factor Flt3L drives the expansion of various bone marrow progenitor populations, and administration of Flt3L was shown to promote expansion of dendritic cell populations in spleen and blood, which are targets of arenaviral vectors. Therefore, we evaluated the potential of Flt3 signaling to enhance the immunogenicity of arenaviral vaccines encoding SIV immunogens (SIVSME543 Gag, Env, and Pol) in rhesus macaques, with a rhesus-specific engineered Flt3L-Fc fusion protein. In healthy animals, administration of Flt3L-Fc led to a 10- to 100-fold increase in type 1 dendritic cells 7 days after dosing, with no antidrug antibody (ADA) generation after repeated dosing. We observed that administration of Flt3L-Fc fusion protein 7 days before arenaviral vaccine increased the frequency and activation of innate immune cells and enhanced T-cell activation with no treatment-related adverse events. Flt3L-Fc administration induced early innate immune activation, leading to a significant enhancement in magnitude, breadth, and polyfunctionality of vaccine-induced T-cell responses. The Flt3L-Fc enhancement in vaccine immunogenicity was comparable to a combination with αCTLA-4 and supports the use of safe and effective variants of Flt3L to augment therapeutic vaccine-induced T-cell responses.IMPORTANCEInduction of a robust human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell response through therapeutic vaccination is considered essential for HIV cure. Arenaviral vaccine vectors encoding simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) immunogens have demonstrated strong immunogenicity and efficacy in nonhuman primates. Here, we demonstrate that the immunogenicity of arenaviral vectors encoding SIV immunogens can be enhanced by administration of Flt3L-Fc fusion protein 7 days before vaccination. Flt3L-Fc-mediated increase in dendritic cells led to robust improvements in vaccine-induced T- and B-cell responses compared with vaccine alone, and Flt3L-Fc dosing was not associated with any treatment-related adverse events. Importantly, immune modulation by either Flt3L-Fc or αCTLA-4 led to comparable enhancement in vaccine response. These results indicate that the addition of Flt3L-Fc fusion protein before vaccine administration can significantly enhance vaccine immunogenicity. Thus, safe and effective Flt3L variants could be utilized as part of a combination therapy for HIV cure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janette Sung
- Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | | | - Debi Jin
- Protein Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | - Bhawna Sharma
- Discovery Virology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | - Sarah Ng
- Oncology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | - Sabrina Lu
- Protein Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | | | - Silpa Suthram
- Bioinformatics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | | | - Henning Lauterbach
- Global Research and Development, Hookipa Pharma Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Klaus K. Orlinger
- Global Research and Development, Hookipa Pharma Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Magdeleine Hung
- Protein Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | - Brian Carr
- Drug Metabolism, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | | | - Romas Geleziunas
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | - Michelle Kuhne
- Oncology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
| | - Sarah Schmidt
- Virology, Hookipa Pharma Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Brie Falkard
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster, California, USA
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Koutsoumpli G, Stasiukonyte N, Hoogeboom BN, Daemen T. An in vitro CD8 T-cell priming assay enables epitope selection for hepatitis C virus vaccines. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00659-5. [PMID: 38964950 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
For the rational design of epitope-specific vaccines, identifying epitopes that can be processed and presented is essential. As algorithm-based epitope prediction is frequently discordant with actually recognized CD8+ T-cell epitopes, we developed an in vitro CD8 T-cell priming protocol to enable the identification of truly and functionally expressed HLA class I epitopes. The assay was established and validated to identify epitopes presented by hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected cells. In vitro priming of naïve CD8 T cells was achieved by culturing unfractionated PBMCs in the presence of a specific cocktail of growth factors and cytokines, and next exposing the cells to hepatic cells expressing the NS3 protein of HCV. After a 10-day co-culture, HCV-specific T-cell responses were identified based on IFN-γ ELISpot analysis. For this, the T cells were restimulated with long synthetic peptides (SLPs) spanning the whole NS3 protein sequence allowing the identification of HCV-specificity. We demonstrated that this protocol resulted in the in vitro priming of naïve precursors to antigen-experienced T-cells specific for 11 out of 98 SLPs tested. These 11 SLPs contain 12 different HLA-A*02:01-restricted epitopes, as predicted by a combination of three epitope prediction algorithms. Furthermore, we identified responses against 3 peptides that were not predicted to contain any immunogenic HLA class I epitopes, yet showed HCV-specific responses in vitro. Separation of CD8+ and CD8- T cells from PBMCs primed in vitro showed responses only upon restimulation with short peptides. We established an in vitro method that enables the identification of HLA class I epitopes resulting from cross-presented antigens and that can cross-prime T cells and allows the effective selection of functional immunogenic epitopes, but also less immunogenic ones, for the design of tailored therapeutic vaccines against persistent viral infections and tumor antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Koutsoumpli
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30 001, HPC EB88, 9700RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Neringa Stasiukonyte
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30 001, HPC EB88, 9700RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Baukje Nynke Hoogeboom
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30 001, HPC EB88, 9700RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Toos Daemen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30 001, HPC EB88, 9700RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Chen SS, Zhang H. Abrogation and homeostatic restoration of IgE responses by a universal IgE allergy CTL vaccine-The three signal self/non-self/self (S/NS/S) theory. Immunology 2024; 172:91-108. [PMID: 38303079 PMCID: PMC10987285 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural IgE cytotoxic peptides (nECPs), which are derived from the constant domain of the heavy chain of human IgE producing B cells via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, are decorated onto MHC class 1a molecules (MHCIa) as unique biomarkers for CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte)-mediated immune surveillance. Human IgE exhibits only one isotype and lacks polymorphisms; IgE is pivotal in mediating diverse, allergen-specific allergies. Therefore, by disrupting self-IgE tolerance via costimulation, the CTLs induced by nECPs can serve as universal allergy vaccines (UAVs) in humans to dampen IgE production mediated by diverse allergen-specific IgE-secreting B cells and plasma cells expressing surface nECP-MHCIa as targets. The study herein has enabled the identification of nECPs, A32 and SP-1/SP-2 nonameric natural peptides produced through the correspondence principle. Vaccination using nECP induced nECP-specific CTL that profoundly suppressed human IgE production in vitro as well as chimeric human IgE production in human IgE/HLA-A2.01/HLA-B7.02 triple transgenic rodents. Furthermore, nECP-tetramer-specific CTLs were found to be converted into CD4 Tregs that restored IgE competence via the homeostatic principle, mediatepred by SREBP-1c suppressed DCs. Thus, nECPs showed causal efficacy and safety as UAVs for treating categorically type I hypersensitivity IgE-mediated allergies. The applied vaccination concept presented provides the foundation to unify, integrate through a singular class of tetramer-specific TCR clonotypes for regulaing human IgE production. The three signal theory pertains to mechanisms of three cells underlying central tolerance (S), breaking self tolerance (NS) and regaining peripheral tolerance (S) via homeostasis concerning nECP as an efficacious and safe UAV to treat type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. The three signal theory impirically extended, may be heuritic for immuno-regulation of adaptive immune repertoire in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swey-Shen Chen
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, AAIIT LLC, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics and Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Protein Display and Molecular Evolution, The Institute of Genetics at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hailan Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, AAIIT LLC, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Vaccinology and Immunotherapy, IGE Therapeutics and Pharmaceuticals, Inc, San Diego, California, USA
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Cabral-Piccin MP, Briceño O, Papagno L, Liouville B, White E, Perdomo-Celis F, Autaa G, Volant S, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Fromentin R, Chomont N, Price DA, Sáez-Cirión A, Lambotte O, Katlama C, Appay V. CD8 + T-cell priming is quantitatively but not qualitatively impaired in people with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2024; 38:161-166. [PMID: 37800637 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The induction of de novo CD8 + T-cell responses is essential for protective antiviral immunity, but this process is often impaired in people with HIV-1 (PWH). We investigated the extent to which the immune competence of naive CD8 + T cells, a key determinant of priming efficacy, could be preserved or restored in PWH via long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS We used flow cytometry, molecular analyses of gene transcription and telomere length, and a fully validated priming assay to characterize naive CD8 + T cells ex vivo and evaluate the induction of antigen-specific effector/memory CD8 + T cells in vitro , comparing age-matched healthy uninfected donors (HUDs), PWH on ART, and natural HIV-1 controllers (HICs). RESULTS We found that naive CD8 + T cells were numerically reduced and exhibited a trend toward shorter telomere lengths in PWH on ART compared with HUDs and HICs. These features associated with impaired priming efficacy. However, we also found that naive CD8 + T cells were fully equipped proliferatively and transcriptionally in PWH on ART, enabling the generation of antigen-specific effector/memory CD8 + T cells with functional and phenotypic attributes comparable to those primed from HUDs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that naive CD8 + T cells in PWH on ART are intrinsically capable of generating functionally and phenotypically intact effector/memory CD8 + T cells in response to antigen, despite evidence of senescence and an overall numerical reduction that compromises priming efficacy relative to HUDs and HICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Olivia Briceño
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
- Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Papagno
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Liouville
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Eoghann White
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | | | - Gaëlle Autaa
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
| | - Stevenn Volant
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Asier Sáez-Cirión
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, Paris
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Service de Médecine Interne, Bicêtre (UMR 1184), CEA (IDMIT Department, IBFJ), INSERM, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), Le Kremlin Bicêtre
| | - Christine Katlama
- Infectious Diseases Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Pierre Louis Epidemiology and Public Health Institute (iPLESP), INSERM 1136, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
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Chen SS, Zhang H. Abrogation and Homeostatic Restoration of IgE Responses by a Universal IgE Allergy CTL Vaccine-The Three Signal Self/Non-Self/Self (S/NS/S) Model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.12.561777. [PMID: 37904962 PMCID: PMC10614744 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.12.561777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural IgE cytotoxic peptides (nECPs), which are derived from the constant domain of the heavy chain of human IgE producing B cells via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, are decorated onto MHC class 1a molecules (MHCIa) as unique biomarkers for CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte)-mediated immune surveillance. Human IgE exhibits only one isotype and lacks polymorphisms; IgE is pivotal in mediating diverse, allergen-specific allergies. Therefore, by disrupting self-IgE tolerance via costimulation, the cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by nECPs can serve as universal allergy vaccines (UAVs) in humans to dampen IgE production mediated by diverse allergen-specific IgE- secreting B cells and plasma cells expressing surface nECP-MHCIa as targets. The study herein has enabled the identification of nECPs produced through the correspondence principle 1, 2 . Furthermore, nECP-tetramer-specific CTLs were found to be converted into CD4 Tregs that restored IgE competence via the homeostatic principle, mediated by SREBP-1c suppressed DCs. Thus, nECPs showed causal efficacy and safety as UAVs for treating type I hypersensitivity IgE-mediated allergies. The applied vaccination concept presented provides the foundation to unify, integrate through a singular class of tetramer-specific TCR clonotypes. The three signal model is proposed on the mechanisms underlying central tolerance, breaking tolerance and regaining peripheral tolerance via homeostasis concerning nECP as an efficacious and safe UAV to treat type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. One Sentence Summary Human IgE self-peptides are identified as universal allergy vaccines that inhibit IgE synthesis while allowing homeostatic IgE recovery.Graphic abstract textThree cell S/NS/S model of Universal Allergy Vaccines (UAV): Natural IgE peptides (nECPs) presented by enabler DCs break central IgE tolerance (Self), leading to CTLs that inhibit IgE production (Non-self). Generative DCs converted by the metabolic milieu transform the pre-existing nECP-specific CTLs into nECP-specific Tregs leading to homeostatic recovery of IgE competence (S).
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Cabral-Piccin MP, Papagno L, Lahaye X, Perdomo-Celis F, Volant S, White E, Monceaux V, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Fromentin R, Price DA, Chomont N, Manel N, Saez-Cirion A, Appay V. Primary role of type I interferons for the induction of functionally optimal antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in HIV infection. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104557. [PMID: 37058769 PMCID: PMC10130611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8+ T cells equipped with a full arsenal of antiviral effector functions are critical for effective immune control of HIV-1. It has nonetheless remained unclear how best to elicit such potent cellular immune responses in the context of immunotherapy or vaccination. HIV-2 has been associated with milder disease manifestations and more commonly elicits functionally replete virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses compared with HIV-1. We aimed to learn from this immunological dichotomy and to develop informed strategies that could enhance the induction of robust CD8+ T cell responses against HIV-1. METHODS We developed an unbiased in vitro system to compare the de novo induction of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses after exposure to HIV-1 or HIV-2. The functional properties of primed CD8+ T cells were assessed using flow cytometry and molecular analyses of gene transcription. FINDINGS HIV-2 primed functionally optimal antigen-specific CD8+ T cells with enhanced survival properties more effectively than HIV-1. This superior induction process was dependent on type I interferons (IFNs) and could be mimicked via the adjuvant delivery of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a known agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). CD8+ T cells elicited in the presence of cGAMP were polyfunctional and highly sensitive to antigen stimulation, even after priming from people living with HIV-1. INTERPRETATION HIV-2 primes CD8+ T cells with potent antiviral functionality by activating the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/STING pathway, which results in the production of type I IFNs. This process may be amenable to therapeutic development via the use of cGAMP or other STING agonists to bolster CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity against HIV-1. FUNDING This work was funded by INSERM, the Institut Curie, and the University of Bordeaux (Senior IdEx Chair) and by grants from Sidaction (17-1-AAE-11097, 17-1-FJC-11199, VIH2016126002, 20-2-AEQ-12822-2, and 22-2-AEQ-13411), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche sur le SIDA (ECTZ36691, ECTZ25472, ECTZ71745, and ECTZ118797), and the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (EQ U202103012774). D.A.P. was supported by a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Award (100326/Z/12/Z).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Lahaye
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, Immunity and Cancer Department, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Stevenn Volant
- Institut Pasteur, Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Eoghann White
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Monceaux
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, Immunity and Cancer Department, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Asier Saez-Cirion
- Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV Inflammation et Persistance, 75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Viral Reservoirs and Immune Control Unit, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Victor Appay
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, 33000, Bordeaux, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013, Paris, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
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Definition and Characterization of SOX11-Derived T Cell Epitopes towards Immunotherapy of Glioma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031943. [PMID: 36768267 PMCID: PMC9916519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor SOX11 is a tumor-associated antigen with low expression in normal cells, but overexpression in glioblastoma (GBM). So far, conventional surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have not substantially improved the dismal prognosis of relapsed/refractory GBM patients. Immunotherapy is considered a promising strategy against GBM, but there is a fervent need for better immunotargets in GBM. To this end, we performed an in silico prediction study on SOX11, which primarily yielded ten promising HLA-A*0201-restricted peptides derived from SOX11. We defined a novel peptide FMACSPVAL, which had the highest score according to in silico prediction (6.02 nM by NetMHC-4.0) and showed an exquisite binding affinity to the HLA-A*0201 molecule in the peptide-binding assays. In the IFN-γ ELISPOT assays, FMACSPVAL demonstrated a high efficiency for generating SOX11-specific CD8+ T cells. Nine out of thirty-two healthy donors showed a positive response to SOX11, as assessed by the ELISPOT assays. Therefore, this novel antigen peptide epitope seems to be promising as a target for T cell-based immunotherapy in GBM. The adoptive transfer of in vitro elicited SOX11-specific CD8+ T cells constitutes a potential approach for the treatment of GBM patients.
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Ramos RN, Tosch C, Kotsias F, Claudepierre MC, Schmitt D, Remy-Ziller C, Hoffmann C, Ricordel M, Nourtier V, Farine I, Laruelle L, Hortelano J, Spring-Giusti C, Sedlik C, Le Tourneau C, Hoffmann C, Silvestre N, Erbs P, Bendjama K, Thioudellet C, Quemeneur E, Piaggio E, Rittner K. Pseudocowpox virus, a novel vector to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor vaccination. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1392. [PMID: 35573979 PMCID: PMC9081486 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Antitumor viral vaccines, and more particularly poxviral vaccines, represent an active field for clinical development and translational research. To improve the efficacy and treatment outcome, new viral vectors are sought, with emphasis on their abilities to stimulate innate immunity, to display tumor antigens and to induce a specific T‐cell response. Methods We screened for a new poxviral backbone with improved innate and adaptive immune stimulation using IFN‐α secretion levels in infected PBMC cultures as selection criteria. Assessment of virus effectiveness was made in vitro and in vivo. Results The bovine pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) stood out among several poxviruses for its ability to induce significant secretion of IFN‐α. PCPV produced efficient activation of human monocytes and dendritic cells, degranulation of NK cells and reversed MDSC‐induced T‐cell suppression, without being offensive to activated T cells. A PCPV‐based vaccine, encoding the HPV16 E7 protein (PCPV‐E7), stimulated strong antigen‐specific T‐cell responses in TC1 tumor‐bearing mice. Complete regression of tumors was obtained in a CD8+ T‐cell‐dependent manner after intratumoral injection of PCPV‐E7, followed by intravenous injection of the cancer vaccine MVA‐E7. PCPV also proved active when injected repeatedly intratumorally in MC38 tumor‐bearing mice, generating tumor‐specific T‐cell responses without encoding a specific MC38 antigen. From a translational perspective, we demonstrated that PCPV‐E7 effectively stimulated IFN‐γ production by T cells from tumor‐draining lymph nodes of HPV+‐infected cancer patients. Conclusion We propose PCPV as a viral vector suitable for vaccination in the field of personalised cancer vaccines, in particular for heterologous prime‐boost regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Nalio Ramos
- Institut Curie INSERM U932, and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biotherapie CICBT 1428 PSL Research University Paris France.,Present address: Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Patogênese e Terapia dirigida em Onco-Imuno-Hematologia Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP) São Paulo Brazil.,Present address: Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Fiorella Kotsias
- Institut Curie INSERM U932, and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biotherapie CICBT 1428 PSL Research University Paris France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christine Sedlik
- Institut Curie INSERM U932, and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biotherapie CICBT 1428 PSL Research University Paris France
| | - Christophe Le Tourneau
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i) Institut Curie Paris and Saint-Cloud France
| | - Caroline Hoffmann
- Institut Curie INSERM U932, and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biotherapie CICBT 1428 PSL Research University Paris France.,Department of Surgical Oncology Institut Curie PSL Research University Paris France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie INSERM U932, and Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biotherapie CICBT 1428 PSL Research University Paris France
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Nicoli F, Cabral-Piccin MP, Papagno L, Gallerani E, Fusaro M, Folcher V, Dubois M, Clave E, Vallet H, Frere JJ, Gostick E, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Price DA, Toubert A, Dupré L, Boddaert J, Caputo A, Gavioli R, Appay V. Altered Basal Lipid Metabolism Underlies the Functional Impairment of Naive CD8 + T Cells in Elderly Humans. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:562-570. [PMID: 35031578 PMCID: PMC7615155 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with functional deficits in the naive T cell compartment, which compromise the generation of de novo immune responses against previously unencountered Ags. The mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon have nonetheless remained unclear. We found that naive CD8+ T cells in elderly humans were prone to apoptosis and proliferated suboptimally in response to stimulation via the TCR. These abnormalities were associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism under homeostatic conditions and enhanced levels of basal activation. Importantly, reversal of the bioenergetic anomalies with lipid-altering drugs, such as rosiglitazone, almost completely restored the Ag responsiveness of naive CD8+ T cells. Interventions that favor lipid catabolism may therefore find utility as adjunctive therapies in the elderly to promote vaccine-induced immunity against targetable cancers and emerging pathogens, such as seasonal influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France;
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Eleonora Gallerani
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mathieu Fusaro
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Université Toulouse III, INSERM UMR1291/CNRS UMR5051, Toulouse, France
| | - Victor Folcher
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Marion Dubois
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Vallet
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Justin J Frere
- Department of Immunobiology and the Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Dupré
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Université Toulouse III, INSERM UMR1291/CNRS UMR5051, Toulouse, France
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France;
- International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164, INSERM ERL1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux, France
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10
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Martínez-Espinoza I, Guerrero-Plata A. The Relevance of TLR8 in Viral Infections. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020134. [PMID: 35215078 PMCID: PMC8877508 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the largest pattern recognition receptors responsible for activating the innate and adaptive immune response against viruses through the release of inflammatory cytokines and antiviral mediators. Viruses are recognized by several TLRs, including TLR8, which is known to bind ssRNA structures. However, the similarities between TLR8 and TLR7 have obscured the distinctive characteristics of TLR8 activation and its importance in the immune system. Here we discuss the activation and regulation of TLR8 by viruses and its importance in therapeutical options such as vaccine adjuvants and antiviral stimulators.
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11
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Choi J, Goulding SP, Conn BP, McGann CD, Dietze JL, Kohler J, Lenkala D, Boudot A, Rothenberg DA, Turcott PJ, Srouji JR, Foley KC, Rooney MS, van Buuren MM, Gaynor RB, Abelin JG, Addona TA, Juneja VR. Systematic discovery and validation of T cell targets directed against oncogenic KRAS mutations. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100084. [PMID: 35474673 PMCID: PMC9017224 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in KRAS can be recognized by T cells on specific class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA-I) molecules, leading to tumor control. To date, the discovery of T cell targets from KRAS mutations has relied on occasional T cell responses in patient samples or the use of transgenic mice. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a systematic target discovery and validation pipeline. We evaluate the presentation of mutant KRAS peptides on individual HLA-I molecules using targeted mass spectrometry and identify 13 unpublished KRASG12C/D/R/V mutation/HLA-I pairs and nine previously described pairs. We assess immunogenicity, generating T cell responses to nearly all targets. Using cytotoxicity assays, we demonstrate that KRAS-specific T cells and T cell receptors specifically recognize endogenous KRAS mutations. The discovery and validation of T cell targets from KRAS mutations demonstrate the potential for this pipeline to aid the development of immunotherapies for important cancer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Choi
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Scott P. Goulding
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brandon P. Conn
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Jared L. Dietze
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jessica Kohler
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Divya Lenkala
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Antoine Boudot
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Paul J. Turcott
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John R. Srouji
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kendra C. Foley
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael S. Rooney
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Richard B. Gaynor
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Terri A. Addona
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vikram R. Juneja
- BioNTech US Inc., 40 Erie Street, Suite 110, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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12
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Cimen Bozkus C, Blazquez AB, Enokida T, Bhardwaj N. A T-cell-based immunogenicity protocol for evaluating human antigen-specific responses. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100758. [PMID: 34458873 PMCID: PMC8377590 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the antigen specificities of the endogenous T-cell repertoire is important for screening naturally occurring or therapy-induced T-cell immunity and may help identify novel targets for T-cell-based therapies. Here, we describe a rapid, sensitive, and high-throughput protocol for expanding antigen-specific T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro following peptide stimulation and detecting antigen-specific effector cytokine formation by flow cytometry. Our approach can be applied to examining specific T-cell subsets from various tissues. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Roudko et al. (2020) and Cimen Bozkus et al. (2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Cimen Bozkus
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10127, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Ana Belen Blazquez
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10127, USA
- Global Biological Specimen and Imaging Management (GBS&IM), Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Tomohiro Enokida
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10127, USA
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10127, USA
- Corresponding author
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13
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Kuse N, Akahoshi T, Takiguchi M. STING Ligand-Mediated Priming of Functional CD8 + T Cells Specific for HIV-1-Protective Epitopes from Naive T Cells. J Virol 2021; 95:e0069921. [PMID: 34076478 PMCID: PMC8312882 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00699-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells primed from naive T cells are expected to act as effector T cells in a "shock-and-kill" therapeutic strategy for an HIV-1 cure since less functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells are elicited from memory T cells in HIV-1-infected individuals on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). CD8+ T cells specific for HIV-1 conserved and protective epitopes are candidates for such T cells. We investigated the priming with STING ligand of CD8+ T cells specific for HLA-B*52:01 or HLA-C*12:02-restricted protective epitopes from naive T cells. STING ligand 3'3'-cGAMP effectively primed CD8+ T cells specific for 3 of 4 HLA-B*52:01-restricted epitopes but failed to prime those specific for all 3 HLA-C*12:02-restricted epitopes from the naive T cells of HIV-1-uninfected individuals having an HLA-B*52:01-C*12:02 protective haplotype. These HLA-B*52:01-restricted CD8+ T cells had a strong ability to suppress HIV-1 replication and expressed a high level of cytolytic effector molecules. The viral suppression ability of these T cells was significantly correlated with the expression level of perforin and showed a trend for a positive correlation with the expression level of CD107a. The present study highlighted the priming with STING ligand of functional CD8+ T cells specific for protective epitopes, which T cells would contribute as effector T cells to a shock-and-kill therapy. IMPORTANCE The current "shock-and-kill" therapeutic strategy for HIV cure has been directed toward eliminating latent viral reservoirs by reactivation of latent reservoirs with latency-reversing agents followed by eradication of these cells by immune-mediated responses. Although HIV-1-specific T cells are expected to eradicate viral reservoirs, the function of these T cells is reduced in HIV-1-infected individuals with long-term cART. Therefore, priming of HIV-1-specific T cells with high function from naive T cells is to be expected in these individuals. In this study, we demonstrated the priming with STING ligand 3'3'-cGAMP of CD8+ T cells specific for HIV-1-protective epitopes from naive T cells. cGAMP primed CD8+ T cells specific for 3 HLA-B*52:01-restricted protective epitopes, which cells expressed a high level of cytolytic effector molecules and effectively suppressed HIV-1 replication. The present study suggested that the priming with STING ligand of functional CD8+ T cells specific for protective epitopes would be useful in a therapy for an HIV-1 cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Kuse
- Tokyo Joint Laboratory and Division of International Collaboration Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Takiguchi
- Tokyo Joint Laboratory and Division of International Collaboration Research, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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14
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Use of a Novel Peptide Welding Technology Platform for the Development of B- and T-Cell Epitope-Based Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050526. [PMID: 34069535 PMCID: PMC8160815 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide vaccines incorporating B- and T-cell epitopes have shown promise in the context of various cancers and infections. These vaccines are relatively simple to manufacture, but more immunogenic formulations are considered a priority. We developed tetrabranched derivatives for this purpose based on a novel peptide welding technology (PWT). PWTs provide molecular scaffolds for the efficient synthesis of ultrapure peptide dendrimers, which allow the delivery of multiple ligands within a single macromolecular structure. Peptide vaccines incorporating T-cell epitopes derived from melanoma and B-cell epitopes derived from human immunodeficiency virus, synthesized using this approach, elicited primary immune responses in vitro and in vivo. Subcutaneous administration of the B-cell epitope-based vaccines also elicited more potent humoral responses than subcutaneous administration of the corresponding peptides alone. Highly immunogenic peptide epitope-based vaccines can therefore be generated quickly and easily using a novel PWT.
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15
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Freen-van Heeren JJ. Toll-like receptor-2/7-mediated T cell activation: An innate potential to augment CD8 + T cell cytokine production. Scand J Immunol 2021; 93:e13019. [PMID: 33377182 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are critical to combat pathogens and eradicate malignantly transformed cells. To exert their effector function and kill target cells, T cells produce copious amounts of effector molecules, including the pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon γ, tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 2. TCR triggering alone is sufficient to induce cytokine secretion by effector and memory CD8+ T cells. However, T cells can also be directly activated by pathogen-derived molecules, such as through the triggering of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLR-mediated pathogen sensing by T cells results in the production of only interferon γ. However, in particular when the antigen load on target cells is low, or when TCR affinity to the antigen is limited, antigen-experienced T cells can benefit from costimulatory signals. TLR stimulation can also function in a costimulatory fashion to enhance TCR triggering. Combined TCR and TLR triggering enhances the proliferation, memory formation and effector function of T cells, resulting in enhanced production of interferon γ, tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 2. Therefore, TLR ligands or the exploitation of TLR signalling could provide novel opportunities for immunotherapy approaches. In fact, CD19 CAR T cells bearing an intracellular TLR2 costimulatory domain were recently employed to treat cancer patients in a clinical trial. Here, the current knowledge regarding TLR2/7 stimulation-induced cytokine production by T cells is reviewed. Specifically, the transcriptional and post-transcriptional pathways engaged upon TLR2/7 sensing and TLR2/7 signalling are discussed. Finally, the potential uses of TLRs to enhance the anti-tumor effector function of T cells are explored.
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16
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Gutjahr A, Papagno L, Vernejoul F, Lioux T, Jospin F, Chanut B, Perouzel E, Rochereau N, Appay V, Verrier B, Paul S. New chimeric TLR7/NOD2 agonist is a potent adjuvant to induce mucosal immune responses. EBioMedicine 2020; 58:102922. [PMID: 32739871 PMCID: PMC7393532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PRR (Pattern Recognition Receptor) agonists have been widely tested as potent vaccine adjuvants. TLR7 (Toll-Like Receptor 7) and NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2) are key innate receptors widely expressed at mucosal levels. Methods Here, we evaluated the immunostimulatory properties of a novel hybrid chemical compound designed to stimulate both TLR7 and NOD2 receptors. Finding The combined TLR7/NOD2 agonist showed increase efficacy than TLR7L or NOD2L agonists alone or combined in different in vitro models. Dual TLR7/NOD2 agonist efficiently stimulates TLR7 and NOD2, and promotes the maturation and reprogramming of human dendritic cells, as well as the secretion of pro-inflammatory or adaptive cytokines. This molecule also strongly induces autophagy in human cells which is a major intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to lysosomes in both MHC class I and II-restricted antigen presentation. In vivo, TLR7/NOD2L agonist is a potent adjuvant after intranasal administration with NP-p24 HIV vaccine, inducing high-quality humoral and adaptive responses both in systemic and mucosal compartments. Use of TLR7/NOD2L adjuvant improves very significantly the protection of mice against an intranasal challenge with a vaccinia virus expressing the p24. Interpretation Dual TLR7/NOD2L agonist is a very potent and versatile vaccine adjuvant and promote very efficiently both systemic and mucosal immunity. Funding This work was supported by 10.13039/100009060Sidaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gutjahr
- InvivoGen, 5 Rue Jean Rodier F-31400, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lyon, France; Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1135, CIMI-Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | | | - Thierry Lioux
- InvivoGen, 5 Rue Jean Rodier F-31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne Jospin
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Blandine Chanut
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Eric Perouzel
- InvivoGen, 5 Rue Jean Rodier F-31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Rochereau
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
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17
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Papagno L, Kuse N, Lissina A, Gostick E, Price DA, Appay V, Nicoli F. The TLR9 ligand CpG ODN 2006 is a poor adjuvant for the induction of de novo CD8 + T-cell responses in vitro. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11620. [PMID: 32669577 PMCID: PMC7363897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists have gained traction in recent years as potential adjuvants for the induction of adaptive immune responses. It has nonetheless remained unclear to what extent such ligands can facilitate the priming events that generate antigen-specific effector and/or memory CD8+ T-cell populations. We used an established in vitro model to prime naive precursors from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of various adjuvants, including CpG ODN 2006, a synthetic oligonucleotide TLR9 ligand (TLR9L). Unexpectedly, we found that TLR9L induced a suboptimal inflammatory milieu and promoted the antigen-driven expansion and functional maturation of naive CD8+ T cells ineffectively compared with either ssRNA40 or 2'3'-cGAMP, which activate other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). TLR9L also inhibited the priming efficacy of 2'3'-cGAMP. Collectively, these results suggest that TLR9L is unlikely to be a good candidate for the optimal induction of de novo CD8+ T-cell responses, in contrast to adjuvants that operate via discrete PRRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Nozomi Kuse
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Anna Lissina
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75013, Paris, France.
- International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 75013, Paris, France.
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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18
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Abraham J, Botto S, Mizuno N, Pryke K, Gall B, Boehm D, Sali TM, Jin H, Nilsen A, Gough M, Baird J, Chakhtoura M, Subra C, Trautmann L, Haddad EK, DeFilippis VR. Characterization of a Novel Compound That Stimulates STING-Mediated Innate Immune Activity in an Allele-Specific Manner. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1430. [PMID: 32733475 PMCID: PMC7360819 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response to cytosolic DNA involves transcriptional activation of type I interferons (IFN-I) and proinflammatory cytokines. This represents the culmination of intracellular signaling pathways that are initiated by pattern recognition receptors that engage DNA and require the adaptor protein Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING). These responses lead to the generation of cellular and tissue states that impair microbial replication and facilitate the establishment of long-lived, antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Ultimately this can lead to immune-mediated protection from infection but also to the cytotoxic T cell-mediated clearance of tumor cells. Intriguingly, pharmacologic activation of STING-dependent phenotypes is known to enhance both vaccine-associated immunogenicity and immune-based anti-tumor therapies. Unfortunately, the STING protein exists as multiple variant forms in the human population that exhibit differences in their reactivity to chemical stimuli and in the intensity of molecular signaling they induce. In light of this, STING-targeting drug discovery efforts require an accounting of protein variant-specific activity. Herein we describe a small molecule termed M04 that behaves as a novel agonist of human STING. Importantly, we find that the molecule exhibits a differential ability to activate STING based on the allelic variant examined. Furthermore, while M04 is inactive in mice, expression of human STING in mouse cells rescues reactivity to the compound. Using primary human cells in ex vivo assays we were also able to show that M04 is capable of simulating innate responses important for adaptive immune activation such as cytokine secretion, dendritic cell maturation, and T cell cross-priming. Collectively, this work demonstrates the conceivable utility of a novel agonist of human STING both as a research tool for exploring STING biology and as an immune potentiating molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinu Abraham
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sara Botto
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nobuyo Mizuno
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kara Pryke
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Bryan Gall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Dylan Boehm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Tina M. Sali
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Haihong Jin
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Aaron Nilsen
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Michael Gough
- Integrated Therapies Laboratory, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jason Baird
- Integrated Therapies Laboratory, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Marita Chakhtoura
- Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Caroline Subra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lydie Trautmann
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Elias K. Haddad
- Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Victor R. DeFilippis
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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19
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Sepulveda-Crespo D, Resino S, Martinez I. Innate Immune Response against Hepatitis C Virus: Targets for Vaccine Adjuvants. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020313. [PMID: 32560440 PMCID: PMC7350220 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite successful treatments, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections continue to be a significant world health problem. High treatment costs, the high number of undiagnosed individuals, and the difficulty to access to treatment, particularly in marginalized susceptible populations, make it improbable to achieve the global control of the virus in the absence of an effective preventive vaccine. Current vaccine development is mostly focused on weakly immunogenic subunits, such as surface glycoproteins or non-structural proteins, in the case of HCV. Adjuvants are critical components of vaccine formulations that increase immunogenic performance. As we learn more information about how adjuvants work, it is becoming clear that proper stimulation of innate immunity is crucial to achieving a successful immunization. Several hepatic cell types participate in the early innate immune response and the subsequent inflammation and activation of the adaptive response, principally hepatocytes, and antigen-presenting cells (Kupffer cells, and dendritic cells). Innate pattern recognition receptors on these cells, mainly toll-like receptors, are targets for new promising adjuvants. Moreover, complex adjuvants that stimulate different components of the innate immunity are showing encouraging results and are being incorporated in current vaccines. Recent studies on HCV-vaccine adjuvants have shown that the induction of a strong T- and B-cell immune response might be enhanced by choosing the right adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvador Resino
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (I.M.); Tel.: +34-91-8223266 (S.R.); +34-91-8223272 (I.M.); Fax: +34-91-5097919 (S.R. & I.M.)
| | - Isidoro Martinez
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (I.M.); Tel.: +34-91-8223266 (S.R.); +34-91-8223272 (I.M.); Fax: +34-91-5097919 (S.R. & I.M.)
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20
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Gayet R, Michaud E, Nicoli F, Chanut B, Paul M, Rochereau N, Guillon C, He Z, Papagno L, Bioley G, Corthesy B, Paul S. Impact of IgA isoforms on their ability to activate dendritic cells and to prime T cells. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1295-1306. [PMID: 32277709 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human IgA could be from different isotypes (IgA1/IgA2) and/or isoforms (monomeric, dimeric, or secretory). Monomeric IgA mainly IgA1 are considered as an anti-inflammatory isotype whereas dimeric/secretory IgA have clearly dual pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we show that IgA isotypes and isoforms display different binding abilities to FcαRI, Dectin-1, DC-SIGN, and CD71 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC). We describe that IgA regulate the expression of their own receptors and trigger modulation of moDC maturation. We also demonstrate that dimeric IgA2 and IgA1 induce different inflammatory responses leading to cytotoxic CD8+ T cells activation. moDC stimulation by dimeric IgA2 was followed by a strong pro-inflammatory effect. Our study highlights differences regarding IgA isotypes and isoforms in the context of DC conditioning. Further investigations are needed on the activation of adaptive immunity by IgA in the context of microbiota/IgA complexes during antibody-mediated immune selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Gayet
- GIMAP/EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Eva Michaud
- GIMAP/EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | | | - Mireille Paul
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Christophe Guillon
- Retroviruses and Structural Biochemistry, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, University of Lyon, CNRS, UMR5086, Lyon, France
| | - Zhiguo He
- BiiGC/EA2521, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Bioley
- BiiGC/EA2521, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Blaise Corthesy
- R&D Laboratory of the Division of Immunology and Allergy, CHUV, Centre des Laboratoires d'Epalinges, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Paul
- GIMAP/EA3064, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
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21
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Pavlick A, Blazquez AB, Meseck M, Lattanzi M, Ott PA, Marron TU, Holman RM, Mandeli J, Salazar AM, McClain CB, Gimenez G, Balan S, Gnjatic S, Sabado RL, Bhardwaj N. Combined Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 Protein, Poly-ICLC, and Montanide Improves Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Patients with High-Risk Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:70-80. [PMID: 31699709 PMCID: PMC6946846 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Given its ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, NY-ESO-1 has been considered a suitable antigen for a cancer vaccine. Despite promising results from early-phase clinical studies in patients with melanoma, NY-ESO-1 vaccine immunotherapy has not been widely investigated in larger trials; consequently, many questions remain as to the optimal vaccine formulation, predictive biomarkers, and sequencing and timing of vaccines in melanoma treatment. We conducted an adjuvant phase I/II clinical trial in high-risk resected melanoma to optimize the delivery of poly-ICLC, a TLR-3/MDA-5 agonist, as a component of vaccine formulation. A phase I dose-escalation part was undertaken to identify the MTD of poly-ICLC administered in combination with NY-ESO-1 and montanide. This was followed by a randomized phase II part investigating the MTD of poly-ICLC with NY-ESO-1 with or without montanide. The vaccine regimens were generally well tolerated, with no treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events. Both regimens induced integrated NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T-cell and humoral responses. CD8+ T-cell responses were mainly detected in patients receiving montanide. T-cell avidity toward NY-ESO-1 peptides was higher in patients vaccinated with montanide. In conclusion, NY-ESO-1 protein in combination with poly-ICLC is safe, well tolerated, and capable of inducing integrated antibody and CD4+ T-cell responses in most patients. Combination with montanide enhances antigen-specific T-cell avidity and CD8+ T-cell cross-priming in a fraction of patients, indicating that montanide contributes to the induction of specific CD8+ T-cell responses to NY-ESO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pavlick
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ana B Blazquez
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Marcia Meseck
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michael Lattanzi
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Thomas U Marron
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - John Mandeli
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | | | - Christopher B McClain
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Gustavo Gimenez
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sreekumar Balan
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Precision Immunology Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
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22
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Neubert NJ, Schmittnaegel M, Bordry N, Nassiri S, Wald N, Martignier C, Tillé L, Homicsko K, Damsky W, Maby-El Hajjami H, Klaman I, Danenberg E, Ioannidou K, Kandalaft L, Coukos G, Hoves S, Ries CH, Fuertes Marraco SA, Foukas PG, De Palma M, Speiser DE. T cell-induced CSF1 promotes melanoma resistance to PD1 blockade. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/436/eaan3311. [PMID: 29643229 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) is a key regulator of monocyte/macrophage differentiation that sustains the protumorigenic functions of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We show that CSF1 is expressed in human melanoma, and patients with metastatic melanoma have increased CSF1 in blood compared to healthy subjects. In tumors, CSF1 expression correlated with the abundance of CD8+ T cells and CD163+ TAMs. Human melanoma cell lines consistently produced CSF1 after exposure to melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells or T cell-derived cytokines in vitro, reflecting a broadly conserved mechanism of CSF1 induction by activated CD8+ T cells. Mining of publicly available transcriptomic data sets suggested co-enrichment of CD8+ T cells with CSF1 or various TAM-specific markers in human melanoma, which was associated with nonresponsiveness to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) checkpoint blockade in a smaller patient cohort. Combination of anti-PD1 and anti-CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) antibodies induced the regression of BRAFV600E -driven, transplant mouse melanomas, a result that was dependent on the effective elimination of TAMs. Collectively, these data implicate CSF1 induction as a CD8+ T cell-dependent adaptive resistance mechanism and show that simultaneous CSF1R targeting may be beneficial in melanomas refractory to immune checkpoint blockade and, possibly, other T cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Neubert
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Martina Schmittnaegel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Bordry
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Sina Nassiri
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Noémie Wald
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Martignier
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Laure Tillé
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Krisztian Homicsko
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - William Damsky
- Departments of Dermatology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Hélène Maby-El Hajjami
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Irina Klaman
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Nonnenwald 2, D-82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Esther Danenberg
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kalliopi Ioannidou
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Lana Kandalaft
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.,Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Hoves
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Nonnenwald 2, D-82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Carola H Ries
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Nonnenwald 2, D-82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Silvia A Fuertes Marraco
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Periklis G Foukas
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele De Palma
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel E Speiser
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
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23
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Cimen Bozkus C, Roudko V, Finnigan JP, Mascarenhas J, Hoffman R, Iancu-Rubin C, Bhardwaj N. Immune Checkpoint Blockade Enhances Shared Neoantigen-Induced T-cell Immunity Directed against Mutated Calreticulin in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:1192-1207. [PMID: 31266769 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Somatic frameshift mutations in the calreticulin (CALR) gene are key drivers of cellular transformation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). All patients carrying these mutations (CALR + MPN) share an identical sequence in the C-terminus of the mutated CALR protein (mut-CALR), with the potential for utility as a shared neoantigen. Here, we demonstrate that although a subset of patients with CALR + MPN develop specific T-cell responses against the mut-CALR C-terminus, PD-1 or CTLA4 expression abrogates the full complement of responses. Significantly, blockade of PD-1 and CLTA4 ex vivo by mAbs and of PD-1 in vivo by pembrolizumab administration restores mut-CALR-specific T-cell immunity in some patients with CALR + MPN. Moreover, mut-CALR elicits antigen-specific responses from both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, confirming its broad applicability as an immunogen. Collectively, these results establish mut-CALR as a shared, MPN-specific neoantigen and inform the design of novel immunotherapies targeting mut-CALR. SIGNIFICANCE: Current treatment modalities for MPN are not effective in eliminating malignant cells. Here, we show that mutations in the CALR gene, which drive transformation in MPN, elicit T-cell responses that can be further enhanced by checkpoint blockade, suggesting immunotherapies could be employed to eliminate CALR + malignant cells in MPN.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Cimen Bozkus
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Vladimir Roudko
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - John P Finnigan
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - John Mascarenhas
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Camelia Iancu-Rubin
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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24
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Georg P, Sander LE. Innate sensors that regulate vaccine responses. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 59:31-41. [PMID: 30978666 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) control elemental functions of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and critically shape adaptive immune responses. Wielding a natural adjuvanticity, live attenuated vaccines elicit exceptionally efficient and durable immunity. Commonly used vaccine adjuvants target individual PRRs or bolster the immunogenicity of vaccines via indirect mechanisms of inflammation. Here, we review the impact of innate sensors on immune responses to live attenuated vaccines and commonly used vaccine adjuvants, with a focus on human vaccine responses. We discuss the unique potential of microbial nucleic acids and their corresponding sensing receptors to mimic live attenuated vaccines and promote protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Georg
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif E Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Kuse N, Sun X, Akahoshi T, Lissina A, Yamamoto T, Appay V, Takiguchi M. Priming of HIV-1-specific CD8 + T cells with strong functional properties from naïve T cells. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:109-119. [PMID: 30956171 PMCID: PMC6491959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells are required for immune suppression of HIV-1 replication and elimination of the associated viral reservoirs. However, effective induction of functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells from naïve cells remains problematic in the setting of human vaccine trials. In this study, we investigated priming of functional HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells from naïve cells. Methods HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells were primed from naïve T cells of HIV-1-seronegative individuals using TLR4 ligand LPS or STING ligand 3′3′-cGAMP in vitro. We established HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell lines from primed T cells and then investigated functional properties of these cells. Findings HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells primed with LPS failed to suppress HIV-1. In contrast, 3′3′-cGAMP effectively primed HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells with strong ability to suppress HIV-1. 3′3′-cGAMP-primed T cells had higher expression levels of perforin and granzyme B than LPS-primed ones. The expression levels of granzyme B and perforin and viral suppression ability of 3′3′-cGAMP-primed T cells were positively correlated with the production level of type I IFN from PBMCs stimulated with 3′3′-cGAMP. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the potential of 3′3′-cGAMP to induce HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells with strong effector function from naïve cells via a strong type I IFN production and suggests that this STING ligand may be useful for AIDS vaccine and cure treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Kuse
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Akahoshi
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Anna Lissina
- Sorbonne Universite, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universite, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), F-75013 Paris, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takiguchi
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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26
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Gutjahr A, Papagno L, Nicoli F, Kanuma T, Kuse N, Cabral-Piccin MP, Rochereau N, Gostick E, Lioux T, Perouzel E, Price DA, Takiguchi M, Verrier B, Yamamoto T, Paul S, Appay V. The STING ligand cGAMP potentiates the efficacy of vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125107. [PMID: 30944257 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen recognition receptor (PRR) agonists are currently being developed and tested as adjuvants in various formulations to optimize the immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines. Using an original in vitro approach to prime naive precursors from unfractionated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we assessed the influence of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP), a ligand for the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), on the induction of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. We found that 2'3'-cGAMP and 3'3'-cGAMP were especially potent adjuvants in this system, driving the expansion and maturation of functionally replete antigen-specific CD8+ T cells via the induction of type I IFNs. The biological relevance of these findings was confirmed in vivo using two mouse models, in which 2'3'-cGAMP-adjuvanted vaccination elicited protective antitumor or antiviral CD8+ T cell responses. These results identify particular isoforms of cGAMP as effective adjuvants that may find utility in the development of novel immunotherapies and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gutjahr
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Lyon, France.,InvivoGen, Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Tomohiro Kanuma
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nozomi Kuse
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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27
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Kuranda K, Caillat-Zucman S, You S, Mallone R. In Vitro Expansion of Anti-viral T Cells from Cord Blood by Accelerated Co-cultured Dendritic Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 13:112-120. [PMID: 30740473 PMCID: PMC6357851 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using unrelated cord blood (CB) donors is a suitable approach when an HLA-matched donor is not available. However, one important drawback is the risk of life-threatening viral infections prior to immune reconstitution, particularly from adenoviruses (AdVs). Although adoptive therapy with ex vivo expanded virus-reactive donor T cells has proven effective to treat these infections in HSCT recipients, the manufacturing process is complex and requires large numbers of cells, which is incompatible with CB donor units. Here, we have adapted our previous accelerated co-cultured dendritic cell (acDC) method, which allows to efficiently and rapidly expand peripheral blood T cells reactive to a given antigen, for use on limited CB material. Selected cytokine cocktails induced DC differentiation and maturation from unfractionated CB mononuclear cell cultures and simultaneously stimulated and expanded, within 10 days, functional CD8+ T cells specific for the model antigen MelanA or AdV immunodominant peptides. In addition, the use of G-Rex cultures yielded numbers of AdV-reactive CD8+ T cells compatible with adoptive cell therapy applications. Our acDC strategy, which uses reagents compatible with good manufacturing practices, may be promptly translated into the clinic for treating intercurrent infections in CB HSCT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kuranda
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Sophie Caillat-Zucman
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 75010, France.,INSERM, UMR1149, Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris Diderot University, Paris 75018, France
| | - Sylvaine You
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris 75014, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie, Cochin Hospital, Paris 75014, France
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28
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Nicoli F, Papagno L, Frere JJ, Cabral-Piccin MP, Clave E, Gostick E, Toubert A, Price DA, Caputo A, Appay V. Naïve CD8 + T-Cells Engage a Versatile Metabolic Program Upon Activation in Humans and Differ Energetically From Memory CD8 + T-Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2736. [PMID: 30619240 PMCID: PMC6308131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Characterization of the intracellular biochemical processes that regulate the generation and maintenance of effector and memory CD8+ T-cells from naïve precursors is essential for our understanding of adaptive immune responses and the development of immunotherapies. However, the metabolic determinants of antigen-driven activation and differentiation remain poorly defined, especially in humans. Methods: We used a variety of different approaches, including gene expression profiling and measurements of nutrient flux, to characterize the basal and activation-induced energetic requirements of naïve and phenotypically-defined subsets of human memory CD8+ T-cells. Findings: Profound metabolic differences were apparent as a function of differentiation status, both at rest and in response to stimulation via the T cell receptor (TCR). Of particular note, resting naïve CD8+ T cells were largely quiescent, but rapidly upregulated diverse energetic pathways after ligation of surface-expressed TCRs. Moreover, autophagy and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent glycolytic pathway were identified as critical mediators of antigen-driven priming in the naïve CD8+ T cell pool, the efficiency of which was dampened by the presence of neutral lipids and fatty acids. Interpretation: These observations provide a metabolic roadmap of the CD8+ T-cell compartment in humans and reveal potentially selective targets for novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Papagno
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Justin J Frere
- Department of Immunobiology and the Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Emmanuel Clave
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1160, Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1160, Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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29
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AAV-Vectored Fms-Related Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand Inhibits CD34 + Progenitor Cell Engraftment in Humanized Mice. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2018; 13:541-550. [PMID: 30377944 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-018-9819-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Humanized mice have become useful animal models for HIV/AIDS. Since NOD.Cg-Prkdc scid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice allow the engraftment of primary human immune cells, we aim to determine the role of human Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (hFlt3L), a major growth factor for dendritic cells (DCs), in regulating the differentiation of cord blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells in this murine species. Soluble recombinant hFlt3L protein and AAV-vectored hFlt3L were administrated before or after human CD34+ progenitor cell transplantation, respectively. We then measured the peripheral levels of hFlt3L by ELISA. Meantime, reconstituted human immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry over time. We found that without hFlt3L there were significantly increased types of human immune cells in NSG-huCD34 compared with NSG-huPBL mice but the frequency of human DCs remains low. Transient treatment with recombinant hFlt3L expanded human conventional CD1c+ and CD141+ DCs as well as plasmacytoid DCs in humanized NSG-huCD34 mice. Surprisingly, however, the prolonged in vivo expression of AAV-vectored hFlt3L resulted in significant suppression of total human CD34+ cell engraftment and differentiation. The suppression occurred within 2 weeks when AAV-vectored hFlt3L was administered either before or after the transplantation of CD34+ progenitor cells, which was likely associated with the induction of murine myeloid-derived immune suppressive cells and reactive oxygen species in NSG-huCD34 mice. Since chronic HIV-1 patients displayed significantly high levels of hFlt3L expression, our findings may have implication to explore the role of prolonged hFlt3L in regulating the differentiation of human CD34+ progenitor cells in both NSG-huCD34 mice and infected people. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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30
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Mou Y, Xing Y, Ren H, Cui Z, Zhang Y, Yu G, Urba WJ, Hu Q, Hu H. The Effect of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Surface Charge on Antigen Cross-Presentation. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:52. [PMID: 28102523 PMCID: PMC5247387 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-1828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) have been explored for different kinds of applications in biomedicine, mechanics, and information. Here, we explored the synthetic SPIO NPs as an adjuvant on antigen cross-presentation ability by enhancing the intracellular delivery of antigens into antigen presenting cells (APCs). Particles with different chemical modifications and surface charges were used to study the mechanism of action of antigen delivery. Specifically, two types of magnetic NPs, γFe2O3/APTS (3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane) NPs and γFe2O3/DMSA (meso-2, 3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid) NPs, with the same crystal structure, magnetic properties, and size distribution were prepared. Then, the promotion of T-cell activation via dendritic cells (DCs) was compared among different charged antigen coated NPs. Moreover, the activation of the autophagy, cytosolic delivery of the antigens, and antigen degradation mediated by the proteasome and lysosome were measured. Our results indicated that positive charged γFe2O3/APTS NPs, but not negative charged γFe2O3/DMSA NPs, enhanced the cross-presentation ability of DCs. Increased cross-presentation ability induced by γFe2O3/APTS NPs was associated with increased cytosolic antigen delivery. On the contrary, γFe2O3/DMSA NPs was associated with rapid autophagy. Overall, our results suggest that antigen delivered in cytoplasm induced by positive charged particles is beneficial for antigen cross-presentation and T-cell activation. NPs modified with different chemistries exhibit diverse biological properties and differ greatly in their adjuvant potentials. Thus, it should be carefully considered many different effects of NPs to design effective and safe adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Mou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30#, Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008 People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Yun Xing
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
- Minigene Pharmacy Laboratory, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Cui
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecule and Bimolecular Electronics, Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjie Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Walter J. Urba
- Cancer Research, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, 4805 NE Glisan Street, Portland, OR 97213 USA
| | - Qingang Hu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 30#, Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongming Hu
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR USA
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31
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Gutjahr A, Papagno L, Nicoli F, Lamoureux A, Vernejoul F, Lioux T, Gostick E, Price DA, Tiraby G, Perouzel E, Appay V, Verrier B, Paul S. Cutting Edge: A Dual TLR2 and TLR7 Ligand Induces Highly Potent Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4205-4209. [PMID: 28432147 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TLR agonists are currently being developed and tested as adjuvants in various formulations to optimize the immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunostimulatory properties of a novel compound incorporating covalently linked moieties designed to stimulate both TLR2 and TLR7. This dual TLR2/TLR7 agonist induced the maturation of dendritic cells and primed substantial populations of cytolytic and highly polyfunctional effector CD8+ T cells in vitro, and safely potentiated the immunogenic properties of a nanoparticulate Ag in vivo, eliciting humoral responses with a balanced TH1/TH2 profile in mice. Collectively, these data reveal the potential utility of chimeric adjuvants with synergistic activities mediated via TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gutjahr
- InvivoGen, 31400 Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 69007 Lyon, France.,Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris VI, Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire "Vieillissement Immunitaire et Stress," Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris VI, Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire "Vieillissement Immunitaire et Stress," Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Emma Gostick
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; and
| | - David A Price
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | - Victor Appay
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris VI, Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire "Vieillissement Immunitaire et Stress," Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,INSERM U1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75252 Paris, France.,International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et Agents Pathogènes, Faculté de Médecine de Saint-Etienne, INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Vaccinologie 1408, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France;
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